精品解析：北京日坛中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷

北京市日坛中学2024~2025学年第一学期期中考试 高 一 年级 英语 试卷 2024.11 （本试卷共8页，考试时间100 min，满分100分） 第一部分 知识运用（共三节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My son Joey was born with club feet (先天性的畸形脚). The doctors assured us that with treatment he would be able to walk ___1___, but would never run very well. The first three years of his life were spent in surgery (手术). By the time he was eight, you wouldn’t know he had a problem when you saw him walk. The children in our neighborhood ran around as most children did during play, and Joey would jump right in, run and play, too. We ___2___ told him that he probably wouldn’t be able to run as well as the other children. So he didn’t know. In the seventh grade he decided to go out for the running team. Every day he ___3___ with the team. He worked harder and ran more than any of the others — perhaps he sensed that the ___4___ that seemed to come naturally to so many others did not come naturally to him. Although the entire team runs, only the top seven runners have the potential to ___5___ points for the school. We didn’t tell him he probably would never make the team, so he didn’t know. He ___6___ to run four to five miles a day , every day — even the day he had a 103-degree fever. I was worried, so I went to look for him after school. I found him running all alone. I asked him how he felt. “Okay,” he said. He had two more miles to go. The sweat ran down his face and his eyes were glassy from his fever. ___7___ he looked straight ahead and kept running. Two weeks later, the names of the team runners were ___8___. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had made the team. He was in the seventh grade — the other six team members were all eighth graders. We never told him he shouldn’t ___9___ to make the team. We never told him he couldn’t do it so he didn’t know. He just ____10____ it. 1. A. quickly B. slowly C. normally D. comfortably 2. A. seldom B. never C. always D. once 3. A. gathered B. camped C. trained D. competed 4. A. ability B. strength C. power D. method 5. A. increase B. score C. hold D. take 6. A. continued B. stopped C. liked D. hoped 7 A. Otherwise B. So C. Yet D. Thus 8. A. included B. announced C. shown D. found 9 A. manage B. determine C. expect D. attempt 10. A. got B. did C. took D. thought 第二节 选词填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的单词或词组并用其正确形式填空。 strengthen, keep up with, on one’s own, deal with, pay off, adapt to, prohibit, be fed up with, sign up, be capable of 11. It took him a while to __________ his life in a new school. 12. Sandra was determined to become a doctor and her hard work __________. 13. Jeremy __________ getting sick all the time and sought help from Dr Martin. 14. In Beijing, smoking __________ in public places like subway station, restaurant or theatre. 15. Lily has confidence in __________ all kinds of problems in her job. 16. When a child is studying abroad, he must learn to adjust to living __________. 17. The physical training, such as yoga, can be used to __________ the immune system. 18. They made an effort __________ the development of new technology. 19. She __________ for evening classes at the community college last year. 20. He is an excellent swimmers and __________ remaining underwater for up to 7 minutes. 第三节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面句子，用正确的语法形式填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 21. I was __________ (inspire) to work harder by his example. (所给词的适当形式填空) 22. My doctor advised me ________ (reduce) the amount of sugar added to the milk I drank. (所给词的适当形式填空) 23. I live in a room ________ window faces south. (用适当的词填空) 24. He talked a lot about things and persons __________ they remembered in the school. (用适当的词填空) 25. The picture __________ she was looking at was beautiful. (用适当的词填空) 26. The old lady __________ daughter is an English teacher is our neighbor. (用适当的词填空) 27. The two pupils __________ you taught three years ago have become teachers. (用适当的词填空) 28. Li Ying is the first person ___________ (join) the volunteering club in her class. (所给词的适当形式填空) 29. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together______ (share) a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes. (所给词的适当形式填空） 30. The terrible earthquake happened last week. Unfortunately, many buildings __________(destroy). (所给词的适当形式填空) 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节 （共14小题；每小题2分，总28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Earn Money This Summer with Sunny Libraries! Do you have too much free time this summer vacation? Do you need a summer job to earn extra money? Do you want to be involved in your community (社区)? Sunny Area Library System (SALS) has job opportunities for high school students. These are good chances to get work experience. Book Theater brings children's book stories to life. It has shows at all Sunny Libraries. Applicants should enjoy performing in front of an audience and working with young children. Work Hours: Practice: Fridays 4:00 pm-6:00 pm Performance: Tuesdays 10:00 am Rate of Pay: $16/performance Computer Tutor helps guests to deal with technology problems, involving Internet searches and using the SALS Website to find materials. Applicants should have computer skills. Work Hours: Monday-Friday 9:00 am-5:00 pm Rate of Pay: $8/hour Bookmobile helps the driver find the routes to libraries. The truck you work in is air-conditioned, and the driver is friendly. Applicants must be able to lift heavy boxes. Work Hours: Sunday and Friday 9:00 am-4:00 pm Rate of Pay: $10/hour Reader Desk provides service with a smile while checking materials in and out to guests. Friendly attitude and ability to work on library data system required. Work Hours: Monday-Tuesday 8:00am-4:00pm Rate of Pay: $ 7.50/hour 31. If you are interested in acting, ________should be your choice. A. Book Theater B. Bookmobile C Computer Tutor D. Reader Desk 32. If you get the job of “Bookmobile", you are expected to ________ A. work with young children B. lift heavy boxes C. check materials for guests D. repair computers 33. The purpose of the advertisement is to ________. A. attract students to libraries B. raise money for libraries C. introduce new books D. offer job opportunities B Arriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children. During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport. He reported the case to the police and then sat there, lost and lonely in a strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one. Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was trying to pronounce my husband’s name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can(垃圾桶) that had been left out on the footpath. My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents. At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend. That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in people. We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way. 34. What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney? A. Go shopping B. Find a house C. Join his family D. Take a vacation 35. The girl’s parents got Rashid’s phone number from_________. A. a friend of his family B. a Sydney policeman C. a letter in his papers D. a stranger in Sydney 36. What does the underlined word “restored” in the last paragraph mean? A. Showed B. Sent out C. Delivered D. Gave back 37. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. From India to Australia. B. Living in a New Country C. Turning Trash to Treasure. D. In Search of New Friends. C Although new laws have been passed in some American states to cut down on Distracted (分心的) driving, many accidents and deaths were still related with it, especially using cell phones while driving. Recently the government is considering forbidding to use cell phones in cars aiming to cut down cell-phone-related road deaths. Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood, the nation’s anti-distracted-driving supporter, said in an interview on November 18 that federal officials are looking at technology to disable cell phones inside cars. “I think it will be done,” LaHood said. “I think the technology is there and I think you’re going to see the technology become adaptable in automobiles to disable these cell phones — We need to do a lot more if we were going to save lives.” Also on Thursday, the transportation government started a new “Faces of Distracted Driving” video campaign that features people who have been killed or lost their loved ones because of inattentive drivers. The video features heartbreaking stories of children killed, in crashes because of phoning or text messaging, and new videos are expected to be added every few weeks. A driver is four times more likely to crash while using a mobile phone. More than 5,500 people were killed last year by distracted drivers, and another 500,000 were injured. LaHood has said it is never safe to talk on a cell phone while driving, hands-free or not, because it can really cause distraction. Incidentally, a lot of people seem to agree with this viewpoint — a new research shows nearly two-thirds of Americans support a national ban on the use of cell phones while driving, even if the driver is using a hands-free device (装置). But the research didn’t ask how people feel about government-issued mobile phone scramblers or other disabling devices. 38. We can learn from the text that Ray LaHood __________. A. is in charge of the invention of the technology B. is strongly for the use of the technology in cars C. thinks it’s easy and practical to invent the technology D. thinks it’s unnecessary to use cell phone while driving 39. The “Faces of Distracted Driving” video campaign aims to __________. A find out the real drivers who caused the accidents B. show that most of the victims in car crashes are children C. make the public aware of the terrible results of distracted driving D. call on drivers to buy the new device which disables cell phones in cars 40. We can infer from the text that __________. A. two-thirds of Americans support a national ban on the use of cell phones while driving B. the disabling devices in cars will be widely used if it is free C. most people would like to choose hands-free devices while driving D. the writer is not sure whether disabling devices will be accepted by people D Turning the lights out or wearing a blindfold while eating could be a quick way to lose weight, according to scientists. The simple trick works because it stops diners eating for pleasure rather than for calories. It also triggers(引发)a part of the brain that is worried that unseen food may go bad. An experiment by the University of Konstanz, in Germany, found that people who were blindfolded consumed nine percent fewer calories before they felt full, compared to those who could see. They also vastly overestimated how much they had eaten because they could not see how much was left on the plate. Blindfolded volunteers estimated they had eaten 88 percent more than they actually had. Scientists believe that not seeing food on the table also allows the body to know when it is full in real time rather than remembering past experiences where it might have taken a full plate to feel full. In the experiment, 50 people were blindfolded and 40 were allowed to see their food. All were told not to eat within two hours of the experiment. They were then given three 95g bowls of chocolate ice-cream and invited to eat for 15 minutes. Their bowls were taken away and the remaining ice-cream weighed, while the participants were quizzed on how much they thought they had eaten. On average the group who could see ate 116g while the blindfolded groups ate 105g.However,the blindfolded group believed they had eaten 197g while compared with 159g for the non-blind volunteers. They were also asked how pleasant the ice-cream tasted and the blindfolded group rated lower than those who could see. “The experienced pleasure of eating was significantly lower in the blindfolded group. Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite.Sight plays an important role in the eating experience and in the overall dining experience.” Previous studies have shown that the visual influence of food plays a large part in the taste. While restaurants that allow diners to eat in the dark state that it triggers other senses,in fact eating in darkness is likely to taste far milder than usual. 41. With the lights out, diners eat less partly because_____________. A. they want to quickly finish their meals B. they trust their feelings more than ever C. they focus more on fun than the calories D. they worry about the quality of the food 42. We can learn from the passage that the blindfolded group _____________. A. spent a much longer time eating the same food B. believed they ate more than they really did C. depended on past experiences to feel full D. thought the food tasted better than usual 43. The last two paragraphs tell us that_____________. A. diners are likely to lose their appetite eating in darkness B. senses rather than sight play an important role in the taste C. findings of this experimentdiffer from the previous studies D. restaurants benefit a lot from allowing diners to eat in the dark 44. The main purpose of the passage is to _______________. A. provide statistics related to eating in the dark B. offer reasons for people to eat in the dark areas C. inform the readers of the result of an experiment D. persuade the readers to lose weight in a new way 第二节 （共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Muzak The next time you go into a bank a store, or a supermarket, stop and listen. What do you hear? ____45____. It's similar to the music you listen to, but it's not exactly the same. That's because this music was especially designed to relax you, or to give you extra energy. Sometimes you don't even realize the music is playing, but you react to the music anyway. Quiet background music used to be called "elevator (电梯) music" because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places, and it has a new name "Muzak". About one-third of the people in America listen to "Muzak" every day. The music plays for 15 minutes at a time, with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning, and between three and four in the afternoon, when people are more tired. ____46____. If you listen to Muzak carefully, you will probably recognize the names of many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters don't want their songs to be used as Muzak, but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why? ____47____. Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak doeswhat it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. ____48____. Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries. ___49___. They say it's boring to hear the same songs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or another, Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak! A. Some people don't like Muzak. B. The music gives them extra energy. C. Music is playing in the background. D. Factory workers produce 13 percent more. E. Muzak tends to help people understand music better. F. They get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used. G. Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world. 第三部分：书面表达 （共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题，第50-51小题各2分，第52题3分，第53小题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 People who are at your age, like your classmates, are called peers. When they influence you on your decision or action, it's called peer pressure. All of us, at some point in our lives, have had to deal with peer pressure. The need to follow the crowd and do what majority of us are doing forces us to take up activities which we wouldn't otherwise. Recent studies have shown that peer pressure might cause an upside to you. It can make you reflect on your actions and make changes to your ways to become a better one. Observing others working hard to reach their goals will definitely encourage you to make a great effort to achieve something positive. Having a group that brings positive peer pressure can also help you pick up healthy habits that can shape both your personality and your future. The motivation to do well because of pressure from your peers can actually become inspiration. Just as some influences can be positive, some can be negative too. Peer pressure sometimes can make a dip in your self-confidence. Some kids give in to peer pressure because they want to be liked, or because they worry that others might make fun of them if they don't go along with the group. The idea that “everyone’ s doing it” can influence them to leave their better judgment behind. Besides, peer pressure can distance you from your family and friends. It is common for teenagers to think that nobody understands them and that the whole world is against them. They just shut themselves off and fall into bad company. It's likely that you've experienced the effect of peer pressure in different areas, ranging from the clothes you wear to the music you listen to. Sometimes it can be hard to resist and you may feel forced to do something you' re uncomfortable with. So being aware of and carefully choosing the influence of peers that will lead to healthy and happy experiences is a lifelong process. 50. What is peer pressure? ______________________________________________________________________________________ 51. What positive influences can peer pressure bring to people? ______________________________________________________________________________________ 52. Please decide which part of the following statement is false, then underline it and explain why. Under negative peer pressure, teenagers may build up self-confidence, make wrong judgment or keep a distance from family and friends. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 53. In your opinion, how can teenagers deal with peer pressure properly? （about 40 words） ______________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 （20分） 54. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，你校将举办以京剧为主题的校园文化活动。请给你的外教Chris写封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括： 1. 时间和地点； 2. 活动内容：讲座、现场表演……； 3. 询问意向。 Dear Chris, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 北京市日坛中学2024~2025学年第一学期期中考试 高 一 年级 英语 试卷 2024.11 （本试卷共8页，考试时间100 min，满分100分） 第一部分 知识运用（共三节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My son Joey was born with club feet (先天性的畸形脚). The doctors assured us that with treatment he would be able to walk ___1___, but would never run very well. The first three years of his life were spent in surgery (手术). By the time he was eight, you wouldn’t know he had a problem when you saw him walk. The children in our neighborhood ran around as most children did during play, and Joey would jump right in, run and play, too. We ___2___ told him that he probably wouldn’t be able to run as well as the other children. So he didn’t know. In the seventh grade he decided to go out for the running team. Every day he ___3___ with the team. He worked harder and ran more than any of the others — perhaps he sensed that the ___4___ that seemed to come naturally to so many others did not come naturally to him. Although the entire team runs, only the top seven runners have the potential to ___5___ points for the school. We didn’t tell him he probably would never make the team, so he didn’t know. He ___6___ to run four to five miles a day , every day — even the day he had a 103-degree fever. I was worried, so I went to look for him after school. I found him running all alone. I asked him how he felt. “Okay,” he said. He had two more miles to go. The sweat ran down his face and his eyes were glassy from his fever. ___7___ he looked straight ahead and kept running. Two weeks later, the names of the team runners were ___8___. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had made the team. He was in the seventh grade — the other six team members were all eighth graders. We never told him he shouldn’t ___9___ to make the team. We never told him he couldn’t do it so he didn’t know. He just ____10____ it. 1. A. quickly B. slowly C. normally D. comfortably 2. A. seldom B. never C. always D. once 3. A. gathered B. camped C. trained D. competed 4. A. ability B. strength C. power D. method 5. A. increase B. score C. hold D. take 6. A. continued B. stopped C. liked D. hoped 7. A. Otherwise B. So C. Yet D. Thus 8. A. included B. announced C. shown D. found 9. A. manage B. determine C. expect D. attempt 10. A. got B. did C. took D. thought 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述作者的儿子的脚天生畸形，经过手术后能正常行走但不能象其他孩子那样跑，但作者并没有把这一点告诉儿子，因为没有给他设置限制，使其在追逐梦想的时候无所顾忌，凭着坚强的毅力和刻苦的训练终于脱颖而出被校队选中。 