专题02 阅读理解（说明文&议论文）（期末真题好题速递）-【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年高一英语上学期期末真题分类汇编（江苏专用）

江苏省2023-2024上学期期末考试英语试题 01 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·南京市·期末统考) C Regularly heading a football leads to a measurable drop in brain function over two years in active players, and could increase the risk of dementia(痴呆)in later life, a study led by Doctor Michael Lipton, a researcher from Columbia University has found. West Bromwich Albion player Jeff Astle died at the age of 59 after having developed a brain disease. A doctor said that his heading of footballs during his career had damaged his brain and ruled that he had died from an “industrial disease”. The researchers took 148 footballers with an average age of 27, three quarters of whom were male and a quarter female. They developed a questionnaire to figure out how often these football players headed the ball. The players were given memory and learning tests, and took a form of MRI scanning(扫描), which can examine the brain structure by recording the movement of water molecules(分子)through the tissue. They then took the same tests again two years later. “Our analysis(分析)found that high levels of heading over the two-year period were connected with changes in structure similar to findings seen in brain injuries,” said Doctor Michael Lipton. “High levels of heading were also connected with a drop in learning performance. This is the first study to show a change of brain structure over the long term related to head damage in soccer.” “There is wide concern for brain injury in the potential for soccer heading to cause long-term adverse effects on brains in particular,” Lipton explained. That has led the Football Association to put a ban(禁令)on heading for children under 12 in youth teams. The England Football website recently notes of its trial to ban heading for children that it “can support the development of more skillful players ... contributing to the improved technical ability of our young players.” 28. Why does the author mention Jeff Astle? A. To compare him with other 148 players. B. To support Doctor Michael’s findings. C. To explain what industrial disease is. D. To memorize a talented player. 29. How did the researchers carry out the study? A. By reviewing previous results. B. By controlling activities of the brain. C. By grouping male and female football players. D. By conducting medical checkups of the brain. 30. What is the main focus of the study on footballers? A. The influence of heading on brain discases. B. The potential to suffer dementia in their school life. C. The long-term effect of heading on brain structure. D. The lack of technical ability in young football players. 31. What does the underlined word “adverse” in paragraph 6 mean? A. Special. B. Direct. C. Protective. D. Negative. 02 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·苏州市·期末统考) C Exposure(暴露)to more light during the day and less light at night is important for healthy sleep because it helps to keep the right body clock, the study team writes in Sleep Heath. The results suggest that in the office environment, being exposed either to daylight or electric lights may be important for the health of workers. “Many office buildings may actually be moving in the direction of reducing light,” said Figueiro. “Much has been done to reduce light levels to promote energy efficiency, which is important, but we may be going too far in this direction. ” She added, “We need to start thinking about how we light our daytime environment. ” To see whether office workers get enough light to improve their sleep-wake cycle, the study team found participants(参与者)in five government office buildings across the country. A total of 109 people working at the offices wore something that could measure light for one week in summertime, and 81 of these participants repeated the experiment(实验)in winter as well. The office workers wrote down their sleep and wake time and completed a form of questions about their mood and sleep quality at the end of each study period. Researchers found that people exposed to greater amounts of light during the morning hours, between 8 am and noon, fell asleep more quickly at night compared to those exposed to low light in the morning. People getting more morning light were also less likely to report feelings of stress. Office workers exposed to high levels of light all day, from 8 am to 5 pm, also reported lower levels of sleep disorders. A lack of good quality sleep has been connected with mental and physical health problems, including those with mood, thinking and the immune system. There are many easy things we can do during the day to increase our exposure to sunlight that could have beneficial effects on mood and sleep, such as looking out of the window, seeking light during the day, especially during the morning, and going out during lunch time. 28. What is Figueiro’s attitude towards light reduction? A. Worried. B. Scared. C. Excited. D. Interested. 29. How did the researchers draw the conclusion? A. By changing workers’ sleep-wake cycle. B. By doing experiments in different seasons. C. By collecting some questions from workers. D. By designing a new light-measuring method. 30. Which of the following statements might the researchers agree with? A. People getting more morning light get tired easily. B. People getting more morning light feel less stressed. C. People exposed to less night light wake up quickly. D. People exposed to less night light have sleep disorders. 31. What is the main idea of the text? A. Many office buildings are reducing light. B. Many office workers lack good quality sleep. C. People’s sleep-wake cycle is important for health. D. Enough daylight is of great benefit to office workers. 03 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·无锡市·期末统考) C Since Zhao Hongshan’s dermal filler injection(皮肤填充注射)four years ago—he has spent around 80,000 yuan on his face. “Getting plastic surgeries is just as normal as body building. Both make men more handsome and confident,” says the 33-year-old, who owns a gym in Beijing. Zhao is among a growing number of Chinese men using plastic surgeries to change their physical appearance to increase their self-confidence. In 2021, the market for beauty medicine in China was worth more than 495 billion yuan, with males accounting for around 15 percent of customers, according to a report by plastic surgery social networking app Gengmei. There is a rising trend of young men turning to plastic surgeries; most male customers are in their teens or 20s. “Some men just want to please themselves, while others hope to improve their possibility in job hunting or dating,” says Wang Jun, vice-president of marketing for Gengmei. “Men are under the same social pressures as women and their confidence and competitiveness would be more or less weakened by facial and body weaknesses.” However, experts point out the risks of plastic surgeries. Fan Jufeng, director of the Plastic Surgery Department at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, does not encourage people, no matter men or women, to “blindly” go under the knife. According to the National Health Commission, a total of 2,772 cases related to illegal(非法的)plastic surgeries were handled by China's health departments during a year long attack that started in May 2017. Fan also warned the public of the negative influences of live streaming celebrities(流量明星)who promote the misunderstanding that being pretty goes above all else. “Whether to have plastic surgeries is a personal choice, but people should not be addicted(上瘾)to it,” Fan says. “Think twice on it. After all, a rich and beautiful inside world is far more important than a pretty face.” 28. How does the author introduce the topic of plastic surgeries? A. By giving an example. B. By providing data C. By raising a question. D. By making suggestions. 29. What does Paragraph 2 mainly focus on? A. The huge cost of men’s beauty market in China. B. The growing beauty market for the Chinese men. C. The rising trend of young men turning to plastic surgeries. D. The reason for the increasing popularity of plastic surgeries. 30. What do Wang Jun’s words show in Paragraph 3? A. The benefits of men’s plastic surgeries. B. The great social pressure for Chinese men. C. The reasons for men’s plastic surgeries. D. The misunderstanding of the short cut to success. 31. Why does Fan Jufeng advise thinking twice on plastic surgeries? A. They’re unsafe in health. B. They’re expensive in price. C. They’re wrong in beliefs. D. They’re useless in job hunting. 32. What is the best title for the text? A. Plastic Surgeries—Male vs Female B. Women’s Plastic Surgeries—Yes or No C. Plastic Surgeries—Price vs Result D. Plastic Surgeries—Blind or Not 04 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·江苏省锡山高级中学·期末校考) C A study led by a researcher from the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology has updated the fossil(化石)record of mosquitoes(蚊子)by nearly 30 million years and has discovered that ancient male mosquitoes also fed on blood. The study was published online on Monday in the journal Current Biology, which discovered the oldest-known mosquito fossils—two males dating back 130 million years near the town of Hammana in Lebanon. Dany Azar, who led the study, said the fossils not only told us the ancient origins of mosquitoes but also their feeding habits during the early stages of their growth. “We find that the mosquito group is developing, which gives us an idea about their behavior of feeding on blood” said Azar, who has been working on the subject for more than 25 years. Before the recent findings and their study, only female mosquitoes were known to feed on blood, which they need for protein to produce their eggs. Males, which lack skin-piercing(刺入皮肤的)mouthparts, mostly feed on honey and plant juices. “The feeding habits of insects, such as feeding on blood, are believed to have developed from their piercing mouthparts. However, studying the development of this behavior has been challenging due to the lack of insect fossil records.” Azar said. While reexamining the mosquito fossils last year, Azar found that their unique piercing mouthparts, very similar to those of female mosquitoes today, had been kept well. Their sharp mandibles(下颌骨)gradually disappeared over the centuries. Based on the findings, the researchers agreed that male mosquitoes fed on blood 130 million years ago. Azar, who is now a professor at the Nanjing institute, said he hopes that joint scientific explorations can be widely carried out in the future to promote more discoveries. 28. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Female mosquitoes feed on blood for protein to produce eggs. B. A minority of male mosquitoes feed on honey and plant juices. C. Two female mosquito fossils were found near the town of Hammana. D. Male mosquitoes have the same feeding habits as female mosquitoes. 29. According to Azar, why is the study on the development of feeding on blood challenging? A. Because his team lacks money. B. Because there is no talent studying it. C. Because his team wants to study another subject. D. Because his team is short of insect fossil records. 30. What conclusion can we draw from mosquito fossils? A. Female mosquitoes fed on blood 130 million years ago. B. Male mosquitoes’ sharp mouthparts gradually disappeared. C. The mouthparts of the female mosquitoes have been kept well. D. Male mosquitoes once shared similar mouthparts with female today. 31. What’s the article mainly about? A. The mosquito group is developing. B. Ancient male mosquitoes probably fed on blood. C. The oldest-known mosquito fossils were discovered. D. Female and male mosquitoes share similar feeding habits now. 05 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·常州市·期末统考) C The Longtaitou Festivl, which means “dragon-raises head” in Chinese, is a traditional Chinese festival held on the second day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar. So, it’s also called Eryueer Festival. In Chinese culture, the dragon is an auspicious(吉利的)animal that dominates clouds and rains. The 2nd day of the 2nd lunar month is thought to be the day when dragon awakes and raises its head according to the Chinese folk legend. So the day is called Dragon Heads-raising Day. After the day, spring is coming and there will be more and more rain. People think these credits(功劳)go to the dragon. So the day is also called Spring Dragon Festival. Since the Tang Dynasty(618-907 AD), Chinese people have had the custom of spending the Spring Dragon Festival. The most popular custom on the Dragon Heads-raising Day is cutting hair. Dragon is highly honored for its dignity(尊贵)and power for good. It is thought to be auspicious to cut hair on the Dragon Heads-raising Day. Luck and opportunities will always knock you in the year. So, on that day, barbershops’(理发店的)businesses are growing and full of customers. The most common foods for celebrating the festival are popcorns, pancakes, noodles, dumplings, fired soy beans and pig’s head. People in different areas have different traditions about the food on the day. In Beijing, people eat Lvdagunr(Glutinous Rice Rolls with Sweet Bean Flour)and spring pancakes on the day. In Shanxi, people like to eat fried dough twists(油条)and pancakes. In Shandong, fried soy beans, noodles and dumplings are the festival food. In Fuzhou, the salted porridge made of glutinous rice, celery, scallion, garlic, fry dried shrimps and shredded meat is eaten. These show people’s hope to be blessed(保佑)with favorable weather and plentiful grain harvest by the dragon. 28. Which of the following is true about the Longtaitou Festival? A. It dates back to Song Dynasty. B. It is celebrated for two days. C. It attracts fewer people than other festivals. D. It suggests the return of spring. 29. Why do people cut hair on the Dragon Heads-raising Day? A. It is the most popular custom. B. It is in honor of dragon’s dignity and power. C. It is people’s wish for luck and opportunities. D. It is a sign of barbershops’ prospering businesses. 30. What can we infer from the third paragraph about the Longtaitou Festival? A. People in China share the similar traditional foods on he day. B. Foods for celebrating the festival usually bear people’s best wishes. C. Salted foods are used to celebrate the festival throughout China. D. Traditional foods on the day are prepared for the dragon to eat. 31. What might be the best title for the text? A. The Dragon Heads-raising Day. B. The celebrations of the Longtaitou Festival. C. The origin of the Longtaitou Festival. D. The purpose of the Dragon Heads-raising Day. 06 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·常州溧阳市·期末统考) C Here’s an all-too-familiar situation: You excitedly packed for your beach trip. Luckily, you remembered all the necessities: socks, underwear, a phone charger and your passport, etc. But upon arrival, you realized you forgot to bring your toothbrush. In a new study, researchers suggest offloading important to-do items—for example, by setting reminders on your phone—could clear brain space to better remember the little things, like your toothbrush. To prove this, the researchers developed a memory task to be played on a touch screen computer. The test was undertaken by 158 volunteers aged between 18 and 71. They were shown 12 numbered circles on the screen, and had to remember to drag some of these to the left and some to the right. The number of circles that they remembered to drag to the correct side decided their rewards at the end of the experiment. One side was “high value’, meaning that remembering to drag a circle to this side was worth 10 times as much money as remembering to drag a circle to the other “low value” side. Volunteers performed this task 16 times. They had to use their own memory to remember at half of the trials and they were allowed to set reminders on the external digital devices for the other half. The researchers found volunteers tended to use the digital devices to store details of the high-value circles. And, when they did so, their memory for those circles was improved by 18%. “What was unexpected was that their memory for low-value circles was also improved by 27%, even in those who had never set any reminders for low-value circles,” said Sam Gilbect. However, results also showed a potential cost to using reminders. When reminders were taken away, the volunteers remembered the low-value circles better than the high-value ones. “Far from causing digital dementia(痴呆), using a memory device can even improve our memory for information that we never saved. But we need to be careful that we back up the most important information. Otherwise, if a memory tool fails, we could be left with nothing but less important  information in our own memory,” Gilbert said. 28. The situation in paragraph 1 is described to show that ________. A. our memory is incorrect sometimes B. our memory has a certain preference C. our memory has an order of importance D. our memory is likely to weaken over time 29. What can we learn about the experiment? A. Volunteers’ performance was connected with their ages. B. Volunteers tended to set reminders for low-value circles. C. Volunteers were not allowed to use devices in the experiment. D. Dragging high-value circles to the correct side would win more awards. 30. What surprised the researchers? A. Digital devices did harm to the brain when used improperly. B. Volunteers tended to remember low-value information better. C. Volunteers’ memory for low-value content was improved too. D. Volunteers tended to use digital devices for high-value information. 31. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. We rely too much on to-do lists B. Digital reminders are replacing human memory C. Overuse of technology leads to digital dementia D. Using digital reminders helps improve our memory 07 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·镇江市·期末统考) C Mammoth Cave National Park, in the state of Kentucky, is a unique and historical natural wonder. It has the world’s longest cave system. There may be another 600 miles of cave passageways that have yet to be explored. In addition, more than 200 caves that are disconnected from the larger system can be found in the park. The underground caves were created naturally by the process of limestone(石灰岩)erosion. Rain and rivers slowly dissolve(溶解)and shape soft limestone. The system is still being shaped today. Not only are they an amazing destination to visit, but the system also provides drinking water for about 40% of the US population. The caves’ first explorers were Native Americans, who mined(采矿)the upper levels of Mammoth Cave. Later, the sites were left in great shape and began to draw public interest. Mammoth Cave was made into a national park thanks to strong support. Back in the 1920s, the Southern Appalachian National Park Commission was set up in 1925. After years of work, as well as building roads and public facilities, the park was completed on July 1, 1941. The park now receives around 2 million visitors a year, with about a quarter taking a tour of the caves—everything from a cultural tour to the more adventurous tours on offer. The cave supports more than 130 wildlife species(物种). The park is also much more than just a cave; the forest around has a diverse(多种多样的)range of species. There are miles of trails open for horseback riding, with canoe trails and great fishing spots. There are also more than 1,300 flowering species in the forest, and animals like wood warblers, thrushes, and bald eagles can regularly be seen. 28. What can we learn about Mammoth Cave from the first two paragraphs? A. It was made by ancient people. B. It has the length of 600 miles. C. It is made up of 200 connected caves. D. It has a large underground system. 29. How do the caves form? A. Explorers mine the upper levels. B. The government searches for drinkable water. C. Water dissolves limestone. D. People build roads and public facilities. 30. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. More than 1,300 flowers grow in the caves. B. The park offers visitors diverse experiences. C. Most visitors come to the park just for caves. D. Two million people have visited the park till now. 31. What is the best title for the text? A. Planning cave tours around the world B. Exploring the world’s longest cave system C. Learning about the explorers of Mammoth Cave D. Predicting the future of Mammoth Cave National Park 08 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·南通市·期末统考) C A famous health tip says you’d better drink eight glasses of water(about two liters)a day. However, the results of a new study suggest that fewer are needed. An international group led by scientists at the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology in China found that the average daily water intake of a man in his 20s should be 1.5 to 1.8 liters, while it should be 1.3 to 1.4 liters for a female in the same age group. The study published recently in the Journal Science described, for the first time, a set of equations(方程组)to predict human water turnover, a sign reflecting the amount of water used by the body each day. The researchers investigated 5,604 participants from the ages of 8 days to 96 years from more than 20 countries, using isotope(同位素)-tracking methods. They have found that a man aged 20 to 35 consumes 4.2 liters of water each day, while a woman aged 30 to 60 consumes 3.3 liters, with the water requirements dropping as he or she ages. Since the metabolism(新陈代谢)and water exchange on skin can provide 15 percent, while food and drinking respectively contributing half of the remaining 85 percent, people are encouraged to drink less than 45 percent of the total daily turnover, according to the researchers. “The majority of people perhaps don’t have to drink eight glasses of water a day,” says Zhang Xueying, co-first author of the paper and an assistant research fellow at the SIAT. The total water input and output change according to a number of factors, including body size, physical activity, air temperature and altitude(海拔), according to the study. “The equations can be applied to individuals around the world,” says Zhang. However, people living in countries with a low human development index(指数)have higher water turnover than people in developed countries, she adds. The study challenges the long-standing belief and marks the first step towards a personalized prediction of water requirements, says John Speakman, who also works at the SIAT. 28. How did the researchers carry out the study? A. By offering examples. B. By analyzing figures. C. By performing interviews. D. By making predictions. 29. Why do most people drink less than eight glasses of water per day? A. Their daily diets are rich in protein. B. Their bodies don’t need so much water. C. They belong to different age groups. D. They take in water from various sources. 30. What can we learn from paragraph 4? A. Living conditions influence human water turnover. B. The equations are used to determine water turnover. C. Body size is unlikely to change the output of water. D. Temperature has nothing to do with the input of water. 31. What does John Speakman think of the study? A. It has a long way to go. B. It remains a riddle. C. It wins public support. D. It is beyond control. 09 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·南通海安市·期末统考) C(原卷为B篇) Summer is always a busy travel season, but even at peak times like July, that doesn’t necessarily mean you’ll see lots of hotels with No Vacancy(空房)signs. More and more travelers are choosing instead to stay in vacation rentals: decorated private houses, rooms, or apartments that only you and your party share for the period of your stay. Or you can get adventurous and book a cabin, a tree house, a houseboat, or even a castle. The idea appeared in 2007, when Brian Chesky and Joe Gebbia, the owners of a hotel, realizing that a San Francisco tech meeting would make hotel rooms in the area harder to come by, let travelers sleep on air mattresses(充气床垫)in their apartment for a fee. They called it Air Bed and Breakfast, and the company—now known as Airbnb—is worth almost $100 billion today and has six million listings worldwide. More space is a major attraction of this accommodation(住宿): the average hotel room measures just 330 square feet, while the average vacation rental room tops 1,300. And in 20 of the largest U. S. cities, average daily rates are comparable to(or slightly lower than)those of hotels. If you’re willing to share your own digs while you’re away, Love Home Swap pairs you with like-minded travelers for stays in each other’s homes for a membership fee as low as $ 11 per month. If you’d like to list your home, check your local zoning laws, as some areas have strict rules on short-term rentals. In parts of Honolulu, a new law taking effect in October will up the minimum stay to 90 days. 28. What can we learn from Paragraph 1? A. Vacation rentals have replaced hotels nowadays. B. Travelers have more options of where to live now. C. Hotels have no empty rooms during travel seasons. D. Instead of staying in rentals, travelers choose private rooms. 29. What inspired Chesky and Gebbia to start vacation rentals? A. The presence of the Airbnb. B. The requirement of travelers. C. The shortage of hotel rooms. D. The popularity of air mattresses. 