考点 34 任务型阅读（讲练结合）-备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习重难点冲冲冲（全国通用）

考点34 任务型阅读 备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习重难点冲冲冲 任务型阅读是“阅读理解”的另一种形式,综合考查学生归纳概括能力和语篇结构理解能力。其内容涉及广泛,要求学生在阅读理解的基础上,完成一项任务或解决一个问题。所以“任务型阅读”是介于阅读理解和写作之间,其任务已不同于阅读理解中的选择题或书面表达,而是在理解文字的基础上,完成相应的图表或文字练习,从而有效地测试学生用英语“做事”的能力。根据任务类型,常见题型有以下四种: 1. 完成表格型 此类任务型阅读要求我们在理解文本信息的基础上,根据材料提供的直接信息或由我们推理、提炼后的间接信息完成题目要求的任务。其阅读内容更贴近学生的生活实际,任务的设置变化多样,不光有简单信息的捕捉,而且有阅读短文,通过对短文信息的归纳,加工处理,运用语言逻辑推理和思维能力来完成表格。 2. 回答问题型 此类任务型阅读要求我们根据短文、表格、图片或图文结合的材料回答命题者设定的问题,所设置的任务通过事实或细节的查找就能完成,与普通阅读理解的解题方法相似,只是题目设计采用了主观题形式,没有给出选项,需要我们从材料中寻求信息,以一个完整的句子,或者是其适当的缩略形式作答。从问题所涉及的内容看,考查文本表层理解多于深层理解,其设计的问题多为五W或一般疑问句的细节性问题,而涉及推理判断、文章主旨、写作意图及作者态度、感受等的题目则少之又少。此类题型是学生失分较多的题型之一,要求学生有较扎实的语言基础和较强的综合运用英语的能力。 3. 句子还原型 还原短文型“阅读理解”题有两种形式:即选择句子还原短文和排列段落还原短文。第一种形式要求考生根据短文内容,从文后所给的句子中选出适当的句子填入短文空白处。第二种形式是给出一篇200~300个词的短文,要求考生根据短文内容和结构,将顺序打乱的段落重新排序,有时首段或尾段的位置已给出。这种题型旨在考查考生对短文整体结构的理解能力,要求考生从短文的篇章结构的层面上把握短文,了解其大概意思和结构,分清句子或段落之间的逻辑关系,然后还原成短文的原貌。 4. 多元综合型 此类任务型阅读是上述各种题型的综合,可以给出不同的任务让学生逐一完成。一般是在问题设计上兼顾了多种类型,既有根据短文设计的问答题和相应的翻译题、句型转换等,又有根据内容完成句子,完成这一题型应非常细致,应认真地到原材料中收集有用的信息,并且经过整理输出信息。在明白题意和文意的基础上,仔细阅读后面的题目要求,根据实际情况去完成所要求的任务。 二. 解题步骤 1. 认真审题,读懂题意 由于题目要求形式多样,在同一篇阅读材料中会要求完成不同的任务,因此解题前要先明确任务,做到心中有数。 2. 快速阅读,掌握大意 在做题时要快速扫视一下文章的大意,然后结合前面的题目的要求,大致明白所要完成的任务。 3. 细读题目,完成任务 在明白题意和文章意思的基础上,仔细阅读后面的题目要求,在原文中找出问题题干所包括的信息部分,这样就可以快速准确地抓住有效信息,确保答题的准确性。如果是根据英文释义写单词的题,则一定要确保所填的单词来源于原文,切不可脱离原文,随意发挥。 4. 复读文章,核实任务 在初步完成所要求的任务以后,学生必须再仔细阅读所提供的短文,结合题意、文章和文后提供的任务信息、认真核实任务以保证答题正确。 5. 注意读写结合 任务型阅读不仅考查学生阅读理解层面的能力,更加注重考查学生“写”的能力。若是写单词,则要注意拼写正确,词形、词性有无变化,是否需要大写;若所要完成的是短语或句子成分,则需谨慎对待,依据所给题干分析要完成的是什么句子成分,需用什么样的表达方式,不可简单草率地将文中信息直接挪用。 总之,任务型阅读理解不同于传统的阅读理解,它介于阅读理解与写作之间,教师应该适应新课改的要求,掌握任务型阅读理解的特点,加强学生任务型阅读能力的培养。 A Chinese people like the red colour a lot. Even now, Chinese people like to refer to ourselves as Chizi, meaning the red descendant (子孙). Red represents the motherland and authority. Official uniforms of the Tang Dynasty were red. In the Qing Dynasty, red was used on official caps to show different rankings. As we know, the Five-starred Red Flag was first raised on October 1st, 1949. Even nowadays, headlines of official documents (文件) are painted red. This is why they are called red-head documents. For ordinary people, red stands for happiness. For example, the word “double happiness” used for weddings is red. The bride (新娘) wears red clothes which are different from the white gowns of the west. During the Chinese Spring Festival, people will give red packets with money inside to the children as good wishes. Couplets (对联) hanging on both sides of the doors are written in red. The word red equals prettiness. The expression “hongyan” meaning red colour is a synonym (同义词) of a beautiful girl. Red is also one of the most popular words used in the names of Chinese women. But in traffic lights red means stop driving. This is how the westerners like to use the red colour. It is because red is very bright, and is good for warning purposes. But it doesn’t really have any negative meanings. 1．What does Chizi mean? _____________________________________ 2．When was the Five-starred Red Flag first raised? _____________________________________ 3．Why are official documents called red-head documents? _____________________________________ 4．Where are couplets hung? _____________________________________ 5．What do you think of the red colour? _____________________________________ B PEER PRESSURE Peers are people who are about the same age as you. Peer pressure (压力) is when one or more friends or people your own age make you feel stressed to do something. You feel as if you have to do that thing because your peers are doing it,or are trying to make you do it. Good peer pressure is when you feel pressured to do something good. You might do something good for you, for others, or for the environment. Bad peer pressure is when you feel pressured to do something you shouldn’t do. For example, it might be something that goes against rules, something dangerous, or something bad for your health. It might also be something that goes against your values, or what you believe is good or right. If a friend tries to pressure you to do something, you might feel you should do it to please your friend. You might even feel that the person will not be your friend if you do not do it. People often want to be accepted by their peers and not feel as if they stand out because they are different in some way. Sometimes people are afraid others will make fun of them if they do not do what everyone else is doing. Here are some questions to ask yourself when you feel peer pressure to do something: · Could I get into trouble for doing this? · Might doing this hurt myself or another person, or hurt someone’s feelings? · Does this go against my values? · Will I feel sorry or embarrassed if my family, teachers, or others find out about it? If you answer “yes” to any of these questions, you are feeling bad peer pressure. If people keep pressuring you, say, “I do not want to talk about it anymore.” Then walk away and feel proud that you made a good decision. Dealing with peer pressure What Peer pressure comes when your friends or people of your age make you feel 6   to complete something you wouldn’t otherwise do. It can be both positive and negative. Why You want to make your friends pleased so that you can be 7 by your friends. You are forced to do it though it is 8 your values or beliefs. You worry about being 9 at if you don’t stay in step with others. How Ask yourself several questions when you 10 pressure from your peers to take action. You can be 11 that you are experiencing negative peer pressure if your answer is“yes”. If the pressure continues, 12 to talk about it and walk away proudly. Your experience Share an example of how you solved your peer pressure. Situation:I once felt pressured when 13 Action: 14 . Result: 15 . C It might be fun to use your smartphone, but be careful. Too much screen time may harm (损害) your health. A researcher called Sarah Hinkley says the problem comes from the blue light that the screen gives out. Looking at a smartphone for a long time can cause eye strain (劳损), headaches and dry eyes. So it is a good idea to take a break every 15 minutes when your are working at a computer or using a smartphone. A new study shows that using screens too much can affect (影响) how children’s brains grow. If children use screens for more than one hour a day, they might have lower levels of white matter in their brains. White matter is a key to the development of language and reading skills. According to a study, about 95% of the people between the ages of 13 and 64 use electronics before bed, especially young people. Doctors say that the light from those electronics at night may make you excited before you go to bed. Then it’s hard for you to get enough sleep. So to keep healthy, it’s best for you not to use screens for long hours. 根据短文内容完成句子，每空一词。 16．Maybe fun to use your smartphone, but you must careful. 17．From the passage, we know at our smartphones for a long time may be for our health. 18．If you need to work at a or use a smartphone for an hour, you should take a. break four an hour. 19．About 95% of the people who between 13 and 64 use electronics before bed, especially young. 20．In to keep healthy, you’d not use screens for long. D In the world, the things made in China are everywhere. Riding a bike on the street , you might hear some people speaking Chinese aloud. Turning to the right, you might see a Sichuan-style restaurant. After walking into a store, you might see that Huawei smartphones are on sale. But you’re not in China-you're in Manchester in Britain. In fact, you might see similar things in many other cities. Chinese products have been going all over the world. Chinese food became popular in Western countries hundreds of years ago. To meet local people’s tastes, Chinese restaurants make some changes to the dishes. “One example is the meat.” Liu Wen a Chinese student who is studying in France. “We like to eat meat with the bone in, but people here don’t. So the local Chinese restaurants provide big pieces of meat without bones, even for fish.” Some Chinese brands are also becoming more popular. In many cities in Europe, many stores sell TCL televisions , Haier fridges and Lenovo computers. More than half of US-owned drones (无人机) are Chinese models. They’re not only made in China, but also designed and developed in the country. More and more people trust Chinese brands. “Made in China” becomes cool. “They are beautiful and offer something special that American phones don’t have,” an article on CNN once said about Chinese smartphones . Now, Chinese government has been trying its best to improve its national brands of all kinds. We’ll be successful from “Made in China” to “Made by China”. 