Noun clauses 名词性从句 课件-2025届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

Noun clauses Listen and answer Although loneliness has always been a friend of mine, I'm leaving my life in your hands. People say I'm crazy and that I am blind, risking it all in a glance How you got me blind is still a mystery. I can't get you out of my head. Don't care what is written in your history, as long as you're here with me. I don't care who you are,where you're from,what you did,as long as you love me. 宾语从句 宾语从句 主语从句 宾语从句 2 名词在句子中做什么成分？ 1. The sun is rising. 主语 表语 宾语 同位语 2. His father is a doctor. 3. He brings me a beautiful dress. 4. Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us.  名词性从句： 一个从句在句子中充当名词作用，这个从句就是名词性从句。 名词性从句的考点 如何判断从句类型 看从句缺不缺成分 不缺 不缺意义：that “是否”：whether 缺 主/宾/定： 连接代词 who, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever等 状语： 连接副词 when, where, why, how “缺什么补什么” 解题思路 第一步：根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构判断是否是名词性从句； 第二步：判断名词性从句中的连接词： (1)如果从句不缺少成分且意思完整，常用that； (2)如果从句不缺少成分，缺少含义“是否”，常用whether、if； (3)如果从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语或定语，常用连接代词 which、what、who； (4)如果从句中缺少状语，则用连接副词where、when、 why、 how。 引导词的选择 类别 引导词 意义 功能 从属连词 that 无意义 不充当成分 whether/if 是否 不充当成分 　在复合句中相当于名词的从句，称为名词性从句。主要分为主语从句、 宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四类。名词性从句的引导词及其用法如下： 类别 引导词 意义 功能 连接代词 what(ever) (无论)什么 主语、宾语、表语、定语 which(ever) (无论)哪一个 主语、宾语、定语 who(ever) (无论)谁 主语、宾语、表语 whom 谁 宾语 whose 谁的 定语 类别 引导词 意义 功能 连接副词 when(ever) (无论)何时 时间状语 where(ever) (无论)哪里 地点状语 why 为何 原因状语 how(ever) (无论)如何 方式状语 在句子中充当主语的从句就叫做主语从句 Subject Clause 主语从句 　　在复合句中作主语的从句称为主语从句。通常位于主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而真正的主语从句置于句子末尾。 1. What she offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. 2. It suddenly occurred to him that he had left his keys in the office. 3. Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious what the problem itself is. 4. It was never clear why the man hadn't reported the accident sooner. 5. Whichever team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. it作形式主语的常见句型 1．It＋be＋形容词(necessary、right、likely、unlikely、wrong、important、certain、clear、obvious、strange、normal等)＋that从句 eg: It isn't likely that I should accept such an offer as that.　 2．It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity、a shame、good news、a fact、an honour、a wonder、no wonder等)＋that从句 eg: It's no wonder that he didn't want to go. 3．It＋be＋动词-ed形式(said、told、heard、reported、decided、suggested、advised、ordered、remembered、thought、considered、well-known、announced等)＋that从句 eg: It is decided that the meeting has been put off until next Monday. 4．It＋特殊动词或短语(seem、appear、happen、matter、turn out、occur to、make no difference等)＋that从句 eg: It suddenly occurred to her that Joe was afraid of being alone. The subject Clause that 引导的主从 that 在句中不作成分，无含义，不可省 whether/if 引导的主从 有“是否”含义，不可省 句首的主语从句只能用whether引导； 句末的主语从句whether、if 都可以引导。 连接代词和连接副词引导的主从 连接代词和连接副词在从句中有含义，且充当主、宾、定、状等成分 It is + 过去分词 + that 从句 It is + 形容词 + that 从句 It is + 名词 + that 从句 主语从句 It struck/hit/occurred to sb. that等特殊句型 总结 15 Object Clause 宾语从句 在句子里担当宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。 宾语从句常位于及物动词、动词短语、介词、表语形容词之后。 　　在复合句中作宾语的从句称为宾语从句。通常在及物动词、介词之后作宾语。 eg: Parents should actively urge that their children should take advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.　 eg: Now a lot of people might wonder why I would step out into traffic like that to rescue a single butterfly. eg: Nobody knows whether he likes to go to school or not.　 eg: This book will show you what the best CEOs should know. 　it作形式宾语的常见句型 1．动词(find、feel、think、consider、make等)＋it＋宾语补足语(形容词或名词)＋动词不定式/宾语从句 eg: I really consider it a pity that you didn't come to the party. 2．表示喜好或厌恶的动词(hate、like、dislike、appreciate、love等)＋it＋宾语从句 eg: I hate it when people cut in line at the bank. 3．动词短语(see to、depend on、rely on、insist on等)＋it＋宾语从句 eg: You may rely on it that he will come to meet you. 4．固定搭配(bring it to one's attention、take it for granted、owe it to sb.等)＋宾语从句 eg: They bring it to their attention that people should pay attention to the safety and do not bring children into court. 他们提醒人们注意安全，不可携带幼儿进场。 eg: I take it for granted that you will come and talk the matter over with him. 我理所当然地认为，你会来跟他谈这件事的。 eg: I owe it to you that I am still alive. 我还活着，多亏了你。 　引导词的省略 1.I don’t think (that) there will be time to do it. 2.Many people believe (that) robots will do most our work. 3.He said (that) we were too young to understand the matter and that we should urn to our professor ①从属连词 that引导的宾语从句，that可省略.但一个句子当中有多个并列的宾语从句时，第一个that可省略，其余的不行。 Eg:The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 客观事实，用一般现在时 Eg:Everyone knew that there are sixty minutes in an hour. 