北京市广渠门中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷

北京市广渠门中学2024一2025学年度第一学期期中试题 高二年级英语学科 时间：90分钟 2024.11 本试卷共12页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效 本试卷共6张，考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效 第一部分知识运用（共一节，共16分） 第一节完形填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） The moment Kareem went into the waiting room,his nervousness increased dramatically. Mateo,his opponent,was sitting there,with his (1)resting on his knee.The two would (2)for the last opening at the music school.Kareem could tell Mateo was (3)just like he'd always been. Kareem sat and closed his eyes,trying to ignore Mateo's calmness,a sharp contrast to his own (4).To relieve the stress,Kareem began tuning his guitar. Suddenly a deafening noise came and Kareem froze at the noise.A broken E string (5)from Kareem's guitar.He'd over-tightened the string,causing it to break.Then, he (6 his bag for another set of strings.(Kareem brought no strings for replacement. As his turn was approaching,Kareem felt (8).Now there was no choice.He stood up slowly and walked to Mateo,"Would you happen to have a spare E string?" Mateo shook his head,"Sorry."Kareem nodded and whispered that he understood Just then Kareem's name was called.He was rooted to the ground and was about to quit when he noticed Mateo's arm outstretched,holding his guitar out to him ""Here,use mine,"Kareem's mouth (9)as Mateo added,"Do your best,man." The professor asked Kareem what to play.He hesitated,"I'll be playing Bach's Bourree in E minor,with my...my friend's guitar." As Kareem walked toward the stage door,he looked back at Mateo with a shared (10)as if to say they were friends. 1.A.coat B.phone C.guitar D.book 2.A.compete B.vote C.argue D.stand 3.A.active B.popular C.ready D.proud 4.A.sorrow B.anxiety C.shame D.anger 5.A.showed up B.came back C.tore apart D.hung down 6.A.spotted B.searched C.packed D.held 7.A.Simply B.Naturally C.Sadly D.Seriously 8.A.hopeless B.careless C.guilty D.lonely 9.A.hurt B.shut C watered D.dropped 10.A.smile B.hope C.interest D.view 第二部分 阅读理解（共三节，共50分） 第节供14小愿每外愿2分，共8别 读下列短文从每险的、B、CD四个选项中选出街选项并在答题卡上将其濕 A The Great Wall Marathon is designed to be more than just a race.We want you to be able to run in amazing places,surrounded by friendly people,and exposed to new cultural experiences. It's not just about the race-it's about enjoying time together with family,friends,and other running-minded spirits. Itinerary 17May2023 Welcome to Jizhou,Tianjin 18May2023 Route Inspection Day 19May2023 Relaxation in Jizhou with tour option 20May2023 Race Day 21May2023 Explore Beijing Evening Celebration Party 22May2023 Farewell China ◇ On Route Inspection Day,the Race Officials will provide you with a Race Briefing,which will cover everything from a weather forecast to a brief presentation of the start/finish procedures.All runners are expected to walk the 3.5 km section of the wall that is part of the marathon,half-marathon and 8.5 km Fun Run course.Race Officials and Medical Staff will be present to answer any questions you may have. Rules Regulations Full marathon runners must be at least 18 years old on Race Day.Half-marathon runners must be at least 16 years old.Fun Run participants must be at least 12 years old.Fun Run participants under the age of 12 are also welcome,so long as they are accompanied by a runner aged 16 or above. The cut-off time for all distance events is 8 hours.All runners with a net finishing time slower than 8 hours will receive a FNT(Finished No Time)on the result list. If you decide to change distances during the race,i.e.if a half-marathon runner decides to follow the marathon route,he or she will receive a certificate but not an official time.The race result will read FNT.The same applies to a marathon runner who changes distances during the race.All runners who change distances before Race Day will be registered accordingly and receive an official time. Visa Information 6-8 weeks prior to the race you will receive the service voucher which you can use for acquiring a visa. For more details,please visit us online at www.greatwallmarathon.com. 11.What will participants do on Route Inspection Day? A.Enjoy the Fun Run. B.Join in a 3.5 km walk. C.Get medical insurance. D.Attend a training course. 12.According to the rules,full marathon participants A.will receive a FNT on the result list B.can change distances on Race Day C.should be at least 12 years old D.will be awarded medals 13.What is the purpose of the passage? A.To advertise a sport event. B.To promote a cultural tour. C.To introduce a marathon camp. D.To publicize a place of interest. B Something strange was happening inside LeeAnne's home.During the summer of 2014,14- year-old J.D.had stomach severe pains,but his CT scan found nothing wrong.LeeAnne and her husband lost hair and suffered dizziness and headaches.LeeAnne even lost her eyelashes. In January 2015,the city of Flint sent out a notice that the water supply,switched from the Detroit water system to the Flint River to cut cost,contained high levels of trihalomethanes( )The notice wared that people with poor immune systems might be at increased risk for liver,kidney,and nervous system problems but emphasized that the water was otherwise safe to drink Alarmed,LeeAnne researched the water supply and searched the Internet.Then she handed out a fact sheet to city officials,listing the side effects of exposure to trihalomethanes.Then she urged her neighbors to attend city council meetings,where they shared their health problems. Still,officials insisted the water was safe to drink.So LeeAnne demanded that the city test her water. The results were disturbing.The trihalomethanes were the least of her problems.The lead() levels in her water were nearly seven times the legal amount.But the city maintained her plumbing(管道)was the cause.. LeeAnne immediately had her children tested for lead.All the kids showed lead exposure. She read Flint's water quality reports and discovered the city wasn't applying the proper corrosion (control standards to its pipes;the standards prevent the metal in pipes from leaching into the water. In March,a follow-up test of LeeAnne's water showed lead levels nearly 27 times higher than the EPA's standard.LeeAnne's pipes could not be responsible for the high lead levels,since they were plastic. In September,Virginia Tech lab released a report that concluded the Flint River water was 19 times more corrosive than the Detroit water. The goveror eventually admitted the water was unsafe.He ordered that Flint's water supply be switched back to Detroit's.In Washington,President Barack Obama declared a state of emergency in Flint and ordered federal aid to help the city recover. 