山东省青岛即墨区2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题讲评-说明文讲解课件

说明文讲练 高三期中检测 讲评课 1 Learning objectives (学习目标 ) During the class, you should 1. Correct the mistakes and know why; 2. Accumulate some useful ways to improve reading ability; 3. Develop a good attitude toward study. 课前复习： 1. pose a threat to sb/sth 2. be born with 3. on behalf of 4. sting 5. struggle to do 6. land a job 7. take over 8. sth put sb off 9. That curiosity shaped his life. 10. Insects enchanted him. 1)对...构成威胁 2)天生有... 3)代表... 4) 叮咬 - pt. stung -pp. stung 5)努力去做 6)获得/找到工作 7)接管 8)打消对...的热情 9)好奇心成就了他的一生。 10)昆虫使他着迷。 Check the answers: (核对答案) 1—5 CBBAC 6—10 ABCAA 11—15 CBCBB 16—20 CABAA 21—23 BBA 24—27 BDBD 28—31 ADAA 32—35 CBDA 36—40 FCGEA 41—45 BCADC 46—50 BCADD 51—55 BACBD 56.generosity 57. begins 58. leaves 59. till/until 60. creating 61. awfully 62. which 63. and 64. interested 65. to experience Mistakes to be corrected: (出错题目) 5, 6, 16, 19, 20，21, 25, 27, 28, 33, 35, 38, 42,46,48,49,51,54 Self-reflection and analysis(自我反思和分析5mins) 1. 出错原因？ 词汇量？主题意义？文章类型、结构？长难句拆分？段内、段际关系？观点态度？中心词或“文眼”？归纳概括的能力？脱离文章语境答题？非智力因素？ 2.思考：如何提高正答率及措施？ Cooperation (合作探究) 讨论问题： 1. 第33题定位的信息是什么？35题B选项为什么错了？ 2. 七选五的解题步骤是什么？分析38题 重点突破一 --Passage D 如何快速把握词汇量较大较难的文章的主旨大意？ 1. 关注体裁和语篇模式 2. 关注首段或前两段 3. 关注功能性词汇引起的句间关系（如转折性词汇） 4. 关注结构 exposition (说明文) ；Problem-solving topic (话题--要说明的主要内容) so, But, more ...than ... topic（话题） -- research（研究） -- conclusion （结论） 1. Key topic words: 2. To help you get the main idea quickly, underline some useful words related to the subject or main idea in each para, such as key adjectives, cohesive words, connectives, comparatives etc. 3. Main structure of the passage 4. Discourse pattern E-seed carrier 3. Main structure With the world’s forests under threat, reforestation is essential in the fight against climate change and to protect biodiversity, but planting young trees by hand can be labor-intensive. So drones （无人机） have begun to be used to drop seeds onto land deforested by wildfires. A company called Mast Reforestation has applied this method in the western United States and beyond. But for a forest to grow, dropped seeds have to get into the soil and germinate （发芽）, and that can be a challenge. Researchers from Morphing Matter Lab at Carnegie Mellon University might have an answer. Lab director Lining Yao and her colleagues looked at erodium seeds, which have a “drill” that changes shape when wet, using a “tail” to support itself up and push more effectively into the ground. The team created an “E-seed” carrier based on the same principle, which is made from white oak wood that naturally responds to changes in humidity （湿度）. They chemically treated the wood to make it softer when wet so it expands more effectively. Moreover, the seed carrier has three tails, making it easier to drill into soil. According to the research Yao published in the journal Nature, the carrier has an “80% drilling success rate on flat land”, making it more effective than erodium seeds in the same conditions. After the carrier burrows, the seed is protected from animals and the natural elements, improving its chances of germination. Yao says the lab has received interest from companies and government agencies worldwide wanting to use the seed carriers in reforestation projects. But she notes specific types of seed carriers must be developed for different locations to accommodate different soils and humidity levels. Providing the technology for projects around the world would be urgent. “Most people who reach out want thousands of seeds, and they want to grow millions of trees in a year,” says Yao. “I started a small team in the lab to think about mass production strategy, but we definitely want to get more support to make this a larger effort.” With the world’s forests under threat, reforestation is essential in the fight against climate change and to protect biodiversity, but planting young trees by hand can be labor-intensive. So drones （无人机） have begun to be used to drop seeds onto land deforested by wildfires. A company called Mast Reforestation has applied this method in the western United States and beyond. But for a forest to grow, dropped seeds have to get into the soil and germinate （发芽）, and that can be a challenge. Researchers from Morphing Matter Lab at Carnegie Mellon University might have an answer. Lab