Unit2 Looking into the Future 词汇知识清单-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册

Book 4 Unit 2 Looking into the Future Words and Expressions 【Learning Objective】To master the useful words and expressions in this unit. 1. persuade vt. 劝说;说服 (1) persuade sb. to do sth.＝persuade/talk/argue sb. into doing sth.　 说服某人做某事 (2) persuade sb. not to do sth.＝persuade/talk/argue sb. out of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事 (3) persuade sb. of sth. ＝convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 (4) persuade sb. that ... 使某人相信…… (5) persuasion n. 劝说；说服 persuasive adj. 有说服力的 ①The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people are persuaded (persuade) to eat more fruit and vegetables.  ②We persuaded him out of carrying (carry) out his foolish plan.  ③Neither my wife nor I myself am able to persuade my daughter to change (change) her mind.  2. switch vt. 转换；交换 vi＆vt. (使)改变；转变 n.开关；转换器；改变） (1) switch on＝turn on 　 打开(电灯、无线电等) (2) switch off＝turn off 关上；断掉(电源等) (3) switch from ... to ... 从……转变/换为…… ①Many people switch on their electronic devices simply to kill time. ②To keep safe, we suggest you (should) switch off your mobile phone before boarding. ③He switched the conversation from one subject to another. 3. distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的 (1) in the not-too-distant future/in the distant past 在不久的将来/在遥远的过去 (2) in the distance　 在远处 (3) at/from a distance 隔开一段距离；从远处 (4) at a distance of ... 在……远的距离 (5) keep sb. at a distance 对某人冷淡；与某人疏远 ① We spotted them waving to us at a distance of 100 metres.  ② There are lots of restaurants within walking distance.  ③ In the distance is a tall tree which is said to have a history of over 500 years.  4. secure adj.安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的 vt.获得；拴牢；保护 (1) be/feel secure about 对…有安全感 (2) a secure job/income 稳定的工作/收入 (3) secure/defend/guard/protect…from/against… 保护…免受… (4) insecure adj. 不安全的；缺乏信心的 securely adv. 安全地；安心地；牢固地；有把握地 security n. [U]安全；平安 写出句中secure的词性和含义 ①Foreign tourists feel happily secure while visiting the city. adj.安全的 ②Secure the prisoner so that he won’t escape again. vt.拴牢 ③By strengthening the river banks, the city secured itself against flood. vt.保护 5.instant n.瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；速食的；速溶的 (1) in an instant＝instantly 立刻；马上 (2) for an instant 一瞬间 (3) 表示“一……就……”， 引导时间状从的连词： immediately, directly, instantly, as soon as; hardly...when...; no sooner...than... the moment; the minute; the instant; the second On/Upon doing... ①In an instant, the young man took off his coat and jumped into the water. ②I will tell Tom the good news instantly (instant) I see him. 6. command n. 指令；命令；控制 vt.命令；控制 (1) under one's command 由……指挥 in command of 指挥；控制 have a good command/knowledge of 掌握；精通(尤指语言) take/have command of 控制；掌握 (2) command sb. to do ... 命令某人做…… command that ... (should) do 命令……做…… ①The policeman commanded the thief to hand (hand) in what he had stolen. ②He gave his command that all the reports (should) be finished (finish) by 5:00 pm. 7. catch fire 着火(强调动作，无被动语态) be on fire 着火(强调状态) put out fire 灭火(主语是人) set sth. on fire＝set fire to sth. 点燃某物 make a fire 生火 fight a fire 救火 play with the fire 玩火 ①我的车在路上意外着火了，幸运的是我被一个路人从车里拽出来。 My car __caught fire___ by accident on the road. Fortunately，I was pulled out of the car by a passer­by. ②最终，消防队员扑灭了昨天发生在超市的一场大火。 At last the firefighters _put out the fire___ which broke out yesterday in the supermarket, ③在消防队员到来之前，这座大楼着火着了五分钟。 The building ___was on fire___ for five minutes before the firefighters arrived. ④“我们可以生火，让我们暖和起来，”我建议道。 “We can make a fire and warm ourselves，” I suggested. 8. available adj. 可获得的；可购得的；（人）有空的 (1) be available to do sth. 