客观事实，用一般现在时 当宾语从句表达客观事实或规律时，其时态应用一般现在时。 宾语从句的时态 主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，如果宾语从句的谓语动词动作已完成，则从句可用过去完成时或者一般过去时；如果宾语从句的谓语动词动作正在进行，则从句用过去进行时；如果宾语从句的谓语动词动作尚未发生，则从句用过去将来时。 21 Eg:Tom advised me that I should take more water. 主句 连接词 从句主语 从句谓语 从句宾语 Eg:-I don’t know why he is leaving. 主句 连接词 从句主语 从句谓语 宾语从句的语序:陈述语序 宾语从句的语序为：引导词+主语+谓语+其他 宾语从句的语序 　宾语从句的否定转移 eg: I don't think this dress fits you well. 我认为这条连衣裙不是很适合你。 eg: I don’t believe you will finish the work today. eg: She thinks this dress doesn’t fit you well. (主语为第三人称，不符合否定转移条件) ①若主句主语是第一人称。 ②谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, except, guess, imagine等 ③其后的宾语从句含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。 (1)名词性从句中要用陈述句语序。 (2)在动词“insist(坚持)、order、command(命令)、suggest、advise、recommend(建议)、demand、require、request、ask(要求)”后的宾语从句和这些动词的过去分词后的主语从句，以及与这些动词相对应的名词所在的表语从句和同位语从句中，谓语部分常用“should＋动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，其中should可以省略。 Take attention Predicative Clause 表语从句 在句子里担当表语的从句叫做表语从句，表语从句常位于系动词后面。 表语从句不用 if 　　在复合句中作表语的从句称为表语从句。通常位于连系动词后，有时用as if、because和why引导。 eg: The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can be entirely free from dust. eg: I'd like to start my own business—that's what I would do if I had the money. eg: That's why I think the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice. 常见句型 1．“This/That is because...”意为“这/那是因为……”，强调原因 eg: We don't trust him. That is because he often lies. 我们不相信他，那是因为他经常说谎。 2．“The reason why...is that...”意为“……的原因是……” eg: The reason why we don't trust him is that he often lies. 我们不相信他的原因是他经常说谎。 3．“This/That is why...”意为“这/那就是……的原因”，强调结果 eg: He often lies. That is why we don't trust him. 他经常说谎。那就是我们不相信他的原因。 4．as if/though引导的表语从句，通常位于系动词look、seem、sound、be等后；既可以用虚拟语气，也可以用陈述语气 eg: It sounded as if somebody was knocking at the door. 听起来好像有人正在敲门。 eg: The house was in such a mess—it looked as though a boom had dropped on it. 这个房子真乱，看起来就像被炸弹炸过一样。 六类系动词： 状态系动词：be用来表示主语状态。 持续系动词：用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态。keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand 表像系动词：用来表示"看起来像"这一概念。seem, appear, look 感官系动词：look, smell, taste, feel, sound 变化系动词：这些系动词表示主语变成什么样become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run. 终止系动词：表示主语已终止动作，表达"证实"，"变成"之意 prove, turn out 表语从句 Appositive Clause 同位语从句 一. 在句子里担当同位语的从句叫做同位语从句，说明该名词的具体内容。 　　同位语从句用以说明其前面某一名词的具体内容。通常位于advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news(消息)、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word(消息)等具有抽象意义的名词后面。 1.一般跟在某些名词后面，用以解释说明该名词表示的具体内容。 I heard the news that our team had won. 2.常见的可以跟同位语从句的词（抽象名词）： advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news(消息)、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word(消息)等具有抽象意义的名词后面。 It is a fact that she has done her best The rumor that he was arrested was unfounded There is some hope that we’ll find a solution to our problem He made the suggestion that they go for a drive 同位语从句的语气 　　在suggestion、 advice、 request、 order等表示建议、命令、要求的名词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should＋动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，其中should可以省略。 eg: The government gave the order that all residents (should) evacuate before the flood hit the city. 政府命令所有居民在洪水袭击城市之前撤离。 that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别 　　同位语从句的引导词that 不充当从句的任何成分，即同位语从句本身是意义完整的陈述句，但that不可省略； 定语从句的关系代词that 代替先行词，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。 eg: The rumor that he spread everywhere turned out to be untrue. 他到处散布的谣言最终证明是不真实的。 eg: The rumor that Tom was a thief turned out to be untrue. 关于汤姆是小偷的谣言最终证明是不真实的。 定语从句 同位语从句 分隔式同位语从句 　　英语中，同位语从句一般是紧跟在其同位词的后面，但由于表达不同意义的需要，同位语从句可以被句子的其他成分隔开，这种从句就叫作分隔式同位语从句。 eg: The notice came around two in the afternoon that the meeting would be postponed. eg: We have no idea at all that he has gone. 被谓语和状语分隔 被程度状语分隔 Summary 1．(2024·浙江卷1月)If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that's ____________ they'll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. 2．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is ____________ they need an English trainer. what why 真题演练 4．(2022·北京卷)It's easy to explain how we determine ____________ smells are dangerous or not: we learn. 5．(2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ) ____________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. What whether 3．(2022·浙江卷1月)Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ____________ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed. whether/if 1．Many people think work meetings are a waste of time, and that might be because most meetings keep employees from working well. 