Unit3 Food and Culture Discover useful structures 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

【版本：人教　册别：选必二】 Discovering useful structures UNIT 3 FOOD AND CULTURE contents The Structure of the Past Perfect Tense Ⅰ The Comparison between the Past Perfect Tense and the Present Perfect Tense Five Usages of the Past Perfect Tense Ⅱ Homework III Ⅳ 2 Ⅰ The Structure of the Past Perfect Tense 3 Observe and Discover 1. The chef had set up a farm-to-table restaurant before his new cookbook was published. 2. A Sichuan restaurant had been recommended to us by a friend, and finally, we found it. 3. They had finished their dinner by the time Sam joined them. 4. Most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 5. Their dinner had been finished by the time Sam joined them. 1．以上句子中所用的时态都是__________________________ 2．句1，3，4中使用的是过去完成时的________语态，其基本结构是“________________”。 3．句2和句5中使用的是过去完成时的________语态，其基本结构是“__________________”。 过去完成时 主动 had +过去分词 被动 had been +过去分词 4 基本结构： 被动语态： 基本含义：过去完成时表示在_______某一时刻已经 完成的动作，即“____________”。 Past Future had done Present “过去的过去” The Past Perfect Tense had +过去分词 had been +过去分词 过去 过去的过去 5 Five Usages of the Past Perfect Tense Ⅱ 6 1. When the police arrived, the thief had run away. 2. Before he volunteered to direct the traffic, Tom had lost lots of jobs. 3. He hadn’t finished it by yesterday evening. The Usage of the Tense (1) 总结:表示____________________就已经完成或结束的动作。 即学即练1： 1. By the end of June, they ______________ (treat) over 800 patients. 2. Up till then we ____________(cover) only half the distance. had treated had covered 过去某时或某动作之前 1. Kevin had been a newspaper reporter for two years before he became a businessman. 2. Fred told me that he had known Linda since he was a child. came （2）_____________________________________________ __________________常与for，since等引导的时间状语连用。 had worked The Usage of the Tense (2) 即学即练2： 1. He said he ____________ (work) in that factory since 1949. 2. I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally _____ (come). 过去某一时间的动作或状态持续到过去另一时间, 有时可能继续下去 We had intended to have a barbecue in the open air, but the weather was bad. I had hoped to see more of Shanghai. The Usage of the Tense (3) （3）常用hope, expect, suppose, think, want, wish等动词的过去完成时表示过去_________的愿望、计划或者打算。 had planned had wished 即学即练3： 1. I __________ (wish) to become a doctor, but I studied law at college. 2. They ____________ (plan) to see us off at the airport. 未实现 1. Scarcely had the votes been counted, when the telephone rang. 2. No sooner had I walked out than I remembered that I forgot my homework. 3. Hardly had we sat down to supper when the phone rang. The Usage of the Tense (4) What are the meanings and features of the following sentences? 固定句型1：（刚……就……） Hardly / Scarcely ... when ；No sooner ... than否定词置于______，需要_________。主句用_____________，从句用____________。 句首 过去完成时 一般过去时 部分倒装 1. 我刚到车站，火车就开了。(scarcely ... when ...) 即学即练4： Hardly had the result been announced when the crowd applauded. The result had hardly been announced when the crowd applauded. I had scarcely reached the station when the train started. 2. 结果刚一宣布，人们就欢呼起来。(hardly ... when ...) /Scarcely had I reached the station when the train started. 11 即学即练5： 1. It was the first time she _________ (leave) her motherland. 2. It is the first time (that) I _____________ (speak) in public. 3. This _____ (be) the first time I had seen Dad so furious (狂怒的). had left have spoken was 固定句型2：It / This / That was the first / second ... time (+ that) … 这是 / 那是某人第一 / 第二次 / 第……次做…… It was the first time that I had made such a mistake. It is the third time (that) I have been let down by that person. 注意：此句型中，若主语中的be动词为______, 从句中的谓语则用__________；若主句中的be动词为___, 从句中的谓语则用___________。 was is 过去完成时 现在完成时 had read It was the best book that I _____________(read). 它是我读过的最好的一本书。 固定句型3：在“主语＋was /were＋the＋最高级＋名词＋定语从句”句型中，定语从句中常用过去完成时。 had been It was three years since Jack_____________(be) a teacher. 杰克不当老师已经三年了。 固定句型4：“It was +段时间+ since从句”意为“自从….以来有多长时间了”，“多长时间没有做某事了”，主句用一般过去时，从句用过去完成时 The Comparison between the Past Perfect Tense and the Present Perfect Tense Ⅲ 14 1. Tom has eaten his supper. 2. Tom had eaten his supper in the canteen before he went back home. 1. The family have not finished breakfast. 