Unit4 Living with Technology Reading Language pionts课件- 2024-2025学年高中英语牛津译林版选择性必修第二册

Unit 4 Living with technology Reading (II) Useful Expressions imagine doing sth. 2. with the option of doing sth. 3. （建造）空中楼阁 4. at a very rapid rate 5. come true 1. 想象做某事 2. 可以选择做某事 3. (build) castles in the air 4. 以飞快的速度 5. 实现 Para. 1 1. It may seem like building castles in the air, but given the rate at which artificial intelligence, or AI, is being developed, in the future such dreams may actually come true. 也许这看上去像建造空中楼阁一样不切实际，但是考虑到目前人工智能的发展速度，将来这样的梦想真的很可能会实现。 (1) 句中build castle in the air本意为“建造空中楼阁”，可 引申为“幻想，空想” e.g. Many of his ideas, which were believed to be castles in the air, have turned into reality. ..., but _______(give) the rate at which artificial intelligence, or AI, is being developed, in the future such dreams may actually come true. (2).句中given 为____词, 意为_______，相当于______________。 given作形容词时，表示“给定的”，常作前置定语。 a. Given his age, he's a remarkably fast runner. 考虑到他的年龄，他可称得上是个很出众的赛跑运动员了。 b. _________ (give) (the fact) that he‘s had six months to do this, he hasn’t made much progress. 考虑到他有六个月的时间来做这件事，所以他没有取得多大进展。 介 considering Given 考虑到 given ..., but given the rate at _______ artificial intelligence, or AI, is being developed, in the future such dreams may actually come true. 但是考虑到目前人工智能的发展速度，将来这样的梦想真的很可能会实现。 (3). 句式分析： but given the rate…为介词短语，在句中作____ 语，表_____. at which 引导_________，修饰_________。主句是：________________ ______________________________________. 状 定语从句 the rate in the future which 条件 such dreams may actually come true. at the basic level 以……为目标；旨在…… be capable of doing sth. adjust to sth. 执行任务 实现这个目标 Para.2 从基础层面上讲 a branch of aim to do sth. 有能力做某事 ; 能够做某事 适应…… perform tasks Useful Expressions approach to (doing) sth. put forward 使某人能够做某事 有能力做某事 massive amounts of 接近；通往…的方法;做某事的方法 提出（观点、建议、方案、办法、理论等） enable sb to do sth. have the capacity to do sth. 大量的，海量的 2. One of the essential aims of AI ____ (be) to develop computer intelligence capable of learning from experience, adjusting to new inputs and performing tasks like humans. AI的基本目标之一是开发能够学习过往经验、适应新的输入内容并且能够像人类一样执行任务的计算机智能。 1). to develop computer intelligence 在句子中作_____ . 2).介词 of 之后的 learning from experience, adjusting to new inputs 和 performing tasks like humans是三个并列动名词短语作介词of的 ____________ 表语 并列宾语 is 3.To achieve this aim, many approaches to __________ (create) true AI have been put forward,.... put off put on put out put up put up with put away put aside 推迟 =delay/postpone 穿上，戴上；上演；展出；增加体重 扑灭 搭建；张贴 忍受，容忍 把……收起/放好 把……放在一边;储存 ；搁置；抛开 creating 人们提出了许多创造真正人工智能的方法。 ① We put _____ the tools before we leave the workshop. ② Never put _____ until tomorrow what you can do today. ③ We are putting the play _____ again next week owing to(由于) its success. ④ The fire man soon put the fire _____. ⑤ The doctor told me to put _____ my tongue. ⑥ It's time that we put _____ the Christmas decorations（装饰物） in the living room. ⑦ Drop your weapons and put your hands _____. ⑧ Another supermarket has been put _____ near our house. ⑨ I can't put up  _____ a lot of noisy people when I am working. away off on out out up up up with 放好，收起来 延期，拖延 上演，穿戴 熄灭，扑灭，使...停止燃烧 伸出，拿出 挂起，张贴 举起，抬起 建造，搭起 忍受，容忍 4. Deep-learning AI has the capacity __________ (analyse) massive amounts of data through multiple layers, imitating the complex networks of the human brain. 深度学习人工智能拥有从多个层分析海量信息的能力，它模拟的是人脑的复杂网络结构。 capacity n. ______________________________________________ a capacity for (doing) sth. /a capacity to do sth. 做某事的能力 with a capacity of 容量为 a. 人类生来就有创造的能力。 Humans are all born with ______________________________. 伴随状语 the capacity to create /be creative 领悟(或理解、办事）能力：容量,容积;职位，职责;生产量 to analyse 判断下列句中capacity 的意思： 1). The hall has a seating capacity of 500. 2). This is a fuel tank with a capacity of 80 liters. 3). She organized the meeting in her capacity as monitor. 4). The factory is working at full capacity to provide enough products. 