Unit 4 Body Language Words and Expressions 单词课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册

Unit 4 Body Language Words and Expressions 新人教选必一 vary [ˈveəri] vi.(根据情况)变化；改变 variety n. 变化；种类；多样性 various adj. 各种各样的 (1)vary in sth. 在某方面不同 vary with sth. 随……而变化 vary between...and... 由……到……情况不等 (2)a variety of＝varieties of 许多的；各种各样的 The shape of the moon varies _____ time, _______ (vary) from crescent to full moon. 月亮形状随时间而变化，从新月到满月。 with varying vary [ˈveəri] vi.(根据情况)变化；改变 ①For ________ (vary) reasons, not everyone adopted the plan. ②The variety of wild animals in this area ___________ (decrease) over the past decades. ③Our team, apart from regular training, will join in a variety of ________ (activity), such as participating in some national competitions on behalf of our school. ④由于各种原因，我不愿见他。 __________________________， I'd prefer not to meet him. ＝________________________， I'd prefer not to meet him. ＝________________________， I'd prefer not to meet him. various　 has decreased　 activities　 For various reasons　 For a variety of reasons For varieties of reasons approve [əˈpruːv] vi.赞成；同意　vt.批准；通过 approval n. 赞成, 同意, 批准 approving adj. 赞同的 disapprove v. 不赞成；不同意 (1)approve of 赞成；同意 approve of sb./sb.'s (doing) sth. 同意某人(做)某事 (2)win/earn one's approval 取得某人的同意/赞成 with/without approval of 经/未经……的批准 I would appreciate it if you could approve my application and inform me of the interview. v.(-e) n. 意思 approve arrive survive remove refuse -e→-al approval arrival survival removal refusal 赞同 到达 幸存 去除 拒绝 approve [əˈpruːv] vi.赞成；同意　vt.批准；通过 同意短语： agree with sb. about/ on sth. be in favor of；　　be for sth. 不同意短语： disagree with sb. about/on something； object to doing sth.；　be against sth. disapprove of sth. be opposed to doing sth; oppose doing sth  appropriately adv. 恰当的；合适的  inappropriate adj. 不恰当的；不合适的/for… 适合…… 常考词性转换 高频短语 it is appropriate for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是合适的 it is appropriate that sb. [should]do sth. 某人做某事是合适的 appropriate /əˈprəʊpriət/ adj. 合适的；恰当的 The book was written in a style appropriate ________ the age of the children. It is _______________ (appropriate) to judge a person from his appearance. She says dressing ________________ (appropriate) for interviews helps applicants feel confident. inappropriate inappropriately to/for witness [ˈwɪtnɪs] vt.当场看到；目击；见证　n．目击者；证人 witness sth. 目击了某事 witness to (doing) sth. 证实，证明(做)某事 witness for 为……作证 be a witness to sth. 是某事的证据/证人 bear/give witness to 做……的证人；为……作证 The past ten years have witnessed a complete transformation of my hometown. employ [ɪmˈplɔɪ] vt. 使用; 应用；雇佣 employee n. 受雇者; 雇员 employer n. 雇主; 老板 employment n. 雇用; 使用; 职业 out of employment 失业 employ sb. as ... 雇用某人担任…… employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事 be employed in (doing) sth. 忙于(做)某事; 从事某活动 differ [ˈdɪfə] vi.不同于；相异 different adj. 不同的 difference n. 不同，差别 (1)differ from... 与……不同/有区别 differ in... 在……方面不同 differ with sb. on/about/over sth.与某人在某事上持不同(看法) (2)be different from... 与……不同 make a difference (to...) (对……) 有作用或影响 by comparison/contrast 相比之下，相比较 by comparison (with sth.) 相比之下，(与……)比较起来 in comparison with sth. 与……相比，相比之下 make a comparison 做比较 compare v. 比较 compare... with sth... 把……和……相比 compare... to sth... 把……比喻成…… comparative adj. 比较而言的 by comparison/contrast 相比之下，相比较 ①After months of living in a tropical climate, Spain seemed cool in/by ________ (compare)． ②[2018·天津卷]________ (compare) with / ________ comparison with adults, children are more eager to explore the world around them. ③My favorite season is autumn because the weather is more agreeable ________ comparison with summer. comparison　 Compared　 In　 by/in favour [ˈfeɪvə] vt.更喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同 favourite adj. 最喜爱的 n. 最喜爱的人/物 favourable adj. 赞成的；有利的 do sb.a favour＝do a favour for sb. 帮某人的忙 in favour of... 支持…… ask sb.for a favour＝ask a favour of sb. 请求某人帮忙 in one's favour 对某人有利 Chances always favour those who make adequate preparations. cheek [tʃiːk] n. 面颊; 脸颊 favour [ˈfeɪvə(r)]vt. 较喜欢; 选择; 有利于 n. 帮助; 恩惠; 赞同 bow [baʊ]vi. 鞠躬; 点头 vt. 低(头) n. 弓; 蝴蝶结 waist [weɪst] n. 腰; 腰部 tie a bow waistband waistcoat cheek forehead chin eyelash 睫毛 eyebrow 眉毛 系蝴蝶结 腰带 马甲 break down 消除；分解；打破 break into 强行进入；打断 break off 中断 break out 突发, 爆发 break through 突破, 突围 break up 打碎; 分裂；分手 break away (from) 挣脱；脱离 Getting the teenagers together will help to break down the barriers between them. break down 消除；分解；打破 ①It takes a long time to break down prejudice.________ ②News reports say peace talks between the two countries have broken down with no agreement reached.________ ③With the increasing burden of his work, he finally broke down and had to take a complete rest.________ ④What is known to us all is that the bacteria that live in the soil help to break down our waste.________ 打破　 失败，终止 身体垮了 分解 1) 满腔怒火 be filled with anger 2) There is no need to be angry with others about the mistakes they make. 3) 令我生气的是，雇主否决了我的计划。 To my anger, the employer disapproved of my plan. ① to one’s anger 使某人气愤的是 angry adj. 愤怒的，生气的 angrily adv. 愤怒地 ② be angry with/at sb. 对某人生气 ③ be angry at/about/over sth. 对某事生气 annoy v. 使生气; 惹恼 annoyed adj. 生气的 annoying adj. 令人生气的 anger n. 愤怒，怒气 vt. 使生气，激怒 表示“愤怒”的描写 满腔怒火：be filled with anger 勃然大怒：burst into anger Anger swallowed him like a wild beast. 愤怒像野兽一样吞噬了他。 4. His anger erupted like a volcano. 他的愤怒像火山一样爆发。 reliable [rɪˈlaɪəbl] adj. 可靠的；可信赖的 rely v. 信任；信赖；依赖；依靠 a reliable friend 可靠的朋友 rely on/upon 依靠；依赖 rely on it that... 相信 The land, the essential means of production, is the most reliable living security that the peasants can rely on． 1. Roughly speaking, the tendency of the market is still uncertain. 大体来说，市场的趋势仍不确定。 2. I have a tendency to talk too much when I’m nervous. 我紧张时总爱唠叨。 3. Women tend to live longer than men. 女人往往比男人长寿。 4. We tend to get cold winters and warm, dry summers in this part of the country. 在我国这个地区，往往冬季寒冷而夏季温暖干燥。 tendency n. 趋势；倾向 ① have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向 ② tend v. 趋向；易于；照顾；护理 tend (to)... 照料，护理…… tend to do sth. 易于做某事；倾向于做某事 1. Family affairs occupy most of her free time 家庭事务占用了她大部分闲暇时间。 2. I can’t meet you on Sunday. I’ll be otherwise occupied. 星期天我不能见你了。我要忙别的事情。 3. She occupied herself with routine office tasks. 她忙于办公室的日常工作。 4. He is fully occupied in looking after three young children. 照顾三个年幼的孩子使他忙得不可开交。 5. We need your accurate information: your name, age, occupation and so on. 我们需要你的准确信息:姓名、年龄、职业，等等。 occupy v. 占据；占用 ① occupy oneself with sth. 忙于某事 occupy oneself (in) doing sth. 忙于做某事 ② occupation n. 占领；职业；工作 ③ occupied adj. 忙于……的；已被占用的 be occupied with sth. 忙于某事 be occupied in (doing) sth. 忙于(做)某事 in other words 换句话说；也就是说 (1)in a/one word 总而言之 (2)have a word with sb. 与某人说句话 have words with sb. 与某人吵架 keep/break one's word 遵守诺言/失信 beyond words 无法用言语表达 in words 用语言 word came that... 有消息说…… in other words同义表达：namely, that is, that is to say in other words 换句话说； 也就是说 ①He is such a man that he can't always ______________， ________________， he always ________________， because of which his friends often ________________ him. 他是这样的一个人，总是不能遵守诺言。换句话说，他总是食言，正是因为如此，他的朋友们经常和他吵架。 keep his word in other words breaks his word have words with　 In other words, a smile could serve as a bridge to connect two people and shorten the distance between two hearts. 