第13讲 重点题型之单项选择（知识梳理+考点精讲精练+实战训练）-【决胜春考】2025 春季高考英语冲刺总复习（天津专用）

( 第 13 讲： 重点题型之单项选择题 ) 1、 考试要求 1. 了解单项选择题考查方向； 2. 语言知识：包括词汇、语法、句型等基础知识，要求学生能够准确理解和运用； 3. 交际用语的使用； 2、 命题分析 根据近几年高考真题可知，单项选择题主要考查了名词词义辨析、动词时态和语态、形容词和副词的词义辨析、介词短语、从句类型、连词辨析及其情景交际等。 1、英语语法知识;（但是在语言逻辑统领下的语法知识考查，而非纯语法。） 2、对近义词、易混词或习惯用语的辨析考查; 3、常见词（组），考查一词多义、一词多组的认知与理解； 4、动词短语及物与不及物的辨析考查； 5、主动语态与被动语态，以及夹杂主谓一致的考查； 6、非谓语考查； 7、特殊句式的考查； 8、各种从句辨析考查； 9、情态动词的语气考查； 10、日常交际用语。 1. 动词的时态和语态 （1）选项中有主动、被动，答案往往选被动； （2）选择had done，要找到过去的过去； （3）一定要从句中确定时间，结合翻译去选择答案； （4）选择现在完成时，往往都有标志词，一般都可以翻译成“已经……”； （5）动词的时态语态经常和主谓一致一起考查，with, along with, together with, as well as, rather than, but, except是“就远原则”。 例1.（2021·天津·高考真题）Good evening, everybody. Professor King ________ his lecture in a moment, but let me introduce him first. A．delivered B．will be delivering C．was delivering D．has been delivering 【答案】B 【难度】0.94 【知识点】deliver、将来进行时 【详解】考查将来进行时。句意：大家晚上好，金教授马上要发表演讲，但（开始之前）让我先介绍一下他。根据语境和标志词in a moment（立即，即将，一会儿）的提示，可知教授的演讲还未开始，用将来时态（一般将来时或将来进行时），仅有B符合题意，是将来进行时的结构，故选B。 例2.（2021·天津·高考真题）Mark is a genius. By the time he graduated, he ________ jobs by a dozen computer companies. A．has offered B．has been offered C．had offered D．had been offered 【答案】D 【难度】0.65 【知识点】offer sb. sth.、过去完成时的被动语态 【详解】考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意：马克是个天才。到他毕业的时候，已经有十几家电脑公司给他提供了工作机会。该句是复合句，含By the time引导的时间状语从句，主句动作先于从句动作，且主句主语he和谓语动词offer之间是被动关系，是过去完成时的被动语态。故选D。 例3.（2021·天津·高考真题）Currently, about 35,000 works ________ in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything. A．were displaying B．are displaying C．were being displayed D．are being displayed 【答案】D 【难度】0.65 【知识点】display、现在进行时的被动语态、需要使用被动语态的情况 【详解】考查时态和语态。目前，大约有35000件作品陈列在卢浮宫的300多个展室里，要看完所有的展品恐怕要花一辈子的时间。根据上文“Currently(目前)”可知，应该用现在进行时；display与主语works之间为被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动。故选D。 2. 非谓语动词 （1）作为正确选项的答案，往往只有to do, doing, done, having done，to be done； （2）一个逗号后面，往往选doing，逗号后一般不选to do。 （3）only to do表意外结果或事与愿违的结果； （4）逻辑主语一般是句子主语或挖空左边的名词，结合翻译确定； （5）选项中有doing也有having done需要重点看看有没有动作先后顺序； （6）to be done翻译成“将被”，being done翻译成“正在被”； （7）having done 不是被动，它的被动是having been done； （8）非谓语动词能做主语的只有动名词和不定式； （9）每年高考考两题，这两道题的考点一般都是不一样的。 典例（2021·天津·高考真题）Mary became a baker at age 14, because her grandfather paid the local baker ________ her all the skills. A．to have taught B．to teach C．teaching D．having taught 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】不定式的一般式：to+动词原形、动词的固定结构、teach(taught taught) 【详解】考查动词的固定结构。句意：玛丽在14岁时成为了一名面包师，因为她的祖父付钱给当地的面包师来教她所有的技能。短语pay sb. to do sth.，意为“雇佣某人做某事”，根据句意，故选B。 （2023·天津·高考真题）The Palace Museum has the most remarkable collection of fine clocks in the world, mainly _________ from Europe and China. A．originating B．originated C．being originated D．having originated 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】现在分词作定语、originate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：故宫博物院收藏了世界上最精美的钟表，主要来自欧洲和中国。句中有谓语has，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰fine clocks，且动词originate(源于)和fine clocks是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故选A。 3. 定语从句 （1）先看从句缺不缺成分，如果不缺，从关系副词when, where, why中选择，如果缺，从关系代词，that, which, who, whom, whose, as中选择； （2）选项中有whose, 注意看看是不是缺定语； （3）重点看是否缺宾语，缺少宾语，对于绝大多数同学都是难点； （4）定从千万别选what, how，them, those，it这样的选项； （5）只有as可以放在句首，as也可以放在句中，可以翻译成“正如”，先行词是一个句子； （6）逗号后面，不选that。 典例（2023·天津·高考真题）Kenny still remembers the class discussion________the teacher asked students to share what they wanted to be when they grew up. A．why B．which C．that D．where 【答案】D 【难度】0.65 【知识点】关系副词where引导限制性定语从句 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：Kenny仍然记得课堂上的讨论，老师要求学生们分享他们长大后想成为什么样的人。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the class discussion。先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，意为“在课堂讨论中”，是“模糊地点”，所以用关系副词where引导定语从句。故选D。 4. 名词性从句 （1）判断方法主要看挖空左边； 主语从句：啥都没有/ it作形式主语； 宾语从句：及物动词/ 介词； 表语从句：系动词（am, is, are, was, were） 同位语从句：抽象名词（suggestion, proposal, advice, news, fact, opinion, conclusion, feeling, evidence…） （2）名词性从句缺少主、宾、表，优先考虑what，whatever，缺主，指人，选who，或whoever，其他靠翻译； 典例（2022·天津·高考真题）Mental health involves________ you process things such as stress and anxiety. A．how B．what C．why D．which 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】how、what、which、why、连接副词how引导宾语从句 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：心理健康包括如何处理诸如压力和焦虑之类的事物。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的宾语从句作谓语动词involves的宾语，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，但句意不完整，根据句意可知，表示“如何，怎样”的连词how符合句意。故选A项。 5.情态动词 （1）shall用法，用于第二第三人称陈述句表并令规定允诺。用于第三人称疑问句表建议或征求对方意见； （2）should有“按说应该”，“竟然”的意思； （3）cannot与too, too much, enough连用，表再……也不为过； （4）对过去的推测，要选择：情态动词+have done这样的选项； （5）may, might表示不知道或不确定，mayn’t/ mightn’t 翻译成：可能不； （6）will：意愿/现在常常/事物的一种固有属性；would：意愿/过去常常； （7）must have done：表示对过去的肯定推测，反义词：can’t have done/ couldn’t have done，切记没有：mustn’t have done； （8）ought to have done/ should have done：本应该； （9）could have done：本能够……/ 对过去的推测； （10）may well 很可能；may as well：不妨，倒不如。 典例1.（2021·天津·高考真题）---I honestly don't think I'm going to be admitted. ---Well, you never know! You________ a better impression than you think. A．may have made B．should have made C．couldn't have made D．needn't have made 【答案】A 【难度】0.85 【知识点】can’t/couldn’t have done的用法、should(ought to) have done的用法、needn’t have done的用法、may/might have done的用法 【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：—老实说，我觉得我不会被录取。—唉，谁知道呢!你给人的印象可能比你想象的要好。A.may have made 可能；B.should have made本应该做；C.couldn't have made不可能做；D.needn't have made本不必做。根据句意可知，此处表示的是有可能，故选A。 典例2.（2021·天津·高考真题）It used to be that you ___drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere. A．need B．should C．could D．must 【答案】C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】could、must、need、should、can/could表示推测 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：以前你可能在这里开了几英里，都没见过别人，但现在到处都是房子和人。A. need 需要；B. should 应该，理应如此； C. could 可能，表示对客观可能性的推测；D. must 一定，必须。根据前半句意思可知，表示的是对客观可能性的推测。故选C。 6. 虚拟语气 （1）if 引导的三个公式。从句时间往前推一个，主句有情态动词； （2）wish, if only, as if/though公式一样，过去，选过去的过去，现在，选一般过去，would rather公式，现在，将来都选一般过去时； （3）坚持，命令，要求，建议，选should do ,should可省略。多注意被动should省略。 （4）it is high time ，选一般过去时，或should do, should不可省略。 典例1.（23-24高三下·广东东莞·开学考试）He might have already recovered from his illness ________ the fact that he didn’t follow the doctor’s advice. A．if it was not for B．were it not for C．if it should not be for D．