内容正文:
1.interaction n.交流 →
___________v.交流
2.vary v.变化,改变→
__________n.变化,多样性
__________adj.各种各样的
3.appropriate adj.合适的→
______________adv.合适地
4.approve v.赞成,同意→
____________n.赞成,同意
5.demonstrate v.表现,说明
→_____________ n.表现
6.employ v.使用,雇佣→
____________n.使用,雇佣
7.interpret v.理解,口译→
____________n.理解,口译
8.differ v.相异,不同于→
____________adj.不相同的→
____________n.差异,不同
9.anger n/v.愤怒,生气→
__________adj.生气的
10.reliable adj.可靠的
__________v.依靠,依赖—
interact
variety
various
appropriately
approval
demonstration
employment
interpretation
different
difference
angry
rely
11.slight adj.轻微的→
________adv.稍微
12.assess v.评价,评估→
___________n.评价
13.internal adj.内部的→
__________adj.外部的
14.educator n.教育者→
___________v.教育→
___________n.教育→
___________adj.有教育意义的
___________adj.有教养的
15.barely adv.几乎不,勉强→
________adj.赤裸的,光秃的
16.occupy v.占据,占领→
_________ n.占据→
____________adj.被占据的
17.distract v.分散,分心→
__________n.分散,分心→
______________adj.分心的
18.perceive v.察觉,看待→
__________ n.察觉,理解
slightly
assessment
external
educate
education
educational
educated
bare
occupation
occupied
distraction
distracted
perception
19.distinguish v.区分,辨别→
____________ adj.卓越的,杰出的
20.anxiety n.焦虑,担忧→
________adj.焦虑的
21.embarrass v.使尴尬→
________ __ n. 尴尬→
_____________adj.感到尴尬的→
_____________ adj.令人尴尬的
22.shame n/v.尴尬,丢脸→
__________adj.羞愧的,难堪的→
__________adj.丢脸的,可耻的
23.inquire v.询问→
_________n.询问
24.ultimately adv.最终→
___________adj.最终的
25.adjust v.调整→_________ n.调整
26.react v.反应,回应→
_________n.反应,回应
distinguished
anxious
embarrassment
embarrassed
embarrassing
ashamed
shameful
inquiry
ultimate
adjustment
reaction
与…的交流/合作(InInteraction)
与…交流,与…相互作用/影响(Interact)
在…方面不同(vary)
从…到…变化(vary)
随着…的变化(vary)
各种各样的(variety)
赞成/同意做某事(approve)
同意某人做事(approve)
得到某人的赞同/赞许( approval)
雇佣某人做某事(employ)
雇佣某人当(employ)
失业(employment)
在…方面不同(differ)
与…不同(differ)
请某人帮忙(favour)(2种)
帮某人一个忙(favour)(2种)
赞成(favour)
对某人有利(favour)
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忙于做某事(occupy/occupied)
忙于某事 (occupy/occupied)
盯着看,凝视(stare )
凝视着远方(stare )
上下打量某人(stare )
分辨/区分A和B(distinguish )
使…有别于…(distinguish )
(作为…)…表现突出(distinguish )
因…而出名(distinguished )
焦虑地(anxiety )
为…担心/挂念(anxious)
渴望做某事;急于做某事(anxious)
渴望某人做某事(anxious)
希望…做某事(anxious)
费心做某事(bother)
因某事打扰或麻烦某人(bother)
使某人苦恼的是(bother)
做某事让某人苦恼(bother)
给某人添乱(bother)
毫不费力地(bother)
适应于(做)某事(adjust)
使自己适应/适应于(adjust)
调整…以适应…(adjust)
对…进行调整(adjustment)
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(1)As object of verbs
常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆:
喜欢考虑要想象 (enjoy, consider, imagine/fancy)
介意冒险可避免 (mind, risk, avoid)
允许承认不喜欢 (allow, admit, dislike)
欣赏错过可理解 (appreciate, miss, understand)
主张完成不拖延 (advocate, finish, delay/postpone) /poʊˈspoʊn/
建议坚持勤练习 (suggest/advise/recommend, keep, practice)
反对逃避不放弃 (oppose/resist, escape, quit)
Analysis
1.The –ing form used as Object.
