精品解析：江西省新余市第一中学2024-2025学年高二上学期第二次段考英语试题

新余一中2024-2025学年上学期高二年级第二次段考 英语试题 卷面总分：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt? A. £ 19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C. 1. What does the man say about Jack? A. He’s serious. B. He’s responsible. C. He’s humorous. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Cousins. C. Uncle and niece. 3. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Who to cook a meal. B. Where to buy some vegetables. C. What to have for lunch. 4. Where are probably the speakers? A. In the car shop. B. In the toy shop. C. In the clothing shop. 5 What does the man usually do in his spare time? A. Do some exercise. B. Play video games. C. Play chess with his grandfather. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the man apologize? A. For not going to the amusement park. B. For not attending the parent-teacher meeting. C. For not explaining the reason in time. 7. What subject is the woman probably bad at? A. Math. B. English. C. Physics. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where does the conversation take place? A. At the woman’s home. B. At a wedding. C. On the phone. 9 When will Rose arrive at Tom’s house? A. On June 30th. B. On July 1st. C. On July 2nd. 10. What is Tom likely to do next? A. Answer the door. B. Call his friend. C. Send out an invitation. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is Max’s purpose of going to Europe? A. To work. B. To study. C. To travel. 12. Which country is Max in? A. Belgium. B. France. C. Switzerland. 13. What will Rita do next? A. Tell the man an account. B. Take some pictures. C. Share her videos. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What does Louis help the woman carry? A The chair and the camera. B. The box and the umbrella. C. The camera and the box. 15. How many times did Louis go to the gym this week? A. Seven times. B. Six times. C. Twice. 16. What did Louis probably do today? A. He had his hair cut. B. He cleaned his house. C. He talked with the elderly. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where was Randy Bachman’s guitar stolen? A. In Canada. B. In America. C. In Japan. 18. How did Randy Bachman make money to buy the guitar? A. By singing songs. B. By selling cars. C. By looking after children. 19. What did William Long think of finding Randy Bachman’s guitar? A. It was meaningless. B. It was hopeful. C. It was impossible. 20. How much did Takeshi pay for Randy Bachman’s guitar? A. $400. B. $6,300. C. $85,000. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Body language is important for communication in every language. Unlike simple actions, body language is more focused on conveying emotions, with strong cultural differences. If you really want to be fluent and communicate effectively with English speakers, you will need to understand what types of body language they use. What Exactly is Body Language? Body language is the movement of facial features or body parts, which intentionally (有意地) or unintentionally express thoughts and attitudes. Here are three key types: Facial expressions: A smile, a slight frown or a straight face are all different expressions that add another layer of meaning to what you are saying. Eye contact is an especially significant of body language that you need to pay attention to while speaking English or listening to someone else. Hand gestures: When you talk, do you move your hands around or do you keep them at your side? Folded arms, hands on hips or hands in pockets can create different messages even if you are saying the same words. Body position: The position of your body also means a lot. Leaning forward while somebody is speaking or how far you stand apart from your audience----it all matters. How to Practice English Body Language While learning how to speak English takes a lot of work, from mastering grammar to perfecting pronunciation, body language requires the same attention and investment. What makes it even more tough is that body language varies from culture to culture. For example, did you know that in Bulgaria, people nod their heads up and down to mean “no”? Therefore you need to learn body language from real native English speakers. But how can you practice if you are not currently living with English speakers or in an English-speaking region? 1. Which of the following is a facial expression? A. Giving your brother a bear hug. B. Saying hello to your friend. C. Nodding to your boss in the meeting. D. Raising your eyebrows on seeing a dog. 2. What causes more difficulties in learning body language? A. The cultural differences. B. The changing gestures. C. A lack of communication. D. A lack of professional training. 3. What will be written in the following paragraphs? A. The approaches of living in Europe B. The advantages of body language. C. The ways of practicing body language. D. The problems of learning body language. B With light brown eyes and jet-black hair, my mom is my favorite hello and most difficult goodbye. For as long as I can remember, she has been my idol. While working as a judge, she is in pursuit of justice for others. As a mother, friend, and woman, however, she shows a softer side. Her actions show sensitivity, optimism, and kindness unlike any other I have ever known. As an only child, I never received the gift of a sibling (兄弟姐妹) with whom I could share laughs, secrets, or knowing glances from across a room. The older I’ve got, the more I have realized I never needed a sibling, anyway. Back home, my mom and I would wake and have a quick breakfast together, and leave for Jersey City — she is off to work and I went to school. Regardless of cold weather, heavy traffic, or my anxious stomach ache prior to a day of exams, we always had fun. She would tell jokes and we would laugh. With her infectious smile and confident attitude, my mom managed to turn every sad morning of mine into a better day. Now that I am at Rochester, we are separated by nearly 400 miles of sloping highway. I no longer have the chance of looking out a classroom window and seeing her office building standing tall a mile away. Moving away from home was a major shift — and not just because of my new suburban rented room, minimized food options, and much bitter winters. When I am missing my mom especially, I recall the words she told me when I would cry as a young girl: a line from her favorite poem, by author E. E. Cummings. “I carry your heart with me; I carry it in my heart,” she’d smile, wiping away my tears. As I reflect upon that sentence, I can see that there is a piece of my mom with me wherever I go. I guess those 400 miles between the two of us isn’t so distant, after all. 4. What kind of person is the author’s mother? A. She is a strict judge. B. She is a popular poet. C. She is a humorous comedian. D. She is a considerate role model. 5. Why did the author say she never needed a sibling? A. She didn’t like siblings. B. She didn’t want to share a room. C. She was old enough to live alone. D. She was content with her mother’s company. 6. What can we infer about the author’s life at Rochester? A. It is boring. B. It is tough. C. It is unbearable. D. It is unexpected. 