回答下面问题，每题答案不超过5个词。 21．How long has Chinese food been popular in Western countries? _____________________________________ 22．What do the Chinese restaurants provide for Frenchmen? _____________________________________ 23．请将划线句子翻译成汉语。 _____________________________________ 24．请从文中找出一句能概括文章大意的主题句。 _____________________________________ 25．What do you think of “Made in China”? _____________________________________ A （2024·江苏南通·中考真题） 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 Peking Opera, also called Jingju, listed by UNESCO as an intangible cultural heritage of humanity, is the most important one among hundreds of forms of local operas in China. It arose in the late 18th century and has a history of more than two hundred years. Peking Opera which combines singing, dancing, acrobatics and martial arts is sung and recited using Beijing dialect. The music of Peking Opera plays a key role in setting the pace of the show, creating a particular atmosphere, shaping the characters, and guiding the progress of the stories, The art form has spread to many other countries and is enjoyed all around the world. Many children in China receive training in Peking Opera classes or practise Peking Opera. However, some artists still worry that Peking Opera is challenged by new forms of entertainment like many traditional art forms. They are trying to do something for Peking Opera. Tao Qingmei, a traditional arts scholar at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, co-wrote the book The Marvelous Game with Guo Baochang. Guo, a film director, is a Peking Opera fan who has loved Jingju since he was a kid. It has been his long time wish to write a book on Peking Opera. The boy on the new book cover is Guo Baochang’s grandson. Guo and his grandson are playing a game by dressing up in roles from the classic Peking Opera piece, Shuang Bei Deng, which is a comedy. Tao and Guo spent years writing the book because they wanted to make it easy and fun for everyone. They hope young people will get to know more about Peking Opera and fall in love with it. Peking Opera is regarded as an expression of the aesthetic ideal of opera in the traditional Chinese society and remains a widely recognized element of the country’s cultural heritage. The stories performed in Peking Opera are often based on Chinese history, folklore and literary classics. They bring us a colourful world. 1．How long is the history of Peking Opera? 2．Who wrote the book The Marvelous Game? 3．Which Peking Opera piece is on the cover of the book? 4．What problem is Peking Opera facing? 5．What do you plan to do for traditional arts after reading this article? (请自拟一句话作答) B （2024·内蒙古·中考真题） 阅读短文，根据文章内容，完成下列表格。每空一词。 Tails come in different shapes, sizes, and colors among different animals and have different uses. Let’s explore some most common uses for animals’ tails! Balance Some animals, such as cats and kangaroos, use their tails for balance. These animals need to use the weight of their tails to help them stay upright (直立的). They are especially useful when these animals run over bumpy (高低不平的) land or jump from place to place. Protection Many animals use their tails to protect themselves in dangerous situations. For example, some snakes’ tails can create a sound that helps them frighten other animals away. A gecko (壁虎) uses its tail in a different way. If another animal bites its tail, it will break the tail off and escape! Movement Tails can also be used by animals to help them move. Most fish use their tails to swim in the water. Monkeys use their tails for movement too. Besides their arms and feet, they also use their tails to swing from tree to tree in the forest. Warmth Some animals actually use their tails to keep warm in cold weather. Foxes and coyotes are two examples. On cold nights, these animals put their tails around their bodies, kind of like how humans use blankets (毯子). Communication Many animals use their tails for communication. Dogs wag their tails to tell us something about how they’re feeling. Beavers hit their tails against the water, creating a loud warning sound for other beavers. Five most common 6 for animals’ tails Balance Animals 7 cats and kangaroos use their tails to remain balanced when running or jumping. Protection ● The sound created by some snakes’ tails is 8 in keeping other animals away. ● A gecko will break its tail off and escape when its tail is bitten by another animal. Movement ● Most fish use their tails for 9 . ● When monkeys swing from tree to tree, they use arms, feet, as well as their tails. Warmth Foxes and coyotes put their tails around their bodies against the cold. Communication ● Dogs wag their tails to communicate with people. ● Beavers hit their tails against the water in order to 10 other beavers. C （2024·天津·中考真题） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成句子。 Have you ever seen a storm? Lots of things can happen when there is a storm. It can rain. The wind can blow (吹). The sky can be dark. And all the lights in your house can go out. When all the lights go out, your house is dark. It is a problem because you cannot do certain things in the dark. You cannot read or write. It is hard to put on clothes. It is hard to feed your pet. It is hard to walk because you cannot see well. When all the lights go out, you can wait until the storm goes away. Then the lights may go back on. But it is not interesting to wait and wait! To make things better, it is a good idea to make the dark interesting. You can light candles. The fire on the candles will give the house light. Then you can play a game with your family. Maybe you can use the light to read. Or you can tell an interesting story in the dark. 11．Lots of things when there is a storm. 12．When all the lights go out, your house . 13．It is hard to walk in the dark because you cannot . 14．After the storm , the lights may go back on. 15．To make things better, it is to make the dark interesting. D （2024·浙江·中考真题） 阅读下面材料，从方框中所给的A~E五个选项中选出正确选项(其中一项是多余选项)，将其序号填入第16～20小题，并回答第5小题。注意：请将第5小题的答案写在非选择题部分的相应位置。 People in the UK Say Sorry for Many Uses 16 If a person burps (打嗝) at the dinner table or runs into someone, you’ll probably hear “Oops, I’m so sorry!” 17 US scientist Robert Trivers gave a possible answer in his studies. He said that we are polite because we need to belong and be included in society to live. So we behave well, help each other and say sorry, hoping that we can be treated well and be safe. In the UK, politeness could be, as the Great British Mag put it, “a throwback (符合旧时代的事物) to the British class system.” 18 Does this mean that when British people say sorry, they don’t mean it? 19 But saying sorry has its uses. If you’re ever in the UK, remember a little “sorry” can go a long way. A．Perhaps it does sometimes. B．We say sorry to show people of a higher class, or level, respect, and to stay out of trouble. C． But why do we say sorry so much? D．I wonder when people in the UK say sorry. E. We can’t help saying sorry in the UK. 16． 17． 18． 19． 20．What does the writer mean by concluding “If you’re ever in the UK, remember a little sorry’ can go a long way.”(answer with no more than 15 words.) A （2024·山西大同·三模） 阅读下面的非连续性文本，根据语篇内容，回答问题。 