专题20 状语从句-【决胜春考】2025年春季高考英语冲刺总复习（广东小高考专用）

专题20 状语从句 在句子中，状语从句通常由从属连词引导。状语从句可以用来表示时间、地点、条件、原因、结果、目的、让步、比较、方式等等。 一、时间状语从句 时间状语从句通常用 when，／while（当...时），as（一边...一边...）， after（在...之后），before（在...之前），since（自从），as soon as（一...就...）， until（直到）等词引导。 1．when，while，as引导的 （1）when 既可以和短暂性动词连用，又可以和延续性动词连用。通常表示过去某一时刻，突然发生一件事情，when引导的从句通常用过去时，主句通常用过去进行时或过去时。 It was raining when they arrived at the station.他们到达车站的时候，天正在下雨。 （2） while 引导的时间状语从句，常表示在过某一时刻发生的事情是可延续的或同时发生的。while引导的句子通常用过去进行时（was／were doing） He was selling the newspaper while he was waiting for the bus. 他边等车边卖报。 【注意】when和while还可作并列连词。 when表“突然”；while表示“而，却”，表对照关系。 I was about to go out when someone called me. 我打算出门了突然有人打电话给我。 I like cats while my sister likes dogs. 我喜欢猫，然而我妹妹喜欢狗狗。 （3）as引导的时间状语从句，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生，常译问“一边...一边...” He sang as he worked. 他一边唱歌，一边工作。 即时演练A 1．My sister while she his bicycle and hurt himself. A.fell,was riding B.fell,were riding C.had fallen,rode D.had fallen, was riding 2．When I arrived at office,she on the phone. A.was speaking B.spoke C.had been speaking D.had spoken 3．I my breakfast when the morning post came. A.had B.had been having C.have been having D.was having 4． he was exercising,he found a wallet under the tree. A.Because B.Before C.Though D.when 5．The UFO east to west when he saw it. A.was traveling B.traveled C.had been traveling D.was to travel 2．since引导 （1）since引导的时间状语从句时态为一般过去时，主句的时态时现在完成时。 Changes have taken place since you left. 从你走后到现在发生了很大变化。 （2）It is＋一段时间＋since 从句（过去时）自从．．．以来有．．． It is two years since I left Guangzhou．自从我离开广州以来已经有2年了。 3．until/till 引导 （1）until／till表示“直到...” We waited until he came back.直到他回来我们才走 （2）until 常用否定式，即“not．．．until”表示“直到．．．才．．．．”，常用于非延续动词（start，begin，go,come,leave,get to,arrive) She didn't go to bed until her mum came home. 她直到妈妈回来了才睡着。 4．时间状语从句的时态（除了since外，其余连词都遵循下列原则） （1）主句是将来时／含有情态动词／含有祈使句，从句用一般现在时。 （2）主句是过去的时态，从句也要用过去时的时态。 You'd better stay at home before your dad comes back.在你爸爸回来之前，你最好在家里。 （主句有情态动词 had better，从句的时态要用一般现在时） They walked out of the room as soon as the meeting was over.会议一结束，他们就离开会议室。 （主句是过去时，从句也是过去时） 即时演练B 一、单项选择。 1． He was about to go to bed the doorbell rang. A.while B.as C.before D.when 2． John was watching TV,his wife was cooking. A.As B.As soon as C.While D.When 3．It's eleven years since he the company at home. A.takes charge of B.took charge of C.will take charge of D.is taking charge of 4．When I got to the airport, the plane . A.took off B.takes of C.had taken off D.has taken off 二、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1．She will call me as soon as she (get to) Beijing. 2．He took out his English book as soon as he (sit down). 3．His father never praised him until he (become) one of the top students in his grade. 三、翻译句子。 1．I didn't have dinner （直到妈妈回家. 2．I found the ring （当我今天早上种花的时候）. 3．she has learned lots of Chinese （自从她搬到中国）. 二、目的状语从句 1．目的状语从句常使用的连词有：so that／in order that（为了，以便），lest（以防），in case（以免），for fear that（以免，以防万一）。 目的状语从句中一般含有can，could，may，might，will，would等情态动词。 You must speak louder so that/in order that you can be heard by all. 你必须说得更大声以便你可以被所有人听到。 I took an umbrella with me for fear that／in case／lest it should rain.我带了一把伞以防下雨。 【注意】for fear that／in case／lest 引导的目的状语从句，从句常用should＋动词原形。should可以省略。 3．in order to 和so as to 也是翻译“为了”，也表示目的，后直接跟动词原形 否定形式为 in order not to do；so as not to do He got up early in order to／so as to take the bus. 他很早起床为了搭上早班车。 即时演练C 1．More and more people in Beijing are learning English they can better serve the Olympic Games. A.because of B so that C.even though D.in order to 2．