5). Our capacity for giving care, love, and attention is limited. 语法填空： ①. A reservoir (水库) ______ a capacity of over 30,000 cubic metres is being built now in the east of the town. ②. Every moving object has the capacity _________ (do ) work. 容量 容积 职位、身份 产量 能力 with to do make sth a reality 在……方面，在……领域 一个重大突破 在...上的一大显著进展 1. 使某事成为现实 2. in the field of 3. a major breakthrough 4. a significant advance in Useful Expressions Para.3 5. Years before the term “artificial intelligence” was coined in the mid-1950s, the theory had been explored by Alan Turing, ... “人工智能”这个术语是在20世纪50年代中期被创造出来的，而在好几年前，这一理论就被Alan Turing探索过。 1>coin 作_____ ，意为：__________ a. With the development of language, many new terms were coined. 随着语言的发展， 许多新的词语被创造出来。 2>coin 作名词，意为：_________ the other/opposite side of the coin two sides of the same coin Each coin has two sides. 创造 动词 硬币 事情的另一面 同一事物的两个方面 任何事物都有两面性。/每个硬币都有两面。 练习： ①. The technology needs ___________________(coin), or it won't follow the step of the society. ②.我之前从末听过这一词语，据说是新创造的。 I haven't heard the expression before, ____________________________ . ③. 正如俗语所说的那样，焦何事物都直两面性。 As the saying goes,_____________________. coining/to be coined which is said to be newly coined each coin has two sides 6. Then in 2017, a computer program named AlphaGo defeated Ke Jie, arguably the best human Go player, which demonstrated a significant advance in deep-learning AI systems. 之后在2017年，一个叫阿尔法围棋的计算机程序赢了可谓人类最强的围棋棋手柯洁，这说明了深度学习AI系统的一大显著进步。 分析： 1>句子主干__________________________________ 2>named AlphaGo 在句子中做_______________ 3>arguably the best human Go player 在句子中做的是__________ 4>which引导_______________________________________ 后置定语 同位语 非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个主句。 a computer program defeated Ke Jie 被应用在…… 略举几例，不一而足 autonomous vehicles domestic robots 即时翻译 识别人们的指纹甚至面容 be applied in to name but a few 自动驾驶车辆 家用机器人 instant translation recognize fingerprints and even faces Useful Expressions Para.4 7. Nowadays, AI is already being applied in many fields: finance, health care, machine translation and art, to name but a few. 如今，AI已经应用于许多领域，如金融、医疗保健、机器翻译和艺术等，仅举几例。 finance n. 财政，金融;资金; 财力，财源;财务管理 vt. 为……提供资金 government / public / personal finances 政府/公共/个人财力 e.g. Finance for education comes from advertisement income. financial adj. 金融的；财政的；财务的 financially adv. 财政上；财务上 【语境应用】单句语法填空。 2) It’s reported that the project will __________ (finance) by a company. 3) Provide __________ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. (2021 全国I卷) 4) She’s been struggling _____________ (finance) for years since her husband died in an accident. be financed financial financially (1) 表示列举实例的短语，“等等” and so on; and so on and so forth; and others; and other things; and all that; this, that and the other; and the like; and what have you (2) make a name for oneself 使自己出名 in / under the name of 用……作名字，以……的名义 to name but a few: just as some examples among many more 略举几例 e.g. Bees and bats, to name but a few, can see what humans can’t. 1. in short 2. at a turning point 3. the dividing line 4. promise sb sth 5. be/work to one’s advantage 6. commit crimes 7. become dependent on... 8. urge sb to do sth 9. spell the end of... 总之；简而言之 处于转折点 分界线 答应某人某事；承诺某人某事 对某人有利 犯罪 变得依赖 敦促某人 / 强烈要求某人做某事 预示着......的结束 Useful Expressions Para.5 8. While AI enthusiasts promise us a bright future _______ intelligent robots will be working to our advantages, these undoubted benefits also bring concerns and fears. L 36 AI的热烈支持者向我们承诺未来会是美好的，到那时智能机器人将为人类谋利，但这些毋庸置疑的好处也带来了忧虑和恐惧。 1). 句子结构分析： while:“虽然”，引导_____状语从句。where引导_______从句，修饰_______。 2). where用法： where引导定语从句，所修饰的先行词可以是表示具体地点的名词，也可以是抽象化的名词，如point, policy, position, situation, case, condition等，where 在从句中做___________。 