Unit8重要知识点讲义2024-2025学年牛津译林版英语九年级上册

学员编号： 年 级： 课 时 数： 学员姓名： 陪读内容： 陪读教师： 陪读主题： 九上unit8重要知识点内容 授课时间： 陪读目标 陪读内容 【进门小测】 【互动精讲】 知识点一、detective n. 侦探，警探 detective stories /movies /films /novels 侦探故事/电影/小说 read a detective's report 看一份侦探的报告 That well-known director is filming a detective movie at present. 那个知名导演现在正在导演一部侦探电影 知识点二、dress v.穿衣 n.连衣裙；女装，服装 ①dress sb/oneself 给某人/自己穿衣 Why are you dressed like that?=Why do you dress yourself like that? 你为什么打扮成那样？ ②sb be dressed in=wear=be in clothes/colour 某人穿… On children's day,Children are dressed in/ wear beautifal clothes. 在儿童节，孩子们穿漂亮的衣服。 ③sb be dressed well/beautifully/neatly 某人穿地好/漂亮/整洁 ④dress up as 装扮成……的样子 They all dress up as doctors. 他们都打扮成医生模样。 知识点三、clue n.线索 clue可数名词“线索”，既可指帮助警方破案的线索，也可指问题答案的线索 the clue(s)/witness/answer/key/entrance to... ……的线索/证人/答案/关键/出口 the reason for =the cause of ……的原因 the advice/suggestions on =the tips for ……的建议 知识点四、crime crime n.犯罪，罪行 v. 判…罪→criminal adj. 犯罪的，犯法的 n. 罪犯 solve a crime/case 破案 crime novels犯罪方面的小说 crime cases 刑事案件 war criminal战犯 Detective Lu said that the victim was charged with computer crimes in the past. 陆侦探说，受害者过去曾被指控犯有计算机犯罪。 have a criminal record for+罪行 有.…犯罪记录 This guy has had a criminal record for theft before.这个家伙曾有偷盗的犯罪记录。 知识点五、guilty adj. 有罪的；不安的，羞愧的 guilty→guiltier→guiltiest be guilty of..有…….罪/过失 You may even be guilty of one or two yourself. 你甚至可能也犯了一两个错误。 In the same way, we can all be guilty of peace. 以同样的方式，我们也都对和平有罪。 1.In the past, the man was guilty____theft. Now he is charged_____robbing a shop. A. with,with B.of,of C.with,of D.of,with 2.The suspect who was caught this morning is_____murder and he has also been guilty of several ____ crimes before. A.charged with; other B.guilty of ,the other C.curious about, other D.known for; another 知识点六、missing missing adj. 缺少的，丢失的=lost ①be missing/go missing 失踪，丢失 ②the missing words/boy 丢失的单词/男孩 My gold necklace is missing/lost/has gone missing, so I have to ask a detective for help. 我的金项链丢失了，因此我不得不寻求侦探的帮助。 miss v.错过；思念，想念 ①miss the early bus 错过早班车 miss doing sth 错过做某事 ③miss sb very much 非常想念某人 知识点七、breathe v.呼吸 breathe→breath n. 呼吸 breathe heavily=breathe hard呼吸急促 have difficulty breathing= have difficulty with breath 呼吸有问题 out of breath上气不接下气；hold one's breath屏住呼吸 take a deep breath 深呼吸； It's good for our health to breathe (in) fresh air. 呼吸新鲜空气对我们的身体有益。 He couldn't breathe. His chest was on fire. 他无法呼吸。他的胸部火辣辣地疼痛。 知识点八、lie ①v. 躺，平卧 lie down 躺下 He was lying on the bed, smoking a cigarette. 他正躺在床上抽烟。 ②vi. 位于，坐落在→locate The small town lies in the east of Gansu Province. 这个小城镇位于甘肃省的东部。 ③vi. 撒谎 I could tell from her face that she was lying 我可以从她的脸上看出她在撤谎。 ④cn. 谎言 tell a lie 撒谎 tell a lie to sb=lie to sb 对某人撒谎 I always know when he's telling lies. 他撒谎时我总是知道。 拓展:lay v.放，搁；产卵 lay→laid→laid 1. 平躺 lay lain lying 2. 位于 lay lain lying 3. 撒谎 lied lied lying lay后要加名词/代词，作宾语 lie后不加名词 1.In fact, he____ in bed all the morning without doing anything, but he_____to me about that. A.lied, lied B. lay lay C.lied, lay D.lay, lied 2.The man_____on the ground that he had_____his bag on the bus. A.lied, lied, lay B.lying; lied, laid C.lay, lied lain D.lying; lied; lain 知识点九、charge ①v. 控告 charge sb with (doing)sth.→sb. be charged with (doing)sth. 指控某人（做某事） ②v. 充电 charge the battery with electricity 充电 ③v.收费 How much do you charge me for this transformer（变形金刚)？ 