精品解析：湖北省武汉市东西湖区华中师范大学第一附属中学2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题

华中师大一附中2024—2025学年度上学期期中检测 高二年级英语试题 时间：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.15. C. ￡9.18. 1. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Tour Boston. B. Visit Caroline. C. Watch the news. 2. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A food shop. B. A terrible picnic. C. Tomorrow’s weather. 3. When is the plane now expected to arrive? A. After 7:00 p.m. B. After 9:00 p.m. C. After 9:30 p.m. 4. Why does the man need a new place to go running? A. Because he just moved to Skyline Boulevard. B. Because he doesn’t like crowds. C. Because he wants a flatter area. 5. What does the man care about most? A. The book’s edition. B. The book’s price. C. The book’s content. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man like most? A. The Jungle Flying Train. B. The Air Force Ants. C. The Lost Maya Kingdom. 7. Where are the speakers? A. In a toy shop. B. In a science museum. C. In an amusement park. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the woman’s job probably? A. A repair woman. B. A bank clerk. C. A computer seller. 9. What will the man probably do? A. Pay by bank transfer. B. Pay by credit card. C. Pay by check. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the matter with the man’s son at school? A. He has issues with tests. B. He is lonely with few friends. C. He is easily distracted in class. 11. What does the woman suggest the man’s son do? A. Have more challenging homework. B. Practice more before tests. C Make more new friends. 12. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Wife and husband. B. Teacher and parent. C. Friends. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is in the picture? A. The man’s cat. B. The man’s table. C. The man’s sister. 14. Why does the man paint eyes so well? A. He uses white paint as light. B. He paints according to photographs. C. He has had lot of practice on cats’ eyes. 15. What does the man have problems with? A. Painting hands. B. Painting hair. C. Painting cats 16. Where are the speakers? A. In a bookstore. B. At the man’s house. C. In an art gallery. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Why will Mr. Jenkins be leaving? A. He is terribly ill. B. He has found a new job. C. He will take care of a family member. 18. When will Mr. Jenkins be leaving? A. At the end of the week. B. At the end of the month. C. At the end of the year. 19. What will the school do to appreciate Mr. Jenkins? A. Hold a goodbye celebration. B. Buy a precious gift for him. C. Name something after him. 20. Who will take over Mr. Jenkins’ duty? A. A math teacher. B. A professional athlete. C. A basketball coach. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The Nobel Prizes for 2024 have honored groundbreaking discoveries and achievements that have significantly benefited humankind in various ways. These winners have made remarkable contributions to their respective fields, pushing the boundaries of human knowledge and understanding. Nobel Prize in Physics The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics to John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton. They employed physics tools to develop methods that paved the way for advanced machine learning. Hopfield created a structure capable of storing and reconstructing information, while Hinton invented a method that independently identifies data properties, crucial for modern artificial neural networks. Nobel Prize in Chemistry In Chemistry, the focus was on proteins, vital for life. David Baker achieved the seemingly impossible by crafting entirely new protein types. Demis Hassabis and John Jumper tackled a 50-year-old challenge with their Al model that predicts complex protein structures, holding immense potential. Nobel Prize in Literature Han Kang, a South Korean author, won the Nobel Prize in Literature for her intense poetic prose (散文) addressing historical mental scars and exposing human life’s weakness. Her unique awareness of body-soul connections and her innovative style have made her a contemporary prose pioneer. Nobel Peace Prize The 2024 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Nihon Hidankyo, a grassroots Japanese organization of atomic bomb survivors. This is quite different from other awards given to individuals. It won the prize for its efforts to achieve a world free of nuclear weapons. The organization was formed by survivors of the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima (广岛) and Nagasaki (长崎) in1945. 1. Whose contribution is vital for artificial neural connections? A. Geoffrey Hinton. B. Demis Hassabis. C. Han Kang. D. John Hopfield. 2. What assisted scientists in solving a half-century-old problem? A. Crafting new protein types. B. Advanced machine learning. C. AI model. D. Analyzing data properties. 3. Which prize was awarded to a group? A. Nobel Prize in Physics. B. Nobel Prize in Chemistry. C. Nobel Prize in Literature. D. Nobel Peace Prize. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了各个领域的诺贝尔奖获得者及成就。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Nobel Prize in Physics中的“while Hinton invented a method that independently identifies data properties, crucial for modern artificial neural networks.(而辛顿发明了一种独立识别数据属性的方法，这对现代人工神经网络至关重要。)”可知，Geoffrey Hinton的贡献对人工神经连接至关重要。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Nobel Prize in Chemistry中的介绍“Demis Hassabis and John Jumper tackled a 50-year-old challenge with their Al model that predicts complex protein structures, holding immense potential.(Demis Hassabis和John Jumper用他们的人工智能模型解决了一个50年来的挑战，该模型可以预测复杂的蛋白质结构，具有巨大的潜力。)”可知，人工智能模型帮助科学家解决了半个世纪的难题。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Nobel Peace Prize中的介绍“The 2024 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Nihon Hidankyo, a grassroots Japanese organization of atomic bomb survivors.(2024年诺贝尔和平奖授予了日本原子弹幸存者草根组织“日本Hidankyo”)”以及“This is quite different from other awards given to individuals. It won the prize for its efforts to achieve a world free of nuclear weapons. (这与其他授予个人的奖项有很大的不同。它因努力实现无核武器世界而获奖。)”可知，诺贝尔和平奖被授予了一个团体。故选D。 B The pond is silent — until the first cry: “Found something!” A swimmer ducks into the water. She emerges, fist first, holding a pair of bright blue children’s swimming goggles (护目镜) . These are passed to a kayaker (划艇者), who waves them overhead, like a prize. Over the next hour, the team of 15 — all over age 65, all women — hunts for trash across Mares Pond, a 28-acre kettle hole on Cape (海角) Cod, at depths of up to 8 feet. When the team returns to shore, the women are smiling and laughing cracking jokes about the dive and their haul. “We didn’t even know what it was,” one swimmer said with a giggle, referring to the blueberry cheesecake-flavored electronic cigarette they found. “We have to ask a young person.” These are the Old Ladies Against Underwater Garbage (OLAUG). Part conservation organization, part social club, the group’s existence is owed to a moment of spontaneity (自发性) by Susan Baur, a retired psychologist. She had begun swimming in ponds on the cape as a safer alternative to the ocean. But she found there was much stuff like golf balls and beer cans in the ponds and they were piling up. In 2017, she rounded up several friends and together they cleared a sizable amount of litter from a pond. Soon others joined them. However, the group is merely for ladies over the age of 65. “Over 65, if you’re healthy enough to do what we’re doing, it is the age of gratitude,” She says. “You are so grateful that you can still do this. You’re just grateful anyway, grateful for the trees and grateful for clean water.” She notes that “women over 65 tend to feel the limitation of aging.” They lose power and social standing, she says. Part of the goal of OLAUG is to demonstrate that older women, working as a team, can do a lot more than people might think. “We have just swum farther than we’ve ever swum. We’ve lifted more than we’ve ever lifted. We’ve seen stuff that we’ve never seen. And we’ve done good,” says Baur. “We come back with our hearts beating.” 