Ann listened carefully she could discover what she needed. A.such that B.in order that C.because D.even though 3． I'd like to arrive 20 minutes early （以便我能有时间吃早餐）. 4．Lift it up （以便我能看到他）. 5． I study so hard （为了提升我自己）. 三、原因状语从句 原因状语从句常用引导词：because，since／now that（既然），as（由于），in that（因为/由于），for 引导词 用法 例句 because 语气最强，原因是听话人不知道的； 回答why提出的问题； 不能和so出现在一个句子上。 He didn't come to school because he was ill.他没来上学是因为他病了。 since now that as 原因是人们所知的或看来已明显的，是对已知事实提供理由，而不表示直接原因。 Since you are here, why not stay for more days?既然你在这儿了，为什么不待多几天呢？ As it's getting dark，we must go home now. 由于天黑了，我们必须要回家了 for 是并列连词，for引导的句子只能放在主句后，通常用逗号隔开。对主句的内容进行解释或推断。 It must rain last night, for the ground was wet.昨天肯定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。 【注意】because与because of 区别 because 跟句子，because of 后跟名词或者名词短语 他没来上学是因为他病了。 He didn't come to school because he was ill. He didn't come to school because of illness. 即时演练D 1．Tony never spends money on buying books he doesn't like reading. A.but B.because C.though D.because of 2．We can't go camping the bad weather. A.but B.because C.though D.because of 3． she didn't go to see her father she was very busy yesterday. A.Because, so B.So, because C./, so D./, because 4． the heavy snow, we didn't go to school. A.Because B.Because of C.For D.Since 5．Because it is raining, we have to put off the sports meeting. A.so B./ C.and D.then 6．I will go to the party alone you don't want to go. A.until B.since C.however D.whether 7． everybody is here, let's begin our meeting. A.Because B.Since C.For D Because of 8．He found it difficult to read, his eyesight was beginning to fail A.and B.for C.but D.or 9．He couldn't t walk his broken leg. A.because B.since C for D.because of 10.I didn't go to school yesterday （因为我生病了）. 四、让步状语从句 所谓让步，就是“退一步说......”的意思，有一种转折关系在里面。 引导的连词主要有：though；although；as；while；even if；even though；whether...or...；no matter＋疑问词；疑问词-ever 1．though，although，while表示“虽然，纵然”之意。 ① Although和though两个词可以互换。两者不能与but连用，但可以和yet，still连用。 Although／Though he is very old，(yet) he is quite strong.他虽然年纪大了，身体还很健壮。 Although he was ill，he still went to school. 虽然他生病了，他仍然去上学。 ② while 表示“尽管”，多放于句首。 While the work was difficult，it was interesting. 尽管这工作很困难，缺很有意思。 2．as，though表示“虽然……但是”，“纵使……”之意。 as 引导的让步状语从句必须要部分倒装。即【名词/冠词/形容词/副词/动词+as+主语+谓语】 though引导的从句可以倒装，也可以不倒装。 although引导的从句不需要倒装。 Although/though it was raining hard, they went on playing football. 尽管雨下得很大，但是他们还是去踢足球。 Young though/as she is, she has travelled to many countries. 虽然她很年轻，她已经去了很多个国家旅游。 3． even if, even though 在日常的使用中，两者通常可以互换。 even if 从句的内容通常是假设性的，表示“即使，纵然”，有时引导的从句需要用虚拟语气even though 从句的内容往往是真实的，引出不利于主句情况的信息，表示“尽管，虽然” She is in good shape even though she doesn't get much exercise. 尽管她不怎么锻炼，但是她身体不错。 We wouldn't lose heart even if we should fail ten times．我们不会失去信心即使失败10次。 4．whether...or...表示“不论是否……”，“不管是……还是……”之意。 You will have to join in this party whether you're free or busy. 不管你忙不忙，都要参加这个派对。 5．“no matter+疑问词”或“疑问词-ever”“不管……都……” Don't trust him，whatever／no matter what he says. 无论他说什么都不要相信他。 No matter how/ However hard the work is, you'd better try to do it well. 无论这个工作多么难，你最好尽力去做好它。 【注意】 （1）however 相当于no matter how，其后要接形容词或者副词，译为“无论多么……” 其结构有两种 ① however＋形容词＋主语＋be However rich he is，he wants to earn more money. 无论他多有钱，他想要挣更多的钱。 ② however＋副词＋主语＋行为动词 However hard he worked，he didn't pass the exam. 无论他多么努力，他考试还是不及格。 此外，however译为“然而，但是”时，其后有逗号。 However, my father didn't agree. 但是，我的父亲不同意。 （2）“no matter＋疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，而“疑问词-ever”还可以引导名词性从句（宾语从句，主语从句，表语从句）。 Whatever (=No mater what) you say，I will believe you. 无论你说什么，我都会相信你。 （whatever引导让步状语从句） I'll eat whatever you give me. 我会吃你给我的东西。 （动词后跟句子，这个句子是宾语从句，只能用whatever引导，不能用no matter what） 即时演练E 1．