可以做某事 (2) be available for 可用于... (3) be available for/to sb. 对某人来说是可获得的 (4) available resources 可利用的资源 (5) unavailable adj.无法得到的；难以获得的；忙的 availability n.[U]可获得性；可用/得到的人或物 ① Lockers (寄存柜)are available to store (store) any belongings during your visit. ② There will be four basketball courts available for our use. 9. combine vt.&vi.(使)结合；混合 (1) combine ...with/and ...　 把……与……结合起来 combine...into... 把……合成…… be combined with 与……结合/联合 (2) combination n. 结合；联合；化合(物) in combination (with) (与……)联合/结合 ①You should try to combine exercise with/and a healthy diet. ② Combined (combine) with targets, great efforts can help people realize their full potential. ③The firm is working on a new product in combination (combine) with several overseas partners. 10. predict vt. 预测；预言；预料 (1) predict＋从句 预测…… (2) predict＋n.＋to do... 预测……做…… (3) It is predicted that... 据预测…… (4) prediction n.[C]&[U]预言；预测 predictable adj.可预见的；可预料的 ①____It____ is predicted that solar energy will become the major energy in the future, though it is not quiet sure. ②He said that he could predict an earthquake several days ahead of time but some experts said that the prediction was ridiculous because the earthquake was not predictable .(predict) ③People are predicted (predict) to live longer with the help of advanced medical service. 11. occupation n. 职业;占领 (1) occupy v. 使用；占用；使忙于 occupied adj. 已被占用的；忙于...的 (2) occupy sb./oneself (in) doing sth. 使某人/自己忙于做某事 occupy sb./oneself with sth. 使某人/自己忙于某事 (3) be occupied in doing sth. 忙于做某事 be occupied with sth. 忙于某事 ①As he was occupied in studying (study) the new device, he didn’t reply to me. ②Choosing an occupation (occupy) takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about. ③On long journeys I occupy myself (I) with maths puzzles. 12. oppose vt.反对；抵制；阻挠 (1) oppose (doing) sth.＝object to (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事 (2) opposed adj.反对的；对立的 be opposed to (doing) sth.＝ be against (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事(to为介词) 表示“反对；不赞成”的表达还有： disagree with; be against; object to; hold negative attitudes towards/to. ①A man stood up，signalling that he was strongly opposed ____to____ the plan. ②With a lot of people opposing it，the government had to postpone the new proposal. (oppose) 13. absence n. 不存在;缺乏;缺席 (1) absence from... 缺席……；没参加…… absence of mind 心不在焉 during/in one's absence(＝in the absence of sb.) 当某人缺席的时候 (2) absent adj.缺席的；不在的 be absent from 缺席，不在 absent­minded 心不在焉的 (3) 反义短语be present at 出席，在场 ①__In__ the absence of clear goals, we became strangely loyal to performing daily doings until we become slaves of them. ②I'm sorry for my absence __from__ your birthday party yesterday. I'm writing an essay to be handed in. ③You may rely on it that he is sure to be present ____at____ your graduation ceremony. 14. advocate vt.提倡；支持；拥护n .提倡者；支持者；拥护者 (1) advocate doing sth. 主张/提倡做某事 (2) advocate＋宾语从句(从句谓语should＋动词原形，should可省略) (3) an advocate for/of ……的支持/拥护者 【翻译】 ①We advocate paying more attention to environmental protection. 我们提倡多关注环境保护。 ②I strongly advocate that the children (should) take an active part in sports games. 我强烈倡导孩子们积极参加体育比赛。 【单句语法填空】 ① Many citizens advocate building (build) another primary school in the community. ② Some educators advocated that children should be rewarded for their great performance.(reward) ③ __It__ is advocated that plastic bags should be replaced by cloth or paper bags when shopping. 15. keep in touch (with...) 与……保持联系；了解 get in/into touch with 和……取得联系 lose touch with 和……失去联系；对……变得生疏 be in touch with 同……有联系；了解……的情况 be out of touch with 同……失去联系；与……没有通信 【翻译】 Whenever you need help, I hope you can get in touch with me. 无论你什么时候需要帮助，我希望你能联系我。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$