(2)As object of prepositions
介词后需用动名词作宾语。以下“动词(+名词/形容词/副词)+介词”结构,其后如果出现非谓语动词形式,只能用动名词。其中的to皆为介词,而不是不定式符号。
admit to doing sth. 承认做过某事
object to doing sth. 反对做某事
be/get/become used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事
be equal to doing sth. 能胜任做某事 stick to doing sth. 坚持做某事
devote oneself to doing sth. 全身心投入做某事 insist on doing sth. 坚持做某事
get down to doing sth. 开始着手做某事 lead to doing sth. 导致做某事
look forward to doing sth. 盼望着做某事 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
put off doing sth. 推迟做某事 feel like doing sth. 想要做某事
②在有些动词的后面,如:start,begin,continue,love,hate,prefer,like等既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语,两者意义区别不大。
v-ing形式作宾语指经常性的动作
to do 作宾语指具体的动作
③need, require, want, demand, request, deserve作“需要”解时,后面接-ing形式的主动形式或不定式的被动形式,意义上并无差别,即:
(sth.) need/want/require/deserve/request/demand doing = to be done
某物需要被做
(1)动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作,一般说明主语的内容,这种v-ing.形式功能相当于名词。
2.The –ing form used as Predicative.
作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。
(2)现在分词作表语,往往具有形容词的性质,说明主语的性质、特征等。作表语的现在分词,许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有moving(动人的,感人的)、interesting、encouraging(鼓舞人心的)、exciting、inspiring(鼓舞人心的)、boring、surprising、puzzling(令人迷惑的)、amusing(逗人发笑的,有趣的)、astonishing(令人惊讶的)等,这类分词表示“令人……的”,常修饰物。
注:作表语的不定式短语通常是说明主语的内容,这时的主语通常是 hope、idea、job、plan、wish、aim、purpose、thing、business等名词。
v.-ed 形式作表语表示主语所处的状态或主语的感受,
常被译为“感到……的”
The boy’s exam results were disappointing. His parents felt disappointed.
这个小男孩的考试成绩令人失望,他的父母感到很失望。
当被修饰的名词是face, smile, look,expression 等
能表现出人的感情的名词时,通常-ed 形式的形容词。
a wortied look 焦虑的神色
an excited voice 激动的声音
(3)表语:系动词之后的句子成分称为表语,一起常称“系表结构”。
存在系动词:be动词,意为“是...”
感官系动词:feel/sound/taste/smell 摸起来/听上去/尝起来/闻起来
表象系动词:appear/look/seem 看起来
变化系动词:get/go/grow/turn/become 变得
持续系动词:keep/remain 仍然
Summary: V-ing used as object and predictive
frown /fraʊn/ 皱眉
stare/glare at 瞪眼
eye contact 目光接触
yawn/jɔːn/ 打哈欠
stick out one's tongue吐舌头
face to face 面对面
make a face 做鬼脸
shake one's head 摇头
nod one's head 点头
hold up one's head 抬头
turn one's head away扭头
shake hands 握手
put up one's hands 举手
with arms akimbo /əˈkɪmbəʊ/ 双手叉腰
sit cross-legged 盘腿而坐
sit with legs crossed 跷二郎腿
lift one's leg(s) 抬腿
stretch oneself 伸懒腰
grovel /ˈɡrɒv(ə)l 匍匐
huddle /ˈhʌd(ə)l/ 蜷缩
squat on the heels /skwɒt/ 蹲下
shudder/ˈʃʌdə(r)/ 发抖
snuggle/ˈsnʌɡ(ə)l/ 依偎
sit up straight 端坐
get down on one's knees 下跪
wave one's hands 挥手
applaud /əˈplɔːd/ 鼓掌
hand in hand 手拉手
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cross one's fingers 十指交叉
stretch one's arms 伸开双臂
arm in arm 挽着手臂
fold one's arms 双臂合抱
shrug/ʃrʌɡ/ 耸肩
shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩
bow 鞠躬
stand upside down 倒立
hug 拥抱
hop/hɒp/ 单脚跳
squint /skwɪnt/ 眯眼
make eyes at sb. 暗送秋波
raise one's eyebrows 抬起眉毛
sniffle/ˈsnɪfl/ 吸鼻子
grin/ɡrɪn/ 露齿而笑
pout /paʊt/ 噘嘴,绷脸
gnash /næʃ/ 咬牙切齿
speak to each other's ears交头接耳
palm up/down/pɑːm/ 掌心向上/下
thumb up /θʌm/ 竖大拇指
tweak one's ears and /twiːk/ 抓耳挠腮
stretch out one's hands 伸手
stamp /stæmp/ 跺脚
tiptoe/ˈtɪptəʊ/ 踮脚
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