We won't give up we should fail ten times. A.even if B.as C.though D.until 2． , he knows a lot. A.Young although he is B.As he is young C.Young as he is D.Young is though he 3． difficult the task may be, we will try our best to finish it. A.No mater B.Although C.Though D.However 4． he was still half drunk, he made his way home. A.When B.Because C.Though D.As 5． we grow older,we grow wiser. A.With B.Since C.While D.As 6．Mary spends a lot of money on clothes her family is not rich. A.because B.though C.if D.so 7． life in a new country can be difficult, it can broaden a person's view of the world. A.If B.Since C.Because D.While 8． （无论你做什么），I will support you. 9． （即使下雨了），they still went camping. 10. （无论你多迟），your mother will wait for you. 五、结果状语从句 1．常用引导词：so that（以至于）；so...that；such...that（如此...以致于...） 2．so．．．that 和 such...that的区别 ① so＋形容词／副词＋that从句 Latiao is so spicy that I can't eat it.辣条太辣了，我都吃不了。 She walked so quickly that I couldn't catch up with her.她走太快了以致于我都不能追上她。 ②so＋形容词＋a／an＋可数名词单数＋that从句 She is so good a teacher that everyone likes her.她是一个如此好的一个老师，每个人都喜欢她。 ③such＋a／an＋adj＋可数名词单数＋that从句 She is such a shy girl that she is afraid of taking to others. 她是如此的害羞以致于不敢和别人聊天。 It is such a hot day that I want to go swimming. 这个天太热了，我想去游泳。 ④such＋adj＋可数名词复数／不可数名词＋that从句 They are such cute dogs that we all like them.它们是如此的可爱的狗狗，我们都喜欢他们。 It is such fine weather that I want to go swimming.如此好的一个天气，我想去游泳。 【注意】名词前有 many/much；little/few修饰，只能用so He gave me so little time that I couldn't finish it on time他给我太少的时间了，我不能准时完成。 即时演练F 一、用so，such，such a 或者 such an 填空。 1．He was excited that he couldn't get sleep. 2．He ran quickly that I couldn't catch up with him. 3．This is interesting film that we all can't wait to see it. 4．It was bad weather that he had to stay at home. 5．Tom is lazy boy that he never does anything. 6．I have much money that I can afford it. 7．He is hard-working a boy that he never fails to pass exams. 二、单项选择。 1．He had that he could almost touch the ceiling. A.such long arms B.so long arms C.so a long arm D.such long arm 2．It is that everyone likes reading it. A.such interesting book B.so a interesting book C.such an interesting book D.so interesting book 3．It was that we went swimming. A.such a fine weather B.such fine weather C.so fine weather D.so fine a weather 六、条件状语从句 1．常用引导词：if（如果），unless（除非），as long as（只要） （1）if（如果） ①引导的从句中的谓语动词常用一般现在时表将来，主句通常是一般将来时，即主句和从句的时态遵循“主将从现” She will come to see you if she has time. ---主将从现 她会来看我的如果她有时间。 ②主句还可以是含有情态动词，或者是祈使句，从句中的动词还是用一般现在时。 You can pass the exam if you work hard. ---主情从现 如果你学习努力，你可以通过考试。 Let's take a rest if you feel tired. ---主祈从现 如果你感觉到累了，我们就休息。 （2）unless（除非...否则...） You won't pass the exam unless you work hard. 除非你努力学习，否则你不会通过考试的。 You can't catch the train unless you hurry up. 除非你快点，否则你不能赶上车。 【注意】unless 可以和if...not 替换。 You won't pass the exam unless you work hard.=You won't pass the exam if you don't work hard. 如果你不努力学习，你不会通过考试。 即时演练G 一、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1． You can take my car as long as you (drive) carefully. 2． What will we do if it (rain) tomorrow? 3． You (not pass) the exam unless you work hard. 4． You can't be on time （除非你早点起床）. 二、同义句替换 1．You will never get there unless you get up early.（同义句替换） 2．She can't be thin unless she eats less.（同义句替换） 七、地点状语从句 地点状语从句常用 where，wherever等连词引导。 You can sit where you like. 你可以坐你喜欢的地方。 You could find it where you left it. 你可以在你遗留它的地方找到。 Wherever you go, I will be with you. 无论你去那里，我都跟着你。 即时演练H 1．她在丢了护照的地方找到了她的护照。（passport 护照 翻译句子） 2．司机应该在有学校的地方慢行。 Drivers should slow down . 3．He lived where the climate is mild．（英译中） 八、方式状语从句 方式状语从句用as，as if／as though，just as...so, as...so引导 （1）as照……方式 Please do as what I told you. 