专题15 祈使句与感叹句-【决胜春考】2025年春季高考英语冲刺总复习（广东小高考专用）

专题15 祈使句与感叹句 ◆祈使句 一、定义 表示愿望、命令、请求、警告、禁止等语气的句子。主语一般是you，通常省略，以动词原形开头。 二、结构 1．肯定结构 （1）Do型（动词原形开头） Sit down，please. 请坐下。 Go and wash your hands. 去洗手。 【注意】：有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下，动词可省略。 如：This way，please.＝Go this way please.请这边走。 （2）Be型（Be+形容词） Be patient！耐心点。 Be quiet，please！请安静。 （3）Let型（Let＋宾格＋动原） Let him go. 让他走 Let's go. 我们走吧。 2．否定结构： (1) Don’t do型／Don’t be型 Don't go this way.不要走这条路。 Don't be sad.不要伤心。 （2）Let 宾格 not do sth／Don't let 宾格 do sth Let us not say anything about that.我们别说那件事情了。 Don't let them play with the fire.不要让他们玩火。 （3）有些可用no／never开头，用来表示禁止性的祈使句。 No smoking！禁止吸烟！ Never go that way！禁止走那条路。 三、祈使句的答语： 回答祈使句时，要用一般将来时，肯定回答：“Yes，I will.”；否定回答用“Sorry，I won't.”。 例子：---Don't take photos？ ---Sorry, I won't. ---Remember to take photos. ---Yes, I will. 综合练习： 1．John, your head to find out solutions, please. A.Using B.Used C.Uses D.Use 2． up now or we'll be late for the bus. A.Gets B.Get C.To get D.Getting 3．Becky, the car! An old man is waiting to cross the road. A.stops B.stop C.don't stop D.doesn't stop 4． climb the tree. It is dangerous. A.Doesn't B.Not C.Don't D.Isn't 5． your umbrella, or you will catch a cold on rainy day. A.Take B.To take C.Taking D.Takes 6．--- dressed now! We have to go in ten minutes. ---OK, Mom. A.Getting B.Get C.To get D.Gets 7． to smile at your life when you are in trouble, and you will soon be happy again. A.Try B.To try C.Trying D.Tried 8． play basketball in the street next time. You may get hit by a car. A.Do B.Don't C.Must D.Mustn't 9． Let's say anything about it. A.doesn’t B.no C.don’t D.not 10．Go wash your hands. A.while B.or C.and D.but 参考答案 1-5 DBBCA 6-10 BABDC ◆感叹句 一、定义 表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子叫感叹句，句末用感叹号。 二、结构 感叹句由 How或者 what 来引导，译为“多么……” （一）How 引导的 1．How＋形容词＋主语＋谓语（be动词）！ How beautiful you are！ 你多么好看啊！ 2．How＋副词＋主语＋谓语（行为动词）！ How fast he ran！他跑得多快啊！ 3．How＋句子 How time flies！时间飞快啊！ （二）What 引导的 1．What＋a／an＋形容词＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语（be）！ What a fat cat it is！多么胖的一只猫啊！ What an honest man he is！多么诚实的一个男人啊！ 2．What＋形容词＋不可数名词／可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语！ What fresh air it is！ 多么新鲜的空气啊！ What cute cats they are！多么可爱的猫猫们啊！ 【注意】：感叹句往往省略主语和谓语。 例如：What fresh air!＝What fresh air it is！多么新鲜的空气啊！ 三、判断选择how还是what的方法--------“一找二切三判断” 一找：找到主谓 二切：在主语前分开； 三判断：主语前是形容词或副词，则用how；若是名词，则用what 【注意】：如果发现没有主语和谓语，说明省略了，直接看最后一个单词。 综合练习： 一、填入适当的词完成下列感叹句。 1． difficult homework we had yesterday! 2． cute dog it is! 3． interesting the story is! 4． bad the weather in London is! 5． honest boy he is! 6． good time we had! 7． exciting news you've brought to us! 8． cool your new car is! 二、选择填空。 1． fast the boy ran! A.How B.How an C.What D.What an 2． well you sing! A.How B.How an C.What D.What an 3． delicious the cake is! A.How B.How an C.What D.What an 4． foolish they were! A.How B.How an C.What D.What an 5． difficult questions they are! I can't answer them. A.How B.How an C.What D.What an 6 lovely weather we are having these days! A.How B.How an C.What D.What an 7． beautiful your new dress is! A.How B.How an C.What D.What an 8． interesting work it is! A.How B.How an C.What D.What an 9． lovely girl she is! A.How B.What a C.What D.What an 10． can you be so silly! A.How B.What a C.What D.What an 参考答案 一、填入适当的词完成下列感叹句。 1．What 2．What a 3.How 4.How 5.What an 6.What a 7.What 8.How 二、选择填空。 1-5 AAAAC 6-10 CACBA 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$