黄金卷07（天津专用）-【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2025年高考英语模拟卷

【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2025年高考英语模拟卷（天津卷） 黄金卷07 第I卷 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1．Linda was obviously yesterday, for she won first prize in the English speech contest. A．in a good mood B．as cool as a cucumber C．a wet blanket D．an eager beaver 2．It was annoying that the engine ________ start in the freezing weather no matter how hard he tried! A．couldn’t B．wouldn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t 3．An art magazine is available for you to read at your ________ to widen your outlook. A．support B．approach C．leisure D．direction 4．Data can directly ______ students' shortcomings, so it can be helpful for them to go over lessons. A．present B．simplify C．remark D．compare 5．The volunteer’s ______ concern for the elderly residents at the nursing home was evident from the warmth and patience she showed during her visits. A．humble B．greedy C．automatic D．genuine 6．A new railway linking Jiuzhai Valley Natural Reserve, the renowned tourist destination in Southwest China has recently opened, _________ improving accessibility to the remote and rugged region. A．mildly B．conventionally C．alternatively D．significantly 7．Recent research has ________ the cause of the new virus that has claimed thousands of lives. A．cast light on B．caught hold of C．made sense of D．laid stress on 8．The old couple are very excited because they ______ Europe next month. A．are visiting B．are going to visiting C．would visit D．will be visiting 9．The trees blown down in the storm _________. Cars can go through normally. A．have moved away B．have been moved away C．moved away D．has been moved away 10．That is the only way we can think of _________ the overuse of water in students' bathroom. A．reducing B．to reduce C．reduced D．being reduced 11．______ around the ancient town, we were then taken to see a film at the local cinema. A．Having shown B．Being shown C．Having been shown D．To show 12．After the country won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys _______ to go to school. A．to be encouraged B．having been encouraged C．encouraged D．encouraging 13．It remains to be seen ________ the new traffic regulations will adapt to the actual situation after they are issued. A．which B．whether C．what D．that 14．Self-image is a foundation ______ your entire personality, behavior and even circumstances are built. A．in which B．by which C．with which D．upon which 15．As a policeman, Tom’s father is too busy to play with him ________ he expects to. A．even though B．so that C．as soon as D．as long as 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16〜35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 Like many great ideas, Mahoney’s started small. In 2014, a friend invited her to perform an act of kindness to old men as a Facebook challenge. So Wagner occurred to her, a kind senior who was not only busy helping young people in 16 , but also 17 at the homeless shelter. Mahoney wanted to 18 Wagner better, so she asked to 19 a day together. “It was the first time in years that someone had made a day about him,” says Mahoney. Their 20 one-day experience made Mahoney think: How many other seniors might 21 that kind of devoted attention? And had some seniors delayed their own dreams because they had been 22 busy caring for others? At the time, there was a student named Chisholm 23 at the pub. He was 24 interested, so they made a plan: to find local seniors with long time dreams and realize them. They soon settled on a(n) 25 for their new charity: We Are Young, or WAY for 26 . By 2017, after organizing golf tournaments to 27 funds, they were ready to realize their first wish. Since then, WAY has realized 38 dreams 28 from taking a helicopter trip to 29 a football game in Qatar. Seniors can apply; wishes are then assessed by a committee that looks at factors such as 30 conditions and financial need. Although their 31 operates only in Nova Scotia, each WAY wish is recorded and spread through a video. Mahoney and Chisholm have their own 32 — the pair want people to be 33 to realize a dream for a senior. “We want to create a nationwide movement that 34 how we view and support seniors,” says Mahoney. “That is considered our social mission, and that is the difference our organization is trying to make to the 35 .” 16．A．need B．advance C．brief D．line 17．A．performed B．lived C．volunteered D．studied 18．A．introduce B．accompany C．interview D．know 19．A．waste B．spend C．wait D．save 20．A．sad B．fixed C．shared D．regretful 21．A．pay for B．take over C．count on D．benefit from 22．A．intentionally B．selflessly C．particularly D．luckily 23．A．working B．begging C．crying D．voting 24．A．hardly B．secretly C．randomly D．equally 25．A．address B．name C．advertisement D．poster 26．A．short B．certain C．free D．real 27．A．return B．owe C．refuse D．raise 28．A．learning B．differing C．ranging D．suffering 29．A．creating B．watching C．advertising D．inventing 30．A．physical B．natural C．emotional D．athletic 31．A．meeting B．class C．pub D．organization 32．A．skills B．dreams C．memories D．pains 33．A．inspired B．envied C．ordered D．appointed 34．A．ignores B．decreases C．changes D．punishes 35．A．conference B．experiment C．society D．job 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Psychology Today explains that body language includes the way that humans send unspoken signals to one another. Posture, hand gestures, and even the tiniest facial expressions are understood by people who might not even realize that they are seeing them. A person’s facial expressions can warn others about danger. For example, say someone opens a refrigerator and takes a large mouthful of soured milk. A twisted (扭曲的) expression and wide eyes directly send the message, “Leave this alone!” thus sparing others the sorry experience of trying the milk for themselves. Some human signals are naturally understood. Imagine you look out your window and observe a passerby hurrying along the sidewalk with his arms wrapped around himself. Your first reaction would undoubtedly be, “It’s cold and windy outside.” In a one-on-one conversation, a person with their arms crossed sends an unspoken signal that they are protecting their personal space. That person might, however, simply be tired or cold. Brain researchers explain that feelings happen before our thoughts. The time between them is very short, but that’s long enough for an observant human to sense the hunger, anger, impatience or happiness of another person directly. Humans are experts at quickly understanding another person’s attitude, and they do it before a single sentence is spoken. People naturally make eye contact when meeting another human. Even though some adults have learned to generally control basic facial features, the eyes tell us much. When a person looks into the eyes of someone they admire, their pupils (瞳孔) may widen, the same as when they see an object that they want very much. Body language creates an impression on anyone and everyone you meet. To make a positive impression, smile when you meet someone. Body language isn’t mind-reading nor does it give insight into what another person is thinking. When reading people carefully, body language helps you understand what another person wants or plans to do. 36．Which of the following is NOT body language? A．Hand gestures. B．Posture. C．Tone. D．Facial expressions. 37．What do we know from Paragraphs 2 through 4? A．Body language communicates people’s discomfort. B．