4. What are the swimmers doing in the pond? A. Finding treasures. B. Swimming in a race. C. Playing games. D. Cleaning garbage. 5. What does the underlined word “haul” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Diving skills. B. Rescue operation. C. Items collected during a search. D. Discoveries under the sea. 6. Why did Susan Baur form the group OLAUG? A. To provide help and care for each other. B. To remove trash and display their capabilities. C. To promote pond swimming as a safer alternative. D. To organize swimming events and improve their skills. 7. What is the significance of the “old lady” identity for the group? A. It helps to attract public attention. B. It highlights their weakness as older women. C. It distinguishes them from other environmental groups. D. It emphasizes gratitude and physical ability at older age. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了退休心理学家Susan Baur成立的Old Ladies Against Underwater Garbage (OLAUG)组织，一群65岁以上的女士们一起清理水下垃圾，并展示了老年女性的能力。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“the team of 15 — all over age 65, all women — hunts for trash across Mares Pond.(这个由15人组成团队——都是65岁以上的女性——在马雷斯池塘里搜寻垃圾。)”可知，游泳者在池塘里搜寻垃圾，即清理垃圾。故选D。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“When the team returns to shore, the women are smiling and laughing cracking jokes about the dive and their haul.(当团队回到岸上时，女人们笑着，开着关于潜水和她们的‘haul’的玩笑。)”可知，此处的“haul”前面提到了潜水，因此“haul”应该与潜水有关，再结合第二段“the team of 15 — all over age 65, all women — hunts for trash across Mares Pond.(这支由15人组成的队伍——全部为65岁以上的女性——在马雷斯塘（Mares Pond）周围搜寻垃圾。)”可知，此处是说这些女性在潜水搜寻垃圾后回到岸上，笑着开着玩笑，因此“haul”指的是在搜寻过程中收集的物品，即垃圾。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In 2017, she rounded up several friends and together they cleared a sizable amount of litter from a pond. Soon others joined them. However, the group is merely for ladies over the age of 65.(2017年，她召集了几个朋友，一起从一个池塘里清理了大量垃圾。很快，其他人也加入了他们。然而，这个组织仅仅是为了65岁以上的女性。)”以及文章最后一段“Part of the goal of OLAUG is to demonstrate that older women, working as a team, can do a lot more than people might think.(OLAUG的一部分目标是证明，老年女性作为一个团队，可以做很多人们可能认为她们做不到的事情。)”可知，Susan Baur成立OLAUG组织是为了清除垃圾并展示老年女性的能力。故选B。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Over 65, if you’re healthy enough to do what we’re doing, it is the age of gratitude. You are so grateful that you can still do this. You’re just grateful anyway, grateful for the trees and grateful for clean water.(65岁以上，如果你足够健康，可以做我们正在做的事情，这就是感恩的年龄。你很感激你还能做这件事。不管怎样，你都很感激，感激树木，感激干净的水。)”可知，“老太太”的身份对于这个组织来说，强调了老年时的感恩和身体能力。故选D。 C As psychologists (心理学家) have long recognised, we humans cope with negative things by employing psychological defences. These often take the form of self-serving biases (偏见) , that is, we tend to owe other people’s successes to good luck, while seeing our own good results as a sign of born talent. Another example is the ‘better-than-average’ effect, in which case we think we’re better than most others at various skills from driving to maths. Getting defensive when we’re criticised, or when we make a mistake, is yet another of these self-protective mechanisms (机制). As the politicians so often say: “mistakes were made, but not by me”. So, when you give someone negative feedback (反馈) or you criticise them or their beliefs, you are - perhaps unconsciously - threatening their psychological defences. By forcing them to recognise how they’ve mistaken, you’re likely to trigger extremely uncomfortable social emotions, such as a shame, guilt or embarrassment, or scary thoughts of rejection or loss of status. A way for people to avoid these uncomfortable feelings and thoughts is to get defensive, to deny they did anything wrong, or to engage in the mental gymnastics needed to save face. Support for the social and moral aspects of defensiveness comes from a study by psychologists at Australia’s University of Flinders in 2020. The researchers showed that volunteers’ defensiveness (about past mistakes or possible moral guilt) was strengthened if they’d just had an experience of being socially rejected - thus making them more mentally weak. Contrarily, the volunteers acted less defensively if they’d had an earlier opportunity to demonstrate their moral values, which would have made them feel more secure about their moral standing. One practical point from all this is that when you’re giving negative feedback, it pays to consider the effect it may have on the other person’s self-confidence. Therefore, focus your criticism on what they did wrong, not on their personality or character. You can also take some of the sting out by concentrating on how their mistake can be fixed or how they can improve next time, that way they’re less likely to take things so personally. 8. Why do people get so defensive when criticised? A. To escape severe punishment. B. To refuse future improvement. C. To avoid uncomfortable emotions. D. To demonstrate their being delicate. 9. What did the study by psychologists at the University of Flinders in 2020 find? A. Social rejection increases defensiveness. B. Expressing moral values increases defensiveness. C. Giving advice on fixing one’s mistake hurts his confidence. D. Focusing criticism on one’s personality decreases his defensiveness. 10. Which of the following is a proper time for giving negative feedback? A. One has just made a blood donation. B. One has just received a job rejection. C. One has just been beaten in a debate. D. One has just failed in an exam. 11. What is the main idea of the article? A. People should avoid giving negative feedback to others. B. People often use psychological defenses to cope with criticism. C. The University of Flinders conducted a study on social rejection. D. The better-than-average’ effect is a common psychological defense. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们通过心理防御机制来应对批评。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“By forcing them to recognise how they’ve mistaken, you’re likely to trigger extremely uncomfortable social emotions, such as a shame, guilt or embarrassment, or scary thoughts of rejection or loss of status. A way for people to avoid these uncomfortable feelings and thoughts is to get defensive, to deny they did anything wrong, or to engage in the mental gymnastics needed to save face. (通过强迫他们认识到自己的错误，你很可能会引发极其不舒服的社交情绪，比如羞耻、内疚或尴尬，或者害怕被拒绝或失去地位的想法。人们避免这些不舒服的感觉和想法的一种方法是采取防御措施，否认自己做错了什么，或者进行必要的心理练习来挽回面子。)”可知，人们在受到批评时变得防御是为了避免不舒服的情绪。故选C项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The researchers showed that volunteers’ defensiveness (about past mistakes or possible moral guilt) was strengthened if they’d just had an experience of being socially rejected - thus making them more mentally weak. (研究人员表明，如果志愿者刚刚经历过被社会拒绝的经历，他们的防御能力（关于过去的错误或可能的道德内疚）就会增强，从而使他们的心理更加脆弱。)”可知，2020年弗林德斯大学的研究发现，社会拒绝会增加防御性。故选A项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Contrarily, the volunteers acted less defensively if they’d had an earlier opportunity to demonstrate their moral values, which would have made them feel more secure about their moral standing. (相反，如果志愿者有更早的机会展示自己的道德价值观，他们的防御行为就会减少，这会让他们对自己的道德地位感到更安全。)”可知，一个刚刚做过献血的人可能会感到道德上的满足和自信，因此这是一个适合给予负面反馈的时机。故选A项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是根据第一段“As psychologists (心理学家) have long recognised, we humans cope with negative things by employing psychological defences. (心理学家早就认识到，我们人类通过心理防御来应对消极事物。)”可知，文章主要介绍了人们通过心理防御机制来应对批评。故选B项。 