精品解析：上海市崇明中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题

上海市崇明中学 2024 学年第一学期期中考试试卷 高二英语 （满分 115 分，答题时间 105 分钟） I. Grammar and Vocabulary (20’) Section A (10’) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The 17-year-old making films fun for deaf children For eight-year-old Toby, who is deaf, watching films or TV can sometimes be a bit pointless, because so many of them don’t have sign language versions. “We have subtitles (字幕) but it goes too fast,” his dad Jarod Mills said. But now, Toby has some help thanks to an app ___1___ (develop) by a 17-year-old student, Mariella Satow, who created a signing app called SignUp. She got the idea when she ___2___ (teach) herself American Sign Language (ASL) — one of hundreds of sign languages used across the world. Manella wanted to watch TV shows to help her learn, and she was disappointed ____3____ (discover) how few had signed versions. It’s taken a year for Mariella to develop the technology, with lots of help from ASL teachers and the deaf community. The app is available in the US as a browser extension—with an interpreter appearing in a box ___4___ the film starts playing. It only works on Disney Plus films at the moment, because that’s ___5___ Mariella thought she could help the most children. Jarod, ___6___ works at a school for deaf children, says it was “exciting” watching Toby use Mariella’s invention. He says, “Kids are getting information like any hearing child does.” Deaf people in the UK face many of the same barriers when it comes to cinema and TV. “A hearing person ___7___ go to the cinema any time whereas deaf people have to make sure there’s a suitable viewing a time we’re free,” says 27-year-old Stacey Worboys from Cardiff. She has learned British Sign Language(BSL), and is comfortable using subtitles when watching TV shows and films. But she feels having an interpreter would make things ____8____ (inclusive), especially for someone who might struggle with subtitles. Stacey and Toby aren’t the only people to be welcoming Mariella’s app. It’s now got thousands of users, and she’s working long days to balance it with her A-level studies. The time difference from New York to her school in Rugby, Warwickshire, means she sets her alarm for 5am. She admits it’s “a bit tough” – but the silver lining is it gives her time to work on SignUp once lessons are over. The positive reaction from teachers and parents has kept Mariella ____9____ (motivate) to face the early starts.” The most meaningful comments are when it’s the first time a child _____10_____ (have) full access to a movie. The numbers don’t really matter. Instead, it’s the messages,” she says. Section B (10’) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. ignore B. created C. donating D. opportunity E. pick F. purchase G. promoting H. recycle I. rewarding J. serving K. started Amazing Kids of the Month — Hannah and Alexander Laman Hannah and Alexander Laman, 11-year-old twins from Ohio, love reading. They both love reading so much that it is almost impossible to ___11___ a favourite book. “I have many favourite books. If I had to select one, it would be Believe It or Not,” Hannah said. So when these two young bookworms heard that some children didn’t have access to books, they believed that was a problem they just couldn’t ___12___. In 2011, they ___13___ Adopt A Book, an organisation that donates books to schools and programmes in need. “We wanted to make a difference because we love reading lots of books,” Alexander said. They ___14___ by sharing their own books, and then the organisation grew by taking book donations from others. So far, the twins’ organisation has donated over 45,000 books to schools, and programmes ___15___ children in need from Cincinnati to as far away as Zimbabwe. With a successful book-___16___ organisation that just keeps expanding what’s ahead for these two? Well, they’ve already started it! Hannah and Alexander are ___17___ literacy for children through their Little Free Library. “The library is free and you can take a book and leave a book.” the twins’ mum, Angela, explained. This has encouraged many kids and adults to ___18___ their reading materials and also encourage others to read. The twins have received many rewards through improving literacy. “Other kids have the ___19___ to read and own books of their own. That’s the most ___20___ part of sharing books with others.” said Hannah. Maybe you want to start small. Collect gently-used books from your home that you don’t need anymore, and donate them to Adopt A Book. Any little bit that you can do truly makes a difference! II. Reading Comprehension (45’) Section A (15’) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The disposable culture The disposable (一次性的) culture started small. In1892 William Painter, founder of the Baltimore Bottle Seal Company, patented the bottle cap. The bottles were returned and refilled, but the bottle caps were ____21____. They only worked once. Painter’s chief salesman at the time was called Mr Gillette, who went on to apply the same principle to his own invention, the disposable version-cameras, contact lenses, barbecues- but the ____22____ has been taken a step further. For ____23____ reasons, most of the electrical equipment that we buy for the home is effectively disposable. This is because it is usually cheaper to ____24____ them than to mend them. This applies not just to radios and toasters, but also to fridges, televisions and dishwashers. We now live in a disposable culture. Most people feel ____25____ this new trend. We know we should be reducing the amount of waste we produce and recycling as much as possible although despite all our efforts, landfill continues to increase. It’s hard to slip a CD player into the bottom of the rubbish these days without feeling ____26____ especially if you suspect that all it needs is a simple repair. But who ____27____ that sort of thing these days? And how much would they charge you? With persistence, one may still ____28____ someone out there willing to make the necessary repairs to your broken bread-making machine, but even they will feel obliged to inform you that, given the likely price of the ____29____, you’ d probably be better off throwing away the old one and buying the latest model. To ____30____ that something should be mended even though that will cost more than a brand-new replacement is weird, to say the least. This dilemma (困境) occasionally ____31____ the possibility of fixing the damaged goods yourself. If something is next to ____32____ anyway, why not take it apart and see if you can figure out what’s wrong? I have had particular luck with cheap, plastic, battery-operated children’s toys, where bad manufacture is usually the cause of the ____33____ and some strong glue or tape is usually all it needs to put it right. Small children tend to be impressed by this sort of thing, which is probably the only reason I bother. I wouldn’t suggest you attempt to repair your own microwave, although I managed it once. It was one of the most ____34____ experiences of my life a difficult success to mention in casual conversation, perhaps, but I’m still trying. While some repairs are certainly beyond the ability of the ordinary consumer, many are unbelievably simple. Finding willing ____35____ may be almost impossible, but tracking down spare parts has never been easier now that you can look on the Internet. There are also hundreds of sites offering step-by-step instructions for making repairs. 