7. What is the main idea for the text? A. Fun life of my mother. B. Poems for my mother and me. C. Memory of my separated mother and me. D. Praise for my relationship with my mother. C Scientists near San Francisco work to identify a type of endangered fish using a tool that was originally made for treating cancer. Currently, CRISPR is used to change the genetic material in specific cells. By changing the structure of immune cells, it helps recognize and fight cancer. The same technology is now used in a special machine called Sherlock, which, of course, is named after the famous investigator Sherlock Holmes. They do not, however, use Sherlock to change fish cells. Instead, the ocean researchers catch the fish, collect a small amount of mucus (黏液) and then test the cells to find the genetic makeup of the fish. It can be done in about 30 minutes. In the past, the researchers would have to wait weeks or months to get test results. The researchers have found that the technology is extremely helpful when looking at different species of Chinook salmon, because they look nearly the same. However, some of them are endangered, and the scientists need to keep track of them. In the past, the scientists would catch the Chinook salmon and measure them to tell them apart. “It’s not very accurate,” said Andrea Schreier, an associate professor at the University of California in Davis. Now she is working on the salmon. Schreier said when they catch the fish, the Sherlock machine can quickly tell them if they have one of the special salmon. It’s important because it allows the scientists to do things that will help the endangered salmon live longer. For example, they can catch them in lakes far away from the coast and take them by truck to the San Francisco Bay. In the past, the fish might have tried to make it to the Bay by swimming in rivers. However, due to climate change, the river water is sometimes too warm for the fish to make the trip safely. Schreier said she feels good about the project because she likes being able to assist with conservation. “I really want to work to maintain our ecosystems and our native populations as much as possible, given all of the pressures that we humans place on them through our different activities.” 8. Which of the following best describe the technology? A. Immature. B. Efficient. C. Inaccurate. D. Economical. 9. What do the new technology and the traditional way have in common? ‘ A. They test the fish mucus to tell them apart. B. They are carried out by researchers in the lab. C. They help researchers tell different salmons apart. D. They originally aimed at detecting cancer. 10. What can be inferred about the Chinook salmons? A. They will soon die out. B. They are of the same size. C. They are now well protected. D. They are used to cool water. 11. What do we know about Andrea Schreier from the text? A. She thinks humans are greatly pressured. B. She can now spend less time on her work. C. She is rather devoted to the conservation. D. She thinks her work needs improvement. D One of the greatest killers in the Western world is heart disease. The death rate from the disease has been increasing at an alarming speed for the past thirty years. Today in Britain, for example, about four hundred people a day die of heart disease. Medical experts know that people can reduce their chances of getting heart disease b exercising regularly, by not smoking, by changing their diets, and by paying more attention to reducing stress in their work. However, Western health-care systems are still not paying enough attention to the prevention of the disease. There is a need for more programs to educate the public about the causes and prevention of heart disease. Instead of supporting such programs, however, the U. S. health-care system is spending large sums of money on the surgical treatment of the disease after it develops. This emphasis on treatment clearly has something to do with the technological advances that have taken place in the past ten to fifteen years. In this time, modern technology has enabled doctors to develop new surgical techniques. Many operations that were considered impossible or too risky a few years ago are now performed every day in U. S. hospitals. The result has been a huge increase in heart surgery. Although there is no doubt that heart surgery can help a large number of people, some people point out that the emphasis on the surgical treatment of the disease has three clear disadvantages. First, it attracts interest and money away from the question of prevention. Second, it causes the costs of general hospital care to rise. After hospitals buy the expensive equipment that is necessary for modern heart surgery, they must try to recover the money they have spent. To do this, they raise costs for all their patients, not just those patients whose treatment requires the equipment. The third disadvantage is that doctors are encouraged to perform surgery even on patients for whom an operation is unnecessary — because the equipment and expert skills are there. A government office recently stated that major heart surgery was often performed even though its chances of success were low. In one type of heart surgery, for example, only 15 percent of patients improved their conditions after the surgery. However, more than 100,000 of these operations are performed in the United States every year. 12. What effect has modern technology had on medicine? A. It has reduced the costs of medical treatment. B. It hasn’t helped save any patients. C. It has encouraged doctors to do more heart surgery. D. It has helped educate people about the prevention of heart disease. 13. What does the underlined word “recover” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Boost. B. Spring up. C. Get back. D. Pick up 14. The author would agree that ______. A. more money should be spent on the prevention of heart disease B. heart surgery has helped most patients improve their conditions C. modern technology has made heart surgery more risky than before D. the public have known a great deal about the causes of heart disease 15. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. The Greatest Killer in the West B. Heart Disease: Treat or Prevent? C. Old Technology and Heart Surgery D. Heart Surgery: Merits 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When we are kids, we laugh a lot. But as we become adults, it is much more difficult to laugh so easily. Do you laugh too little in your life? Do you remember how you used to laugh before, as a child? ___16___ . It’s a great way to relax, not just on a purely emotional level, but also physically. It can reduce our blood pressure. It also contributes to the release of hormones (荷尔蒙) that are good for our health. ___17___ . It helps us feel more at ease around new people and also connects us with others. Sometimes, you might feel like there is not much cause to laugh. Life can be tough. But laughter is, if not the best medicine, a good support to have for tough times and for good times as well. So you should allow yourself to laugh as you used to. A good idea is to give yourself permission to play. Play is a natural activity that promotes a lot of laughter, whether it's through video games, outdoor games, or board games. ___18___ . Laughter comes from being with others. ___19___ . Hang out with family members that are nice to be around, with whom you can have fun, laugh, and enjoy yourself. Give your time to those who can share your laughter. More than anything, learn to develop humor. ___20___ . Laugh at your mistakes and learn to laugh at yourself. Then you will be surprised by the changes you will see in your life. A. You don’t have to be mean B. Laughter has a lot of benefits C. Don’t take yourself too seriously D. Try to see your friends more often E. Watch videos to help you correct your mistakes F. In addition to these, laughing has a social function G. Just discover what you