30. If you want to use Love Home Swap, you should ______. A. become its member first B. rent your house for free C. list your house for at least 90 days D. find partners with the similar ideas 31. What’s the purpose of the passage? A. To list the various rentals for travelers. B. To urge hotels to take on more vacation rentals. C. To compare two different ways to spend vacation. D. To introduce a new trend on vacation accommodation. 10 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·南通海安市·期末统考) C A hollow(空洞)halfway up a tree might seem like a strange place to look for a water-loving animal, but the results of a new survey have showed that common toads(蟾蜍)in the U. K. are skillful tree climbers. The surprising discovery was made by researchers from the University of Cambridge, working with Froglife, a charity devoted to amphibians(animals such as frogs and toads that divide their time between being on land and in water). The team looked at reports from volunteers who were studying special nest boxes as part of the National Dormouse(睡鼠)Monitoring Program and the Bat Tree habitat Key project. “We couldn’t believe what we found,” said Nida Alfulaij, a scientist who supported the work. “We’re used to discovering woodland birds and other small mammals in nest boxes, but we hadn’t considered finding amphibians in them.” More than 50 common toads were found in very unexpected places: in parts of trees that are usually used by bats, in nest boxes designed for dormice, and even in old birds’ nests. That’s such a surprisingly high number that the researchers think tree-climbing must be a common toad habit—it’s just never been noticed before. The researchers say this shows how sharing data between surveys with different aims can lead to new discoveries—even about species that experts believe they know well. Through the discoveries the researchers also have a clear understanding of how important tree hollows, cracks and holes are to all sorts of animals. It’s still unclear how easy the toads find it to climb—they were spotted up to 3 meters high in trees but this was as far up as the volunteers were looking, so they could be going even higher. Why do the kind of toads climb the trees? The researchers have some guesses, such as looking for food, hiding from hunters or avoiding pests such as the toad fly. It is still a puzzle. 28. What do we know about the new study? A. It relied on the early studies of the team. B. It came as no surprise to the researchers. C. It resulted from the data of other surveys. D. It proves what experts have known before. 29. Which of the following statements about toads is TRUE? A. Trees are believed to be toads’ best place to live in. B. They climb trees to keep bats and dormice company. C. The proper number of toads living together is 50 or so. D. The toads may have formed the habit of climbing before. 30. What may the team research about common toads in the future? A. Other living habits. B. The reasons for climbing. C. The ways to avoid pests. D. More examples of the finding. 31. Where may be the passage taken from? A. A science journal about biology. B. A paper about the habitats of birds. C. A fiction about amphibians animals. D. A course about the significance of trees. 11 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·扬州市·期末统考) C(原卷为B篇) The brain might be the place where memories are stored, and its health and efficiency depend a lot on the general health of the body. Put simply, what’s good for the body is good for the brain. Regular physical exercise doesn’t just build muscles and keep weight in check. It also protects memory and thinking skills. Research at the University of British Columbia found that regular aerobic exercise, the kind that increases your heart rate, also increases the size of the brain’s hippocampus(海马体). And a University of Maryland study found that memory improved in older adults after a 12-week exercise program. If you’re not into running or even fast walking, how about dancing? It turns out that taking a dance class may be one of the best activities you can do for your brain. A research team at the Albert Einstein School of Medicine looked at the effects of physical activity on preventing memory loss, and found that ballroom dancing was particularly effective, leading to enhancements in memory, attention and focus. “Dancing combines physical activity, learning something new, and social engagement,” says Dr. Salinas, a neurologist at NYU Langone Health. “The more of these factors an activity has, the better off you will be.” Sleep is also important for memory formation, especially long-term memory formation. When you’re asleep, the brain runs the tape of what it recorded during the day, gets rid of information that isn’t relevant and then stores other information for the long term. Besides, doing those mentally engaging activities, such as playing crossword puzzles, can also help keep our minds active. Learning a new language is often regarded as an ideal activity for brain health. “Doing something new and challenging contributes to forming new pathways in the brain, helping information go from one part of the brain to another,” says Dr. Salinas. While genetics(基因学)and family history play some roles in the risk of memory problems, so do plenty of other factors. Addressing any of these may make your memory sharper. 28. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? (①—Paragraph 1; ②—Paragraph 2; ③—Paragraph 3; ④—Paragraph 4; ⑤—Paragraph 5; ⑥—paragraph 6; ⑦—Paragraph 7) A. B. C. D. 29. What does the underlined word “enhancements” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Improvements. B. Effects. C. Troubles. D. Skills. 30. Why does the author mention Dr. Salinas’ words in Paragraph 4? A. To explain why dancing is one of the best activities for brain. B. To show which activity is likely to bring us the most benefits. C. To suggest that we should dance instead of doing other exercise. D. To conclude that the more activities we do, the healthier we will be. 31. Why is learning a new language regarded as an ideal activity for brain health? A. Because it helps store information. B. Because it is not very challenging. C. Because it makes use of pathways. D. Because it keeps our minds active. 12 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·扬州市·期末统考) C In 2019, Air Company gained public attention when it produced vodka(伏特加)from carbon in the air, in order to reduce the amount of the harmful greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. Today, the company has begun using the same process to make fuel(燃料)for airplanes. Air Company’s clean aircraft fuel, which was recently tested, could some day help the airline industry achieve its goal of net zero carbon emissions(排放)by 2050. Currently, the airline industry accounts for about 3% of total global carbon emissions each year, and mainly uses traditional, fossil-based fuels. A number of producers of clean aircraft fuel have come out in recent years, many of whom use something like plant material and cooking oil. But Air Company’s production process starts by pulling harmful carbon emissions out of the air. The company first harvests carbon, mostly from industrial settings. It then takes water, separates the hydrogen from the oxygen, and puts the carbon together with the hydrogen and other mixtures. After that, it distills(蒸馏)that solution down. The final products are ethyl alcohol(乙醇)to make the company’s vodka and other products such as perfume, as well as paraffin, which forms the basis of its aircraft fuel. By the time a plane has flown using Air Company’s fuel, it will have given off the same amount of carbon dioxide(CO2)back into the atmosphere as was acquired to make the fuel. “Already, some of the world’s biggest airlines are supporting Air Company’s dream. They have agreed to buy millions of gallons of its fuel in the coming years.” The company manager says, “However, to get to those large industrial markets like aircraft fuel, traditionally known as the hottest industry to get green, is a long way to go. It’s going to take time, money and effort.” 28. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A. Air Company is famous for producing vodka. B. Air Company no longer uses traditional fuels. C. Air Company’s fuel is likely to be environmentally friendly. D. Air Company accounts for 3% of total global carbon emissions. 29. What does the underlined part “that solution” refer to in Paragraph 4? A. Ethyl alcohol forming the aircraft fuel. B. Hydrogen that is separated from water. C. Oxygen, hydrogen, carbon and ethyl alcohol. D. Mix of carbon, hydrogen and other mixtures. 30. What can be inferred from the manager’s words in the last paragraph? A. Major Airlines have already put Air Company’s fuel into use. B. It takes time for Air Company’s fuel to be used on regular flights. C. The fuel produced by Air Company is sure to be very expensive. D. Air company alone will be able to occupy the aircraft fuel markets. 31. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Air Company: Make Air Travel Green B. Air Company’s Carbon Production Dream C. Air Company’s Environmental Supporters D. Air Company: Make Traditional Fuels Available 13 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·宿迁泗阳县·期末统考) C(原卷为B篇) In 2007, Christine Me Millan interviewed seniors about their most pressing needs, who lived in Bowling Green 2, a private apartment building. It offers great conveniences: affordable apartments and within walking distance of grocery stores, drugstores and banks. However, the 12 citizens McMillan spoke to shared a serious unaddressed problem: loneliness. Most sat in their apartments all day, watching TV and napping and living on tea, toast and cereal because they were unwilling to cook a proper meal for themselves. They were afraid of going into long-term care but couldn’t afford to move to a nursing home(养老院). “What they said really concerned me,” says McMillan. “Why couldn’t the activities and meals in the common room of a nursing home exist in the shared spaces of a private apartment building?” McMillan and her team, who named their concept Oasis, encouraged Bowling Green 2’s landlord(房东)to let the group use the common room and to change an unused space into a coffee lounge for members. In 2010, with funding(资金)from the government, they hired fulltime workers to run the program, including group exercise classes and activities like art lessons and Wii bowling. Meanwhile, Oasis partnered with St. Lawrence College, whose culinary(烹饪的)students created healthy meals for a small fee. Within the first year, the program almost doubled in size. Seventy-seven-year-old Elaine Watier, who moved into the building and joined Oasis in 2017, immediately benefited from the program, learning to play bridge and starting a craft group that makes projects for local charities and hospitals. “It’s given me a sense of worth,” she says. “And I’m never lonely.” In 2018, Oasis attracted the attention of researchers at Queen’s University. “I saw this as an perfect program to support older adults at home,” explains Catherine Donnelly, director of the school’s Health Services and Policy Research Institute, reporting the program had led to fewer falls, less inactivity, better nutrition and an increased sense of community. 28. What is probably the major concern of the 12 citizens in Bowling Green 2? A. Cooking tasty meals. B. Going to a nursing home. C. Settling extreme loneliness. D. Attending routine activities 29. What can we learn from Oasis in paragraph 3? A. It was warmly received by the senior citizens. B. It provided meals to culinary students for free. C. It received economic support from organizations. D. It hired part-time workers to operate the program. 30. Why does the author mention Elaine Watier? A. To draw more funding. B. To attract more older adults. C. To achieve a sense of worth. D. To show the benefits of Oasis. 31. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Loneliness: The Universal Issue B. McMillan: The Founder of Oasis C. Oasis: The Home of Senior Citizens D. Activities: The Art Lessons for Old People 14 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·宿迁泗阳县·期末统考) C In a world featuring endless choices, the search for simplicity has become more than just a desire—it’s a necessity. The book Yes Means Yes, Everything Else Means No explores the philosophy of simplicity and decision-making. Written by Bruce Mullen, this book goes beyond self-help clichés(陈词滥调)and offers a genuine, actionable approach to guiding life’s choices. The book recognizes decision-making as the centre of human existence and invites readers to admit each decision carries a weight. “Yes Means Yes, Everything Else Means No” sums up a sign if can’t rule—a definite “Yes” and a clear “No.” It encourages readers to focus on the “Yes” and stop readers from puting their effort into uncertain things. Another rule stressed in the book is simplicity in decision-making. By adopting simplicity, decision-makers aim to get the key information, focus on the most related factors, and avoid unnecessary aspects, enabling quicker judgments and swifter conclusions. The book is a practical guide to enhance decision-making skills. The author doesn’t merely express the philosophy but equips readers with the tools they need to apply effectively. From techniques to give preference to tasks to methods for avoiding distractions(分心), the book offers skills for simplifying the decision-making process. Through personal experiences, Mullen determined the power of simplification, guiding people to make decisions according to one’s own values and desires. Beyond individual context, this book also influences business strategies, relationship dynamics, and societal considerations. Mullen not only explores the essence of “yes means yes” but stresses the significance of making clear decisions at a crossroads. “Yes Means Yes, Everything Else Means No” is more than a book; it’s a philosophy that can change how we approach decisions. For those seeking to guide life with clarity and purpose, this book is a guiding light in the fog of in decision. 28. What are the readers encouraged to do according to paragraph 2? A. Solve uncertain matters. B. Summarize a key principle. C. Concentrate on related things. D. Make decisions independently. 29. Why is the book a practical guide to readers? A. To provide readers with life values. B. To help readers express philosophy. C. To improve readers’ critical thinking skills. D. To equip readers with decision-making skills. 30. What is paragraph 4 of the text mainly about? A. Definition of simplicity. B. Rules of making decisions. C. Benefits of stressing clarity. D. Influences of decision-making. 31. What is the article aimed at? A. Recommending a book. B. Sharing a positive attitude. C. Describing a simple lifestyle D. Solving philosophical problems. 15 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·徐州市·期末统考) C A new study from the University of Cambridge shows how small environmental changes can have great effects on human behavior. Even the rise of skateboarding is the result of the deep relationships between humans and the climate. “To make connections between climate and society, we often look into the past, but as we go further back, the evidence gets thinner,” said lead author Professor Büntgen. “We wanted to find a more modern example where we had lots of data to look at. That is how we began to study skateboarding.” As was recorded, the prosperity(繁荣)of post-war America resulted in the building of more than 150,000 swimming pools in California during the 1960s. However, California suffered the greatest drought(旱灾)in the 1970s. The government’s water agencies responded by mandating strict cuts, including a ban stopping people from filling backyard swimming pools. As a result, many of these pools were empty, making them ideal playgrounds for freestyle skateboarders. Naturally, skateboarding exploded in popularity. Büntgen said, “California used to be the center of US surf culture. The popularity and influence of surf culture was very important to the rise of skateboarding, which is why it could have only happened in California. You could have had the same drought, the same pools in somewhere like Phoenix, but since Phoenix doesn’t have a rich surf culture, professional skateboarding couldn’t have started there.” With the rise of professional skateboarding came the industrial production of polyurethane(聚氨酯)wheels, which allowed skaters to make faster turns at higher speeds than they could with earlier steel wheels. All these factors made skateboarding more popular. Nowadays, it is a multibillion-dollar industry. The example of California best shows that local climate change can have major effects on human society. 28. What is the finding of the new study? A. Climate changes affect human behavior. B. Popular games benefit greatly from droughts. C. The environment changes people’s relationships. D. Culture contributes to the industry development. 29. What does the underlined word “mandating” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Carrying out. B. Counting on. C. Sticking with. D. Getting over. 30. According to Büntgen, what is a special factor promoting skateboarding in California? A. Drought. B. Location. C. Swimming pools. D. Surf culture. 31. From which section is this text most probably taken? A. Society. B. Health. C. Education. D. Business. 16 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·盐城市阜宁县·期末统考) C There are lots of scholarship programs in the United States, but Hope Chicago is raising standards. Through the help of funding(资助)partners, they’ve been able to raise $40 million that will go toward paying the tuition(学费), room, board, and books for thousands of students in Chicago. How are these students chosen? All they have to do is go to one of the five Chicago Public Schools(CPS)that are partnered with the organization. That’s right-every single student who attends one of these five schools is able to go to one of 20 partnering colleges or trade schools at no cost, including the University of Illinois. To help encourage students to follow through with their education, each child that joins a full-time program may have one parent continue their education for free as well. The first announcement was at Benito Juarez High School. The students were so surprised by the news that they went almost totally silent and the head teacher, Juan Carlos Ocon, had to repeat what he said. Upon hearing the news for the second time, a celebration began. “That’s when the hall of more than 500 students and parents was filled with energy, hopes and dreams,” Juan said. “You could see the tears in the eyes of our students and parents.” Each person taking part in Hope Chicago is driven by their wish to “reduce economic and social inequality,” said Pete Kaden’s, one of Hope Chicago’s founders. Hope Chicago hopes to become one of many life-changing organizations to make getting an education easier. In the next ten years, they aim to spend $1bilion to send tens of thousands of students and family members to colleges or trade schools. “A scholarship program of this size has never been done before, but we are focusing on Chicago’s families most in need,” Pete said. “With that in mind, our goal is to see Hope Chicago positively influence the further education system and serve as a model for the nation.” 28. Who can get scholarships from Hope Chicago? A. Students, suffering from diseases. B. Students learning in certain schools. C. Students graduating with honors. D. Students from single-parent homes. 29. How did the students feel after Juan repeated his words? A. Terribly bored. B. Unbearably sad. C. Completely calm. D. Extremely happy. 30. What is Pete’s attitude toward Hope Chicago? A. Thankful. B. Uncaring. C. Hopeful. D. Unclear. 31. What is a suitable title for the text? A. These students just got life-changing news. B. These scholarship programs meant so much. C. Parents play a big role in educating children. D. Social inequality exists in modern education. 17 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·连云港市·期末统考) C Feeling a bit less stable(稳定的)than before? Maybe you find yourself holding on to handrails(扶手)more when going down stairs? As we get older, our balance gets worse. But how much does it matter? A lot, it turns out. If your balance isn’t great, you’re more likely to fall. That can have serious results as we age, when bones often become weak. Research has also shown that balance is important for how long we will live. A study of 1,702 people aged 51 to 75 found that people who couldn’t stand on one leg for ten seconds were nearly twice as likely to die in the next ten years. Falls could be one reason why, but that’s unlikely to be the whole story. Individuals who were in worse health were more likely to fail the ten-second test. There are three parts to balance. The first is the visual system which shows us whether we’re losing balance. Then the vestibular system(前庭系统)in the inner ear sends information to our brain about the move of our head. The third one is our body’s ability to sense its location, movement and actions. People with ear problems that cause dizziness(眩晕), or muscle weakness are more likely to have balance problems. If you suffer from dizziness, see your doctor to find out the reason. But there’s a lot you can do yourself to improve physical strength. If you exercise, you’re ahead of the game. One study found that a group that did 32 weeks of aerobic exercise increased their ability to stand on one foot by 31 per cent. Otherwise, improve your balance by walking, cycling or climbing stairs—this will strengthen muscles in the lower body-or by practising yoga or tai chi. 28. What is the function of Paragraph 1? A. To support an idea. B. To make a conclusion. C. To introduce the topic. D. To give some examples. 29. Why is the study mentioned in Paragraph 3? A. To tell the risk of early death. B. To record people’s living habits. C. To arouse concern about the senior. D. To prove the importance of balance. 30. In normal cases, who is more likely to fall? A. A short-sighted adult. B. An old man with weak muscle. C. A well-trained gymnast. D. A teenage boy with hearing loss. 31. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. How to improve your balance. B. How to strengthen your muscles. C. How to select proper ways to exercise. D. How to keep yourself ahead of a game. 18 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·盐城市五校联盟·期末联考) C How long you live has a lot to do with your environment and lifestyle, but exceptional long life may have even more to do with your genes. For the first time, researchers have discovered a genetic recipe(基因谱)that accurately predicts who live on 100 and beyond. Analysis shows that 90% of the participants who lived to 100 had at least one of the signature genetic clusters(标志基因组). Thomas Perls at the Boston University School of Medicine said, “We realize this is a complex genetic puzzle. There is a long way for us to try to understand how the combination of these genes with lifestyle factors is playing a role in this long life puzzle.” Perls has studied many factors that contribute to long life, and he is the first to acknowledge that living longer isn’t likely to be simply a matter of genes. His previous work has shown, for example, that among most elderly people who live into their 70s and 80s, about 70% can owe their long lift to lifestyle factors such as not smoking, eating a healthy, low-fat, low-calorie diet, and remaining socially engaged and mentally active throughout life. It seems clear that those who live extremely long are benefiting from a special DNA. In fact, Perls believes that the older a person gets, the more likely it is that his or her genes are contributing to those extended years. 28. Perls may most likely agree that ________. A. living longer just depends on certain genetic recipes B. lifestyle factors play an important role in long-living C. most people living extremely long benefit from not smoking D. being mentally active has nothing to do with living an old age 29. Which of the following is FALSE according to the text? A. Remaining socially engaged helps a person to live long. B. If you want to live to 100, you must have the right genes. C. A genetic recipe can predict who may live to 100 and beyond. D. Perls is the first to think living longer is just a matter of genes. 30. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A. The Secret of Long Life B. Lifestyle And Genes C. Genes decide your lifespan D. Environment And Genes 31. In which section of a newspaper can you most probably find this passage? A. Health & Diet. B. Entertainment & Economics. C. Medicine & Science. D. Culture & Custom. 