14.How did LeeAnne react to the city notice? A.She had her children tested for lead. B.She asked the city to replace her pipes. C.She urged the officials to test Flint's water. D.She collected side effects of trihalomethanes. 15.What is the leading cause of the family's health problem? A.The lead in their water. B.Corrosion to their pipes. C.Their poor immune systems. D.Exposure to Trihalomethanes. 16.City officials'attitude toward the water issue was A.unconcered B.cautious C.doubtful D.objective 17.What does the story mainly tell us? A.Revealing the truth takes time. B.Nothing can stop a determined heart. C.It takes courage to challenge authority. D.Joint effort is the key to solving problems. C Urban planners may soon have a new way to measure traffic jams.By putting in the different routes by which vehicles can travel between locations,researchers have developed a new computer algorithm(运算法则)that helps quantify regions of jams in urban areas and suggests ways around them. The study,published in the Journal of Physics:Complexity,used traffic speeds from taxis in Manhattan to demonstrate how structural layout and road infrastructure(基础设施)can create complex road networks that differ among cities. The team approached the issue by designing a computer algonthm to capture the topology- or relationship between the different routes between locations-of road networks."We found that the most significant traffic bottlenecks in Manhattan seem to arise as a result of the city's structural layout,"said study co-author Daniel Carmody."For example,the fact that a bridge enters Manhattan at a range where traffic is already limited due to Central Park slows traffic in the area considerably." The researchers performed a comparative analysis using traffic patters in Chengdu,China, to test if the algorithm works equally well in areas with different layouts.Manhattan has a long and thin structure,while Chengdu is round.There are significant differences in the way traffic moves between these two different setups,the researchers said. "The bottlenecks in Chengdu seem to arise due to the function of the buildings in a particular area,"Carmody said."For example,it is hard to travel in and out of the central business district in Chengdu because of the large amount of traffic alone.Beltways,or faster streets around busy areas,have emerged in circles around this area,which is not surprising because this feature was intentionally built into the city." In Manhattan,the bridges and underpasses that form the entry and exit points cause traffic slowdowns.However,in lower Manhattan,where drivers seem to obey the lower posted speed limits,traffic moves more smoothly,forming a new traffic beltway with the southern end of Central Park acting as a block between lower and central Manbattan. "The resenrchers have imagined that this technology could give urban planners a means to quantify traffic patterns,lcading to better traffic,"Carmody said."As methods of transportation develop,new problems will cmerge,and we hope that our tools will give planners new ways to measure what is going on with city traffic." 18.According to the new study,what contributes to traffic jams in Manhattan? A.The number of bottlenocks and beltways. B.The location of bridges and underpasses. C.Road facilitics and structural layout. D.Road signs and urban population. 19.Researchers also studied Chengdu in order to A.compare the layouts of the two cities B.find better infrastructure for one city C.design traffic patterns with the algorithm D.assess the effectiveness of the algorithm 20.Who is the target of this new computer algorithm? A.City planners. B.Slower drivers. C.Infrastructure developers. D.Road sign designers. D The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy()and the development of adult identity.However,now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence,during which many of today's students are not shouldered with adult responsibilities. For previous generations,college was decisive break from parental control;guidance and support needed to come from people of the same age and from within.In the past two decades, however,continued connection with and dependence on family,thanks to cellphones,email and social media,have increased significantly.Some parents go so far as to help with coursework. Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility,universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home. To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility,college needs to be a time of exploration and experimentation.This process involves"trying on"new ways of thinking about oneself both intellectually(在思纰方面)and personally.While we should provide“safe spaces'”within colleges,we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views.Intellectual growth and flexibility are developed on debate and questioning. Learning to deal with the social world is equally important.Because a college community differs from the family,many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging.If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking patter,they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community. Moreover,the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults:the response to being controlled by their elders.If acceptable social behavior is too strictly defined and controlled,the insensitive or aggressive behavior that administrators are seeking to minimize may actually be encouraged. Every college discussion about community values,social climate and behavior should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and self-regulation. 