like to play and have fun with it 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was born legally blind. Of all the stories of my early childhood, the one about a ____21____ is my mother’s favorite. I was only two when the ____22____ occurred. We had just arrived home from a trip. Mom lifted me out of the car and ____23____ to speak to the driver. I took advantage of my brief ____24____ to dash across the lawn (草坪)-and hit a large maple tree! I was running so fast that I bounced off the trunk and ____25____ on my backside. Mom expected me to start crying, but I just sat there for a minute. Then I ____26____ myself up and kept right on going. Mom always ____27____ here that, as many times as I dashed across the lawn after that, I never again ____28____ into that tree. Mom loves to use this story as an ____29____. It reminds her that children don’t enter life ____30____ to take risks or unwilling to try again when they fall down. She never wanted me to lose that ____31____ as I grew older. When I made my major life decisions, I was still that little girl tearing ____32____ across the lawn. I studied abroad and later moved away from my parents’ home to look for a job, Through years of ____33____, I have become a respected teacher in a school serving high-need students. We are almost certain to get ____34____ at some point during the process of achieving our goal. When that happens, don’t sit in the grass and ____35____. Just get up and keep on going. It will all be worth it in the end. 21. A. trip B. race C. tree D. driver 22. A. incident B. change C. illness D. problem 23. A. feared B. refused C. forgot D. turned 24. A. delay B. absence C. freedom D. rest 25. A. landed B. slept C. laughed D. wept 26. A. woke B. picked C. warmed D. gave 27. A. adds B. replies C. admits D. supposes 28. A. crashed B. broke C. climbed D. looked 29. A. answer B. example C. excuse D. order 30. A. able B. ashamed C. afraid D. anxious 31. A. honesty B. toughness C. kindness D. curiosity 32. A. ice-breaking B. eyes-opening C. full-speed D. absent-minded 33. A. memories B. efforts C. research D. experience 34. A. mixed up B. fed up C. knocked down D. settled down 35. A. play B. relax C. dream D. cry 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Almost every country has seen a decline in birth rates in the last 60 years, with some declines more incredible than others. As countries progress and living standards improve, there is ____36____ shift in social norms (规范) and expectations. Many children on the farm means lots of free hands to do the work. Many children in the city means lots of mouths to feed. That’s why we do the economically ____37____ (reason) thing when we move to the city: we have fewer kids. Growing ____38____ (urban) is one of the key drivers of declining birth rates. Moving from the country to the city ____39____ (change) the economic rewards and punishments for having large families. Urban women have access to good education, ____40____ (allow) the pursuit of professional growth and personal goals, thus some choose to delay starting a family or having smaller families. The biggest consequence of declining birth rates is a rapidly ____41____ (age) population. This challenges social welfare systems, healthcare, and pension schemes(养老金计划). Declining birth rates can also have impact ____42____ the labor market and economic productivity. A smaller workforce may lead to labor ____43____ (short), skill gaps, and reduced innovation, ____44____ should concern all authorities. Authorities ____45____ (suppose) to encourage the childbearing population to have more babies, and meanwhile reduce the costs of parenting and the burden for supporting the elderly. 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校上周组织了研学之旅——参观了当地的一个自然保护区。请就此活动给报社写一篇英文报道， 内容包括： 1. 活动情况； 2. 活动反响 ★注意： 1. 词数不少于100； 2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整故事。 Three boys and three girls were going to the beach. When they boarded the bus, they were carrying sandwiches and wine, dreaming of golden beaches. Suddenly, they noticed Vingo. He sat in front of them, eyes fixed upon a photo, completely in silence. Deep into the night, the bus pulled into Howard Johnson’s, a service area, and everybody got off except Vingo. The young people began to wonder about him. When they came back, one of the girls sat beside him and introduced herself. “Want some wine?” she said. He smiled and took a swig from the bottle. He thanked her and became silent again. The next morning, they awoke outside another Howard Johnson’s, and this time Vingo went in. The girl insisted that he join them. He ordered black coffee and some cookies. When they returned, the girl sat with Vingo again. After a while, slowly and painfully, he began his story. He had been in prison for the past four years, and now he was going home. “Are you married?” “I don’t know.” “You don’t know?” she said. “Well, when I was in prison I wrote to my wife,” he said, “I told her that I was going to be away for a long time, and that if she couldn’t stand it, if the kids kept asking questions, and if it hurt her too much, she could just forget me. I’d understand. ‘Get a new guy.’ I said. She’s a wonderful woman. I told her she didn’t have to write me. And she didn’t. Not for three and a half years.” “And you’re going home now, not knowing?” “Yeah. Well, last week, when I was sure the parole (假释) was coming through, I wrote her again. We used to live in Brunswick, and there’s a big oak (橡树) tree just as you come into town. I told her that if she didn’t have a new man and if she’d take me back, she should put a yellow handkerchief on the tree, and I’d get off and come home．If she didn’t want me, forget it — no handkerchief and I’d go on through.” “Wow,” the girl exclaimed, “wow.” She told the others, and soon all of them were in it. 注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph 1： Looking at the photo, the young people found a young woman and three children in it. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： Vingo sat there amazed, staring at the oak tree. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力：1—5 CACBA 6—10 BCCAA 11—15 CBABB 16—20 CACBB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 新余一中2024-2025学年上学期高二年级第二次段考 英语试题 卷面总分：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt? A. £ 19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C. 1. What does the man say about Jack? A. He’s serious. B. He’s responsible. C. He’s humorous. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Cousins. C. Uncle and niece. 3. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Who to cook a meal. B. Where to buy some vegetables. C. What to have for lunch. 4. Where are probably the speakers? A. In the car shop. B. In the toy shop. C. In the clothing shop. 5. What does the man usually do in his spare time? A. Do some exercise. B. Play video games. C. Play chess with his grandfather. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the man apologize? A. For not going to the amusement park. B. For not attending the parent-teacher meeting. C. For not explaining the reason in time. 7. What subject is the woman probably bad at? A. Math. B. English. C. Physics. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where does the conversation take place? A. At the woman’s home. B. At a wedding. C. On the phone. 9. When will Rose arrive at Tom’s house? A. On June 30th. B. On July 1st. C. On July 2nd. 10. What is Tom likely to do next? A. Answer the door. B. Call his friend. C. Send out an invitation. