精品解析：北京市中国人民大学附属中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题

人大附中2024-2025’学年度第一学期高一年级英语期中练习 2024年11月07日 说明：本试卷共5道大题57道小题;共10页，满分100分，考试时间90分钟;请在密封线内填写个人信息，并将条形码贴在答题卡的相应位置上。请在答题卡的指定区域答题，在其他区域答题无效。 一、完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 I’ve never been an athlete. Aside from excelling at all academic disciplines at school, my main goal was to ___1___ PE at all costs. In my twenties, I went for an occasional yoga or Zumba class, but that was really the summary of all my athletic accomplishments. That was until the end of 2016, when I was unexpectedly ___2___ . The odds of getting a new job soon were not in my favor and ___3___ thoughts of not being good enough started to kick in. I was feeling quite depressed but pushed myself to go and cheer for the TCS NYC Marathon runners as the course was going through our neighborhood. However, while being there, I got phenomenal ___4___ from all the runners, smiling, applauding and high-fiving constantly. Not a runner myself, I thought maybe I could give running a shot, just to try, to use my neglected gym membership and see where it ___5___ me. And so I tried. I went to my local gym the next morning and got on a treadmill. I was out of breath by minute five, but I slowed down, walked for a bit and then restarted. I came back the next day, hoping to ___6___ a few minutes longer. By the end of two weeks, I could run for 30 minutes, which was a huge success. While I saw my body starting to look more toned, I also noticed my negative thoughts didn’t occur that ___7___. And it sparked a thought — what if I could set a running goal and sign up for my first-ever race? I did and races sort of became a new hobby. In the meantime, I was able to ___8___ a few freelance projects. They offered me a good income, and, most importantly, the time to work out for the big race. Also, when I was going for interviews, I started to feel very confident in my abilities, experience and skills. I got my full-time job offer at my dream company just a couple of weeks before the half-marathon. Although I got an injury from over-training right before the race, I still went for it and still finished within my ___9___ time. I still have a long running journey ahead of me — I’d love to work on my speed, my technique and I dream of running a marathon outside of the US. Running gives me ______10______ that I can do anything I set my mind to. 1. A. attend B. avoid C. pursue D. postpone 2. A. stressed out B. worn out C. laid off D. attended to 3. A. dark B. deep C. critical D. random 4. A. sympathy B. pleasure C. luck D. energy 5. A. meets B. leaves C. takes D. drops 6. A. last B. walk C. rest D. function 7. A. readily B. frequently C. normally D. occasionally 8. A. create B. continue C. approve D. secure 9. A. appointed B. original C. expected D. spare 10. A. faith B. consideration C. evidence D. guidance 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者失业后开始尝试跑步，这给作者带来了积极的变化。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了在学校的所有学科都表现出色外，我的主要目标是不惜一切代价避免体育课。A. attend出席；B. avoid避免；C. pursue追求；D. postpone延迟。根据上文“I’ve never been an athlete.(我从来都不是运动员。)”可知，作者不喜欢运动，所以避免体育课。故选B。 【2题详解】 考查短语辨析。句意：直到2016年底，我意外地被解雇了。A. stressed out焦虑不安；B. worn out废旧的，精疲力竭；C. laid off解雇，裁员；D. attended to照顾。根据下文中的“The odds of getting a new job soon were not in my favor”可知，作者被解雇了。故选C。 【3题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快找到新工作的可能性对我不利，自己不够好的黑暗想法开始出现。A. dark黑暗的，忧郁的；B. deep深的；C. critical批评的；D. random随机的。根据空后的“thoughts of not being good enough”可知，觉得自己不够优秀，这是一种消极黑暗的想法。故选A。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在那里，我从所有的跑步者那里获得了惊人的能量，不断地微笑、鼓掌和击掌。A. sympathy同情；B. pleasure愉快；C. luck幸运；D. energy精力，能量。根据空后的“from all the runners, smiling, applauding and high-fiving constantly”可知，作者不断地微笑、鼓掌和击掌，由此可知，他在这里获得了充沛的能量。故选D。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我自己不是跑步者，我想也许我可以试试跑步，只是尝试一下，用用被我忽视的健身房会员，看看它会把我带到哪里。A. meets遇见；B. leaves离开；C. takes带去；D. drops落下，中途卸客。根据空前的“see where it”和空后的“me”可知，这里表示看看跑步会把自己带到哪里。故选C。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天我回来了，希望能多坚持几分钟。A. last持续；B. walk走路；C. rest休息；D. function起作用。根据空后的“a few minutes longer”可知，作者希望能够多跑几分钟。故选A。 【7题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我看到我的身体开始变得更强健时，我也注意到我的负面想法并不那么经常出现了。A. readily乐意地；B. frequently经常，频繁地；C. normally正常地；D. occasionally偶尔。根据上文中的“___3___thoughts of not being good enough started to kick in”和空前的“my negative thoughts didn’t occur that”可知，作者失业后开始出现消极想法，而锻炼让作者的消极想法不那么频繁了。故选B。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，我成功地获得了一些自由职业项目。A. create创造；B. continue继续；C. approve同意，批准；D. secure获得，实现。根据下文中的“They offered me a good income”可知，作者找到了一些自由职业工作。故选D。 【9题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我在比赛前因过度训练而受伤，但我仍然坚持了下来，并在预期时间内完成了比赛。A. appointed指定的，约定的；B. original原来的，起初的；C. expected预期的；D. spare闲置的，空闲的。根据空前的“still finished within my”和空后的“time”可知，作者在自己预期的时间内完成了比赛。故选C。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：跑步让我相信，我可以做任何我下定决心要做的事情。A. faith相信，信心；B. consideration考虑；C. evidence证据；D. guidance指导。根据空后的“that I can do anything I set my mind to”可知，作者相信自己可以做到任何决定做的事。故选A。 二、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Zhang Tian travelled to the village with an eager heart. However, not everything lived up to Zhang Tian’s hopes. The school was much smaller than he ____11____ (expect), with only three classrooms. In front of the classrooms, there was a playground ____12____ got dusty on windy days and muddy on rainy days. Living in the village was so challenging that the thought of leaving once flashed through his mind, but he quickly gave up on the idea and found ways ____13____ (deal) with the challenges. And everything turned out to be rewarding in the end. 【答案】11. had expected 12. which##that 13. to deal 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了张天怀着期待的心情来到村庄，尽管面临挑战，但最终收获颇丰。 【11题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：学校比他预期的要小得多，只有三个教室。根据语境可知，Zhang Tian到达村庄时，学校的大小已经是一个既定事实，也就是说expect发生在谓语动词was之前，因此用过去完成时表示“比他预期的要小得多”。故填had expected。 【12题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在教室前面，有一个操场，刮风天会变得尘土飞扬，下雨天会变得泥泞。空格处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词playground，指物，且在从句中作主语，因此用关系代词which/that引导从句。故填which/that。 【13题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在村子里生活是如此具有挑战性，以至于离开的想法一度闪过他的脑海，但他很快放弃了这个想法，并找到了应对挑战的方法。此处ways后接不定式作后置定语，表示“找到应对挑战的方法”。故填to deal。 B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 On the school basketball team Paul used to be nobody but a replacement____14____ skills were not recognized by the coach. Then during one match, when one player accidentally hurt his knee, Paul____15____ (put) onto the court. Paul knew it was his time____16____ (shine). He gave it his best shot and the other team couldn’t even keep up with him. Finally, Paul helped the team win the match____17____ two points. The crowd couldn’t stop clapping and cheering. 【答案】14. whose 15. was put 16. to shine 17. by 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述以前在篮球队里只是替补的保罗，因为有队员膝盖受伤而上场打比赛，最终帮助球队赢得了比赛并证明了自己的能力。 【14题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在学校的篮球队里，保罗以前只是个默默无闻的替补，他的技能没有被教练认可。分析句子成分可知，replacement为先行词，空格处应填定语从句的引导词，从句中缺少定语，表示“……的”，所以应填whose。故填whose。 【15题详解】 考查语态。句意：然后在一次比赛中，当有一个队员意外膝盖受伤的时候，保罗被安排上场。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填谓语动词，结合所给时间状语“when one player accidentally hurt his knee”可知，应用一般过去时，put与主语Paul之间的关系为被动，且主语为第三人称单数，所以应填was put。故填was put。 【16题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：保罗知道是时候发光了。it is one’s time to do sth.表示“是某人做什么事情的时候了”，所以空格处应填动词不定式。故填to shine。 【17题详解】 考查介词。句意：最终，保罗帮助球队以两分之差赢得了比赛。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填介词，by+数词表示“程度或者数量”，根据句意可知，此处应填介词by。故填by。