Have you watched the TV drama Meet Yourself? Since it became a huge hit on TV and online, the topic of living in the city or in the country has brought great discussion among the public. Although these two types of living differ from each other by environment, job opportunities (机会) and cost of living, they have something in common such as daily routine (日常事务), values, and people living and working in these areas. Everyone has a different lifestyle. Their choices depend on their ages, jobs, hometowns and so on. What are young people’s choices? Here is some voice from all over the world. Jeyong, Korea I like living in cities more than the country because I like the crowdedness of people all busy walking around. Being with many people and talking to new people are something that I love very much. Amanda, England Well, I’ve lived in very big cities: Tokyo, Bangkok, and Los Angeles. Now it is the first time ever that I’ve lived in the countryside. I’m finding that I like it a lot better. I have time to do things that I could never do in the city, like playing the guitar or even reading news. I’m enjoying a peaceful lifestyle a lot more than the busy city life. Martin, America I grew up on a very small farm in the country. I enjoyed the clean air and the wild life around but it was boring. The city is much more exciting and has a lot more to do, see and experience. So generally speaking, the city is the way to go for me. Byran, Canada I think that living in the city would be so much better than living in the country. I like being active, and I like going out. So for me, living in the country would be boring. So what about Chinese people? Since 2022, the words “livable (宜居的) city” have got increasing popularity on Xiaohongshu, China’s biggest lifestyle-sharing platform. A survey was even carried out among young people. Report on young people’s choices of cities to live in. Which city do you think is the most livable city? Factors (因素) to consider: Categories(类别) Examples Life Languages, food, natural condition, local customs ... Economy (经济) Housing price, job opportunities, the cost of living ... Infrastructure (基础设施) Transportation, hospitals, schools... What do you think is the most important factor to consider? 21．What are the common things between the city life and the countryside life? 22．What does Amanda think of living in the countryside? 23．Among the people mentioned in the passage, who prefers to live in cities? 24．What are the top three most livable cities according to the report? 25．Which category of factors do young people consider most when choosing a city to live in? 26．What do you think is the most important factor when you choose where to live? Why? B （2024·江苏泰州·三模） 阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在短文后面的表格内的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词，每空只能填一个单词。 Tang poem come alive in Chang’an As the capital of the Tang Dynasty, Chang’an was one of the world’s largest and richest cities at the time. The movie’s Chinese name, 30, 000 Li from Chang’an, is taken from a poem by Chen Zilong, a poet in the Ming Dynasty. In the poem, Chang’an stands for the flourishing age (盛世) of the Tang Dynasty. The Chinese animated film, Chang’an, showing some of China’s most well-known poets, has won praise for making people interested in traditional Chinese poetry. The film is set in the Tang Dynasty, an age of prosperity (繁荣). It mainly tells the stories of Gao Shi and Li Bai , describing their struggles to better themselves and society in the Tang Dynasty. In the almost three-hour-long film, 48 well-known Tang poems are mentioned. The film has received more than 170, 000 reviews and got an average score of 8.3 out of 10 on the website Douban, better than 93% of the animated films on the website. In one scene of the film, Li Bai’s well-known poem Bring in the Wine is read as he stands beside the roaring Yellow River and then flies into the sky on the back of a crane. The scene is the most popular according to the viewers. “The most exciting thing is realizing that these great poets were not just familiar (熟悉的) names but real people,” said a moviegoer. Xie Junwei, the film’s co-director, hopes the film can increase awareness (意识) of traditional Chinese culture and history among young Chinese. “We tell the stories of these famous people to young people through an animated film so that they can have a deeper understanding of our history and classic works,” said Xie. Tang poems come alive in Chang’an Chang’an: As the capital of the Tang Dynasty , in Chen Zilong’s poem, Chang’an 27 the flourishing age of the Tang Dynasty. The 28 to the film Chinese name: 30,000 Li from Chang’an, taken from a poem by Chen Zilong, a poet in the Ming Dynasty. Background: It is 29 in the Tang Dynasty. At the time, Chang’an was 30 the world’s largest and richest cities. Story: the struggles of Gao Shi and Li Bai to better themselves and society. The reviews about the film On Douban: 31 170, 000 reviews, an average score of 8.3 The most popular scene : Li Bai stands beside the roaring Yellow River while 32 the poem Bring in the Wine, and then 33 into the sky on the back of a crane. One review: the great poets were not just familiar names but real people. The 34 of the film To help young Chinese develop an 35 in traditional Chinese culture and history and understand them 36 . c （2024·陕西西安·二模） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。 Chinese shadow puppetry is a form of traditional Chinese folk drama. It is probably one of the most ancient arts with light and shadow. It is also a mix of many art forms, including painting, music, opera and story-telling. Shadow puppetry was added to UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage List in 2011.    More than 2000 years ago, Emperor Wu was very sad after his wife died. One day, one of his men happened to see some children playing with toys. The shadows of the toys were lively on the floor. Then he, had an idea-he made a puppet (偶) of the emperor’s wife. As night fell, he asked the emperor to watch a puppet show. This is believed to be the start of shadow puppetry.     In the Tang Dynasty, shadow puppetry was played by many people in many places around the country. Then in the Yuan Dynasty, it was introduced into West Asian and European countries along the Silk Road. The art form became the most popular in the Qing Dynasty. At that time, it was played in almost every province and in many kinds of celebrations like weddings and birthday dinners.     It is not an easy job to make the puppets. Their body parts are cut one by one and then joined together so that they can move freely. During the show, puppetry artists connect the puppets’ most important joints (关节) with sticks. In this way, they can hold the puppets and make the puppets walk, run or dance as they want. Sometimes the puppets could be as lively as living things on the screen.     In fact, most puppetry artists across China don’t get trained and don’t play shadow puppetry as a job. They just play it for fun and love. In recent years, puppetry artists have explored ways to make this ancient art form as popular as it used to be and pass it on to the young, hoping more people can understand its importance and feel its beauty. They also get help from the Chinese government. Thanks to their hard work, Chinese shadow puppetry is becoming great again. 37．What does Chinese shadow puppetry include? It includes _________________________________________. 38．Who might be the first puppet according to the passage? _________________________________________. 39．When did the Chinese shadow puppetry become the most popular? It became the most popular ___________________________. 40．What is the main idea of the 4th paragraph? It mainly talks about ___________________________. 41．How does the Chinese government deal with this ancient art form? The Chinese government ___________________________. D （2024·海南·二模） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容按要求完成任务。 Li Bai was born in 701. He was also given the name “ Taibai”. The name meant “ Venus” in ancient China. Legend says that before Li Bai was born, his mother dreamed that Venus fell into her arms, so some people believed that Li Bai was a god. When Li Bai was five years old, his family settled (定居) in a town in today’s Sichuan Province. Making Iron (铁) into a Needle When Li Bai was young, he was not a very hard-working student. He often missed school. One day when he was walking by the river, he saw an old woman. She was working on a large piece of iron. He asked surprisingly, “What are you doing?” She said. “I am making a needle.” “ But how can you make a large piece of iron into a needle?” She replied, “I must work hard every day.” Li Bai suddenly understood the importance of hard work, and he started to work hard at school. Friendship with Meng Haoran When Li Bai traveled to Xiangyang in Hubei, he went to visit a famous poet called Meng Haoran. He was twelve years older than Li Bai, but they became friends. They both loved traveling to beautiful mountains and rivers. When Meng Haoran left for today’s Yangzhou, Li Bai wrote a poem about it, Seeing Meng Haoran off at Yellow Crane Tower. Task 1: Finish the chart according to the article. Fill in each blank with no more than 3 words. Information about Li Bai He was born in 701. He was also called Taibai, which meant Venus in ancient Chinese. He lived in a town in today’s Sichuan Province at the age of 1. _____ Two 2. _____ about Li Bai Making Iron into a Needle One day he saw a woman 3. _____ a large piece of iron by the river. After the woman’s explaination, he understood he should work hard. Friendship with Meng Haoran They became friends because they both loved 4. _____. The poem Seeing Meng Haoran off at Yellow Cran Tower shows the 5. _____ between the two poets. 