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is Max’s purpose of going to Europe? A. To work. B. To study. C. To travel. 12. Which country is Max in? A. Belgium. B. France. C. Switzerland. 13. What will Rita do next? A. Tell the man an account. B. Take some pictures. C. Share her videos. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What does Louis help the woman carry? A. The chair and the camera. B. The box and the umbrella. C. The camera and the box. 15. How many times did Louis go to the gym this week? A. Seven times. B. Six times. C. Twice. 16. What did Louis probably do today? A. He had his hair cut. B. He cleaned his house. C. He talked with the elderly. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where was Randy Bachman’s guitar stolen? A. In Canada. B. In America. C. In Japan. 18. How did Randy Bachman make money to buy the guitar? A. By singing songs. B. By selling cars. C. By looking after children. 19. What did William Long think of finding Randy Bachman’s guitar? A. It was meaningless. B. It was hopeful. C. It was impossible. 20. How much did Takeshi pay for Randy Bachman’s guitar? A. $400. B. $6,300. C. $85,000. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Body language is important for communication in every language. Unlike simple actions, body language is more focused on conveying emotions, with strong cultural differences. If you really want to be fluent and communicate effectively with English speakers, you will need to understand what types of body language they use. What Exactly is Body Language? Body language is the movement of facial features or body parts, which intentionally (有意地) or unintentionally express thoughts and attitudes. Here are three key types: Facial expressions: A smile, a slight frown or a straight face are all different expressions that add another layer of meaning to what you are saying. Eye contact is an especially significant of body language that you need to pay attention to while speaking English or listening to someone else. Hand gestures: When you talk, do you move your hands around or do you keep them at your side? Folded arms, hands on hips or hands in pockets can create different messages even if you are saying the same words. Body position: The position of your body also means a lot. Leaning forward while somebody is speaking or how far you stand apart from your audience----it all matters. How to Practice English Body Language While learning how to speak English takes a lot of work, from mastering grammar to perfecting pronunciation, body language requires the same attention and investment. What makes it even more tough is that body language varies from culture to culture. For example, did you know that in Bulgaria, people nod their heads up and down to mean “no”? Therefore, you need to learn body language from real native English speakers. But how can you practice if you are not currently living with English speakers or in an English-speaking region? 1. Which of the following is a facial expression? A. Giving your brother a bear hug. B. Saying hello to your friend. C. Nodding to your boss in the meeting. D. Raising your eyebrows on seeing a dog. 2 What causes more difficulties in learning body language? A. The cultural differences. B. The changing gestures. C. A lack of communication. D. A lack of professional training. 3. What will be written in the following paragraphs? A. The approaches of living in Europe B. The advantages of body language. C. The ways of practicing body language. D. The problems of learning body language. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。肢体语言对于每种语言的交流都很重要。如果你真的想流利地与说英语的人进行有效的交流，你需要了解他们使用哪种类型的肢体语言。本文主要对不同种类的肢体语言给出了定义。 【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据“Facial expressions”部分中“A smile, a slight frown or a straight face are all different expressions that add another layer (层) of meaning to what you are saying.”（一个微笑，一个轻微的皱眉或者一张严肃的脸都是不同的表情，这些表情为你所说的话增加了另一层含义。）可知，包含面部动作都属于肢体动作面部表情，选项D“看到狗就扬起眉毛”。包含眼部的动作，属于面部表情，故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“What makes it even more challenging is that body language varies from culture to culture.”（更具挑战性的是，不同文化的肢体语言各不相同。）可知，文化不同，同样的肢体语言表示的含义也不同，这一点增加了理解肢体语言的困难。故选A。 3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But how can you practice if you are not currently living with English speakers or in an English-speaking region?”（但是如果你现在不和说英语的人住在一起，或者住在一个说英语的地区，你怎么能练习呢？）提出了问题，所以接下来的内容可以介绍练习肢体语言的方法。故选C。 B With light brown eyes and jet-black hair, my mom is my favorite hello and most difficult goodbye. For as long as I can remember, she has been my idol. While working as a judge, she is in pursuit of justice for others. As a mother, friend, and woman, however, she shows a softer side. Her actions show sensitivity, optimism, and kindness unlike any other I have ever known. As an only child, I never received the gift of a sibling (兄弟姐妹) with whom I could share laughs, secrets, or knowing glances from across a room. The older I’ve got, the more I have realized I never needed a sibling, anyway. Back home, my mom and I would wake and have a quick breakfast together, and leave for Jersey City — she is off to work and I went to school. Regardless of cold weather, heavy traffic, or my anxious stomach ache prior to a day of exams, we always had fun. She would tell jokes and we would laugh. With her infectious smile and confident attitude, my mom managed to turn every sad morning of mine into a better day. Now that I am at Rochester, we are separated by nearly 400 miles of sloping highway. I no longer have the chance of looking out a classroom window and seeing her office building standing tall a mile away. Moving away from home was a major shift — and not just because of my new suburban rented room, minimized food options, and much bitter winters. When I am missing my mom especially, I recall the words she told me when I would cry as a young girl: a line from her favorite poem, by author E. E. Cummings. “I carry your heart with me; I carry it in my heart,” she’d smile, wiping away my tears. As I reflect upon that sentence, I can see that there is a piece of my mom with me wherever I go. I guess those 400 miles between the two of us isn’t so distant, after all. 4. What kind of person is the author’s mother? A. She is a strict judge. B. She is a popular poet. C. She is a humorous comedian. D. She is a considerate role model. 5. Why did the author say she never needed a sibling? A. She didn’t like siblings. B. She didn’t want to share a room. C. She was old enough to live alone. D. She was content with her mother’s company. 6. What can we infer about the author’s life at Rochester? A. It is boring. B. It is tough. C. It is unbearable. D. It is unexpected. 7. What is the main idea for the text? A. Fun life of my mother. B. Poems for my mother and me. C. Memory of my separated mother and me. D. Praise for my relationship with my mother. 【答案】4. D 5. D 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者与母亲朋友般的关系让她极其依赖母亲，长大后虽然离开母亲的怀抱，但母亲说过的话让她觉得母亲一直陪伴着她。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“For as long as I can remember, she has been my idol.(从我记事起，她就一直是我的偶像。)”和“Her actions show sensitivity, optimism, and kindness unlike any other I have ever known(她的行为表现出敏感、乐观和善良，这是我所知道的最不同的。)”等都能体现出母亲不仅仅是母亲，是一位善解人意、体贴的人，是“我”的榜样。故选D。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Back home, my mom and I would wake and have a quick breakfast together, and leave for Jersey City—she is off to work and I went to school. (回到家，我和妈妈会醒来一起吃早餐，然后去泽西城——她去上班，我去上学。)”