Body language expresses what people can’t say. C．People often use the same body language to show their feelings. D．People make mistakes when understanding others’ body language. 38．How can we leave others with a good impression according to the author? A．By observing others carefully. B．By looking at others’ eyes naturally. C．By expressing our thoughts directly. D．By making a friendly expression. 39．How does the passage mainly develop? A．By making comparisons. B．By providing examples. C．By presenting research findings. D．By following the order of importance. 40．What is the best title for the text? A．Read people like books B．Thoughts or feelings C．Use body language well D．The art of communication B Lao Zi once said, “Care about what other people think and you will always be their prisoner. ” People-pleasing, or seeking self-worth through others’ approval, is unproductive and an exhausting way to go through life. Why do we allow what others think of us to have so much power over how we feel about ourselves? If it’s true that you can’t please all people all of the time, wouldn’t it make sense to stop trying? Unfortunately, sense often isn’t driving our behavior. For social beings who desire love and belonging, wanting to be liked, and caring about the effect we have on others, is healthy and allows us to make connections. However, where we get into trouble is when our self- worth is dependent on whether we win someone’s approval or not. This need to be liked can be traced back to when we were children and were completely dependent on others to take care of us: Small children are not just learning how to walk and communicate, they are also trying to learn how the world works. We learn about who we are and what is expected of us based on interactions with others so, to a four-year-old, if Mommy or Daddy doesn’t like him or her, there is the danger that they will abandon them. We need to understand that when we desperately want someone to approve of us, it’s being driven by that little kid part of us that is still afraid of being abandoned. As you become more capable of providing yourself with the approval you seek, your need for external approval will start to disappear, leaving you stronger, more confident, and yes, happier in your life. Jmagine how much time we lose each moment we restrain our authentic selves in an effort to be liked. If we base our worth on the opinions of others, we cheat ourselves of the power to shape our experiences and embrace life not only for others but also for ourselves, because ultimately, there is no difference. So embrace the cliché (老话) and love yourself as you’ll not regret it. 41．What can we conclude from Lao Zi’s quotation? A．We should see through other people’s attempt to make a prisoner of us. B．We can never really please other people even if we try as hard as we can. C．We can never be truly free if we care about others’ opinion of us. D．We should care about other people’s view as much as they care about our own. 42．What will happen if we base our self- worth on other people’s approval? A．Our desire to be loved will be fulled B．Our Identity as social beings will be affected. C．Our life will be unfruitful and exhausting. D．Our sense of self will be sharpened and enhanced. 43．What may be the reason for our need to be liked or approved of? A．Our desperate longing for interactions with others. B．Our understanding of the workings of the world. C．Our knowledge about the pain of being abandoned. D．Our early childhood fear of being abandoned. 44．What can we do when we become better able to provide ourselves with the desired approval? A．Enjoy a happier life. B．Exercise self- restraint. C．Receive more external approval. D．Strengthen our power of imagination. 45．What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph? A．Embrace life for others. B．Love ourselves as we are. C．See our experiences as our wealth. D．Base our worth on others’ opinions. C For most farm boys, plowing the family field only inspires them with boredom. But for 14-year-old electronics talent Philo Farnsworth, going up and down the rows gave him the idea to project a recorded image by scanning (扫描) electrons back and forth across a glass screen. When he consulted his high school chemistry teacher about the idea, it was so complex that he had to draw a picture on the blackboard, which the teacher quickly copied down to study later. Encouraged by his teacher, Farnsworth continued his concept and, in 1927, at the age of 21, he developed and patented (申请专利) the world’s first working fully- electronic television. But like many other inventions, there were other people developing related ideas at the same time. One such man, Vladimir Zworykin, filed a patent for a similar concept in 1923, but couldn’t make it actually work. In1933, he got a patent on televisions. However, due to a mistake, the original filing date read 1923, making his patent earlier than Farnsworth’s. When his patent was approved, Zworykin was working for Radio Corporation of America (RCA), who planned to produce television s using his design. Believing that his 1927 patent was better than the 1933 patent, Farnsworth charged for royalties (特许使用权费) by law. Of course RCA insisted their employee had the patent before Farnsworth, so they refused to pay him any money. Farnsworth had an ace up his sleeve — his chemistry teacher. The teacher in court showed the original picture of 14-year-old Farnsworth’s blackboard explanation, proving he had been working on the invention well before Zworykin had even applied for his patent. Farnsworth received payments from RCA, but as America entered World War II, the government stopped the production of television sets. Shortly after the ban was removed, Farnsworth’s patent expired (期满), allowing RCA to make televisions free. This meant that, as television sales exploded in the 1950s and 60s, Farnsworth lost the most profitable years of his own invention. 46．Farnsworth’s TV-related idea was inspired by ______. A．other farm boys B．his farm work C．his chemistry teacher D．the image of a glass screen 47．Like Farnsworth, the man named Zworykin ______. A．invented many things B．was also a young talent C．patented his idea in 1923 D．worked on the TV-related idea 48．We can know that ______. A．Farnsworth confused his chemistry teacher by asking a hard question B．Zworykin came up with the same idea as Farnsworth’s 4 years later C．in Farnsworth’s opinion, his design was better than Zworykin’s D．RCA awarded Zworykin much money for his useful invention 49．By saying “Farnsworth had an ace up his sleeve”, the author means that ______. A．Farnsworth had a strong proof from his teacher B．Farnsworth refused to pay his chemistry teacher money C．Farnsworth was clever enough to leave the evidence D．Farnsworth thanked his chemistry teacher very much 50．It can be inferred from the text that ______. A．Zworykin applied for his patent after World War II B．Farnsworth’s teacher helped him apply for the patent C．Farnsworth failed to get much benefit from his invention D．