21. A. turned out B. thrown away C. held out D. kept away 22. A. invention B. concept C. version D. equipment 23. A. historic B. political C. cultural D. economic 24. A. replace B. produce C. maintain D. launch 25. A. motivated by B. accustomed to C. uncomfortable about D. independent of 26. A. wise B. relieved C. bored D. guilty 27. A. removes B. discovers C. fixes D. adjusts 28. A. tell B. miss C. find D. affect 29. A. service B. machine C. information D. part 30. A. doubt B. insist C. know D. recall 31. A. takes up B. puts up C. makes up D. opens up 32. A. worthless B. familiar C. priceless D. unavailable 33. A. fault B. stage C. mistake D. ease 34. A. popular B. disappointing C. accidental D. satisfying 35. A. managers B. salesmen C. repairmen D. deliverers Section B (22’) Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Sia Godika was 13 when she noticed the barefoot children of construction workers at a building site near her house in the upscale Koramangala district of Bangalore, India. “Their feet were bare. Cracked. Hard. Dirty. Bleeding,” reflects Sia, now 17. “They were just walking around that building site like it was an everyday practice for them.” And it was at that moment that Sia realised the troubling contrast to her own privilege. Later that year, with the help of her parents and community volunteers, Sia founded Sole Warriors, a charity dedicated to providing footwear to those in need, epitomized (体现) by its motto: “Donate a sole, save a soul.” The idea, which started as a dinner conversation with her parents, quickly grew. After she spread the word with posters and WhatsApp groups, enquiries from people who wanted to help came flooding in. For months, Sia was juggling schoolwork and her new passion project. “I was up till 2 a.m. creating Excel sheets to see which apartment buildings we could tackle for donations and contacting people.” In its first distribution drive, Sole Warriors collected and gave out 700 pairs of shoes. Today that number stands at around 28,000 across four countries, including the United States, China and Liberia, thanks to the hard work of a core team of about 80 volunteers. But the organization’s growth wasn’t without its challenges. When it came to looking for collaborators, such as a company that would do the repairs and clean up the footwear to look like new free of charge, Sia faced one obstacle after another before finding a partner in India’s Pressto Cobbler. “Being a 13-year-old, I did face a lot of bias because at my age, people were less willing to hear me out,” says Sia. In recognition of her impact, in 2021 Sia was given the Diana Award, given to people aged 9 to 25 in memory of the late Princess of Wales. Awarded by a UK-based charity of the same name, it’s one of the most prestigious honours a young person can receive for social action or humanitarian work. But her work isn’t done. “Our goal has always been to touch a million feet,” she says. 36. The underlined word “upscale” most probably means __________. A. humble B. abandoned C. energetic D. prosperous 37. One of the biggest challenges of Sole Warriors is that __________. A. local people lacked trust in and patience with teenagers like Sia B. just about 80 volunteers came to help Sia in the organization’s infancy C. few companies are willing to do the repairs without financial incentives D. Sia is not good at operating the organization due to her lack of experience 38. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. All for one, one for all B. Walking in someone else’s shoes C. Where there is a will, there is a way D. Nothing ventured, nothing gained 39. Which group of words can best describe Sia’s qualities? A. Patient, self-disciplined and modest. B. Curious, generous and knowledgeable. C. Energetic, ambitious and sympathetic. D. Sensitive, independent and passionate. (B) The five Shakespeare Houses in and around Stratford-upon-Avon offer you an authentic experience of the Stratford world in which the famous dramatist was born, lived and died. Intimately connected with William Shakespeare or his immediate family, those original houses are now owned and cared for by Shakespeare Birthplace Trust OPENING TIMES September—May Mon. — Sat: 10:00 a. m. — 4:00 p. m. Sunday: 10:30 a. m. — 4:00 p. m. June — August Mon. — Sat. :9:00 a. m. — 5:00 p. m. Sunday: 9:30 a. m. — 5:00 p. m. BEST VALUE TICKETS THE THREE IN TOWN SHAKESPEARE HOUSES Adult: £8.5 Child: £4.2 Family：£20.00 ALL FIVE SHAKESPEARE HOUSES Adult: £12.00 Child: £6.00 Family: £29.00 CHILDREN AND STUDENTS TICKETS Under 5: Free Between 5&16: Child rate 17 and over: Adult rate 17 and over and in secondary education: Child rate Two adults and up to three children under 17: Family ticket GROUP VISITS Groups of 20 or more visitors qualify for a 10% discount on ticket prices. For more information, phone 01789-201806 or 201836. SPECIAL VISITS The Houses are open out of hours by special arrangement. They offer a unique setting for functions, dinners, receptions and other events. For more information, phone 01789-201808. EDUCATION GROUPS We welcome visits by organized groups. One member of staff is admitted free with every 10 pupils or students. Additional adults and helpers will be charged at the adult rate. Pupils of primary and secondary schools will be charged at the child rate (valid students ID may be requested). Education groups of 20 or more visitors also qualify for 10% discount on admissions. For more information, phone 01789-201806 or 201836. For 24-hour service, phone 201838. EDUCATION DEPARTMENT The education Department at the Trust organizes many special projects day schools, courses and lectures. If you would like further information, phone 01789-201805. 40. If you are a British travel agent, most probably you will call ________ to know more about group visits. A. 201805 B. 201806 C. 201808 D. 201838 41. If a group of 30 middle school students accompanied by two teachers is to visit the five Shakespeare Houses, how much should they pay for the tickets? A. £162. B. £180. C. £183.6. D. £204. 42. According to the passage which of the following is TRUE? A. Shakespeare lived in all of the five houses. B. The Houses are open longer hours in October than in July. C. To attend lectures concerning Shakespeare, contact 201808 D. You can visit the Houses after 5:00 p. m. if you contact the Trust in advance on 01789-201808. (C) Ancient builders across the world created structures that are still standing today, thousands of years later. Yet the concrete that makes up much of our modern world has a lifespan of around 50 to 100 years. A growing number of scientists have been studying materials from long-ago eras, hoping to uncover how they’ve held up for millennia. Many researchers have turned to the Romans for inspiration. Starting around 200 BCE, the architects of the Roman Empire were building impressive concrete structures that have stood the test of time. Even in harbors, where seawater has been battering structures for ages, you’ll find concrete basically the way it was when it was poured 2,000 years ago. Most modern concrete starts with Portland cement, a powder made by heating limestone and clay to super-high temperatures and crushing them. That cement is mixed with water to create a chemically reactive paste. Then, blocks of material like rock and gravel are added, and the cement paste mixes them into a concrete mass. According to records from ancient architects, the Roman process was similar. The ancient builders mixed materials like burnt limestone and volcanic sand with water and gravel, creating chemical reactions to stick everything together. In a study published earlier this year, Admir Masic, a civil and environmental engineer, proposed that this power comes from blocks of lime that are scattered throughout the Roman material instead of being mixed in evenly. Researchers used to think these blocks were a sign that the Romans weren’t mixing up their materials well enough. Instead, after analyzing concrete samples from Privernum—an ancient city outside of Rome — the scientists found that the blocks could fuel the material’s “self-healing” abilities. When cracks form, water is able to flow into the concrete, Masic explained. That water activates the leftover lime, leading to new chemical reactions that can fill in the damaged sections. The ancient architectures suggested using extracts from local chukum and jiote trees in the lime mix. When researchers tested out the recipe, they found the resulting plaster was especially durable against physical and chemical damage. Studies have found all kinds of natural materials mixed into structures from long ago: fruit extracts, milk, cheese curd, beer, even dung and urine. The paste that holds together some of China’s most famous structures—including the Great Wall and the Forbidden City — includes traces of sticky rice. “Some of these ancient builders might have just gotten lucky”, said Cecilia Pesce, a materials scientist at the University of Sheffield in England, “They’d throw just about anything into their mixes, as long as it was cheap and available.” Today’s builders can’t just copy the ancient recipes. Even though Roman concrete lasted a longtime, it couldn’t hold up heavy loads: “You couldn’t build a modern skyscraper with Roman concrete,” Cecilia said. “It would collapse.” Instead, researchers are trying to take some of the ancient material’s specialties and add them into modern mixes. 43. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Lime blocks in Roman concrete indicate poor mixing of materials. B. Ancient Roman concrete structures have witnessed a long history. C. Modern builders are confused about the Roman method of construction. D The concrete used in modern structures has a lifespan of over 200 years. 44. What is proposed as a possible explanation for the self-healing abilities of Roman concrete? A. The uniform mixing of lime in the concrete. B. The use of extracts from chukum and jiote trees. C. The addition of whatever was within reach in the mix. D. The scattering of blocks of lime throughout the material. 45. The passage mentions that today’s builders can’t simply copy ancient recipes because ______. A. ancient recipes were not well-documented B. ancient materials were too expensive C. ancient materials couldn’t hold up heavy loads D. ancient builders used materials that are no longer available 46. According to the passage, why do some researchers believe ancient builders included various natural materials in their mixes? A. To enhance the beauty of the structures. B. To make the construction process more cost-effective. C. To create structures that were resistant to chemical damage. D. To follow ancient traditions without considering effectiveness. Section C (8’) Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Students’ Journey to Empower Rural Heritage From Aug. 18 to 22 a team of 15 Tsinghua University students representing diverse backgrounds from China, South Korea, Malaysia, and Indonesia, set foot on an overseas research exploration focusing on rural revitalization(振兴) in Indonesian villages, particularly within Nusa Tenggara Barat(NTB). With the diverse cultural heritage, Indonesia is home to over 83,000 villages, each radiating its own charm and character. ____47____ The research mission took the students to Sukarara and Sade villages, two of NTB’s tourist destinations. ____48____Sukarara and Sade are a world apart from the busy cities to which most of us are accustomed. The villages are a living test to Indonesia’s rich culture and its devotion to preserving traditions. The Revitalizing these villages goes beyond mere economic development. ____49____The weaving skills and architectural techniques of Sukarara and Sade villages are not only beautiful, but they are also an inseparable part to the identity of these communities. It’s essential that they strike a balance between progress and preservation. As the journey came to an end, the students carry with them not only the memories of their experiences there, but also the responsibility to make a positive impact on these remarkable places. ____50____They are optimistic that Indonesian villages can experience meaningful development, ultimately leading to increased opportunities for employment and an improved quality of life. A. While these villages possess undeniable fascination, many remain underdeveloped. B. This effort includes the knowledge exchange between the students and local villagers C. Both were selected for revitalization efforts led by the Village Revitalization Team. D. In Sukarara, a local tradition requires girls master weaving skills before marriage E. They decide to be a bridge between tradition and progress, united for their growth F. It’s about preserving the cultural heritage and ensuring traditions being passed down III. Summary writing (10’) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Take care of your spine (脊柱) The spine stands at the center of your health, providing your body with structure and support. It also contains your spinal cord, a massive collection of nerves conveying electric signals from the rest of your body to your brain. Since your spine is so central to health, it's important to look after it. Maintain good posture (姿势)is one of the most important things you can do to keep you spine healthy. Proper posture means standing or sitting while keeping your spine straight, except for its natural curves. Posture comes into play even when you're asleep. Sleeping on you side puts less stress on your spine than most other positions. Staying still for too long----even if your posture is good---can be hard on your back. Especially if you look at a desk most of the day, it's important to get up and stretch periodically. Exercise is also an important factor in the health of your spine. Stretches can help the muscles around your spine relax and allow bones to shift into better arrangement. Strength exercises like pushups can also help by strengthening the muscles around your spine. However, don't overdo the exercise, as repeated motions can strain the muscles around your spine. Finally, your diet affects the health of your spine because many vitamins are necessary for bones and nerves. In particular, B vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids keep nerves healthy, so you may want to consider taking a supplement. Another important factor is vitamin D, which is essential for strong bones. Vitamin D can come from some foods, but it's also absorbed from sunlight, so it may help to do some of those back exercises outside. Many of the actions necessary to keep your spine healthy are identical to those need to preserve your health in other ways. So protect our back, and the rest of body will benefit. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation (3’+3’+4’+5’=15’) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 这个志愿团队由一群乐于助人的退休工人组成。(consist) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 53. 课堂上，我们轮流发言，确保每个人的意见被听取。(turn) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 54. 我相信，每个人都有能力通过自己的行动为社区带来积极的变化。(difference) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 55. 探险活动不仅能让我们接触未知世界，感受大自然的魅力，还能培养坚强的意志。(expose) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________________ V. Guided Writing (25’) 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 随着移动网络的发展，各种手机APP应运而生，给我们的生活带来了极大便利，但许多同学也因此沉迷网络。现学生会发起一项清理手机APP的倡议，如果你只能从以下四个APPs：Wechat，Taobao，E-dictionary，Glory of Kings (mobile game)中保留两个，你会如何选择，并说明理由。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 上海市崇明中学 2024 学年第一学期期中考试试卷 高二英语 （满分 115 分，答题时间 105 分钟） I. Grammar and Vocabulary (20’) Section A (10’) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The 17-year-old making films fun for deaf children For eight-year-old Toby, who is deaf, watching films or TV can sometimes be a bit pointless, because so many of them don’t have sign language versions. “We have subtitles (字幕) but it goes too fast,” his dad Jarod Mills said. But now, Toby has some help thanks to an app ___1___ (develop) by a 17-year-old student, Mariella Satow, who created a signing app called SignUp. She got the idea when she ___2___ (teach) herself American Sign Language (ASL) — one of hundreds of sign languages used across the world. Manella wanted to watch TV shows to help her learn, and she was disappointed ____3____ (discover) how few had signed versions. It’s taken a year for Mariella to develop the technology, with lots of help from ASL teachers and the deaf community. The app is available in the US as a browser extension—with an interpreter appearing in a box ___4___ the film starts playing. It only works on Disney Plus films at the moment, because that’s ___5___ Mariella thought she could help the most children. Jarod, ___6___ works at a school for deaf children, says it was “exciting” watching Toby use Mariella’s invention. He says, “Kids are getting information like any hearing child does.” Deaf people in the UK face many of the same barriers when it comes to cinema and TV. “A hearing person ___7___ go to the cinema any time whereas deaf people have to make sure there’s a suitable viewing a time we’re free,” says 27-year-old Stacey Worboys from Cardiff. She has learned British Sign Language(BSL), and is comfortable using subtitles when watching TV shows and films. But she feels having an interpreter would make things ____8____ (inclusive), especially for someone who might struggle with subtitles. Stacey and Toby aren’t the only people to be welcoming Mariella’s app. It’s now got thousands of users, and she’s working long days to balance it with her A-level studies. The time difference from New York to her school in Rugby, Warwickshire, means she sets her alarm for 5am. She admits it’s “a bit tough” – but the silver lining is it gives her time to work on SignUp once lessons are over. The positive reaction from teachers and parents has kept Mariella ____9____ (motivate) to face the early starts.” The most meaningful comments are when it’s the first time a child _____10_____ (have) full access to a movie. The numbers don’t really matter. Instead, it’s the messages,” she says. 