director Lining Yao and her colleagues looked at erodium seeds, which have a “drill” that changes shape when wet, using a “tail” to support itself up and push more effectively into the ground. The team created an “E-seed” carrier based on the same principle, which is made from white oak wood that naturally responds to changes in humidity （湿度）. They chemically treated the wood to make it softer when wet so it expands more effectively. Moreover, the seed carrier has three tails, making it easier to drill into soil. According to the research Yao published in the journal Nature, the carrier has an “80% drilling success rate on flat land”, making it more effective than erodium seeds in the same conditions. After the carrier burrows, the seed is protected from animals and the natural elements, improving its chances of germination. Yao says the lab has received interest from companies and government agencies worldwide wanting to use the seed carriers in reforestation projects. But she notes specific types of seed carriers must be developed for different locations to accommodate different soils and humidity levels. Providing the technology for projects around the world would be urgent. “Most people who reach out want thousands of seeds, and they want to grow millions of trees in a year,” says Yao. “I started a small team in the lab to think about mass production strategy, but we definitely want to get more support to make this a larger effort.” P1背景-问题： Forest threat & reforestation problem Importance of reforestation; Labor-intensive manual planting; Drone seeding introduction; Seed germination challenge 森林现状与造林需求;传统造林方式问题;新尝试及问题 P2 解决方案：Research and Development 研发灵感来源;载体设计与制作 "E-seed" carrier development: Inspiration from erodium seeds;Design features (wood, treatment, tails) P3成果&好处： Results and Benefits 高钻孔成功率;保护种子促进发芽 "E-seed" carrier performance：Drilling success rate；Seed protection & germination improvement P4-5应用&前景： Application and Future 全球关注与应用潜力;面临的挑战;面临的挑战 Interest from around the world: Need for specific carriers;Mass production efforts & support needed 4. Choose the discourse pattern A. Problem-Solution问题解决型 B. General-Specific一般到特殊型C. Cause-Effect因果关系型 D. Time Order时间顺序型 5. Main idea of each part： Main ideas P1 With the to the world's forests , is crucial. are used to drop seeds, but getting the seeds to germinate is a . P2 Researchers developed the inspired by erodium seeds. They treated white oak wood to make it expand and added three tails for better into the soil. P3 The "E-seed" carrier has an 80% drilling on flat land and protects the seed after burrowing, the chance of germination. P4-P5 The lab has received in using the seed carriers, but different locations need specific types. The team is working on with the need for more support. threat reforestation Drones challenge "E-seed" carrier drilling success rate improving global interest mass production 6. 主题相关词汇句子积累 -- 【问题解决措施类】1.）With...under threat, ...is essential in the fight against...and to protect...2.）Providing the technology for projects around the world would be urgent.3.）We definitely want to get more support to make this a larger effort.4.）整理词汇替代： eg.: 1) specific, different 2) threat, difficulties, challenge 3) naturally respond to, natural-inspired 词缀：-inspired; -powered;-driven; -based 反义词： deforestation, reforestation Researchers from Morphing Matter Lab at Carnegie Mellon University might have an answer. Lab director Lining Yao and her colleagues looked at erodium seeds, which have a “drill” that changes shape when wet, using a “tail” to support itself up and push more effectively into the ground. The team created an “E-seed” carrier based on the same principle, which is made from white oak wood that naturally responds to changes in humidity （湿度）. They chemically treated the wood to make it softer when wet so it expands more effectively. Moreover, the seed carrier has three tails, making it easier to drill into soil. 33. What do we know about the “E-seed” carrier? A. It is community-based. B. It is nature-inspired. C. It is energy-powered. D. It is profit-driven. 细节题 TIP:高考题在考查阅读的过程中，喜欢用paraphrase/interpret/summarize等方式呈现正确答案，注意同义替换。 