had it not been for 【答案】D 【知识点】与过去事实相反的假设、省略if的条件句 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是因为他没有听从医生的建议，他可能已经康复了。由主句中的might have recovered可知，这是对过去发生的事情的虚拟，所以if条件句中应该用过去完成时态，即if it had not been for...，在if引导的条件句中，如果if被省略，则把had提前，变为had it not been for...，故选D。 典例2..（2023·河南郑州·模拟预测）But for my casual attitude, I wouldn’t have been dismissed and ________ with my colleagues on the project now. A．might have worked B．would be working C．were to work D．had worked 【答案】B 【知识点】错综时间条件句 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是我的随意态度，我不会被解雇，并且现在会和我的同事一起工作。结合语意可知，由于随意的态度，我已经被解雇，现在没有和同事一起工作，所以“现在会和我的同事一起工作”是非真实情况，应用虚拟语气；且本句为错综时间条件句，根据句中now可知，空处是对现在的虚拟，谓语动词应用would be working。故选B项。 7.状语从句 （1）主要翻译就行； （2）选项中有after，有before，重点关注before； （3）while位于句首可以翻译成“尽管”，居中可以翻译成“而”。 典例（2021·天津·高考真题）Feeling fearful is healthy ________ it helps you slow down and evaluate risks properly. A．because B．until C．before D．although 【答案】A 【难度】0.85 【知识点】although、because、before、until、原因状语从句 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：感到恐惧是有益于健康的，因为它能帮助你慢下来，正确评估风险。A. because因为；B. until直到；C. before在……之前；D. although虽然。根据语境，主句提到healthy（有益于健康的），连词引导的从句部分则在具体描述为何说是有益于健康的，这是一个原因状语从句，适用because（因为）引导，故选A。 8.特殊句式 （1）部分倒装only，so， such，否定词放句首。 完全倒装，主语放在最后，谓语动词放主语前面； （2）注意强调句和定语从句的区分，重点看是否有it is ／was ； （3）不定式的省略保留到to；ought to have （done）中的done可以省略。 典例1．（2024·天津·高考真题）Coffee may cause sleep disturbance, especially when _________ in large amounts or after 2 pm. A．consumed B．being consumed C．consuming D．having consumed 【答案】A 【知识点】状语从句中的省略 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：咖啡可能会引起睡眠障碍，尤其是大量饮用后或在下午两点以后饮用。此处为状语从句的省略，且consume意为“吃；喝；饮用”，与句子主语 coffee构成逻辑上的动宾关系，省略be动词，故用过去分词形式。故选A。 典例2．（2024·全国·模拟预测）Not until he went abroad to further his study _______ the importance of English. A．has he found B．he has found C．did he find D．he had found 【答案】C 【知识点】一般过去时表过去的动作和状态 、否定副词位于句首的倒装 【详解】考查一般过去时和部分倒装。句意：直到他出国留学才发现英语的重要性。根据“Not until he went abroad to further his study”可知，此处应用一般过去时。not until位于句首，句子应用部分倒装。故选C。 典例3．（23-24高三下·广东中山·阶段练习）It was not until he came back home ______ he knew what had happened. A．that B．which C．when D．while 【答案】A 【知识点】It be…that/who强调句型 【详解】考查it强调句。句意：直到他回到家，他才知道发生了什么事。it was not until...that意为“直到……才”，为固定句式，此处为it强调句句式，强调的是时间状语“not until he came back home”。故选A。 9.情景交际 （1）重点关注后一句话，看看是支持还是不支持第一个人观点。 典例1.（2021·天津·高考真题）I told you! I really am ranked the lowest. Number 25 out of 25 players. ________ You've got nowhere to go but up. A．Tell me a bit more. B．I'm not so sure about that. C．Look on the bright side! D．That is absolute nonsense! 【答案】C 【难度】0.85 【知识点】情景交际 【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——我告诉过你！我真的是排名最低的。25名球员中的第25名。——抱乐观态度吧。你会越来越好的。A.Tell me a bit more再多告诉我一些；B.I'm not so sure about that对此我不确定；C.Look on the bright side!抱乐观态度；D.That is absolute nonsense!这完全是胡说八道。根据“You've got nowhere to go but up. ”可知，此处是指抱乐观态度吧。你会越来越好的。故选C项。 典例2.（2021·天津·高考真题）—I was trying to place an order on your website, but I failed. ________ .I can take your order over the phone. A．That’s fine B．No way C．My pleasure D．Of course 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】情景交际 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我想在你们的网站上下订单，但是我失败了。——我可以通过电话帮您点餐。A. That’s fine没关系；B. No way不行，没门；C. My pleasure不客气；D. Of course当然。根据“I can take your order over the phone”可知，此处表示没有关系。故选A。 1．（2024·天津·高考真题）The organizers had to cancel the outdoor concert due to the sudden thunderstorm, _________ many eager fans who had been waiting for hours. A．disappointing B．to disappoint C．having disappointed D．disappointed 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】现在分词作状语 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于突然的雷暴天气，组织者不得不取消了户外音乐会，使得等待了几个小时的粉丝们非常失望。此处作状语，表示“自然而然的结果”，户外音乐会的取消让粉丝们失望，故应用现在分词作结果状语，故选A。 2．（2024·天津·高考真题）When he went out of his way to help me, I told him how _________ I was for his assistance. A．sensitive B．annoyed C．reliable D．grateful 【答案】D 【难度】0.85 【知识点】annoyed、grateful、reliable、sensitive、形容词词义辨析 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他尽心尽力地帮助我，我因此向他表达诚挚的感谢。A. sensitive敏感的；B. annoyed生气的；C. reliable可靠的；D. grateful感激的。根据前文“he went out of his way to help me”可知，他尽心尽力地帮助我，因此我很感激他，故应用形容词grateful作表语，故选D。 3．（2024·天津·高考真题）The fence between the two tennis courts _________. Soon children will have enough space for football games. A．are removed B．is to be removed C．were to be removed D．was being removed 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】不定式的被动语态 【详解】考查动词不定式的被动语态结构。句意：两个网球场之间的栅栏将被拆除。很快孩子们就有足够的空间踢足球了。此处为谓语动词的填入，由第二句中的“will”可知，该句应该用将来时，所以选项中动词不定式可以表示将来，主语The fence和动词remove为被动关系，所以为动词不定式的被动语态结构，结合主语The fence为单数名词，所以为动词三单形式。故选B项。 4．（2024·天津·高考真题）_________ focusing on winning the approval of others, try to understand and accept yourself. A．Because of B．Instead of C．For fear of D．In terms of 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】because of、in terms of、介词短语辨析 【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：不要执着于赢得他人的认可，而是要努力理解和接受自己。A. Because of 由于；B. Instead of 代替、而不是；C. For fear of 担心；D. In terms of 就……而言。根据“try to understand and accept yourself.”可知，不要执着于赢得他人的认可，而是努力理解和接受自己。故选B项。 5．（2024·天津·高考真题）Exercise is not only good for our bodies, but it can also _________ our mood and help us deal with anxiety. A．boost B．match C．ruin D．reflect 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】reflect、ruin、动词词义辨析、boost 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：运动不仅对我们的身体有好处，而且还可以改善我们的情绪，帮助我们应对焦虑。A. boost促进，提高；B. match匹配； C. ruin毁灭；D. reflect反思。由句意和help us deal with anxiety可知，这里指运动可以“促进（改善）”我们的情绪。故选A项。 6．（2024·天津·高考真题）As a symbol of the glorious history of Chinese civilization, the Forbidden City _________ the cultural memory of the country. A．invents B．preserves C．acquires D．declares 【答案】B 【难度】0.85 【知识点】acquire、declare、invent、preserve、动词词义辨析 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为中华文明辉煌历史的象征，紫禁城保存着国家的文化记忆。A. invents发明；B. preserves保存；C. acquires获得；D. declares宣布。根据“the cultural memory of the country”可知，紫禁城作为历史的象征，应该是保存文化记忆。故选B。 7．（2024·天津·高考真题）This online course _________, but you can still access and use the original version. A．has updated B．had updated C．has been updated D．had been updated 【答案】C 【难度】0.85 【知识点】update、现在完成时的被动语态 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这个在线课程已经更新，但你仍然可以访问和使用原始版本。根据“you can still access and use the original version”可知，此处暗示课程已经更新，但仍可使用原版本。