分析：本句是由and连接构成的________句。在前一分句中含有________从句“work meetings are a waste of time”；在后一分句中because引导________从句。 并列 宾语 表语 分析句子成分 2．Some older generations can't even understand what the youngest generation says because of the lack of exposure to the new language. 分析：句中what引导________从句；介词短语“because of...”作__________语。 宾语 原因状 What 1．____________ you have to do is to walk among the water and plants, enjoy every moment, and find your own treasures depending on your mood that day. 单句语法填空 考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指代“你要做的事情”，应用what引导。单词位于句首，首字母应大写。 2．In the end of the game, they vote on ____________ they think the murderer might be. 3．The more important thing is ____________ there are accompanying measures to put this slogan into practice. 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少表语，指人，应用who引导。 考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，根据句意可知，此处表示“是否”，应用whether。 4．It is well known ____________ Chinese people prefer hot meals every day, and they're also used to having hot drinks with it. 考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句，从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，用无任何意义只起连接作用的that引导。 5．This was typically ____________ Huang Quande, fisherman-turned-photo model, looked in his photos with tourists from China and abroad. 考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句成分完整，根据句意可知，此处表示“如何”，应用连词how。 6．Catching sight of the sunrise and sunset, Kua Fu suddenly hit upon an idea ____________ he wanted to race against the sun to see who ran faster! 考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，应用that。 What that 7．____________ is known to all is the “eight major cuisines” in China, with the four major cuisines of Shandong, Jiangsu, Guangdong, and Sichuan forming earlier, and later the other four. 8．However, I still have a general sense ____________ it is a silly way to pass time. 考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导，单词位于句首，首字母应大写。 考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，对先行词sense作解释和说明。 that/which expected what As an epic (史诗) 1.____________ brings back to life some of the most famous poets from the Tang Dynasty (618-907), the highly 2.____________ (expect) animated movie Chang An held its premiere (首映) in 3.____________ was once its namesake city, now known as Xi'an, the provincial capital of Shaanxi Province. Produced by Light Chaser Animation, 4.____________ Beijing-based animated studio known for its focus on tales inspired by traditional culture and mythology, the film 5.____________ (schedule) for a nationwide release. 语篇填空 a is scheduled With reveals generals 6．____________ a runtime of 168 minutes, the longest of any Chinese animated movie to date, Chang An describes the decades-long friendship of Li Bai, arguably the country's most beloved poet, and Gao Shi, his close friend and a noted poet as well, and also 7.____________ (reveal) the dynasty's transition from peak prosperity to decline due to the unrest caused by An Lushan, who was once one of Emperor Xuanzong's most favored 8.____________ (general). Xie Junwei, who co-directs the movie with Zou Jing, says that he made multiple trips to Xi'an in search of inspiration during the production, 9.________ (add) that the small statues and ancient paintings exhibited at the Shaanxi History Museum provided them with 10.__________________ (value) ideas for the film. adding valuable/invaluable 1.能否在英语考试中取得好成绩是我最担心的问题。 (what主语从句/whether 引导表语从句） __________________________is _______________________________________. 2.众所周知，学好英语是很重要的. （主语从句） _________________________________________________. 3.那是因为它是一种国际语言.（表语从句） It is_______________________________________ /The reason is______________________________. What worries me most It is known to all that it is important to learn English well because it is an international language. that it is an international language whether I can get a good mark in English 翻译练习 4.在我看来学习的成功主要取决于一个人是否有决心。 (whether宾语从句) . In my opinion, success in study depends mainly on ————————————————————————. 5.我的愿望是能被一所重点大学录取。 （表语从句） My hope is ________________________________________ whether one can have great determination that I can be admitted to a key university. 6.事实是我的英语学得不好。（主语从句/表语从句） _________________I don’t do well in English. _________________I don’t do well in English. 7.我现在要做的是采取措施学好英语。（主语从句） What _____________________________________________________ . 8.我坚信我会掌握好英语的。(同位语从句) ___________________________ I’ll have a good command of English . I hold the firm belief that It is a fact that The fact is that I should do now is to take measures to master English THANKS! 48 $$