D In the past few years, consumers have become more aware of the importance of sustainability in fashion. They want to know how products are made to ensure that their purchases aren’t negatively impacting the environment. This shift in consumer behavior has made traceable (可追踪的) cotton very popular with fashion brands, as it ensures the cotton comes from farms that advocate for sustainable practices — and, in turn, allows the brands to market their products as such. To meet this demand, farmers are increasingly performing sustainable practice — things like promoting biodiversity and minimizing harmful pesticides. Moving a farm to sustainable agriculture can be challenging, however. “Traceability covers all activities during the growing season through to harvest, which largely relies on date collection,” says Raymond Daniels, manager for BASF’s agricultural solutions. Without using technology, this data process can become troublesome. Farmers are not experts, says Daniels, and often don’t have the time needed to capture everything. To ensure the traceability of their cotton, more farmers are turning to BASF’s e3 cotton program. Aside from data tracking, farmers have the added benefit. “Once the cotton is harvested, we take the Permanent Bale ID (issued by the USDA) and attach that to the data captured in our platform,” says Daniels. “we can trace everything back to the field in which it was grown with the ID.” When brands know the cotton they are buying is from a sustainable farm, they are often willing to pay more for it. Mark and Cali Noland have seen the benefits firsthand. The traceability provided by the e3 program has opened up new opportunities for them—including direct partnerships with clothing manufacturers. “In the past, we’ve been totally at the mercy of what the market is doing,” Cali says. Now, by employing technology, they’re able to negotiate a price that reflects the actual value of their sustainably-produced cotton. “With our cotton, we’ve been able to make individual relationships with some fashion brands who want to know what practices you are doing on the farm for the quality of their product,” says Cali. 12. Why do farmers tend to adopt sustainable agriculture? A. Because consumers favor the cotton products. B. Because sustainable practices guarantee the quality. C. Because farmers want to satisfy the market requirements. D. Because the fashion brands grow environment-conscious. 13. What is BASF’s e3 cotton program aimed at? A. Exploring new market for cotton farmers. B. Sparing farmers the laborious work on land. C. Adjusting the process of agricultural production. D. Providing traceable information of signed cotton. 14. What benefits do the farmers gain through e3 program? A. Easy network access. B. Cooperation with manufacturers. C. Independent pricing. D. Output expansion. 15. What is the suitable title for the text? A. The Rise of Traceable Cotton: Technology Enables Sustainable Farming B. The Sustainable Agriculture: Unavoidable Changes Are on the Way C. BAST’s e3 Program: Cooperation Boosts Confidence D. The Greener Fashion: Quality Always Comes First 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了近年来消费者对可持续时尚的需求增加，导致对可追溯棉花的需求增加，为了满足这一需求，农民们越来越多地采用可持续农业，而BASF的e3棉花计划则为农民提供了确保棉花可追溯性的方法，使得农民能够谈判一个能反映其可持续生产棉花实际价值的价格，并有机会与服装制造商直接合作。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“This shift in consumer behavior has made traceable (可追踪的) cotton very popular with fashion brands, as it ensures the cotton comes from farms that advocate for sustainable practices — and, in turn, allows the brands to market their products as such. To meet this demand, farmers are increasingly performing sustainable practice — things like promoting biodiversity and minimizing harmful pesticides.(这种消费者行为的转变使得可追溯棉花在时尚品牌中非常受欢迎，因为它确保了棉花来自倡导可持续实践的农场，反过来，这也让品牌能够以此方式营销其产品。为了满足这一需求，农民们越来越多地采用可持续做法——比如促进生物多样性，尽量减少有害农药的使用。)”可知，农民采用可持续农业是为了满足市场需求，即消费者对可持续棉花的需求。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“To ensure the traceability of their cotton, more farmers are turning to BASF’s e3 cotton program.(为了确保棉花的可追溯性，越来越多的农民正在转向BASF的e3棉花计划。)”和文章第三段“Once the cotton is harvested, we take the Permanent Bale ID (issued by the USDA) and attach that to the data captured in our platform. ‘We can trace everything back to the field in which it was grown with the ID’.(一旦棉花收获，我们就会获取美国农业部颁发的永久捆包ID，并将其附加到我们平台上捕获的数据中。‘我们可以使用ID将所有信息追溯到种植它的田地’)”可知，BASF的e3棉花计划旨在提供签约棉花的可追溯信息。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段““In the past, we’ve been totally at the mercy of what the market is doing,” Cali says. Now, by employing technology, they’re able to negotiate a price that reflects the actual value of their sustainably-produced cotton.(“过去，我们完全受市场走势的支配，”卡利说。现在，通过采用技术，他们能够协商一个价格，反映他们可持续生产的棉花的实际价值)”可知，农民通过e3项目获得了自主定价的好处。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了近年来消费者对可持续时尚的需求增加，导致对可追溯棉花的需求增加，为了满足这一需求，农民们越来越多地采用可持续农业，而BASF的e3棉花计划则为农民提供了确保棉花可追溯性的方法，使得农民能够谈判一个能反映其可持续生产棉花实际价值的价格，并有机会与服装制造商直接合作。文章主要围绕“可追溯棉花的兴起”这一主题展开，并强调了技术（e3计划）在使可持续农业成为可能方面的重要作用，所以选项A“可追溯棉花的兴起：技术使可持续农业成为可能”作为标题最为恰当。故选A。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 My morning routine has looked very different over the years. As a freelancer (自由职业者), I don’t have a set time I need to wake up. So, it’s easy to sleep in until 10 A.M. then pull my laptop into bed and start work the moment I open my eyes. ____16____ I had yet to find the morning routine that worked for me until I saw The 5 AM Club and decided to see what it was about. ____17____ The core message is his advice to wake up at 5 A.M. following his 20/20/20 rule. That is: spend the first hour of your day doing 20 minutes of exercise, 20 minutes of reflection, and 20 minutes of learning. ____18____ I set my alarm for a painfully early 5 A.M. to see whether it’s worth the reputation. On my first morning, I got all the wisdom found in Sharma’s book and felt ready to apply it to my own life. 20 minutes of exercise warmed my body up, distracting me away from social media or TV series. After 20 minutes of reflection, I worked out a daily to-do list. ____19____ Getting up at 5 A.M. helped me focus on the things that mattered to me most. One hour a day doesn’t sound like much when you want to improve a skill, especially when you only spend 20 minutes of that hour reading and learning. ____20____ If you aim to improve a skill by just 1% each day, over a year, these days will pile up and you’ll have improved by more than 300%. Of course, you can customize the routine to suit your life and goals. The point is that you persist in getting up early and spending an hour bettering yourself each day. A. We all have a limited mental capacity. B. But Sharma argues that a small amount of daily progress can add up. C. The book is the bestseller by Robins Sharma, an advisor of Microsoft. D. The routine is said to transform your productivity, health, and well-being. E. But I want to be the happiest, healthiest, most productive version of myself. F. At first, I didn’t have faith in the book for I was used to my old morning routine. G. We may have the intention to read a chapter of a personal development book each day. 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. F 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了《清晨5点俱乐部》这本书对作者带来的影响。 【16题详解】 根据上文“My morning routine has looked very different over the years. As a freelancer (自由职业者), I don’t have a set time I need to wake up. So, it’s easy to sleep in until 10 A.M. then pull my laptop into bed and start work the moment I open my eyes.(这些年来，我早上的例行公事看起来很不一样。作为一名自由职业者，我没有固定的起床时间。所以，很容易睡到早上10点，然后把笔记本电脑放在床上，一睁眼就开始工作)”以及第二段“I had yet to find the morning routine that worked for me until I saw The 5 AM Club and decided to see what it was about.(直到我看了《清晨5点俱乐部》后，我才找到适合自己的晨间惯例，并决定去看看它是怎么回事)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出作者想要让自己变得更好，找到更适合自己的晨间惯例，故E选项“但我想成为最快乐、最健康、最富有成效的自己”符合语境，故选E。 【17题详解】 根据上文“I had yet to find the morning routine that worked for me until I saw The 5 AM Club and decided to see what it was about.(直到我看了《清晨5点俱乐部》后，我才找到适合自己的晨间惯例，并决定去看看它是怎么回事)”可知，本句承接上文，介绍《清晨5点俱乐部》这本书的情况。故C选项“这本书是微软顾问罗宾斯·夏尔马的畅销书”符合语境，故选C。 【18题详解】 根据后文“I set my alarm for a painfully early 5 A.M. to see whether it’s worth the reputation.(我痛苦地把闹钟定在凌晨5点，看看这样做是否值得)”可知，后文提到作者痛苦地设定闹钟，说明一开始并相信这本书的内容，所以感到痛苦。故F选项“一开始，我对这本书没有信心，因为我已经习惯了早晨的例行公事”符合语境，故选F。 【19题详解】 根据上文“On my first morning, I got all the wisdom found in Sharma’s book and felt ready to apply it to my own life. 20 minutes of exercise warmed my body up, distracting me away from social media or TV series. After 20 minutes of reflection, I worked out a daily to-do list.