Farnsworth was once employed by RCA for several months D How loneliness spreads Loneliness can also spread. A friend of a lonely person was 52 per cent more likely to develop feelings of loneliness. And a friend of that friend was 25 per cent more likely to do the same. Earlier findings showed that happiness, fatness and the ability to stop smoking can also spread within social groups. The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham, Massachusetts. The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then, more tests have been added, including measures of loneliness and depression. The new findings involved more than 5,000 people in the second generation of the Framingham Heart Study. The researchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness. The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends. For example, loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors. The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together. The study also found that loneliness spreads more easily among women than men. The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about forty-eight days a year. The study found that having a lonely friend can add about seventeen days. But every additional friend can decrease loneliness by about five per cent, or two and a half days. Lonely people become less and less trusting of others. This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends — and more likely that society will reject them. John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago led the study. He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness. He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks. The aim should be to create what he calls a “protective barrier” against loneliness. This barrier, he says, can keep the whole network from coming apart. 51．From the passage we can infer that the research subjects of the Framingham Heart Study _____. A．are all about mental health B．have been added continually C．are about the causes of heart disease D．is to create a “protective barrier” 52．Tom is a lonely man. He has a wife, a son, a sister and a close friend Mike. According to Paragraph 4, who does the underlined phrase “the second generation” involve? A．Ton’s wife. B．Tom’s son. C．Tom’s sister. D．Mike. 53．Why are lonely people difficult to make friends with others? A．Because they have poor communication skills. B．Because they always keep doubtful of others. C．Because they are rejected by others. D．Because they are affected by their friends. 54．In John Cacioppo’s opinion, _____. A．lonely people should be given a hand by society B．the protective barrier should be repaired for lonely people C．the number of lonely women is larger than that of men D．it’s impossible for lonely people to make any friends 55．In which column can you read this passage in a newspaper? A．This Is America. B．Science in News. C．Explorations. D．Health Report. 第II卷 第三部分：写作 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，并根据题目要求用英语回答问题(请注意问题后的字数要求)。 Confucius Institute is a non-profit public institute which aims at promoting Chinese language and culture and supporting local Chinese teaching internationally through affiliated Confucius Institutes. Its headquarters is in Beijing and is under the Office of Chinese Language Council International or Hanban in Chinese. Over the past three decades, Chinese economy is booming. The world is watching China and many foreigners have realized the importance of seeking cooperation, so they want to do business with Chinese people and learning our language works better, Confucius institute provides the place to learn mandarin. As the world is crazy about Chinese, more and more foreigners have interest in our language and culture. With the purpose of promoting our language and culture, Confucius institute program was set up in Korea in 2004, now the Confucius institute is all around the world. The foreigners practise Chinese so hard. They learn how to pronounce and write, even use the chopsticks. The Confucius institute program works well. There is a biggest competition for the foreigner to show their Chinese. When we watch the show, we will realize they can speak Chinese so well and admire them so much, because it is so hard to learn. Some foreigners not only speak mandarin well, but also know much about Chinese culture. The Confucius institute program works to promote Chinese language and culture and the achievement is great. Today, the world is learning Chinese. 56．What is the aim of Confucius Institute? (no more than 15 words) 57．Why are many foreigners watching China and want to seek cooperation? (no more than 1o words) 58．What do more and more foreigners have interest in? (no more than 5 words) 59．What does the underlined word “admire” in Paragraph 4 mean? (1 word) 60．What do you think the future of Confucius Institute? (no more than 20 words) 第二节：书面表达(满分25分) 61．假设你是某国际学校的学生会主席李津，你校刚刚开展了走进社区的一系列文明实践活动。请你为校园广播站写一篇英文活动报道，内容包括： (1)介绍你们参加的活动(如照顾老人;宣传交通法规等)及其原因; (2)说明此项活动的意义; (3)简单介绍此项活动引起的反响。 注意: (1)词数不少于100; (2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2025年高考英语模拟卷（天津卷） 黄金卷07 参考答案 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 1-5.ABCAD 6-10.DAABB 11-15.CCBDA 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 16．A 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．C 21．D 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．B 26．A 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．D 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．C 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 36．C 37．A 38．D 39．B 40．A 41．C 42．C 43．D 44．A 45．B 46．B 47．D 48．C 49．A 50．C 51．B 52．D 53．B 54．A 55．B 第三部分：写作（共2大题；满分35分） 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 56．The aim of Confucius Institute is to promote Chinese culture and support Chinese teaching worldwide. 57．Because Chinese economy is booming, from which foreigners can profit. 58．Chinese language and culture. 59．钦佩 60．Confucius Institute will remain a bridge which can not only facilitate multicultural exchange, but presents the beauty of Chinese culture. 第二节：书面表达(满分25分) Our school has just launched a series of civilized practice activities into the community, which include taking care of the elderly and publicizing traffic laws and regulations and so on. The reason why we held these activities is that more elderly people need care and some uncivilized phenomena still exist. The significance is to raise people’s awareness of becoming a caring and civilized man. Through these activities, our activities have been covered by a variety of media outlets and aroused a strong response. More and more people who are willing to care about others and laws and regulations are called on to participate in them. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2025年高考英语模拟卷（天津卷） 黄金卷07 第I卷 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1．Linda was obviously yesterday, for she won first prize in the English speech contest. A．in a good mood B．as cool as a cucumber C．a wet blanket D．an eager beaver 【答案】A 【详解】考查习语辨析。句意：琳达显然昨天心情很好，因为她在英语演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。A. in a good mood 心情好；B. as cool as a cucumber 泰然自若；C. a wet blanket 扫兴的人或物；D. an eager beaver 工作勤奋的人。根据“won first prize”可知，得到奖励后心情会很好，故选A。 2．It was annoying that the engine ________ start in the freezing weather no matter how hard he tried! A．couldn’t B．wouldn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：不管他怎么努力，引擎在这么冷的天气里就是发动不起来，真烦人！A. couldn’t不能够，侧重于能力上做不到；B. wouldn’t（过去持续的某种倾向）老是不，总是不；C. shouldn’t不应该；D. needn’t不必。根据“no matter how hard he tried!”可知，强调尽管努力了，但发动机就是发动不起来，有一种顽固、不情愿的意味。故选B。 3．An art magazine is available for you to read at your ________ to widen your outlook. A．support B．approach C．leisure D．direction 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以在你的闲暇时间阅读一本艺术杂志来拓宽你的视野。A. support支持；B. approach方法，途径；C. leisure闲暇，空闲；D. direction方向。根据“An art magazine”可推知，阅读艺术杂志是在空闲时间做的事情，at one’s leisure意为“在某人空闲时”。