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Long-distance running is a great sport for beginners. To start with, you should draw up a training plan. Set ____18____ (achieve) goals. Make sure you are running the right amount that your body can take without getting hurt. There will be times when you want to give up. But just hang in there and tell yourself that it will get easier. If you are feeling ____19____(stress), you should definitely go for a run. Nothing gives you more satisfaction than ____20____ (realize) that all the sweat and hard work are worthy in the end. 【答案】18. achievable 19. stressed 20. realizing 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了长跑的一些建议。 18题详解】 考查形容词。句意：设定可实现的目标。空处修饰后面的名词goals，应用形容词。这里表示可实现的目标，achievable意为“可实现的”。故填achievable。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：如果你感到有压力，你一定要去跑步。空处用形容词，作feeling的表语。主语是you，所以用stressed，意为“紧张的，焦虑的”。故填stressed。 【20题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：没有什么比意识到所有的汗水和努力最终都是值得的更能让你感到满足的了。本句是比较级结构，比较对象是主语Nothing和than后面的部分，所以应用动名词形式。故填realizing。 三、阅读理解(共19小题;每小题2分，共38分) 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) A Summer Camp Rules Whether it’s your child’s first year at camp, or they are a seasoned camper and need a little refresher, it’s a good idea to go over summer camp rules and guidelines before leaving for camp. Camp rules are in place to keep the camp community safe and camp operations running smoothly throughout their stay. 1. Keep Your Personal Space Clean Since your child will be in close quarters with many other campers, it’s important that they understand the necessity of keeping their sleeping and living areas organized. Go over ways for your child to stay organized and tidy before they leave for camp. When packing, make sure to provide a laundry bag to keep clean and dirty clothing separate. Utilize under bed space or put clothes on your shelves or cabinets rather than living out of your suitcase or camp trunk. It also helps to not over pack. Follow packing list guidelines closely so your child can find what they need without having to dig through piles of clothing that were not recommended. This also helps you child know what they have in their luggage so they pull out the sweatshirt when it gets cold. Instead of thinking there wasn’t one in their bag. Remind your child of their camp account so they can purchase items from the camp store if necessary. 2. Valuables at Camp As a best practice, we recommend leaving all valuables at home. Even if your child has a bracelet or necklace that they never take off, there is still the chance that it could be lost while swimming or participating in camp activities If you are thinking about bringing an expensive item of clothing, be prepared for it to gel lost or damaged. You may be better off buying a new, less expensive version. To be on the safe side, don’t let your child bring anything irreplaceable or emotionally valuable to camp. 3. Play Nice Name calling, fighting, bullying, and arguing are strictly prohibited at summer camp. Camp is a place to make friends, so aggressive behavior is not tolerated. Remind your child that they don’t have’ to be everybody’s best friend, but they do have to be friendly to everyone. Encourage your child to go into camp with the mindset of making a few new friends, and chances are they will leave camp having made more than a few. 4. Have Fun and Try New Things At the end of the day, summer camp is about getting out of your comfort zone, trying new things, and having a blast. Before your child leaves for camp, congratulate them for being brave enough to try sleep away in the first place. Let them know that they’ve already won just by trying, and the fun part is just about to begin. Remind them again that summer camp rules exist only to improve the overall camp experience and to create a community of fun. 21. What is the purpose of clarifying the rules of summer camp? A. Enrich children’s summer camp operation. B. Ensure the safety of children participating in summer camp. C. Cultivate children’s ability to survive in the wild. D. Help children develop good cleaning habits. 22. Which of the following behaviors is advocated by the summer camp? A. Take your favorite valuables. B. Fight with camping friends. C. Avoid participating in hazardous activities. D. Keep personal camping supplies in order. 23. What is the passage mainly about? A. Enjoy the unique fun brought by new things. B. Make good friends wherever you are. C. Follow the rules of summer camp. D. Get enough sleep before camping. 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了夏令营规则及其相关内容，旨在帮助孩子们更好地适应夏令营生活。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Camp rules are in place to keep the camp community safe and camp operations running smoothly throughout their stay.(夏令营规则是为了确保夏令营社区的安全和夏令营活动的顺利进行)”可知，明确夏令营规则的目的是确保参加夏令营的孩子们的安全。故选B项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据1. Keep Your Personal Space Clean部分中“Go over ways for your child to stay organized and tidy before they leave for camp. When packing, make sure to provide a laundry bag to keep clean and dirty clothing separate. Utilize under bed space or put clothes on your shelves or cabinets rather than living out of your suitcase or camp trunk.(在孩子离开去参加夏令营之前，和他们一起复习保持整洁有序的方法。打包时，一定要提供一个洗衣袋，将干净和脏的衣服分开。利用床下空间，或者把衣服放在架子或橱柜里，而不是一直从行李箱或露营箱里拿东西)”可知，夏令营倡导孩子们保持个人露营用品整洁有序。故选D项。 【23题详解】 主旨大意题。根据标题“Summer Camp Rules (夏令营规则)”和第一段中“it’s a good idea to go over summer camp rules and guidelines before leaving for camp.(在出发去夏令营之前，复习一下夏令营的规则和指南是个好主意)”可知，文章主要介绍的是参加夏令营要遵守的一些规则。故选C项。 B A voice reaches us, crying out from the depths of a profound silence: “I am alive, I can think, and no one has the right to deny me these two realities...” The words were conveyed by a flicker (跳动) of the left eyelid. It came from a book, The Diving Bell and the Butterfly, by a former journalist, Jean-Dominique Bauby. He worked for journals like the Quotidien de Paris and Paris Match. For four years until December 1995 he was the very successful chief editor of Elle. Then the unthinkable happened. A cardiovascular (心血管的) accident sent him into a deep coma (昏迷). His brain remained undamaged, but its connection to his body left him with only the ability to blink his left eyelid. The poor man was diagnosed as suffering from the rare disease “Locked-in Syndrome”, unable to breathe or eat without assistance. In this inert body, however, his brain was working furiously, trying to make people understand what he was thinking. With the help of a specialized nurse, Claude Mendibil, he was able to write his book, using only his ability to blink at the most frequently used letters of the alphabet. He would spend most of the night editing his thoughts and composing sentences. It took him about 200,000 blinks to write his book of more than 100 pages. In it, Bauby describes his paralyzed existence as being trapped in an old-fashioned deep-sea diving bell while the “butterflies” of his mind flutter about freely. One would expect from this process formal factual report, but that is not the case. The book reads in flowing images that light up his predicament. The style is clear and fresh, and not without elegance, imagination and shafts of humor. He is also in search of past time, of memory itself, of the books he had read, the poems he had learnt by heart. He thinks of all the books he wanted to read and hadn’t gotten to. He has to listen to someone else reading them to him. He recalls meals, a horse race, his life and work as an editor, and his struggle in his hospital bed to twitch (抽搐) his nose when a fly lands on it. “From this hell comes a great message of life and hope,” said Antoine Audouard, a friend of Bauby’s and the book’s publisher. 