(第一天早上，我就领会了夏尔马书中的所有智慧，并准备将其应用到自己的生活中。20分钟的运动让我的身体暖和起来，把我的注意力从社交媒体和电视剧中转移开。经过20分钟的思考，我列出了每天要做的事情)”以及后文“Getting up at 5 A.M. helped me focus on the things that mattered to me most. One hour a day doesn’t sound like much when you want to improve a skill, especially when you only spend 20 minutes of that hour reading and learning.(早上5点起床帮助我把注意力集中在对我来说最重要的事情上。当你想提高一项技能时，每天一小时听起来并不多，尤其是当你只花20分钟阅读和学习的时候)”可知，上文提到列出每天要做的事情，本句承接上文，说明这一习惯的好处。故D选项“据说这种习惯能提高你的效率、健康和幸福感”符合语境，故选D。 【20题详解】 根据后文“If you aim to improve a skill by just 1% each day, over a year, these days will pile up and you’ll have improved by more than 300%.(如果你的目标是每天只提高1%的技能，一年下来，这些天累积起来，你就会提高300%以上)”可知，后文提到每天提高技能，最后能累积到300%以上，说明进步可以累积起来，B选项中add up对应后文pile up。故B选项“但是Sharma认为每天少量的进步可以累积起来”符合语境，故选B。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项。 Maria was alarmed, the moment she knew I was leaving for a trip without her. She was three and I just started my new career as a new travel writer. She didn’t hold back her despair, ____21____ strongly. Maria was born during our sailing adventure. We planned to sail again when she was seven, at which time she’d be ____22____ enough for us all to enjoy family travel. But ____23____, an opportunity for a parent-child train journey through the Rockies came. When she watched me take notes about the scenery, four-year-old Maria started ____24____ an Australian couple on the train and drawing their answers in crayon (蜡笔) to prove her ____25____ as an assistant. She was also great during other trips, like in Mexico’s Riviera Maya, ____26____ swimming and snorkelling (潜水) under sea, which many adults dared not challenge. In Fiji (斐济), nine-year old Maria was ____27____ by the women chiefs we met and decided to become a leader. I realized how much travel was ____28____ my once glued-to-my-heel kid. When she was admitted to a college in Southern Africa, it was my turn to be ____29____. My mother told me I should have expected that a kid raised sailing around the world would develop her own desire for ____30____. But during that first airport ____31____, I wanted nothing more than to stay with her longer. When she returned, the 21-year-old girl seemed unfamiliar. But our trip to the Big Tree Trail Park helped us ____32____. Looking up at the old trees, Maria ____33____ some of the tales I’d told her about me saving the ancient forests. I could see myself come into focus for her — not just as her mum but as a fellow ____34____. She grabbed my hand and we just walked among the trees, absorbing the moment, making another ____35____. 21. A. revealing B. reacting C. replying D. approving 22. A. qualified B. independent C. efficient D. determined 23. A. unfortunately B. consequently C. unexpectedly D. rarely 24. A. interviewing B. bothering C. accompanying D. entertaining 25. A. observation B. appreciation C. worth D. strength 26. A. fearlessly B. rudely C. accidentally D. carefully 27. A. adored B. fascinated C. distracted D. employed 28. A. engineering B. challenging C. shaping D. perfecting 29. A. concerned about B. left behind C. looked after D. taken with 30. A. knowledge B. friendship C. adventure D. freedom 31. A. reunion B. celebration C. interaction D. separation 32. A. reconnect B. recognize C. perceive D. clarify 33. A. recalled B. created C. imagined D. developed 34. A. instructor B. companion C. consultant D. traveller 35. A. wish B. change C. communication D. memory 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者作为一名旅行作家，如何带着女儿一起旅行，并看到女儿在旅行中的成长和变化。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她没有抑制住自己的绝望，反应强烈。A. revealing揭示；展现；B. reacting反应；C. replying回答，回复；D. approving赞成，同意。根据本句“She didn’t hold back her despair (她没有抑制住自己的绝望)”以及上句“Maria was alarmed, the moment she knew I was leaving for a trip without her.(当玛丽亚知道我要丢下她去旅行时，她吓坏了)”可知，作者的女儿反应很强烈。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们计划在她七岁的时候再去航海，那时她就足够独立了，我们就可以享受家庭旅行了。A. qualified取得资格（或学历）；B. independent独立的；C. efficient效率高的；D. determined下定决心的。根据本句“We planned to sail again when she was seven (我们计划在她七岁的时候再去航海)”可知，在作者的女儿七岁时去旅行，她就足够独立了。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但出乎意料的是，亲子火车穿越落基山脉的机会来了。A. unfortunately不幸地，遗憾地；B. consequently因此，结果；C. unexpectedly出乎意料地；D. rarely罕有，很少。根据本句“an opportunity for a parent - child train journey through the Rockies came. (亲子火车穿越落基山脉的机会来了。)”but表示转折可知，作者本打算在女儿七岁的时候去航海，但是亲子火车穿越落基山脉的机会过早到来，所以是出乎意料的。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当四岁的玛丽亚看到我在做关于风景的笔记时，她开始在火车上采访一对澳大利亚夫妇，并用蜡笔写下他们的回答，以证明她作为助理的价值。A. interviewing面试；B. bothering烦扰；C. accompanying陪同；D. entertaining使有兴趣，使快乐。根据本句“When she watched me take notes about the scenery (当她看着我记录风景的时候)”以及“drawing their answers in crayon (蜡笔) (并用蜡笔写下他们的回答)”可知，玛丽亚开始在火车上采访一对澳大利亚夫妇。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. observation观察，监视；B. appreciation欣赏，鉴赏；C. worth价值；D. strength体力，力量。根据本句“as an assistant. (作为助理的)”以及“drawing their answers in crayon (蜡笔) (并用蜡笔写下他们的回答)”可知，作者的女儿火车上采访一对澳大利亚夫妇，并用蜡笔写下他们的回答，以证明她作为助理的价值。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在其他旅行中，她也表现出色，比如在墨西哥的里维埃拉玛雅，她无畏地在海底游泳和浮潜，这是许多成年人不敢挑战的。A. fearlessly勇敢地；B. rudely无礼地；粗暴地；C. accidentally 意外地，偶然地；D. carefully认真地。根据本句“many adults dared not challenge. (这是许多成年人不敢挑战的)”可知，玛丽亚无畏地在海底游泳和浮潜。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在斐济，9岁的玛丽亚被我们遇到的女酋长所吸引，并决定成为一名领袖。A. adored崇拜的；B. fascinated入迷的，极感兴趣的；C. distracted注意力分散的；D. employed被雇用的。根据本句“decided to become a leader.(决定成为一名领袖)”可知，玛丽亚被我们遇到的女酋长所吸引，进而决定成为一名领袖。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到旅行对我这个曾经粘着我的孩子的影响有多大。A. engineering设计，建造；B. challenging 富于挑战性的；C. shaping塑造；成形；D. perfecting（使）完美，完善。根据上句“In Fiji (斐济), nine-year old Maria was ____7____ by the women chiefs we met and decided to become a leader. (在斐济，9岁的玛丽亚被我们遇到的女酋长所吸引，并决定成为一名领袖。)”旅行让作者女儿有了自己的梦想和追求，可知，旅行对孩子的影响很大。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当她被南非的一所大学录取时，轮到我被抛在后面了。A. concerned about关心；担忧；B. left behind被遗留；C. looked after照顾；D. taken with被某人吸引。根据本句“When she was admitted to a college in Southern Africa (当她被南非的一所大学录取时)”可知，玛丽亚被南非的一所大学录取，她要去上大学，和妈妈分开。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我母亲告诉我，我应该预料到，一个航海环游世界长大的孩子会发展出自己对冒险的渴望 A. knowledge知识，学问；B. friendship友谊；C. adventure冒险；D. freedom自由。根据本句“I should have expected that a kid raised sailing around the world (我应该预料到，一个航海环游世界长大的孩子)”可知，一个航海环游世界长大的孩子会培养出自己对冒险的渴望。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是在第一次机场分离期间，我只想和她多待一会儿。A. reunion聚会，团聚；B. celebration庆典，庆祝活动；C. interaction互动，交流；D. separation分开，分隔。根据上文“When she was admitted to a college in Southern Africa, it was my turn to be ____9____ (当她被南非的一所大学录取时，轮到我被抛在后面了)”可知，玛丽亚被南非的一所大学录取，在机场和妈妈分开。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我们去大树小径公园的旅行帮助我们重新联系上了。A. reconnect再连接，再供应；B. recognize认识，辨别出；C. perceive认为，理解；D. clarify澄清，阐明。根据上句“When she returned, the 21-year-old girl seemed unfamiliar. (当她回来时，这个21岁的女孩似乎很陌生。)”以及后文“Maria ____13____ some of the tales I’d told her about me saving the ancient forests. (玛丽亚抬头看着那些老树，想起了我告诉她的一些关于我拯救古老森林的故事)”可知，玛丽亚回来，和妈妈似乎很陌生，他们去大树小径公园的旅行帮助我们重新联系上了，故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：玛丽亚抬头看着那些老树，想起了我告诉她一些关于我拯救古老森林的故事。A. recalled回忆，回想；B. created创造；建立；C. imagined想象；D. developed发展，壮大。根据本句“I’d told her about me saving the ancient forests (想起了我告诉她的一些关于我拯救古老森林的故事)”可知，玛丽亚回想起了作者告诉她的一些关于我拯救古老森林的故事。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以看到自己成为了她的焦点——不仅仅是作为她的妈妈，而是作为她的同伴。A. instructor教练，导师；B. companion同伴，伴侣；C. consultant顾问；D. traveller旅行者。根据本句“I could see myself come into focus for her.(我可以看到自己成为了她的焦点)”以及后句“She grabbed my hand and we just walked among the trees (她抓住我的手，我们就在树林里走着)”可知，作者在旅行中陪伴孩子，即成为孩子的同伴。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她抓住我的手，我们就在树林里走着，享受着这一刻，进行着另一次交流。A. wish希望；B. change 改变；C. communication交流；D. memory记忆。根据上文“Looking up at the old trees, Maria ____13____ some of the tales I’d told her about me saving the ancient forests. (玛丽亚抬头看着那些老树，想起了我告诉她的一些关于我拯救古老森林的故事)”可知，作者和女儿在树林里走着，交流旅行的往事。故选C。