19 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·盐城市亭湖高级中学·期末校考) C Art may not be a uniquely human patent. Apes(猿), monkeys, elephants, dolphins and even rabbits can be encouraged to express themselves via pencil and paper. New research on the artistic efforts of apes suggests that their work varies according to changes in the world around them. The new study, published in the journal Animals, focuses on hundreds of drawings produced by five female apes at Japan’s Tama Zoological Park, where keepers provided them with crayons and paper over many years as part of a behavioural enrichment programme. One of the apes, named Molly, was especially productive. She only started drawing on her 54th birthday, but from that point on, until her death five years later, she produced about 1,300 pictures. She drew almost every day, creating more complex pictures than her companions. “I don’t know if we can describe her as a genius,” says Sueur, a biologist in the park. “Such differences are often observed between individuals of a species, with some smarter than others.” Sueur and his colleagues identified individual differences between the apes’ artistic styles, in terms of their preferred colors, the types of shapes they drew and the space they filled on the paper. Only Molly routinely filled most of the space available. Molly’s style changed with the season too. In summer and winter, greens dominated her pictures, but she switched to pinks and purples in spring and autumn. Appealingly, she opted for red whenever another female in the group was giving birth, which may indicate that her paintings are something more than purely abstract. “We’ve tried not to overinterpret,” says Sueur. “It could be earlier representational art.” The biologists suggest that apes may provide clues to the development of artistic skills in humans. Like children, and unlike other species known to put pen to paper, the apes needed no reward to participate in the task, suggesting that they enjoy it for its own interest. 28. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A. Female animals are talented at the creation of art. B. The artistic style of animals remains unchanged. C. Some animals can develop artistic skills like humans. D. Animals are capable of creating masterpieces through efforts. 29. How does Sueur think about Molly? A. Talented. B. Human-like. C. Open-minded. D. Competitive. 30. What might be the influence of the research? A. Help people know better about apes. B. Gain a new perspective of the evolution of art. C. Better protect the friends of humans-animals. D. Appeal to humans to learn from apes. 31. What can be concluded from apes’ acquiring artistic skills? A. Work hard, play hard. B. Well begun is half done. C. Look before you leap. D. Interest is the best teacher. 20 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·常州市·期末统考) C(原卷为B篇) Ridley Scott’s famous war film “Napoleon(拿破仑)” is a series of successful battles looking for a better movie to connect them. Once again, Scott’s craftsmanship(技艺)is on show here, but it’s in service of a deeply shallow screenplay. A great actor is reduced to a ghostly presence in the middle of the movie, and his partner, the character who needs to give the film a beating heart, comes off as flat and hollow. One of the problems is that the film script tries to put a lot of life into the running time of a single film. Naturally, it opens during the French Revolution, as Napoleon climbs up the political ladder of France with his war talents above all else. Another part of the problem is that Kirby, the leading actress never really understands what to play with Josephine, a mysterious celebrity(名人)who becomes too much of a mirror for Napoleon. She couldn’t give Napoleon a son, which resulted in their break-up. Was Napoleon the kind of world leader whose own unsafety resulted in killings we have seen in history? That’s here in a few places, but Scott is uninterested in making any sort of statement about Napoleon or men like him. A very just-the-facts approach of “Napoleon” is incredibly disappointing for a filmmaker who usually finds so much depth in the stories he tells. Worst of all, by the time “Napoleon” gets to Waterloo, we don’t know much more about the main character than we did when we came in. That’s a problem. Having said that, the wonderful war scenes in “Napoleon” may be enough to prove its existence for fans of historical war films. Whether its bloodied bodies breaking through ice or waves of soldiers rushing into battle, “Napoleon” has some fantastic battle scenes. Maybe the point is that Napoleon Bonaparte was only truly alive when surrounded by so much death. 28. How do you understand the underlined word “hollow” in Paragraph 1? A. Solid. B. Deep. C. Empty. D. Smooth. 29. What can we infer from Paragraph 2 to 4? A. The film successfully covers Napoleon’s whole life. B. Kirby has a good understanding of how to play Josephine. C. People couldn’t know Napoleon better through this film. D. There are some outstanding features of “Napoleon”. 30. What does Paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A. The successful battle scenes in “Napoleon”. B. The achievements of Napoleon Bonaparte. C. The wars Napoleon Bonaparte fighting in. D. The reason for Napoleon Bonaparte’s aliveness. 31. What type of writing is this text? A. A news report. B. A film review. C. A historical document. D. A science fiction. 01 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·苏州市·期末统考) D Have you ever left a movie theater with a mixed feeling about what you just watched? No? Well, you definitely haven’t seen the movie “Nope(不)”. This 2022 movie is a sci-fi horror. But despite having the amazing director Jordan Peele and the wonderful actors, this film still manages to be the worst I’ve ever seen. In the movie “Nope”, it shows us a western 1998 setting where we follow a brother, OJ, and a sister, Emerald Haywood. Emerald is a fun and entertaining woman, while OJ is shy but outspoken when necessary. They run a large horse farm. They observe something mysterious in the sky, which they later learn is a UFO. This UFO is eating people who are watching horse races. To help their horse farm, they try their best to beat the monster. Daniel Kaluuya is a good actor and has experienced playing in horror movies. In the movie, he did a good job at playing the role of OJ until he took a turn for the worse, going from a shy person to a hero who leads his group to success without any visible(可见的)growth. That makes his character challenging for the audience to understand. I love Keke Palmer’s humor and energy in the movie, but it gets to a point where she is too active, which makes her character Emerald unpleasant. Many scenes in the movie are extended not to create suspense(悬念)but simply to add screen time. That makes the two hours feel like four. There are many story-lines that end as quickly as they begin, with seemingly no point. The film is a far cry from horror and suspense. It is just an alien story with some seeming scares in between. Jordan Peele tried to make the movie symbolic, which made him blind to the idea that movies are supposed to be entertaining to watch. This movie is not for you if you are a true suspense and horror fan. If you ask me if you should watch it or not, I’d say “Nope.” 32. What do you know about the movie? A. It is a western film. B. It is the worst movie. C. It is set in ancient times. D. It is popular with horror fans. 33. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The response of the audience. B. The suggestion on the acting. C. The comparison of the actors. D. The opinion on the characters. 34. What is the main reason for the movie’s failure according to paragraph 4? A. The long period B. The wrong director C. The worthless plots D. The old-fashioned theme. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. “Nope” is a nope for me B. What an entertaining film! C. Jordan Peele’s new movie D. Should a horror be horrible? 02 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·无锡市·期末统考) B If you thought that your child’s academic performance is based simply on the number of hours spent on studying, you are wrong. Good grades are a result of multiple factors, everything from the child’s brains to the environment they are in. And one of the major, mostly ignored, influencing factors is physical health. Physical activity and health actually can improve a person’s ability to learn. According to the National Academy of Medicine, exercise can improve a child’s cognitive abilities, health, and academic performance significantly. According to a study by the University of British Columbia, regular aerobic exercise betters the functioning of the hippocampus, the area of the brain involved in learning and memory. Other forms of exercise like balance exercises, muscle exercises, and resistance training did not have the same result on the brain. The effect of exercise on memory and thinking is both direct and indirect. Directly, regular exercise gives the ability to increase the release of growth factors. These growth factors are chemicals in the brain that affect the growth of new blood vessels, the health of brain cells, as well as the survival of new brain cells. On the other hand, getting enough exercise will improve sleep quality and mood. It will also reduce stress and anxiety. It is believed that the benefits of exercise during the school day are greater than those coming from increasing class time. Furthermore, the greatest cognitive benefits from physical education have been seen to come about when physical education was given either in the first half of the day or midday rather than at the end of the day. In order to get the children moving, rest time, PE classes, biking or walking to school should be promoted. Activities like after-school sports that used to be held at school should be restarted. Physical activity should not be seen as a dispensable option but as an important educational concern. 32. What factor is often forgotten when it comes to good grades? A. Child’s High IQ. B. A good environment. C. Physical health. D. The hours spent on learning. 33. Which of the following exercises is best for learning and memory? A. Regular aerobic exercise. B. Balance exercise C. Muscle exercise. D. Resistance training 34. How does exercise influence thinking indirectly? A. By releasing growth factors in large numbers. B. By influencing the growth of new blood vessels. C. By affecting the survival of new brain cells. D. By improving a person’s mood and sleep quality. 35. What does the underlined word “dispensable”mean in the last paragraph? A. Unique. B. Universal. C. Unusual. D. Unnecessary. 36. What is the passage mainly about? A. Mental health should never be ignored. B. Physical education class is really a good option. C. Exercise may bring about good academic grades. D. Different exercises have different results on the brain. 03 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·江苏省锡山高级中学·期末校考) D Up and down the economic ladder, many Americans who work—and especially those raising kids—are pressed for time, wishing they had more of it to devote to leisure activities(or even just sleeping). At the same time, research has indicated that people who are busy tend to be happier than those who are idle, whether their busyness is purposeful or not. A research paper released late last year investigated this trade-off, attempting to pinpoint(精确指出)how much leisure time is best. Its authors examined the relationship between the amount of “discretionary time” people had—basically, how much time people spend awake and doing what they want—and how pleased they were with their lives. The paper, which analyzed data covering about 35,000 Americans, found that employed people’s ratings of their satisfaction with life peaked when they had in the neighborhood of two and a half hours of free time a day. For people who didn’t work, the optimal(最佳)amount was four hours and 45 minutes. The research traced a correlation(关联)between free time and life satisfaction, but didn’t provide any definitive(最后的)insight into what underlies that correlation—“which is exciting, because this is a work in progress,” says Cassie Mogilner Holmes, a professor at UCLA’s Anderson School of Management and a co-author of the paper, which hasn’t yet been peer-reviewed or published in an academic journal. An experiment that the researchers arranged hinted at(暗示)a possible explanation of the correlation they found. They asked participants to picture and describe what it would be like to have a certain amount of daily free time, and then report how they’d feel about that allotment(分配). “What we find is that having too little time makes people feel stressed, and maybe that’s obvious,” says Holmes. “But interestingly, that effect goes away—the role of stress goes away—once you approach the optimal point.” After that point, Holmes says, the subjects started to say they felt less productive overall, which could explain why having a lot of free time can feel like having too much free time. It’s not clear what an individual is to do with these findings, since the amount of free time people have usually has something to do with a variety of factors, such as having children or a degree of control over work schedules. Holmes shared her research with the MBA students in her class on happiness, and some of the most time-crunched among them were comforted by the findings: “I think that two and a half hours creates a nice goal that even if you increase a little bit more of your discretionary time use, you can expect that it will translate into greater life satisfaction.” 32. According to the passage, what happens to Americans occupied with their work? A. They allow themselves more leisure time. B. They keep themselves busy on purpose. C. They know how much leisure time is best. D. They experience higher level of satisfaction. 33. What can be learned about the correlation between free time and life satisfaction? A. Researchers have cast light on the cause of the correlation. B. Unemployed people need more leisure time to feel content. C. The paper on the correlation has achieved peer recognition. D. Employed people enjoy more leisure time in the neighborhood. 34. Which of the following charts illustrates the change of stress and productivity? A. B. C. D. 35. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ________. A. Holmes is optimistic about the influence of her findings B. individuals are encouraged to control their work schedules C. people with tight schedules can’t benefit from the findings D. the MBA students find no free time to obtain life satisfaction 04 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·常州溧阳市·期末统考) D Utah’s governor, Spencer Cox, recently signed two bills into law that strictly limit children’s use of social media platforms. Under the law, which takes effect next year, social media companies have to check the ages of all users in the state, and children under age 18 have to get agreement from their parents to have accounts. Parents will also be able to use their kids’ accounts, apps won’t be allowed to show children ads, and accounts for kids won’t be able to be used between 10:30 pm and 6:30 am without parental agreement. While some people argue age limitation allows tech companies to collect even more data about users, let’s be real: These companies already have much private information about us. To solve this problem, we need a separate data privacy law. But until that happens, this concern shouldn’t stop us from protecting kids. One of the key parts of the law is allowing parents to use their kids’ accounts. By doing this, the law begins to help address one of the biggest dangers kids face online: harmful content. One huge challenge the law helps parents get over is the amount of time kids are spending on social media. A 2022 survey found that, on average, children aged 8 to 12 spend 5 hours and 33 minutes per day on social media while those aged 13 to 18 spend 8 hours and 39 minutes daily. It’s warned that lack of sleep is connected with serious harm to children—everything from injuries to depression(抑郁), fatness and diabetes. So, parents need to have a way to ensure their kids aren’t up on social media platforms all night. Considering the experiences many kids are having on social media, this law will help Utah’s parents protect their kids. Parents in other states need the same support. Now, it’s time for the government to step up and ensure children throughout the country have the same protection as Utah’s kids. 32. Which is allowed according to the new bill? A. Ads can be put on to children. B. Children can use social media freely. C. Parents can check their kids’ accounts. D. Related companies protect users’ accounts. 33. Why are some people concerned about the new bill? A. Because children’s right to surf the Internet is limited. B. Because more personal information may be given away. C. Because it prevents the data privacy law from taking effect. D. Because children may become too dependent on the Internet. 34. What benefit will limiting children’s Internet time bring? A. Higher learning efficiency. B. Better personal eating habits. C. Easier access to healthy media. D. Improved physical and mental health. 35. What is the author’s attitude towards the new law? A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Flexible. D. Negative. 05 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·镇江市·期末统考) D Spending your nights sleeping for just four seconds at a time might sound painful, but not for chinstrap penguins(帽带企鹅), which fall asleep thousands of times a day, new research finds. Scientists studying the chinstrap penguins on King George Island in Antarctica found they nod off more than10,000 times a day, allowing them to keep an eye on their nests all the time, protecting eggs and chicks from predators(捕食性动物). “Nesting penguins took over 600 ‘microsleeps’ an hour, each lasting only four seconds,” researchers wrote in the paper, published in the journal Science. The findings suggest “microsleeps can perform at least some of the functions of sleep”. Sleep seems to be common among animals, but it makes them vulnerable because they lose the ability to respond quickly to the outside environment. The researchers studied chinstrap penguins in the wild using electronicephalogram(EEG)monitoring. Microsleeps were shown by sleep-related brain activity and eye-closure. They noticed a slight increase in the depth of sleep at around noon, when risk of predation could be at its lowest. Studies have shown some species routinely sleep very little, seemingly without negative costs to their performance while awake. African bush elephants sleep on average for two hours a day, and mostly while standing up, one study found. Sometimes they went 48 hours without sleeping. Giant frigate birds can spend months on the wing during ocean migrations(迁徙). During this period they can sleep for less than an hour a day, while still flying and hunting. When they get back to the nest they sleep for nearly 13 hours a day. “Sleep seems to be flexible among species,” a researcher said. “I believe that there are still many things unknown about animal sleep.” 32. Why do Chinstrap Penguins nod off more than 10,000 times a day? A. To find family meals. B. To guard their newborns. C. To enjoy good sleep. D. To get more rest. 33. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” mean in paragraph 4? A. Easily hurt. B. Fully prepared. C. Totally satisfied. D. Widely known. 34. What can affect the depth of sleep according to paragraph 5? A. Potential attacks from predators. B. Movements of eyes. C. The number of nests. D. Changes of temperature. 35. What do the examples of African bush elephants and giant frigate birds suggest? A. Larger animals are likely to have less sleep. B. Some animals sleep more during migration. C. Birds can sleep when they are standing up. D. Sleeping little may not affect waking performance. 06 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·南通市·期末统考) D Fidget toys have been going viral recently, arousing safety concerns among parents and the whole society. To better protect the physical and mental health of young students, the Ministry of Education recently issued a notice, aiming to prevent fidget toys from presenting a risk to the health of the younger generations. Fidget toys include inhaler nasal sticks and radish knives, which are popular as stress-relievers among students. The “Energy Stick,” or inhaler nasal stick, has been selling well online recently on platforms such as Taobao. Some online shops have already sold nearly 100,000 sticks, whose prices range from 6 yuan to approximately 128 yuan. The product contains watermelon, tea and orange flavors and even alcohol to attract more customers. The online store salesperson responded by stating that the main ingredients of the product are camphor and mint(薄荷), which do not contain any addictive properties. Meanwhile, Zhao Ting, a medical expert, told the Global Times that some children are likely to get addicted to the “Energy Stick.” The colorful plastic toy knife, a radish knife, nicknamed “Carrot Knife,” has also skyrocketed an astonishing selling online. “After her classmate had bought a Carrot Knife and said it was a fun toy to use, my daughter also bought one, which makes me anxious.” Julian, a father from Beijing told the Global Times on Saturday. Some of radish knives are so small that they can be gripped in the palm of a child’s hand while others are as long as one meter. There are various ways of playing with the radish knife, with some mimic(模拟)attack at friends as part of a game, according to media reports. Experts warned that such toys could encourage violence and cause long-term mental harm to children. To change this situation, the government stressed the importance on maintaining strict management, and stopping harmful toys into campus. Schools should organize safety promotion activities to teach students to correctly identify and keep away from dangerous and harmful toys. Also, parents should teach their children to play with toys safely and correctly. 32. Why have fidget toys become popular recently? A. They are beneficial to young students’ well-being. B. They can help to reduce young students’ pressure. C. Young students are allowed to use them at schools. D. Young students can afford them at a suitable price. 33. What may help the “Energy Stick” attract young students? A. Its high value. B. Its plentiful nutrition. C. Its rich contents. D. Its effective sales. 34. What does Julian really want to say about the “Carrot Knife”? A. It brings his daughter a lot of joy. B. It might do harm to his daughter. C. It has no effect on his daughter. D. It helps his daughter realize her dream. 35. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Different responses made to fidget toys. B. Great importance attached to fidget toys. C. Practical measures dealing with fidget toys. D. Potential dangers brought about by fidget toys. 07 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·南通海安市·期末统考) D The middle child, I think, is now an “endangered species”. According to a study, in 1976, 65 percent of mothers between aged 40 and 44 had three or more children. Today, nearly two-thirds of women with children have only one or two. Middle children will soon be the tiniest. As a middle child, I am disappointed at the potential disappearance of middle children. I’m the middle of three—two boys, one girl—so I’m what’s sometimes regarded as a “classic middle child”. Being a middle child is not something you are eager for. As one middle child said to me, “There is a thing called middle-child syndrome(综合征). I certainly was always aware that the middle was not a position to be admired, even as I came to see typical middle-child features in myself. Middle children are natural mediators(和事佬); I avoid disagreements and habitually act as the family peace-maker. Middle children tend to be private but also long for love; I keep to myself but do not exactly hate attention.” According to studies, middles traditionally receive less economic and emotional support from their parents. They also typically have less close relationships with their mothers and fathers compared with other brothers or sisters, so they tend to have more friends to fill the feeling gap. In a study conducted by the City College of New York in which participants were asked to choose words they associate with the first, last, and middle kids, positive words such as caring and ambitious were cited concerning all three birth orders. Only middles, however, were described with such negative terms as overlooked and confused. More importantly, middles may be many things and they were the only birth order with which no one connected the term “overindulged”. It is true: their parents couldn’t allow them to do or have whatever they want, especially when they are old enough, and they don’t ask for everything either even if they are eager to own it occasionally. 32. Why does the author mention the study in paragraph 1? A. To inform a definition. B. To introduce the topic. C. To make a comparison. D. To support his opinion. 33. What can we learn about “middle-child syndrome”? A. It is dangerous for middles to suffer from it. B. It clearly shows the typical features of middles. C. It is what non-middle kids admire and wish for. D. It is the result of the unsuccessful parenting style. 34. Who is an overindulged kid according to paragraph 5? A. John, 3, asking his mother for dressing him. B. Mary, 8, busy in focusing on her preference. C. Paul, 12, unwilling to have breakfast by himself. D. Nancy, 17, afraid to challenge the math problems. 35. What’s the author’s opinion about middles according to the passage? A. They are always in low spirits. B. They stress the protection of privacy. C. They are ignored but independent. D. They support the family economically. 