请按我告诉你的做。 （2）（just）as...so...结构位于句首，as翻译为“正如...就像...” As water is to fish，so air is to man. 我们离不开空气，犹如鱼离不开水。 Just as we sweep our rooms, so we sweep backward ideas from our minds. 正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中的落后的想法。 （2）as if／as though 译为“仿佛……似的，好像……似的” ◆引导的状语从句是与现在事实相反，谓语动词则用虚拟语气，即动词用过去时，be动词用were；与过去事实相反，动词用had done。 ◆如果所说的是真的或可能成为现实，谓语动词则常规变化。 She loves the boy as if/as though she were his mother.（与现在事实相反） 她爱这男孩，就好像她是他的妈妈一样。 It looks as if the weather will rain soon.（有可能发生） 天看起来好像要下雨了。 即时演练I 1． I don't know why she's looking at me as if she (know) me. 2． She behaves as if she (be) a boss. 3． He acts like a bird as if she (can) fly. 4． The teacher asked us to observe what he was doing and did he did. A.as soon as B.even though C.as D.as though 综合练习--单项选择 1． you always eat too much, you may be ill. A.Before B.If C.As D.Where 2． it was night,they stopped working. A.As B.But C.And D.If 3． The teacher had already left I got to his office. A.before B.since C.after D.while 4． I have known him he was a boy. A.when B. since C.before D.while 5． He's listening to the music she's cleaning the house. A.after B.that C.before D.while 6． Would you please look after my dog I am out? A.that B.where C.while D.if 7．I'll give the book to him as soon as I him. A.see B.saw C.am going to see D.seeing 8．We'll have a picnic on the park if it fine tomorrow. A.is B.will be C.must be D.be 9．Jim may fall behind the other boys in his class when he back from England next week. A.comes B.will go C.goes D.will come 10.The sports meeting three days if it is fine. A.lasts B.will last C.lasted D.lasting 11.I him since we last met in 2000. A.won't see B.didn't see C.don't see D.haven't seen 12.I can't use your pen there is no ink in it. A.for B.since C.as D.because 13.He put his bag away it was dry. A.where B.when C.since D.until 14.Don't get off until the bus . A.will stop B.is stopping C.is going to stop D.stops 15.You shouldn't jump a queue you have something important. A.if B.unless C.so D.where 16.It fifteen years since I taught in the school. A.will B.was C.has D.is 17. he is young, he knows a lot of things. A.As B.Because C.Although D.If 18.He made great progress we were all very happy. A.as,that B.so,as C.such,that D.so,that 19.It is that I don't want to go out. A.so a bad day B.such bad day C.so bad a day D.such a bay days 20.The teacher told us that we all laughed. A.so a funny story B.such funny a story C.so funny story D.such a funny story 参考答案 即时演练A 1-5 ADDDA 即时演练B 一、单项选择。 1-4 DCBC 二、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1．gets to 2．sat down 3.became 三、翻译句子 1．until my mother came home 2．when I was planting flowers in the morning 3．since she moved to China 即时演练C 1-2 BB 3．so that I can have time to have dinner． 4．so that I can see him 5．to improve my self/ so that I can improve myself 即时演练D 1-5 BDDBB 6-9 BBBD 10.because I was ill / because of illness 即时演练E 1-5 ACDCD 6-7 BD 8．No matter what you do/whatever you do 9．Even if/Even though/Although/Though it rained/was raining 10．No matter how late you are/however late you are 即时演练F 一、1．so 2.so 3.such an 4.such 5.such a 6.so 7.so 二、选择题 1-3ACB 即时演练G 一、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1．drive 2．rains 3．won't pass 4．unless you get up early 二、同义句替换。 1． You will never get there if you don't get up early． 2． She can't be thin if she doesn't eat less． 即时演练H 1． She found her passport where she left it． 2． where there are schools． 3．他居住在气候宜人的地方 即时演练I 1．knew 2．was 3．could 4．C 综合练习 1-5 BAABD 6-10 DAACB 11-15 DDADB 16-20 DCCCD 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$