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever seen paintings inside of ____36____ 8-centimeter glass ball? This is Nei Hua, also known as interior painting. ____37____ (begin) from over a century ago in Shandong province, the art requires artists to paint the inside of a bottle or glass ball featuring themes like flowers, birds and ____38____ (nature) landscapes. Due to the challenge of mastering this skill, interior painting ____39____ (acknowledge) as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2014. Compared with working on paper, interior painting is far more difficult. Before starting, a plan is carefully made with the curvature (曲度) of the inner wall of the bottle ____40____ (take) into consideration. Proper planning ensures that you can paint within the lines and create perfect outlines. Besides, intense practice and persistence are ____41____ vital importance in the painting process. Exposed to this art since childhood, Li has been improving her skills for about two decades. After mastering the art, she wanted to go further. She has invented a new style ____42____ (bring) her paintings to life, ____43____ is very successful. Drawing the background on the outside of the bottle and characters on the inside ____44____ (make) the painting more three-dimensional. In _____45_____ (compare) to previous generations of artists focused on historical themes, Li embraces contemporary subjects from everyday life. Her artworks demonstrate modern characters and familiar scenes. 【答案】36. an 37. Beginning 38. natural 39. was acknowledged 40. taken 41. of 42. to bring 43. which 44. makes 45. comparison 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了中国的一种传统艺术形式——内画（Nei Hua），也被称为内绘。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：你曾经看过一个8厘米玻璃球里面的画吗？ball为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且8-centimeter发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：从一个多世纪前的山东省开始，这种艺术要求艺术家们在瓶子或玻璃球内部作画，主题包括花卉、鸟类和自然风景等。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，the art和begin为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Beginning。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意同上。修饰名词landscapes，需用形容词natural，作定语。故填natural。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：由于掌握这项技能的挑战性，内画于2014年被认定为国家非物质文化遗产。“interior painting”与“acknowledge”是被动关系，结合时间状语“in 2014”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，所以此空应填一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was acknowledged。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在开始之前，需要仔细制定计划，并考虑到瓶子内壁的曲率。“with+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定结构，the curvature of the inner wall of the bottle与take之间是被动关系，所以此空应填过去分词taken。故填taken。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：此外，在绘画过程中，刻苦练习和坚持不懈是至关重要的。“be of+名词”相当于“be+形容词”，此处“be of vital importance”为固定短语，表示“至关重要的”。故填of。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她发明了一种新风格来使她的画作栩栩如生，这非常成功。此处表示“为了将她的画带活”，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to bring。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。此空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整个句子，且此空在从句中作主语，指代前面整个句子的内容，所以此空应填关系代词which引导。故填which。 【44题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在瓶子外面画背景，里面画人物，这使得画作更具立体感。“Drawing the background on the outside of the bottle and characters on the inside”是句子的主语，分析句子结构可知，此空为谓语动词，且此句描述的是客观事实，所以此空应填一般现在时的第三人称单数形式makes。故填makes。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：与专注于历史主题的前几代艺术家相比，李接受了日常生活中的当代主题。in comparison to为固定搭配，意为“与……相比”。故填comparison。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 书面表达(满分15分) 46. 假设你是学生科学院的李华，最近收到世界中学生科学大会的邀请函，请你在大会上汇报你参加的科普活动。请写一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1. 活动的名称、地点、时间; 2. 目的和内容; 3. 你的感受。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右; 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Ladies and Gentlemen, I’m Li Hua from China. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for listening. 【答案】Ladies and Gentlemen, I’m Li Hua from China. I received an invitation named “Science around Us” from the World Science Conference for Middle School Students last week. Its aim is to arouse students’ passion for science and enrich our school life, At the beginning, a lecture related to the development of science was given, from which I benefited a lot. Besides, we watched videos that introduced common physical phenomena in our lives. Finally, many aspects of the great scientists, their achievements and contributions in particular, were introduced to us. Through the activity, not only did I master some basic and practical skills, but also my awareness of science was raised. Thank you for listening. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇发言稿，在世界中学生科学大会上汇报参加的科普活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 收到：get → receive 首先：at first → at the beginning 此外：what’s more →besides 目标：goal→ aim 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Finally, many aspects of the great scientists, their achievements and contributions in particular, were introduced to us. 拓展句：Finally, many aspects of the great scientists, which included their achievements and contributions in particular, were introduced to us. 【点睛】【高分句型1】At the beginning, a lecture related to the development of science was given, from which I benefited a lot.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Through the activity, not only did I master some basic and practical skills, but also our awareness of science was raised.（运用了not only…but also…引导的倒装句） 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Sitting down at a restaurant in New York, my fiancé (未婚夫), Donato and I enjoyed a moment of calm. It had been a crazy long time getting everything ready for our wedding. Donato had Italian family, and our 100 guests would be flying from the US and around the globe to Italy, including London, Melbourne and Tokyo. There would be a huge ceremony in Roma three days away. Our flights were booked, our passports were up to date, and we had filed the paperwork registering our intention to get married. “We’d better get back to Chickie,” I said after we’d eaten. Chickie was our one-year-old pet dog who we loved like a baby. I liked sharing my daily life with the lovely dog on my social media. My daily posts received many likes, making Chickie a local online influencer. Arriving home, I got ready for taking a bath while Donato checked on Chickie, Suddenly, I heard screaming coming from the living room. “Chickie! No!” Donato was repeating. “What is going on?” I thought, racing from the bathroom. “She ate my passport!” he cried. He’d left it on the coffee table after getting all the travel documents together. As I opened the chewed booklet, I saw that his personal information page was shredded (撕成条). Chickie clearly felt guilty. Her tail was between her legs and she was sending us forlorn glances. We couldn’t board any plane without the passport. I googled the official website of the local state office, and found out a new passport couldn’t be printed in less than 5 days. “We’ve been planning this wedding for a year and a half,” I said to Donato. “Cancelling is not an option.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Thinking fast, I turned to local media for help. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The E-mail from the state office said the passport agency does same-day printing for emergencies. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Thinking fast, I turned to local media for help. I uploaded an article on social media, describing our experiences. We also included photos of Chickie in the article. The article has sparked great attention on the internet. Many people comfort us and offer us some solutions, but they have no practical effect. Just when I was extremely anxious, a reply caught my attention and suggested that I apply for an emergency passport from the state office. I immediately took action. The E-mail from the state office said the passport agency does same-day printing for emergencies. Donato and I hugged each other and breathed a sigh of relief that our wedding could proceed as scheduled. The situation went smoothly and we received our emergency passport the next day. Donato and I appeared at the wedding as scheduled, along with Chickie. After listening to our experience, our family and friends were all amazed by it. This was an unforgettable experience which made me understand that there are always more solutions than difficulties. 