和“With her infectious smile and confident attitude, my mom managed to turn every sad morning of mine into a better day.(凭借她富有感染力的微笑和自信的态度，我妈妈设法把我每个悲伤的早晨变成了美好的一天。)”可知，妈妈每天都陪伴我，并用自己积极的态度感染我，让“我”开心，所以“我”没有兄弟姐妹也不觉得遗憾。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Moving away from home was a major shift- and not just because of my new suburban digs, minimized food options, and much harsher winters.(离开家是一个重大的转变——不仅仅是因为我在郊区的新住所，尽量减少了食物的选择，以及更艰难的冬天。)”可知，“我”在 Rochester的生活艰难。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章内容以最后一句“As I reflect upon that sentence, I can see that there is a piece of my mom with me wherever I go. I guess those 400 miles between the two of us isn’t so distant, after all.(当我回想这句话时，我可以看到，无论我走到哪里，都有一个我妈妈的影子和我在一起。我想我们俩之间的400英里毕竟并没有那么远。)”可知本文主要讲的是作者和她妈妈之间的和谐关系，她非常喜欢这种关系并受到这种关系的积极影响。D项“赞美我和妈妈的关系”适合作本文主旨。故选D。 C Scientists near San Francisco work to identify a type of endangered fish using a tool that was originally made for treating cancer. Currently, CRISPR is used to change the genetic material in specific cells. By changing the structure of immune cells, it helps recognize and fight cancer. The same technology is now used in a special machine called Sherlock, which, of course, is named after the famous investigator Sherlock Holmes. They do not, however, use Sherlock to change fish cells. Instead, the ocean researchers catch the fish, collect a small amount of mucus (黏液) and then test the cells to find the genetic makeup of the fish. It can be done in about 30 minutes. In the past, the researchers would have to wait weeks or months to get test results. The researchers have found that the technology is extremely helpful when looking at different species of Chinook salmon, because they look nearly the same. However, some of them are endangered, and the scientists need to keep track of them. In the past, the scientists would catch the Chinook salmon and measure them to tell them apart. “It’s not very accurate,” said Andrea Schreier, an associate professor at the University of California in Davis. Now she is working on the salmon. Schreier said when they catch the fish, the Sherlock machine can quickly tell them if they have one of the special salmon. It’s important because it allows the scientists to do things that will help the endangered salmon live longer. For example, they can catch them in lakes far away from the coast and take them by truck to the San Francisco Bay. In the past, the fish might have tried to make it to the Bay by swimming in rivers. However, due to climate change, the river water is sometimes too warm for the fish to make the trip safely. Schreier said she feels good about the project because she likes being able to assist with conservation. “I really want to work to maintain our ecosystems and our native populations as much as possible, given all of the pressures that we humans place on them through our different activities.” 8. Which of the following best describe the technology? A. Immature. B. Efficient. C. Inaccurate. D. Economical. 9. What do the new technology and the traditional way have in common? ‘ A. They test the fish mucus to tell them apart. B. They are carried out by researchers in the lab. C. They help researchers tell different salmons apart. D. They originally aimed at detecting cancer. 10. What can be inferred about the Chinook salmons? A. They will soon die out. B. They are of the same size. C. They are now well protected. D. They are used to cool water. 11. What do we know about Andrea Schreier from the text? A. She thinks humans are greatly pressured. B. She can now spend less time on her work. C. She is rather devoted to the conservation. D. She thinks her work needs improvement. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一种叫作Sherlock的机器以及其所使用的CRISPR技术。科研人员通过该技术能够更快更准确地辨别特定种类——濒危的奇努克鲑鱼，以达到更好的保护作用。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“It can be done in about 30 minutes. In the past, the researchers would have to wait weeks or months to get test results.(大约30分钟就可以完成。在过去，研究人员需要等待数周或数月才能得到测试结果。)”可知，这项技术大约30分钟就可以完成，比以往数周或数月才能得到测试结果要有效率。故选B项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“Instead, the ocean researchers catch the fish, collect a small amount of mucus and then test the cells to find the genetic makeup of the fish.(相反，海洋研究人员抓住鱼，收集少量粘液，然后测试细胞，以找到鱼的基因组成。)”以及第三段内容“The researchers have found that the technology is extremely helpful when looking at different species of Chinook salmon, because they look nearly the same.(研究人员发现，这项技术在观察不同种类的奇努克鲑鱼时非常有用，因为它们看起来几乎一样。)”可知，新的CRISPR技术可以帮助观察不同种类的鲑鱼，即区分它们；文章第四段内容“In the past, the scientists would catch the Chinook salmon and measure them to tell them apart.(在过去，科学家们会捕捉奇努克鲑鱼并测量它们来区分它们。)”可知，旧方法也会用来区分不同种类的鲑鱼。因此可推知，新旧方法共同点在于帮助研究人员区分不同的鲑鱼。故选C项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容“However, due to climate change, the river water is sometimes too warm for the fish to make the trip safely. (然而，由于气候变化，河水有时太热，鱼无法安全航行。)”可知，气候变暖导致河水变热，使得鱼类迁徙变得危险，由此可推知，这种鱼适宜在较凉爽的水域中生存。故选D项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段内容Andrea Schreier 的话“I really want to work to maintain our ecosystems and our native populations as much as possible, given all of the pressures that we humans place on them through our different activities.(我真的希望尽可能地维护我们的生态系统和我们的地方种群，因为我们人类通过不同的活动给它们施加了所有的压力。)”可知，Andrea Schreier想要尽力维持生态系统和地方种群的稳定，即，她对自然保护工作十分投入。故选C项。 D One of the greatest killers in the Western world is heart disease. The death rate from the disease has been increasing at an alarming speed for the past thirty years. Today in Britain, for example, about four hundred people a day die of heart disease. Medical experts know that people can reduce their chances of getting heart disease b exercising regularly, by not smoking, by changing their diets, and by paying more attention to reducing stress in their work. However, Western health-care systems are still not paying enough attention to the prevention of the disease. There is a need for more programs to educate the public about the causes and prevention of heart disease. Instead of supporting such programs, however, the U. S. health-care system is spending large sums of money on the surgical treatment of the disease after it develops. This emphasis on treatment clearly has something to do with the technological advances that have taken place in the past ten to fifteen years. In this time, modern technology has enabled doctors to develop new surgical techniques. Many operations that were considered impossible or too risky a few years ago are now performed every day in U. S. hospitals. The result has been a huge increase in heart surgery. Although there is no doubt that heart surgery can help a large number of people, some people point out that the emphasis on the surgical treatment of the disease has three clear disadvantages. First, it attracts interest and money away from the question of prevention. Second, it causes the costs of general hospital care to rise. After hospitals buy the expensive equipment that is necessary for modern heart surgery, they must try to recover the money they have spent. To do this, they raise costs for all their patients, not just those patients whose treatment requires the equipment. The third disadvantage is that doctors are encouraged to perform surgery even on patients for whom an operation is unnecessary — because the equipment and expert skills are there. A government office recently stated that major heart surgery was often performed even though its chances of success were low. In one type of heart surgery, for example, only 15 percent of patients improved their conditions after the surgery. However, more than 100,000 of these operations are performed in the United States every year. 12. What effect has modern technology had on medicine? A. It has reduced the costs of medical treatment. B. It hasn’t helped save any patients. C. It has encouraged doctors to do more heart surgery. D. It has helped educate people about the prevention of heart disease. 