故选C项。 4．Data can directly ______ students' shortcomings, so it can be helpful for them to go over lessons. A．present B．simplify C．remark D．compare 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：数据可以直接显示学生们的缺点，所以它可以帮助他们复习功课。A. present呈现；B. simplify简化；C. remark评论；D. compare比较。根据so it can be helpful for them to go over lessons.可知，此处为动词present“呈现”，满足句意要求。故选A项。 5．The volunteer’s ______ concern for the elderly residents at the nursing home was evident from the warmth and patience she showed during her visits. A．humble B．greedy C．automatic D．genuine 【答案】D 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位志愿者对敬老院的老人们真诚的关怀，从她在探访期间表现出的热情和耐心中可见一见。A. humble谦逊的；B. greedy贪婪的；C. automatic自动的；D. genuine真诚的。根据句意可知，此处为形容词genuine“真诚的”作定语修饰concern，满足句意要求。故选D项。 6．A new railway linking Jiuzhai Valley Natural Reserve, the renowned tourist destination in Southwest China has recently opened, _________ improving accessibility to the remote and rugged region. A．mildly B．conventionally C．alternatively D．significantly 【答案】D 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：连接中国西南著名旅游胜地九寨沟自然保护区的一条新铁路最近开通，大大提高了通往偏远崎岖地区的可达性。A. mildly温和地；B. coventionally传统地；C. alternatively要不，或者；D. significantly显著地。由“A new railway linking Jiuzhai Valley Natural Reserve, the renowned tourist destination in Southwest China has recently opened”可知，句子表示“连接中国西南著名旅游胜地九寨沟自然保护区的一条新铁路最近开通，大大提高了通往偏远崎岖地区的可达性”，空格处意为“显著地”。故选D。 7．Recent research has ________ the cause of the new virus that has claimed thousands of lives. A．cast light on B．caught hold of C．made sense of D．laid stress on 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：最近的研究揭示了这种夺去数千人生命的新病毒的起因。A. cast light on阐明，解释；B. caught hold of抓住；C. made sense of理解，弄懂；D. laid stress on强调。由“Recent research”和“the cause of the new virus”可知，句子表示“最近的研究揭示了这种夺去数千人生命的新病毒的起因”，空格处意为“阐明，解释”。故选A。 8．The old couple are very excited because they ______ Europe next month. A．are visiting B．are going to visiting C．would visit D．will be visiting 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意：这对老夫妇非常兴奋，因为他们下个月要去欧洲旅游。A. are visiting现在进行时态；B. are going to visiting错误表达，应为are going to visit一般将来时；C. would visit过去将来时；D. will be visiting将来进行时。句中next month为将来时的标志，visit为动词，意为“拜访，参观”，表示位置移动的动词其现在进行时可表示将来时。故选A。 9．The trees blown down in the storm _________. Cars can go through normally. A．have moved away B．have been moved away C．moved away D．has been moved away 【答案】B 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：暴风雨中被刮倒的树木已经被移走。车辆可以正常通行。根据Cars can go through normally可知，本句为现在完成时，“树木”是被“移走”的，应该用被动语态；主语the trees是复数，助动词用have。故选B。 10．That is the only way we can think of _________ the overuse of water in students' bathroom. A．reducing B．to reduce C．reduced D．being reduced 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是我们能想到的减少学生浴室用水过度的唯一方法。“we can think of”是“the only way”的省略that的定语从句，所以真正的结构是the way to do sth，做某事的方式，所以选项B是符合语法的。故选B项。 11．______ around the ancient town, we were then taken to see a film at the local cinema. A．Having shown B．Being shown C．Having been shown D．To show 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在被带领参观完古镇之后，我们被带到当地电影院看电影。“show around the ancient town”作时间状语，show(带领，引领)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语we之间是被动关系，且“参观古镇”发生在“看电影”之前，既表被动，也表完成，结合选项，用现在分词完成式的被动式having been shown作状语。故选C项。 12．After the country won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys _______ to go to school. A．to be encouraged B．having been encouraged C．encouraged D．encouraging 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：国家赢得独立后，非常重视扩大教育，鼓励女孩和男孩上学。结合句中“with girls as well as boys”可知句子使用with的复合结构，girls as well as boys与encourage之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式作宾语补足语，故选C。 13．It remains to be seen ________ the new traffic regulations will adapt to the actual situation after they are issued. A．which B．whether C．what D．that 【答案】B 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：新的交通法规发布后能否适应实际情况尚待观察。分析句子结构可知，It为形式主语，空处引导主语从句作真正的主语，根据句意和句子结构可知，从句不缺成分，需填入表示“是否”的连接词。故选B项。 14．Self-image is a foundation ______ your entire personality, behavior and even circumstances are built. A．in which B．by which C．with which D．upon which 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：自我形象是一个基础，上面建立了你全部的个性、行为甚至环境。build...upon the foundation“构建……在基础上”。“_____ your entire personality, behavior and even circumstances are built”为定语从句，先行词为a foundation，指物，在从句中作地点状语，所以应用“介词upon+关系代词which”引导。故选D。 15．As a policeman, Tom’s father is too busy to play with him ________ he expects to. A．even though B．so that C．as soon as D．as long as 【答案】A 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：作为一名警察，汤姆的父亲忙得没时间陪他玩，尽管他很想陪他玩。A.even though尽管；虽然；B.so that因此；以便；C.as soon as一……就……；D.as long as只要。由句意及空前的Tom’s father is too busy to play with him 以及空后的 he expects to可知虽然父亲很想陪汤姆玩，但是没有时间，此处为让步状语从句，所以A项even though符合句意，故选A项。 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16〜35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 Like many great ideas, Mahoney’s started small. In 2014, a friend invited her to perform an act of kindness to old men as a Facebook challenge. So Wagner occurred to her, a kind senior who was not only busy helping young people in 16 , but also 17 at the homeless shelter. Mahoney wanted to 18 Wagner better, so she asked to 19 a day together. “It was the first time in years that someone had made a day about him,” says Mahoney. Their 20 one-day experience made Mahoney think: How many other seniors might 21 that kind of devoted attention? And had some seniors delayed their own dreams because they had been 22 busy caring for others? At the time, there was a student named Chisholm 23 at the pub. He was 24 interested, so they made a plan: to find local seniors with long time dreams and realize them. They soon settled on a(n) 25 for their new charity: We Are Young, or WAY for 26 . By 2017, after organizing golf tournaments to 27 funds, they were ready to realize their first wish. Since then, WAY has realized 38 dreams 28 from taking a helicopter trip to 29 a football game in Qatar. Seniors can apply; wishes are then assessed by a committee that looks at factors such as 30 conditions and financial need. Although their 31 operates only in Nova Scotia, each WAY wish is recorded and spread through a video. Mahoney and Chisholm have their own 32 — the pair want people to be 33 to realize a dream for a senior. “We want to create a nationwide movement that 34 how we view and support seniors,” says Mahoney. “That is considered our social mission, and that is the difference our organization is trying to make to the 35 .” 16．A．need B．advance C．brief D．line 17．A．performed B．lived C．volunteered D．studied 18．A．introduce B．accompany C．interview D．know 19．A．waste B．spend C．wait D．save 20．A．sad B．fixed C．shared D．regretful 21．A．pay for B．take over C．count on D．benefit from 22．A．intentionally B．selflessly C．particularly D．luckily 23．A．working B．begging C．crying D．voting 24．A．hardly B．secretly C．randomly D．equally 25．A．address B．name C．advertisement D．poster 26．A．short B．certain C．free D．real 27．A．return B．owe C．refuse D．raise 28．A．learning B．differing C．ranging D．suffering 29．A．creating B．watching C．advertising D．inventing 30．A．physical B．natural C．emotional D．athletic 31．A．meeting B．class C．pub D．organization 32．A．skills B．dreams C．memories D．pains 33．A．inspired B．envied C．ordered D．appointed 34．A．ignores B．decreases C．changes D．punishes 35．A．conference B．experiment C．society D．job 【答案】 16．A 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．