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了我和未婚夫花费了很长时间准备我们的婚礼，当一切准备就绪时，我想把我的宠物狗也带去婚礼现场。回到家后，我准备洗澡，突然听到客厅传来未婚夫的尖叫声，原来是宠物狗把未婚夫的护照弄坏了，无法使用，我搜索了官方网站，发现新护照无法在不到5天内打印出来，我们的婚礼要泡汤了。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我思维敏捷，向当地媒体寻求帮助。”可知，第一段可描写我求助的过程及成果。 ②由第二段首句内容“州政府办公室的电子邮件称，护照机构会在当天打印紧急情况。”可知，第二段可描写事情解决的过程及我的感悟。 2.续写线索：发布社交媒体文章——得到回复——找到办法——事情解决——来到婚礼现场——我的感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①提供：offer/provide ②吸引我的注意：catch my attention/draw my attention ③建议：suggest/advise 情绪类 ①焦急：anxious/worried ②惊讶的：amazed/surprised 【点睛】[高分句型1]. Just when I was extremely anxious, a reply caught my attention and suggested that I apply for an emergency passport from the state office.（由when引导的时间状语从句和that引导的宾语从句） [高分句型2]. This was an unforgettable experience which made me understand that there are always more solutions than difficulties.（由which引导的限制性定语从句和that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 华中师大一附中2024—2025学年度上学期期中检测 高二年级英语试题 时间：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A ￡19.15. B. ￡9.15. C. ￡9.18. 1. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Tour Boston. B. Visit Caroline. C. Watch the news. 2. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A food shop. B. A terrible picnic. C. Tomorrow’s weather. 3. When is the plane now expected to arrive? A. After 7:00 p.m. B. After 9:00 p.m. C. After 9:30 p.m. 4. Why does the man need a new place to go running? A. Because he just moved to Skyline Boulevard. B. Because he doesn’t like crowds. C. Because he wants a flatter area. 5. What does the man care about most? A. The book’s edition. B. The book’s price. C. The book’s content. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man like most? A. The Jungle Flying Train. B. The Air Force Ants. C. The Lost Maya Kingdom. 7. Where are the speakers? A. In a toy shop. B. In a science museum. C. In an amusement park. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the woman’s job probably? A. A repair woman. B. A bank clerk. C. A computer seller. 9. What will the man probably do? A. Pay by bank transfer. B. Pay by credit card. C. Pay by check. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the matter with the man’s son at school? A. He has issues with tests. B. He is lonely with few friends. C. He is easily distracted in class. 11. What does the woman suggest the man’s son do? A. Have more challenging homework. B. Practice more before tests. C. Make more new friends. 12. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Wife and husband. B. Teacher and parent. C. Friends. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is in the picture? A. The man’s cat. B. The man’s table. C. The man’s sister. 14. Why does the man paint eyes so well? A. He uses white paint as light. B. He paints according to photographs. C. He has had lot of practice on cats’ eyes. 15. What does the man have problems with? A. Painting hands. B. Painting hair. C. Painting cats 16. Where are the speakers? A. In a bookstore. B. At the man’s house. C. In an art gallery. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Why will Mr. Jenkins be leaving? A. He is terribly ill. B. He has found a new job. C. He will take care of a family member. 18. When will Mr. Jenkins be leaving? A. At the end of the week. B. At the end of the month. C. At the end of the year. 19. What will the school do to appreciate Mr. Jenkins? A. Hold a goodbye celebration. B. Buy a precious gift for him. C. Name something after him. 20. Who will take over Mr. Jenkins’ duty? A. A math teacher. B. A professional athlete. C. A basketball coach. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The Nobel Prizes for 2024 have honored groundbreaking discoveries and achievements that have significantly benefited humankind in various ways. These winners have made remarkable contributions to their respective fields, pushing the boundaries of human knowledge and understanding. Nobel Prize in Physics The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics to John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton. They employed physics tools to develop methods that paved the way for advanced machine learning. Hopfield created a structure capable of storing and reconstructing information, while Hinton invented a method that independently identifies data properties, crucial for modern artificial neural networks. Nobel Prize in Chemistry In Chemistry, the focus was on proteins, vital for life. David Baker achieved the seemingly impossible by crafting entirely new protein types. Demis Hassabis and John Jumper tackled a 50-year-old challenge with their Al model that predicts complex protein structures, holding immense potential. Nobel Prize in Literature Han Kang, a South Korean author, won the Nobel Prize in Literature for her intense poetic prose (散文) addressing historical mental scars and exposing human life’s weakness. Her unique awareness of body-soul connections and her innovative style have made her a contemporary prose pioneer. Nobel Peace Prize The 2024 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Nihon Hidankyo, a grassroots Japanese organization of atomic bomb survivors. This is quite different from other awards given to individuals. It won the prize for its efforts to achieve a world free of nuclear weapons. The organization was formed by survivors of the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima (广岛) and Nagasaki (长崎) in1945. 1. Whose contribution is vital for artificial neural connections? A. Geoffrey Hinton. B. Demis Hassabis. C. Han Kang. D. John Hopfield. 2. What assisted scientists in solving a half-century-old problem? A. Crafting new protein types. B. Advanced machine learning. C. AI model. D. Analyzing data properties. 3. Which prize was awarded to a group? A. Nobel Prize in Physics. B. Nobel Prize in Chemistry. C. Nobel Prize in Literature. D. Nobel Peace Prize. B The pond is silent — until the first cry: “Found something!” A swimmer ducks into the water. She emerges, fist first, holding a pair of bright blue children’s swimming goggles (护目镜) . These are passed to a kayaker (划艇者), who waves them overhead, like a prize. Over the next hour the team of 15 — all over age 65, all women — hunts for trash across Mares Pond, a 28-acre kettle hole on Cape (海角) Cod, at depths of up to 8 feet. When the team returns to shore, the women are smiling and laughing cracking jokes about the dive and their haul. “We didn’t even know what it was,” one swimmer said with a giggle, referring to the blueberry cheesecake-flavored electronic cigarette they found. “We have to ask a young person.” These are the Old Ladies Against Underwater Garbage (OLAUG). Part conservation organization, part social club, the group’s existence is owed to a moment of spontaneity (自发性) by Susan Baur, a retired psychologist. She had begun swimming in ponds on the cape as a safer alternative to the ocean. But she found there was much stuff like golf balls and beer cans in the ponds and they were piling up. In 2017, she rounded up several friends and together they cleared a sizable amount of litter from a pond. Soon others joined them. However, the group is merely for ladies over the age of 65. “Over 65, if you’re healthy enough to do what we’re doing, it is the age of gratitude,” She says. “You are so grateful that you can still do this. You’re just grateful anyway, grateful for the trees and grateful for clean water.” She notes that “women over 65 tend to feel the limitation of aging.” They lose power and social standing, she says. Part of the goal of OLAUG is to demonstrate that older women, working as a team, can do a lot more than people might think. “We have just swum farther than we’ve ever swum. We’ve lifted more than we’ve ever lifted. We’ve seen stuff that we’ve never seen. And we’ve done good,” says Baur. “We come back with our hearts beating.” 