42． 43． 44． 45． 46． Task 2: Answer the following questions. 47．Why did people believe Li Bai was a god? 48．How did Li Bai feel when he first saw the woman by the river? 49．According to the passage, what do you think of Li Bai? Explain your reasons in about 20 words. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 考点34 任务型阅读 备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习重难点冲冲冲 任务型阅读是“阅读理解”的另一种形式,综合考查学生归纳概括能力和语篇结构理解能力。其内容涉及广泛,要求学生在阅读理解的基础上,完成一项任务或解决一个问题。所以“任务型阅读”是介于阅读理解和写作之间,其任务已不同于阅读理解中的选择题或书面表达,而是在理解文字的基础上,完成相应的图表或文字练习,从而有效地测试学生用英语“做事”的能力。根据任务类型,常见题型有以下四种: 1. 完成表格型 此类任务型阅读要求我们在理解文本信息的基础上,根据材料提供的直接信息或由我们推理、提炼后的间接信息完成题目要求的任务。其阅读内容更贴近学生的生活实际,任务的设置变化多样,不光有简单信息的捕捉,而且有阅读短文,通过对短文信息的归纳,加工处理,运用语言逻辑推理和思维能力来完成表格。 2. 回答问题型 此类任务型阅读要求我们根据短文、表格、图片或图文结合的材料回答命题者设定的问题,所设置的任务通过事实或细节的查找就能完成,与普通阅读理解的解题方法相似,只是题目设计采用了主观题形式,没有给出选项,需要我们从材料中寻求信息,以一个完整的句子,或者是其适当的缩略形式作答。从问题所涉及的内容看,考查文本表层理解多于深层理解,其设计的问题多为五W或一般疑问句的细节性问题,而涉及推理判断、文章主旨、写作意图及作者态度、感受等的题目则少之又少。此类题型是学生失分较多的题型之一,要求学生有较扎实的语言基础和较强的综合运用英语的能力。 3. 句子还原型 还原短文型“阅读理解”题有两种形式:即选择句子还原短文和排列段落还原短文。第一种形式要求考生根据短文内容,从文后所给的句子中选出适当的句子填入短文空白处。第二种形式是给出一篇200~300个词的短文,要求考生根据短文内容和结构,将顺序打乱的段落重新排序,有时首段或尾段的位置已给出。这种题型旨在考查考生对短文整体结构的理解能力,要求考生从短文的篇章结构的层面上把握短文,了解其大概意思和结构,分清句子或段落之间的逻辑关系,然后还原成短文的原貌。 4. 多元综合型 此类任务型阅读是上述各种题型的综合,可以给出不同的任务让学生逐一完成。一般是在问题设计上兼顾了多种类型,既有根据短文设计的问答题和相应的翻译题、句型转换等,又有根据内容完成句子,完成这一题型应非常细致,应认真地到原材料中收集有用的信息,并且经过整理输出信息。在明白题意和文意的基础上,仔细阅读后面的题目要求,根据实际情况去完成所要求的任务。 二. 解题步骤 1. 认真审题,读懂题意 由于题目要求形式多样,在同一篇阅读材料中会要求完成不同的任务,因此解题前要先明确任务,做到心中有数。 2. 快速阅读,掌握大意 在做题时要快速扫视一下文章的大意,然后结合前面的题目的要求,大致明白所要完成的任务。 3. 细读题目,完成任务 在明白题意和文章意思的基础上,仔细阅读后面的题目要求,在原文中找出问题题干所包括的信息部分,这样就可以快速准确地抓住有效信息,确保答题的准确性。如果是根据英文释义写单词的题,则一定要确保所填的单词来源于原文,切不可脱离原文,随意发挥。 4. 复读文章,核实任务 在初步完成所要求的任务以后,学生必须再仔细阅读所提供的短文,结合题意、文章和文后提供的任务信息、认真核实任务以保证答题正确。 5. 注意读写结合 任务型阅读不仅考查学生阅读理解层面的能力,更加注重考查学生“写”的能力。若是写单词,则要注意拼写正确,词形、词性有无变化,是否需要大写;若所要完成的是短语或句子成分,则需谨慎对待,依据所给题干分析要完成的是什么句子成分,需用什么样的表达方式,不可简单草率地将文中信息直接挪用。 总之,任务型阅读理解不同于传统的阅读理解,它介于阅读理解与写作之间,教师应该适应新课改的要求,掌握任务型阅读理解的特点,加强学生任务型阅读能力的培养。 A Chinese people like the red colour a lot. Even now, Chinese people like to refer to ourselves as Chizi, meaning the red descendant (子孙). Red represents the motherland and authority. Official uniforms of the Tang Dynasty were red. In the Qing Dynasty, red was used on official caps to show different rankings. As we know, the Five-starred Red Flag was first raised on October 1st, 1949. Even nowadays, headlines of official documents (文件) are painted red. This is why they are called red-head documents. For ordinary people, red stands for happiness. For example, the word “double happiness” used for weddings is red. The bride (新娘) wears red clothes which are different from the white gowns of the west. During the Chinese Spring Festival, people will give red packets with money inside to the children as good wishes. Couplets (对联) hanging on both sides of the doors are written in red. The word red equals prettiness. The expression “hongyan” meaning red colour is a synonym (同义词) of a beautiful girl. Red is also one of the most popular words used in the names of Chinese women. But in traffic lights red means stop driving. This is how the westerners like to use the red colour. It is because red is very bright, and is good for warning purposes. But it doesn’t really have any negative meanings. 1．What does Chizi mean? _____________________________________ 2．When was the Five-starred Red Flag first raised? _____________________________________ 3．Why are official documents called red-head documents? _____________________________________ 4．Where are couplets hung? _____________________________________ 5．What do you think of the red colour? _____________________________________ 【答案】 1． The red descendant. 2． On October 1st, 1949. 3． Because their headlines are painted red. 4． On both sides of the doors. 5．It represents happiness/prettiness/good luck./It’s a lucky colour./It’s an exciting/energetic colour. … (言之有理皆可) 【导语】本文介绍了红色在中国文化中的重要性和象征意义，并详细描述了其在官方文件、婚礼习俗和节日庆祝中的应用。尽管在交通信号灯中红色表示停止，但在中国文化中，红色通常没有负面含义。 1．根据“Even now, Chinese people like to refer to ourselves as Chizi, meaning the red descendant.”可知，中国人喜欢称自己为“赤子”，意思是红色的后代。故填The red descendant. 2．根据“As we know, the Five-starred Red Flag was first raised on October 1st, 1949.”可知，我们知道，五星红旗于1949年10月1日首次升起。故填On October 1st, 1949. 3．根据“Even nowadays, headlines of official documents are painted red. This is why they are called red-head documents.”可知，官方文件的标题用红色，这就是为什么它们被称为“红头文件”。故填Because their headlines are painted red. 4．根据“Couplets hanging on both sides of the doors are written in red.”可知，对联是挂在门两侧的。故填On both sides of the doors. 5．开放性试题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。参考答案为It represents happiness/prettiness/good luck./It’s a lucky colour./It’s an exciting/energetic colour. … B PEER PRESSURE Peers are people who are about the same age as you. Peer pressure (压力) is when one or more friends or people your own age make you feel stressed to do something. You feel as if you have to do that thing because your peers are doing it,or are trying to make you do it. Good peer pressure is when you feel pressured to do something good. You might do something good for you, for others, or for the environment. Bad peer pressure is when you feel pressured to do something you shouldn’t do. For example, it might be something that goes against rules, something dangerous, or something bad for your health. It might also be something that goes against your values, or what you believe is good or right. If a friend tries to pressure you to do something, you might feel you should do it to please your friend. You might even feel that the person will not be your friend if you do not do it. People often want to be accepted by their peers and not feel as if they stand out because they are different in some way. Sometimes people are afraid others will make fun of them if they do not do what everyone else is doing. Here are some questions to ask yourself when you feel peer pressure to do something: · Could I get into trouble for doing this? · Might doing this hurt myself or another person, or hurt someone’s feelings? · Does this go against my values? · Will I feel sorry or embarrassed if my family, teachers, or others find out about it? If you answer “yes” to any of these questions, you are feeling bad peer pressure. If people keep pressuring you, say, “I do not want to talk about it anymore.” Then walk away and feel proud that you made a good decision. Dealing with peer pressure What Peer pressure comes when your friends or people of your age make you feel 6   to complete something you wouldn’t otherwise do. It can be both positive and negative. Why You want to make your friends pleased so that you can be 7 by your friends. You are forced to do it though it is 8 your values or beliefs. You worry about being 9 at if you don’t stay in step with others. How Ask yourself several questions when you 10 pressure from your peers to take action. You can be 11 that you are experiencing negative peer pressure if your answer is“yes”. If the pressure continues, 12 to talk about it and walk away proudly. Your experience Share an example of how you solved your peer pressure. Situation:I once felt pressured when 13 Action: 14 . Result: 15 . 【答案】 6．stressed 7．accepted 8．against 9．laughed 10．feel 11．sure 12．refuse 13．my friends smoke and let me do that 14．I said “no”, then walked away 15．I no longer made friends with them 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了同龄压力的含义和影响及应对措施。 6．根据“Peer pressure is when one or more friends or people your own age make you feel stressed to do something.”可知同龄压力是指当朋友或同龄人使你感到做某事时有“压力”，故填stressed。 7．根据“If a friend tries to pressure you to do something, you might feel you should do it to please your friend. You might even feel that the person will not be your friend if you do not do it. People often want to be accepted by their peers”可知人们经常想要被同龄人“接受”而试图去取悦对方，故填accepted。 