【答案】1. developed 2. was teaching 3. to discover 4. once 5. where 6. who 7. can 8. more inclusive 9. motivated 10. has had 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。17岁的学生Mariella Satow开发了一款名为“Signup”的手语应用程序，方便失聪人群看电影。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：但是现在，托比得到了一些帮助，这要感谢17岁的学生玛丽拉·萨托开发的一款应用程序，她创建了一款名为“SignUp”的签名应用程序。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词，app与develop为被动关系，用过去分词。故填developed。 【2题详解】 考查时态。句意：她在自学美国手语(ASL)时产生了这个想法，ASL是世界上使用的数百种手语之一。根据句意可知，表示过去一直在做的事情，为过去进行时。故填was teaching。 【3题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：曼内拉想看电视节目来帮助她学习，但是她失望地发现很少用手语。be disappointed to do sth。故填to discover。 【4题详解】 考查连词。句意：这款应用在美国以浏览器扩展的形式提供，一旦电影开始播放，就会出现一个翻译框。空处填连词，表示“一旦”，用once引导时间状语从句。故填once。 【5题详解】 考查连接副词。句意：目前它只适用于迪士尼Plus电影，因为玛丽拉认为这是她可以帮助最多孩子的地方。空处引导表语从句，表示地点用连接副词where。故填where。 【6题详解】 考查关系词。句意：Jarod在一所聋哑儿童学校工作，他说看着Toby使用Mariella的发明是“令人兴奋的”。先行词Jarod，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，关系代词who。故填who。 【7题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：一个听力正常的人可以在任何时候去电影院，而聋哑人必须确保在我们有空的时候有合适的观看时间。表示能，用情态动词can。故填can。 【8题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但她觉得有一名翻译会让事情变得更包容，尤其是对那些看不懂字幕的人来说。根据句意可知，表示更包容，用形容词比较级more inclusive作宾语补足语。故填more inclusive。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：老师和家长的积极反应让玛丽拉有动力去面对提前开始。空处作非谓语，Mariella与motivate在逻辑上是被动关系，用过去分词。 故填motivated。 10题详解】 考查时态。句意：最有意义的评论是当孩子第一次完全接触到一部电影时。本句为固定句型，it is+the+序数词+（that）+现在完成时，主语为单数，谓语为单数。故填has had。 Section B (10’) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. ignore B. created C. donating D. opportunity E. pick F. purchase G. promoting H. recycle I. rewarding J. serving K. started Amazing Kids of the Month — Hannah and Alexander Laman Hannah and Alexander Laman, 11-year-old twins from Ohio, love reading. They both love reading so much that it is almost impossible to ___11___ a favourite book. “I have many favourite books. If I had to select one, it would be Believe It or Not,” Hannah said. So when these two young bookworms heard that some children didn’t have access to books, they believed that was a problem they just couldn’t ___12___. In 2011, they ___13___ Adopt A Book, an organisation that donates books to schools and programmes in need. “We wanted to make a difference because we love reading lots of books,” Alexander said. They ___14___ by sharing their own books, and then the organisation grew by taking book donations from others. So far, the twins’ organisation has donated over 45,000 books to schools, and programmes ___15___ children in need from Cincinnati to as far away as Zimbabwe. With a successful book-___16___ organisation that just keeps expanding, what’s ahead for these two? Well, they’ve already started it! Hannah and Alexander are ___17___ literacy for children through their Little Free Library. “The library is free and you can take a book and leave a book.” the twins’ mum, Angela, explained. This has encouraged many kids and adults to ___18___ their reading materials and also encourage others to read. The twins have received many rewards through improving literacy. “Other kids have the ___19___ to read and own books of their own. That’s the most ___20___ part of sharing books with others.” said Hannah. Maybe you want to start small. Collect gently-used books from your home that you don’t need anymore, and donate them to Adopt A Book. Any little bit that you can do truly makes a difference! 【答案】11. E 12. A 13. B 14. K 15. J 16. C 17. G 18. H 19. D 20. I 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了两个月度杰出孩子——汉娜和亚历山大·拉曼。 【11题详解】 考查动词。句意：他们都非常喜欢读书，几乎不可能找到他们最喜欢的书。空前的to是不定式的标志，所以空处应填动词原形，根据句意，应是pick意为“挑选”符合语境。故选E。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：因此，当这两个年轻的书虫听说有些孩子没有机会读书时，他们认为这是一个他们不能忽视的问题。空前是情态动词，所以空处应填动词原形，根据句意，应是ignore意为“忽视”符合语境。故选A。 【13题详解】 考查动词。句意：2011年，他们创立了Adopt A Book，一个向有需要的学校和项目捐赠书籍的组织。本句缺少谓语，所以空处应填动词，根据时间状语In 2011可知，用一般过去时，根据句意，应是created意为“创立”符合语境。故选B。 【14题详解】 考查动词。句意：他们从分享自己的书开始，然后这个组织通过接受别人的书籍捐赠而发展壮大。本句缺少谓语，所以空处应填动词，根据句意，应是start意为“开始”符合语境，描述已发生的事，用一般过去时。故选K。 【15题详解】 考查动词。句意：到目前为止，这对双胞胎的组织已经向学校捐赠了超过45000本书，并为从辛辛那提到遥远的津巴布韦的需要帮助的孩子们提供了服务。根据语境可知，此处应是serve意为“为……服务”符合语境，本句已有谓语动词，所以serve用非谓语形式，位于谓语后，用动名词形式。故选J。 【16题详解】 考查动词。句意：随着一家成功的图书捐赠组织不断扩张，这两个孩子的未来会是怎样的呢？根据句意，此处应是donate意为“捐赠”符合语境，空前是连词符号，用非谓语形式，和book是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故选C。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：汉娜和亚历山大正在通过他们的小免费图书馆促进儿童识字。根据句意，此处应是promote意为“促进”符合语境，此处描述正在发生的事，用现在进行时，空前已有be动词，用现在分词形式。故选G。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：这鼓励了许多孩子和成年人回收他们的阅读材料，也鼓励其他人阅读。空前的to是不定时的标志，所以空处应填动词原形，根据句意，应是recycle意为“回收”符合语境。故选H。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：其他孩子有机会阅读和拥有自己的书。空前是定冠词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，应是opportunity意为“机会”符合语境。故选D。 【20题详解】 考查形容词。句意：“其他孩子有机会阅读和拥有自己的书。这是与他人分享书籍最有价值的部分，”汉娜说。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据句意，应是rewarding意为“值得的，有意义的”符合题意。故选I。 II. Reading Comprehension (45’) Section A (15’) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The disposable culture The disposable (一次性的) culture started small. In1892 William Painter, founder of the Baltimore Bottle Seal Company, patented the bottle cap. The bottles were returned and refilled, but the bottle caps were ____21____. They only worked once. Painter’s chief salesman at the time was called Mr Gillette, who went on to apply the same principle to his own invention, the disposable version-cameras, contact lenses, barbecues- but the ____22____ has been taken a step further. For ____23____ reasons, most of the electrical equipment that we buy for the home is effectively disposable. This is because it is usually cheaper to ____24____ them than to mend them. This applies not just to radios and toasters, but also to fridges, televisions and dishwashers. We now live in a disposable culture. Most people feel ____25____ this new trend. We know we should be reducing the amount of waste we produce and recycling as much as possible although despite all our efforts, landfill continues to increase. It’s hard to slip a CD player into the bottom of the rubbish these days without feeling ____26____ especially if you suspect that all it needs is a simple repair. But who ____27____ that sort of thing these days? And how much would they charge you? With persistence, one may still ____28____ someone out there willing to make the necessary repairs to your broken bread-making machine, but even they will feel obliged to inform you that, given the likely price of the ____29____, you’ d probably be better off throwing away the old one and buying the latest model. To ____30____ that something should be mended even though that will cost more than a brand-new replacement is weird, to say the least. This dilemma (困境) occasionally ____31____ the possibility of fixing the damaged goods yourself. If something is next to ____32____ anyway, why not take it apart and see if you can figure out what’s wrong? I have had particular luck with cheap, plastic, battery-operated children’s toys, where bad manufacture is usually the cause of the ____33____ and some strong glue or tape is usually all it needs to put it right. Small children tend to be impressed by this sort of thing, which is probably the only reason I bother. I wouldn’t suggest you attempt to repair your own microwave, although I managed it once. It was one of the most ____34____ experiences of my life a difficult success to mention in casual conversation, perhaps, but I’m still trying. While some repairs are certainly beyond the ability of the ordinary consumer, many are unbelievably simple. Finding willing ____35____ may be almost impossible, but tracking down spare parts has never been easier now that you can look on the Internet. There are also hundreds of sites offering step-by-step instructions for making repairs. 