这个变形金刚多少钱？ ④n. 负责，掌管 in charge 掌管，掌控 in charge of 主持，掌管 Everything is in charge, so don't worry. 一切都在掌控中，不要担心。 1.The person who was_____ the shop_____the bank robbery. A.charged with; was charged of B. in charge of; was charged with C. in charge with; charged of D.in charge of; charged with 2.-Do you know what the young man was charged_____ ？ -I hear he robbed a woman_____ her bag. A.with,of B.of,with C.for,of D.about,with 知识点十、suppose v.认为，料想，推断 ①be supposed to do sth. = should do sth 应该做某事 We suppose / think / believe / guess that the victim knew his attackers, didn't he? 我们认为这个受害者知道进攻者，是吗？ Who is on duty? (加do you suppose 插入语)-- Who do you suppose is on duty? 你认为谁在值日？ What should I do? (加 do you suppose 插入语)--- What do you suppose I should do?- 你认为我应该做什么？ -Do you think he is guilty of this crime? 你认为他犯了这个罪嘛？ - No, I don't think so. /I suppose not. / I believe not. / I hope not. / I am afraid not. 不，我想没有。 It's late, so I suppose I must go home. 挺晚了，所以我想我必须回家了。 Suppose you lost your job tomorrow, what would you do? 假设你明天丢了工作，你要做什么？ 1.-That young woman must have something to do with the crime, right? - _______. Though she insisted she hadn't done anything against the law. A.In your dreams B.I suppose so. C.I don't think so D.Don't mention it 2.You______ to point at anyone with your chopsticks. It's impolite. A.are supposed B.are not supposed C.can't D.are not suppose 知识点十一、prove vt. 证明，证实 prove sth.证明某事 prove sth to sb.向某人证明某事 prove that+句子 It is proved that + 句子 据证实.. prove sb / sth. / oneself( to be) + n./ adj. He is proved (to be) honest. =It's proved that he is honest. 据证实， 他是诚实的。 She was determined to prove everyone wrong. 她决心证明大家都错了。 1. The show he paid much attention to_____popular at last. A. proved B.prove C.proving D.proves 2. The research Tu Youyou has devoted all her life to_____ to be _______ great value. A.proved; out B.prove, to C proves; of D.proving; with 3. The theory(理论) the scientist devoted himself_____to be true. A.to prove B.to proving C.to be proved D.to proved 知识点十二、confirm vt. 证实，证明；批准 ①confirm sth---sth be confirmed confirm+that 从句 The police will confirm all the victims' appearances this week. 警察这周将会证实所有受害者的相貌。 ② It is confirmed that...据证实… It's confirmed that the man of medium height is the most likely to be a suspect. 据证实，中等身高的那个男人最有可能是个嫌疑犯。 知识点十三、provide v.提供，供应 provide for...供养....；为.....做准备 provide against预防/防备.... provide sb with sth=provide sth for sb 提供某人某物 offer sb sth=offer sth to sb 给予某人某物 supply sb with sth=supply sth to sb 提供某人某物 They can provide us with hot water even at night.他们能在晚上给我们提供热水。 He worked hard to provide for a large family. 他努力工作是为了供养一个大家庭。 The people are getting ready to provide against typhoon. 人们正准备防卫台风。 1.We students can_______food and old clothes to the homeless people,and the teacher can________learning skills for the poor children. A.provide;give B.provide;offer C.offer;give D.give;provide 2.--Would you please provide us_______some information about the accident ？ --Sure. It happened______ the morning of June 5th. A. to;on B.for;in C.with;in D.with;on 3.Our government is trying to provide homeless people________ special shelter_______ stay peacefully. A.with;to B.with;for C.for;to D.for;with 知识点十四、except 1.except “除去，不包括”，不包含除去的内容。前面常有all,every,any,no等词，一般不用于句首。 