8．根据“It might also be something that goes against your values, or what you believe is good or right.”可知同龄人有时强迫你做的事可能“违背”你的价值观，信仰，但是为了取悦他们，你可能被迫去做，故填against。 9．根据“Sometimes people are afraid others will make fun of them if they do not do what everyone else is doing.”可知，有时人们害怕如果他们没有做其他人正在做的事会被“嘲笑”，be laughed at“被嘲笑”，故填laughed。 10．根据“Here are some questions to ask yourself when you feel peer pressure to do something”可知当你做一些事情时“感觉到”同龄压力，可以问自己一些问题，故填feel。 11．根据“If you answer ‘yes’ to any of these questions, you are feeling bad peer pressure.”如果你的答案是“是”，那么你可以“确定”自己正在感受坏的同龄压力，be sure that“确定”。故填sure。 12．根据“If people keep pressuring you, say, ‘I do not want to talk about it anymore.’”可知如果人们一直强迫你对你施压，可以“拒绝”谈论，refuse“拒绝”，此处为祈使句，用动词原形开头。故填refuse。 13．开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为my friends smoke and let me do that。 14．开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可，注意和上题保持连贯性。参考答案为I said “no”, then walked away。 15．开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可，注意和上题保持连贯性。参考答案为I no longer made friends with them。 C It might be fun to use your smartphone, but be careful. Too much screen time may harm (损害) your health. A researcher called Sarah Hinkley says the problem comes from the blue light that the screen gives out. Looking at a smartphone for a long time can cause eye strain (劳损), headaches and dry eyes. So it is a good idea to take a break every 15 minutes when your are working at a computer or using a smartphone. A new study shows that using screens too much can affect (影响) how children’s brains grow. If children use screens for more than one hour a day, they might have lower levels of white matter in their brains. White matter is a key to the development of language and reading skills. According to a study, about 95% of the people between the ages of 13 and 64 use electronics before bed, especially young people. Doctors say that the light from those electronics at night may make you excited before you go to bed. Then it’s hard for you to get enough sleep. So to keep healthy, it’s best for you not to use screens for long hours. 根据短文内容完成句子，每空一词。 16．Maybe fun to use your smartphone, but you must careful. 17．From the passage, we know at our smartphones for a long time may be for our health. 18．If you need to work at a or use a smartphone for an hour, you should take a. break four an hour. 19．About 95% of the people who between 13 and 64 use electronics before bed, especially young. 20．In to keep healthy, you’d not use screens for long. 【答案】 16．it’s be 17． looking bad 18．computer times 19．are the 20．order better 【导语】本文主要讲述了长时间面对电子产品的屏幕对健康的危害。最后，呼吁人们不要长时间使用电子产品。 16．根据“It might be fun to use your smartphone, but be careful.”可知用手机也许是有趣的，但是你必须谨慎，“to use your smartphone”是动词不定式作真正的主语，前面应用“it”作形式主语，因此第一空用“it’s”；第二空位于情态动词“must”后应用be动词的原形“be”，be careful“谨慎”。故填it’s；be。 17．根据“Looking at a smartphone for a long time can cause eye strain (劳损), headaches and dry eyes.”可知长时间看手机会造成眼睛劳损，头疼或者眼睛干涩，由此可推知对我们的健康是有害的，因此第一空应用动名词“looking”，作主语；第二空应用形容词“bad”，be bad for“对……有害”。故填looking；bad。 18．根据“So it is a good idea to take a break every 15 minutes when your are working at a computer or using a smartphone.”可知如果你在电脑前工作或者使用手机，你应该每15分钟休息一次，由此可知一个小时休息四次，因此第一空填名词“computer”，第二空填名词“times”。故填computer；times。 19．根据“According to a study, about 95% of the people between the ages of 13 and 64 use electronics before bed, especially young people.”可知有95%的年龄在13岁到64岁之间的人们在睡觉前使用电子产品，尤其是年轻人，“who…”引导定语从句，先行词是“people”，因此第一空应用be动词“are”；第二空表示年轻人，应用“the+形容词”表示一类人，因此用“the”。故填are；the。 20．根据“So to keep healthy, it’s best for you not to use screens for long hours.”可知为了保持健康，最好不要长时间看屏幕。为了“In order to”，因此第一空应用“order”；had better not do sth.“最好不要做某事”，因此第二空用“better”。故填order；better。 D In the world, the things made in China are everywhere. Riding a bike on the street , you might hear some people speaking Chinese aloud. Turning to the right, you might see a Sichuan-style restaurant. After walking into a store, you might see that Huawei smartphones are on sale. But you’re not in China-you're in Manchester in Britain. In fact, you might see similar things in many other cities. Chinese products have been going all over the world. Chinese food became popular in Western countries hundreds of years ago. To meet local people’s tastes, Chinese restaurants make some changes to the dishes. “One example is the meat.” Liu Wen a Chinese student who is studying in France. “We like to eat meat with the bone in, but people here don’t. So the local Chinese restaurants provide big pieces of meat without bones, even for fish.” Some Chinese brands are also becoming more popular. In many cities in Europe, many stores sell TCL televisions , Haier fridges and Lenovo computers. More than half of US-owned drones (无人机) are Chinese models. They’re not only made in China, but also designed and developed in the country. More and more people trust Chinese brands. “Made in China” becomes cool. “They are beautiful and offer something special that American phones don’t have,” an article on CNN once said about Chinese smartphones . Now, Chinese government has been trying its best to improve its national brands of all kinds. We’ll be successful from “Made in China” to “Made by China”. 回答下面问题，每题答案不超过5个词。 21．How long has Chinese food been popular in Western countries? _____________________________________ 22．What do the Chinese restaurants provide for Frenchmen? _____________________________________ 23．请将划线句子翻译成汉语。 _____________________________________ 24．请从文中找出一句能概括文章大意的主题句。 _____________________________________ 25．What do you think of “Made in China”? _____________________________________ 【答案】 21． For hundreds of years./Since hundreds of years ago. 22． Pieces of meat without bones. 23． 在街上骑自行车，你可能听到一些人在大声说着汉语。/你可能听到一些人在大声说着汉语当你在街上骑自行车时/... 24． In the world, the things made in China are everywhere. 25．I think it is cool./I think it is popular./I feel proud of it. /... 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国产品受到全世界的欢迎。 21．根据“Chinese food became popular in Western countries hundreds of years ago.”可知，几百年前，中餐在西方国家流行起来。所以中餐在西方国家很受欢迎已经有几百年了。故填For hundreds of years./Since hundreds of years ago. 22．根据“So the local Chinese restaurants provide big pieces of meat without bones, even for fish.”可知，当地的中国餐馆提供大块无骨肉，甚至鱼也不例外。故填Pieces of meat without bones. 23．Riding a bike on the street是现在分词短语作状语，意为“在街上骑自行车”；you“你”；might“可能”；hear some people speaking Chinese“听到一些人在说着汉语”；aloud是副词作状语，意为“大声地”。故填：在街上骑自行车，你可能听到一些人在大声说着汉语。/你可能听到一些人在大声说着汉语当你在街上骑自行车时/…… 24．本文主要介绍了中国产品受到全世界的欢迎。故填In the world, the things made in China are everywhere. 25．开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为：I think it is cool./I think it is popular./I feel proud of it. /... A （2024·江苏南通·中考真题） 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 Peking Opera, also called Jingju, listed by UNESCO as an intangible cultural heritage of humanity, is the most important one among hundreds of forms of local operas in China. It arose in the late 18th century and has a history of more than two hundred years. Peking Opera which combines singing, dancing, acrobatics and martial arts is sung and recited using Beijing dialect. The music of Peking Opera plays a key role in setting the pace of the show, creating a particular atmosphere, shaping the characters, and guiding the progress of the stories, The art form has spread to many other countries and is enjoyed all around the world. Many children in China receive training in Peking Opera classes or practise Peking Opera. However, some artists still worry that Peking Opera is challenged by new forms of entertainment like many traditional art forms. They are trying to do something for Peking Opera. Tao Qingmei, a traditional arts scholar at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, co-wrote the book The Marvelous Game with Guo Baochang. Guo, a film director, is a Peking Opera fan who has loved Jingju since he was a kid. It has been his long time wish to write a book on Peking Opera. The boy on the new book cover is Guo Baochang’s grandson. Guo and his grandson are playing a game by dressing up in roles from the classic Peking Opera piece, Shuang Bei Deng, which is a comedy. Tao and Guo spent years writing the book because they wanted to make it easy and fun for everyone. They hope young people will get to know more about Peking Opera and fall in love with it. Peking Opera is regarded as an expression of the aesthetic ideal of opera in the traditional Chinese society and remains a widely recognized element of the country’s cultural heritage. The stories performed in Peking Opera are often based on Chinese history, folklore and literary classics. They bring us a colourful world. 