主语This online course与谓语update为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态。故选C项。 8．（2024·天津·高考真题）Caroline doesn't have a natural talent for music but she _________ it with hard work. A．lives up to B．makes up for C．reaches out to D．looks out for 【答案】B 【难度】0.85 【知识点】live up to、reach out to、make up for、动词短语辨析 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：卡洛琳没有音乐天赋，但她通过努力学习弥补了这一缺陷。A.lives up to不辜负；B.makes up for弥补；C.reaches out to联系；D.looks out for留意。根据“Caroline doesn't have a natural talent for music”及“hard work”可知，她通过努力学习弥补了这一缺陷。故选B。 9．（2024·天津·高考真题）—Do you remember little Julien from Grade Two? —Well, _________, but I can’t quite think who he is. A．it’s up to you B．that’s a good point C．I really envy you D．that name rings a bell 【答案】D 【难度】0.85 【知识点】情景交际 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你记得二年级的小朱力安吗？——呃，这个名字有点耳熟，但是我记不起他是谁了。A. it’s up to you你来决定；B. that’s a good point说得对；C. I really envy you我好羡慕你；D. that name rings a bell这个名字有点耳熟。根据后文“but I can’t quite think who he is”可知，这个名字有点耳熟，但是我记不起他是谁了。故选D。 10．（2024·天津·高考真题）We were worried that there would be a lot of disagreement at the meeting, but everything went quite _________ . A．repeatedly B．endlessly C．smoothly D．urgently 【答案】C 【难度】0.85 【知识点】endlessly、repeatedly、smoothly、副词词义辨析 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们本来担心开会时会有很多分歧，但是一切进展顺利。A. repeatedly重复地；B. endlessly不断地；C. smoothly顺利地；D. urgently紧急地。根据上文“We were worried that there would be a lot of disagreement at the meeting, but everything went quite”可知，指本来担心开会时会有很多分歧，但是一切进展顺利。故选C。 11．（2024·天津·高考真题）Someone is planning to move out of our building, and their apartment will be _________ for rent at the beginning of March. A．available B．normal C．competitive D．expensive 【答案】A 【难度】0.85 【知识点】available、competitive、expensive、normal、形容词词义辨析 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有人打算搬出我们的大楼，他们的公寓将在三月初出租。A. available可获得的，可租用的；B. normal正常的；C. competitive有竞争力的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据“Someone is planning to move out of our building”可推知，有人要搬出去了，所以公寓将在三月初可以出租，应用available，表示“可获得的，可租用的”。故选A项。 12．（2024·天津·高考真题）The Smiths _________ the online shopping experience in China since they moved back to New Zealand two years ago. A．had been missing B．were missing C．have been missing D．will be missing 【答案】C 【难度】0.85 【知识点】表过去开始到现在仍在发生的动作 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从两年前搬回新西兰以来，史密斯一家一直很怀念在中国的网购体验。由since引导的时间状语从句可知，主句应该用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。结合选项可知，A选项为过去完成进行时；B选项为过去进行时；C选项为现在完成进行时；D选项为将来进行时。故选C。 13．（2024·天津·高考真题）Coffee may cause sleep disturbance, especially when _________ in large amounts or after 2 pm. A．consumed B．being consumed C．consuming D．having consumed 【答案】A 【难度】0.85 【知识点】状语从句中的省略 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：咖啡可能会引起睡眠障碍，尤其是大量饮用后或在下午两点以后饮用。此处为状语从句的省略，且consume意为“吃；喝；饮用”，与句子主语 coffee构成逻辑上的动宾关系，省略be动词，故用过去分词形式。故选A。 14．（2024·天津·高考真题）The new model electric car should _________ many safety tests before it is released to the public. A．turn out B．bring about C．go through D．set up 【答案】C 【难度】0.85 【知识点】go through、set up、turn out、bring about、动词短语辨析 【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：新款电动汽车在向公众发布之前应该经过许多安全测试。A. turn out结果是；B. bring about引起；C. go through通过；D. set up建立。新型电动汽车在正式上市之前应该通过多次安全测试。故选C项。 15．（2024·天津·高考真题）Spring Festival is a time of good cheer in the _________ of family and friends. A．company B．absence C．shape D．attempt 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】absence、attempt、company、shape、名词词义辨析 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：春节是亲朋好友团聚相伴的欢乐时光。A. company 陪伴；B.  absence缺席；C. shape形状；D. attempt尝试。根据后文“of family and friends”可知，此处指亲朋好友团聚相伴。故选A。 16．（2024·天津·高考真题）From the first explorers to today's travelers, humans have always had a desire _________ new places. A．to discover B．to be discovering C．to be discovered D．to have discovered 【答案】A 【难度】0.85 【知识点】discover、不定式的一般式：to+动词原形 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从第一批探险者到今天的旅行者，人类一直抱有发现新领域的渴望。discover意为“发现”，与句子主语humans构成逻辑上的主谓关系，应用to discover作desire的后置定语。故选A。 17．（2023·天津·高考真题）The British romantic poet William Wordsworth grew up in the Lake District,which was a great ________ of inspiration for his poems. A．discovery B．form C．source D．symbol 【答案】C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】discovery、form、source、symbol、名词词义辨析 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：英国浪漫主义诗人威廉·华兹华斯在湖区长大，湖区是他诗歌创作的重要源泉。A. discovery发现；B. form形式；C. source来源，源泉；D. symbol象征。由下文“of inspiration for his poems.”可知，湖区是他诗歌创作的重要源泉。故选C。 18．（2023·天津·高考真题）On April 22 every year, people around the world mark Earth Day by _________ the environment. A．adapting to B．benefiting from C．caring for D．relying on 【答案】C 【难度】0.85 【知识点】动词短语辨析、rely on、care for、adapt to 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：每年的4月22日，世界各地的人们都通过关心环境来纪念地球日。A. adapting to适应；B. benefiting from受益于；C. caring for关心；D. relying on依靠。根据上文“people around the world mark Earth Day by”指通过关心环境来纪念地球日。故选C。 19．（2023·天津·高考真题）The bottle is quite difficult to open; the _________ is to pour hot water on it first. A．focus B．target C．function D．trick 【答案】D 【难度】0.65 【知识点】focus、function、target、trick、名词词义辨析 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个瓶子很难打开；诀窍是先把热水倒在上面。A. focus焦点；B. target目标；C. function功能；D. trick诀窍。由“pour hot water on it first”可知，空格处应表达“诀窍”，故用trick，作主语。故选D。 20．（2023·天津·高考真题）Athletes should make _________ preparation, both physical and psychological, before entering a big race. A．adequate B．slight C．identical D．rough 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】adequate、identical、rough、slight、形容词词义辨析 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：运动员在参加大型比赛前应该做好充分的生理和心理准备。A. adequate足够的；B. slight轻微的；C. identical相同的；D. rough粗糙的，不平的。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，根据句意，此处表示“足够的，充足的”，用adequate。故选A。 21．（2023·天津·高考真题）The Palace Museum has the most remarkable collection of fine clocks in the world, mainly _________ from Europe and China. A．originating B．originated C．being originated D．having originated 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】现在分词作定语、originate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：故宫博物院收藏了世界上最精美的钟表，主要来自欧洲和中国。句中有谓语has，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰fine clocks，且动词originate(源于)和fine clocks是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故选A。 