We all succeeded except Tom. 除了汤姆，我们都成功了。 He usually goes to work by bicycle except when it rains. 除了下雨时，他通常骑自行车上班。 注意：except连接两个主语时，谓语动词与它前面的保持一致。 * Everybody except you looks down upon him. 除了你，所有人都瞧不起他。 2.besides “除…之外（还)”，包含除去的内容。其前常有other,another,any other,a few等词 Besides a father ，she has a younger brother to support. 除了父亲，她还有个弟弟去供养。 She has many good qualities besides being very beautiful. 除了非常漂亮外，她还有许多好的品质。 3.except for表示除了因为…；除去…一点外”的意思，表示“对个人或一件事情，先做整体评价，然后再就局部提出一点看法”，即一部分被肯定，另一部分被否定。判断标志是：除去的和保留的不是同类项。 It was dark in the city except for a few weak lights. 整个城市都很昏暗，只有零星的几点灯光亮着。 4.except that也是“除去..…一点外”的意思，但应注意恰当地使用引导词。若从句句意和结构完整，只需用引导词that，若从句句意和结构不完整，相应用except what/when等。 The suit fitted him well except that the color was a little brighter. 这套衣服非常适合他，就是颜色有点太亮了。 1. Everyone is here______ Tom and Lily. They ______Shanghai. A.except, have been to B. besides have gone to C.except, have been in D.except; have gone to 2.His writing is good_____ some tiny mistakes. A.except B.except for C.besides D.beside 3.-Did you study any other foreign languages _____English when you were at college? -Yes, I studied three. But I have forgotten all_____a few words of each. A. besides; besides B. but; except C.except; except D. besides; except 知识点十五、possible adj. 可能的 possible→impossible adj. 不可能的→possibility n. 可能性→possibly adv. 可能地；也许；大概 强调客观上有可能，但实际可能性很小。作表语时，主语不用人，可用还作形式主语，不定式或从句作真正主语. A new dress would be a possible gift for Mary’s birthday. 一件新衣服可能是送给玛丽的生日礼物。 It is possible that he has left. 可能他已经离开了。 as adj./adv. as possible 尽可能…… You must come here as early as possible.= You must come here as early as you can 你必须尽可能早来。 if possible如果可能的话 Work together,if possible. 如果可能的话，一起工作吧。 拓展:和最高级连用，表“最……不过” They have joined the job market at the worst possible time. 在最糟糕的时候，他们进入了工作市场。 1.Excuse me, Miss Smith, could you tell me how to improve my spoken English? -OK. The best way is to practice _______. A.as soon as possible B.as quickly as possible C. as much as possible D.as clearly as possible 2.-There is such a crowd at the underground station. What happened? -The sudden rain made______ for the workers to work outside. A.that possible B.that impossible C it possible D.it impossible 知识点十六、wound,hurt,injure,harm的用法辨析 1.hurt：表示“肉体或情感上的痛苦，强调疼痛感”。如 Many people were hurt when a bus and a truck collided. 一辆公共汽车和一辆卡车相撞，许多人受了伤。 2.wound：表示“由于剑、刀、枪等锐器造成身体上较严重的外伤，特别是在战争中受伤”。 wound up精神紧张的，焦躁不安的 The soldier was wounded in the arm. 这个士兵的胳膊受伤了。 3.injure,表示“指意外事故或偶发事件造成的伤害”。如： There were two people injured in the car accident. 有两个人在车祸中受了伤。 4.harm：表示“引起疼痛,痛苦或损失，其对象可以是自己,也可以是其他人或物”。 come to no harm 未受到伤害 Our dog won't harm you. 我们的狗不会伤害你的。 1. Luckily, no one_____in the accident. A. hurt B.was hurt C.has hurt D.were hurt 2.An injury caused by knife is usually named as_____，while the pain in one's feeling is called___ . A injury, hurt B wound, hurt C.hurt, wound D.hurt, injury 3.-Many children_____ during the traffic accident last month. -Yes,Something_____ to punish the black school bus. A.were hurt, must be done B.hurt, should do C.were injured, can do D.are injured, can be done 知识点十七、happen/take place的辨析 1.happen强调“偶然”发生或“碰巧”做某事。happen和take place都不 能用于被动语态。 happen to do sth 碰巧做某事 2.take place指事先计划好或预先布置好的某种确定事件的发生。此 外，还可指举行某种活动。 Where did the earthquake happen? 地震是在哪里发生的？ The meeting will take place soon. 