1．How long is the history of Peking Opera? 2．Who wrote the book The Marvelous Game? 3．Which Peking Opera piece is on the cover of the book? 4．What problem is Peking Opera facing? 5．What do you plan to do for traditional arts after reading this article? (请自拟一句话作答) 【答案】 1． It has a history of more than two hundred years. 2． Tao Qingmei and Guo Boochang. 3． Shuang Bei Deng. 4． It is challenged by new forms of entertainment. 5．I plan to learn more about traditional arts and try to spread them. 【导语】本文主要介绍了京剧的相关信息。 1．根据“It arose in the late 18th century and has a history of more than two hundred years.”可知京剧有200多年的历史。故填It has a history of more than two hundred years. 2．根据“Tao Qingmei. a traditional arts scholar at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, co-wrote the book The Marvelous Game with Guo Baochang”可知陶清梅与郭宝昌合著了《了不起的游戏：京剧文化好在哪》一书。故填Tao Qingmei and Guo Boochang. 3．根据“Guo and his grandson are playing a game by dressing up in roles from the classic Peking Opera piece, Shuang Bei Deng”可知封面上是经典剧目《双背凳》。故填Shuang Bei Deng. 4．根据“However, some artists still worry that Peking Opera is challenged by new forms of entertainment like many traditional art forms.”可知京剧受到新娱乐形式的挑战。故填It is challenged by new forms of entertainment. 5．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为I plan to learn more about traditional arts and try to spread them. B （2024·内蒙古·中考真题） 阅读短文，根据文章内容，完成下列表格。每空一词。 Tails come in different shapes, sizes, and colors among different animals and have different uses. Let’s explore some most common uses for animals’ tails! Balance Some animals, such as cats and kangaroos, use their tails for balance. These animals need to use the weight of their tails to help them stay upright (直立的). They are especially useful when these animals run over bumpy (高低不平的) land or jump from place to place. Protection Many animals use their tails to protect themselves in dangerous situations. For example, some snakes’ tails can create a sound that helps them frighten other animals away. A gecko (壁虎) uses its tail in a different way. If another animal bites its tail, it will break the tail off and escape! Movement Tails can also be used by animals to help them move. Most fish use their tails to swim in the water. Monkeys use their tails for movement too. Besides their arms and feet, they also use their tails to swing from tree to tree in the forest. Warmth Some animals actually use their tails to keep warm in cold weather. Foxes and coyotes are two examples. On cold nights, these animals put their tails around their bodies, kind of like how humans use blankets (毯子). Communication Many animals use their tails for communication. Dogs wag their tails to tell us something about how they’re feeling. Beavers hit their tails against the water, creating a loud warning sound for other beavers. Five most common 6 for animals’ tails Balance Animals 7 cats and kangaroos use their tails to remain balanced when running or jumping. Protection ● The sound created by some snakes’ tails is 8 in keeping other animals away. ● A gecko will break its tail off and escape when its tail is bitten by another animal. Movement ● Most fish use their tails for 9 . ● When monkeys swing from tree to tree, they use arms, feet, as well as their tails. Warmth Foxes and coyotes put their tails around their bodies against the cold. Communication ● Dogs wag their tails to communicate with people. ● Beavers hit their tails against the water in order to 10 other beavers. 【答案】6．uses/usages 7．like 8．helpful 9．swimming 10．warn 【导语】本文主要介绍了动物尾巴的用处。 6．根据“Let’s explore some most common uses for animals’ tails!”可知，介绍动物尾巴的用处，use/usage“用途”，根据“five”可知，名词用复数形式，故填uses/usages。 7．根据“Some animals, such as cats and kangaroos, use their tails for balance”可知，有些动物，如猫和袋鼠，用尾巴来保持平衡，此空用介词like“像”，用于举例说明，故填like。 8．根据“For example, some snakes’ tails can create a sound that helps them frighten other animals away.”可知，一些蛇的尾巴可以发出一种声音，帮助它们吓跑其他动物，be helpful in“在某方面有帮助”，故填helpful。 9．根据“Most fish use their tails to swim in the water. ”可知，大多数鱼用尾巴在水里游泳，for是介词，后接动名词，故填swimming。 10．根据“Beavers hit their tails against the water, creating a loud warning sound for other beavers.”可知，海狸用尾巴撞水，是为了警告其他海狸，warn“警告”，动词，in order to do sth“为了做某事”，故填warn。 C （2024·天津·中考真题） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成句子。 Have you ever seen a storm? Lots of things can happen when there is a storm. It can rain. The wind can blow (吹). The sky can be dark. And all the lights in your house can go out. When all the lights go out, your house is dark. It is a problem because you cannot do certain things in the dark. You cannot read or write. It is hard to put on clothes. It is hard to feed your pet. It is hard to walk because you cannot see well. When all the lights go out, you can wait until the storm goes away. Then the lights may go back on. But it is not interesting to wait and wait! To make things better, it is a good idea to make the dark interesting. You can light candles. The fire on the candles will give the house light. Then you can play a game with your family. Maybe you can use the light to read. Or you can tell an interesting story in the dark. 11．Lots of things when there is a storm. 12．When all the lights go out, your house . 13．It is hard to walk in the dark because you cannot . 14．After the storm , the lights may go back on. 15．To make things better, it is to make the dark interesting. 【答案】11．can happen 12．is dark 13．see well 14．goes away 15．a good idea 【导语】本文主要介绍暴风雨时应该怎么做。 11．根据“Lots of things can happen when there is a storm.”可知，有暴风雨的时候会发生很多事情。故填can happen。 12．根据“When all the lights go out, your house is dark.”可知，当所有的灯都熄灭时，你的房子是黑暗的。故填is dark。 13．根据“It is hard to walk because you cannot see well.”可知，走路很困难，因为你看不清楚。故填see well。 14．根据“When all the lights go out, you can wait until the storm goes away. Then the lights may go back on.”可知，当所有的灯都熄灭时，你可以等到暴风雨过去。然后灯就会重新亮起来。故填goes away。 15．根据“To make things better, it is a good idea to make the dark interesting.”可知，为了使事情变得更好，让黑暗变得有趣是个好主意。故填a good idea。 D （2024·浙江·中考真题） 阅读下面材料，从方框中所给的A~E五个选项中选出正确选项(其中一项是多余选项)，将其序号填入第16～20小题，并回答第5小题。注意：请将第5小题的答案写在非选择题部分的相应位置。 People in the UK Say Sorry for Many Uses 16 If a person burps (打嗝) at the dinner table or runs into someone, you’ll probably hear “Oops, I’m so sorry!” 17 US scientist Robert Trivers gave a possible answer in his studies. He said that we are polite because we need to belong and be included in society to live. So we behave well, help each other and say sorry, hoping that we can be treated well and be safe. In the UK, politeness could be, as the Great British Mag put it, “a throwback (符合旧时代的事物) to the British class system.” 18 Does this mean that when British people say sorry, they don’t mean it? 19 But saying sorry has its uses. If you’re ever in the UK, remember a little “sorry” can go a long way. A．Perhaps it does sometimes. B．We say sorry to show people of a higher class, or level, respect, and to stay out of trouble. C． But why do we say sorry so much? D．I wonder when people in the UK say sorry. E. We can’t help saying sorry in the UK. 16． 17． 18． 19． 20．What does the writer mean by concluding “If you’re ever in the UK, remember a little sorry’ can go a long way.”(answer with no more than 15 words.) 【答案】16．E 17．C 18．B 19．A 20．It means that saying “sorry” is a good manner and popular in the UK. 【导语】本文主要介绍了英国人经常说“对不起”的原因以及好处。 16．根据空格后的举例“If a person burps (打嗝) at the dinner table or runs into someone, you’ll probably hear ‘Oops, I’m so sorry!’”可知，此处应说人们经常说“对不起”，E选项“在英国，我们忍不住要说对不起”符合，故选E。 17．根据“US scientist Robert Trivers gave a possible answer in his studies.”可知，此空应填一句话引出下文的研究，C选项“但是为什么我们如此频繁地说对不起”符合，故选C。 18．根据“In the UK, politeness could be, as the Great British Mag put it, ‘a throwback (符合旧时代的事物) to the British class system.’”可知，此处应提到英国的阶层，B选项“我们说对不起是为了向更高阶层或水平的人表示尊重，并避免惹麻烦”符合，故选B。 19．根据“Does this mean that when British people say sorry, they don’t mean it?”可知，此处应回答“这是否意味着当英国人说对不起时，他们不是认真的”这个问题，A选项“也许有时确实如此”符合，故选A。 20．根据前文的介绍可知，英国人喜欢说“对不起”，因为这是一种礼貌的行为并且受到欢迎，故填It means that saying “sorry” is a good manner and popular in the UK. A （2024·山西大同·三模） 阅读下面的非连续性文本，根据语篇内容，回答问题。 