内容正文:
Unit 5
过去完成时
01
02
03
04
例 句
基本用法
常用句式
与 其 他 时 态 的 比 较
例 句
He had already known the contents of the document before I told him.
在我告诉他之前,他早已知道了文件的内容。
We hadn’t learned 2,000 words by the end of last term.
到上学期末,我们还没有学到2000个单词。
Had Jane left before I arrived?
我到达之前简就离开了吗?
What had you done before I arrived here?
我来这儿之前,你们做了什么?
基 本 用 法
1. 表示在过去的某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态,即“过去的过去”; 常与by,before等引导的时间状语连用。
The capital had checked all the equipment before the ship set sail.
在轮船启动之前,船长已经检查了所有的设备。
2. 表示从过去某一时间开始,一直延续到过去的另一个时间的动作;常与for,since 引导的时间状语连用。
He said he had made great progress since he came here.
他说自从他来这里之后已经取得了很大的进步。
3. 表示愿望、打算等的动词,如hope, want, expect, think, mean, suppose, intend, plan等后接从句时,一般用过去完成时表示本打算实现而未实现的愿望和计划。
He had wanted to help you but he had no time then.
他本想帮助你的,但当时没有时间。
4. 在表示过去动作先于主句动作发生的宾语从句中,用过去完成时。
He told me he had watched the sunrise at the top of Mount Tai.
他告诉我他已经在泰山顶上看过日出了。
常 用 句 式
在句型hardly…when和no sooner…than中,主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时,表示“一……就……”。
Hardly had finished the work when the light went out.
我刚完成工作,灯就熄灭了。
用于it was the first/second ... time that ... 或 it was +一段时间+since 从句等句型中,从句用过去完成时。
It was the first time that he had organized such an adventure trip.
这是他第一次资质这样的冒险旅行。
It was five months since he had returened.
他回来已经五个月了。
与 其 他 时 态 的 比 较
1. 现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常用来表示与现在仍有联系的过去的事或物。
He has received punishment as a result of telling a lie.
他因为撒谎已经受到了惩罚。
2. 过去完成时表示“过去的过去”,即表示在过去某一时间或动作之前完成的动作,是以过去某一时间为基准的。
He got home and suddenly realized he had left his clothing and keys in the car.
他回到家,突然意识到他把衣服和钥匙落在车上了。
感谢聆听
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