会议即将举行。 1. The accident ____on the morning of last Monday. A.happened B was taken place C.took place D.happening 2.-Nick, do you know when the next Olympic games______ ？ -2020 A.will happen B.will be happened C.will take place D. will be taken place 知识点十八、lead to/in/up/off的辨析 1.lead to表示“通到”；“导致”。 2.lead in表示“引导入内“。 3.lead up后面需要加to，表示”（一系列事件）导致，致使，引致;(时间）临近，紧挨在……之前；（把谈话）引向（某个话题）“。 4.lead off表示“开始“。 This road leads to the hotel. 这条路通到旅馆。 Smoking can lead to lung cancer. 抽烟可能导致肺癌。 The usher led the guests in. 招待员把客人引领进来。 I'm leading up to something quite important. 我正要谈到相当重要的部分。 You'll be able to lead up to excellence in life. 你的生命一定会走向卓越。 Who is going to lead off? 谁先起头儿？ 1.The victim's parents have offered a(n) ______for any information that_____to the arrest of the murderer. A.award lead B.reward,leads C.award, leads D.reward; lead 2.The bird's song is______the children_____a wonderful house. A.lead; to B.leading; to C.asks, in D.leading; at 知识点十九、stare at,glance at,glare at,look at的辨析 1.stare at “盯着看；凝视”，因好奇、惊讶而睁大眼睛看，强调长时间盯 着看，有时含有无礼或粗鲁的意味 2.glare at “怒视”，表示“凶狠而且带有威胁性地瞪眼睛“的意思。 3.glance at “瞥见”，强调“匆匆”和“瞥”的短暂。 4.look at “看着”，无感情色彩，强调动作。 It is bad manners to stare at people 瞪着眼睛看人是不礼貌的。 Other passengers glare at him. 因此其他乘客对他怒目而视。 Glancing at the clock she saw that she was late.看了一下钟，她知道她迟到了。 She looked at me and smiled. 她看着我笑了。 1.His sister______at her new toy in amazement 2.He_____ at Bill, ready to teach him a lesson. 3.Have you got time to_____ at this report? 知识点二十、break into/in/down/out的辨析 break→broke→broken ①v.打碎；弄坏；违反，违背 break the law 违法 break the promise 违背诺言 ②n. 短暂休息 take/have a break break down （机器）出故障；坍塌；崩溃 The car broke down. 车出故障了。 break into 强行闯入；突然…… They broke into the prison and set free all the prisoners. 他们强行闯入了监狱，使所有的犯人获得了自由。 break out （战争、火灾、疾病等）突然发生 More than one hundred fires broke out in our city last year. 去年100多次火灾在我们的城市发生。 break up 分裂，破裂；分手 His first marriage broke up. 他的首次婚姻破裂了。 break off 突然停止（讲话等），中断 Talks broke off last week, with each side blaming the other for their failure. 双方的谈判于上周破裂，把自己的失败归咎于对方。 1.-What if the robot_____right as it is serving hot soup or tea? -I can't imagine it. A.breaks out B.breaks down C. breaks up D.breaks into 2.Shall we_____the discussion and have some tea or coffee, please? -You'd better not,I think A break off B.break into C.break up D.break out 3.This morning I overslept. When I got to the bus stop, the driver told me the bus ____ .So I had to walk to school. A.was broken B.has something wrong C.had broken into D.had broken down 知识点二十一、that/who/which引导的定语从句 1、 定语从句的有关概念： 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。（定语从句要用陈述句语序） 如：1)The man who/that lives next to us is a policeman.(关系代词如果在定语从句中做主语，要注意从句中的谓语动单复数要与先行词一致) 2)You must do everything that I do. 在上面两句中的 man 和everything 是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词后面。 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词：that , which ,who (宾格whom ,所有格whose )和关系副词where, when .关系词（关系代词或关系副词）放在先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。也就是说关系词有两个作用： 1.引导定语从句。 2.代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。 