4. What are the swimmers doing in the pond? A. Finding treasures. B. Swimming in a race. C. Playing games. D. Cleaning garbage. 5. What does the underlined word “haul” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Diving skills. B. Rescue operation. C. Items collected during a search. D. Discoveries under the sea. 6. Why did Susan Baur form the group OLAUG? A. To provide help and care for each other. B. To remove trash and display their capabilities. C. To promote pond swimming as a safer alternative. D. To organize swimming events and improve their skills. 7. What is the significance of the “old lady” identity for the group? A. It helps to attract public attention. B. It highlights their weakness as older women. C. It distinguishes them from other environmental groups. D. It emphasizes gratitude and physical ability at older age. C As psychologists (心理学家) have long recognised, we humans cope with negative things by employing psychological defences. These often take the form of self-serving biases (偏见) , that is, we tend to owe other people’s successes to good luck, while seeing our own good results as a sign of born talent. Another example is the ‘better-than-average’ effect, in which case we think we’re better than most others at various skills from driving to maths. Getting defensive when we’re criticised, or when we make a mistake, is yet another of these self-protective mechanisms (机制). As the politicians so often say: “mistakes were made, but not by me”. So, when you give someone negative feedback (反馈) or you criticise them or their beliefs, you are - perhaps unconsciously - threatening their psychological defences. By forcing them to recognise how they’ve mistaken, you’re likely to trigger extremely uncomfortable social emotions, such as a shame, guilt or embarrassment, or scary thoughts of rejection or loss of status. A way for people to avoid these uncomfortable feelings and thoughts is to get defensive, to deny they did anything wrong, or to engage in the mental gymnastics needed to save face. Support for the social and moral aspects of defensiveness comes from a study by psychologists at Australia’s University of Flinders in 2020. The researchers showed that volunteers’ defensiveness (about past mistakes or possible moral guilt) was strengthened if they’d just had an experience of being socially rejected - thus making them more mentally weak. Contrarily, the volunteers acted less defensively if they’d had an earlier opportunity to demonstrate their moral values, which would have made them feel more secure about their moral standing. One practical point from all this is that when you’re giving negative feedback, it pays to consider the effect it may have on the other person’s self-confidence. Therefore, focus your criticism on what they did wrong, not on their personality or character. You can also take some of the sting out by concentrating on how their mistake can be fixed or how they can improve next time, that way they’re less likely to take things so personally. 8. Why do people get so defensive when criticised? A. To escape severe punishment. B. To refuse future improvement. C. To avoid uncomfortable emotions. D. To demonstrate their being delicate. 9. What did the study by psychologists at the University of Flinders in 2020 find? A. Social rejection increases defensiveness. B. Expressing moral values increases defensiveness. C. Giving advice on fixing one’s mistake hurts his confidence. D. Focusing criticism on one’s personality decreases his defensiveness. 10. Which of the following is a proper time for giving negative feedback? A. One has just made a blood donation. B. One has just received a job rejection. C. One has just been beaten in a debate. D. One has just failed in an exam. 11. What is the main idea of the article? A. People should avoid giving negative feedback to others. B. People often use psychological defenses to cope with criticism. C. The University of Flinders conducted a study on social rejection. D. The better-than-average’ effect is a common psychological defense. D In the past few years, consumers have become more aware of the importance of sustainability in fashion. They want to know how products are made to ensure that their purchases aren’t negatively impacting the environment. This shift in consumer behavior has made traceable (可追踪的) cotton very popular with fashion brands, as it ensures the cotton comes from farms that advocate for sustainable practices — and, in turn, allows the brands to market their products as such. To meet this demand, farmers are increasingly performing sustainable practice — things like promoting biodiversity and minimizing harmful pesticides. Moving a farm to sustainable agriculture can be challenging, however. “Traceability covers all activities during the growing season through to harvest, which largely relies on date collection,” says Raymond Daniels, manager for BASF’s agricultural solutions. Without using technology, this data process can become troublesome. Farmers are not experts, says Daniels, and often don’t have the time needed to capture everything. To ensure the traceability of their cotton, more farmers are turning to BASF’s e3 cotton program. Aside from data tracking, farmers have the added benefit. “Once the cotton is harvested, we take the Permanent Bale ID (issued by the USDA) and attach that to the data captured in our platform,” says Daniels. “we can trace everything back to the field in which it was grown with the ID.” When brands know the cotton they are buying is from a sustainable farm, they are often willing to pay more for it. Mark and Cali Noland have seen the benefits firsthand. The traceability provided by the e3 program has opened up new opportunities for them—including direct partnerships with clothing manufacturers. “In the past, we’ve been totally at the mercy of what the market is doing,” Cali says. Now, by employing technology, they’re able to negotiate a price that reflects the actual value of their sustainably-produced cotton. “With our cotton, we’ve been able to make individual relationships with some fashion brands who want to know what practices you are doing on the farm for the quality of their product,” says Cali. 12. Why do farmers tend to adopt sustainable agriculture? A. Because consumers favor the cotton products. B. Because sustainable practices guarantee the quality. C. Because farmers want to satisfy the market requirements. D. Because the fashion brands grow environment-conscious. 13. What is BASF’s e3 cotton program aimed at? A. Exploring new market for cotton farmers. B. Sparing farmers the laborious work on land. C. Adjusting the process of agricultural production. D. Providing traceable information of signed cotton. 14. What benefits do the farmers gain through e3 program? A. Easy network access. B. Cooperation with manufacturers. C. Independent pricing. D. Output expansion. 