C 21．D 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．B 26．A 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．D 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了马奥尼和奇泽姆成立了“我们很年轻，简称WAY”的慈善组织，一起帮助老年人实现长期梦想的故事。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是她想到了瓦格纳，一个善良的老人，他不仅忙于帮助有需要的年轻人，而且还在无家可归者收容所做志愿者。A. need需要；B. advance前进；C. brief简介；D. line线路。根据上文“So Wagner occurred to her, a kind senior who was not only busy helping young people”可知，此处指帮助有需要的年轻人。故选A。 17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是她想到了瓦格纳，一个善良的老人，他不仅忙于帮助有需要的年轻人，而且还在无家可归者收容所做志愿者。A. performed执行；B. lived活着；C. volunteered自愿；D. studied研究。根据上文“So Wagner occurred to her, a kind senior who was not only busy helping young people in　　1　　, but also”可知，瓦格纳心地善良，不仅帮助年轻人，而且还在无家可归者收容所做志愿者。故选C。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：马奥尼想更好地了解瓦格纳，所以她要求和瓦格纳共度一天。A. introduce介绍；B. accompany陪同；C. interview面试；D. know了解。根据下文“so she asked to　　4　　a day together.”可知，马奥尼想更好地了解瓦格纳。故选D。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：马奥尼想更好地了解瓦格纳，所以她要求和瓦格纳共度一天。A. waste浪费；B. spend花（钱或时间）；C. wait等待；D. save保存。根据下文“a day together”可知，此处指她要求和瓦格纳共度一天。故选B。 20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们共同的一天经历让马奥尼想：有多少其他老年人可能会从这种全身心的关注中受益？A. sad悲伤的；B. fixed固定的；C. shared共有的；D. regretful后悔的。根据上文“Mahoney wanted to　　3　　Wagner better, so she asked to　　4　　a day together.”可知，此处指他们共同的一天经历。故选C。 21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们共同的一天经历让马奥尼想：有多少其他老年人可能会从这种全身心的关注中受益？A. pay for支付；B. take over接管；C. count on计数；D. benefit from受益于。根据上文““It was the first time in years that someone had made a day about him,” says Mahoney.”可知，此处指马奥尼联想到其他老年人也可能会从这种全身心的关注中受益。故选D。 22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：一些老年人是否因为无私地忙于照顾他人而推迟了自己的梦想？A. intentionally故意地；B. selflessly无私地；C. particularly特别是；D. luckily幸运的是。根据上文“some seniors delayed their own dreams”及下文“busy caring for others”可知，此处指一些老年人因为无私地忙于照顾他人而推迟了自己的梦想。故选B。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，有个叫奇泽姆的学生在酒吧工作。A. working工作；B. begging乞讨；C. crying哭泣；D. voting投票。根据空后“at the pub”可知，此处指在酒吧里工作。故选A。 24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他同样感兴趣，所以他们制定了一个计划：找到当地有长期梦想的老年人并实现它们。A. hardly几乎没有；B. secretly秘密地；C. randomly随机地；D. equally同样地。根据下文“so they made a plan: to find local seniors with long time dreams and realize them.”可知，奇泽姆和马奥尼同样感兴趣。故选D。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们很快就为他们的新慈善机构定了一个名字：我们很年轻，简称WAY。A. address地址；B. name名字；C. advertisement广告；D. poster海报。根据下文“We Are Young, or WAY for　　11　　.”可知，此处指他们给自己的新慈善机构定了一个名字。故选B。 26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们很快就为他们的新慈善机构定了一个名字：我们很年轻，简称WAY。A. short简短的；B. certain确定的；C. free免费的；D. real真实的。根据上文“We Are Young, or WAY”可知，此处指简称为WAY，固定搭配for short“简称”。故选A。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：到2017年，在组织高尔夫比赛筹集资金后，他们准备实现第一个愿望。A. return返回；B. owe欠；C. refuse拒绝；D. raise筹集。根据空后“funds”可知，此处指筹集资金。故选D。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，WAY已经实现了38个梦想，从乘坐直升机旅行到在卡塔尔观看足球比赛。A. learning学习；B. differing不同于；C. ranging(在一定的范围内)变化；D. suffering遭受。根据下文“from taking a helicopter trip to　　14　　 a football game in Qatar.”可知，此处是固定搭配range from...to...“范围从……到……”。故选C。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，WAY已经实现了38个梦想，从乘坐直升机旅行到在卡塔尔观看足球比赛。A. creating创造；B. watching观看；C. advertising做广告；D. inventing发明。根据空后“a football game in Qatar”可知，此处指在卡塔尔观看足球比赛。故选B。 30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老年人可以申请；然后，一个委员会会根据身体状况和经济需求等因素对愿望进行评估。A. physical身体的；B. natural天然的；C. emotional情绪化的；D. athletic运动的。根据上文“Seniors can apply”及常识可知，委员会会根据身体状况和经济需求等因素对愿望进行评估。故选A。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然他们的组织只在新斯科舍省运作，但每个WAY愿望都被记录下来，并通过视频传播。A. meeting会议；B. class等级；C. pub酒吧；D. organization组织。根据上文“They soon settled on a(n)　　10　　for their new charity: We Are Young, or WAY for　　11　　.”可知，此处指他们成立的慈善组织。故选D。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：马奥尼和奇泽姆有自己的梦想——他们希望人们受到启发，实现一个老年人的梦想。A. skills技能；B. dreams梦想；C. memories记忆；D. pains疼痛。根据上文语境可知，他们一直在帮助老年人实现梦想，由空前“Mahoney and Chisholm have their own”可知，此处指他们有自己的梦想。故选B。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：马奥尼和奇泽姆有自己的梦想——他们希望人们受到启发，实现一个老年人的梦想。A. inspired启发；B. envied羡慕；C. ordered命令；D. appointed任命。根据下文““We want to create a nationwide movement that　　19　　how we view and support seniors,” says Mahoney.”可知，他们希望人们能够受到启发。故选A。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们希望发起一场全国性的运动，改变我们看待和支持老年人的方式，”马奥尼说。A. ignores忽略；B. decreases减少；C. changes改变；D. punishes惩罚。根据下文“That is considered our social mission, and that is the difference our organization is trying to make to the　　20　　.”可知，此处指改变我们看待和支持老年人的方式。故选C。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这被认为是我们的社会使命，这也是我们组织试图给社会带来的改变。A. conference会议；B. experiment实验；C. society社会；D. job工作。根据上文“That is considered our social mission”可知，此处指给社会带来的改变。故选C。 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Psychology Today explains that body language includes the way that humans send unspoken signals to one another. Posture, hand gestures, and even the tiniest facial expressions are understood by people who might not even realize that they are seeing them. A person’s facial expressions can warn others about danger. For example, say someone opens a refrigerator and takes a large mouthful of soured milk. A twisted (扭曲的) expression and wide eyes directly send the message, “Leave this alone!” thus sparing others the sorry experience of trying the milk for themselves. Some human signals are naturally understood. Imagine you look out your window and observe a passerby hurrying along the sidewalk with his arms wrapped around himself. Your first reaction would undoubtedly be, “It’s cold and windy outside.” In a one-on-one conversation, a person with their arms crossed sends an unspoken signal that they are protecting their personal space. That person might, however, simply be tired or cold. Brain researchers explain that feelings happen before our thoughts. The time between them is very short, but that’s long enough for an observant human to sense the hunger, anger, impatience or happiness of another person directly. Humans are experts at quickly understanding another person’s attitude, and they do it before a single sentence is spoken. People naturally make eye contact when meeting another human. Even though some adults have learned to generally control basic facial features, the eyes tell us much. When a person looks into the eyes of someone they admire, their pupils (瞳孔) may widen, the same as when they see an object that they want very much. Body language creates an impression on anyone and everyone you meet. To make a positive impression, smile when you meet someone. Body language isn’t mind-reading nor does it give insight into what another person is thinking. When reading people carefully, body language helps you understand what another person wants or plans to do. 36．Which of the following is NOT body language? A．Hand gestures. B．Posture. C．Tone. D．Facial expressions. 37．What do we know from Paragraphs 2 through 4? A．Body language communicates people’s discomfort. B．Body language expresses what people can’t say. C．People often use the same body language to show their feelings. D．People make mistakes when understanding others’ body language. 38．How can we leave others with a good impression according to the author? A．By observing others carefully. B．By looking at others’ eyes naturally. C．By expressing our thoughts directly. D．By making a friendly expression. 39．