二、有关系代词引导的定语从句： 关系代词 例句 That在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时that 可省略) 指物 1.A plane is a machine that can fly. (作主语) 2.The noodles （that） I cooked were delicious. (作宾语) 指人 1.Who is the man that is reading the book over there? (作主语) 2.The girl (that) we saw yesterday was Jim’s sister. (作宾语) Which在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略) 指物 1.The silk which is produced in Hangzhou sells well. (作主语) 2.The songs （which） Liu Dehua sang were very popular. (作宾语) Who, whom在从句中分别作主语和宾语（如果介词放在从句后面，则用whom） 指人 1.The foreigner who visited our class yesterday is from Canada. (作主语) 2.The boy who break the window is called Roy. (作主语) 3.The person to whom you just talked is Mr Li. (作宾语) 4.Mrs White is the person to whom you should write. (作宾语) Whose 在从句中作定语 指人或物的所有格 I like the girl whose hair is long. (作定语) （从表中可以看出：用that 更有通用性） 但是：1）在非限制性定语从句中不能用 that 2) 在介词后面不能用that 三、有关系副词引导的定语从句： 1.先行词是表示地点的名词时（country, school, room…），而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当地点状语，一般用where引导定语从句。也可以用介词＋which的结构。值得注意的是which前介词的选择是根据先行词与介词的搭配关系而定。 The room where(=in which)he used to live has now been turned into museum..　　The desk where(=on which)I put my bag is his. This is the school where(=in which)I joined the Party. 2.先行词是表示时间的名词（year, month, day, night…），而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当时间状语，一般用when引导定语从句。也可以用介词＋which的结构。值得注意的是which前介词的选择是根据先行词与介词的搭配关系而定。 The day when（=on which）he was born was　Aug.20,1952 The year when (=in which) he died was 1982. 比较：1）This is the school which I visited last year. 2) This is the school in which (where) I stayed last year. 3.Why指代原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，可用“for which”来代替。 Is this the reason why /for which she refused our offer? 这就是她拒绝我们的提议的理由吗？ I don't want to listen to any reason why you were absent. 我不想听你缺席的任何理由。 四、定语从句分类 定语从句分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句（又称描述性定语从句）。 1、 限制性定语从句与先行词关系密确，对它有限制作用，因些不可缺少，否则会影响全句的意思，限制性定语从句前面一般不用逗号。 例What is the name of the boy who brought us the letter? 2、非限制性定语从句只与先行词有一种松散的修饰关系，在口语中用停顿的方法表示， 在书面语中用逗号分开，因此从句中的关系代词不能省略。一般用which ,who, where等来引导非限制性定语从句，而不用that 来引导非限制性定语从句。 例1 I like talk with John, who is a clever man. 例2 Water, which is a clear liquid (液体)，has many uses. 五、关于that ;which 用法请注意： ①先行词之前有all, every, any, no ,little, much, few 等词修饰时，或者其本身为all, ,everything, something ,nothing, anything, none；the one；much, few, any, little等不定代词，代替物时，定语从句that用引导，不能用which。(不定代词代替人时，还是用who/whom)　　 　　Is there anything that you want to explain ? 　　Everyone that heard her sad story was moved to tears. In 1898 they declared（声明） that they believed there was something in nature that gave out radiation.(辐射) ②先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词或only, very, the first, the last, the same表示“惟一”观念的形容词等修饰时，定语从句用that引导,不能用which/who/whom。That 可指人，也可指物。 This is the only reason that I can say. This is the first step that can be taken. It is the best one that you may choose. ③ 当主句中有who, which时，而定语从句中也要用到who或which时，为了避免who…who, which…which等重叠，定语从句用that引导。 　 　Who is the man that is standing by the door? Which of the two cows that you keep produces more milk? ④先行词为人和物作并列成分时，定语从句用that引导。 　　 John and his dog that were here a moment ago disappear now. ⑤不论人或物在定语从句中作表语时，用that引导定语从句，而that通常省掉。 　　 He is no longer the man that he was. ⑥先行词是一个短语或者是一个句子时，关系代词用 which (大多数情况是非限制性定语从句) He missed the train ,which annoyed (使。。。恼火) him very much . 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$