Unit 1 Science and Scientists Using Language Reading for Writing 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

Write about what makes a great scientist Reading for Writing UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTIST Learning objectives By the end of the class, we will be able to: 1) learn more about Qian Xuesen and Stephen Hawking.Their great contributions. 2) figure out the structure and methods of the passage by analyzing each paragraph. 3) Analyze the writing methods of biographies and write an essay on the character of great scientists. Lead in Reading Writing Homework contents Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Lead in Part One 4 Lead in Are you familiar with the people in the picture below ? They are the greatest scientists in different fileds. How much do you know about them？ Qian Xuesen Stephen Hawking Reading Part Two 6 The father of China’s Aerospace Passage 1 Watch the video and learn about Qian Xuesen. Para.1　　 A. His personality(个性). Paras.2-5 B. His death. Para.6 C. His personal experience. Para.7 D. Introduction. Reading for the main idea Read the text again and match each paragraph with its main idea. 答案 Para.1—D;Paras.2-5—C;Para.6—A;Para.7—B 9 Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China’s aerospace science than Qian Xuesen. Described by the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesenas a man with "great scientific thought and scientific spirit" who was patriotic and served his homeland with effort, achievement, and devotion, Qian was an extremely well-respected man. THE FATHER OF CHINA’S AEROSPACE 也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。《钱学森的故事》一书作者称他是一位具有“伟大科学家思想和科学精神”的人，并且热爱祖国、勤勉努力、甘于奉献、成就斐然。钱学森备受人们尊敬。 航空航天工业 对...影响很大 想法 爱国的 奉献 备受尊敬的 钱学森1911年出生于上海，在北京上学，后来考入上海交通大学，学习铁道机械工程。不过，1932年淞沪抗战爆发后，钱学森决定改学航空专业，因为他意识到中国需要建设强大的空军来保卫国家。 Born in Shanghai in 1911, Qian attended schools in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical Engineering. However，after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932，Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country. 爆发 机械的 转变 保卫 1935年钱学森前往美国攻读研究生。二十世纪三四十年代，钱学森成为美国喷气式飞机和火箭技术的先驱人物。二十世纪三十年代担任加州理工学院的研究生助理时，钱学森协助开展火箭推进方面的重要研究工作，二十世纪四十年代，钱学森与其他几人成立了喷气推进实验室，该实验室现已成为美国宇航局领先的太空探索中心之一。 Qian went to the United States in 1935 to pursue his graduate studies. Over the course of the 1930s and 1940s, Qian became a pioneer in American jet and rocket technology. As a graduate assistant at the California institute of Technology during the 1930s, Qian helped conduct important research into rocket propulsion, and in the 1940s, he and several other people founded the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, now one of NASA'S leading space-exploration centres. 攻读研究生 在...期间 喷气式飞机 助手 开展...的研究 After overcoming some difficulties during his final few years in the US Qian returned to China in 1955. He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China’s rocket sciencebut alsoits space and missile programme. At that time, China was poor and its rocket science was undeveloped. No institute or university in China offered rocket science as a major, and there were no talents or experts in this field in China. Nevertheless, Qian did not let that discourage him from taking on the challenge. When asked "Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?” his reply was a determined "Why not? We Chinese are able to make the same things that other people make.” 克服困难 主管，掌管 导弹 不发达的 然而 组织某人做某事 坚决的 在钱学森的领导下，中国研制出了“东风”导弹，紧接着又研制出了第一代“长征”系列火箭。1970年中国使用“长征”火箭成功发射本国第一颗人造卫星“东方红一号”。