13. What does the underlined word “recover” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Boost. B. Spring up. C. Get back. D. Pick up 14. The author would agree that ______. A. more money should be spent on the prevention of heart disease B. heart surgery has helped most patients improve their conditions C. modern technology has made heart surgery more risky than before D. the public have known a great deal about the causes of heart disease 15. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. The Greatest Killer in the West B. Heart Disease: Treat or Prevent? C. Old Technology and Heart Surgery D. Heart Surgery: Merits 【答案】12. C 13. C 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了西方国家心脏病问题，包括其高死亡率、预防措施的不足以及现代技术对心脏病治疗的影响，同时指出了过分强调手术治疗存在的弊端。 12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“This emphasis on treatment clearly has something to do with the technological advances that have taken place in the past ten to fifteen years. In this time, modern technology has enabled doctors to develop new surgical techniques. Many operations that were considered impossible or too risky a few years ago are now performed every day in U. S. hospitals. The result has been a huge increase in heart surgery.(这种对治疗的重视显然与过去10到15年发生的技术进步有关。在这段时间里，现代技术使医生能够开发出新的手术技术。许多几年前被认为是不可能或太危险的手术现在每天都在美国的医院里进行。结果是心脏手术的数量大幅增加)”可知，现代技术使得医生能够开发新的手术技术，从而导致了心脏手术数量的巨大增加。因此，现代技术对医学的影响是鼓励医生进行更多的心脏手术。故选C项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“After hospitals buy the expensive equipment that is necessary for modern heart surgery, they must try to recover the money they have spent.(在医院购买了现代心脏手术所需的昂贵设备后，他们必须设法recover所花费的钱)”和下文“To do this, they raise costs for all their patients, not just those patients whose treatment requires the equipment.(为了做到这一点，他们提高了所有病人的费用，而不仅仅是那些治疗需要设备的病人)”可知，医院提高了所有病人的费用是为了“赚回”购买昂贵设备所花费的钱，即“get back”。故选C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“First, it attracts interest and money away from the question of prevention.(首先，它使人们的兴趣和资金从预防问题上转移开)”以及整段内容对手术治疗弊端的讨论可知，作者认为当前过分强调手术治疗而忽视了预防，因此可以推断出作者会同意“应该在预防心脏病上投入更多的资金”这一观点。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了心脏病作为西方国家的主要杀手，其预防措施的不足以及现代技术对心脏病治疗的影响，同时指出了过分强调手术治疗存在的弊端。因此，文章的核心议题是心脏病的治疗与预防之间的关系。B项“Heart Disease: Treat or Prevent?(心脏病：治疗还是预防？)”最能概括文章主旨，作为标题最合适。A项“The Greatest Killer in the West(西方最大的杀手)”只涉及了文章的部分内容，没有涵盖治疗与预防的讨论；C项“Old Technology and Heart Surgery(旧技术和心脏手术)”与文章内容不符，因为文章讨论的是现代技术对心脏手术的影响；D项“Heart Surgery: Merits(心脏手术：优点)”只涉及了手术治疗的一方面，没有涵盖预防的重要性。故选B项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When we are kids we laugh a lot. But as we become adults, it is much more difficult to laugh so easily. Do you laugh too little in your life? Do you remember how you used to laugh before, as a child? ___16___ . It’s a great way to relax, not just on a purely emotional level, but also physically. It can reduce our blood pressure. It also contributes to the release of hormones (荷尔蒙) that are good for our health. ___17___ . It helps us feel more at ease around new people and also connects us with others. Sometimes, you might feel like there is not much cause to laugh. Life can be tough. But laughter is, if not the best medicine, a good support to have for tough times and for good times as well. So you should allow yourself to laugh as you used to. A good idea is to give yourself permission to play. Play is a natural activity that promotes a lot of laughter, whether it's through video games, outdoor games, or board games. ___18___ . Laughter comes from being with others. ___19___ . Hang out with family members that are nice to be around, with whom you can have fun, laugh, and enjoy yourself. Give your time to those who can share your laughter. More than anything, learn to develop humor. ___20___ . Laugh at your mistakes and learn to laugh at yourself. Then you will be surprised by the changes you will see in your life. A. You don’t have to be mean B. Laughter has a lot of benefits C. Don’t take yourself too seriously D. Try to see your friends more often E. Watch videos to help you correct your mistakes F. In addition to these, laughing has a social function G. Just discover what you like to play and have fun with it 【答案】16. B 17. F 18. G 19. D 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了笑的好处和如何制造让我们笑的场合。 【16题详解】 根据空后“It’s a great way to relax, not just on a purely emotional level, but also physically. It can reduce our blood pressure. It also contributes to the release of hormones (荷尔蒙) that are good for our health.(这是一种很好的放松方式，不仅在纯粹的情感层面上，而且在身体上。它可以降低我们的血压。它还有助于荷尔蒙的释放，这对我们的健康有益)”可知，本段是说笑的好处，B项“笑有很多好处”适合作本段的主题句。故选B。 【17题详解】 根据空前“It can reduce our blood pressure. It also contributes to the release of hormones (荷尔蒙) that are good for our health.(它可以降低我们的血压。它还有助于荷尔蒙的释放，这对我们的健康有益)”及空后“It helps us feel more at ease around new people and also connects us with others.(它帮助我们在陌生人面前感到更自在，也让我们与他人联系起来)”可知，F项“除了这些以外，笑还有社交功能”符合语境。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据空前“A good idea is to give yourself permission to play. Play is a natural activity that promotes a lot of laughter, whether it's through video games, outdoor games, or board games.(一个好主意是允许自己去玩。玩耍是一种自然的活动，可以带来很多笑声，无论是通过电子游戏、户外游戏还是棋盘游戏)”可知，本段是说允许自己玩，并列举了几种游戏，G项“发现你喜欢玩的游戏，并从中获得乐趣”符合语境。故选G。 【19题详解】 根据空前“Laughter comes from being with others.(笑声来自和别人在一起)”及空后“Hang out with family members that are nice to be around, with whom you can have fun, laugh, and enjoy yourself.(和你喜欢的家人一起出去玩，和他们在一起你可以玩得开心，开怀大笑，享受自己)”可知，本段是关于和别人在一起，下文提到了家人，D项“尽量多见见你的朋友”符合语境。故选D。 【20题详解】 根据空前“More than anything, learn to develop humor.(最重要的是，学会培养幽默感)”及空后“Laugh at your mistakes and learn to laugh at yourself.(对自己的错误笑一笑，学会自嘲)”可知，本段是说学会幽默，对自己的错误一笑置之，不要太认真，C项“别太把自己当回事”符合语境。故选C。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was born legally blind. Of all the stories of my early childhood, the one about a ____21____ is my mother’s favorite. I was only two when the ____22____ occurred. We had just arrived home from a trip. Mom lifted me out of the car and ____23____ to speak to the driver. I took advantage of my brief ____24____ to dash across the lawn (草坪)-and hit a large maple tree! I was running so fast that I bounced off the trunk and ____25____ on my backside. Mom expected me to start crying, but I just sat there for a minute. Then I ____26____ myself up and kept right on going. Mom always ____27____ here that, as many times as I dashed across the lawn after that, I never again ____28____ into that tree. Mom loves to use this story as an ____29____. It reminds her that children don’t enter life ____30____ to take risks or unwilling to try again when they fall down. She never wanted me to lose that ____31____ as I grew older. When I made my major life decisions, I was still that little girl tearing ____32____ across the lawn. I studied abroad and later moved away from my parents’ home to look for a job, Through years of ____33____, I have become a respected teacher in a school serving high-need students. We are almost certain to get ____34____ at some point during the process of achieving our goal. When that happens, don’t sit in the grass and ____35____. Just get up and keep on going. It will all be worth it in the end. 21. A. trip B. race C. tree D. driver 22. A. incident B. change C. illness D. problem 23. A. feared B. refused C. forgot D. turned 24. A. delay B. absence C. freedom D. rest 25. A. landed B. slept C. laughed D. wept 26. A. woke B. picked C. warmed D. gave 27. A. adds B. replies C. admits D. supposes 28. A. crashed B. broke C. climbed D. looked 29. A. answer B. example C. excuse D. order 30. A. able B. ashamed C. afraid D. anxious 31. A. honesty B. toughness C. kindness D. curiosity 32. A. ice-breaking B. eyes-opening C. full-speed D. absent-minded 33. A. memories B. efforts C. research D. experience 34. A. mixed up B. fed up C. knocked down D. settled down 35. A. play B. relax C. dream D. cry 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者天生就是盲人，两岁时有一天趁妈妈不注意，飞快地跑过草坪，却不小心撞到了一棵树上。