【1题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：医生向我们保证，经过治疗，他可以正常行走，但不能很好地跑步。A. quickly快速地；B. slowly缓慢地；C. normally正常地；D. comfortably舒适地。根据下文“By the time he was eight, you wouldn’t know he had a problem when you saw him walk.”可知，医生保证手术可以让Joey正常走路。故选C项。 【2题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们从来没有告诉他，他可能不能像其他孩子那样跑得好。A. seldom很少；B. never从不；C. always总是；D. once曾经，一度。根据下文“So he didn’t know.”可知，Joey不知道自己缺陷，因为父母从来没有告诉他。故选B项。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他每天都和队员们一起训练。A. gathered聚集；B. camped露营；C. trained训练；D. competed竞争。根据“He worked harder and ran more than any of the others”可知，Joey每天和队员们一起训练。故选C项。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他比其他人更努力，跑得也更卖力——也许他意识到，对许多人来说似乎是天生的能力，对他来说却并非天生的。A. ability能力；B. strength力气；C. power力量，能量；D. method方法。根据“He worked harder and ran more than any of the others”可知，比起其他人，Joey更努力，他可能意识到，他并没有别人那样天生的能力。故选A项。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然整个队伍都在跑，但只有前7名选手有可能为学校得分。A. increase增加；B. score得分；C. hold保持，拿；D. take带走。根据上文“In the seventh grade he decided to go out for the running team.”以及空后“points for the school”可知，此处指进入校队，为学校得分；score points意思为“得分”，为固定短语。故选B项。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他持续每天跑4到5英里，每天都跑——即使是在他发高烧103度的那天。A. continued持续；B. stopped停止；C. liked喜欢；D. hoped希望。根据“to run four to five miles a day , every day — even the day he had a 103-degree fever”可知，Joey持续每天跑步4到5英里，即使生病。故选A项。 【7题详解】 考查副词/连词词义辨析。句意：但他直视前方，继续奔跑。A. Otherwise否则；B. So因此；C. Yet然而；D. Thus因此。根据上文“The sweat ran down his face and his eyes were glassy from his fever.”以及空后“he looked straight ahead and kept running.”可知，前后文之间为转折关系。故选C项。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：两周后，参赛队伍的名单公布了。A. included包含；B. announced宣布；C. shown展示；D. found发现。根据下文“Joey was number six on the list. Joey had made the team.”可知，名单宣布了。故选B项。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们从来没有告诉他不要期望入选球队。A. manage设法；B. determine决定；C. expect预料，期待；D. attempt试图。根据下文“We never told him he couldn’t do it”以及上文“The doctors assured us that with treatment he would be able to walk ____1____ but would never run very well.”可知，医生说孩子治疗后可以正常行走但不能很好地跑步，但是父母从来没有把医生的话没有告诉过Joey，让他不要期望加入跑步队，故选C项。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他就这么做到了。A. got得到；B. did做，表现；C. took拿走；D. thought认为。根据上文“In the seventh grade he decided to go out for the running team.”、“Joey had made the team.”以及“We never told him he couldn’t do it so he didn’t know.”可知，Joey七年级时决定参加跑步队，父母没有告诉Joey他不能很好地跑步，Joey在不知情的情况下通过努力实现自己的目标，成功加入跑步队；did it表示“成功完成某事或达到某个目标”符合语境。故选B项。 第二节 选词填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的单词或词组并用其正确形式填空。 strengthen, keep up with, on one’s own, deal with, pay off, adapt to, prohibit, be fed up with, sign up, be capable of 11. It took him a while to __________ his life in a new school. 12. Sandra was determined to become a doctor and her hard work __________. 13. Jeremy __________ getting sick all the time and sought help from Dr Martin. 14. In Beijing, smoking __________ in public places like subway station, restaurant or theatre. 15. Lily has confidence in __________ all kinds of problems in her job. 16. When a child is studying abroad, he must learn to adjust to living __________. 17. The physical training, such as yoga, can be used to __________ the immune system. 18. They made an effort __________ the development of new technology. 19. She __________ for evening classes at the community college last year. 20. He is an excellent swimmers and __________ remaining underwater for up to 7 minutes. 【答案】11. adapt to 12. paid off 13. was fed up with 14. is prohibited 15. dealing with 16. on his own 17. strengthen 18. to keep up with 19. signed up 20. is capable of 【解析】 【11题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：他花了一段时间才适应新学校的生活。to后用动词原形，结合his life in a new school可知，此处表示“适应”用adapt to。故填adapt to。 【12题详解】 考查动词短语和时态。句意：桑德拉决心成为一名医生，她的努力得到了回报。根据was可知，句子为一般过去时，动词用过去式。结合Sandra was determined to become a doctor可知，努力得到了回报，pay off符合题意。故填paid off。 【13题详解】 考查短语和时态。句意：杰里米受够了总是生病，于是向马丁医生寻求帮助。根据sought可知，句子为一般过去时，根据getting sick all the time，此处表示“对……厌烦”用be fed up with，主语为单数，be动词用was。故填was fed up with。 【14题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：在北京，地铁、餐馆、剧院等公共场所禁止吸烟。空处缺少谓语，结合句意，表示“禁止”用prohibit，smoking与prohibit为被动关系，且描述规范，用一般现在时的被动语态。主语为单数。故填is prohibited。 【15题详解】 考查动名词和短语。句意：莉莉有信心处理工作中的各种问题。in为介词，后面用动名词作宾语，根据all kinds of problems可知，此处表示“处理”用deal with。故填dealing with。 【16题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：孩子在国外留学时，他必须学会适应自己的生活。根据句意，表示“独立生活”用on one’s own，主语为child，此处one’s用his。故填on his own。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：身体训练，如瑜伽，可以用来加强免疫系统。be used to do意思为：被用来做某事，此处用动词原形构成不定式，根据句意，身体训练可以加强免疫系统，strengthen意思为加强，符合题意。故填strengthen。 【18题详解】 考查不定式和短语。句意：他们努力跟上新技术的发展。make an effort to do意思为努力做某事，结合the development of new technology可知，此处表示“跟上”用keep up with。故填to keep up with。 【19题详解】 考查动词短语和时态。句意：去年她报名参加了社区大学的夜校。根据last year可知，句子为一般过去时，动词用过去式，结合for evening classes可知，此处用“报名参加”sign up。故填signed up。 【20题详解】 考查短语和时态。句意：他是一名优秀的游泳运动员，能够在水下停留长达7分钟。句子表示个人能力，用一般现在时，表示“能够”用be capable of，主语为He，be动词用is。故填is capable of。 第三节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面句子，用正确的语法形式填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 21. I was __________ (inspire) to work harder by his example. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】inspired 【解析】 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：他的榜样激励我更加努力地工作。空处和was构成谓语，结合“by his example”可知，inspire“激励”和主语I之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，为inspire sb. to do“激励某人做某事”的被动形式。故填inspired。 22. My doctor advised me ________ (reduce) the amount of sugar added to the milk I drank. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to reduce 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我的医生建议我减少加在我喝的牛奶中的糖的数量。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“advise sb. to do sth.”，意为“建议某人做某事”，为不定式作宾语补足语，“reduce”意为“减少”，动词词性，不定式符号“to”后接动词原形。故填to reduce。 23. I live in a room ________ window faces south. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我住在一个窗户朝南的房间里。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是room，指物，关系词在定语从句中作定语修饰名词window，所以空处需用关系代词whose (谁的)引导定语从句，表示所属关系。故填whose。 24. He talked a lot about things and persons __________ they remembered in the school. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他谈了很多他们在学校里记得的事情和人。空处引导定语从句，先行词是things and persons，既有人又有物，在这种情况下，只能用关系代词that来引导定语从句。故填that。 25. The picture __________ she was looking at was beautiful. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that##which 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她正在看的那幅画很漂亮。