Have you watched the TV drama Meet Yourself? Since it became a huge hit on TV and online, the topic of living in the city or in the country has brought great discussion among the public. Although these two types of living differ from each other by environment, job opportunities (机会) and cost of living, they have something in common such as daily routine (日常事务), values, and people living and working in these areas. Everyone has a different lifestyle. Their choices depend on their ages, jobs, hometowns and so on. What are young people’s choices? Here is some voice from all over the world. Jeyong, Korea I like living in cities more than the country because I like the crowdedness of people all busy walking around. Being with many people and talking to new people are something that I love very much. Amanda, England Well, I’ve lived in very big cities: Tokyo, Bangkok, and Los Angeles. Now it is the first time ever that I’ve lived in the countryside. I’m finding that I like it a lot better. I have time to do things that I could never do in the city, like playing the guitar or even reading news. I’m enjoying a peaceful lifestyle a lot more than the busy city life. Martin, America I grew up on a very small farm in the country. I enjoyed the clean air and the wild life around but it was boring. The city is much more exciting and has a lot more to do, see and experience. So generally speaking, the city is the way to go for me. Byran, Canada I think that living in the city would be so much better than living in the country. I like being active, and I like going out. So for me, living in the country would be boring. So what about Chinese people? Since 2022, the words “livable (宜居的) city” have got increasing popularity on Xiaohongshu, China’s biggest lifestyle-sharing platform. A survey was even carried out among young people. Report on young people’s choices of cities to live in. Which city do you think is the most livable city? Factors (因素) to consider: Categories(类别) Examples Life Languages, food, natural condition, local customs ... Economy (经济) Housing price, job opportunities, the cost of living ... Infrastructure (基础设施) Transportation, hospitals, schools... What do you think is the most important factor to consider? 21．What are the common things between the city life and the countryside life? 22．What does Amanda think of living in the countryside? 23．Among the people mentioned in the passage, who prefers to live in cities? 24．What are the top three most livable cities according to the report? 25．Which category of factors do young people consider most when choosing a city to live in? 26．What do you think is the most important factor when you choose where to live? Why? 【答案】 21． Daily routine, values, and people living and working in these areas. 22． It is peaceful. 23． Jeyong, Martin and Byran. 24． Changsha, Kunming and Chengdu. 25． Life. 26．I think the transportation is the most important. Because I like travelling very much, so I hope to have convenient transportation. 【导语】本文主要介绍了几个人对于生活在城市或乡村的话题的看法，并介绍了关于年轻人选择居住城市的报告以及选择宜居城市考虑的因素。 21．根据“they have something in common such as daily routine (日常事务), values, and people living and working in these areas.”可知它们有一些共同点，如日常生活、价值观以及在这些领域生活和工作的人。故填Daily routine, values, and people living and working in these areas. 22．根据“I’m enjoying a peaceful lifestyle a lot more than the busy city life.”可知她认为乡村生活很平静。故填It is peaceful. 23．根据“Jeyong, Korea I like living in cities more than the country”“Martin, America So generally speaking, the city is the way to go for me.”以及“Byran, Canada I think that living in the city would be so much better”可知Jeyong、Martin和Byran更喜欢住在城市里。故填Jeyong, Martin and Byran. 24．根据图表可知，排名前三的宜居城市是长沙、昆明和成都。故填Changsha, Kunming and Chengdu. 25．根据饼状图以及“Life: Languages, food, natural condition, local customs”可知人们最会考虑当地风俗，属于“生活”类别。故填Life. 26．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为I think the transportation is the most important. Because I like travelling very much, so I hope to have convenient transportation. B （2024·江苏泰州·三模） 阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在短文后面的表格内的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词，每空只能填一个单词。 Tang poem come alive in Chang’an As the capital of the Tang Dynasty, Chang’an was one of the world’s largest and richest cities at the time. The movie’s Chinese name, 30, 000 Li from Chang’an, is taken from a poem by Chen Zilong, a poet in the Ming Dynasty. In the poem, Chang’an stands for the flourishing age (盛世) of the Tang Dynasty. The Chinese animated film, Chang’an, showing some of China’s most well-known poets, has won praise for making people interested in traditional Chinese poetry. The film is set in the Tang Dynasty, an age of prosperity (繁荣). It mainly tells the stories of Gao Shi and Li Bai , describing their struggles to better themselves and society in the Tang Dynasty. In the almost three-hour-long film, 48 well-known Tang poems are mentioned. The film has received more than 170, 000 reviews and got an average score of 8.3 out of 10 on the website Douban, better than 93% of the animated films on the website. In one scene of the film, Li Bai’s well-known poem Bring in the Wine is read as he stands beside the roaring Yellow River and then flies into the sky on the back of a crane. The scene is the most popular according to the viewers. “The most exciting thing is realizing that these great poets were not just familiar (熟悉的) names but real people,” said a moviegoer. Xie Junwei, the film’s co-director, hopes the film can increase awareness (意识) of traditional Chinese culture and history among young Chinese. “We tell the stories of these famous people to young people through an animated film so that they can have a deeper understanding of our history and classic works,” said Xie. Tang poems come alive in Chang’an Chang’an: As the capital of the Tang Dynasty , in Chen Zilong’s poem, Chang’an 27 the flourishing age of the Tang Dynasty. The 28 to the film Chinese name: 30,000 Li from Chang’an, taken from a poem by Chen Zilong, a poet in the Ming Dynasty. Background: It is 29 in the Tang Dynasty. At the time, Chang’an was 30 the world’s largest and richest cities. Story: the struggles of Gao Shi and Li Bai to better themselves and society. The reviews about the film On Douban: 31 170, 000 reviews, an average score of 8.3 The most popular scene : Li Bai stands beside the roaring Yellow River while 32 the poem Bring in the Wine, and then 33 into the sky on the back of a crane. One review: the great poets were not just familiar names but real people. The 34 of the film To help young Chinese develop an 35 in traditional Chinese culture and history and understand them 36 . 【答案】 27．represents 28．introduction 29．set 30．among 31．over 32．reading 33．flies 34．purpose 35．interest 36．better 【导语】本文主要介绍了动画版电影《长安三万里》的内容、票房、评分及它的重要意义。 27．根据第一段“As the capital of the Tang Dynasty, Chang’an…In the poem, Chang’an stands for the flourishing age (盛世) of the Tang Dynasty.”可知在陈子龙的诗里，长安代表了唐朝盛世。“stands for”的同义词是“represent”，同样需用单三形式。故填represents。 28．根据第二段的内容“The Chinese animated film, Chang’an…It mainly tells the stories of Gao Shi and Li Bai , describing their struggles to better themselves and society in the Tang Dynasty”可知本段主要介绍了电影《长安三万里》的名字、背景及故事梗概，因此是对电影的介绍“The introduction to the film”。故填introduction。 29．根据第二段“The film is set in the Tang Dynasty, an age of prosperity (繁荣).”可知故事的背景是设在唐朝。故填set。 30．根据第一段“As the capital of the Tang Dynasty, Chang’an was one of the world’s largest and richest cities at the time.”可知那时长安是世界上最大和最富有的城市之一，也就是长安在这其中，应用“among”。故填among。 31．根据“The film has received more than 170, 000 reviews and got an average score of 8.3 out of 10 on the website Douban”可知电影《长安》在豆瓣网上有超过170, 000条影评。故填over。 32．根据“In one scene of the film, Li Bai’s well-known poem Bring in the Wine is read as he stands beside the roaring Yellow River and then flies into the sky on the back of a crane.”可知最受欢迎的场景是著名诗人李白站在咆哮的黄河边朗读着古诗《将进酒》然后坐在仙鹤的背上飞向了天空，因此此处应填动词“read”，位于“while”后应用现在分词“reading”，表示进行。故填reading。 33．根据“In one scene of the film, Li Bai’s well-known poem Bring in the Wine is read as he stands beside the roaring Yellow River and then flies into the sky on the back of a crane.”可知最受欢迎的场景是著名诗人李白站在咆哮的黄河边朗读着古诗《将进酒》然后坐在仙鹤的背上飞向了天空，因此此处应用动词“fly”，根据前面并列动词“stands”可知此处也应用单三形式“flies”。故填flies。 34．