跌倒后的作者并没有坐在原地哭泣，而是爬起来继续跑，并且以后再也没有撞到那棵树。这种不怕冒险、遇到挫折仍勇于尝试的精神一直伴随着作者的生活、学习和工作。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我所有的早期童年故事中，关于一棵树的故事是我妈妈最喜欢的。A. trip旅途；B. race赛跑；C. tree树；D. driver司机。根据后文的“hit a large maple tree”以及后文的“Mom loves to use this story as an 　　9　　 .”可知，作者的妈妈喜欢用作者撞“树”这个故事来举例。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这事件发生时我只有两岁。A. incident事件；B. change改变；C. illness疾病；D. problem问题。根据后文“We had just arrived home from a trip. Mom lifted me out of the car and 　　3　　　to speak to the driver. I took advantage of my brief 　　4　　 to dash across the lawn (草坪)-and hit a large maple tree!”可知，此处作者在描述事情发生的经过，因此此处指的是作者两岁时发生的“事件”。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈把我抱下车，转身和司机说话。A. feared害怕；B. refused拒绝；C. forgot忘记；D. turned转身。根据前文“Mom lifted me out of the car”以及后文“I took advantage of my brief　　4　　 to dash across the lawn (草坪)-and hit a large maple tree! ”可知，此处作者母亲应该是抱作者下车后“转身”去和司机说话，作者才有机会独自跑开。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我利用短暂自由奔跑穿过草坪，结果撞上了一棵大枫树！A. delay延误；B. absence缺席；C. freedom自由；D. rest休息。根据前文“I took advantage of”以及后文的“dash across the lawn(草坪)—and hit a large maple tree!”可知，作者当时应该是趁大人不注意时，即在获得短暂的“自由”时，一溜烟就跑开了。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跑得太快了，以至于树干把我弹了回来，屁股着地。A. landed降落，着陆；B. slept睡觉；C. laughed笑；D. wept哭泣。根据前文“I was running so fast that I bounced off the trunk”以及后文“Mom expected me to start crying, but I just sat there for a minute.”可知，作者跑得太快以至于撞到了树，然后摔在地上，所以妈妈才觉得我会哭，因此此处指的是作者摔了个屁股“着地”。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我站起来，继续前进。A. woke醒来；B. picked拿起，挑选；C. warmed温暖；D. gave给。根据前文“I just sat there for a minute”以及后文“kept right on going”可知，作者摔了不仅没有哭，还自己站了起来。pick oneself up意为“（跌倒后）爬起来”。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈总是在这里补充说，从那以后，当我跑过草坪的时候，我再也没有撞到那棵树上。A. adds补充；B. replies回复；C. admits承认；D. supposes认为。根据后文“Mom loves to use this story as an 　　9　　. ”可知，妈妈总是那这个故事来做例子，因此每次一讲到这里，妈妈就会“补充”说后面的内容。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈总是在这里补充说，从那以后，当我跑过草坪的时候，我再也没有撞到那棵树上。A. crashed碰撞；B. broke打破；C. climbed爬；D. looked看。根据前文“I took advantage of my brief 　　4　　　to dash across the lawn (草坪)-and hit a large maple tree!”可知，自从那以后，作者再也没有“碰撞”到那棵树了。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈喜欢用这个故事作为例子。A. answer回答；B. example例子；C. excuse借口；D. order命令。根据后文“She never wanted me to lose that 　　11　　 as I grew older. ”以及语境可知，母亲从作者撞树的事件中看到了作者的坚韧品质，所以经常用这件事举“例子”激励作者。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它提醒她，孩子进入生活时，不会害怕冒险，也不会在跌倒时不愿再尝试。A. able能的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. afraid害怕的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据前文“I took advantage of my brief 　　4　　　to dash across the lawn (草坪)-and hit a large maple tree!”可知，作者并不“害怕”冒险所以才撞到树上，再结合本句中的or可知，此空与后面的unwilling并列，表示“不敢，害怕”。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不希望我长大后失去那种韧性。A. honesty诚实；B. toughness韧性；C. kindness善良；D. curiosity好奇。根据前文“Then I 　6　　myself up and kept right on going”可知，作者这种遇到挫折还继续前进的精神是一种韧性，因此作者妈妈希望作者能保持这种“韧性”。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我做出人生重大决定时，我还是那个全速穿过草坪的小女孩。A. ice-breaking破冰的；B. eyes-opening开眼的；C. full-speed全速的；D. absent-minded心不在焉的。根据前文“I was running so fast that I bounced off the trunk”可知，这里指作者还是那位“全速”穿过草坪的小女孩。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过多年的努力，我已经成为一个受人尊敬的老师，在一所学校服务的有高需求的学生。A. memories回忆；B. efforts努力；C. research研究；D. experience经历。根据前文“I studied abroad and later moved away from my parents’ home to look for a job.”可知，作者努力学习，经过一番“努力”奋斗，才成为了老师。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在实现目标的过程中，我们几乎肯定会在某个时候被击倒。A. mixed up混淆；B. fed up厌烦；C. knocked down击倒；D. settled down定居。根据前文“I was running so fast that I bounced off the trunk and 5 on my backside.”以及后文“When that happens, don’t sit in the grass and 　　15　　. Just get up and keep on going. ”可知，在实现目标的过程中，总会有挫折，knock down意为“击倒，撞倒”，此处喻指受挫。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这种情况发生时，不要坐在草地上哭泣。A. play玩；B. relax放松；C. dream梦想；D. cry哭。根据前文“Mom expected me to start crying,”以及语境可知，这里指不要坐在草地上“哭泣”，而应站起来继续走。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Almost every country has seen a decline in birth rates in the last 60 years, with some declines more incredible than others. As countries progress and living standards improve, there is ____36____ shift in social norms (规范) and expectations. Many children on the farm means lots of free hands to do the work. Many children in the city means lots of mouths to feed. That’s why we do the economically ____37____ (reason) thing when we move to the city: we have fewer kids. Growing ____38____ (urban) is one of the key drivers of declining birth rates. Moving from the country to the city ____39____ (change) the economic rewards and punishments for having large families. Urban women have access to good education, ____40____ (allow) the pursuit of professional growth and personal goals, thus some choose to delay starting a family or having smaller families. The biggest consequence of declining birth rates is a rapidly ____41____ (age) population. This challenges social welfare systems, healthcare, and pension schemes(养老金计划). Declining birth rates can also have impact ____42____ the labor market and economic productivity. A smaller workforce may lead to labor ____43____ (short), skill gaps, and reduced innovation, ____44____ should concern all authorities. Authorities ____45____ (suppose) to encourage the childbearing population to have more babies, and meanwhile reduce the costs of parenting and the burden for supporting the elderly. 【答案】36. a 37. reasonable 38. urbanization 39. changes 40. allowing 41. aging 42. on 43. shortages 44. which 45. are supposed 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要分析全球出生率下降的原因和影响。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：随着国家的进步和生活水平的提高，社会规范和期望也在发生变化。由于shift是可数名词单数，且这里表示泛指，shift为辅音因素开始的单词，因此前面需要加不定冠词a。故填a。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这就是为什么当我们搬到城市时，我们会做经济上合理的事情：我们的孩子更少。此空应填形容作定语，修饰后面名词，easonable，表“合理的”，为形容词，符合句意。故填reasonable。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：日益增长的城市化是出生率下降的关键驱动因素之一。此空应填名词作主语，urbanization，表“城市化”，为不可数名词，符合句意。故填urbanization。 【39题详解】 考查时态。句意：从农村搬到城市改变了对大家庭的经济奖惩。此空应填谓语动词，主语Moving from the country to the city，为动名词，与change为主动关系，且这里时态应与前后保持一致用一般现在时。故填changes。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：城市女性有机会接受良好的教育，可以追求职业成长和个人目标，因此一些人选择推迟组建家庭或组建更小的家庭。此空考查非谓语，前面句子与allow为主动关系，再由句意可知，这里应用现在分词作状语。故填allowing。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：出生率下降的最大后果是人口迅速老龄化。此空应填形容词作定语，修饰后面名词，aging，表“老龄化的”，为形容词，符合句意。故填aging。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：出生率下降也会对劳动力市场和经济生产力产生影响。这里考查have an impact on sth.，表“对……有影响”，为固定搭配。故填on。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：劳动力减少可能导致劳动力短缺、技能差距和创新减少，这应该引起所有当局的关注。此空应填名词作宾语，shortage，表“短缺”，是可数名词，前面没有不定冠词，所以这里应用复数形式shortages。