22．（2023·天津·高考真题）China is a shining example for the global community to follow _________developing green industry to fight climate change. A．in addition to B．in return for C．in terms of D．in agreement with 【答案】C 【难度】0.85 【知识点】in addition to、in agreement with、in terms of、介词短语辨析 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：中国是国际社会发展绿色产业应对气候变化的光辉榜样。A. in additon to除……之外；B. in return for作为……的回报；C.in terms of就……而言；从……方面（说来）；D. in agreement with同意，与……一致。根据语意，中国在发展绿色产业应对气候变化方面来说是光辉的榜样。故选C。 23．（2023·天津·高考真题）People who value their privacy are concerned about _________Google might do with the information it is gathering. A．that B．what C．why D．how 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】连接代词what引导宾语从句 、what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：重视隐私的人担心谷歌可能会对其收集的信息做些什么。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句。宾语从句中缺少宾语，表示“谷歌可能做的事情”，所以用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故选B。 24．（2023·天津·高考真题）_________ several adjustments to the design for two months, the engineer eventually succeeded in building a highly efficient system. A．Trying B．Tried C．Having tried D．Having been tried 【答案】C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】现在分词的完成式：having done、try 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在两个月的时间里，这位工程师对设计尝试了几次调整，最终成功地构建了一个高效的系统。本句谓语为succeeded，此处应用非谓语动词，逻辑主语the engineer与try“尝试”为主动关系，且此处强调动作try发生在谓语succeeded之前，应用现在分词的完成式having tried，作状语。故选A。 25．（2023·天津·高考真题）_________ you are old enough to make your own judgement, you should start to pursue your career. A．Even if B．As though C．Ever since D．Now that 【答案】D 【难度】0.85 【知识点】even if、ever since、从属连词、原因状语从句、now that、as though 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：既然你已经长大了，可以自己做判断了，你应该开始追求你的事业了。A. Even if即使；B. As though好像；C. Ever since自从；D. Now that既然。根据“you should start to pursue your career.”可知，主从句之间为因果关系，所以此处使用“既然”符合逻辑，表示“既然你已经长大，有能力自己做判断”，故选D项。 26．（2023·天津·高考真题）The wooden tower that _________ will be open to tourists soon, and the work is almost finished. A．is being restored B．is restored C．is restoring D．restores 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】现在进行时的被动语态 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：正在修复的木塔很快将对游客开放，工程即将完工。A. is being restored正在被修复，现在进行时的被动语态；B. is restored被修复，一般现在时的被动语态；C. is restoring正在修复，现在进行时；D.restores修复，一般现在时。此句the wooden tower是先行词，做定语从句的主语，restore是定语从句的谓语动词，二者在逻辑上是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。根据后文the work is almost finished，修复工作几乎快要结束，说明还没结束，修复、复原工作正在进行。所以要用现在进行时的被动语态。故填is being restored，故选A项。 27．（2023·天津·高考真题）I really want to go to a place for the summer vacation, ________ especially with beautiful scenery and unique culture. A．it B．that C．this D．one 【答案】D 【难度】0.65 【知识点】one、简单不定代词 【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：我真的很想去一个地方过暑假，一个特别美丽的风景和独特的文化。A. it它；B. that那个；C. this这个；D. one一个。分析句子，此处表示泛指过暑假的地方，one指代的刚提到过的同一类人或物。故选D。 28．（2023·天津·高考真题）—Is it all right if I leave a bit earlier? ——_________ . I can finish the report on my own. A．Sure thing B．Help yourself C．Forget it D．That depends 【答案】A 【难度】0.85 【知识点】情景交际 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我可以早点走吗?——当然。我可以自己完成这份报告。A. Sure thing（答应建议或要求）当然，一定；B. Help yourself请自便；C. Forget it算了吧；D. That depends看情况而定。结合“Is it all right if I leave a bit earlier?”以及“I can finish the report on my own”可知，上文征求对方的意见，所以此处应为“当然”符合语境。故选A项。 29．（2023·天津·高考真题）We _________bother with details, for our teammates will do everything in their power to help us. A．mustn’t B．daren’t C．needn’t D．can’t 【答案】C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】dare、need、can't/couldn't stop doing sth.、情态动词(not)+动词原形、need的用法 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我们不必为细节而烦恼，因为我们的队友会尽全力帮助我们。A. mustn’t禁止；B. daren’t不敢；C. needn’t不必；D. can’t不能。根据“for our teammates will do everything in their power to help us”可知，因为我们队友会全力帮助我们，所以我们不必为细节烦恼。故选C。 30．（2023·天津·高考真题）—Is Mr. Pearl available, please? — _________ . I'll just see if he is in the office. A．After you B．Hang on C．With pleasure D．Go ahead 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】情景交际、hang on 【详解】考查情景对话。句意：——请问Pearl先生在吗？——稍等。我去看看他在不在办公室。A. After you您先；B. Hang on稍等；C. With pleasure愿意效劳；D. Go ahead随便。根据句意，此处表示“稍等”。故选B。 31．（2023·天津·高考真题）Kenny still remembers the class discussion________the teacher asked students to share what they wanted to be when they grew up. A．why B．which C．that D．where 【答案】D 【难度】0.65 【知识点】关系副词where引导限制性定语从句 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：Kenny仍然记得课堂上的讨论，老师要求学生们分享他们长大后想成为什么样的人。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the class discussion。先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，意为“在课堂讨论中”，是“模糊地点”，所以用关系副词where引导定语从句。故选D。 32．（2023·天津·高考真题）Human impact on the animal kingdom, such as hunting and destruction of habitats, ___________a reduction in the population of certain species in the past three decades. A．has caused B．have caused C．was causing D．were causing 【答案】A 【难度】0.85 【知识点】cause、现在完成时、语法一致 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：人类对动物王国的影响，如狩猎和破坏栖息地，在过去的30年里导致了某些物种的数量的减少。设空处为谓语，根据时间状语in the past three decades可知应用现在完成时，主语Human impact，谓语用第三人称单数，故选A。 33．（2023·天津·高考真题）Some restaurants are happy to provide a free cake if you let them know in advance that you ________a group for a birthday party. A．will be bringing B．have brought C．have been bringing D．were bringing 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】将来进行时 【详解】考查时态。句意：如果你提前告诉一些餐馆你将带一个团队来参加生日派对，他们会很乐意提供一个免费的蛋糕。根据“in advance”可知，此处表示将来的动作，所以应用将来进行时。故选A。 34．（2023·天津·高考真题）________a small amount of money each month is widely recognized as a good habit for personal finance management. A．Picking out B．Putting aside C．Giving away D．Getting back 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】get back、give away、pick out、动词短语辨析 【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：每月存一点钱被广泛认为是个人理财的好习惯。A. Picking out 挑选出；B. Putting aside 存储；C. Giving away 捐赠；D. Getting back 回来。根据“is widely recognized as a good habit for personal finance management”可知，存钱理财是好习惯。故选 B。 35．（2023·天津·高考真题）We are determined that our teacher training programs should ________ current developments in the field of education. A．catch sight of B．make room for C．take pride in D．