Providing the technology for projects around the world would be urgent. “Most people who reach out want thousands of seeds, and they want to grow millions of trees in a year,” says Yao. “I started a small team in the lab to think about mass production strategy, but we definitely want to get more support to make this a larger effort.” 35. What is possible about the “E-seed” carrier according to the last paragraph? A. Its wide applications. B. Its fast development. C. Its being regularly tested. D. Its being hugely profitable. 推断题 曲解文意 无中生有 TIP:小心原词复现的选项，有时候是陷阱。中等程度及差生尤其要注意甄别。 1. Lab director Lining Yao and her colleagues looked at erodium seeds, which have a “drill” that changes shape when wet, using a “tail” to support itself up and push more effectively into the ground. 长难句分析 which, that引导的定语从句; when 引导的状从的省略； using 非谓语 主干： 翻译：实验室主任姚丽宁和她的同事们研究了菊苣的种子，它们有一个“钻”，在潮湿的时候会改变形状，用“尾巴”支撑自己，更有效地进入地下。 【拓展训练】-- 真题改编 1. What is the main purpose of developing the "E-seed" carrier?A. To study the growth habits of different seeds.B. To reduce the labor intensity of reforestation.C. To overcome the challenges of seed germination in reforestation.D. To test the effectiveness of new materials in forestry. 2. How does the "E-seed" carrier improve the chances of seed germination?A. By attracting more animals to spread the seeds.B. By providing more nutrients to the seeds.C. By protecting the seeds from external factors after burrowing.D. By increasing the speed of seed drilling into the soil. 3. What can we infer from the fact that the lab has received interest from companies and government agencies worldwide?A. The "E-seed" carrier is already a perfect solution for reforestation.B. There is a great demand for effective reforestation methods globally.C. The technology of the "E-seed" carrier is very easy to apply.D. Only companies and government agencies care about reforestation. 4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor that needs to be considered for the application of the "E-seed" carrier?A. Different soil types. B. Varied humidity levels.C. The cost of production. D. Specific locations. 英语七选五试题的文章体裁以说明文为主，兼顾考查记叙文。要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项补全短文，使短文前后逻辑通顺、结构完整。从设题角度看，主要考查位于段落内部的句子和段落主题句，解答此类题时，考生要理解并把握文章的整体内容、结构以及上下文衔接关系，可以从句子间的逻辑关系和代词的指代等方面着手解题。 Teaching Focus (难点突破二 )--七选五 掌握七选五的解题技巧和解题思路，一切都可迎刃而解。 解题技巧与解题思路： 阅读文章---阅读选项---再阅读文章---边阅读边选择---解决疑难选项---审核答案 一.第一遍阅读文章，关注以下内容： 1.关注文章的体裁和结构：说明文，总-分结构。 2.关注文章主旨：文章聚焦于引导个人寻找正确的职业道路。它强调了职业规划的重要性，并提供实际的步骤和考虑因素，以帮助人们对未来职业做出明智的决策 。 3.关注文章的首段（多起到引入话题和引起下文的作用），段落首句（多为段落的 主题句），尽可能多的记住文章的主要信息。 二.阅读选项： 快速阅读选项，并标画出关键词，代词，连词，同时注意句式结构。 例如， A. Set specific goals. 关键词是goals B. Organize your plan. C. Taking a career test would be a good place to start. 词汇复现start D. This means putting what’s important to you in order. 关键词this 的指代作用， E. You need to know what the employer expects from you. F. However, for many people, it takes a little more work to plan their careers. 转折连词、it和比较级 G. The right career for you must include aspects that attract and are important to you. 词汇复现 Explore your options. After completing your self-investigation, you can determine your career interests to set out the specific occupations you wish to pursue. 38 By asking yourself the right questions and narrowing down your options, you'll produce a clearer career plan.D. This means putting what's important to you in order.E.You need to know what the employer expects from you.F.However, for many people, it takes a little more work to plan their careers.G. The right career for you must include aspects that attract and are important to you. 段内关系，词汇复现 主题一致法： 确保选项内容与文章的主题一致。整个文章围绕职业规划展开，所有选项都应围绕这一主题提供相关信息或步骤，如第 37 题提到的职业测试、第 38 题关于职业兴趣探索等都是职业规划过程中的环节，符合主题一致性原则。 逻辑关系法：“By... and...” 体现的递进关系，指导理解句子之间的顺序和逻辑层次。 【拓展训练】 -- Summary For many, finding an ideal career is often . Career planning thus as it helps identify the desired profession and make a plan. Firstly, conduct a of interests and skills. Then, explore diverse career options by determining interests and occupations. Subsequently, research the specific of different fields. Lastly, set clear and achievable goals, breaking the career plan into . Following these steps enables individuals to make better career choices and pursue a fulfilling career. challenging matters self-assessment narrowing down requirements manageable steps Homework 1. sort out key notes 2. summarize methods and skills THANK YOU 24 나비의 춤 (蝴蝶之舞) 韩国群星 해를 품은 달, track 20, disc 0 134797.17 $$