08 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·泰州市·期末统考) D(原卷为B篇) When Kyle D’Costa and his wife met Rio, a nine-month-old shih tzu(西施犬), in 2021, “it was love at first sight. “The new couple soon added a Lhasa Apso(拉萨犬)and rented a bigger flat to give the animals ”more space“. The D’Costas and millions of other middle-class Indians, no longer pleased with new cars and other Western fancy decorations, they are rapidly acquiring pets. According to Statista, a research company, India had 19.4 million pet dogs in 2018 and may now have 31m. In 2021, Market Decipher, another research organization, valued India’s pet industry at 890’hillion dollars and said that it would continue to grow by 3 times over the next 10 years. Actually, the pet industry is growing at a fast rate throughout the world. With rising incomes comes increased pet-ownership, especially among young professionals who tend 10 put off marriage and parenthood and to be extremely willing to enjoy the company of a dog. It is only a matter of time before marriage websites include a ”pet-friendly“ option. As keeping pets becomes increasingly popular, so do those working in the industry. “Being in this trade was despised just five years ago,” says Chinmay, a 30-ycar-old dog trainer in Thane, Mumbai. “How will you find a girlfriend?” he recalls his relatives asking him. But dog trainers in Mumbai can these days earn 2,400 rupees(S30)an hour—more than twice as much as piano teachers. Chinmay is now happily married to one of his customers. Current pet-industry players are prepared and new ones stepping in. Nestle, the world’s biggest food company, Inst year bought into Purina Petcare, an Indian pet-food business. Emami, an Indian company, targeting daily goods, offers medicines for pets. Euromonitor International, a market-research company, thinks India’s pet-food industry is worth 480 million dollars and will grow to $1.2 billion by 2025. 32. Why are the figures listed in Paragraph 2? A. To present the benefits of raising pets. B. To show the popularity of keeping pets. C. To stress the significance of pet industry. D. To express dissatisfaction with the situation. 33. What do young professionals prefer to do nowadays? A. Get married early. B. Earn higher income. C. Choose friendly pets. D. Draw comfort from pets 34. What does the underlined word “despised” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Looked down on. B. Done justice to. C. Shown respect for. D. Taken advantage of 35. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. India’s pet-food industry is worth $1.2 billion. B. Pet-industry is changing people’s career options. C. Nestlé has earned a lot in Indian pet-food business. D. More companies will have a hand in the pet industry. 09 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·泰州市·期末统考) D(原卷为C篇) Chicken soup. An apple. Hot Ica. When you’re sick, everyone from grandma to the next-door neighbor has a helpful suggestion for food that will put you on the road to recovery. What should we make of this wisdom—do some foods really help us feel better, or even actually get better? And if so, why do we hardly feel hungry during illness when we might think nutrition is needed most? Yale University immunobiologist Ruslan Medzhitov believes our bodies are working not for making us feel better, but for being alive—and they might not always treat an illness as their greatest risk. Before take-away service was an option, getting food while sick meant putting a weakened body at risk. And finding food also meant losing more energy. Though life has changed, scientists assume these evolutionary holdovers(进化遗存)may still play a role. That’s a challenge, because your body needs a healthy balanced diet when sick. It requires a specific range of nutrition—protein, fat, vitamins, and more—although Medzhitov says those preferences are a moving target. “The way it changes during illness depends on the type of illness, and that’s the part we don’t know well.” he says. Still by adding protein, fat, a fruit or vegetable, you can maintain a good balance of nutrition. That may be where the original idea of chicken soup came. There’s no one definite answer as to what to eat during illness. Medzhitov believes that just listening to your body and its preferences is likely the best option. What you desire is more often than not what your body wants. When sick, your desire for one type of food and dislike for another don’t come by accident. Millions of years of evolutionary selection has taught your body to recognize them. “If your body needs vitamin C, you will have desire for something that contains it, even though sometimes we don’t know what that desire is for.” 32. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2? A. To give an example. B. To show a discovery. C. To make a suggestion. D. To offer an explanation. 33. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3? A. Nutritional needs change with illness. B. People know little about types of illness. C. Maintaining a balanced diet is a challenge. D. Chicken soup offers well-rounded nutrition. 34. What does Medzhitov suggest during illness? A. Taking in vitamin C. B. Eating what appeals to you. C. Drinking chicken soup. D. Minding the body’s change. 35. In which section of a website may this text appear? A. Nature. B. Culture. C. Education. D. Science. 10 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·泰州兴化市·期末统考) D(原卷为A篇) American children aren’t the only couch potatoes out there. Nearly one third of children in the world spend three hours a day or more watching TV or playing computers, according to a study of over 70,000 teens in 34 nations. From Argentina to Zambia, Regina Guthold of the World Health Organization in Geneva and her colleagues found that most children aren’t getting enough exercise. “In terms of physical activity levels, we did not find much of a difference between poor and rich countries,” Guthold told Reuters Health. “Growing up in a poor country does not necessarily mean that kids get more physical activity.” The study, published in The Journal of Pediatrics, looked at 72,845 schoolchildren aged 13 to 15 from Africa, North and South America, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East. The researchers defined enough physical activity as at least an hour of exercise outside of gym class at least five days a week. Children who spent three or more hours a day watching TV, playing computer games, or chatting with friends—aside from time in school or time spent doing homework—were considered as sedentary. The researchers found only one quarter of the boys and 15 percent of the girls were getting enough exercise by these definitions. A quarter of the boys and nearly 30 percent of the girls sat too much and didn’t get enough exercise. Children in Myanmar were the least sedentary, with 13 percent of boys and 8 percent of girls classified as sedentary. Girls were less active than boys in every country except for Zambia. Uruguay had the highest percentage of active boys, at 42 percent, while Zambia had the lowest, at 8 percent. Girls from India were the most active, with 37 percent meeting exercise definitions, while girls from Egypt were the least active, with just 4 percent getting enough exercise. While the study didn’t look at the reasons behind the lack of physical activity in various nations, Guthold guessed that urbanization(城市化)could be a factor as well as being able to use cars and TVs. She said schools can help children become more active by having physical education classes and educating students about the importance of exercise. 32. What does the underlined word “sedentary” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Addicted. B. Flexible. C. Inactive. D. Unhealthy. 33. What can we know from the study? A. Boys from Uruguay were the most active. B. Most girls from India got enough exercise. C. Children in Europe get more physical activity. D. Boys are more active than girls in every country. 34. How does the writer present the findings of the study? A. By using quotations and taking examples. B. By listing figures and making comparisons. C. By asking questions and providing answers. D. By presenting facts and drawing conclusions. 35. Which of the following factors probably lead to children’s lack of physical activity? A. Computers and potatoes. B. Computers and urbanization. C. Urbanization and physical education. D. Physical education and homework. 11 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·泰州兴化市·期末统考) D(原卷为B篇) Just being intelligent(聪明的)doesn’t mean someone will be successful. And just because someone is less intelligent doesn’t mean that person will fail. That’s one take-home message from the work of people like Angela Duckworth, who works at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. Like many other scientists, Duckworth wondered what makes one person more successful than another. When digging deeper, Duckworth found that the people who performed best shared a quality independent of intelligence. They had what she now calls grit(毅力). Duckworth developed a set of questions to test it. She calls it her “grit scale(量表).” In one study of people 25 and older, she found that as people age, they become more likely to stick with a project. She also found that git increases with education. People who finished college scored higher on the grit scale than people who quit before graduation. People who went to graduate school after college scored even higher. She then did another study with college students. Duckworth wanted to see how intelligence and grit influenced performance in school. So she compared scores on college-entrance exams, which measure IQ, to school grades and scores on the grit scale. Students with higher grades tended to have more grit. That’s not surprising. Getting good grades takes both smarts and hard work. But some people counter that this grit means success. Among those people is Marcus Crede, a professor at Iowa State University in Ames. He recently pooled the results of 88studies on grit. Together, those studies tested nearly 67, 000 people. And grit did not predict success, Crede found. However, he thinks grit is very similar to someone’s ability to set goals, work toward them and think things through before acting. “Study habits and skills, test anxiety and class attendance are far more strongly connected to school grades than grit,” Crede says. “We can teach students how to study well. We can help them with their test anxiety,” he adds. “I’m not sure we can do that with grit.” 32. What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A. Intelligence determines success. B. Not all smart people will succeed. C. Duckworth redesigned a grit scale. D. Grit decides how intelligent one might be. 33. What might influence a person’s grit according to Angela Duckworth’s findings? A. Lifestyle. B. Family. C. Personality D. Education. 34. What does the underlined word “counter” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Comment. B. Disagree. C. Recognize. D. Warn. 35. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Grit can hardly be taught. B. Grit can be improved eastly C. Grit is strongly related to test anxiety. D. Grit has nothing to do with school grades. 12 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·泰州兴化市·期末统考) D(原卷为C篇) With enough money, it’s possible to do something unbelievable in Dubai and now you can add another to the list—walking on the moon. Recently, Canadian architectural company Moon World Resorts announced plans to construct a $5 billion resort(度假村)that looks like the moon in Dubai. The project, named Moon Dubai, is meant to help visitors experience space tourism, which allows guests to find out what it is like to walk on the moon. The resort will be very luxurious and contemporary, with a lot of components inside that one would already know—for example, a wellness area, residential properties, restaurants, a convention center, and a spa, each with a lunar twist(月球扭). It will also include a training platform for space agencies and astronauts. Space tourism currently comes with a big price tag, and it’s a barrier to entry for most travelers. However, the moon resort experience will be significantly cheaper. A walk on the lunar surface of the moon resort is much more affordable at $500. “Moon Dubai will significantly impact every aspect of the UAE’s economy, including tourism, transportation, commercial and residential real estate, infrastructure, financial services, aviation and space, energy, agriculture, technology and of course education,” says Michael R. Henderson, co-founder of Moon World Resorts. “It will be the largest and most successful modern-day tourism project in the MENA region, doubling annual tourism visitations to Dubai based on its global appeal, brand awareness and unique multiple integrated offerings.” Whether the project will eventually take off is currently unknown. If the design can be successful, it will require a 12-month pre-development planning program and a 48-month building process. But the company’s plan is viable(可行的). Moreover, Henderson estimated that the moon resort could open in 2027. 32. What do we know about the moon resort? A. It is designed to send people to the moon. B. It is a cheaper option for space tourism. C. It serves as a platform for scientists to explore space. D. It provides visitors with space classes taught by astronauts. 33. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. The features of the moon resort. B. The key role of tourism in Dubai. C. The potential value of Moon Dubai. D. The purpose of carrying out Moon Dubai. 34. What stage is the moon resort at? A. Test. B. Design. C. Operation. D. Construction. 35. What is the main purpose of this text? A. To introduce a tourism project in Dubai. B. To encourage people to visit the moon resort. C. To show the development of Dubai’s space industry. D. To present the commercial success of Moon World Resorts. 13 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·扬州市·期末统考) D Why Do Millennials(千禧一代)Keep Changing Jobs? Millennials have been labelled as the “job-hopping generation”. In fact, a recent survey showed that 49% of millennials would leave their job within the next two years! Observers from older generations may think it is caused by the youth’s laziness. However, if we search deeper, there is more than meets the eye. Instead of the traditional and practical reasons of changing jobs, such as to get better salaries or greater job stability(稳定), many millennials are inspired by value-driven goals. For example, more have to seek new opportunities whenever they lack a sense of belonging in their present jobs. Additionally, some also leave their positions for companies which better suit their value system. Therefore, it is clear that many millennials do not only consider their jobs as a source of income, but in fact, seek meaning and professional achievement in their daily jobs. Clearly, the fearlessness of millennials in seeking job opportunities has been inspired by new business models. With the rise of online platforms, millennials who prefer work-life balance and flexibility have been attracted towards such jobs. Moreover, the increase of social media has also created more career paths. From food and travel bloggers to YouTube content creators, more millennials are leaving boring desk-bound jobs to look for more untraditional, but certainly attractive, careers. However, people have different opinions on job-hopping. While some employers value rich experience and skills that job-hopping brings about, many of them still look down upon job-hopping. Some even argue in disappointment that the youths of today are lazy, unable to bear hardships and too self-centered. The former American President Jimmy Carter once said, “Human identity is no longer defined(定义)by what one does but by what one owns.” Indeed, his comment still rings true today. Rather than allow traditional models of success in society to define our youths, the millennial generation should be encouraged to define new horizons of success by making the right career choices guided by the right values. 32. Why are Millennials more likely to move to new jobs? A. Because they are unwilling to work very hard. B. Because they want to realize their self-worth. C. Because they hate pressure from present jobs. D. Because they need higher income and position. 33. What does the author want to show in Paragraph 3? A. The rapid development of social media promotes new career paths. B. There are fewer professions available to Millennials on the Internet. C. There are factors contributing to Millennials’ flexible job-changing. D. The tiring and boring jobs prevent Millennials staying in one position. 34. What may those against job-changing think of Millennials? A. Courageous and noble. B. Lazy and self-centered. C. Anxious and unconfident. D. Creative and hard-working. 35. What is the author’s attitude towards Millennials’ career choice? A. Negative. B. Doubtful. C. Positive. D. Concerned. 14 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·宿迁泗阳县·期末统考) D Studies have shown how we understand our strength contributes to the extent to which our muscles might waste with disuse. When researchers at Ohio University examined the strength among a group of adults, who agreed to have their wrists immobilized for a week to cause weakness, they found that only imagining having strong muscles reduced the loss in strength by 50 percent. Crum, a pioneer in this area, found in his study that having a different attitude can maximize(最大化)the benefits of all the occasional exercise we do each day, such as housework or walking around the shops. It appears that tracking our steps through smart watches and other wearable technologies can make a difference to how we understand our fitness. The study showed people who had previously regarded themselves as inactive, were found that they were actually completing about 7000 steps a day and began to report improved mood, better confidence and even an increase in aerobic fitness measurements, even though they weren’t exercising more than usual. An even more unexpected fitness trick might come from our gut. It seems that having the right populations of gut bacteria(肠道菌群)makes you more likely to exercise. Last December, Christopher Thais sat the University of Pennsylvania and his colleagues found that differences in gut bacterial populations appeared to play a much greater role than genetics(遗传学)when it came to running performance in mice. They identified two particular bacteria as being especially important. When the mice were given these in supplements, it seemed to increase their desire to exercise. It remains to be seen whether this works effectively in humans. We still have much to learn about whether changing microbial populations can make us fitter, says Shrushti Shah at the University of Calgary in Canada. This could be significant, as many of us struggle to find the motivation to exercise. 32. What does the underlined word “immobilized” in paragraph 1mean? A. Balanced. B. Fixed. C. Straightened. D. Bent. 33. What is presented in Crum’s finding? A. Tracking steps is necessary in daily routine. B. Attitude matters to all the occasional exercise. C. Walking around the shops amounts to 7000 steps. D. Inactive people have trouble in completing exercise. 34. What is the function of the example in paragraph 3? A. To further explain the research method. B. To support evidence for the research result. C. To show potential application of the research finding. D. To present a reasonable doubt about the research process. 35. What is the author’s attitude toward the application of the two particular bacteria in humans? A. Indifferent. B. Doubtful. C. Cautious. D. Supportive. 15 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·盐城东台市·期末统考) D Some students get so nervous before a test. They do poorly even if they know the material. Sian Beilock, a professor at the University of Chicago in Illinois, has studied these highly anxious test-takers. The students start worrying about the results. And when we worry, it actually uses up attention and memory resources. Professor Beilock and another researcher, Gerardo Ramirez, have developed a possible solution. Just before an exam, highly anxious test-takers spend ten minutes writing about their worries about the test. The researchers tested the idea on a group of twenty anxious college students. They gave them two short math tests. After the first one, they asked the students to either sit quietly or write about their feelings about the upcoming second test. Professor Beilock says those who sat quietly scored an average of 12% worse on the second test. But the students who had written about their fears improved their performance by an average of 5%. Next, the researchers used younger students in a biology class. They told them before final exams either to write about their feelings or to think about things unrelated to the test. Professor Beilock says highly anxious students who did the writing got an average grade of B⁺, compared to a B⁻ for those who did not. “What we showed is that for students who are highly test-anxious, who'd done our writing intervention(干预), all of a sudden there was no relationship between test fear and performance. They were performing just as well as their classmates who don't normally get nervous in these tests.” But what if students do not have a chance to write about their fears immediately before an exam? Professor Beilock says students can try it themselves at home or in the library and still improve their performance. 32. What do the students start worrying about before an exam? A. Whether they can pass the exam. B. What other students do during the test. C. Whether they have remembered the materials. D. What kind of problems they will meet on the test paper. 33. What is the solution developed by researchers? A. Making the students focused on the test. B. Asking the students to sit quietly before the test. C. Having the students write about their worries about the test. D. Asking the students to direct the attention away from the test. 34. According to Professor Beilock, those who thought about things unrelated to the test ________. A. became less nervous before the test B. did worse than those who wrote about their feelings C. were better at controlling their feelings D. did better than those who wrote about their feelings 35. We can infer from the last paragraph that ________. A. writing about our worries before an exam can work a bit B. we can only write about our worries right before an exam C. the best place to write about our worries is in the test room before an exam D. it doesn’t matter where and when we write about our worries before an exam 16 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·连云港市·期末统考) D Our future selves used to be a riddle. Now, thanks to social media filters(滤镜), we can stare them right in the face. People fell in love with TikTok this month to share themselves “aging” in real time using a filter “time travel”. Set to a sad song, the effect shows the user’s face slowly getting older, complete with wrinkles(皱纹)and sunspots. Camera filters that age you have been around for years. But advancements in AI are making the results more real. Doctor Aleksandra Brown said the TikTok time travel filter does well in guessing how a given face would age. As we get older, our facial skin thins, fat dissolves(溶解)and gravity pulls everything downward. Not everyone is pleased about this. One of Brown’s friends didn’t like watching time fly past. She couldn’t stand watching herself age 50 years in 15 seconds-could life really go by that fast? Brown cried herself after using the aging effect on her own young daughter. She won’t live to see her daughter get that old, she pointed out. For other people, the time travel filter brought up unexpected positive feelings. Actor Jonathan Bennett shared a video saying his own filtered face recalled happy memories of his late father. Nicole Loehle, a 24-year-old in New Jersey, tested the effect with her boyfriend. It gave her a new viewpoint, she said, she could imagine the relationship lasting into their old age. There’s no correct way to age. But it’s important to remember that no one can stop time or undo its effects. “I keep trying to view aging as a gift.” Brown said, “Some people don’t get to age, unfortunately?” 32. What can people do with the filter “time travel”? A. Find their partners. B. See their aging faces. C. Experience others’ lives. D. Guess their future success. 33. What are Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4 mainly about? A. Reminders of the good old days. B. Reasons for using the aging effect. C. Reflections on close personal relationships. D. Responses to the aging effect of “time travel”. 