21.What's the author's attitude toward continued parental guidance to college students? A.Sympathetic B.Disapproving C.Supportive D.Neutral 22.The underlined word"passage"in Paragraph 2 means. A.change B.choice C.text D.bond 23.According to the author,what role should college play? A.To develop a shared identity among students B.To define and regulate students'social behavior C.To provide a safe world without stress for students D.To boost students'intellectual and personal development 24.What is the main purpose of the passage? A To explain what college life is like. B.To introduce the benefits of college life. C.To stress the significance of autonomy in college. D.To analyze the positive effects of autonomy in college. 第二节共5小题：每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的六个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision?There are people who go over every detail before making a choice.25 Psychologists call this way of thinking a cognitive bias(偏见)，a tendency toward a specific mental mistake.. To study "jumping",we examined decision-making patters among more than 600 people from the general population.We found that jumpers made more errors than non-jumpers on problems that require thoughtful analysis.26In a quiz about US citizens,they overestimated the chance that their answers were right significantly more than other participants did-even when their answers were wrong. So what is behind "jumping"?Psychological researchers commonly distinguish between two pathways of thought:automatic system,which reflects ideas that come to the mind easily and effortlessly,and controlled system including conscious and effortful reasoning.Jumpers and non- jumpers are equally influenced by automatic thoughts.27. It is the controlled system that helps people counterbalance mental biases introduced by the automatic system.As a result,jumpers were more likely to accept the conclusions without further questioning.A lack of controlled thinking is also more broadly connected to their problematic beliefs and faulty reasoning. 28A method called metacognitive training can be used to target their biases,which can help people think more carefully.In this training,participants are faced with their own biases. They can learn about the missteps and other ways of thinking through the problem at hand.It helps to lower participants'overconfidence. In everyday life,the question of whether we should think things through or instead go with our gut is a frequent and important one.29 Sometimes the most important decision we make can be to take some more time before making a choice. A.Happily,there may be some hope for jumpers. B Also,jumpers had problems with overconfidence. C.But a fair number of individuals are quick to jump to conclusions. D.It is certainly possible for them to overthink things to take a decision. E.We plan to continue the work to trace other problems introduced by jumping. F The jumpers,however,did not engage in controlled reasoning to the same degree as non- jumpers. G.Recent studies show that even gathering just a little bit more evidence may help us avoid a major mistake. 第三节（共4小趣：第30、31题各2分，第32题3分，第33题6分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答愿卡指定区域作答。 In a growing number of school districts across America,students must wear a uniform. According to the US Department of Education,wearing a uniform can maintain discipline and help schools recognize those who come to the school illegally.Schools claim thaf when students come in uniform,it improves discipline and leads to academic gains.However,students oppose the decision. A more important question is whether there is any evidence to show that mandatory )uniform policies can lead to improved student outcomes.A 2003 study that used a large national data set concluded that elementary and middle schools with school uniforms had fewer student behavior problems.But it found that high schools had a greater frequency of misbehavior. Interestingly,even when evidence is available,educators could take the opposite view.For example,a study of educators in 38 North Carolina high schools found that 61%of the school masters believed that there was a reduction in cases of misbehavior on campus when school uniforms were introduced.In reality,the data showed no change in incidents of suspensions( 学)and other problems.. Similarly,research on the effectiveness of school uniforms on increasing student attendance and achievement is confusing.For example,one study concluded that school uniforms resulted in increased student achievement and increased attendance.However,another study found little impact on academics at all levels and little evidence of improvement in attendance for girls and drop in attendance for boys.So,what do the differences in research mean for policy? In my view,it does not mean that schools should not carry out such policies.It does mean, however,that educators must be clear about the goals that they hope to achieve.Decreased discipline problems,increased attendance and academic achievement may not be achieved just by wearing uniforms.But there may be other benefits,for instance,it could help a school promote its brand through a uniform look.School uniforms may also serve as a symbol of commitment to academic achievement. 30.Why does the US Department of Education require students to wear school uniforms in America? 31.What are the findings of the 2003 study? 32.Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why. Some studies showed wearing school uniforms helped improve students'performance,but other studies found different results,so schools should stop the school uniform policy. 33.What do you think of wearing school uniforms?Explain your reasons.(In about 40 words) 第三部分（共三节，共35分） 第一节选词填空，共12小题：每小愿1分，共12分) 阅读下列四篇短文，根据短文内容，从每篇短文上面的方框中选择合适的单词或词组，并用其 正确形式填空，请将答案书写在答题卡相应位置。每组词中有一词为多余选项。 visible ban bless buffet In the remote far north of Sweden,the Sarek National Park above the Arctic Circle,I wake up to the sound of the wind 34 the cloth of my tent Standing at the edge of the mountain,I felt so 35 to be alive and have this rare opportumnity to explore this unique territory,which is unknown to the outside world.The Sami lived off reindeer,moved with them, and accompanied them for hundreds of years.Nowadays,all new development36 within the park boundaries to keep its natural state. By contrast employ break down vary Just like spoken language,body language3 from culture to culture.For example,