keep pace with 【答案】D 【难度】0.65 【知识点】catch sight of、make room for、take pride in、keep pace with、动词短语辨析 【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们决心我们的教师培训计划应该跟上当前教育领域的发展。A. catch sight of看见；B. make room for为……腾出空间；C. take pride in以……为骄傲；D. keep pace with与……保持同步；跟上……。由上文“our teacher training programs should”和下文“current developments in the field of education.”可知，教师培训计划应该跟上当前教育领域的发展，“跟上”为动词短语keep pace with，故选D。 36．（2023·天津·高考真题）________our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who enjoy the same hobbies, even if they live on the other side of the world. A．However B．Whatever C．Wherever D．Whichever 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】让步状语从句 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：无论我们的爱好是什么，互联网都可以把我们和世界另一端有相同爱好的人联系起来。A. However 然而；B. Whatever 无论什么；C. Wherever 无论哪里；D. Whichever 无论哪一个。________our hobbies 为省略句，其完整句子为________ our hobbies are，从句缺少表语，指物，所以whatever引导让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”。故选 B。 37．（2023·天津·高考真题）The hero’s touching story ________ online has drawn thousands of “likes” and hundreds of comments from the public. A．posting B．to post C．posted D．to be posted 【答案】C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】过去分词作定语 【详解】考查非谓语动词、句意：这位英雄的感人故事被张贴在网上，已经吸引了成千上万的“赞”和数百条公众评论。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。post 和名词story 是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故选C。 38．（2023·天津·高考真题）________ back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history. A．Dating B．Being dated C．To date D．To be dated 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】现在分词作状语 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：京剧的起源可以追溯到18世纪，距今已有200多年的历史。date back to“追溯到，始于”，其后接表示具体时间的名词，没有被动语态；根据句中已有谓语动词has，且无连词，可知此处要用非调语动词，此处是现在分词形式作状语。故选A。 39．（2023·天津·高考真题）— Mike will announce his retirement from professional soccer next week. —________! He’s only 25 and still very fit. A．I don’t mind at all B．I couldn’t agree more C．You will make it D．You can’t be serious 【答案】D 【难度】0.85 【知识点】情景交际 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：—— 迈克将于下周宣布退役。—— 你不是认真的吧！他只有25岁，现在仍然很健康。A. I don’t mind at all我一点也不介意；B. I couldn’t agree more我完全同意； C. You will make it你会成功的； D. You can’t be serious你不是认真的吧。根据下文“He’s only 25 and still very fit.”可知对于迈克将于下周宣布退役这个消息不敢置信，故选D。 40．（2023·天津·高考真题）Recently, scientists have started a debate on _______the computers will “think” like human in half a century. A．where B．whether C．whose D．which 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】连接词whether/if引导宾语从句 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：最近，科学家们开始就计算机是否会在半个世纪后像人类一样“思考”展开辩论。A. where哪里；B. whether是否；C. whose谁的；D. which哪一个。根据句意可知，此处是表示“是否”，用连接代词whether引导宾语从句。故选 B。 41．（2023·天津·高考真题）When Lisa moved to a new city, she had a hard time ________ to her new surroundings. A．adding B．adjusting C．applying D．attending 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】add、adjust、apply、attend、动词词义辨析 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当丽莎搬到一个新的城市时，她很难适应新的环境。A. adding增加；B. adjusting适应；C. applying申请；D. attending出席。由下文“to her new surroundings.”可知，此处表示适应新的环境，adjust to固定搭配，意为“适应”，故选B。 42．（2022·天津·高考真题）Guide books are prepared to suit the convenience of the traveler, ________ routes round a city or a site are often suggested. A．for which B．with which C．for whom D．with whom 【答案】C 【难度】0.85 【知识点】“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：旅游指南是为了给游客提供方便的，里面为游客建议了参观一个城市或景点的线路。分析句子成分可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词traveler；结合句意，路线是给游客提供、为了游客而给出的建议，故需要用介词for表示“给……”，先行词为人，故for后用whom。故选C项。 43．（2022·天津·高考真题）—Angela just doesn’t like me. She won’t even say hello. —________. Actually, she’s very shy. A．I have no idea B．Don’t jump to conclusions C．Don’t mention it D．There is no doubt about it 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】情景交际 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：—Angela不喜欢我罢了。她甚至不愿意跟我打招呼。——不要太早下结论。事实上，她只是害羞而已。A. I have no idea 我不知道；B. Don’t jump to conclusions不要太早下结论；C. Don’t mention it不用谢；D. There is no doubt about it这一点毫无疑问。根据下文“Actually, she’s very shy.”可推断，不要太早下结论说Angela不喜欢说话人，她实际上只是害羞。故选B。 44．（2022·天津·高考真题）If we continue to________ environmental problems, we will regret it sooner or later. A．highlight B．identify C．ignore D．prevent 【答案】C 【难度】0.85 【知识点】highlight、identify、ignore、prevent、动词词义辨析 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们继续忽视环境问题，我们迟早会后悔的。A. highlight突出；强调；B. identify辨认；识别；C. ignore忽视；D. prevent阻止。由句意可知对于环境问题我们迟早会后悔，而这一切都是因为我们对环境问题的忽视。故选C项。 45．（2022·天津·高考真题）I’m far________ and I’ll never get this report done by Friday. A．below surface B．beyond control C．behind schedule D．above average 【答案】C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】介词短语辨析 【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我远远落后于预定计划，我将无法在星期五之前完成这份报告。A. below surface地表以下；B. beyond control无法控制；C. behind schedule落后于预定计划；D. above average高于平均水平。根据句中“I’ll never get this report done by Friday”可知，我无法在星期五之前完成这份报告，由此可知，我远远落后于预定计划，“behind schedule”意为“落后于预定计划”，符合语境。故选C项。 46．（2022·天津·高考真题）Mental health involves________ you process things such as stress and anxiety. A．how B．what C．why D．which 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】how、what、which、why、连接副词how引导宾语从句 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：心理健康包括如何处理诸如压力和焦虑之类的事物。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的宾语从句作谓语动词involves的宾语，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，但句意不完整，根据句意可知，表示“如何，怎样”的连词how符合句意。故选A项。 47．（2022·天津·高考真题）The experienced climber was________ the potential danger in such extreme weather and decided to wait until the following day. A．completely blind to B．totally lost in C．pretty keen on D．well aware of 【答案】D 【难度】0.65 【知识点】aware of、其他短语辨析 【详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：有经验的登山者充分意识到在这样极端天气下存在的潜在风险，决定等到第二天。A. completely blind to 完全不了解；B. totally lost in完全迷失于；C. pretty keen on 非常喜欢；D. well aware of充分意识到。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词短语作表语，选项均为副词修饰形容词，结合句意可知，此处表示“充分意识到”，故well aware of符合句意。故选D项。 48．（2022·天津·高考真题）The city temperatures have returned from record low to normal, ________ the citizens to enjoy the outdoors again. A．allowing B．being allowed C．having allowed D．having been allowed 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】allow、现在分词作状语、现在分词表示主动意义 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个城市的温度已经从历史最低温度回归正常，使得人们又重新开始享受户外活动。