21. A. turned out B. thrown away C. held out D. kept away 22. A. invention B. concept C. version D. equipment 23. A. historic B. political C. cultural D. economic 24. A. replace B. produce C. maintain D. launch 25. A. motivated by B. accustomed to C. uncomfortable about D. independent of 26. A. wise B. relieved C. bored D. guilty 27. A. removes B. discovers C. fixes D. adjusts 28. A. tell B. miss C. find D. affect 29. A. service B. machine C. information D. part 30. A. doubt B. insist C. know D. recall 31. A. takes up B. puts up C. makes up D. opens up 32. A. worthless B. familiar C. priceless D. unavailable 33. A. fault B. stage C. mistake D. ease 34. A. popular B. disappointing C. accidental D. satisfying 35. A. managers B. salesmen C. repairmen D. deliverers 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一次性文化从瓶盖开始，蔓延至家电，因修理成本高而成为常态，引发大众不安，探索自我修理可能性，虽挑战重重，互联网让找配件变易，改变维修困境。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：瓶子被回收再利用，但是瓶盖被扔掉了。A. turned out变成；B. thrown away扔掉；C. held out伸出；D. kept away远离。根据前文“The bottles were returned and refilled, but the bottle caps were”可知，此句描述了瓶盖的一次性使用特性，即瓶盖被扔掉了。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：佩因特当时的首席推销员叫吉列先生，他后来把同样的原理应用到他自己的发明上，即一次性产品——相机、隐形眼镜、烧烤架——但这个概念已经更进一步。A. invention发明；B. concept概念；C. version版本；D. equipment设备。根据前文的“who went on to apply the same principle to his own invention”可知，此处指的是一种设计理念或概念的扩展应用。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：出于经济原因，我们为家庭购买的大多数电器实际上都是一次性的。A. historic历史的；B. political政治的；C. cultural文化的；D. economic经济的。根据后文的“reasons, most of the electrical equipment that we buy for the home is effectively disposable.”可知，此句说明了家用电器成为一次性产品的经济因素。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是因为通常替换它们比修理它们更便宜。A. replace替换；B. produce生产；C. maintain维护；D. launch发起。根据前文的“This is because it is usually cheaper to”可知，比较了修理与替换的成本，表明后者更为经济。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：大多数人对这一新趋势感到不安。A. motivated by由……激发；B. accustomed to习惯于；C. uncomfortable about对……感到不安；D. independent of独立于。根据前文的“Most people feel和后文“this new trend.”、“We know we should be reducing the amount of waste we produce and recycling as much as possible although despite all our efforts, landfill continues to increase.”可知，此处表达了人们对一次性文化兴起的情绪反应——大多数人对这一新趋势感到不安。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今，很难在不感到内疚的情况下将CD播放器滑入垃圾堆底部，特别是当你怀疑它只需要简单的修理时。A. wise明智的；B. relieved宽慰的；C. bored无聊的；D. guilty内疚的。根据前文的“It’s hard to slip a CD player into the bottom of the rubbish these days without feeling”和后文“especially if you suspect that all it needs is a simple repair”可知，描述了在丢弃可能可修复物品时的内疚感。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但谁现在还在做那种事呢？A. removes移除；B. discovers发现；C. fixes修理；D. adjusts调整。根据前文的“especially if you suspect that all it needs is a simple repair”和后文的“that sort of thing these days?”可知，此处指现在还有谁会修理东西。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：只要你坚持不懈，你还是会发现有人愿意给你坏掉的面包机做必要的修理，但即使是他们也会觉得有义务告诉你，考虑到零件的可能价格，你最好扔掉旧的，买最新的。A. tell告诉；B. miss错过；C. find找到；D. affect影响。根据前文的“With persistence, one may still”可知，表明尽管不易，但还是有可能找到修理服务。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：只要你坚持不懈，你还是会发现有人愿意给你坏掉的面包机做必要的修理，但即使是他们也会觉得有义务告诉你，考虑到零件的可能价格，你最好扔掉旧的，买最新的。A. service服务；B. machine机器；C. information信息；D. part零件。根据前文的“they will feel obliged to inform you that, given the likely price of the”可知，这里提到的“零件”指的是修理所需的零件。故选D项。 30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：坚持认为某物应该被修理，尽管这将比买一个新的更昂贵，至少可以说是奇怪的。A. doubt怀疑；B. insist坚持；C. know知道；D. recall回忆。根据后文的“that something should be mended even though that will cost more than a brand-new replacement is weird”可知，此处强调了坚持修理而不更换的非主流观点。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这种困境偶尔开启了自己修理损坏物品的可能性。A. takes up占据；B. puts up提出；C. makes up组成；D. opens up开启。根据前文的“This dilemma occasionally”和后文“the possibility of fixing the damaged goods yourself”可知，指的是修理难题促使人们考虑开启自己修理。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果某物几乎一文不值，为什么不拆开看看能否发现问题所在呢？A. worthless无价值的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. priceless无价的；D. unavailable不可用的。根据前文的“If something is next to”可知，此处描述了对几乎无价值物品尝试自我修理的逻辑。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现这在廉价的塑料电池操作儿童玩具上特别有用，其中不良制造通常是问题所在。A. fault故障；B. stage阶段；C. mistake错误；D. ease轻松。根据前文的“I have had particular luck with cheap, plastic, battery-operated children’s toys, where bad manufacture is usually the cause of the”可知，此处说明的是玩具故障的原因。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我一生中最令人满意的经历之一——也许很难在随意的谈话中提及，但我仍在努力。A. popular受欢迎的；B. disappointing令人失望的；C. accidental意外的；D. satisfying令人满意的。根据后文的“experiences of my life”可知，此处表达了修理微波炉成功的成就感，这是作者一生中最令人满意的经历之一。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然找到愿意修理的人几乎是不可能的，但现在你可以在互联网上查找备件，这使得追踪备件变得前所未有的容易。A. managers经理；B. salesmen销售员；C. repairmen修理工；D. deliverers送货员。根据前文的“Finding willing”和后文“may be almost impossible, but tracking down spare parts has never been easier now that you can look on the Internet.”可知，本句提到寻找修理服务的难度以及网络查找备件的便利。故选C项。 Section B (22’) Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Sia Godika was 13 when she noticed the barefoot children of construction workers at a building site near her house in the upscale Koramangala district of Bangalore, India. “Their feet were bare. Cracked. Hard. Dirty. Bleeding,” reflects Sia, now 17. “They were just walking around that building site like it was an everyday practice for them.” And it was at that moment that Sia realised the troubling contrast to her own privilege. Later that year, with the help of her parents and community volunteers, Sia founded Sole Warriors, a charity dedicated to providing footwear to those in need, epitomized (体现) by its motto: “Donate a sole, save a soul.” The idea, which started as a dinner conversation with her parents, quickly grew. After she spread the word with posters and WhatsApp groups, enquiries from people who wanted to help came flooding in. For months, Sia was juggling schoolwork and her new passion project. “I was up till 2 a.m. creating Excel sheets to see which apartment buildings we could tackle for donations and contacting people.” In its first distribution drive, Sole Warriors collected and gave out 700 pairs of shoes. Today that number stands at around 28,000 across four countries, including the United States, China and Liberia, thanks to the hard work of a core team of about 80 volunteers. But the organization’s growth wasn’t without its challenges. When it came to looking for collaborators, such as a company that would do the repairs and clean up the footwear to look like new free of charge, Sia faced one obstacle after another before finding a partner in India’s Pressto Cobbler. “Being a 13-year-old, I did face a lot of bias because at my age, people were less willing to hear me out,” says Sia. In recognition of her impact, in 2021 Sia was given the Diana Award, given to people aged 9 to 25 in memory of the late Princess of Wales. Awarded by a UK-based charity of the same name, it’s one of the most prestigious honours a young person can receive for social action or humanitarian work. But her work isn’t done. “Our goal has always been to touch a million feet,” she says. 36. The underlined word “upscale” most probably means __________. A. humble B. abandoned C. energetic D. prosperous 37. One of the biggest challenges of Sole Warriors is that __________. A. local people lacked trust in and patience with teenagers like Sia B. just about 80 volunteers came to help Sia in the organization’s infancy C. few companies are willing to do the repairs without financial incentives D. Sia is not good at operating the organization due to her lack of experience 38. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. All for one, one for all B. Walking in someone else’s shoes C. Where there is a will, there is a way D. Nothing ventured, nothing gained 39. Which group of words can best describe Sia’s qualities? A. Patient, self-disciplined and modest. B. Curious, generous and knowledgeable. C. Energetic, ambitious and sympathetic. D. Sensitive, independent and passionate. 【答案】36. D 37. C 38. B 39. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了13岁的女孩Sia Godika看见建筑工人的孩子们没有鞋子穿后，在父母和社区志愿者的帮助下成立了慈善组织Sole Warriors，致力于为有需要的人提供鞋子。 