1. I stared at the door and wondered why she didn’t turn up. 我盯着门看，心想她为什么没有出现。 2. The teacher glared at the boys when they laughed loudly at class. 当男孩子们在课堂上大笑时，老师怒视着他们。 3. The man glanced nervously at his watch. 那个男人紧张地看了一眼手表。 4. The men all turned to look at her as she entered the room. 当她走进房间时，所有男士都转过来朝她看。 stare v. 盯着看；凝视 . 凝视 stare at “盯着看；凝视”，表示因好奇、惊讶而睁大眼睛看，强调长时间盯着看，有时含有无礼或粗鲁的意味 glare at “怒视”，表示“凶狠而且带有威胁性地瞪眼睛”的意思 glance at “瞥见”，强调“匆匆”和“瞥”，表示动作的短暂 look at “看着”，无感情色彩，强调动作 distinguish [dɪsˈtɪŋgwɪʃ] v. 区分; 辨别 distinguished adj. 卓越的；著名的；杰出的 be distinguished for/as… 因为/作为……而出名 distinguish … from … 使……有别于……; 区分……和…… distinguish between … and … 区分……和…… distinguish oneself as/to be 作为……而出名 1. Sometimes reality and fantasy are hard to distinguish. 有时候现实和幻想很难区分。 2. She has already distinguished herself as an athlete. 作为运动员她已享有盛名。 3. You should learn to distinguish between right and wrong. 你应学会明辨是非。 4. The twins are so alike that no one can distinguish one from the other. 这对孪生儿长得很像，没有人能分辨得出哪个是哪个。 5. He is distinguished for his knowledge of linguistics. 他因语言学的知识而著名。 distinguish v. 区分；辨别 ① distinguish between A and B 区分A和B distinguish... from... 把……与……区分开来 distinguish oneself as... 作为……而出名 ② distinguished adj. 卓越的；著名的；杰出的 be distinguished for... 因……而出名 be distinguished as... 作为……而出名 embarrassed [ɪmˈbærəst] adj. 尴尬的; 难堪的 embarrassing  adj. 使人尴尬的, 使人难堪的 embarrassment  n. 困窘; 尴尬; 使发窘的人或事 【语境应用】 1) I felt _____________ about my dirty shoes. 2) To her _______________, she couldn’t remember his name. 3) Shy and _______________, the boy rushed out of the room. 4) I don’t like making speeches in public; it’s so ______________. embarrassed embarrassment embarrassed embarrassing adjust [əˈʤʌst] v. 调整，调节；适应，(使)习惯 adjustment n. 调整, 调节 adjustable adj. 可调整的, 可调节的 adjust sth. to sth. 调整……以适应 adjust (oneself) to 使（自己）适应于…… make an adjustment/adjustments to… 对……作调整 1. I’m going to call on one of my former classmates. 我要去看望我的一位老同学。 2. He called on the workers to fight for their rights. 他号召工人们为争取自己的权利而斗争。 3. Many experts have been called in for advice. 很多专家被请来提建议。 4. Do you think we should call at Bob’s while we are in London? 你认为我们在伦敦时应该去鲍勃家拜访吗? call on (短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请 call on sb. to do sth. 号召/呼吁某人做某事 call in 召来；叫……进来 call for 要求；呼吁；需要 call off 取消…… call up 打电话；使回忆起；勾起 call upon 拜访；要求 call at 拜访(某个地点) 1. —Shall I help you? —Don’t bother. I’ll do it later. ——我可以帮你吗? ——不用费心了，我一会儿自己做。 2. I don’t want to bother you with my problems. 我不想因为我的问题而打扰你。 3. It bothered Tom greatly that he had failed his driving test. 驾照考试不及格，这让汤姆很烦恼。 4. Tom is a bother to his teacher. 汤姆使他的老师大伤脑筋。 5. I didn’t want to put you to any bother. 我不想给你添乱。 bother v. 费心；麻烦；因……操心 n. 麻烦；不便 ① bother sb. with/about sth. 为某事打扰或麻烦某人 bother to do/doing sth. 费心做某事 It bothers sb. that/to do sth. 使某人苦恼的是…… ② put sb. to any bother 给某人添乱 1. The conflict in the Middle East has lasted decades. 中东地区的冲突已经持续几十年了。 2. Union leaders are again in conflict with management. 工会领导人又一次与管理层发生冲突。 3. The two stories conflicted, so I did not know which to believe. 两个故事互相冲突，我不知道相信哪一个。 conflict n. 矛盾；冲突 v. 冲突；抵触 ① in conflict with 和……有矛盾，和……不一致 come into conflict with 和……发生冲突，与……有分歧 ② conflict with 与……发生冲突 1. How did Wilson react to your idea? 威尔逊对你的想法有什么反应? 2. Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust. 铁与水、空气起化学反应而生成锈。 3. Will young people react strongly against tax increases? 年轻人会强烈反对增税吗? 4. What seemed to be people’s initial reaction to the garden? 人们对这个花园的第一反应似乎是什么? react v. (对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应 ① react to 对……作出反应；回应…… react with. . . 与……进行反应 react against 反抗 ② reaction n. 反应 reaction to... 对……的反应 $$