15. What is the suitable title for the text? A. The Rise of Traceable Cotton: Technology Enables Sustainable Farming B. The Sustainable Agriculture: Unavoidable Changes Are on the Way C. BAST’s e3 Program: Cooperation Boosts Confidence D. The Greener Fashion: Quality Always Comes First 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 My morning routine has looked very different over the years. As a freelancer (自由职业者), I don’t have a set time I need to wake up. So, it’s easy to sleep in until 10 A.M. then pull my laptop into bed and start work the moment I open my eyes. ____16____ I had yet to find the morning routine that worked for me until I saw The 5 AM Club and decided to see what it was about. ____17____ The core message is his advice to wake up at 5 A.M. following his 20/20/20 rule. That is: spend the first hour of your day doing 20 minutes of exercise, 20 minutes of reflection, and 20 minutes of learning. ____18____ I set my alarm for a painfully early 5 A.M. to see whether it’s worth the reputation. On my first morning, I got all the wisdom found in Sharma’s book and felt ready to apply it to my own life. 20 minutes of exercise warmed my body up, distracting me away from social media or TV series. After 20 minutes of reflection, I worked out a daily to-do list. ____19____ Getting up at 5 A.M. helped me focus on the things that mattered to me most. One hour a day doesn’t sound like much when you want to improve a skill, especially when you only spend 20 minutes of that hour reading and learning. ____20____ If you aim to improve a skill by just 1% each day, over a year, these days will pile up and you’ll have improved by more than 300%. Of course, you can customize the routine to suit your life and goals. The point is that you persist in getting up early and spending an hour bettering yourself each day. A. We all have a limited mental capacity. B. But Sharma argues that a small amount of daily progress can add up. C. The book is the bestseller by Robins Sharma, an advisor of Microsoft. D. The routine is said to transform your productivity, health, and well-being. E. But I want to be the happiest, healthiest, most productive version of myself. F. At first, I didn’t have faith in the book for I was used to my old morning routine. G. We may have the intention to read a chapter of a personal development book each day. 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项。 Maria was alarmed, the moment she knew I was leaving for a trip without her. She was three and I just started my new career as a new travel writer. She didn’t hold back her despair, ____21____ strongly. Maria was born during our sailing adventure. We planned to sail again when she was seven, at which time she’d be ____22____ enough for us all to enjoy family travel. But ____23____, an opportunity for a parent-child train journey through the Rockies came. When she watched me take notes about the scenery, four-year-old Maria started ____24____ an Australian couple on the train and drawing their answers in crayon (蜡笔) to prove her ____25____ as an assistant. She was also great during other trips, like in Mexico’s Riviera Maya, ____26____ swimming and snorkelling (潜水) under sea, which many adults dared not challenge. In Fiji (斐济), nine-year old Maria was ____27____ by the women chiefs we met and decided to become a leader. I realized how much travel was ____28____ my once glued-to-my-heel kid. When she was admitted to a college in Southern Africa, it was my turn to be ____29____. My mother told me I should have expected that a kid raised sailing around the world would develop her own desire for ____30____. But during that first airport ____31____, I wanted nothing more than to stay with her longer. When she returned, the 21-year-old girl seemed unfamiliar. But our trip to the Big Tree Trail Park helped us ____32____. Looking up at the old trees, Maria ____33____ some of the tales I’d told her about me saving the ancient forests. I could see myself come into focus for her — not just as her mum but as a fellow ____34____. She grabbed my hand and we just walked among the trees, absorbing the moment, making another ____35____. 21. A. revealing B. reacting C. replying D. approving 22. A. qualified B. independent C. efficient D. determined 23. A. unfortunately B. consequently C. unexpectedly D. rarely 24. A. interviewing B. bothering C. accompanying D. entertaining 25. A. observation B. appreciation C. worth D. strength 26 A. fearlessly B. rudely C. accidentally D. carefully 27. A. adored B. fascinated C. distracted D. employed 28. A. engineering B. challenging C. shaping D. perfecting 29. A. concerned about B. left behind C. looked after D. taken with 30. A. knowledge B. friendship C. adventure D. freedom 31. A. reunion B. celebration C. interaction D. separation 32. A. reconnect B. recognize C. perceive D. clarify 33. A. recalled B. created C. imagined D. developed 34. A. instructor B. companion C. consultant D. traveller 35. A. wish B. change C. communication D. memory 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever seen paintings inside of ____36____ 8-centimeter glass ball? This is Nei Hua, also known as interior painting. ____37____ (begin) from over a century ago in Shandong province, the art requires artists to paint the inside of a bottle or glass ball featuring themes like flowers, birds and ____38____ (nature) landscapes. Due to the challenge of mastering this skill, interior painting ____39____ (acknowledge) as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2014. Compared with working on paper, interior painting is far more difficult. Before starting, a plan is carefully made with the curvature (曲度) of the inner wall of the bottle ____40____ (take) into consideration. Proper planning ensures that you can paint within the lines and create perfect outlines. Besides, intense practice and persistence are ____41____ vital importance in the painting process. Exposed to this art since childhood Li has been improving her skills for about two decades. After mastering the art, she wanted to go further. She has invented a new style ____42____ (bring) her paintings to life, ____43____ is very successful. Drawing the background on the outside of the bottle and characters on the inside ____44____ (make) the painting more three-dimensional. In _____45_____ (compare) to previous generations of artists focused on historical themes, Li embraces contemporary subjects from everyday life. Her artworks demonstrate modern characters and familiar scenes. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 书面表达(满分15分) 46. 假设你是学生科学院的李华，最近收到世界中学生科学大会的邀请函，请你在大会上汇报你参加的科普活动。请写一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1. 活动的名称、地点、时间; 2. 目的和内容; 3. 你的感受。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右; 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Ladies and Gentlemen, I’m Li Hua from China. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for listening. 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Sitting down at a restaurant in New York, my fiancé (未婚夫), Donato and I enjoyed a moment of calm. It had been a crazy long time getting everything ready for our wedding. Donato had Italian family, and our 100 guests would be flying from the US and around the globe to Italy, including London, Melbourne and Tokyo. There would be a huge ceremony in Roma three days away. Our flights were booked, our passports were up to date, and we had filed the paperwork registering our intention to get married. “We’d better get back to Chickie,” I said after we’d eaten. Chickie was our one-year-old pet dog who we loved like a baby. I liked sharing my daily life with the lovely dog on my social media. My daily posts received many likes, making Chickie a local online influencer. Arriving home, I got ready for taking a bath while Donato checked on Chickie, Suddenly, I heard screaming coming from the living room. “Chickie! No!” Donato was repeating. “What is going on?” I thought, racing from the bathroom. “She ate my passport!” he cried. He’d left it on the coffee table after getting all the travel documents together. As I opened the chewed booklet, I saw that his personal information page was shredded (撕成条). Chickie clearly felt guilty. Her tail was between her legs and she was sending us forlorn glances. We couldn’t board any plane without the passport. I googled the official website of the local state office, and found out a new passport couldn’t be printed in less than 5 days. “We’ve been planning this wedding for a year and a half,” I said to Donato. “Cancelling is not an option.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Thinking fast, I turned to local media for help. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The E-mail from the state office said the passport agency does same-day printing for emergencies ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$