24. We can learn from the article that Jean Dominique Bauby __________. A. die of a rare cardiovascular condition B. used to be a successful journalist and editor C. suffered brain damage due to Locked-in Syndrome D. continued to run magazines from his hospital bed 25. Based on information from the article, which of the following statements about The Diving Bell and the Butterfly is true? A. It is written in a formal and serious style. B. It focuses on Bauby’s memories from his time as an editor. C. It describes Bauby’s paralyzed existence with elegant and creative language. D. It gives readers an easy-to-understand introduction to Locked-in Syndrome. 26. Based on this article, which of the following words can be used to describe Bauby? A. Odd-tempered. B. Open-minded. C. Warm-hearted. D. Strong-willed. 【答案】24. B 25. C 26. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位被诊断患有一种罕见的疾病“闭锁综合症”的作家与病魔斗争，最终把自己的故事用优美的语言写成一本书展示给世人，传递出他不屈不挠的精神。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“It came from a book, The Diving Bell and the Butterfly, by a former journalist, Jean-Dominique Bauby. He worked for journals like the Quotidien de Paris and Paris Match. For four years until December 1995 he was the very successful chief editor of Elle.(这句话出自前记者让·多米尼克·鲍比的《潜水钟与蝴蝶》一书。他曾为《巴黎商报》和《巴黎竞赛报》等杂志工作。在1995年12月之前的四年里，他一直是《Elle》杂志非常成功的主编)”可知，Jean Dominique Bauby曾经是一名成功的记者和编辑。故选B项。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第六段中“The book reads in flowing images that light up his predicament. The style is clear and fresh, and not without elegance, imagination and shafts of humor.(这本书以流畅的画面展现了他的困境。风格清晰清新，不乏优雅、想象力和幽默)”可知，《潜水钟与蝴蝶》这本书用优雅而富有创造性的语言描述了鲍比瘫痪的生活。故选C项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In this inert body, however, his brain was working furiously, trying to make people understand what he was thinking. With the help of a specialized nurse, Claude Mendibil, he was able to write his book, using only his ability to blink at the most frequently used letters of the alphabet.(然而，在这个无活动能力的身体里面，他的大脑正在疯狂地工作，试图让人们理解他在想什么。在专业护士克劳德·门迪比尔的帮助下，他仅凭对着字母表中最常用的字母眨眼的能力就能写书了)”、第五段中“He would spend most of the night editing his thoughts and composing sentences. It took him about 200, 000 blinks to write his book of more than 100 pages. (他晚上大部分时间都在整理自己的思想和造句。写这本100多页的书花了他大约20万次眨眼)”以及第六段中“The book reads in flowing images that light up his predicament. The style is clear and fresh, and not without elegance, imagination and shafts of humor.(这本书以流畅的画面展现了他的困境。风格清晰清新，不乏优雅、想象力和幽默)”可知，鲍比即使在瘫痪的情况下也没放弃写书，可见他意志力超强，故选D项。 C What a Messy Desk Says About You For some time, psychologists have been studying how personality traits affect health and health-related choices. Not surprisingly, they have found that people blessed with innate conscientiousness, meaning that they are organized and predictable, typically eat better and live longer than people who are disorderly. They also tend to have immaculate offices. What has been less clear is whether neat environments can produce good habits even in those who aren’t necessarily innately conscientious. To find out, researchers at the University of Minnesota conducted a series of experiments. In the first experiment, they randomly assigned a group of college-age students to spend time in two office spaces, one of which was very neat, the other wildly cluttered (乱堆) with papers and other work-related stuff. The students spent their time filling out questionnaires unrelated to the study. After 10 minutes, they were told they could leave with an apple or a chocolate bar. Those students who sat in the orderly office were twice as likely to choose the apple as those who sat among the mess. A second experiment, however, found that working in chaos has its advantages, too. In this one, college students were placed in a messy or a neat office and asked to dream up new uses for Ping-Pong balls. Those in messy spaces generated ideas that were significantly more creative, according to two independent judges, than those in offices where stacks of papers and other objects were neatly arranged. The results were something of a surprise, says Dr. Vohs, the leader of the study. Few previous studies found much virtue in disorder. The broken window theory, proposed decades ago, holds that even slight disorder and neglect can encourage indifference and poor discipline. But in the study by Dr. Vohs, disordered offices encouraged originality and a search for novelty. In the final portion of the study, adults were given the choice of adding a health “boost” to their lunchtime smoothie that was labeled either “new” or “classic.” The volunteers in the messy space were far more likely to choose the new one; those in the tidy office generally chose the classic version. “Disorderly environments seem to inspire breaking free of tradition,” Dr. Vohs and her co-authors conclude in the study, “which can produce fresh insights.” The implications of these findings are also practical. “My advice would be, if you need to think outside the box for a future project”, Dr. Vohs says, “then let the clutter rise and free your imagination. But if your primary goal is to eat well or to go to the gym, pick up around your office first. By doing this, the naturally messy can acquire some of the discipline of the conscientious.” 27. The underlined word “immaculate” in paragraph 1 probably means ______. A. messy B. tidy C. terrible D. comfortable 28. Which of the following can best explain the broken window theory? A. Chaos begets chaos. B. Misfortune may be an actual blessing. C. Bad news has wings. D. When a door shuts, a window opens. 29. Which of the following will Dr. Vohs probably agree with? A. More virtue exists in organized people. B. Creativity results from tidiness and discipline. C. Disorderly surroundings help to create new ideas. D. Workers’ good habits guarantee the success of a project. 30. What can we conclude from the study results? A. The naturally neat people tend to be very creative. B. A messy office will cause quite low working efficiency. C. Environments can affect people’s way of thinking and behavior. D. People’s personalities are determined by their working environments. 【答案】27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究人类行为与环境相关的实验，实验结果表明无序混乱的环境可能更容易激发人们打破传统，产生新的见解。同时研究人员建议如果你需要在未来的项目中跳出框框思考，那就让杂乱的东西堆积起来，释放你的想象力。但如果你的主要目标是吃得好或去健身房，那就先在办公室里收拾一下。 【27题详解】 词义猜测题。根据上文Not surprisingly, they have found that people blessed with innate conscientiousness, meaning that they are organized and predictable, typically eat better and live longer than people who are disorderly. They also tend to have…不出所料，他们发现，天生有自觉性的人，也就是有条理、可预测的人，通常比那些不守规矩的人吃得更好，活得更久。可推知天生有自觉性有条理的人，他们也更有倾向于拥有整洁的办公室。故划线单词意思为“整洁的”。故选B。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句The broken window theory, proposed decades ago, holds that even slight disorder and neglect can encourage indifference and poor discipline.（几十年前提出的“破窗理论”认为，即使是轻微的混乱和忽视也会助长冷漠和缺乏纪律。）可推知混乱产生混乱最能解释破窗理论。故选A。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Disorderly environments seem to inspire breaking free of tradition,” Dr. Vohs and her co-authors conclude in the study, “which can produce fresh insights.”（“无序的环境似乎激发了人们打破传统，”沃斯博士和她的合著者在研究中总结道，“这可以产生新的见解。”）可推知沃斯博士可能会同意杂乱的环境有助于创造新想法。故选C。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“My advice would be, if you need to think outside the box for a future project”, Dr. Vohs says, “then let the clutter rise and free your imagination. But if your primary goal is to eat well or to go to the gym, pick up around your office first. By doing this, the naturally messy can acquire some of the discipline of the conscientious.”（沃斯博士说:“我的建议是，如果你需要在未来的项目中跳出框框思考，那就让杂乱的东西堆积起来，释放你的想象力。”但如果你的主要目标是吃得好或去健身房，那就先在办公室里收拾一下。通过这样做，天生邋遢的人可以获得一些自觉的纪律。”）可推知我们能从研究结果中得出结论，环境可以影响人们的思维方式和行为方式。故选C。 