How does the passage mainly develop? A．By making comparisons. B．By providing examples. C．By presenting research findings. D．By following the order of importance. 40．What is the best title for the text? A．Read people like books B．Thoughts or feelings C．Use body language well D．The art of communication 【答案】36．C 37．A 38．D 39．B 40．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是肢体语言在人际交往中的作用和重要性。 36．细节理解题。根据第一段“Psychology Today explains that body language includes the way that humans send unspoken signals to one another. Posture, hand gestures, and even the tiniest facial expressions are understood by people who might not even realize that they are seeing them.(《今日心理学》解释说，肢体语言包括人类向彼此传递无言信号的方式。姿势，手势，甚至是最微小的面部表情都能被人们理解，而人们可能甚至没有意识到自己在看它们)”可知，语调不是肢体语言。故选C。 37．细节理解题。根据第三段“Imagine you look out your window and observe a passerby hurrying along the sidewalk with his arms wrapped around himself. Your first reaction would undoubtedly be, “It’s cold and windy outside.”(想象一下，你向窗外望去，看到一个行人抱着胳膊匆匆走过人行道。你的第一反应无疑是：“外面又冷又刮风。”)”和第四段“In a one-on-one conversation, a person with their arms crossed sends an unspoken signal that they are protecting their personal space. That person might, however, simply be tired or cold.(在一对一的谈话中，一个人双臂交叉发出了一个不言而喻的信号，那就是他们在保护自己的私人空间。然而，那个人可能只是累了或冷了)”可知，肢体语言传达了人们的不适。故选A。 38．细节理解题。根据最后一段“To make a positive impression, smile when you meet someone.(为了给人留下积极的印象，当你见到别人的时候要微笑)”可知，通过做一个友好的表情我们才能给别人留下好印象。故选D。 39．推理判断题。根据第二段“For example, say someone opens a refrigerator and takes a large mouthful of soured milk.(例如，有人打开冰箱，喝了一大口酸牛奶)”和第三段“Imagine you look out your window and observe a passerby hurrying along the sidewalk with his arms wrapped around himself.(想象一下，你向窗外望去，看到一个行人抱着胳膊匆匆走过人行道)”可知，本文主要是通过举例来展开的。故选B。 40．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“Body language isn’t mind-reading nor does it give insight into what another person is thinking. When reading people carefully, body language helps you understand what another person wants or plans to do.(肢体语言不是读心术，也不能洞察他人的想法。仔细读懂别人时，肢体语言可以帮助你理解别人想要做什么或计划做什么)”可知，本文主要讲的是肢体语言在人际交往中的作用和重要性，肢体语言可以帮忙读懂人，因此最好的题目是A选项“Read people like books(读人如读书)”。故选A。 B Lao Zi once said, “Care about what other people think and you will always be their prisoner. ” People-pleasing, or seeking self-worth through others’ approval, is unproductive and an exhausting way to go through life. Why do we allow what others think of us to have so much power over how we feel about ourselves? If it’s true that you can’t please all people all of the time, wouldn’t it make sense to stop trying? Unfortunately, sense often isn’t driving our behavior. For social beings who desire love and belonging, wanting to be liked, and caring about the effect we have on others, is healthy and allows us to make connections. However, where we get into trouble is when our self- worth is dependent on whether we win someone’s approval or not. This need to be liked can be traced back to when we were children and were completely dependent on others to take care of us: Small children are not just learning how to walk and communicate, they are also trying to learn how the world works. We learn about who we are and what is expected of us based on interactions with others so, to a four-year-old, if Mommy or Daddy doesn’t like him or her, there is the danger that they will abandon them. We need to understand that when we desperately want someone to approve of us, it’s being driven by that little kid part of us that is still afraid of being abandoned. As you become more capable of providing yourself with the approval you seek, your need for external approval will start to disappear, leaving you stronger, more confident, and yes, happier in your life. Jmagine how much time we lose each moment we restrain our authentic selves in an effort to be liked. If we base our worth on the opinions of others, we cheat ourselves of the power to shape our experiences and embrace life not only for others but also for ourselves, because ultimately, there is no difference. So embrace the cliché (老话) and love yourself as you’ll not regret it. 41．What can we conclude from Lao Zi’s quotation? A．We should see through other people’s attempt to make a prisoner of us. B．We can never really please other people even if we try as hard as we can. C．We can never be truly free if we care about others’ opinion of us. D．We should care about other people’s view as much as they care about our own. 42．What will happen if we base our self- worth on other people’s approval? A．Our desire to be loved will be fulled B．Our Identity as social beings will be affected. C．Our life will be unfruitful and exhausting. D．Our sense of self will be sharpened and enhanced. 43．What may be the reason for our need to be liked or approved of? A．Our desperate longing for interactions with others. B．Our understanding of the workings of the world. C．Our knowledge about the pain of being abandoned. D．Our early childhood fear of being abandoned. 44．What can we do when we become better able to provide ourselves with the desired approval? A．Enjoy a happier life. B．Exercise self- restraint. C．Receive more external approval. D．Strengthen our power of imagination. 45．What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph? A．Embrace life for others. B．Love ourselves as we are. C．See our experiences as our wealth. D．Base our worth on others’ opinions. 【答案】41．C 42．C 43．D 44．A 45．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主旨在于阐述过度在意他人看法的危害及原因，并鼓励读者摆脱这种依赖，通过自我肯定来增强自信和幸福感。 41．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Lao Zi once said, “Care about what other people think and you will always be their prisoner. ”(老子曾经说过：“在意别人的想法，你将永远是别人的囚犯。”)”可知，如果我们过于在意他人的看法，就无法真正获得自由。故选C。 42．细节理解题。根据第二段中“People-pleasing, or seeking self-worth through others’ approval, is unproductive and an exhausting way to go through life.(取悦他人，或通过他人的认可来寻求自我价值，是一种无成效且疲惫的生活方式。)”可知，如果我们将自我价值建立在别人的认可上，那么我们的生活就会变得无成效且疲惫不堪。故选C。 43．推理判断题。根据第四段中“We need to understand that when we desperately want someone to approve of us, it’s being driven by that little kid part of us that is still afraid of being abandoned.( 当我们迫切希望得到某人的认可时，那是我们内心那个仍然害怕被遗弃的小孩在驱使。)”可知，我们渴望被喜欢或认可的原因是我们小时候害怕被抛弃。故选D。 44．推理判断题。根据第五段中“As you become more capable of providing yourself with the approval you seek, your need for external approval will start to disappear, leaving you stronger, more confident, and yes, happier in your life.( 当你更有能力为自己提供所需的认可时，你对外部认可的需求就会开始消失，这会让你变得更强大、更自信，生活也会更快乐。)”可知，当我们能够自己给自己提供所需的认可时，我们更能享受生活。故选A。 45．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“So embrace the cliché (老话) and love yourself as you’ll not regret it.(所以接受老话：爱你自己，因为你不会后悔的。)”可知，作者在最后一段建议我们要接受并爱我们自己，不要总是依赖他人的看法来定义自己的价值。故选B。 