本句是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词是The picture，指物，且在从句中作宾语，所以可以用关系代词that或which来引导定语从句。故填 that/which。 26. The old lady __________ daughter is an English teacher is our neighbor. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：女儿是英语老师的那位老太太是我们的邻居。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为lady，作从句中daughter的定语，用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。 27. The two pupils __________ you taught three years ago have become teachers. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who##that 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你三年前教过的那两个学生已经当老师了。空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词pupils，作从句的宾语，表示人，可以用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。 28. Li Ying is the first person ___________ (join) the volunteering club in her class. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to join 【解析】 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：李颖是班上第一个加入志愿者俱乐部的人。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词person，person前有序数词修饰，所以此处使用动词不定式形式，结合句意，此处表示主动意义。故填to join。 29. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together______ (share) a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes. (所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】to share 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：过中秋节的时候，家人们通常会团聚在一起吃饭、赏月和品尝月饼。根据句意可知家人们团聚在一起的目的是吃饭、赏月和品尝月饼,因此用不定式to share作目的状语。故填to share。 30. The terrible earthquake happened last week. Unfortunately, many buildings __________(destroy). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】were destroyed 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：上周发生了可怕的地震。不幸的是，许多建筑物被毁。空处作谓语，buildings与destroy构成被动关系，且结合last week和句意可知，描述过去的事实，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用were。故填were destroyed。 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节 （共14小题；每小题2分，总28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Earn Money This Summer with Sunny Libraries! Do you have too much free time this summer vacation? Do you need a summer job to earn extra money? Do you want to be involved in your community (社区)? Sunny Area Library System (SALS) has job opportunities for high school students. These are good chances to get work experience. Book Theater brings children's book stories to life. It has shows at all Sunny Libraries. Applicants should enjoy performing in front of an audience and working with young children. Work Hours: Practice: Fridays 4:00 pm-6:00 pm Performance: Tuesdays 10:00 am Rate of Pay: $16/performance Computer Tutor helps guests to deal with technology problems, involving Internet searches and using the SALS Website to find materials. Applicants should have computer skills. Work Hours: Monday-Friday 9:00 am-5:00 pm Rate of Pay: $8/hour Bookmobile helps the driver find the routes to libraries. The truck you work in is air-conditioned, and the driver is friendly. Applicants must be able to lift heavy boxes. Work Hours: Sunday and Friday 9:00 am-4:00 pm Rate of Pay: $10/hour Reader Desk provides service with a smile while checking materials in and out to guests. Friendly attitude and ability to work on library data system required. Work Hours: Monday-Tuesday 8:00am-4:00pm Rate of Pay: $ 7.50/hour 31. If you are interested in acting, ________should be your choice. A. Book Theater B. Bookmobile C. Computer Tutor D. Reader Desk 32. If you get the job of “Bookmobile", you are expected to ________ A. work with young children B. lift heavy boxes C. check materials for guests D. repair computers 33. The purpose of the advertisement is to ________. A. attract students to libraries B. raise money for libraries C. introduce new books D. offer job opportunities 【答案】31. A 32. B 33. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文，主要向高校学生提供一些暑假勤工俭学的用工信息。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据介绍Book Theater部分中“Applicants should enjoy performing in front of an audience and working with young children.( 申请人应喜欢在观众面前表演，并与儿童一起工作)”可知，如果你喜欢表演，可以选择去Book Theater，故选A项。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据Bookmobile部分中“Applicants must be able to lift heavy boxes. (申请人必须有能力搬动很重的箱子)”可知，Bookmobile这里的工作人员需要搬动重箱子。故选B项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据Earn Money This Summer with Sunny Libraries!部分中“Sunny Area Library System（SALS）has job opportunities for high school students．These are good chances to get work experience. (阳光地区图书馆系统(SALS)为高中学生提供就业机会。这些都是获得工作经验的好机会)”可知，本文是给假期的孩子们提供工作机会的公告信息。故选D项。 B Arriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children. During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport. He reported the case to the police and then sat there, lost and lonely in a strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one. Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was trying to pronounce my husband’s name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can(垃圾桶) that had been left out on the footpath. My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents. At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend. That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in people. We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way. 34. What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney? A. Go shopping B. Find a house C. Join his family D. Take a vacation 35. The girl’s parents got Rashid’s phone number from_________. A. a friend of his family B. a Sydney policeman C. a letter in his papers D. a stranger in Sydney 36. What does the underlined word “restored” in the last paragraph mean? A. Showed B. Sent out C. Delivered D. Gave back 37. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. From India to Australia. B. Living in a New Country C. Turning Trash to Treasure. D. In Search of New Friends. 【答案】34. B 35. C 36. D 37. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的丈夫丢失的物品被扔到了垃圾箱，但是有一个好心的家庭却把那些文件等整理好送还给作者的丈夫，这些别人眼里的垃圾对作者的丈夫来说非常重要。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章首段“Arriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.(我丈夫拉希德独自从印度抵达悉尼，在为我和孩子们寻找房子时，他在一家酒店住了很短时间)”可知，Rashid到了悉尼后，在旅馆待了很短一段时间就出去给家人找房子了。故选B。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句话“At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.(最后，他们看到了一堆写了一半的信，我丈夫把他的新电话号码给了一个朋友。最后，他们看到了一堆写了一半的信，我丈夫把他的新电话号码给了一个朋友)”可知，陌生人一家是通过作者丈夫文件中的一封信里的内容得知他的电话号码的。故选C。 【36题详解】 猜测词义题。根据文章倒数第二段第一句话“My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents.(我丈夫赶到他们家，发现一个和蔼可亲的家庭拿着他的所有文件和文件)”可知，那家人把捡到的文件送还给作者的丈夫，应该是“归还”文件，由此判断该词意思是“归还”。故选D。 【37题详解】 主旨大意题。文章讲述了作者的丈夫丢失的物品被扔到了垃圾箱，但是有一个好心的家庭却把那些文件等整理好送还给作者的丈夫，这些别人眼里的垃圾对作者的丈夫来说非常重要，由此判断C选项“把垃圾变成财富”能体现文章中心，适合作本文的标题。故选C。 C Although new laws have been passed in some American states to cut down on Distracted (分心的) driving, many accidents and deaths were still related with it, especially using cell phones while driving. Recently the government is considering forbidding to use cell phones in cars aiming to cut down cell-phone-related road deaths. Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood, the nation’s anti-distracted-driving supporter, said in an interview on November 18 that federal officials are looking at technology to disable cell phones inside cars. “I think it will be done,” LaHood said. “I think the technology is there and I think you’re going to see the technology become adaptable in automobiles to disable these cell phones — We need to do a lot more if we were going to save lives.” Also on Thursday, the transportation government started a new “Faces of Distracted Driving” video campaign that features people who have been killed or lost their loved ones because of inattentive drivers. The video features heartbreaking stories of children killed, in crashes because of phoning or text messaging, and new videos are expected to be added every few weeks. A driver is four times more likely to crash while using a mobile phone. More than 5,500 people were killed last year by distracted drivers, and another 500,000 were injured. LaHood has said it is never safe to talk on a cell phone while driving, hands-free or not, because it can really cause distraction. Incidentally, a lot of people seem to agree with this viewpoint — a new research shows nearly two-thirds of Americans support a national ban on the use of cell phones while driving, even if the driver is using a hands-free device (装置). But the research didn’t ask how people feel about government-issued mobile phone scramblers or other disabling devices. 38. We can learn from the text that Ray LaHood __________. A. is in charge of the invention of the technology B. is strongly for the use of the technology in cars C. thinks it’s easy and practical to invent the technology D. thinks it’s unnecessary to use cell phone while driving 39 The “Faces of Distracted Driving” video campaign aims to __________. A. find out the real drivers who caused the accidents B. show that most of the victims in car crashes are children C. make the public aware of the terrible results of distracted driving D. call on drivers to buy the new device which disables cell phones in cars 40. We can infer from the text that __________. A. two-thirds of Americans support a national ban on the use of cell phones while driving B. the disabling devices in cars will be widely used if it is free C. most people would like to choose hands-free devices while driving D. the writer is not sure whether disabling devices will be accepted by people 【答案】38. B 39. C 40. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，讲述了美国一些州虽已通过新法律减少分心驾驶，但仍有许多事故与之相关，政府正考虑采取措施禁止在车内使用手机，还开展了相关宣传活动，同时提到了人们对此的一些看法及相关研究情况。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood, the nation's anti-distracted-driving supporter, said in an interview on November 18 that federal officials are looking at technology to disable cell phones inside cars(美国反分心驾驶支持者、交通部长雷・拉胡德在11月18日的一次采访中表示，联邦官员正在研究使车内手机失效的技术)”以及第三段““I think it will be done,” LaHood said. “I think the technology is there and I think you' re going to see the technology become adaptable in automobiles to disable these cell phones — We need to do a lot more if we were going to save lives.”(拉胡德说：‘我认为这将会实现。我认为技术已经具备，而且我认为你会看到这项技术在汽车上变得可应用，以使这些手机失效 —— 如果我们要拯救生命，我们还需要做更多的事情。’)”可知，雷・拉胡德强烈支持在汽车中应用使手机失效的技术，故选B项。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Also on Thursday, the transportation government started a new “Faces of Distracted Driving” video campaign that features people who have been killed or lost their loved ones because of inattentive drivers. The video features heartbreaking stories of children killed, in crashes because of phoning or text messaging, and new videos are expected to be added every few weeks.(同样在周四，交通运输部门启动了一项新的‘分心驾驶面面观’视频宣传活动，展示了那些因司机注意力不集中而丧生或失去亲人的人们的情况。视频讲述了因打电话或发短信而在车祸中丧生的儿童的令人心碎的故事，预计每隔几周就会增加新的视频)” 可知，“分心驾驶面面观”视频宣传活动旨在让公众意识到分心驾驶的可怕后果，故选C项。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Incidentally, a lot of people seem to agree with this viewpoint — a new research shows nearly two-thirds of Americans support a national ban on the use of cell phones while driving, even if the driver is using a hands-free device (装置). But the research didn't ask how people feel about government-issued mobile phone scramblers or other disabling devices.(顺便说一句，很多人似乎同意这一观点 —— 一项新的研究显示，近三分之二的美国人支持在全国范围内禁止在驾驶时使用手机，即使司机使用的是免提设备。但这项研究没有询问人们对政府发放的手机干扰器或其他使手机失效的设备的看法)”可知，虽然很多人支持禁止驾驶时使用手机，但对于政府发放的使手机失效的设备人们的看法未知，所以作者不确定这些使手机失效的设备是否会被人们接受，故选D项。 D Turning the lights out or wearing a blindfold while eating could be a quick way to lose weight, according to scientists. The simple trick works because it stops diners eating for pleasure rather than for calories. It also triggers(引发)a part of the brain that is worried that unseen food may go bad. An experiment by the University of Konstanz, in Germany, found that people who were blindfolded consumed nine percent fewer calories before they felt full, compared to those who could see. They also vastly overestimated how much they had eaten because they could not see how much was left on the plate. Blindfolded volunteers estimated they had eaten 88 percent more than they actually had. Scientists believe that not seeing food on the table also allows the body to know when it is full in real time rather than remembering past experiences where it might have taken a full plate to feel full. In the experiment, 50 people were blindfolded and 40 were allowed to see their food. All were told not to eat within two hours of the experiment. They were then given three 95g bowls of chocolate ice-cream and invited to eat for 15 minutes. Their bowls were taken away and the remaining ice-cream weighed, while the participants were quizzed on how much they thought they had eaten. On average the group who could see ate 116g while the blindfolded groups ate 105g.However,the blindfolded group believed they had eaten 197g while compared with 159g for the non-blind volunteers. They were also asked how pleasant the ice-cream tasted and the blindfolded group rated lower than those who could see. “The experienced pleasure of eating was significantly lower in the blindfolded group. Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite.Sight plays an important role in the eating experience and in the overall dining experience.” Previous studies have shown that the visual influence of food plays a large part in the taste. While restaurants that allow diners to eat in the dark state that it triggers other senses,in fact eating in darkness is likely to taste far milder than usual. 