分析句子可知，句子谓语动词是have returned，allow用非谓语动词形式作状语，根据句意，表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，故选A。 49．（2022·天津·高考真题）When people are depressed, some experience a loss of________ while others can’t stop eating. A．appetite B．power C．memory D．sight 【答案】A 【难度】0.94 【知识点】appetite、memory、power、sight、名词词义辨析 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当人们郁闷时，有些人会失去食欲，而有些人却忍不住暴饮暴食。A. appetite食欲；B. power权利；C. memory记忆；D. sight视力。结合后文while others can’t stop eating表示对比，可知，前文表意与暴饮暴食相反，即毫无食欲。A项符合句意。故选A项。 50．（2022·天津·高考真题）The children failed to hide their disappointment when they found out the school________ the party. A．cancels B．will cancel C．has cancelled D．had cancelled 【答案】D 【难度】0.85 【知识点】cancel、过去完成时 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：当孩子们发现学校取消了派对时，他们无法掩饰他们的失望。结合句意可知，学校取消派对发生在前，孩子无法掩饰失望发生在后，故从句的cancel为“过去的过去”，需要用过去完成时态。故选D项。 51．（2022·天津·高考真题）________ his restless students occupied with an indoor sport on rainy days, James Naismith created basketball. A．To be kept B．Kept C．To keep D．Keeping 【答案】C 【难度】0.85 【知识点】不定式作目的状语 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了让精力充沛的学生能够在雨天待在室内活动，James Naismith创造了篮球。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词形式，结合句意可知，此处意为“为了”表示目的，所以该处为不定式作目的状语,且keep与逻辑主语James Naismith之间为主动关系。故选C项。 52．（2022·天津·高考真题）Critical reasoning, together with problem-solving, ________ teenagers to make better decisions. A．prepare B．prepares C．is preparing D．are preparing 【答案】B 【难度】0.85 【知识点】prepare、一般现在时、语法一致 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：批判性推理和解决问题的能力有助于青少年做出更好的决定。短语together with/along with/as well as, etc连接两个并列的名词或代词做主语时谓语动词的数由该结构前的名词或代词决定，句子主语为Critical reasoning，谓语动词应用单数形式，此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时。故选B项。 53．（2022·天津·高考真题）________ gardening may be hard physical work, those who love it find it very relaxing mentally. A．Although B．Once C．Since D．Unless 【答案】A 【难度】0.85 【知识点】although、unless、从属连词、让步状语从句 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然园艺有可能是艰难的体力工作，但是对于那些热爱园艺的人来讲，它却是脑力上的放松。A. Although尽管；B. Once一……就……；C. Since自从；D. Unless除非。由语意可知，“园艺是项艰难的体力工作”与“对于热爱园艺的人而言，园艺工作是脑力上的放松”之间是让步关系，所以此处应用连词although表让步。故选A项。 54．（2022·天津·高考真题）________ we achieve great success in our work, we should not be too proud. A．Ever since B．Even if C．In case D．As though 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】even if、ever since、让步状语从句、in case、as though 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：即使在工作中取得巨大成功，我们也不应该骄傲。A. Ever since自从；B. Even if即使，尽管；C. In case以免；D. As though好像。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导状语从句，结合句意可知，两个句子之间为让步关系，even if意为“即使，尽管”符合语境。故选B项。 55．（2022·天津·高考真题）Food and medical supplies________ to all the residents after the hurricane last Sunday. A．distribute B．distributed C．are distributed D．were distributed 【答案】D 【难度】0.85 【知识点】一般过去时的被动语态、distribute 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：上周日飓风过后，食品和药品供给被分发给了所有居民。分析句子成分可知，Food and medical supplies作主语，为复数，与动词distribute“分发”为动宾关系，故需要用被动语态be distributed；根据后文last Sunday“上周日”可知，句子需要用一般过去时态，故be动词要用were。故选D项。 56．（2022·天津·高考真题）—I worked on your car the whole night. How is it running? — It is running great! _____________. You were such a big help! A．It’s a pity B．I couldn’t agree more C．Forget it D．I can hardly thank you enough 【答案】D 【难度】0.85 【知识点】情景交际 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我整晚都在你的车上工作。它是如何运行的？ ——运行良好！太感谢您了。你真是帮了个大忙！A. It’s a pity太可惜啦；B. I couldn’t agree more我非常同意；C. Forget it 算了吧，休想；D. I can hardly thank you enough太感谢您了。根据It is running great!可知，此处向对方表示感谢，I can hardly thank you enough.意为“太感谢您了”，符合语境。故选D项。 ( 第 8 页 共 28 页 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ ( 第 13 讲： 重点题型之单项选择题 ) 1、 考试要求 1. 了解单项选择题考查方向； 2. 语言知识：包括词汇、语法、句型等基础知识，要求学生能够准确理解和运用； 3. 交际用语的使用； 2、 命题分析 根据近几年高考真题可知，单项选择题主要考查了名词词义辨析、动词时态和语态、形容词和副词的词义辨析、介词短语、从句类型、连词辨析及其情景交际等。 1、英语语法知识;（但是在语言逻辑统领下的语法知识考查，而非纯语法。） 2、对近义词、易混词或习惯用语的辨析考查; 3、常见词（组），考查一词多义、一词多组的认知与理解； 4、动词短语及物与不及物的辨析考查； 5、主动语态与被动语态，以及夹杂主谓一致的考查； 6、非谓语考查； 7、特殊句式的考查； 8、各种从句辨析考查； 9、情态动词的语气考查； 10、日常交际用语。 1. 动词的时态和语态 （1）选项中有主动、被动，答案往往选被动； （2）选择had done，要找到过去的过去； （3）一定要从句中确定时间，结合翻译去选择答案； （4）选择现在完成时，往往都有标志词，一般都可以翻译成“已经……”； （5）动词的时态语态经常和主谓一致一起考查，with, along with, together with, as well as, rather than, but, except是“就远原则”。 例1.（2021·天津·高考真题）Good evening, everybody. Professor King ________ his lecture in a moment, but let me introduce him first. A．delivered B．will be delivering C．was delivering D．has been delivering 例2.（2021·天津·高考真题）Mark is a genius. By the time he graduated, he ________ jobs by a dozen computer companies. A．has offered B．has been offered C．had offered D．had been offered 例3.（2021·天津·高考真题）Currently, about 35,000 works ________ in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything. A．were displaying B．are displaying C．were being displayed D．are being displayed 2. 非谓语动词 （1）作为正确选项的答案，往往只有to do, doing, done, having done，to be done； （2）一个逗号后面，往往选doing，逗号后一般不选to do。 （3）only to do表意外结果或事与愿违的结果； （4）逻辑主语一般是句子主语或挖空左边的名词，结合翻译确定； （5）选项中有doing也有having done需要重点看看有没有动作先后顺序； （6）to be done翻译成“将被”，being done翻译成“正在被”； （7）having done 不是被动，它的被动是having been done； （8）非谓语动词能做主语的只有动名词和不定式； （9）每年高考考两题，这两道题的考点一般都是不一样的。 典例（2021·天津·高考真题）Mary became a baker at age 14, because her grandfather paid the local baker ________ her all the skills. A．to have taught B．to teach C．teaching D．having taught （2023·天津·高考真题）The Palace Museum has the most remarkable collection of fine clocks in the world, mainly _________ from Europe and China. A．originating B．originated C．being originated D．having originated 3. 定语从句 （1）先看从句缺不缺成分，如果不缺，从关系副词when, where, why中选择，如果缺，从关系代词，that, which, who, whom, whose, as中选择； （2）选项中有whose, 注意看看是不是缺定语； （3）重点看是否缺宾语，缺少宾语，对于绝大多数同学都是难点； （4）定从千万别选what, how，them, those，it这样的选项； （5）只有as可以放在句首，as也可以放在句中，可以翻译成“正如”，先行词是一个句子； （6）逗号后面，不选that。 典例（2023·天津·高考真题）Kenny still remembers the class discussion________the teacher asked students to share what they wanted to be when they grew up. A．why B．which C．that D．where 4. 名词性从句 （1）判断方法主要看挖空左边； 主语从句：啥都没有/ it作形式主语； 宾语从句：及物动词/ 介词； 表语从句：系动词（am, is, are, was, were） 同位语从句：抽象名词（suggestion, proposal, advice, news, fact, opinion, conclusion, feeling, evidence…） （2）名词性从句缺少主、宾、表，优先考虑what，whatever，缺主，指人，选who，或whoever，其他靠翻译； 典例（2022·天津·高考真题）Mental health involves________ you process things such as stress and anxiety. A．how B．what C．why D．which 5.情态动词 （1）shall用法，用于第二第三人称陈述句表并令规定允诺。