D Psychological science is full of interesting topics, many of which tell a coherent picture of human nature, but some of which create seemingly contradictory stories. A case in point is the tricky and misunderstood intersection between strength-based science and the research on narcissism (自恋). There is now convincing evidence to show that narcissism is on the rise, especially in our youth. Some researchers have gone so far as to say that it is occurring in epidemic proportions, with about 25% of young people showing symptoms of narcissism. The inflated ego of Generation Me is reflected in reality TV, celebrity worship, out-of-control consumerism, materialism...perhaps even a new type of president. We are correct to be concerned about this phenomenon but our fear that all kids are potential narcissists has caused an unhelpful counter-reaction to approaches that seek to make our children and teens feel good about themselves. In my own research on strength-based parenting it is common for people to wrongly label this approach as a recipe for self-entitlement. Their argument seems to be that a child who knows their strengths will automatically view themselves as better than everyone else. It is argued that the self-assurance that comes with identifying and using their positive qualities will make a child arrogant, selfish and uncaring. Genuine confidence about one’s strengths is categorized as over-confidence; desirable self-knowledge is branded as excessive self-admiration. Why does this occur? It’s partly because more is known about narcissism than strengths. While strengths psychology has largely stayed within the limit of academic journals or has been applied only within certain contexts such as the workplace, research on narcissism has made its way into the mass media and into our collective conscious. The New York Times noted that narcissism is a favored “go-to” topic and that people everywhere are diagnosing others with it. The fear that a strength-based approach will cause narcissism also occurs because we unwittingly fall prey to binary (非此即彼的) thinking. We mistakenly believe that one cannot be both confident and humble. We focus on Donald Trump and Kim Kardashian rather than Mahatma Gandhi and Mother Teresa. There’s no way that Gandhi and Mother Teresa could have achieved what they did without confidence in their strengths, and yet they are both pillars of humility and selflessness. When we assume that strength-focus is the same as a self-focus, we fail to entertain the idea that people who know their strengths are, actually, more likely to be pro-social and focus on helping others. It’s tempting to conclude that every young person is at risk of becoming a narcissist but I’d like to stand up for the thousands of young kids I have worked with who are caring, thoughtful and humble — even when they use their strengths. 31. What can we learn from the passage? A. Both strengths psychology and narcissism are difficult to understand. B. Approximately a quarter of kids are potential narcissists. C. Knowing the kids’ strengths has an opposite effect on making them feel good. D. An increasing number of youth are showing an inflated sense of self. 32. Why are teenagers’ strengths often mistaken for narcissism? A. Strengths psychology is less accessible to the general public. B. Academic journals and mass media report more on narcissism. C There is a lack of strengths in our collective consciousness. D. A number of people are diagnosed with narcissism by doctors. 33. What’s the author’s attitude towards strength-based parenting? A. Skeptical. B. Neutral. C. Favorable. D. Cautious. 34. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A. A Recipe for Self-entitlement B. Teens’ Narcissism Diagnosis C. Binary Thinking of Psychological Science D. Teens’ Confidence Misunderstood 【答案】31. D 32. A 33. C 34. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇议论文。文章主要论述了一直以来，人们对个人长处和自恋两者之间认识不足导致了对青少年的自信产生误解这一观点。作者认为，以突出孩子们长处为基础的育儿方式是有益的。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“There is now convincing evidence to show that narcissism is on the rise, especially in our youth. (现在有令人信服的证据表明，自恋正在上升，特别是在我们的年轻人当中)”及“The inflated ego of Generation Me is reflected in reality TV, celebrity worship, out-of-control consumerism, materialism...perhaps even a new type of president. (“我这一代”膨胀的自我表现在真人秀、名人崇拜、失控的消费主义、物质主义，甚至可能是一个新型的总统等方面)”可知，越来越多的年轻人表现出自我膨胀的感觉。故选D项。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容及第五段关键句“It’s partly because more is known about narcissism than strengths.While strengths psychology has largely stayed within the limit of academic journals or has been applied only within certain contexts such as the workplace, research on narcissism has made its way into the mass media and into our collective conscious.(这在一定程度上是因为人们对自恋的了解超过了对优势的了解。虽然优势心理学在很大程度上还停留在学术期刊的范围内，或者只应用于特定的环境，如工作场所，但对自恋的研究已经进入了大众媒体和我们的集体意识)”可知，青少年的优点经常被认为是自恋是由于大众对于优势心理学有较少接触。故选A项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段关键句“In my own research on strength-based parenting it is common for people to wrongly label this approach as a recipe for self-entitlement. (在我自己关于以力量为基础的育儿方式的研究中，人们通常错误地将这种方式称为自我授权的秘诀)”及最后一段关键句“but I’d like to stand up for the thousands of young kids I have worked with who are caring, thoughtful and humble — even when they use their strengths. (但我想为成千上万和我一起工作过的孩子们说话，他们有爱心、有思想、谦逊——即使当他们发挥自己的长处时)”可推知，作者对以长处为基础的育儿方式持赞成态度。故选C项。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段关键句“A case in point is the tricky and misunderstood intersection between strength-based science and the research on narcissism. (一个恰当的例子是基于优势的科学和对自恋的研究之间棘手而又被误解的交叉)”及最后一段“It’s tempting to conclude that every young person is at risk of becoming a narcissist but I’d like to stand up for the thousands of young kids I have worked with who are caring, thoughtful and humble — even when they use their strengths.(我们很容易得出这样的结论：每个年轻人都有成为自恋者的风险，但我想为我工作过的成千上万的孩子们说话，他们是有爱心的、有思想的、谦逊的——即使当他们发挥自己的长处时)”可知，本文主要论述了一直以来，人们对个人长处和自恋两者之间认识不足导致了对青少年的自信产生误解这一观点。D选项“Teens’ Confidence Misunderstood(青少年的自信被误解)”适合作为本文最佳标题。故选D项。 第二节 根据短文内容，从七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) This Way to Dreamland Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy. ___35___They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things. But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. ___36___Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions? So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool? First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams. ___37___And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings. It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep. ___38___Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away. ___39___Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds. A. Having interesting things to think about also helps. B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves. C. Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relativity , Coke or Post-it notes. D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses. E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive. F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand. G. Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone. 【答案】35. B 36. C 37. A 38. E 39. G 【解析】 【导语】本文属于说明文.本文介绍了白日做梦的概念，解释了为什么白日做梦者常常被认为粗神经，但也是某些创意和成就的背后推手。文章提出了一些有助于白日做梦的方法，以及如何避免在需要专注的时候白日做梦。最后强调，创意有时出其不意而又不可预测。 【35题详解】 根据前文“ Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy. (白日梦者的坏名声是他们对周围发生的事情一无所知。他们看起来健忘、笨拙。)”可知，此处强调白日梦者因为对周围发生的一切一无所知，所以看起来健忘、笨拙。B选项“They stare off into space and wander by themselves.(他们凝视着填空，独自踱步。)”与前文承接，指出白日梦者同样因为眼神放空，来回独自踱步而导致他们坏名声。同时该选项与后文“They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things. (他们惹恼了我们，因为他们似乎忽略了我们，错过了重要的事情。)”构成并列，都在讲述白日梦者的坏名声来源，B选项符合语境，故选B。 