34. Which of the following would Brown probably agree with? A. It’s good to watch time fly past. B. The “time travel” needs advancements. C. Not everyone is fortunate enough to ge$$ 专题02 阅读理解（说明文&议论文）（江苏专用） 01 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·南京市·期末统考) C Regularly heading a football leads to a measurable drop in brain function over two years in active players, and could increase the risk of dementia(痴呆)in later life, a study led by Doctor Michael Lipton, a researcher from Columbia University has found. West Bromwich Albion player Jeff Astle died at the age of 59 after having developed a brain disease. A doctor said that his heading of footballs during his career had damaged his brain and ruled that he had died from an “industrial disease”. The researchers took 148 footballers with an average age of 27, three quarters of whom were male and a quarter female. They developed a questionnaire to figure out how often these football players headed the ball. The players were given memory and learning tests, and took a form of MRI scanning(扫描), which can examine the brain structure by recording the movement of water molecules(分子)through the tissue. They then took the same tests again two years later. “Our analysis(分析)found that high levels of heading over the two-year period were connected with changes in structure similar to findings seen in brain injuries,” said Doctor Michael Lipton. “High levels of heading were also connected with a drop in learning performance. This is the first study to show a change of brain structure over the long term related to head damage in soccer.” “There is wide concern for brain injury in the potential for soccer heading to cause long-term adverse effects on brains in particular,” Lipton explained. That has led the Football Association to put a ban(禁令)on heading for children under 12 in youth teams. The England Football website recently notes of its trial to ban heading for children that it “can support the development of more skillful players ... contributing to the improved technical ability of our young players.” 28. Why does the author mention Jeff Astle? A. To compare him with other 148 players. B. To support Doctor Michael’s findings. C. To explain what industrial disease is. D. To memorize a talented player. 29. How did the researchers carry out the study? A. By reviewing previous results. B. By controlling activities of the brain. C. By grouping male and female football players. D. By conducting medical checkups of the brain. 30. What is the main focus of the study on footballers? A. The influence of heading on brain discases. B. The potential to suffer dementia in their school life. C. The long-term effect of heading on brain structure. D. The lack of technical ability in young football players. 31. What does the underlined word “adverse” in paragraph 6 mean? A. Special. B. Direct. C. Protective. D. Negative. 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. C 31. D 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了Michael Lipton的一项研究发现，在两年的时间里，经常头球会导致活跃球员的大脑功能明显下降，并可能增加晚年患痴呆症的风险。 28.推理判断题。根据第二段“West Bromwich Albion player Jeff Astle died at the age of 59 after having developed a brain disease. A doctor said that his heading of footballs during his career had damaged his brain and ruled that he had died from an ‘industrial disease’.(西布朗维奇球员Jeff Astle在患上脑部疾病后去世，享年59岁。一位医生说，他在足球生涯中的头球损伤了他的大脑，并裁定他死于一种‘工业疾病’)”可知，作者提到Jeff Astle是为了支持Michael的博士的发现，故选B项。 29.推理判断题。根据第四段“The players were given memory and learning tests, and took a form of MRI scanning(扫描)，which can examine the brain structure by recording the movement of water molecules(分子)through the tissue. They then took the same tests again two years later.(参与者接受了记忆和学习测试，并接受了一种核磁共振扫描，这种扫描可以通过记录水分子在组织中的运动来检查大脑结构。两年后，他们又进行了同样的测试)”可知，研究人员是通过对大脑进行医学检查来进行这项研究的，故选D项。 30.细节理解题。根据第二段中“‘Our analysis(分析)found that high levels of heading over the two-year period were connected with changes in structure similar to findings seen in brain injuries,’ said Doctor Michael Lipton. ‘High levels of heading were also connected with a drop in learning performance. This is the first study to show a change of brain structure over the long term related to head damage in soccer.’(Michael Lipton博士说：‘我们的分析发现，在两年的时间里，高水平的头球与大脑结构的变化有关，这与脑损伤的结果相似。’‘高水平的头球也与学习成绩下降有关。这是第一个研究表明，长期来看大脑结构的变化与足球造成的头部损伤有关。’)”可知，研究足球运动员的主要焦点是头球对大脑结构的长期影响，故选C项。 31.词义猜测题。划线词句前文“‘High levels of heading were also connected with a drop in learning performance. This is the first study to show a change of brain structure over the long term related to head damage in soccer.’(‘高水平的头球也与学习成绩下降有关。这是第一个研究表明，长期来看，大脑结构的变化与足球造成的头部损伤有关。’)”说明大脑结构的变化与足球造成的头部损伤有关，从而推知划线词句“(Lipton解释说：‘人们普遍担心，足球头球可能会对大脑造成长期的adverse影响。’)”其中划线短语应为“不利的，有害的”的意思，与D项“有害的，负面的”同义，故选D项。 02 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·苏州市·期末统考) C Exposure(暴露)to more light during the day and less light at night is important for healthy sleep because it helps to keep the right body clock, the study team writes in Sleep Heath. The results suggest that in the office environment, being exposed either to daylight or electric lights may be important for the health of workers. “Many office buildings may actually be moving in the direction of reducing light,” said Figueiro. “Much has been done to reduce light levels to promote energy efficiency, which is important, but we may be going too far in this direction. ” She added, “We need to start thinking about how we light our daytime environment. ” To see whether office workers get enough light to improve their sleep-wake cycle, the study team found participants(参与者)in five government office buildings across the country. A total of 109 people working at the offices wore something that could measure light for one week in summertime, and 81 of these participants repeated the experiment(实验)in winter as well. The office workers wrote down their sleep and wake time and completed a form of questions about their mood and sleep quality at the end of each study period. Researchers found that people exposed to greater amounts of light during the morning hours, between 8 am and noon, fell asleep more quickly at night compared to those exposed to low light in the morning. People getting more morning light were also less likely to report feelings of stress. Office workers exposed to high levels of light all day, from 8 am to 5 pm, also reported lower levels of sleep disorders. A lack of good quality sleep has been connected with mental and physical health problems, including those with mood, thinking and the immune system. There are many easy things we can do during the day to increase our exposure to sunlight that could have beneficial effects on mood and sleep, such as looking out of the window, seeking light during the day, especially during the morning, and going out during lunch time. 28. What is Figueiro’s attitude towards light reduction? A. Worried. B. Scared. C. Excited. D. Interested. 29. How did the researchers draw the conclusion? A. By changing workers’ sleep-wake cycle. B. By doing experiments in different seasons. C. By collecting some questions from workers. D. By designing a new light-measuring method. 30. Which of the following statements might the researchers agree with? A. People getting more morning light get tired easily. B. People getting more morning light feel less stressed. C. People exposed to less night light wake up quickly. D. People exposed to less night light have sleep disorders. 31. What is the main idea of the text? A. Many office buildings are reducing light. B. Many office workers lack good quality sleep. C. People’s sleep-wake cycle is important for health. D. Enough daylight is of great benefit to office workers. 【答案】28. A 29. B 30. B 31. D 【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章主要说明了一项研究表明，白天多接触光线，晚上少接触光线对人们获得健康睡眠很重要，因为它有助于保持正确的生物钟。研究结果表明，在办公室环境中，暴露在阳光或富含短波蓝光的电灯下可能对员工的健康很重要。 28.推理判断题。根据第一段““Much has been done to reduce light levels to promote energy efficiency, which is important, but we may be going too far in this direction. ” She added, “We need to start thinking about how we light our daytime environment. ”(“为了提高能源效率，我们已经做了很多工作来降低光照水平，这很重要，但我们可能在这个方向上走得太远了。”她补充说：“我们需要开始考虑如何照亮我们的白天环境。”)”可推知，菲格罗对减少灯光的态度是担忧的，故选A。 29.细节理解题。根据第二段“A total of 109 people working at the offices wore something that could measure light for one week in summertime, and 81 of these participants repeated the experiment(实验)in winter as well.(共有109名在办公室工作的人在夏季戴着可以测量光线的东西一周，其中81名参与者在冬季也重复了这个实验)”可推知，研究人员通过在不同的季节做实验得出这个结论，故选B。 30.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“People getting more morning light were also less likely to report feelings of stress.(获得更多晨光的人也不太可能感到压力)”可推知，研究人员可能会同意获得更多晨光的人感觉压力更小，故选B。 31.主旨大意题。根据第一段“Exposure(暴露)to more light during the day and less light at night is important for healthy sleep because it helps to keep the right body clock, the study team writes in Sleep Heath. The results suggest that in the office environment, being exposed either to daylight or electric lights may be important for the health of workers.(研究小组在《睡眠健康》杂志上写道，白天多晒太阳，晚上少晒太阳对健康睡眠很重要，因为这有助于保持正确的生物钟。研究结果表明，在办公环境中，暴露在日光或电灯下可能对员工的健康很重要)”结合文章主要说明了一项研究表明，白天多接触光线，晚上少接触光线对人们获得健康睡眠很重要，因为它有助于保持正确的生物钟。研究结果表明，在办公室环境中，暴露在阳光或富含短波蓝光的电灯下可能对员工的健康很重要。可知，这篇文章的主旨是充足的日光对上班族有很大的好处，故选D。 03 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·无锡市·期末统考) C Since Zhao Hongshan’s dermal filler injection(皮肤填充注射)four years ago—he has spent around 80,000 yuan on his face. “Getting plastic surgeries is just as normal as body building. Both make men more handsome and confident,” says the 33-year-old, who owns a gym in Beijing. Zhao is among a growing number of Chinese men using plastic surgeries to change their physical appearance to increase their self-confidence. In 2021, the market for beauty medicine in China was worth more than 495 billion yuan, with males accounting for around 15 percent of customers, according to a report by plastic surgery social networking app Gengmei. There is a rising trend of young men turning to plastic surgeries; most male customers are in their teens or 20s. “Some men just want to please themselves, while others hope to improve their possibility in job hunting or dating,” says Wang Jun, vice-president of marketing for Gengmei. “Men are under the same social pressures as women and their confidence and competitiveness would be more or less weakened by facial and body weaknesses.” However, experts point out the risks of plastic surgeries. Fan Jufeng, director of the Plastic Surgery Department at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, does not encourage people, no matter men or women, to “blindly” go under the knife. According to the National Health Commission, a total of 2,772 cases related to illegal(非法的)plastic surgeries were handled by China's health departments during a year long attack that started in May 2017. Fan also warned the public of the negative influences of live streaming celebrities(流量明星)who promote the misunderstanding that being pretty goes above all else. “Whether to have plastic surgeries is a personal choice, but people should not be addicted(上瘾)to it,” Fan says. “Think twice on it. After all, a rich and beautiful inside world is far more important than a pretty face.” 28. How does the author introduce the topic of plastic surgeries? A. By giving an example. B. By providing data C. By raising a question. D. By making suggestions. 29. What does Paragraph 2 mainly focus on? A. The huge cost of men’s beauty market in China. B. The growing beauty market for the Chinese men. C. The rising trend of young men turning to plastic surgeries. D. The reason for the increasing popularity of plastic surgeries. 30. What do Wang Jun’s words show in Paragraph 3? A. The benefits of men’s plastic surgeries. B. The great social pressure for Chinese men. C. The reasons for men’s plastic surgeries. D. The misunderstanding of the short cut to success. 31. Why does Fan Jufeng advise thinking twice on plastic surgeries? A. They’re unsafe in health. B. They’re expensive in price. C. They’re wrong in beliefs. D. They’re useless in job hunting. 32. What is the best title for the text? A. Plastic Surgeries—Male vs Female B. Women’s Plastic Surgeries—Yes or No C. Plastic Surgeries—Price vs Result D. Plastic Surgeries—Blind or Not 【答案】28. A 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. D 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了越来越多的中国男性通过整形手术来改变自己的外表，并强调不要“盲目”地接受整形手术。 28.推理判断题。由文章第一段“Since Zhao Hongshan’s dermal filler injection(皮肤填充注射)four years ago—he has spent around 80,000 yuan on his face. “Getting plastic surgeries is just as normal as body building. Both make men more handsome and confident,” says the 33-year-old, who owns a gym in Beijing.(自从四年前赵洪山打了真皮填充剂以来，他已经在脸上花了大约8万元。“做整形手术和健身一样正常。都能让男人更帅、更自信。”33岁的他在北京拥有一家健身房)”可知，作者通过举例介绍整形外科的话题，故选A。 29.主旨大意题。由文章第二段中“Zhao is among a growing number of Chinese men using plastic surgeries to change their physical appearance to increase their self-confidence. In 2021, the market for beauty medicine in China was worth more than 495 billion yuan, with males accounting for around 15 percent of customers, according to a report by plastic surgery social networking app Gengmei.(越来越多的中国男性通过整形手术来改变自己的外表，以增加自信，赵就是其中之一。根据整形外科社交网络应用更美发布的一份报告，2021年，中国美容药物市场价值超过4950亿元人民币，其中男性约占客户总数的15%)”可知，第2段主要关注越来越多的中国男性通过整形手术来改变自己的外表，即中国男性日益增长的美容市场，故选B。 30.推理判断题。由文章第三段中“Some men just want to please themselves, while others hope to improve their possibility in job hunting or dating(一些男人只是想取悦自己，而另一些人则希望在找工作或约会时提高自己的可能性)”和“Men are under the same social pressures as women and their confidence and competitiveness would be more or less weakened by facial and body weaknesses(男性和女性面临着同样的社会压力，他们的自信和竞争力或多或少会被面部和身体的弱点削弱)”可知，他的话解释了男人做整形手术的原因，故选C。 31.推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Fan also warned the public of the negative influences of live streaming celebrities(流量明星)who promote the misunderstanding that being pretty goes above all else. “Whether to have plastic surgeries is a personal choice, but people should not be addicted(上瘾)to it,” Fan says. “Think twice on it. After all, a rich and beautiful inside world is far more important than a pretty face.”(范还提醒公众注意直播明星的负面影响，他们助长了“颜值高于一切”的误解。“是否整容是个人选择，但人们不应该沉迷于此，”范说。“三思而后行。毕竟，丰富美丽的内心世界远比漂亮的脸蛋重要得多。”)”可知，他认为很多人的想法是错误的，丰富美丽的内心世界远比漂亮的脸蛋重要得多，故选C。 32.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第四段“However, experts point out the risks of plastic surgeries. Fan Jufeng, director of the Plastic Surgery Department at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, does not encourage people, no matter men or women, to “blindly” go under the knife.(然而，专家指出了整形手术的风险。北京朝阳医院整形外科主任范巨峰不鼓励人们，无论男女，“盲目”地接受手术)”点明了文章的主题，即不要“盲目”地接受整形手术。选项D“Plastic Surgeries—Blind or Not(整形手术——盲目与否)”符合题意，故选D。 04 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·江苏省锡山高级中学·期末校考) C A study led by a researcher from the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology has updated the fossil(化石)record of mosquitoes(蚊子)by nearly 30 million years and has discovered that ancient male mosquitoes also fed on blood. The study was published online on Monday in the journal Current Biology, which discovered the oldest-known mosquito fossils—two males dating back 130 million years near the town of Hammana in Lebanon. Dany Azar, who led the study, said the fossils not only told us the ancient origins of mosquitoes but also their feeding habits during the early stages of their growth. “We find that the mosquito group is developing, which gives us an idea about their behavior of feeding on blood” said Azar, who has been working on the subject for more than 25 years. Before the recent findings and their study, only female mosquitoes were known to feed on blood, which they need for protein to produce their eggs. Males, which lack skin-piercing(刺入皮肤的)mouthparts, mostly feed on honey and plant juices. “The feeding habits of insects, such as feeding on blood, are believed to have developed from their piercing mouthparts. However, studying the development of this behavior has been challenging due to the lack of insect fossil records.” Azar said. While reexamining the mosquito fossils last year, Azar found that their unique piercing mouthparts, very similar to those of female mosquitoes today, had been kept well. Their sharp mandibles(下颌骨)gradually disappeared over the centuries. Based on the findings, the researchers agreed that male mosquitoes fed on blood 130 million years ago. Azar, who is now a professor at the Nanjing institute, said he hopes that joint scientific explorations can be widely carried out in the future to promote more discoveries. 28. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Female mosquitoes feed on blood for protein to produce eggs. B. A minority of male mosquitoes feed on honey and plant juices. C. Two female mosquito fossils were found near the town of Hammana. D. Male mosquitoes have the same feeding habits as female mosquitoes. 29. According to Azar, why is the study on the development of feeding on blood challenging? A. Because his team lacks money. B. Because there is no talent studying it. C. Because his team wants to study another subject. D. Because his team is short of insect fossil records. 30. What conclusion can we draw from mosquito fossils? A. Female mosquitoes fed on blood 130 million years ago. B. Male mosquitoes’ sharp mouthparts gradually disappeared. C. The mouthparts of the female mosquitoes have been kept well. D. Male mosquitoes once shared similar mouthparts with female today. 31. What’s the article mainly about? A. The mosquito group is developing. B. Ancient male mosquitoes probably fed on blood. C. The oldest-known mosquito fossils were discovered. D. Female and male mosquitoes share similar feeding habits now. 【答案】28. A 29. D 30. D 31. B 【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道(可以视作为说明文)，主要讲的是中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所的一名研究人员领导的一项研究将蚊子的化石记录更新了近3000万年，并发现古代雄性蚊子也以血为食。 28.细节理解题。根据第四段“Before the recent findings and their study, only female mosquitoes were known to feed on blood, which they need for protein to produce their eggs.(在最近的发现和他们的研究之前，人们只知道雌性蚊子以血液为食，它们需要血液提供蛋白质来产卵)”可知，雌蚊以血液为食以获取蛋白质产卵，故选A。 29.细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“However, studying the development of this behavior has been challenging due to the lack of insect fossil records.(然而，由于缺乏昆虫化石记录，研究这种行为的发展一直具有挑战性)”可知，研究以血液为食的发展具有挑战性是因为他的团队缺少昆虫化石记录，故选D。 30.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“While reexamining the mosquito fossils last year, Azar found that their unique piercing mouthparts, very similar to those of female mosquitoes today, had been kept well.(在去年重新检查蚊子化石时，Azar发现它们独特的穿孔口器被保存得很好，与今天的雌蚊子非常相似)”可知，从蚊子化石中我们可以得出的结论是雄蚊曾经和雌蚊用类似的口器，故选D。 31.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“A study led by a researcher from the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology has updated the fossil(化石)record of mosquitoes(蚊子)by nearly 30 million years and has discovered that ancient male mosquitoes also fed on blood.(中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所的一名研究人员领导的一项研究将蚊子的化石记录更新了近3000万年，并发现古代雄性蚊子也以血为食)”可知，本文主要讲的是中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所发现古代雄性蚊子也以血为食，因此主旨是B选项“Ancient male mosquitoes probably fed on blood.(古代的雄蚊可能以血为食)”，故选B。 05 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·常州市·期末统考) C The Longtaitou Festivl, which means “dragon-raises head” in Chinese, is a traditional Chinese festival held on the second day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar. So, it’s also called Eryueer Festival. In Chinese culture, the dragon is an auspicious(吉利的)animal that dominates clouds and rains. The 2nd day of the 2nd lunar month is thought to be the day when dragon awakes and raises its head according to the Chinese folk legend. So the day is called Dragon Heads-raising Day. After the day, spring is coming and there will be more and more rain. People think these credits(功劳)go to the dragon. So the day is also called Spring Dragon Festival. Since the Tang Dynasty(618-907 AD), Chinese people have had the custom of spending the Spring Dragon Festival. The most popular custom on the Dragon Heads-raising Day is cutting hair. Dragon is highly honored for its dignity(尊贵)and power for good. It is thought to be auspicious to cut hair on the Dragon Heads-raising Day. Luck and opportunities will always knock you in the year. So, on that day, barbershops’(理发店的)businesses are growing and full of customers. The most common foods for celebrating the festival are popcorns, pancakes, noodles, dumplings, fired soy beans and pig’s head. People in different areas have different traditions about the food on the day. In Beijing, people eat Lvdagunr(Glutinous Rice Rolls with Sweet Bean Flour)and spring pancakes on the day. In Shanxi, people like to eat fried dough twists(油条)and pancakes. In Shandong, fried soy beans, noodles and dumplings are the festival food. In Fuzhou, the salted porridge made of glutinous rice, celery, scallion, garlic, fry dried shrimps and shredded meat is eaten. These show people’s hope to be blessed(保佑)with favorable weather and plentiful grain harvest by the dragon. 28. Which of the following is true about the Longtaitou Festival? A. It dates back to Song Dynasty. B. It is celebrated for two days. C. It attracts fewer people than other festivals. D. It suggests the return of spring. 29. Why do people cut hair on the Dragon Heads-raising Day? A. It is the most popular custom. B. It is in honor of dragon’s dignity and power. C. It is people’s wish for luck and opportunities. D. It is a sign of barbershops’ prospering businesses. 30. What can we infer from the third paragraph about the Longtaitou Festival? A. People in China share the similar traditional foods on he day. B. Foods for celebrating the festival usually bear people’s best wishes. C. Salted foods are used to celebrate the festival throughout China. D. Traditional foods on the day are prepared for the dragon to eat. 31. What might be the best title for the text? A. The Dragon Heads-raising Day. B. The celebrations of the Longtaitou Festival. C. The origin of the Longtaitou Festival. D. The purpose of the Dragon Heads-raising Day. 【答案】28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是龙抬头的一些习俗。 28.细节理解题。根据第一段“After the day, spring is coming and there will be more and more rain.(一天过后，春天来了，雨会越来越多)”可知，龙抬头预示着春天的回归，故选D。 29.推理判断题。根据第二段“It is thought to be auspicious to cut hair on the Dragon Heads-raising Day. Luck and opportunities will always knock you in the year.(人们认为在龙抬头日剪头发是吉祥的。在这一年运气和机会总是敲你的门)”可知，人们在在龙抬头日剪头发是人们对好运和机会的渴望，故选C。 30.推理判断题。根据最后一段“These show people’s hope to be blessed(保佑)with favorable weather and plentiful grain harvest by the dragon.(这些表达了人们希望龙能保佑他们风和日丽、五谷丰登)”可知，庆祝龙抬头的食物通常承载着人们最美好的祝愿，故选B。 31.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“The Longtaitou Festivl, which means “dragon-raises head” in Chinese, is a traditional Chinese festival held on the second day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar.(龙抬头节，中文意思是“龙抬头”，是中国的传统节日，在农历二月初二举行)”可知，本文主要介绍的是中国的传统节日——龙抬头节，因此最好的题目是A选项“The Dragon Heads-raising Day.(龙抬头节)”，故选A。 06 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·常州溧阳市·期末统考) C Here’s an all-too-familiar situation: You excitedly packed for your beach trip. Luckily, you remembered all the necessities: socks, underwear, a phone charger and your passport, etc. But upon arrival, you realized you forgot to bring your toothbrush. In a new study, researchers suggest offloading important to-do items—for example, by setting reminders on your phone—could clear brain space to better remember the little things, like your toothbrush. To prove this, the researchers developed a memory task to be played on a touch screen computer. The test was undertaken by 158 volunteers aged between 18 and 71. They were shown 12 numbered circles on the screen, and had to remember to drag some of these to the left and some to the right. The number of circles that they remembered to drag to the correct side decided their rewards at the end of the experiment. One side was “high value’, meaning that remembering to drag a circle to this side was worth 10 times as much money as remembering to drag a circle to the other “low value” side. Volunteers performed this task 16 times. They had to use their own memory to remember at half of the trials and they were allowed to set reminders on the external digital devices for the other half. The researchers found volunteers tended to use the digital devices to store details of the high-value circles. And, when they did so, their memory for those circles was improved by 18%. “What was unexpected was that their memory for low-value circles was also improved by 27%, even in those who had never set any reminders for low-value circles,” said Sam Gilbect. However, results also showed a potential cost to using reminders. When reminders were taken away, the volunteers remembered the low-value circles better than the high-value ones. “Far from causing digital dementia(痴呆), using a memory device can even improve our memory for information that we never saved. But we need to be careful that we back up the most important information. Otherwise, if a memory tool fails, we could be left with nothing but less important  information in our own memory,” Gilbert said. 28. The situation in paragraph 1 is described to show that ________. A. our memory is incorrect sometimes B. our memory has a certain preference C. our memory has an order of importance D. our memory is likely to weaken over time 29. What can we learn about the experiment? A. Volunteers’ performance was connected with their ages. B. Volunteers tended to set reminders for low-value circles. C. Volunteers were not allowed to use devices in the experiment. D. Dragging high-value circles to the correct side would win more awards. 30. What surprised the researchers? A. Digital devices did harm to the brain when used improperly. B. Volunteers tended to remember low-value information better. C. Volunteers’ memory for low-value content was improved too. D. Volunteers tended to use digital devices for high-value information. 31. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. We rely too much on to-do lists B. Digital reminders are replacing human memory C. Overuse of technology leads to digital dementia D. Using digital reminders helps improve our memory 【答案】28. C 29. D 30. C 31. D 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究表明，通过使用数字设备提醒，人们可以更好地记住重要事项，并且甚至可以提高对未保存信息的记忆。然而，文章也指出，过度依赖提醒可能导致遗忘，因此需要谨慎使用。 28.推理判断题。根据第一段“Here’s an all-too-familiar situation: You excitedly packed for your beach trip. Luckily, you remembered all the necessities: socks, underwear, a phone charger and your passport, etc. But upon arrival, you realized you forgot to bring your toothbrush.(这是一个再熟悉不过的场景：你兴奋地为你的海滩旅行打包行李。幸运的是，你记得所有的必需品：袜子、内衣、手机充电器和护照等。但是到了之后，你发现你忘了带牙刷)”可知，作者通过描述一个人忘记带牙刷去海滩旅行的情景，告诉我们的记忆会记得所有重要的东西，而忽略一些看似微不足道的东西。所以，这一情景是为了说明我们的记忆有一定的优先级或重要性顺序，故选C项。 29.细节理解题。根据第二段中“One side was “high value’, meaning that remembering to drag a circle to this side was worth 10 times as much money as remembering to drag a circle to the other “low value” side.(一边是“高价值”，这意味着记住把一个圆圈拖到这一边的价值是记住把一个圆圈拖到“低价值”的另一边的10倍)”可知，将高价值的圆圈拖到正确的一边将赢得更多的奖励，故选D项。 30.细节理解题。根据第四段中“What was unexpected was that their memory for low-value circles was also improved by 27%, even in those who had never set any reminders for low-value circles(令人意想不到的是，即使是那些从未为低价值圆圈设置任何提醒的人，他们对低价值圆圈的记忆也提高了27%)”可知，使用数字设备提醒意外地提高了对低价值信息的记忆。因此，志愿者对低价值内容的记忆提高使研究人员感到惊讶，故选C项。 31.主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“In a new study, researchers suggest offloading important to-do items—for example, by setting reminders on your phone—could clear brain space to better remember the little things, like your toothbrush.(在一项新的研究中，研究人员建议放下重要的待办事项——例如，在手机上设置提醒——可以腾出大脑空间，更好地记住小事情，比如你的牙刷)”和下文内容可知，文章介绍了通过使用数字设备提醒，人们可以更好地记住重要事项，并且甚至可以更好地记住小事情，所以“Using digital reminders helps improve our memory(使用电子提醒有助于提高我们的记忆力)”是文章最佳标题，故选D项。 07 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·镇江市·期末统考) C Mammoth Cave National Park, in the state of Kentucky, is a unique and historical natural wonder. It has the world’s longest cave system. There may be another 600 miles of cave passageways that have yet to be explored. In addition, more than 200 caves that are disconnected from the larger system can be found in the park. The underground caves were created naturally by the process of limestone(石灰岩)erosion. Rain and rivers slowly dissolve(溶解)and shape soft limestone. The system is still being shaped today. Not only are they an amazing destination to visit, but the system also provides drinking water for about 40% of the US population. The caves’ first explorers were Native Americans, who mined(采矿)the upper levels of Mammoth Cave. Later, the sites were left in great shape and began to draw public interest. Mammoth Cave was made into a national park thanks to strong support. Back in the 1920s, the Southern Appalachian National Park Commission was set up in 1925. After years of work, as well as building roads and public facilities, the park was completed on July 1, 1941. The park now receives around 2 million visitors a year, with about a quarter taking a tour of the caves—everything from a cultural tour to the more adventurous tours on offer. The cave supports more than 130 wildlife species(物种). The park is also much more than just a cave; the forest around has a diverse(多种多样的)range of species. There are miles of trails open for horseback riding, with canoe trails and great fishing spots. There are also more than 1,300 flowering species in the forest, and animals like wood warblers, thrushes, and bald eagles can regularly be seen. 28. What can we learn about Mammoth Cave from the first two paragraphs? A. It was made by ancient people. B. It has the length of 600 miles. C. It is made up of 200 connected caves. D. It has a large underground system. 29. How do the caves form? A. Explorers mine the upper levels. B. The government searches for drinkable water. C. Water dissolves limestone. D. People build roads and public facilities. 30. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. More than 1,300 flowers grow in the caves. B. The park offers visitors diverse experiences. C. Most visitors come to the park just for caves. D. Two million people have visited the park till now. 31. What is the best title for the text? A. Planning cave tours around the world B. Exploring the world’s longest cave system C. Learning about the explorers of Mammoth Cave D. Predicting the future of Mammoth Cave National Park 【答案】28. D 29. C 30. B 31. B 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肯塔基州的一个洞穴公园的具体情况。 28.细节理解题。根据第一段中“Mammoth Cave National Park, in the state of Kentucky, is a unique and historical natural wonder. It has the world’s longest cave system.(位于肯塔基州的猛犸洞国家公园是一个独特的历史自然奇观。它拥有世界上最长的洞穴系统)”和第二段中“The underground caves were created naturally by the process of limestone(石灰岩)erosion.(地下洞穴是由石灰石侵蚀过程自然形成的)”可知，猛犸洞有一个庞大的地下系统，故选D项。 29.细节理解题。根据第二段中“The underground caves were created naturally by the process of limestone(石灰岩)erosion. Rain and rivers slowly dissolve(溶解)and shape soft limestone. The system is still being shaped today.(地下洞穴是由石灰石侵蚀过程自然形成的。雨水和河流慢慢溶解，形成柔软的石灰岩。今天，这一体系仍在塑造之中)”可知，洞穴是通过水溶解石灰岩形成的，故选C项。 30.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The park now receives around 2 million visitors a year, with about a quarter taking a tour of the caves—everything from a cultural tour to the more adventurous tours on offer. The cave supports more than 130 wildlife species(物种). The park is also much more than just a cave; the forest around has a diverse(多种多样的)range of species. There are miles of trails open for horseback riding, with canoe trails and great fishing spots. There are also more than 1,300 flowering species in the forest, and animals like wood warblers, thrushes, and bald eagles can regularly be seen.(现在，该公园每年接待约200万游客，其中约四分之一的人会参观洞穴——从文化之旅到更冒险的旅行都有。洞穴里生活着130多种野生动物。这个公园也不仅仅是一个洞穴；周围的森林里有各种各样的物种。这里有数英里的小径可供骑马，还有独木舟小径和绝佳的钓鱼点。森林里还有1300多种开花物种，经常可以看到林莺、画眉和秃鹰等动物)”可知，从最后一段我们能了解到，公园为游客提供了多样化的体验，故选B项。 31.主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“Mammoth Cave National Park, in the state of Kentucky, is a unique and historical natural wonder. It has the world’s longest cave system. There may be another 600 miles of cave passageways that have yet to be explored. In addition, more than 200 caves that are disconnected from the larger system can be found in the park.(位于肯塔基州的猛犸洞国家公园是一个独特的历史自然奇观。它拥有世界上最长的洞穴系统。可能还有600英里的洞穴通道尚未被探索。此外，在公园里可以找到200多个与大系统分离的洞穴)”可知，猛犸洞国家公园的石灰岩洞穴系统的自然景观的形成过程，以及政府为开发这个国家公园的支持，还有它的特色和历史意义，B项“探索世界上最长的洞穴系统”为最佳题目，故选B项。 08 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·南通市·期末统考) C A famous health tip says you’d better drink eight glasses of water(about two liters)a day. However, the results of a new study suggest that fewer are needed. An international group led by scientists at the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology in China found that the average daily water intake of a man in his 20s should be 1.5 to 1.8 liters, while it should be 1.3 to 1.4 liters for a female in the same age group. The study published recently in the Journal Science described, for the first time, a set of equations(方程组)to predict human water turnover, a sign reflecting the amount of water used by the body each day. The researchers investigated 5,604 participants from the ages of 8 days to 96 years from more than 20 countries, using isotope(同位素)-tracking methods. They have found that a man aged 20 to 35 consumes 4.2 liters of water each day, while a woman aged 30 to 60 consumes 3.3 liters, with the water requirements dropping as he or she ages. Since the metabolism(新陈代谢)and water exchange on skin can provide 15 percent, while food and drinking respectively contributing half of the remaining 85 percent, people are encouraged to drink less than 45 percent of the total daily turnover, according to the researchers. “The majority of people perhaps don’t have to drink eight glasses of water a day,” says Zhang Xueying, co-first author of the paper and an assistant research fellow at the SIAT. The total water input and output change according to a number of factors, including body size, physical activity, air temperature and altitude(海拔), according to the study. “The equations can be applied to individuals around the world,” says Zhang. However, people living in countries with a low human development index(指数)have higher water turnover than people in developed countries, she adds. The study challenges the long-standing belief and marks the first step towards a personalized prediction of water requirements, says John Speakman, who also works at the SIAT. 28. How did the researchers carry out the study? A. By offering examples. B. By analyzing figures. C. By performing interviews. D. By making predictions. 29. Why do most people drink less than eight glasses of water per day? A. Their daily diets are rich in protein. B. Their bodies don’t need so much water. C. They belong to different age groups. D. They take in water from various sources. 30. What can we learn from paragraph 4? A. Living conditions influence human water turnover. B. The equations are used to determine water turnover. C. Body size is unlikely to change the output of water. D. Temperature has nothing to do with the input of water. 31. What does John Speakman think of the study? A. It has a long way to go. B. It remains a riddle. C. It wins public support. D. It is beyond control. 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. A 31. A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究结果表明人体每天所需要的水实际少于八杯水(大约两升)，向长期以来的信念——每天喝八杯水发出挑战。 28.推理判断题。根据文章第二段“They have found that a man aged 20 to 35 consumes 4.2 liters of water each day, while a woman aged 30 to 60 consumes 3.3 liters, with the water requirements dropping as he or she ages.(他们发现，20至35岁的男性每天消耗4.2升水，而30至60岁的女性每天消耗3.3升水，随着年龄的增长，所需水量会下降)”可知，研究人员通过分析数字来进行研究，故选B项。 29.推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Since the metabolism and water exchange on skin can provide 15 percent, while food and drinking respectively contributing half of the remaining 85 percent, people are encouraged to drink less than 45 percent of the total daily turnover, according to the researchers.(研究人员表示，由于皮肤上的新陈代谢和水分交换可以提供15%的水分，而食物和饮料分别占剩余85%的一半，因此鼓励人们饮水量低于每日总饮水量的45%)”可知，大多数人每天喝的水少于八杯，因为他们从各种来源摄入水，故选D项。 30.细节理解题。根据文章第四段“However, people living in countries with a low human development index have higher water turnover than people in developed countries, she adds.(然而，她补充道，生活在人类发展指数低的国家的人的水资源周转率高于发达国家的人)”可知，生活条件影响人类的水资源周转率，故选A项。 31.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The study challenges the long-standing belief and marks the first step towards a personalized prediction of water requirements, says John Speakman, who also works at the SIAT.(同样在SIAT工作的John Speakman说，这项研究挑战了长期以来的信念，标志着朝着个性化预测需水量迈出了第一步)”可知，这项研究仅仅迈出了个性化预测需水量的第一步，故这项研究还有很长的路要走，故选A项。 09 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·南通海安市·期末统考) C(原卷为B篇) Summer is always a busy travel season, but even at peak times like July, that doesn’t necessarily mean you’ll see lots of hotels with No Vacancy(空房)signs. More and more travelers are choosing instead to stay in vacation rentals: decorated private houses, rooms, or apartments that only you and your party share for the period of your stay. Or you can get adventurous and book a cabin, a tree house, a houseboat, or even a castle. The idea appeared in 2007, when Brian Chesky and Joe Gebbia, the owners of a hotel, realizing that a San Francisco tech meeting would make hotel rooms in the area harder to come by, let travelers sleep on air mattresses(充气床垫)in their apartment for a fee. They called it Air Bed and Breakfast, and the company—now known as Airbnb—is worth almost $100 billion today and has six million listings worldwide. More space is a major attraction of this accommodation(住宿): the average hotel room measures just 330 square feet, while the average vacation rental room tops 1,300. And in 20 of the largest U. S. cities, average daily rates are comparable to(or slightly lower than)those of hotels. If you’re willing to share your own digs while you’re away, Love Home Swap pairs you with like-minded travelers for stays in each other’s homes for a membership fee as low as $ 11 per month. If you’d like to list your home, check your local zoning laws, as some areas have strict rules on short-term rentals. In parts of Honolulu, a new law taking effect in October will up the minimum stay to 90 days. 28. What can we learn from Paragraph 1? A. Vacation rentals have replaced hotels nowadays. B. Travelers have more options of where to live now. C. Hotels have no empty rooms during travel seasons. D. Instead of staying in rentals, travelers choose private rooms. 29. What inspired Chesky and Gebbia to start vacation rentals? A. The presence of the Airbnb. B. The requirement of travelers. C. The shortage of hotel rooms. D. The popularity of air mattresses. 30. If you want to use Love Home Swap, you should ______. A. become its member first B. rent your house for free C. list your house for at least 90 days D. find partners with the similar ideas 31. What’s the purpose of the passage? A. To list the various rentals for travelers. B. To urge hotels to take on more vacation rentals. C. To compare two different ways to spend vacation. D. To introduce a new trend on vacation accommodation. 【答案】28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了越来越多的旅行者选择租住度假屋，介绍了这种独家方式的起源以及吸引力所在。 28.细节理解题。根据第一段“Summer is always a busy travel season, but even at peak times like July, that doesn’t necessarily mean you’ll see lots of hotels with No Vacancy(空房)signs. More and more travelers are choosing instead to stay in vacation rentals: decorated private houses, rooms, or apartments that only you and your party share for the period of your stay. Or you can get adventurous and book a cabin, a tree house, a houseboat, or even a castle.(夏季总是旅游旺季，但即使在7月这样的旺季，也不一定意味着你会看到很多酒店挂着“客满”的招牌。越来越多的旅行者选择租住度假屋：装修好的私人房屋、房间或公寓，只有你和你的团队在你逗留期间共享。或者你也可以大胆一点，预定一个小木屋、树屋、船屋，甚至是一座城堡)”可知，关于住在哪里，旅行者现在有更多的选择，故选B。 29.细节理解题。根据第二段“The idea appeared in 2007, when Brian Chesky and Joe Gebbia, the owners of a hotel, realizing that a San Francisco tech meeting would make hotel rooms in the area harder to come by, let travelers sleep on air mattresses(充气床垫)in their apartment for a fee. They called it Air Bed and Breakfast, and the company—now known as Airbnb—is worth almost $100 billion today and has six million listings worldwide.(这个想法出现在2007年，当时一家酒店的老板布莱恩·切斯基和乔·格比亚意识到旧金山的科技会议将使该地区的酒店房间更难找到，于是让旅行者在他们的公寓里免费睡在空气床垫上。他们将其命名为“空中住宿加早餐”，如今这家公司的市值接近1000亿美元，在全球拥有600万套房源)”可知，酒店房间短缺促使切斯基和格比亚开始度假租赁，故选C。 30.细节理解题。根据最后一段“If you’re willing to share your own digs while you’re away, Love Home Swap pairs you with like-minded travelers for stays in each other’s homes for a membership fee as low as $ 11 per month.(如果你愿意在你离开的时候分享你自己的住处，Love Home Swap让你和志同道合的旅行者一起住在对方的家里，会员费低至每月11美元)”可知，如果你想使用Love Home Swap，你应该先成为其会员，故选A。 31.推理判断题。根据第一段“More and more travelers are choosing instead to stay in vacation rentals: decorated private houses, rooms, or apartments that only you and your party share for the period of your stay. Or you can get adventurous and book a cabin, a tree house, a houseboat, or even a castle.(越来越多的旅行者选择租住度假屋：装修好的私人房屋、房间或公寓，只有你和你的团队在你逗留期间共享。或者你也可以大胆一点，预定一个小木屋、树屋、船屋，甚至是一座城堡)”结合文章主要说明了越来越多的旅行者选择租住度假屋，介绍了这种独家方式的起源以及吸引力所在。可推知，文章的目的是介绍度假住宿的新趋势，故选D。 10 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·南通海安市·期末统考) C A hollow(空洞)halfway up a tree might seem like a strange place to look for a water-loving animal, but the results of a new survey have showed that common toads(蟾蜍)in the U. K. are skillful tree climbers. The surprising discovery was made by researchers from the University of Cambridge, working with Froglife, a charity devoted to amphibians(animals such as frogs and toads that divide their time between being on land and in water). The team looked at reports from volunteers who were studying special nest boxes as part of the National Dormouse(睡鼠)Monitoring Program and the Bat Tree habitat Key project. “We couldn’t believe what we found,” said Nida Alfulaij, a scientist who supported the work. “We’re used to discovering woodland birds and other small mammals in nest boxes, but we hadn’t considered finding amphibians in them.” More than 50 common toads were found in very unexpected places: in parts of trees that are usually used by bats, in nest boxes designed for dormice, and even in old birds’ nests. That’s such a surprisingly high number that the researchers think tree-climbing must be a common toad habit—it’s just never been noticed before. The researchers say this shows how sharing data between surveys with different aims can lead to new discoveries—even about species that experts believe they know well. Through the discoveries the researchers also have a clear understanding of how important tree hollows, cracks and holes are to all sorts of animals. It’s still unclear how easy the toads find it to climb—they were spotted up to 3 meters high in trees but this was as far up as the volunteers were looking, so they could be going even higher. Why do the kind of toads climb the trees? The researchers have some guesses, such as looking for food, hiding from hunters or avoiding pests such as the toad fly. It is still a puzzle. 28. What do we know about the new study? A. It relied on the early studies of the team. B. It came as no surprise to the researchers. C. It resulted from the data of other surveys. D. It proves what experts have known before. 29. Which of the following statements about toads is TRUE? A. Trees are believed to be toads’ best place to live in. B. They climb trees to keep bats and dormice company. C. The proper number of toads living together is 50 or so. D. The toads may have formed the habit of climbing before. 30. What may the team research about common toads in the future? A. Other living habits. B. The reasons for climbing. C. The ways to avoid pests. D. More examples of the finding. 31. Where may be the passage taken from? A. A science journal about biology. B. A paper about the habitats of birds. C. A fiction about amphibians animals. D. A course about the significance of trees. 【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的调查结果，该结果表明英国普通的蟾蜍是熟练的爬树者。 28.细节理解题。由文章第二段中“The team looked at reports from volunteers who were studying special nest boxes as part of the National Dormouse Monitoring Program and the Bat Tree habitat Key project.(研究小组查看了志愿者的报告，这些志愿者正在研究特殊的巢箱，巢箱是国家睡鼠监测计划和蝙蝠树栖息地重点项目的一部分)”和第三段中“The researchers say this shows how sharing data between surveys with different aims can lead to new discoveries—even about species that experts believe they know well.(研究人员说，这表明在不同目的的调查之间共享数据可以带来新的发现——甚至是专家们认为他们很了解的物种)”可知，这项新研究来自其它调查的数据，故选C。 29.细节理解题。由文章第二段中“That’s such a surprisingly high number that the researchers think tree-climbing must be a common toad habit—it’s just never been noticed before.(这是如此惊人的高，以至于研究人员认为爬树一定是蟾蜍的一种常见习惯——只是以前从未被注意到)”可知，蟾蜍以前可能养成了攀爬的习惯，故选D。 30.推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Why do the kind of toads climb the trees? The researchers have some guesses, such as looking for food, hiding from hunters or avoiding pests such as the toad fly. It is still a puzzle.(为什么这种蟾蜍会爬树？研究人员有一些猜测，比如寻找食物，躲避猎人或躲避蟾蜍蝇等害虫。这仍然是一个谜)”可知，该团队未来可能会研究蟾蜍攀爬的原因，故选B。 31.推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“but the results of a new survey have showed that common toads in the U. K. are skillful tree climbers(但一项新的调查结果表明，英国的蟾蜍是熟练的爬树者)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项新的调查结果，该结果表明英国的蟾蜍是熟练的爬树者，所以文章有可能来自于一本关于生物学的科学期刊，故选A。 11 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·扬州市·期末统考) C(原卷为B篇) The brain might be the place where memories are stored, and its health and efficiency depend a lot on the general health of the body. Put simply, what’s good for the body is good for the brain. Regular physical exercise doesn’t just build muscles and keep weight in check. It also protects memory and thinking skills. Research at the University of British Columbia found that regular aerobic exercise, the kind that increases your heart rate, also increases the size of the brain’s hippocampus(海马体). And a University of Maryland study found that memory improved in older adults after a 12-week exercise program. If you’re not into running or even fast walking, how about dancing? It turns out that taking a dance class may be one of the best activities you can do for your brain. A research team at the Albert Einstein School of Medicine looked at the effects of physical activity on preventing memory loss, and found that ballroom dancing was particularly effective, leading to enhancements in memory, attention and focus. “Dancing combines physical activity, learning something new, and social engagement,” says Dr. Salinas, a neurologist at NYU Langone Health. “The more of these factors an activity has, the better off you will be.” Sleep is also important for memory formation, especially long-term memory formation. When you’re asleep, the brain runs the tape of what it recorded during the day, gets rid of information that isn’t relevant and then stores other information for the long term. Besides, doing those mentally engaging activities, such as playing crossword puzzles, can also help keep our minds active. Learning a new language is often regarded as an ideal activity for brain health. “Doing something new and challenging contributes to forming new pathways in the brain, helping information go from one part of the brain to another,” says Dr. Salinas. While genetics(基因学)and family history play some roles in the risk of memory problems, so do plenty of other factors. Addressing any of these may make your memory sharper. 28. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? (①—Paragraph 1; ②—Paragraph 2; ③—Paragraph 3; ④—Paragraph 4; ⑤—Paragraph 5; ⑥—paragraph 6; ⑦—Paragraph 7) A. B. C. D. 29. What does the underlined word “enhancements” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Improvements. B. Effects. C. Troubles. D. Skills. 30. Why does the author mention Dr. Salinas’ words in Paragraph 4? A. To explain why dancing is one of the best activities for brain. B. To show which activity is likely to bring us the most benefits. C. To suggest that we should dance instead of doing other exercise. D. To conclude that the more activities we do, the healthier we will be. 31. Why is learning a new language regarded as an ideal activity for brain health? A. Because it helps store information. B. Because it is not very challenging. C. Because it makes use of pathways. D. Because it keeps our minds active. 【答案】28. C 29. A 30. A 31. D 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了对大脑有好处的一些活动。 28.推理判断题。根据全文内容，第一段中“Put simply, what’s good for the body is good for the brain.(简而言之，对身体有益的东西对大脑也有益)”提出文章主题，第二、三和四段都是描述体育锻炼对大脑的好处，第二段中“Regular physical exercise doesn’t just build muscles and keep weight in check.(定期的体育锻炼不仅仅是锻炼肌肉和控制体重)”为主旨句，第三段和第四段以跳舞举例说明，根据第五段中“Sleep is also important for memory formation, especially long-term memory formation.(睡眠对记忆的形成也很重要，尤其是长期记忆的形成)”可知，该段是讲述睡眠对大脑的好处，根据第六段中“Besides, doing those mentally engaging activities, such as playing crossword puzzles, can also help keep our minds active.(此外，做一些脑力活动，比如玩填字游戏，也可以帮助我们保持思维活跃)”可知，该段是讲述做一些脑力活动对大脑的好处，最后一段总结全文，故本文正确的结构是C项，故选C。 29.词义猜测题。根据划线词前“A research team at the Albert Einstein School of Medicine looked at the effects of physical activity on preventing memory loss, and found that ballroom dancing was particularly effective(阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦医学院的一个研究小组研究了体育活动对预防记忆丧失的影响，发现交际舞特别有效)”可知，交际舞对于预防记忆丧失有效，由此推知此处指“可以增强记忆力、注意力和专注力”，enhancements意为“增强，提高”，故选A。 30.推理判断题。第三段中“It turns out that taking a dance class may be one of the best activities you can do for your brain.(事实证明，参加舞蹈课可能是你能做的对大脑最好的活动之一)”提到，跳舞对大脑有好处，根据第四段“‘Dancing combines physical activity, learning something new, and social engagement,’ says Dr. Salinas, a neurologist at NYU Langone Health. ‘The more of these factors an activity has, the better off you will be.’(‘跳舞结合了身体活动、学习新事物和社会参与，’纽约大学朗格尼健康中心的神经学家Salinas博士说。‘一项活动包含的这些因素越多，你就会越好。’)”可知，作者提及Salinas说的话是为了解释跳舞对大脑有好处的原因，故选A。 31.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Besides, doing those mentally engaging activities, such as playing crossword puzzles, can also help keep our minds active. Learning a new language is often regarded as an ideal activity for brain health.(此外，做一些脑力活动，比如玩填字游戏，也可以帮助我们保持思维活跃。学习一门新语言通常被认为是有益于大脑健康的理想活动)”可知，学习一门新语言被认为是有益于大脑健康的理想活动，是因为它让我们的思维保持活跃，故选D。 