用于第三人称疑问句表建议或征求对方意见； （2）should有“按说应该”，“竟然”的意思； （3）cannot与too, too much, enough连用，表再……也不为过； （4）对过去的推测，要选择：情态动词+have done这样的选项； （5）may, might表示不知道或不确定，mayn’t/ mightn’t 翻译成：可能不； （6）will：意愿/现在常常/事物的一种固有属性；would：意愿/过去常常； （7）must have done：表示对过去的肯定推测，反义词：can’t have done/ couldn’t have done，切记没有：mustn’t have done； （8）ought to have done/ should have done：本应该； （9）could have done：本能够……/ 对过去的推测； （10）may well 很可能；may as well：不妨，倒不如。 典例1.（2021·天津·高考真题）---I honestly don't think I'm going to be admitted. ---Well, you never know! You________ a better impression than you think. A．may have made B．should have made C．couldn't have made D．needn't have made 典例2.（2021·天津·高考真题）It used to be that you ___drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere. A．need B．should C．could D．must 6. 虚拟语气 （1）if 引导的三个公式。从句时间往前推一个，主句有情态动词； （2）wish, if only, as if/though公式一样，过去，选过去的过去，现在，选一般过去，would rather公式，现在，将来都选一般过去时； （3）坚持，命令，要求，建议，选should do ,should可省略。多注意被动should省略。 （4）it is high time ，选一般过去时，或should do, should不可省略。 典例1.（23-24高三下·广东东莞·开学考试）He might have already recovered from his illness ________ the fact that he didn’t follow the doctor’s advice. A．if it was not for B．were it not for C．if it should not be for D．had it not been for 典例2..（2023·河南郑州·模拟预测）But for my casual attitude, I wouldn’t have been dismissed and ________ with my colleagues on the project now. A．might have worked B．would be working C．were to work D．had worked 7.状语从句 （1）主要翻译就行； （2）选项中有after，有before，重点关注before； （3）while位于句首可以翻译成“尽管”，居中可以翻译成“而”。 典例（2021·天津·高考真题）Feeling fearful is healthy ________ it helps you slow down and evaluate risks properly. A．because B．until C．before D．although 8.特殊句式 （1）部分倒装only，so， such，否定词放句首。 完全倒装，主语放在最后，谓语动词放主语前面； （2）注意强调句和定语从句的区分，重点看是否有it is ／was ； （3）不定式的省略保留到to；ought to have （done）中的done可以省略。 典例1．（2024·天津·高考真题）Coffee may cause sleep disturbance, especially when _________ in large amounts or after 2 pm. A．consumed B．being consumed C．consuming D．having consumed 典例2．（2024·全国·模拟预测）Not until he went abroad to further his study _______ the importance of English. A．has he found B．he has found C．did he find D．he had found 典例3．（23-24高三下·广东中山·阶段练习）It was not until he came back home ______ he knew what had happened. A．that B．which C．when D．while 9.情景交际 （1）重点关注后一句话，看看是支持还是不支持第一个人观点。 典例1.（2021·天津·高考真题）I told you! I really am ranked the lowest. Number 25 out of 25 players. ________ You've got nowhere to go but up. A．Tell me a bit more. B．I'm not so sure about that. C．Look on the bright side! D．That is absolute nonsense! 典例2.（2021·天津·高考真题）—I was trying to place an order on your website, but I failed. ________ .I can take your order over the phone. A．That’s fine B．No way C．My pleasure D．Of course 1．（2024·天津·高考真题）The organizers had to cancel the outdoor concert due to the sudden thunderstorm, _________ many eager fans who had been waiting for hours. A．disappointing B．to disappoint C．having disappointed D．disappointed 2．（2024·天津·高考真题）When he went out of his way to help me, I told him how _________ I was for his assistance. A．sensitive B．annoyed C．reliable D．grateful 3．（2024·天津·高考真题）The fence between the two tennis courts _________. Soon children will have enough space for football games. A．are removed B．is to be removed C．were to be removed D．was being removed 4．（2024·天津·高考真题）_________ focusing on winning the approval of others, try to understand and accept yourself. A．Because of B．Instead of C．For fear of D．In terms of 5．（2024·天津·高考真题）Exercise is not only good for our bodies, but it can also _________ our mood and help us deal with anxiety. A．boost B．match C．ruin D．reflect 6．（2024·天津·高考真题）As a symbol of the glorious history of Chinese civilization, the Forbidden City _________ the cultural memory of the country. A．invents B．preserves C．acquires D．declares 7．（2024·天津·高考真题）This online course _________, but you can still access and use the original version. A．has updated B．had updated C．has been updated D．had been updated 8．（2024·天津·高考真题）Caroline doesn't have a natural talent for music but she _________ it with hard work. A．lives up to B．makes up for C．reaches out to D．looks out for 9．（2024·天津·高考真题）—Do you remember little Julien from Grade Two? —Well, _________, but I can’t quite think who he is. A．it’s up to you B．that’s a good point C．I really envy you D．that name rings a bell 10．（2024·天津·高考真题）We were worried that there would be a lot of disagreement at the meeting, but everything went quite _________ . A．repeatedly B．endlessly C．smoothly D．urgently 11．（2024·天津·高考真题）Someone is planning to move out of our building, and their apartment will be _________ for rent at the beginning of March. A．available B．normal C．competitive D．expensive 12．（2024·天津·高考真题）The Smiths _________ the online shopping experience in China since they moved back to New Zealand two years ago. A．had been missing B．were missing C．have been missing D．will be missing 13．（2024·天津·高考真题）Coffee may cause sleep disturbance, especially when _________ in large amounts or after 2 pm. A．consumed B．being consumed C．consuming D．having consumed 14．（2024·天津·高考真题）The new model electric car should _________ many safety tests before it is released to the public. A．turn out B．bring about C．go through D．set up 15．（2024·天津·高考真题）Spring Festival is a time of good cheer in the _________ of family and friends. A．company B．absence C．shape D．attempt 16．（2024·天津·高考真题）From the first explorers to today's travelers, humans have always had a desire _________ new places. A．to discover B．to be discovering C．to be discovered D．to have discovered 17．（2023·天津·高考真题）The British romantic poet William Wordsworth grew up in the Lake District,which was a great ________ of inspiration for his poems. A．discovery B．form C．source D．symbol 18．（2023·天津·高考真题）On April 22 every year, people around the world mark Earth Day by _________ the environment. A．adapting to B．benefiting from C．caring for D．relying on 19．（2023·天津·高考真题）The bottle is quite difficult to open; the _________ is to pour hot water on it first. A．focus B．target C．function D．trick 20．（2023·天津·高考真题）Athletes should make _________ preparation, both physical and psychological, before entering a big race. A．adequate B．slight C．identical D．rough 21．（2023·天津·高考真题）The Palace Museum has the most remarkable collection of fine clocks in the world, mainly _________ from Europe and China. A．originating B．originated C．being originated D．