【36题详解】 根据前文“But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. (但是，人类历史上一些最伟大的想法和成就也是由白日梦者产生的。)”可知，此处与前文构成转折关系，强调白日梦者们取得的巨大成绩即人类历史上一些最伟大的想法和成就也是由白日梦者产生的。后文应对此进行具体说明。C选项“Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relativity , Coke or Post-it notes.(没有白日梦者们，我们就不会有相对论、可乐和便利贴。)”承接前文，指出人类历史中，白日梦者们做出的成绩，符合文意。故选C。 【37题详解】 根据上句“Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams. (感觉安全和放松会帮助你进入白日梦。)”可知，此处强调感觉安全和放松会帮助你进入白日梦。A选项“Having interesting things to think about also helps.( 思考有趣的事情也有帮助。)”符合语境，思考兴趣的事情也可以帮助你进入梦乡。此处的also与前文构成并列关系，符合语境。故选A项。 【38题详解】 根据前文“It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.(同样重要的是，知道如何在你真正需要集中注意力的时候避免做白日梦。“正念”，集中注意力，是一些人用来避免入睡的工具。)”可知，此处强调的是如何在你真正需要集中注意力的时候避免做白日梦，如何避免不合时宜的白日做梦，集中注意力是一种方式。E选项“It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.(它包括缓慢、稳定的自我控制呼吸，帮助人们保持冷静和专注。)”选项中的it指代前文提到的集中注意力的方式，包括缓慢、稳定的自我控制呼吸，帮助人们保持冷静和专注，符合语境。故选E。 【39题详解】 根据前文“Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away(最后，你永远不知道当你的大脑慢慢移动时，会有什么绝妙的想法出现)”可知，此处强调你确定不了自己大脑在运转时会有怎样的想法出现，后文应该强调对此问题如何解决。G选项“Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone.( 因此，当你处于白日梦状态时，在身边放一个笔记本或录音机是个好主意。)”承接前文，指出应该带一个本子随时记，随时记录自己的想法。该选项符合语境。故选G。 四、词汇(每小题1分，共17分) 第一节：根据中文提示或首字母，用该单词的正确形式完成句子(作答时务必写完整单词)。(每题1分，共10分) 40. The new model of the smartphone __________ (不同于) significantly from its old version in terms of both design and functionality.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】differs 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：新款智能手机在设计和功能上与旧版本有显著不同。句子陈述事实，用一般现在时；根据汉语提示“不同于”以及句子结构可知，应用动词differ，主语是The new model of the smartphone，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填differs。 41. To __________ (缓解) stress, she often turns to creative activities that inspire her and provide a balanced approach to relaxation. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】relieve 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：为了缓解压力，她经常求助于能激发她灵感并提供平衡放松方式的创造性活动。“缓解”用动词relieve表示，放在动词不定式符号to后用动词原形，符合句意。故填relieve。 42. A b__________ diet is a necessity for maintaining good health, as it provides the body with all the necessary nutrients. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】balanced##alanced 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：均衡的饮食是保持健康的必要条件，因为它为身体提供所有必需的营养物质。根据首字母提示和句意可知，需用形容词balanced“均衡的，平衡的”，作定语修饰名词diet，a balanced diet，意为“均衡饮食”。故填balanced。 43. An important f__________ of Van Gogh’s painting is their bright colors. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】feature##eature 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：梵高绘画的一个重要特点是色彩鲜艳。根据首字母提示和句中的of Van Gogh’s painting is their bright colors可知，这里指梵高绘画的一个重要特点，feature意为“特点，特征”，为可数名词，前面有An，所以这里应用名词单数作主语。故填feature。 44. The __________ (频率) of earthquakes in this region has increased in recent years. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】frequency 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：近年来，这个地区地震的频率有所增加。设空处使用名词作主语，表示“频率”用frequency，结合后文的has，可知填入单数形式。故填frequency。 45. In order to s__________ their relationship, they decided to communicate more openly and address any issues that arose, rather than letting them fester. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】strengthen##trengthen 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：为了加强他们的关系，他们决定更加开放地交流并解决出现的任何问题，而不是让问题恶化。根据首字母以及句意可知，应填动词strengthen“加强”，放在动词不定式符号to后用动词原形。故填strengthen。 46. He went from being an unknown artist to a famous one almost __________ (一夜间). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】overnight 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：他几乎在一夜之间从一个不知名的艺术家变成了一个著名的艺术家。空处用副词，修饰整个句子，结合汉语提示，这里应用overnight。故填overnight。 47. Excessive use of smartphones can lead to an __________ (上瘾) that negatively affects our daily lives. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】addiction 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：过度使用智能手机会导致成瘾，对我们的日常生活产生负面影响。根据汉语提示和空前的an，这里应用单数名词addiction，作宾语。故填addiction。 48 The beautiful scenery of nature is often a great source of i__________ for artists. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】inspiration##nspiration 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：大自然的美丽风景常常是艺术家的灵感来源。根据单词首字母以及句意可知，此处应填名词inspiration“灵感”，作介词of的宾语。故填inspiration。 49. As children grow older, they should learn to think i__________ and make decisions on their own. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】independently##ndependently 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：随着孩子们年龄的增长，他们应该学会独立思考，自己做决定。根据空前的think和首字母提示可知，这里表示独立思考，应用副词independently修饰动词think，意为“独立地”，故填independently。 第二节：根据中文提示和句意用词组完成句子(注：每空一词)。(每小题1分，共7分) 50. She exercises regularly and is always __________ __________ __________ (健康状态良好). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. in ②. good ③. shape##condition 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：她定期锻炼并且总是健康状态良好。根据汉语提示可知短语为in good shape/condition，表示“健康状态良好”，作表语。故填in good shape/condition。 51. The government is trying to __________ __________ (处理) the issue of air pollution. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. deal##cope ②. with 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：政府正尽力处理空气污染问题。根据汉语提示“处理”可知，应用动词短语deal/cope with，结合try to do sth.“尽力做某事”，可知在动词不定式符号to后使用动词原形。故填deal/cope with。 52. He wants to __________ __________ __________ (参加……选拔) the orchestra as a violinist. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. try ②. out ③. for 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：他想参加管弦乐队小提琴手的选拔。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词短语try out for...，固定搭配want to do sth.“想要做某事”，不定式作宾语，空前有不定式符号to，其后跟动词原形。故填①try；②out；③for。 53. His years of hard work finally __________ __________ (得到回报) when he got promoted. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. paid ②. off 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：他多年的辛勤工作终于得到了回报，他得到了提升。空格处是主句的谓语动词，结合句意和“when he got promoted”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，“得到回报”对应的动词短语是pay off，pay的过去式为paid。故填paid off。 54. She took extra batteries __________ __________ (以防) her camera ran out of power during the trip. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. in ②. case 【解析】 【详解】考查连词短语。句意：她带了额外的电池，以防相机在旅途中没电了。根据汉语提示和空格后的句子可知，空格处应该用连词短语in case“以防”引导目的状语从句。故填in case。 55. Don’t __________ __________ __________ __________ (感到厌倦) small setbacks. Learn to persevere! (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. be##get ②. fed ③. up ④. with 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：不要因为小挫折而感到厌倦。学会坚持！根据汉语提示，可知使用动词短语be/get fed up with“感到厌倦”满足句意。结合句子结构，使用祈使句形式，在助动词否定式Don’t后用动词原形。故填be/get fed up with。 56. The new software __________ __________ __________ (有能力做) running on multiple operating systems. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ① is ②. capable ③. of 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：新软件有能力在多个操作系统上运行。句子陈述事实，用一般现在时；根据汉语提示，“有能力做”可以翻译为be capable of，后接动名词形式作宾语；主语是The new software，系动词用is。故填①is ②capable ③of。 五、书面表达(15分) 57. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国好友 Jim在朋友圈看到你校上周举办的“校园生活最美瞬间”主题摄影展，发来邮件表示对该活动很感兴趣。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1. 介绍活动相关信息； 2. 介绍令你印象最深刻的照片。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m glad to hear that you’ re interested in the photography exhibition held in our school last week. The exhibition was organized by the school’s photography club. Students from all grades participated. They submitted their photos showing different beautiful scenes on campus. It was held in the school hall and lasted for three days. There was one photo that really impressed me. In the photo, students were helping the cleaners on campus to pick up trash. Everyone had big smiles on their faces despite the hard work. It showed the kindness and responsibility of us students, which is what makes our campus life more meaningful. I hope you get a better understanding of this activity. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国好友Jim回复邮件，介绍学校上周举办的“校园生活最美瞬间”主题摄影展活动，同时描述一张令自己印象最深刻的照片。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：glad → pleased/delighted 提交：submit → hand in 垃圾：trash → rubbish/garbage 尽管：despite → in spite of 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The exhibition was organized by the school’s photography club. 拓展句：The exhibition was organized by the school’s photography club, which aimed to showcase the beautiful moments of campus life through the lens of students. 【点睛】[高分句型1] There was one photo that really impressed me. (运用了关系代词that引导限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] It showed the kindness and responsibility of us students, which is what makes our campus life more meaningful. (运用了关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 人大附中2024-2025’学年度第一学期高一年级英语期中练习 2024年11月07日 说明：本试卷共5道大题57道小题;共10页，满分100分，考试时间90分钟;请在密封线内填写个人信息，并将条形码贴在答题卡的相应位置上。请在答题卡的指定区域答题，在其他区域答题无效。 一、完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 I’ve never been an athlete. Aside from excelling at all academic disciplines at school, my main goal was to ___1___ PE at all costs. In my twenties, I went for an occasional yoga or Zumba class, but that was really the summary of all my athletic accomplishments. That was until the end of 2016, when I was unexpectedly ___2___ . The odds of getting a new job soon were not in my favor and ___3___ thoughts of not being good enough started to kick in. I was feeling quite depressed but pushed myself to go and cheer for the TCS NYC Marathon runners as the course was going through our neighborhood. However, while being there, I got phenomenal ___4___ from all the runners, smiling, applauding and high-fiving constantly. Not a runner myself, I thought maybe I could give running a shot, just to try, to use my neglected gym membership and see where it ___5___ me. And so I tried. I went to my local gym the next morning and got on a treadmill. I was out of breath by minute five, but I slowed down, walked for a bit and then restarted. I came back the next day, hoping to ___6___ a few minutes longer. By the end of two weeks, I could run for 30 minutes, which was a huge success. While I saw my body starting to look more toned, I also noticed my negative thoughts didn’t occur that ___7___. And it sparked a thought — what if I could set a running goal and sign up for my first-ever race? I did and races sort of became a new hobby. In the meantime, I was able to ___8___ a few freelance projects. They offered me a good income, and, most importantly, the time to work out for the big race. Also, when I was going for interviews, I started to feel very confident in my abilities, experience and skills. I got my full-time job offer at my dream company just a couple of weeks before the half-marathon. Although I got an injury from over-training right before the race, I still went for it and still finished within my ___9___ time. I still have a long running journey ahead of me — I’d love to work on my speed, my technique and I dream of running a marathon outside of the US. Running gives me ______10______ that I can do anything I set my mind to. 1. A. attend B. avoid C. pursue D. postpone 2. A. stressed out B. worn out C. laid off D. attended to 3. A. dark B. deep C. critical D. random 4. A. sympathy B. pleasure C. luck D. energy 5. A. meets B. leaves C. takes D. drops 6. A. last B. walk C. rest D. function 7. A. readily B. frequently C. normally D. occasionally 8. A. create B. continue C. approve D. secure 9. A. appointed B. original C. expected D. spare 10. A. faith B. consideration C. evidence D. guidance 二、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Zhang Tian travelled to the village with an eager heart. However, not everything lived up to Zhang Tian’s hopes. The school was much smaller than he ____11____ (expect), with only three classrooms. In front of the classrooms, there was a playground ____12____ got dusty on windy days and muddy on rainy days. Living in the village was so challenging that the thought of leaving once flashed through his mind, but he quickly gave up on the idea and found ways ____13____ (deal) with the challenges. And everything turned out to be rewarding in the end. B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 On the school basketball team Paul used to be nobody but a replacement____14____ skills were not recognized by the coach. Then during one match, when one player accidentally hurt his knee, Paul____15____ (put) onto the court. Paul knew it was his time____16____ (shine). He gave it his best shot and the other team couldn’t even keep up with him. Finally, Paul helped the team win the match____17____ two points. The crowd couldn’t stop clapping and cheering. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Long-distance running is a great sport for beginners. To start with, you should draw up a training plan. Set ____18____ (achieve) goals. Make sure you are running the right amount that your body can take without getting hurt. There will be times when you want to give up. But just hang in there and tell yourself that it will get easier. If you are feeling ____19____(stress), you should definitely go for a run. Nothing gives you more satisfaction than ____20____ (realize) that all the sweat and hard work are worthy in the end. 三、阅读理解(共19小题;每小题2分，共38分) 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) A Summer Camp Rules Whether it’s your child’s first year at camp or they are a seasoned camper and need a little refresher, it’s a good idea to go over summer camp rules and guidelines before leaving for camp. Camp rules are in place to keep the camp community safe and camp operations running smoothly throughout their stay. 1. Keep Your Personal Space Clean Since your child will be in close quarters with many other campers, it’s important that they understand the necessity of keeping their sleeping and living areas organized. Go over ways for your child to stay organized and tidy before they leave for camp. When packing, make sure to provide a laundry bag to keep clean and dirty clothing separate. Utilize under bed space or put clothes on your shelves or cabinets rather than living out of your suitcase or camp trunk. It also helps to not over pack. Follow packing list guidelines closely so your child can find what they need without having to dig through piles of clothing that were not recommended. This also helps you child know what they have in their luggage so they pull out the sweatshirt when it gets cold. Instead of thinking there wasn’t one in their bag. Remind your child of their camp account so they can purchase items from the camp store if necessary. 2. Valuables at Camp As a best practice, we recommend leaving all valuables at home. Even if your child has a bracelet or necklace that they never take off, there is still the chance that it could be lost while swimming or participating in camp activities If you are thinking about bringing an expensive item of clothing, be prepared for it to gel lost or damaged. You may be better off buying a new, less expensive version. To be on the safe side, don’t let your child bring anything irreplaceable or emotionally valuable to camp. 3. Play Nice Name calling, fighting, bullying, and arguing are strictly prohibited at summer camp. Camp is a place to make friends, so aggressive behavior is not tolerated. Remind your child that they don’t have’ to be everybody’s best friend, but they do have to be friendly to everyone. Encourage your child to go into camp with the mindset of making a few new friends, and chances are they will leave camp having made more than a few. 4. Have Fun and Try New Things At the end of the day, summer camp is about getting out of your comfort zone, trying new things, and having a blast. Before your child leaves for camp, congratulate them for being brave enough to try sleep away in the first place. Let them know that they’ve already won just by trying, and the fun part is just about to begin. Remind them again that summer camp rules exist only to improve the overall camp experience and to create a community of fun. 21. What is the purpose of clarifying the rules of summer camp? A. Enrich children’s summer camp operation. B. Ensure the safety of children participating in summer camp. C. Cultivate children’s ability to survive in the wild. D. Help children develop good cleaning habits. 