C For most farm boys, plowing the family field only inspires them with boredom. But for 14-year-old electronics talent Philo Farnsworth, going up and down the rows gave him the idea to project a recorded image by scanning (扫描) electrons back and forth across a glass screen. When he consulted his high school chemistry teacher about the idea, it was so complex that he had to draw a picture on the blackboard, which the teacher quickly copied down to study later. Encouraged by his teacher, Farnsworth continued his concept and, in 1927, at the age of 21, he developed and patented (申请专利) the world’s first working fully- electronic television. But like many other inventions, there were other people developing related ideas at the same time. One such man, Vladimir Zworykin, filed a patent for a similar concept in 1923, but couldn’t make it actually work. In1933, he got a patent on televisions. However, due to a mistake, the original filing date read 1923, making his patent earlier than Farnsworth’s. When his patent was approved, Zworykin was working for Radio Corporation of America (RCA), who planned to produce television s using his design. Believing that his 1927 patent was better than the 1933 patent, Farnsworth charged for royalties (特许使用权费) by law. Of course RCA insisted their employee had the patent before Farnsworth, so they refused to pay him any money. Farnsworth had an ace up his sleeve — his chemistry teacher. The teacher in court showed the original picture of 14-year-old Farnsworth’s blackboard explanation, proving he had been working on the invention well before Zworykin had even applied for his patent. Farnsworth received payments from RCA, but as America entered World War II, the government stopped the production of television sets. Shortly after the ban was removed, Farnsworth’s patent expired (期满), allowing RCA to make televisions free. This meant that, as television sales exploded in the 1950s and 60s, Farnsworth lost the most profitable years of his own invention. 46．Farnsworth’s TV-related idea was inspired by ______. A．other farm boys B．his farm work C．his chemistry teacher D．the image of a glass screen 47．Like Farnsworth, the man named Zworykin ______. A．invented many things B．was also a young talent C．patented his idea in 1923 D．worked on the TV-related idea 48．We can know that ______. A．Farnsworth confused his chemistry teacher by asking a hard question B．Zworykin came up with the same idea as Farnsworth’s 4 years later C．in Farnsworth’s opinion, his design was better than Zworykin’s D．RCA awarded Zworykin much money for his useful invention 49．By saying “Farnsworth had an ace up his sleeve”, the author means that ______. A．Farnsworth had a strong proof from his teacher B．Farnsworth refused to pay his chemistry teacher money C．Farnsworth was clever enough to leave the evidence D．Farnsworth thanked his chemistry teacher very much 50．It can be inferred from the text that ______. A．Zworykin applied for his patent after World War II B．Farnsworth’s teacher helped him apply for the patent C．Farnsworth failed to get much benefit from his invention D．Farnsworth was once employed by RCA for several months 【答案】46．B 47．D 48．C 49．A 50．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Philo Farnsworth如何从农场劳动中获得灵感，发明了世界上第一台全电子电视，并与Vladimir Zworykin之间的专利纠纷及其后续影响。 46．细节理解题。由文章第一段中“But for 14-year-old electronics talent Philo Farnsworth, going up and down the rows gave him the idea to project a recorded image by scanning (扫描) electrons back and forth across a glass screen. (但对于14岁的电子天才Philo Farnsworth来说，上下翻耕给了他一个通过电子在玻璃屏幕上扫描来回投射记录图像的想法。)”可知，Philo Farnsworth关于电视的想法是受到农场工作启发的。故选B。 47．细节理解题。由文章第二段中“But like many other inventions, there were other people developing related ideas at the same time. One such man, Vladimir Zworykin, filed a patent for a similar concept in 1923, but couldn’t make it actually work. In1933, he got a patent on televisions. (但就像许多其他的发明一样，也有其他人在同一时间提出了相关的想法。Vladimir Zworykin就是这样一个人，他在1923年为一个类似的概念申请了专利，但没能让它真正发挥作用。1933年，他获得了电视专利。)”可知，和Farnsworth一样，兹沃里金也在研究电视相关的想法。故选D。 48．细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Believing that his 1927 patent was better than the 1933 patent, Farnsworth charged for royalties (特许使用权费) by law. (Farnsworth认为他1927年的专利比1933年的专利好，因此依法收取特许使用权费。)”可知，Farnsworth认为他的设计比Zworykin的好。故选C。 49．推理判断题。由文章第四段“Farnsworth had an ace up his sleeve — his chemistry teacher. The teacher in court showed the original picture of 14-year-old Farnsworth’s blackboard explanation, proving he had been working on the invention well before Zworykin had even applied for his patent. (Farnsworth有一张王牌——他的化学老师。法庭上的老师展示了14岁的Farnsworth在黑板上解释的原始图片，证明他在Zworykin申请专利之前就已经在研究这项发明了。)”可知，作者说“Farnsworth手里有一张王牌”，意思是Farnsworth有来自他的化学老师的强有力的证据。故选A。 50．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Farnsworth received payments from RCA, but as America entered World War II, the government stopped the production of television sets. Shortly after the ban was removed, Farnsworth’s patent expired (期满), allowing RCA to make televisions free. This meant that, as television sales exploded in the 1950s and 60s, Farnsworth lost the most profitable years of his own invention. (Farnsworth收到了RCA的付款，但随着美国进入第二次世界大战，政府停止了电视机的生产。禁令解除后不久，Farnsworth的专利到期，允许RCA免费生产电视。这意味着，随着电视销售在20世纪50年代和60年代的爆炸式增长，Farnsworth失去了他自己发明的最赚钱的年份。)”可知，Farnsworth没有从他的发明中获得多少利益。故选C。 D How loneliness spreads Loneliness can also spread. A friend of a lonely person was 52 per cent more likely to develop feelings of loneliness. And a friend of that friend was 25 per cent more likely to do the same. Earlier findings showed that happiness, fatness and the ability to stop smoking can also spread within social groups. The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham, Massachusetts. The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then, more tests have been added, including measures of loneliness and depression. The new findings involved more than 5,000 people in the second generation of the Framingham Heart Study. The researchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness. The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends. For example, loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors. The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together. The study also found that loneliness spreads more easily among women than men. The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about forty-eight days a year. The study found that having a lonely friend can add about seventeen days. But every additional friend can decrease loneliness by about five per cent, or two and a half days. Lonely people become less and less trusting of others. This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends — and more likely that society will reject them. John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago led the study. He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness. He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks. The aim should be to create what he calls a “protective barrier” against loneliness. This barrier, he says, can keep the whole network from coming apart. 51．From the passage we can infer that the research subjects of the Framingham Heart Study _____. A．are all about mental health B．have been added continually C．are about the causes of heart disease D．is to create a “protective barrier” 52．Tom is a lonely man. He has a wife, a son, a sister and a close friend Mike. According to Paragraph 4, who does the underlined phrase “the second generation” involve? A．Ton’s wife. B．Tom’s son. C．Tom’s sister. D．Mike. 53．Why are lonely people difficult to make friends with others? A．Because they have poor communication skills. B．Because they always keep doubtful of others. C．Because they are rejected by others. D．Because they are affected by their friends. 54．In John Cacioppo’s opinion, _____. A．lonely people should be given a hand by society B．the protective barrier should be repaired for lonely people C．the number of lonely women is larger than that of men D．it’s impossible for lonely people to make any friends 55．In which column can you read this passage in a newspaper? A．This Is America. B．Science in News. C．Explorations. D．Health Report. 【答案】51．B 52．D 53．B 54．A 55．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究表明孤独是可以传播，并介绍了如何传播的及如何应对。 