【36题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中““Their feet were bare. Cracked. Hard. Dirty. Bleeding,” reflects Sia, now 17. “They were just walking around that building site like it was an everyday practice for them.” And it was at that moment that Sia realised the troubling contrast to her own privilege. (“他们光着脚。开裂。粗糙。脏兮兮。流血，”现年17岁的Sia回忆道。“他们只是在建筑工地走来走去，就好像这是他们的日常活动一样。”就在那一刻，Sia意识到这与她自己的特权形成了令人不安的对比)”可知，光脚的孩子们处境很艰难，这和Sia自己的幸福生活形成了对比。由此推知，Sia的家位于高档的住宅区，那里很富裕，画线词意思应该与prosperous“繁荣的，富足的”相近。A. humble简陋的；B. abandoned废弃的；C. energetic充满活力的。故选D项。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“When it came to looking for collaborators, such as a company that would do the repairs and clean up the footwear to look like new free of charge, Sia faced one obstacle after another before finding a partner in India’s Pressto Cobbler. (在寻找合作伙伴时，比如找一家愿意免费修理和清理鞋子的公司，让鞋子看起来像新的，Sia遇到了一个又一个障碍，最后才找到了印度的Pressto Cobbler合作伙伴)”可知，Sole Warriors面临的最大挑战之一是，很少有公司愿意在没有经济激励的情况下修理鞋子。故选C项。 【38题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“Later that year, with the help of her parents and community volunteers, Sia founded Sole Warriors, a charity dedicated to providing footwear to those in need, epitomized (体现) by its motto: “Donate a sole, save a soul.” (那年晚些时候，在父母和社区志愿者的帮助下，Sia成立了Sole Warriors，这是一家致力于为有需要的人提供鞋子的慈善机构，其座右铭是：“捐赠一只鞋，拯救一个灵魂。”)”可知，文章讲述了女孩Sia Godika的善行，她在13岁时看见建筑工人的孩子们没有鞋子穿，之后在父母和社区志愿者的帮助下成立了慈善组织Sole Warriors，致力于为有需要的人提供鞋子。因此，B项“设身处地为别人着想”最适合作为文章标题，本身概括了Sia的品质，其中的shoes也是贯穿全文的线索。故选B项。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Later that year, with the help of her parents and community volunteers, Sia founded Sole Warriors, a charity dedicated to providing footwear to those in need (那年晚些时候，在父母和社区志愿者的帮助下，Sia成立了Sole Warriors，这是一家致力于为有需要的人提供鞋子的慈善机构)”可知，Sia成立慈善机构，帮助有需要的人，她的富有同情心的。根据第三段中“For months, Sia was juggling schoolwork and her new passion project. “I was up till 2 a.m. creating Excel sheets to see which apartment buildings we could tackle for donations and contacting people.” (好几个月来，Sia一直在学业和她投入激情的新项目之间忙碌。“我直到凌晨2点才睡，制作Excel表格，看看我们可以处理哪些公寓楼的捐款，并与人们联系。”)”可知，Sia积极忙于自己的新项目，干劲十足，她是精力充沛的。根据最后一段中“But her work isn’t done. “Our goal has always been to touch a million feet,” she says. (但她的工作还没有完成。她说：“我们的目标一直是达到100万只鞋。”)”可知，Sia想要继续自己的事业，帮助更多的人，她有远大的抱负。故选C项。 (B) The five Shakespeare Houses in and around Stratford-upon-Avon offer you an authentic experience of the Stratford world in which the famous dramatist was born, lived and died. Intimately connected with William Shakespeare or his immediate family, those original houses are now owned and cared for by Shakespeare Birthplace Trust OPENING TIMES September—May Mon. — Sat: 10:00 a. m. — 4:00 p. m. Sunday: 10:30 a. m. — 4:00 p. m. June — August Mon. — Sat. :9:00 a. m. — 5:00 p. m. Sunday: 9:30 a. m. — 5:00 p. m. BEST VALUE TICKETS THE THREE IN TOWN SHAKESPEARE HOUSES Adult: £8.5 Child: £4.2 Family：£20.00 ALL FIVE SHAKESPEARE HOUSES Adult: £12.00 Child: £6.00 Family: £29.00 CHILDREN AND STUDENTS TICKETS Under 5: Free Between 5&16: Child rate 17 and over: Adult rate 17 and over and in secondary education: Child rate Two adults and up to three children under 17: Family ticket GROUP VISITS Groups of 20 or more visitors qualify for a 10% discount on ticket prices. For more information, phone 01789-201806 or 201836. SPECIAL VISITS The Houses are open out of hours by special arrangement. They offer a unique setting for functions, dinners, receptions and other events. For more information, phone 01789-201808. EDUCATION GROUPS We welcome visits by organized groups. One member of staff is admitted free with every 10 pupils or students. Additional adults and helpers will be charged at the adult rate. Pupils of primary and secondary schools will be charged at the child rate (valid students ID may be requested). Education groups of 20 or more visitors also qualify for 10% discount on admissions. For more information, phone 01789-201806 or 201836. For 24-hour service, phone 201838. EDUCATION DEPARTMENT The education Department at the Trust organizes many special projects, day schools, courses and lectures. If you would like further information, phone 01789-201805. 40. If you are a British travel agent, most probably you will call ________ to know more about group visits. A. 201805 B. 201806 C. 201808 D. 201838 41. If a group of 30 middle school students accompanied by two teachers is to visit the five Shakespeare Houses, how much should they pay for the tickets? A. £162. B. £180. C. £183.6. D. £204. 42. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A. Shakespeare lived in all of the five houses. B. The Houses are open longer hours in October than in July. C. To attend lectures concerning Shakespeare, contact 201808 D. You can visit the Houses after 5:00 p. m. if you contact the Trust in advance on 01789-201808. 【答案】40. B 41. A 42. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲的是莎士比亚故居参观的相关信息。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章GROUP VISITS部分“Groups of 20 or more visitors qualify for a 10% discount on ticket prices. For more information, phone 01789-201806 or 201836.(20人或以上的团体游客可以享受10%的票价折扣。咨询电话：01789-201806或201836。)”可知如果你是英国的旅行社，你很可能会打电话01789-201806或201836了解更多关于团体游的信息。故选B项。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章EDUCATION GROUPS部分“We welcome visits by organized groups. One member of staff is admitted free with every 10 pupils or students. Additional adults and helpers will be charged at the adult rate. Pupils of primary and secondary schools will be charged at the child rate (valid students ID may be requested). Education groups of 20 or more visitors also qualify for 10% discount on admissions.(我们欢迎有组织的团体参观。每10名学生中有一名职员可免费入场。额外的成人和助手将按成人价格收费。中小学生按儿童收费(可要求出示有效学生证）。20人或以上的教育团体也有资格享受10%的门票折扣。)”可知如果30名中学生在两名老师的陪同下参观五个莎士比亚故居，他们需要支付门票30*6*90%=162英镑。故选A项。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章SPECIAL VISITS部分“The Houses are open out of hours by special arrangement. They offer a unique setting for functions, dinners, receptions and other events. For more information, phone 01789-201808.(通过特殊安排，这些故居在非工作时间开放。它们为宴会、宴会、招待会和其他活动提供了独特的环境。咨询电话：01789-201808。)”可知D项正确，根据文章第一段“The five Shakespeare Houses in and around Stratford-upon-Avon offer you an authentic experience of the Stratford world in which the famous dramatist was born, lived and died. Intimately connected with William Shakespeare or his immediate family,(位于埃文河畔斯特拉特福德及其周边地区的五座莎士比亚故居，为您提供了这位著名剧作家出生、生活和去世的斯特拉特福德世界的真实体验。与威廉·莎士比亚或他的直系亲属关系密切，)”可知莎士比亚并没有在这五所房子中都居住过，所以A项不对；根据OPENING TIMES部分“September—May Mon. —Sat: 10:00 a. m. —4:00 p. m. Sunday: 10:30 a. m. —4:00 p. m. June—August Mon. —Sat. :9:00 a. m. —5:00 p. m. Sunday: 9:30 a. m,—5:00 p. m.(九月至五月星期一至六：上午10:00至下午4:00，星期日：上午10:30至下午4:00；六月至八月周一至周六：上午9:00至下午5:00，星期日：上午9:30 至下午5:00。)”可知故居在十月份的开放时间并不比七月份更长，所以B项不对；根据文章EDUCATION DEPARTMENT部分“The education Department at the Trust organizes many special projects, day schools, courses and lectures. If you would like further information, phone 01789-201805.(信托基金的教育部门组织了许多特殊项目、走读学校、课程和讲座。如果您想了解更多信息，请致电01789-201805。)”可知如果想要参加有关莎士比亚的讲座，需要联系01789-201805，而不是201808，所以C项不对。故选D项。 (C) Ancient builders across the world created structures that are still standing today, thousands of years later. Yet the concrete that makes up much of our modern world has a lifespan of around 50 to 100 years. A growing number of scientists have been studying materials from long-ago eras, hoping to uncover how they’ve held up for millennia. Many researchers have turned to the Romans for inspiration. Starting around 200 BCE, the architects of the Roman Empire were building impressive concrete structures that have stood the test of time. Even in harbors, where seawater has been battering structures for ages, you’ll find concrete basically the way it was when it was poured 2,000 years ago. Most modern concrete starts with Portland cement, a powder made by heating limestone and clay to super-high temperatures and crushing them. That cement is mixed with water to create a chemically reactive paste. Then, blocks of material like rock and gravel are added, and the cement paste mixes them into a concrete mass. According to records from ancient architects, the Roman process was similar. The ancient builders mixed materials like burnt limestone and volcanic sand with water and gravel, creating chemical reactions to stick everything together. In a study published earlier this year, Admir Masic, a civil and environmental engineer, proposed that this power comes from blocks of