让步 定语 future 地点状语 where 判断句中where引导的从句类型： (1)Opposite is St Paul’s Church, where you can hear some lovely music. ______________ (2)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their homework. _____________ (3)My father grow up where he was born. _______________ (4)That is where I was when the accident happened. ___________ (5)Where the old man is from is still a puzzle. ____________ (6)She raised the question where we could get the fund. __________ 定语从句 定语从句 地点状语从句 表语从句 主语从句 同位语从句 9. Would thinking machines work alongside humans or threaten the existence of humans？ 能够思考的机器是会与人类井肩工作，还是会威胁人类的生存？ threaten vt. 危及，对…构成威胁；威胁，恐吓 threat n.恐吓，威吓 threatened adj. 受到威胁的 threatening adj. 威胁的 threaten to do sth. 威胁要做某事 under threat 受到威胁：被威胁或面临危险的状态 单句语法填空 ① In both Africa and Asia, elephants ____________________(threaten) by changes in their natural habitats at present. ② Because of the drought, the people in this area are threatened _________the poor harvest. ③ There are several things you can do to defend your home against this _________(threaten). ④ It is said that many precious species are _______threat from human activities. ⑤ Make sure there are no ______________(threat) threatening tones in your proposal. are being threatened with/by threatening under threat 10. How would they be punished if they committed crimes or even murdered humans? 如果它们犯了罪甚至谋杀了人类，又该如何惩罚？ 虚拟情况 if条件句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 与现在事实相反 过去式(be用were) would/ could/ might/ should+动词原形 与将来事实相反 ① 过去式(be用were) ②should+动词原形 ③were to+动词原形 would/ could/might/ should+动词原形 与过去事实相反 had+过去分词 would / could/ might/ should+ have+过去分词 含if从句 虚拟语气 e.g. If I were you, I would go with her to learn the matter at once. (与现在事实相反) If it should rain tomorrow, you could stay at home. (与将来事实相反) If I had known your telephone number yesterday, I would have phoned you. (与过去事实相反) 【语境应用】单句语法填空。 1) I wish that man ____________ (speak) longer at that time. 2) What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _________ __________ (have) a good time together. had spoken would have had commit v. 做出(错事); 犯(罪);承诺, 保证;花（钱或时间） 全心投入(工作、活动等) commit oneself 承担义务；做出承诺 commit oneself to sth. commit oneself to doing sth. e.g. If you commit a crime, you can never escape being punished. If you want to achieve good grades, you should commit more time to your studies. The government must commit itself to improving health care. Beginning a career means that one should commit to it a hundred percent. 【语境应用】完成句子。 1) When taken to the police station for questioning, the man said, “I have never ___________ ________ ________ (犯任何罪).” 2) She has ___________ ________ ________ ________ (答应去看) a doctor at once. 3) They’ll have to ________ ________ ________ (花更多的钱) to the project if they want it to succeed. 4) They have ________ ________ ____________ (作出承诺) to keep working together to cope with the issue. made a commitment committed any crime     committed herself to seeing commit more money murder vt. 谋杀，凶杀 n. 谋杀，凶杀 get away with murder 逍遥法外；(做了错事而)安然无事 commit (a) murder 犯谋杀罪 e.g. He was found guilty of murder. Thousands of civilians were brutally murdered during the civil war. She lets those kids get away with murder. 11. As we become more and more dependent on computers, some scientist are urging us ________( think) about the dangers _______( pose) by the advances in AI. (L42) 随着我们对电脑的依赖越来越深，一些科学家正敦促我们思考AI的进步所带来的危险。 1).urge vt. 敦促/催促;大力推荐,竭力主张;驱赶,鞭策 n. 冲动,强烈的欲望 urgency n. 紧急 urgent adj. 紧急的, 急迫的 urgently adv.紧急地，急迫地 催促某人做某事 urge sb. to do sth. = urge (that) sb. (should) do sth. = It is urged that sb. (should) do sth. 她力劝他留下。 She urged him to stay.= She urged that he should stay. = It is urged that he should stay. to think posed 单句语法填空 ① She was surprised at the _______(urge) in his voice and didn't know how to work. ② It _________ (urge) that the spirit of Lei Feng should be greatly advocated（提倡） in today's society. ③ They've made an ________ (urge ) request for good methods of learning English. ④ It is urged _______ you (should ) set out to carry out these tasks at once. urgency is urged urgent that 2) pose vt. 造成，产生； 提问、质询；摆好姿势 n. （为拍照、画像等摆的）姿势；故作姿态，装腔作势 pose a threat/challenge/danger/risk 构成威胁/挑战/危险/风险 pose as 摆出⋯的样子，装作… pose for 为⋯摆好姿势 make a pose 装腔作势 poser n. 