51．推理判断题。根据第二段“The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham, Massachusetts.(这些发现都来自美国马萨诸塞州弗雷明汉镇的一项重大健康研究)”及第三段“The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then, more tests have been added, including measures of loneliness and depression.(这项研究始于1948年，目的是调查心脏病的病因。从那以后，增加了更多的测试，包括孤独和抑郁的测试)”可推测，第三段的研究就是介绍the Framingham Heart Study，该研究不断地在增加新的测试，在持续增加并观察新的研究对象。故选B项。 52．推理判断题。根据第四段划线词下文“The researchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness. The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends.(研究人员调查了友谊史和孤独感报告。研究结果建立了一种模式，随着人们报告的亲密朋友越来越少，这种模式也会传播开来)”及第五段“For example, loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors. The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together. (例如，孤独会影响隔壁邻居之间的关系。曾经是亲密朋友的邻居现在在一起的时间越来越少，孤独感也随之蔓延)”可推测，该研究的第二代研究对象应该是孤独者的朋友或邻居。故选D项。 53．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Lonely people become less and less trusting of others. This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends — and more likely that society will reject them.(孤独的人变得越来越不相信别人。这使得他们交朋友越来越困难，社会也更有可能排斥他们)”可知，孤独的人很难和别人交朋友，因为他们总是怀疑别人。故选B项。 54．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago led the study. He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness. He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks.(芝加哥大学的John Cacioppo领导了这项研究。他说，认识和处理孤独是很重要的。他说，那些被推到社会边缘的人应该得到帮助来修复他们的社交网络)”可知，John Cacioppo认为，社会应该对这些孤独者伸出援手，给与帮助。故选A项。 55．推理判断题。根据第二段“Earlier findings showed that happiness, fatness and the ability to stop smoking can also spread within social groups. The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham, Massachusetts.(早期的研究发现，快乐、肥胖和戒烟的能力也能在社会群体中传播。这些发现都来自美国马萨诸塞州弗雷明汉镇的一项重大健康研究)”并综合全文可知，文章介绍的是科学研究的成果。由此推测，该文应刊登在报纸的科学领域新闻版块。故选B项。 第II卷 第三部分：写作 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，并根据题目要求用英语回答问题(请注意问题后的字数要求)。 Confucius Institute is a non-profit public institute which aims at promoting Chinese language and culture and supporting local Chinese teaching internationally through affiliated Confucius Institutes. Its headquarters is in Beijing and is under the Office of Chinese Language Council International or Hanban in Chinese. Over the past three decades, Chinese economy is booming. The world is watching China and many foreigners have realized the importance of seeking cooperation, so they want to do business with Chinese people and learning our language works better, Confucius institute provides the place to learn mandarin. As the world is crazy about Chinese, more and more foreigners have interest in our language and culture. With the purpose of promoting our language and culture, Confucius institute program was set up in Korea in 2004, now the Confucius institute is all around the world. The foreigners practise Chinese so hard. They learn how to pronounce and write, even use the chopsticks. The Confucius institute program works well. There is a biggest competition for the foreigner to show their Chinese. When we watch the show, we will realize they can speak Chinese so well and admire them so much, because it is so hard to learn. Some foreigners not only speak mandarin well, but also know much about Chinese culture. The Confucius institute program works to promote Chinese language and culture and the achievement is great. Today, the world is learning Chinese. 56．What is the aim of Confucius Institute? (no more than 15 words) 57．Why are many foreigners watching China and want to seek cooperation? (no more than 1o words) 58．What do more and more foreigners have interest in? (no more than 5 words) 59．What does the underlined word “admire” in Paragraph 4 mean? (1 word) 60．What do you think the future of Confucius Institute? (no more than 20 words) 【答案】56．The aim of Confucius Institute is to promote Chinese culture and support Chinese teaching worldwide. 57．Because Chinese economy is booming, from which foreigners can profit. 58．Chinese language and culture. 59．钦佩 60．Confucius Institute will remain a bridge which can not only facilitate multicultural exchange, but presents the beauty of Chinese culture. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了创建中国孔子学院的时代背景、重要意义和贡献。 56．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Confucius Institute is a non-profit public institute which aims at promoting Chinese language and culture and supporting local Chinese teaching internationally through affiliated Confucius Institutes.(孔子学院是一个非营利性的公共机构，旨在通过附属孔子学院推广中国语言和文化，并在国际上支持当地的汉语教学)”可知，孔子学院是一个在全球范围内致力于推广中国文化和促进汉语教学的非营利结构，故答案为The aim of Confucius Institute is to promote Chinese culture and support Chinese teaching worldwide. 57．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“Over the past three decades, Chinese economy is booming.(在过去的三十年里，中国经济蓬勃发展)”可知，中国的经济发展令世人瞩目，因此许多外国人想寻求与中国进行通商贸易，故答案为Because Chinese economy is booming, from which foreigners can profit. 58．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“As the world is crazy about Chinese, more and more foreigners have interest in our language and culture.(随着世界掀起一股汉语热，越来越多的外国人对我们的语言和文化产生了兴趣)”可知，越来越多的外国人对中国文化和汉语产生了浓厚的兴趣，故答案为Chinese language and culture. 59．考查词句猜测。根据文章第四段“because it is so hard to learn.(因为汉语真的很难)”和“Some foreigners not only speak mandarin well, but also know much about Chinese culture.(一些外国人不仅普通话说得好，而且对中国文化也很了解)”可知，我们对一些外国人能够流利地讲中文，并且通晓中国文化感到非常钦佩，毕竟汉语很难。由此推知，划线词应与“佩服；钦佩”之意相近。故答案为：钦佩。 60．开放性试题。言之有理，积极向上，注意词数限制。考生可依据文章内容和自身掌握的背景知识答题，例如：孔子学院将继续作为一座跨文化交流的桥梁，将瑰丽的中国文化呈现给世界。Confucius Institute will remain a bridge which can not only facilitate multicultural exchange, but presents the beauty of Chinese culture. 第二节：书面表达(满分25分) 61．假设你是某国际学校的学生会主席李津，你校刚刚开展了走进社区的一系列文明实践活动。请你为校园广播站写一篇英文活动报道，内容包括： (1)介绍你们参加的活动(如照顾老人;宣传交通法规等)及其原因; (2)说明此项活动的意义; (3)简单介绍此项活动引起的反响。 注意: (1)词数不少于100; (2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Our school has just launched a series of civilized practice activities into the community, which include taking care of the elderly and publicizing traffic laws and regulations and so on. The reason why we held these activities is that more elderly people need care and some uncivilized phenomena still exist. The significance is to raise people’s awareness of becoming a caring and civilized man. Through these activities, our activities have been covered by a variety of media outlets and aroused a strong response. More and more people who are willing to care about others and laws and regulations are called on to participate in them. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假设你是某国际学校的学生会主席李津，你校刚刚开展了走进社区的一系列文明实践活动。请你为校园广播站写一篇英文活动报道。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 包括：include→ involve 照顾：take care of→ look after 重要性： significance→ importance 参加：participate in→ take part in 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Through these activities, our activities have been covered by a variety of media outlets and aroused a strong response. 拓展句：It is through these activities that our activities have been covered by a variety of media outlets and aroused a strong response. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The reason why we held these activities is that more elderly people need care and some uncivilized phenomena still exist.（why引导的限制性定语从句和that引导的表语从句） [高分句型2] Our school has just launched a series of civilized practice activities into the community, which include taking care of the elderly and publicizing traffic laws and regulation.（which引导的非限制性定语从句） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$