41. With the lights out, diners eat less partly because_____________. A. they want to quickly finish their meals B. they trust their feelings more than ever C. they focus more on fun than the calories D. they worry about the quality of the food 42. We can learn from the passage that the blindfolded group _____________. A. spent a much longer time eating the same food B. believed they ate more than they really did C. depended on past experiences to feel full D. thought the food tasted better than usual 43. The last two paragraphs tell us that_____________. A. diners are likely to lose their appetite eating in darkness B. senses rather than sight play an important role in the taste C. findings of this experimentdiffer from the previous studies D. restaurants benefit a lot from allowing diners to eat in the dark 44. The main purpose of the passage is to _______________. A. provide statistics related to eating in the dark B. offer reasons for people to eat in the dark areas C. inform the readers of the result of an experiment D. persuade the readers to lose weight in a new way 【答案】41. D 42. B 43. A 44. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。科学家通过研究发现人们在熄灯或者戴着眼罩时用餐可以减肥。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段以及第六段“Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite”可知，看不到食物会减少食欲。选D。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Blindfolded volunteers estimated they had eaten 88 percent more than they actually had.”以及实验过程可知，戴眼罩的志愿者们相信他们比实际上吃得更多。故选B。 【43题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后两段“Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite.”和“While restaurants that allow diners to eat in the dark state that it triggers other senses, in fact eating in darkness is likely to taste far milder than usual.”可知，最后两段主要介绍用餐者在黑暗中用餐会减少他们的食欲。故选A。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，科学家通过研究发现人们在熄灯或者戴着眼罩时用餐可以减肥。本篇文章的主要目的是作者根据实验的过程告知读者实验结果。A、B选项是文章的内容，D选项并没有在文章中体现。故选C。 【点睛】细节题应试技巧 细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找到，即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。 通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征： 1、对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。如小题1根据第一段以及第六段“Not seeing the food might have decreased the appetite”可以推断出，看不到食物会减少食欲。选D。 2、词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障碍。 3、语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案。 4、正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项(适用于寻找错误选项的题目)。细节题具体方法与步骤： ①排除干扰项，突出主题。事实细节题的设计干扰项一般都是某一细节的错误叙述与论断，可先排除干扰项。作为命题内容的细节一般总是短文的要点活主要论据。因此正确的选项往往与短文的主题密切相关。如小题4本篇文章的主要目的是作者根据实验的过程告知读者实验结果。A、B选项是文章的内容，D选项并没有在文章中体现。虽然是目的题，但是也是需要细节去理解，要求考生对文章整体结构有所把握，找出关键词，进行归纳，便可得出结论。 ②按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词，如for example，first，second等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。 ③ 将自己精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上，快速通篇跳读，眼睛自左至右，自上而下呈Z形扫视，直到找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题2根据第二段以及实验过程可以知道戴眼罩的志愿者们相信他们比实际上吃得更多。 ④注意识别指代词语。为避免重复，文章中对多次提及的事物或现象会使用不同的词语，如同义词、近义词、代词等。 第二节 （共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Muzak The next time you go into a bank, a store, or a supermarket, stop and listen. What do you hear? ____45____. It's similar to the music you listen to, but it's not exactly the same. That's because this music was especially designed to relax you, or to give you extra energy. Sometimes you don't even realize the music is playing, but you react to the music anyway. Quiet background music used to be called "elevator (电梯) music" because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places, and it has a new name "Muzak". About one-third of the people in America listen to "Muzak" every day. The music plays for 15 minutes at a time, with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning, and between three and four in the afternoon, when people are more tired. ____46____. If you listen to Muzak carefully, you will probably recognize the names of many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters don't want their songs to be used as Muzak, but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why? ____47____. Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak doeswhat it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. ____48____. Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries. ___49___. They say it's boring to hear the same songs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or another, Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak! A. Some people don't like Muzak. B. The music gives them extra energy. C. Music is playing in the background. D. Factory workers produce 13 percent more. E. Muzak tends to help people understand music better. F. They get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used. G. Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world. 【答案】45. C 46. B 47. F 48. D 49. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文，短文介绍了缪扎克音乐受到越来越多美国人的欢迎，但有些人认为缪扎克音乐很无聊，但不管怎样缪扎克音乐影响着每个人。 【45题详解】 根据上文“你听到了什么音乐”，根据下文“这和你听的音乐很相似，但不完全一样”。选项承上启下。故C选项“背景音乐正在播放。”切题。故选C项。 【46题详解】 根据上文“早上十点到十一点之间，下午三点到四点之间，人们比较累的时候，这种音乐就可以起作用了”。选项承接上文。故B选项“音乐给了他们额外的能量”切题，故选B项。 【47题详解】 根据上文“如果你仔细听背景音乐，你可能会认出许多歌曲的名字。 有些音乐家或作曲家不希望自己的歌曲被用作音乐，但有些人选择自己的歌曲时很高兴。 为什么？”可知，选项在对上句进行回答。故F选项“如果他们的歌被使用，他们每年可以得到400万美元”切题。故选F项。 【48题详解】 根据下文“在超市购物的人会多买38%的杂货。”。选项与下文为并列关系，说明这种音乐的益处。故D选项“工厂工人的产量增加了13%”切题。故选D项。 【49题详解】 根据下文“他们说一直听同样的歌很无聊”。选项与下文话题一致。故A选项“有些人不喜欢缪扎克音乐”切题。故选A项。 第三部分：书面表达 （共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题，第50-51小题各2分，第52题3分，第53小题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 People who are at your age, like your classmates, are called peers. When they influence you on your decision or action, it's called peer pressure. All of us, at some point in our lives, have had to deal with peer pressure. The need to follow the crowd and do what majority of us are doing forces us to take up activities which we wouldn't otherwise. Recent studies have shown that peer pressure might cause an upside to you. It can make you reflect on your actions and make changes to your ways to become a better one. Observing others working hard to reach their goals will definitely encourage you to make a great effort to achieve something positive. Having a group that brings positive peer pressure can also help you pick up healthy habits that can shape both your personality and your future. The motivation to do well because of pressure from your peers can actually become inspiration. Just as some influences can be positive, some can be negative too. Peer pressure sometimes can make a dip in your self-confidence. Some kids give in to peer pressure because they want to be liked, or because they worry that others might make fun of them if they don't go along with the group. The idea that “everyone’ s doing it” can influence them to leave their better judgment behind. Besides, peer pressure can distance you from your family and friends. It is common for teenagers to think that nobody understands them and that the whole world is against them. They just shut themselves off and fall into bad company. It's likely that you've experienced the effect of peer pressure in different areas ranging from the clothes you wear to the music you listen to. Sometimes it can be hard to resist and you may feel forced to do something you' re uncomfortable with. So being aware of and carefully choosing the influence of peers that will lead to healthy and happy experiences is a lifelong process. 