having originated 22．（2023·天津·高考真题）China is a shining example for the global community to follow _________developing green industry to fight climate change. A．in addition to B．in return for C．in terms of D．in agreement with 23．（2023·天津·高考真题）People who value their privacy are concerned about _________Google might do with the information it is gathering. A．that B．what C．why D．how 24．（2023·天津·高考真题）_________ several adjustments to the design for two months, the engineer eventually succeeded in building a highly efficient system. A．Trying B．Tried C．Having tried D．Having been tried 25．（2023·天津·高考真题）_________ you are old enough to make your own judgement, you should start to pursue your career. A．Even if B．As though C．Ever since D．Now that 26．（2023·天津·高考真题）The wooden tower that _________ will be open to tourists soon, and the work is almost finished. A．is being restored B．is restored C．is restoring D．restores 27．（2023·天津·高考真题）I really want to go to a place for the summer vacation, ________ especially with beautiful scenery and unique culture. A．it B．that C．this D．one 28．（2023·天津·高考真题）—Is it all right if I leave a bit earlier? ——_________ . I can finish the report on my own. A．Sure thing B．Help yourself C．Forget it D．That depends 29．（2023·天津·高考真题）We _________bother with details, for our teammates will do everything in their power to help us. A．mustn’t B．daren’t C．needn’t D．can’t 30．（2023·天津·高考真题）—Is Mr. Pearl available, please? — _________ . I'll just see if he is in the office. A．After you B．Hang on C．With pleasure D．Go ahead 31．（2023·天津·高考真题）Kenny still remembers the class discussion________the teacher asked students to share what they wanted to be when they grew up. A．why B．which C．that D．where 32．（2023·天津·高考真题）Human impact on the animal kingdom, such as hunting and destruction of habitats, ___________a reduction in the population of certain species in the past three decades. A．has caused B．have caused C．was causing D．were causing 33．（2023·天津·高考真题）Some restaurants are happy to provide a free cake if you let them know in advance that you ________a group for a birthday party. A．will be bringing B．have brought C．have been bringing D．were bringing 34．（2023·天津·高考真题）________a small amount of money each month is widely recognized as a good habit for personal finance management. A．Picking out B．Putting aside C．Giving away D．Getting back 35．（2023·天津·高考真题）We are determined that our teacher training programs should ________ current developments in the field of education. A．catch sight of B．make room for C．take pride in D．keep pace with 36．（2023·天津·高考真题）________our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who enjoy the same hobbies, even if they live on the other side of the world. A．However B．Whatever C．Wherever D．Whichever ________our hobbies 为省略句，其完整句子为________ our hobbies are，从句缺少表语，指物，所以whatever引导让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”。故选 B。 37．（2023·天津·高考真题）The hero’s touching story ________ online has drawn thousands of “likes” and hundreds of comments from the public. A．posting B．to post C．posted D．to be posted 38．（2023·天津·高考真题）________ back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history. A．Dating B．Being dated C．To date D．To be dated 39．（2023·天津·高考真题）— Mike will announce his retirement from professional soccer next week. —________! He’s only 25 and still very fit. A．I don’t mind at all B．I couldn’t agree more C．You will make it D．You can’t be serious 40．（2023·天津·高考真题）Recently, scientists have started a debate on _______the computers will “think” like human in half a century. A．where B．whether C．whose D．which 41．（2023·天津·高考真题）When Lisa moved to a new city, she had a hard time ________ to her new surroundings. A．adding B．adjusting C．applying D．attending 42．（2022·天津·高考真题）Guide books are prepared to suit the convenience of the traveler, ________ routes round a city or a site are often suggested. A．for which B．with which C．for whom D．with whom 43．（2022·天津·高考真题）—Angela just doesn’t like me. She won’t even say hello. —________. Actually, she’s very shy. A．I have no idea B．Don’t jump to conclusions C．Don’t mention it D．There is no doubt about it 44．（2022·天津·高考真题）If we continue to________ environmental problems, we will regret it sooner or later. A．highlight B．identify C．ignore D．prevent 45．（2022·天津·高考真题）I’m far________ and I’ll never get this report done by Friday. A．below surface B．beyond control C．behind schedule D．above average 46．（2022·天津·高考真题）Mental health involves________ you process things such as stress and anxiety. A．how B．what C．why D．which 47．（2022·天津·高考真题）The experienced climber was________ the potential danger in such extreme weather and decided to wait until the following day. A．completely blind to B．totally lost in C．pretty keen on D．well aware of 48．（2022·天津·高考真题）The city temperatures have returned from record low to normal, ________ the citizens to enjoy the outdoors again. A．allowing B．being allowed C．having allowed D．having been allowed 49．（2022·天津·高考真题）When people are depressed, some experience a loss of________ while others can’t stop eating. A．appetite B．power C．memory D．sight 50．（2022·天津·高考真题）The children failed to hide their disappointment when they found out the school________ the party. A．cancels B．will cancel C．has cancelled D．had cancelled 51．（2022·天津·高考真题）________ his restless students occupied with an indoor sport on rainy days, James Naismith created basketball. A．To be kept B．Kept C．To keep D．Keeping 52．（2022·天津·高考真题）Critical reasoning, together with problem-solving, ________ teenagers to make better decisions. A．prepare B．prepares C．is preparing D．are preparing 53．（2022·天津·高考真题）________ gardening may be hard physical work, those who love it find it very relaxing mentally. A．Although B．Once C．Since D．Unless 54．（2022·天津·高考真题）________ we achieve great success in our work, we should not be too proud. A．Ever since B．Even if C．In case D．As though 55．（2022·天津·高考真题）Food and medical supplies________ to all the residents after the hurricane last Sunday. A．distribute B．distributed C．are distributed D．were distributed 56．（2022·天津·高考真题）—I worked on your car the whole night. How is it running? — It is running great! _____________. You were such a big help! A．It’s a pity B．I couldn’t agree more C．Forget it D．I can hardly thank you enough ( 第 2 页 共 12 页 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$