22. Which of the following behaviors is advocated by the summer camp? A. Take your favorite valuables. B. Fight with camping friends. C. Avoid participating in hazardous activities. D. Keep personal camping supplies in order. 23. What is the passage mainly about? A. Enjoy the unique fun brought by new things. B. Make good friends wherever you are. C. Follow the rules of summer camp. D. Get enough sleep before camping. B A voice reaches us, crying out from the depths of a profound silence: “I am alive, I can think, and no one has the right to deny me these two realities...” The words were conveyed by a flicker (跳动) of the left eyelid. It came from a book, The Diving Bell and the Butterfly, by a former journalist, Jean-Dominique Bauby. He worked for journals like the Quotidien de Paris and Paris Match. For four years until December 1995 he was the very successful chief editor of Elle. Then the unthinkable happened. A cardiovascular (心血管的) accident sent him into a deep coma (昏迷). His brain remained undamaged, but its connection to his body left him with only the ability to blink his left eyelid. The poor man was diagnosed as suffering from the rare disease “Locked-in Syndrome”, unable to breathe or eat without assistance. In this inert body, however, his brain was working furiously, trying to make people understand what he was thinking. With the help of a specialized nurse, Claude Mendibil, he was able to write his book, using only his ability to blink at the most frequently used letters of the alphabet. He would spend most of the night editing his thoughts and composing sentences. It took him about 200,000 blinks to write his book of more than 100 pages. In it, Bauby describes his paralyzed existence as being trapped in an old-fashioned deep-sea diving bell while the “butterflies” of his mind flutter about freely. One would expect from this process formal factual report, but that is not the case. The book reads in flowing images that light up his predicament. The style is clear and fresh, and not without elegance, imagination and shafts of humor. He is also in search of past time, of memory itself, of the books he had read, the poems he had learnt by heart. He thinks of all the books he wanted to read and hadn’t gotten to. He has to listen to someone else reading them to him. He recalls meals, a horse race, his life and work as an editor, and his struggle in his hospital bed to twitch (抽搐) his nose when a fly lands on it. “From this hell comes a great message of life and hope,” said Antoine Audouard, a friend of Bauby’s and the book’s publisher. 24. We can learn from the article that Jean Dominique Bauby __________. A. die of a rare cardiovascular condition B. used to be a successful journalist and editor C. suffered brain damage due to Locked-in Syndrome D. continued to run magazines from his hospital bed 25. Based on information from the article, which of the following statements about The Diving Bell and the Butterfly is true? A. It is written in a formal and serious style. B It focuses on Bauby’s memories from his time as an editor. C. It describes Bauby’s paralyzed existence with elegant and creative language. D. It gives readers an easy-to-understand introduction to Locked-in Syndrome. 26. Based on this article, which of the following words can be used to describe Bauby? A. Odd-tempered. B. Open-minded. C. Warm-hearted. D. Strong-willed. C What a Messy Desk Says About You For some time, psychologists have been studying how personality traits affect health and health-related choices. Not surprisingly, they have found that people blessed with innate conscientiousness, meaning that they are organized and predictable, typically eat better and live longer than people who are disorderly. They also tend to have immaculate offices. What has been less clear is whether neat environments can produce good habits even in those who aren’t necessarily innately conscientious. To find out researchers at the University of Minnesota conducted a series of experiments. In the first experiment, they randomly assigned a group of college-age students to spend time in two office spaces, one of which was very neat, the other wildly cluttered (乱堆) with papers and other work-related stuff. The students spent their time filling out questionnaires unrelated to the study. After 10 minutes, they were told they could leave with an apple or a chocolate bar. Those students who sat in the orderly office were twice as likely to choose the apple as those who sat among the mess. A second experiment, however, found that working in chaos has its advantages, too. In this one, college students were placed in a messy or a neat office and asked to dream up new uses for Ping-Pong balls. Those in messy spaces generated ideas that were significantly more creative, according to two independent judges, than those in offices where stacks of papers and other objects were neatly arranged. The results were something of a surprise, says Dr. Vohs, the leader of the study. Few previous studies found much virtue in disorder. The broken window theory, proposed decades ago, holds that even slight disorder and neglect can encourage indifference and poor discipline. But in the study by Dr. Vohs, disordered offices encouraged originality and a search for novelty. In the final portion of the study, adults were given the choice of adding a health “boost” to their lunchtime smoothie that was labeled either “new” or “classic.” The volunteers in the messy space were far more likely to choose the new one; those in the tidy office generally chose the classic version. “Disorderly environments seem to inspire breaking free of tradition,” Dr. Vohs and her co-authors conclude in the study, “which can produce fresh insights.” The implications of these findings are also practical. “My advice would be, if you need to think outside the box for a future project”, Dr. Vohs says, “then let the clutter rise and free your imagination. But if your primary goal is to eat well or to go to the gym, pick up around your office first. By doing this, the naturally messy can acquire some of the discipline of the conscientious.” 27. The underlined word “immaculate” in paragraph 1 probably means ______. A. messy B. tidy C. terrible D. comfortable 28. Which of the following can best explain the broken window theory? A. Chaos begets chaos. B. Misfortune may be an actual blessing. C. Bad news has wings. D. When a door shuts, a window opens. 29. Which of the following will Dr. Vohs probably agree with? A. More virtue exists in organized people. B. Creativity results from tidiness and discipline. C. Disorderly surroundings help to create new ideas. D. Workers’ good habits guarantee the success of a project. 