50. What is peer pressure? ______________________________________________________________________________________ 51. What positive influences can peer pressure bring to people? ______________________________________________________________________________________ 52. Please decide which part of the following statement is false, then underline it and explain why. Under negative peer pressure, teenagers may build up self-confidence, make wrong judgment or keep a distance from family and friends. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 53. In your opinion, how can teenagers deal with peer pressure properly? （about 40 words） ______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】50. Peer pressure is the influence that classmates or peers have on an individual’s decisions and actions, often leading them to adopt behaviors or activities they might not otherwise choose, in order to fit in or be accepted by the group. 51. Peer pressure can encourage individuals to reflect on their actions and strive for self-improvement. It can motivate them to work hard towards their goals and adopt healthy habits, ultimately shaping their personality and future positively. 52. Explanation: The statement is false because negative peer pressure typically leads to a decrease in self-confidence, as individuals may feel compelled to conform or act against their better judgment, rather than building it up. 53. Explanation: The statement is false because negative peer pressure typically leads to a decrease in self-confidence, as individuals may feel compelled to conform or act against their better judgment, rather than building it up. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了同龄人压力既能给我们带来积极的影响也能使我们不自信，所以我们要有意识地仔细选择同龄人的影响，这样才会使你的人生更健康，更快乐。 【50题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“People who are at your age, like your classmates, are called peers. When they influence you on your decision or action, it's called peer pressure. All of us, at some point in our lives, have had to deal with peer pressure. The need to follow the crowd and do what majority of us are doing forces us to take up activities which we wouldn't otherwise.( 和你年龄相仿的人，就像你的同学一样，被称为同龄人。当他们影响你的决定或行动时，这被称为同龄人压力。我们所有人，在生命中的某个时刻，都不得不面对同龄人压力。随大流和做大多数人正在做的事情的需要迫使我们去做一些我们本来不会做的事情。)”可知，同龄人压力是同学或同伴对个人的决定和行为的影响，通常会导致他们采取他们可能不会选择的行为或活动，以适应或被群体接受。故答案是：Peer pressure is the influence that classmates or peers have on an individual’s decisions and actions, often leading them to adopt behaviors or activities they might not otherwise choose, in order to fit in or be accepted by the group. 【51题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段中“It can make you reflect on your actions and make changes to your ways to become a better one. Observing others working hard to reach their goals will definitely encourage you to make a great effort to achieve something positive. Having a group that brings positive peer pressure can also help you pick up healthy habits that can shape both your personality and your future.( 它可以让你反思你的行为，改变你的方式，成为一个更好的人。观察别人努力工作以达到他们的目标肯定会鼓励你做出更大的努力来实现一些积极的事情。拥有一个能给你带来积极的同龄人压力的团体也能帮助你养成健康的习惯，这些习惯可以塑造你的个性和未来。)”可知，同龄人压力可以鼓励个人反思自己的行为，努力自我提升。它可以激励他们朝着自己的目标努力工作，养成健康的习惯，最终积极塑造他们的个性和未来。故答案是：Peer pressure can encourage individuals to reflect on their actions and strive for self-improvement. It can motivate them to work hard towards their goals and adopt healthy habits, ultimately shaping their personality and future positively. 【52题详解】 考查细节理解。根据“Just as some influences can be positive, some can be negative too. Peer pressure sometimes can make a dip in your self-confidence.( 正如有些影响可以是积极的，有些也可以是消极的。来自同龄人压力有时会使你的自信心下降。)”以及“Besides, peer pressure can distance you from your family and friends.( 此外，同龄人压力会使你与家人和朋友疏远。)”可知，原句错误的部分为“teenagers may build up self-confidence(青少年可能会建立自信)”，因为：因为负面的同龄人压力通常会导致自信心的下降，因为个人可能会感到被迫遵守或违背他们更好的判断，而不是建立自信。故答案是：Explanation: The statement is false because negative peer pressure typically leads to a decrease in self-confidence, as individuals may feel compelled to conform or act against their better judgment, rather than building it up. 【53题详解】 考查主观评价。根据文章大意以及题干问题可知，在我看来，青少年正确处理同龄人压力的方法可以为：青少年可以通过培养强烈的自我意识，设定明确的个人价值观，以及与鼓励积极行为的支持自己的朋友在一起来应对同龄人压力。学会说“不”，从值得信任的成年人那里寻求指导也会有所帮助。故答案是：Teenagers can deal with peer pressure by developing strong self-awareness, setting clear personal values, and surrounding themselves with supportive friends who encourage positive behaviors. Learning to say no and seeking guidance from trusted adults can also help. 第二节 （20分） 54. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，你校将举办以京剧为主题的校园文化活动。请给你的外教Chris写封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括： 1. 时间和地点； 2. 活动内容：讲座、现场表演……； 3. 询问意向。 Dear Chris, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Chris, How is everything going? I am writing to invite you to participate in an activity themed Beijing Opera to be held at 9 a.m. next Saturday in our school lecture hall. At the beginning of the activity, we will listen to a speech on the history of Beijing Opera which will be delivered by a famous artist. After that, there will be a live performance of Beijing Opera. The artists dressed in costumes will perform various stories that happened in the history of China by singing, dancing and playing martial arts. Besides, methods of drawing facial makeup will be taught on the spot, so you can try it. Would you like to go with me? I would appreciate it if you could reply me early. Yours, LiHua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教写一封邮件，邀请他参加学校将举办以京剧为主题的校园文化活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参加：participate in→ join in/ take part in 穿着：dress→ wear/ put on 表演：perform→ show/act 方法：method→ way/approach 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I am writing to invite you to participate in an activity themed Beijing Opera to be held at 9 a.m. next Saturday in our school lecture hall. 拓展句：I am writing to invite you to participate in an activity themed Beijing Opera, which is going to be held at 9 a.m. next Saturday in our school lecture hall. 【点睛】【高分句型1】At the beginning of the activity, we will listen to a speech on the history of Beijing Opera which will be delivered by a famous artist. (运用which引导定语从句) 高分句型2】The artists dressed in costumes will perform various stories that happened in the history of China by singing, dancing and playing martial arts.(运用that引导定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$