内容正文:
C
第一段:
Is comprehension the same whether a person reads a text onscreen or on paper? 无论一个人是在屏幕上还是在纸上阅读文本,理解力都是一样的吗?
comprehension n理解力 comprehend v理解 comprehensive adj综合性的;有理解力的
And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material? 在阅读同一材料时,听和看内容是否与阅读书面文字一样有效?
as effective as与..一样有效果 effect n影响 affect v影响 effective adj有效果的 efficient adj高效的
The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content.原因与多种因素有关,包括注意力下降、娱乐心态以及在消费数字内容时倾向于多任务处理。
reason n理由v理论
relate v联系;关于 relate to与...相关
related adj相关的
a variety of 各种各样的 various adj各种各样的
factor n因素
include v包含 inclusion n包含
reduced adj减少的 reduce v减少 reduction n减少
mindset n观念模式 mindset change 心态改变
tend v倾向于 tendency n趋势
multitask v使多任务化 multi-多
consume v消耗
digital adj数字的
content n内容 adj满意的
第二段:
When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it’s on paper than onscreen. 当阅读几百个单词或更多的文本时,在纸上学习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功。
several 许多 serve adj严重的
onscreen 屏幕
A large amount of 大量
research 研究
confirm v证实 confirmation n证实,确认
The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text.当实验者从提出简单的任务(如识别阅读文章中的主要思想)转向需要心理抽象的任务(例如从文本中推断)时,印刷阅读的好处尤其明显。
benefit n利益 v有益于 beneficial adj有利益的 particular adj特别的
shine through 清晰可见
pose n姿势 post 发布;发帖子
identify v识别
require v需要 requirement n需要,要求
mental adj精神的
abstraction n抽象,提取 abstract adj抽象的 n摘要
inference v影响 infer v推断
第三段:
The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’s physical properties. 印刷和数字阅读结果之间的差异部分与纸张的物理性质有关。
result 结果
result in 导致
partly 部分地
physical adj身体的;物理意义的
property n所有物,财产
With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. 有了纸,就有了文字上的手,以及不同页面的视觉地理。
literal adj字面上的
along with 和...一起
visual adj视觉的
geography n地理
distinct adj不同的;有区别的
People often link their memory of what they’ve read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page.人们经常将他们对所读内容的记忆与书的深度或页面上的位置联系起来。
link v连接
memory n记忆 memorize v记忆
far into深入
第四段:
But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis (假说)”. 但同样重要的是心理方面。阅读研究人员提出了一种名为“浅化假说”的理论。
equally important同等重要的是
equal adj相等的
aspect n方面
propose v提议;建议
theory n理论
shallow adj浅显的
hypothesis n假说
According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print.
根据这一理论,人们以适合社交媒体的心态处理数字文本,而社交媒体往往不那么严肃,并且比阅读印刷品时投入的精力更少。
theory n理论
approach v接近
suit v适合
serious adj严肃的
devote v献身;致力于
effort n努力 effect n影响
less少的,是little的比较级,最高级是least
第五段:
Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies — say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. 音频和视频比文本更具吸引力,因此大学教师越来越多地转向这些技术——比如,分配一个在线演讲而不是同一个人的文章。
engage v吸引;使参与
turn to 转向
technology n技术
assign v分配;指派
instead of 而不是
However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces.然而,心理学家已经证明,当成年人阅读新闻故事时,他们比听或看相同的文章记得更多的内容。
demonstrate v证明;示范
view 观察;视野
identical adj完全相同的
第六段:
Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. 数字文本、音频和视频都有教育作用,尤其是在提供印刷品中没有的资源时。
role 角色
provide 提供
available 可利用的
in print 印刷
However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.然而,为了在需要心理关注和反思的地方最大限度地学习,教育工作者不应该假设所有媒体都是一样的,即使它们包含相同的单词。
maximize 最大化
reflect 反映 reflection n反映
call for 要求;需要
educate v教育 education n教育 educator n教育者
assume v假设 assumption n假设
contain v包含
identical adj完全相同的
问题和答案:
Seem unlikely to last.似乎不太可能持久 last 最后的,持久的
Seem hard to explain.似乎很难解释
hard adj困难的 hardship n艰难困苦
explain v解释 explanation n解释
Become ready to use.准备好使用
be ready to do准备去做...
use 使用 usage n用法
Become easy to notice.变得容易被注意到
notice v注意到
assume假设
Readers treat digital texts lightly.读者对数字文本持轻视态度
treat
Digital texts are simpler to understand.数字文本更容易理解
People select digital texts randomly.人们随机选择数字文本
Digital texts are suitable for social media.数字文本适合社交媒体
Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers?为什么大学教师越来越多地使用音频和视频
hold one’s attention.吸引某人的注意力
They are more convenient to prepare.它们准备起来更方便
They help develop advanced skills.他们帮助培养高级技能
advanced adj先进的;高级的
They are more informative than text.它们比文本更具有信息性
inform v通知,告知 inform sb of 告知某人某事
information n信息
informative adj提供有用信息的
imply暗示
Students should apply multiple learning techniques.学生们应该运用多种学习技巧
apply v应用 application n应用软件
Teachers should produce their own teaching material.教师应该自己编写教材
produce 生产,引起
Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education.印刷文本在教育中不能完全取代
replace v取代
Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored.课堂外的教育不容忽视
ignore v忽视
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