30. What can we conclude from the study results? A. The naturally neat people tend to be very creative. B A messy office will cause quite low working efficiency. C. Environments can affect people’s way of thinking and behavior. D. People’s personalities are determined by their working environments. D Psychological science is full of interesting topics, many of which tell a coherent picture of human nature, but some of which create seemingly contradictory stories. A case in point is the tricky and misunderstood intersection between strength-based science and the research on narcissism (自恋). There is now convincing evidence to show that narcissism is on the rise, especially in our youth. Some researchers have gone so far as to say that it is occurring in epidemic proportions, with about 25% of young people showing symptoms of narcissism. The inflated ego of Generation Me is reflected in reality TV, celebrity worship, out-of-control consumerism, materialism...perhaps even a new type of president. We are correct to be concerned about this phenomenon but our fear that all kids are potential narcissists has caused an unhelpful counter-reaction to approaches that seek to make our children and teens feel good about themselves. In my own research on strength-based parenting it is common for people to wrongly label this approach as a recipe for self-entitlement. Their argument seems to be that a child who knows their strengths will automatically view themselves as better than everyone else. It is argued that the self-assurance that comes with identifying and using their positive qualities will make a child arrogant, selfish and uncaring. Genuine confidence about one’s strengths is categorized as over-confidence; desirable self-knowledge is branded as excessive self-admiration. Why does this occur? It’s partly because more is known about narcissism than strengths. While strengths psychology has largely stayed within the limit of academic journals or has been applied only within certain contexts such as the workplace, research on narcissism has made its way into the mass media and into our collective conscious. The New York Times noted that narcissism is a favored “go-to” topic and that people everywhere are diagnosing others with it. The fear that a strength-based approach will cause narcissism also occurs because we unwittingly fall prey to binary (非此即彼的) thinking. We mistakenly believe that one cannot be both confident and humble. We focus on Donald Trump and Kim Kardashian rather than Mahatma Gandhi and Mother Teresa. There’s no way that Gandhi and Mother Teresa could have achieved what they did without confidence in their strengths, and yet they are both pillars of humility and selflessness. When we assume that strength-focus is the same as a self-focus, we fail to entertain the idea that people who know their strengths are, actually, more likely to be pro-social and focus on helping others. It’s tempting to conclude that every young person is at risk of becoming a narcissist but I’d like to stand up for the thousands of young kids I have worked with who are caring, thoughtful and humble — even when they use their strengths. 31. What can we learn from the passage? A. Both strengths psychology and narcissism are difficult to understand. B. Approximately a quarter of kids are potential narcissists. C. Knowing the kids’ strengths has an opposite effect on making them feel good. D. An increasing number of youth are showing an inflated sense of self. 32. Why are teenagers’ strengths often mistaken for narcissism? A. Strengths psychology is less accessible to the general public. B. Academic journals and mass media report more on narcissism. C. There is a lack of strengths in our collective consciousness. D. A number of people are diagnosed with narcissism by doctors. 33. What’s the author’s attitude towards strength-based parenting? A. Skeptical. B. Neutral. C. Favorable. D. Cautious. 34. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A. A Recipe for Self-entitlement B. Teens’ Narcissism Diagnosis C. Binary Thinking of Psychological Science D. Teens’ Confidence Misunderstood 第二节 根据短文内容，从七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) This Way to Dreamland Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy. ___35___They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things. But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. ___36___Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions? So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool? First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams. ___37___And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings. It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep. ___38___Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away. ___39___Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds. A. Having interesting things to think about also helps. B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves. C. Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relativity , Coke or Post-it notes. D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses. E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive. F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand. G. Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone. 四、词汇(每小题1分，共17分) 第一节：根据中文提示或首字母，用该单词的正确形式完成句子(作答时务必写完整单词)。(每题1分，共10分) 40. The new model of the smartphone __________ (不同于) significantly from its old version in terms of both design and functionality.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 41. To __________ (缓解) stress, she often turns to creative activities that inspire her and provide a balanced approach to relaxation. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 42. A b__________ diet is a necessity for maintaining good health, as it provides the body with all the necessary nutrients. (根据首字母单词拼写) 43. An important f__________ of Van Gogh’s painting is their bright colors. (根据首字母单词拼写) 44. The __________ (频率) of earthquakes in this region has increased in recent years. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 45. In order to s__________ their relationship, they decided to communicate more openly and address any issues that arose, rather than letting them fester. (根据首字母单词拼写) 46. He went from being an unknown artist to a famous one almost __________ (一夜间). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. Excessive use of smartphones can lead to an __________ (上瘾) that negatively affects our daily lives. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48. The beautiful scenery of nature is often a great source of i__________ for artists. (根据首字母单词拼写) 49. As children grow older, they should learn to think i__________ and make decisions on their own. (根据首字母单词拼写) 第二节：根据中文提示和句意用词组完成句子(注：每空一词)。(每小题1分，共7分) 50. She exercises regularly and is always __________ __________ __________ (健康状态良好). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 51. The government is trying to __________ __________ (处理) the issue of air pollution. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 52. He wants to __________ __________ __________ (参加……选拔) the orchestra as a violinist. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 53. His years of hard work finally __________ __________ (得到回报) when he got promoted. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 54. She took extra batteries __________ __________ (以防) her camera ran out of power during the trip. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 55. Don’t __________ __________ __________ __________ (感到厌倦) small setbacks. Learn to persevere! (根据汉语提示完成句子) 56. The new software __________ __________ __________ (有能力做) running on multiple operating systems. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 五、书面表达(15分) 57. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国好友 Jim在朋友圈看到你校上周举办的“校园生活最美瞬间”主题摄影展，发来邮件表示对该活动很感兴趣。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1. 介绍活动相关信息； 2. 介绍令你印象最深刻的照片。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$