lime that are scattered throughout the Roman material instead of being mixed in evenly. Researchers used to think these blocks were a sign that the Romans weren’t mixing up their materials well enough. Instead, after analyzing concrete samples from Privernum—an ancient city outside of Rome — the scientists found that the blocks could fuel the material’s “self-healing” abilities. When cracks form, water is able to flow into the concrete, Masic explained. That water activates the leftover lime, leading to new chemical reactions that can fill in the damaged sections. The ancient architectures suggested using extracts from local chukum and jiote trees in the lime mix. When researchers tested out the recipe, they found the resulting plaster was especially durable against physical and chemical damage. Studies have found all kinds of natural materials mixed into structures from long ago: fruit extracts, milk, cheese curd, beer, even dung and urine. The paste that holds together some of China’s most famous structures—including the Great Wall and the Forbidden City — includes traces of sticky rice. “Some of these ancient builders might have just gotten lucky”, said Cecilia Pesce, a materials scientist at the University of Sheffield in England, “They’d throw just about anything into their mixes, as long as it was cheap and available.” Today’s builders can’t just copy the ancient recipes. Even though Roman concrete lasted a longtime, it couldn’t hold up heavy loads: “You couldn’t build a modern skyscraper with Roman concrete,” Cecilia said. “It would collapse.” Instead, researchers are trying to take some of the ancient material’s specialties and add them into modern mixes. 43. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Lime blocks in Roman concrete indicate poor mixing of materials. B. Ancient Roman concrete structures have witnessed a long history. C. Modern builders are confused about the Roman method of construction. D. The concrete used in modern structures has a lifespan of over 200 years. 44. What is proposed as a possible explanation for the self-healing abilities of Roman concrete? A. The uniform mixing of lime in the concrete. B. The use of extracts from chukum and jiote trees. C. The addition of whatever was within reach in the mix. D. The scattering of blocks of lime throughout the material. 45. The passage mentions that today’s builders can’t simply copy ancient recipes because ______. A. ancient recipes were not well-documented B. ancient materials were too expensive C. ancient materials couldn’t hold up heavy loads D. ancient builders used materials that are no longer available 46. According to the passage, why do some researchers believe ancient builders included various natural materials in their mixes? A. To enhance the beauty of the structures. B. To make the construction process more cost-effective. C. To create structures that were resistant to chemical damage. D. To follow ancient traditions without considering effectiveness. 【答案】43. B 44. D 45. C 46. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界各地的古代建筑者所建造的建筑在几千年后的今天仍然屹立不倒的原因。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Starting around 200 BCE, the architects of the Roman Empire were building impressive concrete structures that have stood the test of time. Even in harbors, where seawater has been battering structures for ages, you’ll find concrete basically the way it was when it was poured 2,000 years ago.(从公元前200年左右开始，罗马帝国的建筑师们开始建造令人印象深刻的混凝土结构，这些结构经受住了时间的考验。即使是在海港里，海水冲刷建筑物已经有很长时间了，你也会发现混凝土基本上还是2000年前浇筑时的样子)”可知，古罗马混凝土结构见证了悠久的历史。故选B。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“In a study published earlier this year, Admir Masic, a civil and environmental engineer, proposed that this power comes from blocks of lime that are scattered throughout the Roman material instead of being mixed in evenly. Researchers used to think these blocks were a sign that the Romans weren’t mixing up their materials well enough. Instead, after analyzing concrete samples from Privernum — an ancient city outside of Rome — the scientists found that the blocks could fuel the material’s “self-healing” abilities. When cracks form, water is able to flow into the concrete, Masic explained. That water activates the leftover lime, leading to new chemical reactions that can fill in the damaged sections. (在今年早些时候发表的一项研究中，土木和环境工程师Admir Masic提出，这种能量来自分散在罗马材料中的石灰块，而不是均匀混合在一起。研究人员过去认为，这些石块表明罗马人没有很好地混合材料。相反，在分析了Privernum——罗马以外的一个古老城市——的混凝土样本后，科学家们发现这些砖块可以促进材料的“自我修复”能力。Masic解释说，当裂缝形成时，水就会流入混凝土中。这些水激活了剩余的石灰，导致新的化学反应，可以填补受损的部分)”可知，遍布材料的石灰块使得罗马混凝土具有自我修复的能力。故选D。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Even though Roman concrete lasted a longtime, it couldn’t hold up heavy loads: “You couldn’t build a modern skyscraper with Roman concrete,” Cecilia said. “It would collapse.”(尽管罗马混凝土使用了很长时间，但它无法承受沉重的负荷:“你无法用罗马混凝土建造一座现代摩天大楼，”塞西莉亚说。“它会崩溃。”)”可知，今天的建造者不能简单地复制古代的方法，因为古代的材料不能承受沉重的负荷。故选C。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““Some of these ancient builders might have just gotten lucky”, said Cecilia Pesce, a materials scientist at the University of Sheffield in England, “They’d throw just about anything into their mixes, as long as it was cheap and available.”(英国谢菲尔德大学的材料科学家Cecilia Pesce说：“一些古代建造者可能只是运气好，他们会把任何东西都扔进混合物里，只要便宜、容易买到。”)”可推知，一些研究人员认为，古代建筑者在他们的混合物中加入了各种天然材料，以使施工过程更具成本效益。故选B。 Section C (8’) Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Students’ Journey to Empower Rural Heritage From Aug. 18 to 22 a team of 15 Tsinghua University students, representing diverse backgrounds from China, South Korea, Malaysia, and Indonesia, set foot on an overseas research exploration focusing on rural revitalization(振兴) in Indonesian villages, particularly within Nusa Tenggara Barat(NTB). With the diverse cultural heritage, Indonesia is home to over 83,000 villages, each radiating its own charm and character. ____47____ The research mission took the students to Sukarara and Sade villages, two of NTB’s tourist destinations. ____48____Sukarara and Sade are a world apart from the busy cities to which most of us are accustomed. The villages are a living test to Indonesia’s rich culture and its devotion to preserving traditions. The Revitalizing these villages goes beyond mere economic development. ____49____The weaving skills and architectural techniques of Sukarara and Sade villages are not only beautiful, but they are also an inseparable part to the identity of these communities. It’s essential that they strike a balance between progress and preservation. As the journey came to an end, the students carry with them not only the memories of their experiences there, but also the responsibility to make a positive impact on these remarkable places. ____50____They are optimistic that Indonesian villages can experience meaningful development, ultimately leading to increased opportunities for employment and an improved quality of life. A. While these villages possess undeniable fascination, many remain underdeveloped. B. This effort includes the knowledge exchange between the students and local villagers C. Both were selected for revitalization efforts led by the Village Revitalization Team. D. In Sukarara, a local tradition requires girls master weaving skills before marriage E. They decide to be a bridge between tradition and progress, united for their growth F. It’s about preserving the cultural heritage and ensuring traditions being passed down 【答案】47. A 48. C 49. F 50. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻稿。文章讲述来自中国、韩国、马来西亚和印度尼西亚的15名清华大学学生组成的团队在印度尼西亚的村庄开始了一场聚焦乡村振兴的海外研究探索之旅。 【47题详解】 由上文“With the diverse cultural heritage, Indonesia is home to over 83,000 villages, each radiating its own charm and character. (印尼拥有丰富多样的文化遗产，拥有83000多个村庄，每个村庄都散发着自己的魅力和特色。)”可知，在印尼拥有很多有特色的村庄。而A项While these villages possess undeniable fascination, many remain underdeveloped. (尽管这些村庄具有不可否认的魅力，但许多村庄仍处于欠发达状态。)符合语境，有承上作用，其中these villages与上文83,000 villages对应，fascination与上文charm对应。故选A项。 【48题详解】 由上文“The research mission took the students to Sukarara and Sade villages, two of NTB’s tourist destinations. (研究团将学生们带到了NTB的两个旅游目的地Sukarara和Sade村。)”可知，学生们去了Sukarara和Sade村，而C项Both were selected for revitalization efforts led by the Village Revitalization Team. (两个村都被选中参加由乡村振兴工作队领导的振兴工作。)符合语境，有承上作用，其中Both指代上文Sukarara and Sade villages。故选C项。 