装腔作势的人 判断句中pose的含义： a. His humility（谦逊） is only a pose. b.We posed in front of the school gate for a group photograph. c.This could pose a threat to jobs in the traditional industry. d. After the lecture, the live audience will pose questions. 装腔作势，故作姿态 摆好姿势 造成 提问 单句语法填空： ① After a short orientation（情况介绍）, participants will each get a chance to pose ______a photo. ② Tom posed______a student to gain the entrance to the school. ③ Many writers were modestly making ___pose, but Ford seemed to be the same outside and inside. ④ His ill health ________ (pose) serious problems for the future. for as poses a 1. demand our attention 2. fall victim to 3. allow sb. to do sth. 4. wish for 1. 需要引起我们的重视 2. 成为…的牺牲品/受害者 3. 允许某人做某事 4. 盼望，希望得到 Useful Expressions Para.6 12. Apparently , such _________(warn) demand our attention。 显然，这样的警告需要得到我们的重视。 1). warning n.警告，警示，先兆；警戒 adj.警告的，告诚的 warning of/ about sth. 关于某事的警告 warning against (doing) sth. 不要做某事的警告 What are the most important warning signals that a pandemic is about to start？ 大流行病将要暴发的最重要的警告信号是什么？ warnings warn vi. & vt. 警告，告诚;提醒注意（可能发生的事） warn sb. of/ about/against sth. 提醒/告诫某人注意某事 warn sb. (not）to do sth. 告诚/警告/提醒某人（不）做某事 warn sb. (that)…警告/告诚/提醒某人⋯ 单句语法填空 ① Scientists have built an early ___________(warn) system based on mathematical models. ② Family experts warn_________the new equality can also result in less respect for parents. ③ The illuminator（照明灯）did not cast much light, but it warned ______ an approaching train. warning that of 2). demand vt 需要；强烈要求 n. 要求，所需之物；需求，需要 demanding adj. 要求多/高的，吃力的 demand to do sth. 要求做某事 demand sth. from sb. 向某人索取某物 demand that. 从句用“(should ＋）动词原形”表虚拟语气 = /It is demanded that… 要求 in （great）demand 需求大，受欢迎 a/ the demand for 对…的需求/要求 meet/ satisfy one’s demands (for…) 满足某人对…的需求/要求 单句语法填空 ① His job on stage as a page turner is ____________(demand). ② Today, language skills are _______ high demand on the job market. ③ My father, an educated man, demanded that I ___________(go) to a key university. ④ They said that they could satisfy our _____________ (demand) what ever we needed. ⑤ She demanded ___________(tell) everything about the accident because she was concerned about it. demanding a (should )go demands to be told 翻译句子： 1、如果你不从现在开始就努力学习，你考进重点大学的抱负就只 能是空中楼阁。 If you don't study hard from now on, you ambition to enter a top university is just a caltse in the air. 2、考虑到他们缺乏经验,他们已经做得不错了。(given) Given their inexperience, they've done a good job. 3、今年7月，她上大学的梦想成真了 Her wish to enter the college came ture in September this year. 4、有些人担心人工智能将给人类招致灾难。 Some people worry that aritificial intelligence will spell disaster for mankind. 二、语法填空： With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, many sweet dreams like a robot doing all the work for you may 1. ___________ (realize). 2._____a branch of computer science that aims to develop intelligent machines, AI is designed for better work and higher efficiency, and people have been in pursuit of the dream of AI for many years. Especially in 2017, a computer program named AlphaGo beat Ke Jie, 3.__________(show) a large leap in AI systems. be realized As showing Today, AI has been used in quite a few fields, such as looking after patients, 4.___________(perform) surgeries, writing novels, driving, translating, to name 5. ____ a few. People feel their life is becoming more and more 6. __________ (convenience). This technology is changing our lifestyle for the better. However, 7. ______ machines taking the place of humans, here 8. ____(be) concerns and fears. People will become more 9. _______(rely) on AI machines and they may pose a great threat to the existence of humans, spelling the end of the human race. To conclude, we should sincerely welcome the 10. ________ (arrive) of AI, but meanwhile, we should be careful of the hidden danger of it. performing but convenient with reliant arrival are $$