12 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·扬州市·期末统考) C In 2019, Air Company gained public attention when it produced vodka(伏特加)from carbon in the air, in order to reduce the amount of the harmful greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. Today, the company has begun using the same process to make fuel(燃料)for airplanes. Air Company’s clean aircraft fuel, which was recently tested, could some day help the airline industry achieve its goal of net zero carbon emissions(排放)by 2050. Currently, the airline industry accounts for about 3% of total global carbon emissions each year, and mainly uses traditional, fossil-based fuels. A number of producers of clean aircraft fuel have come out in recent years, many of whom use something like plant material and cooking oil. But Air Company’s production process starts by pulling harmful carbon emissions out of the air. The company first harvests carbon, mostly from industrial settings. It then takes water, separates the hydrogen from the oxygen, and puts the carbon together with the hydrogen and other mixtures. After that, it distills(蒸馏)that solution down. The final products are ethyl alcohol(乙醇)to make the company’s vodka and other products such as perfume, as well as paraffin, which forms the basis of its aircraft fuel. By the time a plane has flown using Air Company’s fuel, it will have given off the same amount of carbon dioxide(CO2)back into the atmosphere as was acquired to make the fuel. “Already, some of the world’s biggest airlines are supporting Air Company’s dream. They have agreed to buy millions of gallons of its fuel in the coming years.” The company manager says, “However, to get to those large industrial markets like aircraft fuel, traditionally known as the hottest industry to get green, is a long way to go. It’s going to take time, money and effort.” 28. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A. Air Company is famous for producing vodka. B. Air Company no longer uses traditional fuels. C. Air Company’s fuel is likely to be environmentally friendly. D. Air Company accounts for 3% of total global carbon emissions. 29. What does the underlined part “that solution” refer to in Paragraph 4? A. Ethyl alcohol forming the aircraft fuel. B. Hydrogen that is separated from water. C. Oxygen, hydrogen, carbon and ethyl alcohol. D. Mix of carbon, hydrogen and other mixtures. 30. What can be inferred from the manager’s words in the last paragraph? A. Major Airlines have already put Air Company’s fuel into use. B. It takes time for Air Company’s fuel to be used on regular flights. C. The fuel produced by Air Company is sure to be very expensive. D. Air company alone will be able to occupy the aircraft fuel markets. 31. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Air Company: Make Air Travel Green B. Air Company’s Carbon Production Dream C. Air Company’s Environmental Supporters D. Air Company: Make Traditional Fuels Available 【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Air Company生产的清洁飞机燃料。 28.细节理解题。根据第一段中“In 2019, Air Company gained public attention when it produced vodka(伏特加)from carbon in the air, in order to reduce the amount of the harmful greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. Today, the company has begun using the same process to make fuel(燃料)for airplanes.(2019年，为了减少大气中有害温室气体的含量，Air Company利用空气中的碳生产伏特加，引起了公众的关注。今天，该公司已经开始使用相同的工艺来制造飞机燃料)”和第二段中“Air Company’s clean aircraft fuel, which was recently tested, could some day help the airline industry achieve its goal of net zero carbon emissions(排放)by 2050.(Air Company的清洁飞机燃料最近经过测试，有朝一日可能帮助航空业实现到2050年实现净零碳排放的目标)”可知，Air Company使用空气中的碳生产飞机燃料，该燃料经过测试，有朝一日可能帮助航空业实现到2050年实现净零碳排放的目标。由此可知，Air Company的燃料很可能是环保的，故选C。 29.词义猜测题。根据第四段中“It then takes water, separates the hydrogen from the oxygen, and puts the carbon together with the hydrogen and other mixtures. After that, it distills(蒸馏)that solution down.(然后它吸收水，将氢和氧分离，将碳和氢以及其他混合物放在一起。之后，它将该溶液蒸馏出来)”可知，“溶液”指的是上文提到的“碳和氢以及其他混合物的混合溶液”，故选D。 30.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, to get to those large industrial markets like aircraft fuel, traditionally known as the hottest industry to get green, is a long way to go. It’s going to take time, money and effort.(然而，要进入像飞机燃料这样的大型工业市场，传统上被认为是最热门的绿色工业，还有很长的路要走。这需要时间、金钱和努力)”可推知，Air Company生产的燃料被运用于常规的航班还需要时间，故选B。 31.主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第二段中“Air Company’s clean aircraft fuel, which was recently tested, could some day help the airline industry achieve its goal of net zero carbon emissions(排放)by 2050.(Air Company的清洁飞机燃料最近经过测试，有朝一日可能帮助航空业实现到2050年实现净零碳排放的目标)”可知，文章主要介绍了Air Company生产的清洁飞机燃料。由此可知，A项“Air Company：使航空旅行变得环保”为最佳标题，故选A。 13 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·宿迁泗阳县·期末统考) C(原卷为B篇) In 2007, Christine Me Millan interviewed seniors about their most pressing needs, who lived in Bowling Green 2, a private apartment building. It offers great conveniences: affordable apartments and within walking distance of grocery stores, drugstores and banks. However, the 12 citizens McMillan spoke to shared a serious unaddressed problem: loneliness. Most sat in their apartments all day, watching TV and napping and living on tea, toast and cereal because they were unwilling to cook a proper meal for themselves. They were afraid of going into long-term care but couldn’t afford to move to a nursing home(养老院). “What they said really concerned me,” says McMillan. “Why couldn’t the activities and meals in the common room of a nursing home exist in the shared spaces of a private apartment building?” McMillan and her team, who named their concept Oasis, encouraged Bowling Green 2’s landlord(房东)to let the group use the common room and to change an unused space into a coffee lounge for members. In 2010, with funding(资金)from the government, they hired fulltime workers to run the program, including group exercise classes and activities like art lessons and Wii bowling. Meanwhile, Oasis partnered with St. Lawrence College, whose culinary(烹饪的)students created healthy meals for a small fee. Within the first year, the program almost doubled in size. Seventy-seven-year-old Elaine Watier, who moved into the building and joined Oasis in 2017, immediately benefited from the program, learning to play bridge and starting a craft group that makes projects for local charities and hospitals. “It’s given me a sense of worth,” she says. “And I’m never lonely.” In 2018, Oasis attracted the attention of researchers at Queen’s University. “I saw this as an perfect program to support older adults at home,” explains Catherine Donnelly, director of the school’s Health Services and Policy Research Institute, reporting the program had led to fewer falls, less inactivity, better nutrition and an increased sense of community. 28. What is probably the major concern of the 12 citizens in Bowling Green 2? A. Cooking tasty meals. B. Going to a nursing home. C. Settling extreme loneliness. D. Attending routine activities 29. What can we learn from Oasis in paragraph 3? A. It was warmly received by the senior citizens. B. It provided meals to culinary students for free. C. It received economic support from organizations. D. It hired part-time workers to operate the program. 30. Why does the author mention Elaine Watier? A. To draw more funding. B. To attract more older adults. C. To achieve a sense of worth. D. To show the benefits of Oasis. 31. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Loneliness: The Universal Issue B. McMillan: The Founder of Oasis C. Oasis: The Home of Senior Citizens D. Activities: The Art Lessons for Old People 【答案】28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了帮助老年人的项目——Oasis的具体情况，例如原因、发起者、意义等等。 28.细节理解题。由文章第一段中“However, the 12 citizens McMillan spoke to shared a serious unaddressed problem: loneliness.(然而，麦克米伦采访的12位市民都有一个严重的未解决问题：孤独)”可知，解决极度的孤独可能是鲍灵格林2号的12名市民最关心的问题，故选C。 29.推理判断题。由文章第三段“McMillan and her team, who named their concept Oasis, encouraged Bowling Green 2’s landlord(房东)to let the group use the common room and to change an unused space into a coffee lounge for members. n 2010, with funding(资金)from the government, they hired fulltime workers to run the program, including group exercise classes and activities like art lessons and Wii bowling. Meanwhile, Oasis partnered with St. Lawrence College, whose culinary(烹饪的)students created healthy meals for a small fee. Within the first year, the program almost doubled in size.(McMillan和她的团队将他们的概念命名为Oasis，他们鼓励鲍灵格林2号的房东让他们使用公共休息室，并将一个未使用的空间改为成员的咖啡休息室。2010年，在政府的资助下，他们雇佣了全职员工来管理这个项目，包括团体锻炼课程以及艺术课和Wii保龄球等活动。与此同时，Oasis与St. Lawrence College合作，后者的烹饪专业学生制作健康膳食，收取少量费用。在第一年，这个项目的规模几乎翻了一番)”可知， Oasis迅速扩大，它受到了老年人的热烈欢迎，故选A。 30.推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段“Seventy-seven-year-old Elaine Watier, who moved into the building and joined Oasis in 2017, immediately benefited from the program, learning to play bridge and starting a craft group that makes projects for local charities and hospitals. “It’s given me a sense of worth,” she says. “And I’m never lonely.”(77岁的Elaine Watier于2017年搬进大楼并加入Oasis，她立即从这个项目中受益，学会了打桥牌，并成立了一个手工艺小组，为当地的慈善机构和医院制作项目。“这给了我一种价值感，”她说。“我从不孤独。”)”可推知，作者提到Elaine Watier是为了展示Oasis这个项目的好处，故选D。 31.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章最后一段中“In 2018, Oasis attracted the attention of researchers at Queen’s University. “I saw this as an perfect program to support older adults at home,” explains Catherine Donnelly, director of the school’s Health Services and Policy Research Institute, reporting the program had led to fewer falls, less inactivity, better nutrition and an increased sense of community.(2018年，绿洲吸引了女王大学研究人员的注意。学校健康服务和政策研究所所长Catherine Donnelly解释说：“我认为这是一个完美的项目，可以帮助家里的老年人。”她说，这个项目减少了跌倒的次数，减少了不活动的情况，改善了营养状况，增强了社区意识)”可知，文章主要介绍了帮助老年人的项目——Oasis的具体情况，例如原因、发起者、意义等等。由此可知，选项C“Oasis: The Home of Senior Citizens(Oasis：老年人的家园)”适合作文章标题，故选C。 14 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·宿迁泗阳县·期末统考) C In a world featuring endless choices, the search for simplicity has become more than just a desire—it’s a necessity. The book Yes Means Yes, Everything Else Means No explores the philosophy of simplicity and decision-making. Written by Bruce Mullen, this book goes beyond self-help clichés(陈词滥调)and offers a genuine, actionable approach to guiding life’s choices. The book recognizes decision-making as the centre of human existence and invites readers to admit each decision carries a weight. “Yes Means Yes, Everything Else Means No” sums up a sign if can’t rule—a definite “Yes” and a clear “No.” It encourages readers to focus on the “Yes” and stop readers from puting their effort into uncertain things. Another rule stressed in the book is simplicity in decision-making. By adopting simplicity, decision-makers aim to get the key information, focus on the most related factors, and avoid unnecessary aspects, enabling quicker judgments and swifter conclusions. The book is a practical guide to enhance decision-making skills. The author doesn’t merely express the philosophy but equips readers with the tools they need to apply effectively. From techniques to give preference to tasks to methods for avoiding distractions(分心), the book offers skills for simplifying the decision-making process. Through personal experiences, Mullen determined the power of simplification, guiding people to make decisions according to one’s own values and desires. Beyond individual context, this book also influences business strategies, relationship dynamics, and societal considerations. Mullen not only explores the essence of “yes means yes” but stresses the significance of making clear decisions at a crossroads. “Yes Means Yes, Everything Else Means No” is more than a book; it’s a philosophy that can change how we approach decisions. For those seeking to guide life with clarity and purpose, this book is a guiding light in the fog of in decision. 28. What are the readers encouraged to do according to paragraph 2? A. Solve uncertain matters. B. Summarize a key principle. C. Concentrate on related things. D. Make decisions independently. 29. Why is the book a practical guide to readers? A. To provide readers with life values. B. To help readers express philosophy. C. To improve readers’ critical thinking skills. D. To equip readers with decision-making skills. 30. What is paragraph 4 of the text mainly about? A. Definition of simplicity. B. Rules of making decisions. C. Benefits of stressing clarity. D. Influences of decision-making. 31. What is the article aimed at? A. Recommending a book. B. Sharing a positive attitude. C. Describing a simple lifestyle D. Solving philosophical problems. 【答案】28. C 29. D 30. C 31. A 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《Yes Means Yes, Everything Else Means No》这本可以增强读者决策力的书。 28.推理判断题。由文章第二段中“Another rule stressed in the book is simplicity in decision-making. By adopting simplicity, decision-makers aim to get the key information, focus on the most related factors, and avoid unnecessary aspects, enabling quicker judgments and swifter conclusions.(书中强调的另一条规则是决策的简单性。通过采用简化，决策者获取关键信息，关注最相关的因素，避免不必要的方面，从而更快地判断和更快地得出结论)”可知，这本书建议读者专注于相关的事情，故选C。 29.推理判断题。由文章第三段“The book is a practical guide to enhance decision-making skills. The author doesn’t merely express the philosophy but equips readers with the tools they need to apply effectively. From techniques to give preference to tasks to methods for avoiding distractions(分心), the book offers skills for simplifying the decision-making process.(这本书是提高决策能力的实用指南。作者不仅表达了哲学，还为读者提供了有效应用所需要的工具。从优先处理任务的技巧到避免分心的方法，这本书提供了简化决策过程的技巧)”可知，这本书提供了使读者具备决策能力的有效工具，所以是读者的实用指南，故选D。 30.主旨大意题。由文章第四段“Through personal experiences, Mullen determined the power of simplification, guiding people to make decisions according to one’s own values and desires. Beyond individual context, this book also influences business strategies, relationship dynamics, and societal considerations. Mullen not only explores the essence of “yes means yes” but stresses the significance of making clear decisions at a crossroads. (通过个人经历，马伦确定了简化的力量，引导人们根据自己的价值观和欲望做出决定。除了个人背景，这本书也影响商业战略，关系动态，和社会的考虑。马伦不仅探讨了“是就是是”的本质，还强调了在十字路口做出明确决定的重要性)”可知，本段主要陈述了强调清晰(简化)的好处，故选C。 31.推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章最后一段““Yes Means Yes, Everything Else Means No” is more than a book; it’s a philosophy that can change how we approach decisions. For those seeking to guide life with clarity and purpose, this book is a guiding light in the fog of in decision.(《Yes Means Yes, Everything Else Means No》不仅仅是一本书；这是一种可以改变我们做决定方式的哲学。对于那些寻求用清晰和目标来引导生活的人来说，这本书是在迷茫中指引方向的明灯)”可知，这篇文章的目的是推荐《Yes Means Yes, Everything Else Means No》这本书，故选A。 15 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·徐州市·期末统考) C A new study from the University of Cambridge shows how small environmental changes can have great effects on human behavior. Even the rise of skateboarding is the result of the deep relationships between humans and the climate. “To make connections between climate and society, we often look into the past, but as we go further back, the evidence gets thinner,” said lead author Professor Büntgen. “We wanted to find a more modern example where we had lots of data to look at. That is how we began to study skateboarding.” As was recorded, the prosperity(繁荣)of post-war America resulted in the building of more than 150,000 swimming pools in California during the 1960s. However, California suffered the greatest drought(旱灾)in the 1970s. The government’s water agencies responded by mandating strict cuts, including a ban stopping people from filling backyard swimming pools. As a result, many of these pools were empty, making them ideal playgrounds for freestyle skateboarders. Naturally, skateboarding exploded in popularity. Büntgen said, “California used to be the center of US surf culture. The popularity and influence of surf culture was very important to the rise of skateboarding, which is why it could have only happened in California. You could have had the same drought, the same pools in somewhere like Phoenix, but since Phoenix doesn’t have a rich surf culture, professional skateboarding couldn’t have started there.” With the rise of professional skateboarding came the industrial production of polyurethane(聚氨酯)wheels, which allowed skaters to make faster turns at higher speeds than they could with earlier steel wheels. All these factors made skateboarding more popular. Nowadays, it is a multibillion-dollar industry. The example of California best shows that local climate change can have major effects on human society. 28. What is the finding of the new study? A. Climate changes affect human behavior. B. Popular games benefit greatly from droughts. C. The environment changes people’s relationships. D. Culture contributes to the industry development. 29. What does the underlined word “mandating” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Carrying out. B. Counting on. C. Sticking with. D. Getting over. 30. According to Büntgen, what is a special factor promoting skateboarding in California? A. Drought. B. Location. C. Swimming pools. D. Surf culture. 31. From which section is this text most probably taken? A. Society. B. Health. C. Education. D. Business. 【答案】28. A 29. A 30. D 31. A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过讲述加利福尼亚州的例子：加州冲浪文化的兴起，表明局部气候变化会对人类社会产生重大影响。 28.细节理解题。根据第一段的“A new study from the University of Cambridge shows how small environmental changes can have great effects on human behavior.(剑桥大学的一项新研究表明，微小的环境变化会对人类行为产生巨大影响)”可知，新的研究表明天气变化影响人类的行为，故选A。 29. 词义猜测题。根据下文“including a ban stopping people from filling backyard swimming pools.( 包括禁止人们在后院游泳池里填水)”结合上文“However, California suffered the greatest drought(旱灾)in the 1970s.(然而，加州在20世纪70年代遭受了最严重的干旱)”可知，加州遭遇最严重的旱灾，政府水务部门作出回应，实施削减开支，包括禁止人们在后院游泳池里填水。因此推断划线词与A项“实施”意思一致，故选A。 30.细节理解题。根据第四段的“California used to be the center of US surf culture. The popularity and influence of surf culture was very important to the rise of skateboarding, which is why it could have only happened in California.(加州曾经是美国冲浪文化的中心。冲浪文化的流行和影响对滑板运动的兴起非常重要，这就是为什么它只能在加州发生的原因)”可知，加州的冲浪文化是加州推广滑板运动的一个特殊因素，故选D。 31.推理判断题。根据第一段的“A new study from the University of Cambridge shows how small environmental changes can have great effects on human behavior.( 剑桥大学的一项新研究表明，微小的环境变化会对人类行为产生巨大影响)”并纵观全文可知，本文通过加利福尼亚州冲浪文化的兴起，表明局部气候变化会对人类社会产生重大影响。因此推断文章选自社会板块，故选A。 16 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·盐城市阜宁县·期末统考) C There are lots of scholarship programs in the United States, but Hope Chicago is raising standards. Through the help of funding(资助)partners, they’ve been able to raise $40 million that will go toward paying the tuition(学费), room, board, and books for thousands of students in Chicago. How are these students chosen? All they have to do is go to one of the five Chicago Public Schools(CPS)that are partnered with the organization. That’s right-every single student who attends one of these five schools is able to go to one of 20 partnering colleges or trade schools at no cost, including the University of Illinois. To help encourage students to follow through with their education, each child that joins a full-time program may have one parent continue their education for free as well. The first announcement was at Benito Juarez High School. The students were so surprised by the news that they went almost totally silent and the head teacher, Juan Carlos Ocon, had to repeat what he said. Upon hearing the news for the second time, a celebration began. “That’s when the hall of more than 500 students and parents was filled with energy, hopes and dreams,” Juan said. “You could see the tears in the eyes of our students and parents.” Each person taking part in Hope Chicago is driven by their wish to “reduce economic and social inequality,” said Pete Kaden’s, one of Hope Chicago’s founders. Hope Chicago hopes to become one of many life-changing organizations to make getting an education easier. In the next ten years, they aim to spend $1bilion to send tens of thousands of students and family members to colleges or trade schools. “A scholarship program of this size has never been done before, but we are focusing on Chicago’s families most in need,” Pete said. “With that in mind, our goal is to see Hope Chicago positively influence the further education system and serve as a model for the nation.” 28. Who can get scholarships from Hope Chicago? A. Students, suffering from diseases. B. Students learning in certain schools. C. Students graduating with honors. D. Students from single-parent homes. 29. How did the students feel after Juan repeated his words? A. Terribly bored. B. Unbearably sad. C. Completely calm. D. Extremely happy. 30. What is Pete’s attitude toward Hope Chicago? A. Thankful. B. Uncaring. C. Hopeful. D. Unclear. 31. What is a suitable title for the text? A. These students just got life-changing news. B. These scholarship programs meant so much. C. Parents play a big role in educating children. D. Social inequality exists in modern education. 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了Hope Chicago奖学金项目正在提高标准，该项目将为在五所芝加哥公立学校(CPS)中的一所就读的学生提供奖学金。在资金合作伙伴的帮助下，他们已经筹集了4000万美元，用于支付芝加哥数千名学生的学费、食宿和书本费。 28.细节理解题。根据第二段“How are these students chosen? All they have to do is go to one of the five Chicago Public Schools(CPS)that are partnered with the organization.(这些学生是如何挑选出来的？他们所要做的就是去与该组织合作的五所芝加哥公立学校(CPS)中的一所)”可知，在某些学校学习的学生能获得Hope Chicago的奖学金，故选B。 29.推理判断题。根据倒数第五段“Upon hearing the news for the second time, a celebration began.(当第二次听到这个消息时，庆祝开始了)”和倒数第四段““That’s when the hall of more than 500 students and parents was filled with energy, hopes and dreams,” Juan said. “You could see the tears in the eyes of our students and parents.”(胡安说：“那时，大厅里的500多名学生和家长充满了活力、希望和梦想。你可以看到我们的学生和家长眼中的泪水。”)”推知，胡安重复了他的话后，学生们感到非常高兴，故选D。 30.推理判断题。根据最后一段““A scholarship program of this size has never been done before, but we are focusing on Chicago s families most in need,” Pete said. “With that in mind, our goal is to see Hope Chicago positively influence the further education system and serve as a model for the nation.”(皮特说：“以前从未有过如此规模的奖学金项目，但我们的重点是芝加哥最需要帮助的家庭。考虑到这一点，我们的目标是看到Hope Chicago对继续教育系统产生积极影响，并成为全国的典范。”)”可推知，皮特对Hope Chicago的态度是充满希望的，故选C。 31.主旨大意题。根据第一段“There are lots of scholarship programs in the United States, but Hope Chicago is raising standards.(美国有很多奖学金项目，但Hope Chicago正在提高标准)”以及第五段“The first announcement was at Benito Juarez High School. The students were so surprised by the news that they went almost totally silent and the head teacher, Juan Carlos Ocon, had to repeat what he said.(第一次宣布是在贝尼托华雷斯高中。听到这个消息，学生们非常惊讶，他们几乎完全沉默了，校长胡安·卡洛斯·奥康不得不重复他说过的话)”结合文章主要说明了Hope Chicago奖学金项目正在提高标准，该项目将为在五所芝加哥公立学校(CPS)中的一所就读的学生提供奖学金。在资金合作伙伴的帮助下，他们已经筹集了4000万美元，用于支付芝加哥数千名学生的学费、食宿和书本费。可知，A选项“这些学生刚刚得到了改变他们一生的消息”最符合文章标题，故选A。 17 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·连云港市·期末统考) C Feeling a bit less stable(稳定的)than before? Maybe you find yourself holding on to handrails(扶手)more when going down stairs? As we get older, our balance gets worse. But how much does it matter? A lot, it turns out. If your balance isn’t great, you’re more likely to fall. That can have serious results as we age, when bones often become weak. Research has also shown that balance is important for how long we will live. A study of 1,702 people aged 51 to 75 found that people who couldn’t stand on one leg for ten seconds were nearly twice as likely to die in the next ten years. Falls could be one reason why, but that’s unlikely to be the whole story. Individuals who were in worse health were more likely to fail the ten-second test. There are three parts to balance. The first is the visual system which shows us whether we’re losing balance. Then the vestibular system(前庭系统)in the inner ear sends information to our brain about the move of our head. The third one is our body’s ability to sense its location, movement and actions. People with ear problems that cause dizziness(眩晕), or muscle weakness are more likely to have balance problems. If you suffer from dizziness, see your doctor to find out the reason. But there’s a lot you can do yourself to improve physical strength. If you exercise, you’re ahead of the game. One study found that a group that did 32 weeks of aerobic exercise increased their ability to stand on one foot by 31 per cent. Otherwise, improve your balance by walking, cycling or climbing stairs—this will strengthen muscles in the lower body-or by practising yoga or tai chi. 28. What is the function of Paragraph 1? A. To support an idea. B. To make a conclusion. C. To introduce the topic. D. To give some examples. 29. Why is the study mentioned in Paragraph 3? A. To tell the risk of early death. B. To record people’s living habits. C. To arouse concern about the senior. D. To prove the importance of balance. 30. In normal cases, who is more likely to fall? A. A short-sighted adult. B. An old man with weak muscle. C. A well-trained gymnast. D. A teenage boy with hearing loss. 31. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. How to improve your balance. B. How to strengthen your muscles. C. How to select proper ways to exercise. D. How to keep yourself ahead of a game. 【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了平衡对于人的寿命的重要性，并分析了构成平衡的三个要素，人们可以通过锻炼来提高平衡。 28.推理判断题。根据第一段“As we get older, our balance gets worse. But how much does it matter?(随着年龄的增长，我们的平衡变得越来越差。但这有多重要？)”以及第二段“If your balance isn’t great, you’re more likely to fall. That can have serious results as we age, when bones often become weak. Research has also shown that balance is important for how long we will live.(如果你的平衡不好，你就更有可能跌倒。随着年龄的增长，当骨骼经常变得脆弱时，这可能会产生严重的后果。研究还表明，平衡对我们的寿命很重要)”可推知，作者在第一段提出问题意在引出话题：平衡的重要性，故选C项。 29.推理判断题。根据第三段“A study of 1,702 people aged 51 to 75 found that people who couldn’t stand on one leg for ten seconds were nearly twice as likely to die in the next ten years.(一项针对1702名年龄在51岁至75岁之间的人的研究发现，单腿不能站立10秒钟的人在未来十年内死亡的可能性几乎是其他人的两倍)”可推知，作者第三段讲到研究结论是为了证明平衡的重要性，故选D项。 30.细节理解题。根据第四段“People with ear problems that cause dizziness (眩晕), or muscle weakness are more likely to have balance problems.(有耳朵问题导致头晕或肌肉无力的人更有可能出现平衡问题)”可知，一个肌肉无力的老人可能有平衡问题，从而导致跌倒，故选B项。 31.主旨大意题。根据最后一段“If you exercise, you’re ahead of the game.(如果你锻炼，你就处于领先地位)”以及后文可知，最后一段主要讲了怎样锻炼有助于改善平衡，故选A项。 