2. The family were still at table, but they had finished breakfast. 现在完成时强调______________________________； 过去完成时强调___________________________________。 Try to compare the following two sets of sentences. 动作或状态开始于过去，也结束于过去 过去的动作对现在的影响 15 1. I ___________ (eat) lots of cakes so far. 2. I _________ (eat) lots of cakes till then. 3. Tom ____________ (finish) writing his novel by the end of last year. 4. Tom ____________ (finish) writing his novel. 5. Tom ________________ (finish) writing his novel by the end of next year. 6. Tom _________ (finish) writing his novel last year. have eaten had eaten had finished has finished will have finished finished 即学即练 16 过去完成时和过去完成时的被动语态 1. 结构 Summary 2. 用法 3. 过去完成时和现在完成时的区别 （1）主动语态：had+过去分词 （2）被动语态：had+been+过去分词 （1）表示过去某时或某动作之前就已经完成或结束的动作。 （2）过去某一时间的动作或状态持续到过去另一时间，有时 可能继续下去，常与for，since等引导的时间状语连用 （3）常用hope, expect, suppose, think, want, wish等动词的过 去完成时表示过去未实现的愿望、计划或者打算。 （4）Hardly / Scarcely ... when ；No sooner ... than主句用过 去完成时，从句用一般过去时。 （5）It / This / That was the first / second ... time (+ that) … （6）在“主语＋was /were＋the＋最高级＋名词＋定语从句 （7） It was +段时间+ since从句 现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在的影响； 过去完成时强调动作或状态开始于过去，也结束于过去。 1. Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I _________ (keep) telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. (2020 全国Ⅰ卷) 2. Instead, one activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, ___________ (arrive) before other activists with a sign praising the filmmakers: “Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!” (2020 全国Ⅲ卷改) have kept had arrived Homework 3. Arriving at the party hurriedly, we ______ (be) disappointed to find that the band ___________ (stop) playing. 4. Hardly ______ he left the room when the traveler entered. 5. Ehlers called the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them that their dog ________________ (find). (2019 全国Ⅱ卷改) 6. Last winter, when I _______ (go) there again, they _______ (have) a big separate house to raise dozens of chickens. (2018 全国Ⅰ卷) had stopped were had had been found went had 7. Ben __________ (move) to England with his mum when he was three and it _________ (be) 13 years since I had last seen him. (2018 全国Ⅱ卷) 8. This is the first time he ______________ (confront) an armed robber. 9. Millions of years ago, dinosaurs roamed (漫步) the earth, but they ____________ (become) extinct by the time humankind first appeared. has confronted had moved had been had become 10. Mary, when questioned why she ___________ (cheat) in the exam, just lowered her head and ______ (keep) silent. 11. Since then, Ricky ____________ (decide) to become a “Maximum Efficiency Boy”, and ____ (put) real care into how he treated his things. 12. Hardly had I _____ (come) out of the railway station when my parents _____ (run) to me and _______ (help) me carry my luggage. had cheated come kept has decided helped put ran Last year, my brother and I _____ (go) to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who _________ (be) there before said it was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we ____________ (plan) for months. When the day came, we were ready. had been had planned went After our plane _______ (land), we went to the hotel. We __________ (make) our reservation six months earlier, but the man at the front desk said there _________ (be) a mistake. We _________ (tell) that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, but for the week after. I didn’t understand why this would happen and my credit card _______________ (charge) for the reservation. landed had made had been were told had been charged 语篇填空 What’s worse, the hotel _________________ (book) fully. When we ______________ (wonder) what to do, the manager came out. She was surprisingly helpful. She apologized for the mistake and ______ (give) us a spare VIP room on the top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we _______________ (charge) extra. were wondering gave weren’t charged had been booked The next day, my brother and I went to the beach where we ________ (watch) some people play volleyball. We got a little sunburnt, but the day __________ (be) so relaxing that we didn’t mind. watched was Practice $$