根据最后一段内容“Xie Junwei, the film’s co-director, hopes the film can increase awareness (意识) of traditional Chinese culture and history among young Chinese. ‘We tell the stories of these famous people to young people through an animated film so that they can have a deeper understanding of our history and classic works,’ said Xie.”可知本段主要讲了电影的目的，“The purpose of the film”。故填purpose。 35．根据最后一段“Xie Junwei, the film’s co-director, hopes the film can increase awareness (意识) of traditional Chinese culture and history among young Chinese. ‘We tell the stories of these famous people to young people through an animated film so that they can have a deeper understanding of our history and classic works,’ said Xie.”可知电影的目的是帮助中国的年轻人培养对中国传统文化和历史的兴趣，并且更好地理解它们。因此此处应填名词interest兴趣。故填interest。 36．根据最后一段“Xie Junwei, the film’s co-director, hopes the film can increase awareness (意识) of traditional Chinese culture and history among young Chinese. ‘We tell the stories of these famous people to young people through an animated film so that they can have a deeper understanding of our history and classic works,’ said Xie.”可知电影的目的是帮助中国的年轻人培养对中国传统文化和历史的兴趣，并且更好地理解它们。因此此空应用“better”，表示“更好地”。故填better。 c （2024·陕西西安·二模） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。 Chinese shadow puppetry is a form of traditional Chinese folk drama. It is probably one of the most ancient arts with light and shadow. It is also a mix of many art forms, including painting, music, opera and story-telling. Shadow puppetry was added to UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage List in 2011.    More than 2000 years ago, Emperor Wu was very sad after his wife died. One day, one of his men happened to see some children playing with toys. The shadows of the toys were lively on the floor. Then he, had an idea-he made a puppet (偶) of the emperor’s wife. As night fell, he asked the emperor to watch a puppet show. This is believed to be the start of shadow puppetry.     In the Tang Dynasty, shadow puppetry was played by many people in many places around the country. Then in the Yuan Dynasty, it was introduced into West Asian and European countries along the Silk Road. The art form became the most popular in the Qing Dynasty. At that time, it was played in almost every province and in many kinds of celebrations like weddings and birthday dinners.     It is not an easy job to make the puppets. Their body parts are cut one by one and then joined together so that they can move freely. During the show, puppetry artists connect the puppets’ most important joints (关节) with sticks. In this way, they can hold the puppets and make the puppets walk, run or dance as they want. Sometimes the puppets could be as lively as living things on the screen.     In fact, most puppetry artists across China don’t get trained and don’t play shadow puppetry as a job. They just play it for fun and love. In recent years, puppetry artists have explored ways to make this ancient art form as popular as it used to be and pass it on to the young, hoping more people can understand its importance and feel its beauty. They also get help from the Chinese government. Thanks to their hard work, Chinese shadow puppetry is becoming great again. 37．What does Chinese shadow puppetry include? It includes _________________________________________. 38．Who might be the first puppet according to the passage? _________________________________________. 39．When did the Chinese shadow puppetry become the most popular? It became the most popular ___________________________. 40．What is the main idea of the 4th paragraph? It mainly talks about ___________________________. 41．How does the Chinese government deal with this ancient art form? The Chinese government ___________________________. 【答案】 37． painting, music, opera and story-telling 38． Emperor Wu’s wife 39． in the Qing Dynasty 40． it is not an easy job to make the puppets 41．offers puppetry artists support to make the art form great again 【导语】本文主要介绍了皮影戏的相关信息。 37．根据“It is also a mix of many art forms, including painting, music, opera and story-telling.”可知，包括绘画、音乐、歌剧和讲故事，故填painting, music, opera and story-telling。 38．根据第二段的内容可知，武帝的妻子去世后，他非常伤心。一天，他的一个手下碰巧看到一些孩子在玩玩具。玩具的影子在地板上很活泼。然后，他有了一个主意——他做了一个皇帝的妻子的木偶。夜幕降临时，他请皇帝去看木偶戏。所以第一个皮影可能是汉武帝的妻子，故填Emperor Wu’s wife。 39．根据“The art form became the most popular in the Qing Dynasty.”可知，在清代成为最流行的艺术形式，故填in the Qing Dynasty。 40．根据“It is not an easy job to make the puppets…”可知，第四段主要介绍了制作木偶不是一件容易的工作，故填it is not an easy job to make the puppets。 41．根据“They also get help from the Chinese government. Thanks to their hard work, Chinese shadow puppetry is becoming great again.”可知，中国政府为皮影戏艺术家提供支持，以使这种艺术形式再次发扬光大，故填offers puppetry artists support to make the art form great again。 D （2024·海南·二模） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容按要求完成任务。 Li Bai was born in 701. He was also given the name “ Taibai”. The name meant “ Venus” in ancient China. Legend says that before Li Bai was born, his mother dreamed that Venus fell into her arms, so some people believed that Li Bai was a god. When Li Bai was five years old, his family settled (定居) in a town in today’s Sichuan Province. Making Iron (铁) into a Needle When Li Bai was young, he was not a very hard-working student. He often missed school. One day when he was walking by the river, he saw an old woman. She was working on a large piece of iron. He asked surprisingly, “What are you doing?” She said. “I am making a needle.” “ But how can you make a large piece of iron into a needle?” She replied, “I must work hard every day.” Li Bai suddenly understood the importance of hard work, and he started to work hard at school. Friendship with Meng Haoran When Li Bai traveled to Xiangyang in Hubei, he went to visit a famous poet called Meng Haoran. He was twelve years older than Li Bai, but they became friends. They both loved traveling to beautiful mountains and rivers. When Meng Haoran left for today’s Yangzhou, Li Bai wrote a poem about it, Seeing Meng Haoran off at Yellow Crane Tower. Task 1: Finish the chart according to the article. Fill in each blank with no more than 3 words. Information about Li Bai He was born in 701. He was also called Taibai, which meant Venus in ancient Chinese. He lived in a town in today’s Sichuan Province at the age of 1. _____ Two 2. _____ about Li Bai Making Iron into a Needle One day he saw a woman 3. _____ a large piece of iron by the river. After the woman’s explaination, he understood he should work hard. Friendship with Meng Haoran They became friends because they both loved 4. _____. The poem Seeing Meng Haoran off at Yellow Cran Tower shows the 5. _____ between the two poets. 42． 43． 44． 45． 46． Task 2: Answer the following questions. 47．Why did people believe Li Bai was a god? 48．How did Li Bai feel when he first saw the woman by the river? 49．According to the passage, what do you think of Li Bai? Explain your reasons in about 20 words. 【答案】 42．five/5 43．stories 44．working on 45．traveling/to travel 46．friendship 47．Because before Li Bai was born, his mother dreamed that Venus fell into her arms. 48．Surprised./He felt surprised. 49．I think Li Bai was a clever man who was able to learn from his mistakes. Because he could learn something useful from daily life and began working hard instead of ignoring his mistakes. 【导语】本文主要介绍了有关李白的两个故事：铁杵磨成针和与孟浩然的友谊。 42．根据第一段“When Li Bai was five years old, his family settled (定居) in a town in today’s Sichuan Province.”可知，他5岁时住在今天四川省的一个小镇上，故填five/5。 43．根据两个小标题“Making Iron into a Needle”和“Friendship with Meng Haoran”可知，右边讲述了有关李白的两个故事，故填stories。 44．根据第二段“She was working on a large piece of iron.”可知，他看见一个女人正在河边磨一大块铁，故填working on。 45．根据最后一段“They both loved traveling to beautiful mountains and rivers.”可知，他们成为朋友的原因是他们都喜欢旅行，故填traveling/to travel。 46．根据第二个小标题“Friendship with Meng Haoran”可知，这首诗是在展现两位诗人的友谊，故填friendship。 47．根据第一段“Legend says that before Li Bai was born, his mother dreamed that Venus fell into her arms, so some people believed that Li Bai was a god.”可知，是他母亲的梦让人们相信李白有着非凡的身份，故填Because before Li Bai was born, his mother dreamed that Venus fell into her arms. 48．根据第三段“He asked surprisingly,”可知，李白在看到妇女在河边做的事时感到惊讶。由于surprisingly是副词，意为“惊讶地”，由题干可知答案需要转换为形容词surprised来表示感受，意为“惊讶的”。故填Surprised./He felt surprised. 49．开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为：I think Li Bai was a clever man who was able to learn from his mistakes. Because he could learn something useful from daily life and began working hard instead of ignoring his mistakes. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$