【49题详解】 由上文“The villages are a living test to Indonesia’s rich culture and its devotion to preserving traditions. The Revitalizing these villages goes beyond mere economic development. (这些村庄是对印尼丰富文化和保护传统的一次活生生的考验。振兴这些村庄不仅仅是经济发展。)”可知，振兴这些村庄不仅仅是经济发展，而F项It’s about preserving the cultural heritage and ensuring traditions being passed down (这是关于保护文化遗产和确保传统传承)符合语境，有承上启下作用。其中It指代上文The Revitalizing these villages，而traditions与下文The weaving skills and architectural techniques对应。故选F项。 【50题详解】 由上文“As the journey came to an end, the students carry with them not only the memories of their experiences there, but also the responsibility to make a positive impact on these remarkable places. (随着旅程的结束，学生们不仅带着他们在那里经历的记忆，还肩负着对这些非凡地方产生积极影响的责任。)”可知，学生们肩负着对这些非凡地方产生积极影响的责任。而E项They decide to be a bridge between tradition and progress, united for their growth (他们决定成为传统与进步之间的桥梁，为它们的成长而团结一致)符合语境，有承上作用，其中They代指前文the students。故选E项。 III. Summary writing (10’) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Take care of your spine (脊柱) The spine stands at the center of your health, providing your body with structure and support. It also contains your spinal cord, a massive collection of nerves conveying electric signals from the rest of your body to your brain. Since your spine is so central to health, it's important to look after it. Maintain good posture (姿势)is one of the most important things you can do to keep you spine healthy. Proper posture means standing or sitting while keeping your spine straight, except for its natural curves. Posture comes into play even when you're asleep. Sleeping on you side puts less stress on your spine than most other positions. Staying still for too long----even if your posture is good---can be hard on your back. Especially if you look at a desk most of the day, it's important to get up and stretch periodically. Exercise is also an important factor in the health of your spine. Stretches can help the muscles around your spine relax and allow bones to shift into better arrangement. Strength exercises like pushups can also help by strengthening the muscles around your spine. However, don't overdo the exercise, as repeated motions can strain the muscles around your spine. Finally, your diet affects the health of your spine because many vitamins are necessary for bones and nerves. In particular, B vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids keep nerves healthy, so you may want to consider taking a supplement. Another important factor is vitamin D, which is essential for strong bones. Vitamin D can come from some foods, but it's also absorbed from sunlight, so it may help to do some of those back exercises outside. Many of the actions necessary to keep your spine healthy are identical to those need to preserve your health in other ways. So protect our back, and the rest of body will benefit. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】How can you look after your spine to enjoy good health? First, avoid poor posture and long-term motionlessness whether you’re standing, sitting or lying. Second, do some stretching and strengthening exercise. Finally, keep a diet rich in vitamins supplemented with some extra ones if necessary and outdoor back exercise. 【解析】 【分析】本文为议论文。文章论述了脊柱是你健康的中心，为你的身体提供结构和支撑，我们应该如何保持脊椎的健康。 【详解】本文考查概要写作。首先要写文章要点。本篇文章第一段引出话题：你的脊柱对你的健康至关重要，那么照顾好它是很重要的；第二段指出保持良好姿势是保持你的脊椎健康的最重要的一件事，包括你的站姿、坐姿和卧姿；第三段指出适当正确的运动也是脊椎健康的重要因素；第四段指出饮食会影响你脊椎的健康，因为许多维生素是骨骼和神经所必需的；最后一段再次强调保护我们的背部的意义。书写时注意使用适当的连接词连接这些要点，使上下句之间具有连贯性。概要写作的基础是理解语篇，而读懂语篇的基础是词汇，尤其是对关键词汇的掌握与运用。在此基础上，综合运用语法与句法结构，按照行文逻辑组织语言，就可以写出很好的概要。 IV. Translation (3’+3’+4’+5’=15’) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 这个志愿团队由一群乐于助人退休工人组成。(consist) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This volunteer team consists of a group of helpful retired workers. 【解析】 【详解】考查名词（短语）、动词短语和形容词。句子可看作是介绍当前的情况，时态宜用一般现在时；主语“这个志愿团队”可用名词短语this volunteer team，看作一个整体，为单数，“由……组成”应用动词短语consist of，consist需用第三人称单数形式，“一群乐于助人的退休工人”可用名词短语a group of helpful retired workers。故可译为：This volunteer team consists of a group of helpful retired workers. 53. 课堂上，我们轮流发言，确保每个人的意见被听取。(turn) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】In class we take turns to speak to ensure that everyone’s opinions are heard. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语、时态和被动语态。地点状语“课堂上”用介词短语in class，主语“我们”用人称代词we，谓语“轮流”用动词短语take turns to do...，描述习惯性行为用一般现在时态，宾语“发言”用动词不定式短语to speak；“确保每个人的意见被听取”作目的状语，可译为to ensure that everyone’s opinions are heard，其中“that everyone’s opinions are heard”是宾语从句，由无实义且不作句子成分的连词that引导，使用了一般现在时的被动语态。故翻译为In class, we take turns to speak to ensure that everyone’s opinions are heard. 54. 我相信，每个人都有能力通过自己的行动为社区带来积极的变化。(difference) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I believe that everyone is able to make a positive difference to the community through their own actions. 【解析】 【详解】考查名词、形容词、动词短语、介词短语、时态和从句。本句为主从复合句，“我相信”为主句，可译为I believe，后接连词that引导的宾语从句；“每个人都有能力通过自己的行动为社区带来积极的变化”为宾语从句，主语“每个人”用不定代词everyone，“有能力做某事”可用短语be able to do sth.表示，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，系动词用is，“为社区带来积极的变化”可用make a positive difference to the community表示，“通过自己的行动”作方式状语，可译为介词短语through one’s own actions。综上，全句译为：I believe that everyone is able to make a positive difference to the community through their own actions. 55. 探险活动不仅能让我们接触未知世界，感受大自然的魅力，还能培养坚强的意志。(expose) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Exploration activities not only allow us to be exposed to the unknown world and experience the charm of nature, but also cultivate a strong will. 【解析】 【详解】考查并列连词和动词短语。根据所给中文句子，“探险活动”作主语，译为“exploration activities”，“不仅……还能”用并列连词短语：not only...but also，“让我们接触未知世界”作谓语和宾语，可用动词短语allow sb. to do sth.描述客观事实，用一般现在时，“接触”根据题干要求需用expose，此处用短语be exposed to，译为“allow us to be exposed to the unknown world”，“感受大自然的魅力”作and连接的并列谓语和宾语，译为“experience the charm of nature”，“培养坚强的意志”作but also连接的并列谓语和宾语，译为“cultivate a strong will”。故译为：Exploration activities not only allow us to be exposed to the unknown world and experience the charm of nature, but also cultivate a strong will. V. Guided Writing (25’) 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 随着移动网络的发展，各种手机APP应运而生，给我们的生活带来了极大便利，但许多同学也因此沉迷网络。现学生会发起一项清理手机APP的倡议，如果你只能从以下四个APPs：Wechat，Taobao，E-dictionary，Glory of Kings (mobile game)中保留两个，你会如何选择，并说明理由。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】With the development of mobile network, various kinds of mobile apps come into being, which brings great convenience to our life, but many students are addicted to the network, for example, some students are keen to use mobile Taobao for online shopping, while others are addicted to an online game called Glory of Kings. As for me, I think app should not only let us contact with others, but also serve as a learning tool, so I choose Wechat, which allows me to communicate with my family and friends. In addition, I also think E-dictionary is a useful app, through which I can look up unfamiliar new words and increase my English vocabulary. In view of the reasons above, I think Wechat and E-dictionary are the two kinds of apps that do good to us students. 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达是提纲类作文，要求选择两个APP并说明理由。 【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求选择两个APP并说明理由：随着移动网络的发展，各种手机APP应运而生，给我们的生活带来了极大便利，但许多同学也因此沉迷网络。现学生会发起一项清理手机APP的倡议，如果你只能从以下四个APPs：Wechat，Taobao，E-dictionary，Glory of Kings (mobile game)中保留两个，你会如何选择，并说明理由。时态应为一般现在时。 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如； mobile network（移动网络），development（发展），convenience（便利），useful（有用的）， unfamiliar（不熟悉的）及various（不同的）等。 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。 【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有come into being（应运而生），be addicted to（沉溺于），serve as（充当），contact with (与……联系)，look up（查阅），be keen to（热衷于）以及do good to(有利于），而且还使用了非限定性定语从句“With the development of mobile network, various kinds of mobile apps come into being, which brings great convenience to our life”，“so I choose Wechat, which allows me to communicate with my family and friends.”及“I also think E-dictionary is a useful app, through which I can look up unfamiliar new words and increase my English vocabulary.”，定语从句“In view of the reasons above, I think Wechat and E-dictionary are the two kinds of apps that do good to us students.”，宾语从句“As for me, I think app should not only let us contact with others, but also serve as a learning tool”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$