故填shortages。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：劳动力减少可能导致劳动力短缺、技能差距和创新减少，这应该引起所有当局的关注。这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面句子，在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。 【45题详解】 考查时态。句意：当局应该鼓励育龄人口多生孩子，同时降低育儿成本和赡养老人的负担。这里考查谓语动词，be supposed to do sth应该做某事，且这里时态应用一般现在时表客观情况。故填are supposed。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校上周组织了研学之旅——参观了当地的一个自然保护区。请就此活动给报社写一篇英文报道， 内容包括： 1. 活动情况； 2. 活动反响 ★注意： 1. 词数不少于100； 2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Version 1 Last week, our school organized a visit to a local nature reserve, an unforgettable experience for all of us. We observed various rare animals and plants, learning about the importance of protecting them. The guided tour revealed the wonders of the ecosystem, emphasizing the urgency of preserving our natural environment. The feedback from the activity was overwhelmingly positive. Our classmates expressed their gratitude for this enriching experience, which not only broadened their knowledge but also deepened their appreciation for nature. This visit was not just an accumulation of facts; it was a purification of the soul, reminding us to cherish and protect our beautiful planet. Version 2 A study tour to Shennongjia National Nature Reserve A scheduled visit to Shennongjia National Nature Reserve was made by our school last weekend. Themed “Enter the Reserve & Experience the Great Northwest”, the study tour focused on the highland ecosystem and its biodiversity, allowing students to experience the richness of nature up close. Accompanied by a blue sky, white clouds and grass-capped mountains, students watched beautiful animals and learned about the diverse ecosystem such as grasslands, lakes and wetlands. From listening to lectures to participating in fieldwork, all the students said their horizons were broadened. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就学校上周组织学生参观当地的一个自然保护区写一篇短文，报道此次研学之旅。 【详解】1.词汇积累 难忘的：unforgettable→memorable 各种各样的：various→a variety of 强调：emphasize→put emphasis on 珍惜：cherish→treasure 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last week, our school organized a visit to a local nature reserve, an unforgettable experience for all of us. 拓展句：Last week, our school organized a visit to a local nature reserve, which was an unforgettable experience for all of us. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The guided tour revealed the wonders of the ecosystem, emphasizing the urgency of preserving our natural environment.（运用了现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】Our classmates expressed their gratitude for this enriching experience, which not only broadened their knowledge but also deepened their appreciation for nature.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Three boys and three girls were going to the beach. When they boarded the bus, they were carrying sandwiches and wine, dreaming of golden beaches. Suddenly, they noticed Vingo. He sat in front of them, eyes fixed upon a photo, completely in silence. Deep into the night, the bus pulled into Howard Johnson’s, a service area, and everybody got off except Vingo. The young people began to wonder about him. When they came back, one of the girls sat beside him and introduced herself. “Want some wine?” she said. He smiled and took a swig from the bottle. He thanked her and became silent again. The next morning, they awoke outside another Howard Johnson’s, and this time Vingo went in. The girl insisted that he join them. He ordered black coffee and some cookies. When they returned, the girl sat with Vingo again. After a while, slowly and painfully, he began his story. He had been in prison for the past four years, and now he was going home. “Are you married?” “I don’t know.” “You don’t know?” she said. “Well, when I was in prison I wrote to my wife,” he said, “I told her that I was going to be away for a long time, and that if she couldn’t stand it, if the kids kept asking questions, and if it hurt her too much, she could just forget me. I’d understand. ‘Get a new guy.’ I said. She’s a wonderful woman. I told her she didn’t have to write me. And she didn’t. Not for three and a half years.” “And you’re going home now, not knowing?” “Yeah. Well, last week, when I was sure the parole (假释) was coming through, I wrote her again. We used to live in Brunswick, and there’s a big oak (橡树) tree just as you come into town. I told her that if she didn’t have a new man and if she’d take me back, she should put a yellow handkerchief on the tree, and I’d get off and come home．If she didn’t want me, forget it — no handkerchief and I’d go on through.” “Wow,” the girl exclaimed, “wow.” She told the others, and soon all of them were in it. 注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph 1： Looking at the photo, the young people found a young woman and three children in it. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： Vingo sat there amazed, staring at the oak tree. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1： Looking at the photo, the young people found a young woman and three children in it. “What a lovely woman and cute kids!” “Yeah, she is a smart woman who can always make our small house warm and comfortable.” Vingo murmured. With Brunswick approaching, Vingo stopped staring at the photo,tightening his face, as if protecting himself against another disappointment. The young people took over window seats, waiting for the coming of the oak tree. Then Brunswick was ten miles, and then five. All the people opened their eyes wide, waiting for a miracle. Suddenly, they all jumped up from their seats, screaming except Vingo. Paragraph 2： Vingo sat there amazed, staring at the oak tree. It was covered with yellow handkerchiefs, twenty or thirty of them, maybe hundreds, flying in the wind. The oak tree stood like a banner of welcome, blowing in the wind. All the young people were up out of their seats, shouting, crying, doing small dances or shaking fists in triumph. As the young people remained thrilled, Vingo slowly rose from his seat, holding himself tightly, and made his way to the front of the bus to go home. 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了三个男孩和三个女孩在去度假的车上遇到了充满心事的Vingo。当他们偶然得知Vingo在监狱带了四年，现在正在回家的路上，但是他不知道家人是不是会再接受他时，他们和Vingo一起期待挂有黄手绢的橡树。续写的两段的首句已经给出，同学们按照首句内容，再结合自己的想象，将内容展开即可。 【详解】第1步：分析每个段落的写作内容。 由第二段中的The young people began to wonder about him(这些年轻人对他展开想象)可知，The young people指代这群年轻人，由续写第一段首句Looking at the photo, the young people found a young woman and three children in it.(看着照片，这群年轻人看到一个女人和三个孩子)可知，第一段内容围绕这群年轻人的反应进行论述。 由续写第二段首句Vingo sat there amazed, staring at the oak tree.(Vingo大为吃惊地坐在那里，盯着橡树看)可知，这一段围绕橡树与Vingo的反应描写。并且amazed与上文中的protecting himself against another disappointment(保护自己免受另一次失望)呼应，说明Vingo的家人欢迎他回家。 第2步：确定关键词（组），提炼写作要点。如：make our small house warm and comfortable (让我们的小家温暖舒服)，stopped staring at…(停止看……)，protecting himself against…(保护自己)，take over(占领)，opened their eyes wide(睁大他们的眼睛)，be covered with(覆盖满……), make one’s way to(前往某处)等。 第3步：对写作要点遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第4步： 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多句式，如：第一段第三句使用了who引导的定语从句；第一段第四句使用了with的独立主格结构；第一段第五、七、八句都使用了现在分词作状语；第二段第五句使用了as引导的时间状语从句。本文还使用了一些高级词汇，如make our small house warm and comfortable，stopped staring at，protecting himself against，take over，opened their eyes wide，be covered with，make one’s way to等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。 听力：1—5 CACBA 6—10 BCCAA 11—15 CBABB 16—20 CACBB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$