18 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·盐城市五校联盟·期末联考) C How long you live has a lot to do with your environment and lifestyle, but exceptional long life may have even more to do with your genes. For the first time, researchers have discovered a genetic recipe(基因谱)that accurately predicts who live on 100 and beyond. Analysis shows that 90% of the participants who lived to 100 had at least one of the signature genetic clusters(标志基因组). Thomas Perls at the Boston University School of Medicine said, “We realize this is a complex genetic puzzle. There is a long way for us to try to understand how the combination of these genes with lifestyle factors is playing a role in this long life puzzle.” Perls has studied many factors that contribute to long life, and he is the first to acknowledge that living longer isn’t likely to be simply a matter of genes. His previous work has shown, for example, that among most elderly people who live into their 70s and 80s, about 70% can owe their long lift to lifestyle factors such as not smoking, eating a healthy, low-fat, low-calorie diet, and remaining socially engaged and mentally active throughout life. It seems clear that those who live extremely long are benefiting from a special DNA. In fact, Perls believes that the older a person gets, the more likely it is that his or her genes are contributing to those extended years. 28. Perls may most likely agree that ________. A. living longer just depends on certain genetic recipes B. lifestyle factors play an important role in long-living C. most people living extremely long benefit from not smoking D. being mentally active has nothing to do with living an old age 29. Which of the following is FALSE according to the text? A. Remaining socially engaged helps a person to live long. B. If you want to live to 100, you must have the right genes. C. A genetic recipe can predict who may live to 100 and beyond. D. Perls is the first to think living longer is just a matter of genes. 30. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A. The Secret of Long Life B. Lifestyle And Genes C. Genes decide your lifespan D. Environment And Genes 31. In which section of a newspaper can you most probably find this passage? A. Health & Diet. B. Entertainment & Economics. C. Medicine & Science. D. Culture & Custom. 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员首次发现了一种基因配方，可以准确预测谁能活到100岁以上。 28.细节理解题。根据第三段中“His previous work has shown, for example, that among most elderly people who live into their 70s and 80s, about 70% can owe their long lift to lifestyle factors such as not smoking, eating a healthy, low-fat, low-calorie diet, and remaining socially engaged and mentally active throughout life.(例如，他之前的研究表明，在大多数活到70岁和80岁的老年人中，大约70%的人的长寿归功于他们的生活方式因素，如不吸烟，吃健康，低脂肪，低卡路里的饮食，以及在整个一生中保持社会参与和精神活跃)”可知，Perls很可能同意生活方式在长寿中起着重要作用这一观点，故选B。 29.细节理解题。根据第三段中“Perls has studied many factors that contribute to long life, and he is the first to acknowledge that living longer isn’t likely to be simply a matter of genes.(Perls研究了许多有助于长寿的因素，他是第一个承认长寿不可能仅仅是基因的问题的人)”可知，D项“Perls是第一个认为长寿只是基因问题的人”是错误的，故选D。 30.主旨大意题。文章开篇指出超长寿命可能与基因关联相关；第二段提出超过90%长寿的人都至少含有一条标志基因组；第三和第四段认为，生活方式对寿命有一定影响，但是随着人越来长寿，基因所起的作用越来越大。由此可知，文章主要探究长寿的秘诀，即基因在人类长寿中可能起到的作用，A项“长寿的秘诀”适合做文章标题，C项太过于绝对，不符文章意思，故选A。 31.推理判断题。通读全文，通读全文，尤其是第一段中“For the first time, researchers have discovered a genetic recipe(基因谱)that accurately predicts who live on 100 and beyond.(研究人员首次发现了一种基因配方，可以准确预测谁能活到100岁以上)”可知，文章主要介绍了研究人员首次发现了一种基因配方，可以准确预测谁能活到100岁以上。这属于医学科普类知识，由此可知，你最有可能在报纸的“医学与科学”部分看到这篇文章，故选C。 19 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·盐城市亭湖高级中学·期末校考) C Art may not be a uniquely human patent. Apes(猿), monkeys, elephants, dolphins and even rabbits can be encouraged to express themselves via pencil and paper. New research on the artistic efforts of apes suggests that their work varies according to changes in the world around them. The new study, published in the journal Animals, focuses on hundreds of drawings produced by five female apes at Japan’s Tama Zoological Park, where keepers provided them with crayons and paper over many years as part of a behavioural enrichment programme. One of the apes, named Molly, was especially productive. She only started drawing on her 54th birthday, but from that point on, until her death five years later, she produced about 1,300 pictures. She drew almost every day, creating more complex pictures than her companions. “I don’t know if we can describe her as a genius,” says Sueur, a biologist in the park. “Such differences are often observed between individuals of a species, with some smarter than others.” Sueur and his colleagues identified individual differences between the apes’ artistic styles, in terms of their preferred colors, the types of shapes they drew and the space they filled on the paper. Only Molly routinely filled most of the space available. Molly’s style changed with the season too. In summer and winter, greens dominated her pictures, but she switched to pinks and purples in spring and autumn. Appealingly, she opted for red whenever another female in the group was giving birth, which may indicate that her paintings are something more than purely abstract. “We’ve tried not to overinterpret,” says Sueur. “It could be earlier representational art.” The biologists suggest that apes may provide clues to the development of artistic skills in humans. Like children, and unlike other species known to put pen to paper, the apes needed no reward to participate in the task, suggesting that they enjoy it for its own interest. 28. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A. Female animals are talented at the creation of art. B. The artistic style of animals remains unchanged. C. Some animals can develop artistic skills like humans. D. Animals are capable of creating masterpieces through efforts. 29. How does Sueur think about Molly? A. Talented. B. Human-like. C. Open-minded. D. Competitive. 30. What might be the influence of the research? A. Help people know better about apes. B. Gain a new perspective of the evolution of art. C. Better protect the friends of humans-animals. D. Appeal to humans to learn from apes. 31. What can be concluded from apes’ acquiring artistic skills? A. Work hard, play hard. B. Well begun is half done. C. Look before you leap. D. Interest is the best teacher. 【答案】28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于猿类艺术创作的新研究。 28.推理判断题。由文章第一段“Art may not be a uniquely human patent.  Apes(猿), monkeys, elephants, dolphins and even rabbits can be encouraged to express themselves via pencil and paper.(艺术也许不是人类独有的专利。猿猴、猴子、大象、海豚甚至兔子都可以被鼓励用铅笔和纸来表达自己)”和第二段中“New research on the artistic efforts of apes suggests that their work varies according to changes in the world around them.(一项关于猿类艺术创作的新研究表明，它们的作品会随着周围环境的变化而变化)”可知，有些动物可以像人类一样发展艺术技能，故选C。 29.细节理解题。由文章第三段中““I don’t know if we can describe her as a genius,” says Sueur, a biologist in the park.(“我不知道我们是否能把她称为天才，”公园里的生物学家Sueur说)”可知，Sueur认为Molly是有才能的，故选A。 30.推理判断题。由文章最后一段中““We’ve tried not to overinterpret,” says Sueur. “It could be earlier representational art.” The biologists suggest that apes may provide clues to the development of artistic skills in humans.  (“我们尽量不要过度解读，”Sueur说。“可能是早期的具象艺术。”生物学家认为，类人猿可能为人类艺术技能的发展提供了线索)”可知，这项研究可能获得艺术进化的新视角，故选B。 31.推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“Like children, and unlike other species known to put pen to paper, the apes needed no reward to participate in the task, suggesting that they enjoy it for its own interest.(像孩子一样，不像其他已知的会写字的物种，猿类参与这项任务不需要奖励，这表明它们为了自己的利益而享受这项任务)”可知，从猿类获得艺术技能可以得出兴趣是最好的老师的结论，故选D。 20 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·常州市·期末统考) C(原卷为B篇) Ridley Scott’s famous war film “Napoleon(拿破仑)” is a series of successful battles looking for a better movie to connect them. Once again, Scott’s craftsmanship(技艺)is on show here, but it’s in service of a deeply shallow screenplay. A great actor is reduced to a ghostly presence in the middle of the movie, and his partner, the character who needs to give the film a beating heart, comes off as flat and hollow. One of the problems is that the film script tries to put a lot of life into the running time of a single film. Naturally, it opens during the French Revolution, as Napoleon climbs up the political ladder of France with his war talents above all else. Another part of the problem is that Kirby, the leading actress never really understands what to play with Josephine, a mysterious celebrity(名人)who becomes too much of a mirror for Napoleon. She couldn’t give Napoleon a son, which resulted in their break-up. Was Napoleon the kind of world leader whose own unsafety resulted in killings we have seen in history? That’s here in a few places, but Scott is uninterested in making any sort of statement about Napoleon or men like him. A very just-the-facts approach of “Napoleon” is incredibly disappointing for a filmmaker who usually finds so much depth in the stories he tells. Worst of all, by the time “Napoleon” gets to Waterloo, we don’t know much more about the main character than we did when we came in. That’s a problem. Having said that, the wonderful war scenes in “Napoleon” may be enough to prove its existence for fans of historical war films. Whether its bloodied bodies breaking through ice or waves of soldiers rushing into battle, “Napoleon” has some fantastic battle scenes. Maybe the point is that Napoleon Bonaparte was only truly alive when surrounded by so much death. 28. How do you understand the underlined word “hollow” in Paragraph 1? A. Solid. B. Deep. C. Empty. D. Smooth. 29. What can we infer from Paragraph 2 to 4? A. The film successfully covers Napoleon’s whole life. B. Kirby has a good understanding of how to play Josephine. C. People couldn’t know Napoleon better through this film. D. There are some outstanding features of “Napoleon”. 30. What does Paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A. The successful battle scenes in “Napoleon”. B. The achievements of Napoleon Bonaparte. C. The wars Napoleon Bonaparte fighting in. D. The reason for Napoleon Bonaparte’s aliveness. 31. What type of writing is this text? A. A news report. B. A film review. C. A historical document. D. A science fiction. 【答案】28. C 29. C 30. A 31. B 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文(也可以视作为夹叙夹议文)。主要介绍了Ridley Scott的电影《拿破仑》所存在的一些问题。 28.词义猜测题。根据第一段“A great actor is reduced to a ghostly presence in the middle of the movie, and his partner, the character who needs to give the film a beating heart, comes off as flat and hollow.(一个伟大的演员在电影中间变成了幽灵般的存在，而他的搭档，那个需要给电影注入活力的角色，却表现得平淡无奇和hollow)”可知，电影中演员的表现不尽如人意，那个需要给给电影注入活力的角色显得平淡而空洞，推测划线词hollow的意思是“空洞的，空的”，和empty意思相近，故选C。 29.推理判断题。根据第四段“Worst of all, by the time “Napoleon” gets to Waterloo, we don’t know much more about the main character than we did when we came in. That’s a problem.(最糟糕的是，当“拿破仑”到达滑铁卢时，我们对主角的了解并不比我们刚进来时多多少。这是个问题)”可知，人们看完电影后，对拿破仑的了解没有增加多少，即人们不能通过这部电影更好地了解拿破仑，故选C。 30.主旨大意题。根据第五段“Having said that, the wonderful war scenes in “Napoleon” may be enough to prove its existence for fans of historical war films. Whether its bloodied bodies breaking through ice or waves of soldiers rushing into battle, “Napoleon” has some fantastic battle scenes.(话虽如此，《拿破仑》中精彩的战争场面可能足以证明它的存在，对于历史战争片的粉丝来说。无论是破冰的血淋淋的尸体，还是冲进战场的士兵，《拿破仑》都有一些奇妙的战斗场景)”可知，第五段主要讲的是《拿破仑》中成功的战斗场面，故选A。 31.推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Ridley Scott’s famous war film “Napoleon(拿破仑)” is a series of successful battles looking for a better movie to connect them.(Ridley Scott的著名战争片《拿破仑》讲述了一系列成功的战役，寻找一部更好的电影来连接它们)”可知，本文主要介绍的是《拿破仑》这部电影所存在的一些问题，因此这篇文章是影评，即a film review，故选B。 01 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·苏州市·期末统考) D Have you ever left a movie theater with a mixed feeling about what you just watched? No? Well, you definitely haven’t seen the movie “Nope(不)”. This 2022 movie is a sci-fi horror. But despite having the amazing director Jordan Peele and the wonderful actors, this film still manages to be the worst I’ve ever seen. In the movie “Nope”, it shows us a western 1998 setting where we follow a brother, OJ, and a sister, Emerald Haywood. Emerald is a fun and entertaining woman, while OJ is shy but outspoken when necessary. They run a large horse farm. They observe something mysterious in the sky, which they later learn is a UFO. This UFO is eating people who are watching horse races. To help their horse farm, they try their best to beat the monster. Daniel Kaluuya is a good actor and has experienced playing in horror movies. In the movie, he did a good job at playing the role of OJ until he took a turn for the worse, going from a shy person to a hero who leads his group to success without any visible(可见的)growth. That makes his character challenging for the audience to understand. I love Keke Palmer’s humor and energy in the movie, but it gets to a point where she is too active, which makes her character Emerald unpleasant. Many scenes in the movie are extended not to create suspense(悬念)but simply to add screen time. That makes the two hours feel like four. There are many story-lines that end as quickly as they begin, with seemingly no point. The film is a far cry from horror and suspense. It is just an alien story with some seeming scares in between. Jordan Peele tried to make the movie symbolic, which made him blind to the idea that movies are supposed to be entertaining to watch. This movie is not for you if you are a true suspense and horror fan. If you ask me if you should watch it or not, I’d say “Nope.” 32. What do you know about the movie? A. It is a western film. B. It is the worst movie. C. It is set in ancient times. D. It is popular with horror fans. 33. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The response of the audience. B. The suggestion on the acting. C. The comparison of the actors. D. The opinion on the characters. 34. What is the main reason for the movie’s failure according to paragraph 4? A. The long period B. The wrong director C. The worthless plots D. The old-fashioned theme. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. “Nope” is a nope for me B. What an entertaining film! C. Jordan Peele’s new movie D. Should a horror be horrible? 【答案】32. A 33. D 34. C 35. A 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西部电影《不》以及作者对这部电影的评价。 32.细节理解题。根据第二段“In the movie “Nope”, it shows us a western 1998 setting where we follow a brother, OJ, and a sister, Emerald Haywood.(在电影《不》中，它向我们展示了1998年的西部背景，我们跟随一个兄弟OJ和一个妹妹Emerald Haywood)”可知，这是一部西部电影，故选A。 33.主旨大意题。根据第三段“Daniel Kaluuya is a good actor and has experienced playing in horror movies. In the movie, he did a good job at playing the role of OJ until he took a turn for the worse, going from a shy person to a hero who leads his group to success without any visible(可见的)growth. That makes his character challenging for the audience to understand. I love Keke Palmer’s humor and energy in the movie, but it gets to a point where she is too active, which makes her character Emerald unpleasant.(丹尼尔·卡卢亚是一名优秀的演员，曾出演过恐怖电影。在电影中，他很好地扮演了OJ的角色，直到他开始走下坡路，从一个害羞的人变成了一个英雄，带领他的团队走向成功，没有任何明显的成长。这使得观众很难理解他的角色。我喜欢柯克·帕尔默在电影中的幽默和活力，但她过于活跃了，这让她的角色翡翠不讨人喜欢)”可知，第三段的主要内容是对人物的看法，故选D。 34.细节理解题。根据最后一段“There are many storylines that end as quickly as they begin, with seemingly no point.(有许多故事情节开头和结尾一样快，似乎没有任何意义)”可知，电影失败的主要原因是毫无价值的情节，故选C。 35.主旨大意题。根据最后一段“This movie is not for you if you are a true suspense and horror fan. If you ask me if you should watch it or not, I’d say “Nope.”(如果你是一个真正的悬疑和恐怖迷，这部电影不适合你。如果你问我该不该看，我会说“不”)”结合文章主要介绍了西部电影《不》以及作者对这部电影的评价。可知，A选项“我不喜欢《不》这部电影”最符合文章标题，故选A。 02 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·无锡市·期末统考) B If you thought that your child’s academic performance is based simply on the number of hours spent on studying, you are wrong. Good grades are a result of multiple factors, everything from the child’s brains to the environment they are in. And one of the major, mostly ignored, influencing factors is physical health. Physical activity and health actually can improve a person’s ability to learn. According to the National Academy of Medicine, exercise can improve a child’s cognitive abilities, health, and academic performance significantly. According to a study by the University of British Columbia, regular aerobic exercise betters the functioning of the hippocampus, the area of the brain involved in learning and memory. Other forms of exercise like balance exercises, muscle exercises, and resistance training did not have the same result on the brain. The effect of exercise on memory and thinking is both direct and indirect. Directly, regular exercise gives the ability to increase the release of growth factors. These growth factors are chemicals in the brain that affect the growth of new blood vessels, the health of brain cells, as well as the survival of new brain cells. On the other hand, getting enough exercise will improve sleep quality and mood. It will also reduce stress and anxiety. It is believed that the benefits of exercise during the school day are greater than those coming from increasing class time. Furthermore, the greatest cognitive benefits from physical education have been seen to come about when physical education was given either in the first half of the day or midday rather than at the end of the day. In order to get the children moving, rest time, PE classes, biking or walking to school should be promoted. Activities like after-school sports that used to be held at school should be restarted. Physical activity should not be seen as a dispensable option but as an important educational concern. 32. What factor is often forgotten when it comes to good grades? A. Child’s High IQ. B. A good environment. C. Physical health. D. The hours spent on learning. 33. Which of the following exercises is best for learning and memory? A. Regular aerobic exercise. B. Balance exercise C. Muscle exercise. D. Resistance training 34. How does exercise influence thinking indirectly? A. By releasing growth factors in large numbers. B. By influencing the growth of new blood vessels. C. By affecting the survival of new brain cells. D. By improving a person’s mood and sleep quality. 35. What does the underlined word “dispensable”mean in the last paragraph? A. Unique. B. Universal. C. Unusual. D. Unnecessary. 36. What is the passage mainly about? A. Mental health should never be ignored. B. Physical education class is really a good option. C. Exercise may bring about good academic grades. D. Different exercises have different results on the brain. 【答案】32. C 33. A 34. D 35. D 36. C 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究表明了体育锻炼对于孩子的学业表现有积极的影响。 32.细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“And one of the major, mostly ignored, influencing factor is physical health.”(而其中一个主要的、往往被忽视的影响因素是身体健康)可知，在考虑影响孩子的学业成绩的因素时，身体健康的重要性往往被忽视，故选C项。 33.细节理解题。根据第二段“According to a study by the University of British Columbia, regular aerobic exercise betters the functioning of the hippocampus, the area of the brain involved in learning and memory. Other forms of exercise like balance exercises, muscle exercises, and resistance training did not have the same result on the brain.”(根据英属哥伦比亚大学的一项研究，有规律的有氧运动可以改善海马体的功能，海马体是大脑中与学习和记忆有关的区域。其他形式的锻炼，如平衡锻炼、肌肉锻炼和阻力训练，对大脑没有同样的效果)可知，有规律的有氧运动对学习和记忆是最好的，故选A项。 34.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The effect of exercise on memory and thinking is both direct and indirect.”(运动对记忆和思维的影响既有直接的也有间接的)及最后一句“On the other hand, getting enough exercise will improve sleep quality and mood. It will also reduce stress and anxiety.”(另一方面，得到足够的锻炼将改善睡眠质量和情绪。它也会减少压力和焦虑)可知，锻炼的间接影响表现在改善睡眠质量和情绪，故选D项。 35.词义猜测题。根据最后一段最后一句“but as an important educational concern”(而是作为一个重要的教育问题)并结合上文提到的体育锻炼对于提高学业成绩，加强记忆力，舒缓情绪等方面的好处可知，体育锻炼不是可有可无的，而是学校教育中非常重要的一环。故推知dispensable意为“没必要的”，故选D项。 36.主旨大意题。根据第一段最后两句“Physical activity and health actually can improve a person’s ability to learn. According to the National Academy of Medicine, exercise can improve a child’s cognitive abilities, health, and academic performance significantly.”(体育活动和健康实际上可以提高一个人的学习能力。根据美国国家医学院的研究，锻炼可以显著提高孩子的认知能力、健康状况和学习成绩)并结合后文介绍的体育锻炼在提高记忆力，思维能力，认知能力等方面的好处可知，本文主要介绍了体育锻炼有助于提高孩子的学业成绩，故选C项。 03 (2023-2024学年高一上学期·江苏省锡山高级中学·期末校考) D Up and down the economic ladder, many Americans who work—and especially those raising kids—are pressed for time, wishing they had more of it to devote to leisure activities(or even just sleeping). At the same time, research has indicated that people who are busy tend to be happier than those who are idle, whether their busyness is purposeful or not. A research paper released late last year investigated this trade-off, attempting to pinpoint(精确指出)how much leisure time is best. Its authors examined the relationship between the amount of “discretionary time” people had—basically, how much time people spend awake and doing what they want—and how pleased they were with their lives. The paper, which analyzed data covering about 35,000 Americans, found that employed people’s ratings of their satisfaction with life peaked when they had in the neighborhood of two and a half hours of free time a day. For people who didn’t work, the optimal(最佳)amount was four hours and 45 minutes. The research traced a correlation(关联)between free time and life satisfaction, but didn’t provide any definitive(最后的)insight into what underlies that correlation—“which is exciting, because this is a work in progress,” says Cassie Mogilner Holmes, a professor at UCLA’s Anderson School of Management and a co-author of the paper, which hasn’t yet been peer-reviewed or published in an academic journal. An experiment that the researchers arranged hinted at(暗示)a possible explanation of the correlation they found. They asked participants to picture and describe what it would be like to have a certain amount of daily free time, and then report how they’d feel about that allotment(分配). “What we find is that having too little time makes people feel stressed, and maybe that’s obvious,” says Holmes. “But interestingly, that effect goes away—the role of stress goes away—once you approach the optimal point.” After that point, Holmes says, the subjects started to say they felt less productive overall, which could explain why having a lot of free time can feel like having too much free time. It’s not clear what an individual is to do with these findings, since the amount of free time people have usually has something to do with a variety of factors, such as having children or a degree of control over work schedules. Holmes shared her research with the MBA students in her class on happiness, and some of the most time-crunched among them were comforted by the findings: “I think that two and a half hours creates a nice goal that even if you increase a little bit more of your discretionary time use, you can expect that it will translate into greater life satisfaction.” 32. According to the passage, what happens to Americans occupied with their work? A. They allow themselves more leisure time. B. They keep themselves busy on purpose. C. They know how much leisure time is best. D. They experience higher level of satisfaction. 33. What can be learned about the correlation between free time and life satisfaction? A. Researchers have cast light on the cause of the correlation. B. Unemployed people need more leisure time to feel content. C. The paper on the correlation has achieved peer recognition. D. Employed people enjoy more leisure time in the neighborhood. 34. Which of the following charts illustrates the change of stress and productivity? A. B. C. D. 35. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ________. A. Holmes is optimistic about the influence of her findings B. individuals are encouraged to control their work schedules C. people with tight schedules can’t benefit from the findings D. the MBA students find no free time to obtain life satisfaction 【答案】32. D 33. B 34. D 35. A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现忙碌的人往往比闲着的人生活满意度更高，所需要的休闲时间更少，研究者对这一研究对人们的影响持积极的态度。 32.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“research has indicated that people who are busy tend to be happier than those who are idle, whether their business is purposeful or not.”可知，研究表明, 忙碌的人往往比闲着的人更快乐，也就是说忙于工作的美国人的满意度更高，故D项正确。 33.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“found that employed people’s ratings of their satisfaction with life peaked when they had in the neighborhood of two and a half hours of free time a day. For people who didn’t work, the optimal(最佳)amount was four hours and 45 minutes.”可知，有工作的人满意的休息时间是两个半小时，而不工作的人满意的休息时间则是4小时45分钟，也就是说不工作的人需要更多的休闲时间来感到满足，故B项正确。 34.推理判断题。根据第五段中的“What we find is that having too little time makes people feel stressed,and maybe that’s obvious,” says Holmes. “But interestingly, that effect goes away—the role of stress goes away—once you approach the optimal point.” After that point, Holmes says, the subjects started to say they felt less productive overall,”可知，时间太少会有压力，一旦你达到最佳状态，压力的作用就消失了，在那之后，受试者开始说他们总体上感觉效率较低，D项与这个状态变化相吻合，故D项正确。 35.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Holmes shared her research with the MBA students in her class on happiness, and some of the most time-crunched among them were comforted by the findings: “I think that two and a half hours creates a nice goal that even if you increase a little bit more of your discretionary time use, you can expect that it will translate into greater life satisfaction”可知，Holmes将这个研究成果分享给了她$$