由于“神州”系列火箭的大部分技术也可追根溯源到钱学森的研究，因此，钱学森被誉为“中国航天之父” Under Qians leadership, China developed the Dongfeng missiles, followed by the first generation of Long March rockets. In 1970, China successful launched its first man-made satellite, Dong Fang Hong I, from a Long March rocket. Because much of the technology behind the Shenzhou rockets can also be traced back to Qian's research, Qian earned the name of "the father of Chinas aerospace.” 在某人的领导下 一代 追溯（把...追溯到...） 获得...的称号 钱学森博览群书，尤其在前沿科学研究领域知识及其渊博。然而他之所以能成为一名杰出、富有创造力的科学家，可能时因为他对音乐、绘画等其他事务的浓厚兴趣。他深厚的艺术鉴赏能力，时常给科研工作带来灵感。 Qian read a lot and was extremely knowledgeable, especially in the area of frontier science research. However, what might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things,such as music and drawing. His deep appreciation for art often gave him inspiration in his scientific research. 前沿 优秀的，杰出的 欣赏，鉴赏 2009年10月31日，钱学森逝世，举国哀痛，人们以各种方式纪念他、缅怀他。 On 31 October 2009,the whole country was saddened by Qian’s death,and people honoured and remember him in different ways. 使悲伤 Para.1　　 A. His personality(个性). Paras.2-5 B. His death. Para.6 C. His personal experience. Para.7 D. Introduction. Reading for the main idea Read the text again and match each paragraph with its main idea. 答案 Para.1—D;Paras.2-5—C;Para.6—A;Para.7—B 17 Task 1 F T 1. Qian changed his major because of a shift in personal interest. （ ） 2. Qian’s strong interest in art has a positive impact on a scientist’s development. （ ） Skimming for the main structure (para.2-5) THE FATHER OF CHINA’S AEROSPACE Personal information of Qian Xuesen In 1911,Qian was Born in Hangzhou. Qian attended schools in Beijing , then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical Engineering. In 1932, Qian switched his major to . 　　　 In 1935, Qian went to the US to pursue his ____________　　　　　　 studies.  Over the course of the 1930s and 1940s, Qian became a pioneer in American jet and 　　　　　　 technology.  aviation　 graduate　 rocket　 Task 2 THE FATHER OF CHINA’S AEROSPACE Personal information of Qian Xuesen 6. As a graduate assistant at the California Institute of Technology during the 1930s. 7. In the 1940s, Qian and several other people 　　　　　　 the Jet Propulsion Laboratory.  8. In 　　　　　　, Qian returned to China.  9. Under Qian’s leadership, China developed the Dongfeng missiles. In 1970, China successfully launched its first man-made satellite. 10. On 31 October 2009, he died. founded　 1955 Read the text carefully and choose the best answer. Task 3 1. Qian Xuesen returned to China when he was 　　　years old.  A. 24 B. 30 C. 44 D. 50 2. Which of the following is not developed under Qian’s leadership? A. Dong Fang Hong Ⅰ. B. The Dongfeng missiles. C. Long March rockets. D. Shenzhou rockets. 3. Which spirit cannot be concluded from Qian Xuesen? A. Creative. B. Patriotic. C. Brilliant. D. Humorous. 答案 C D C 21 Passage 2 A World of Pure Thought Watch the video and learn about Stephen Hawking. Prediction Look at the pictures and the titles of the texts. Can you predict: Q：How was Hawking’s own theory proven correct? Because much of the technology behind the Shenzhou rockets was based on his research. 24 Para.1　　 A. His claim to fame. Para.2 B. His Characteristics(性格). Para.3 C. Introduction. Reading for the main idea Read the text again and match each paragraph with its main idea. 答案 Para.1—D;Paras.2-5—C;Para.6—A;Para.7—B 25 史蒂芬霍金时物理学界最富盛名、最具天赋的科学家之一。大多数人都很熟悉他坐在轮椅上无法动弹，只通过电脑来说话的样子。他因患病致使其他大部分肌肉萎缩无力，他的世界变成了一个抽象思维的世界。 Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous and gifted scientists in physics. Most people are familiar with images of him in his wheelchair unable to move and using a computer to talk. Since he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles his world became one of abstract thought. A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHT 有天赋的 熟悉... 染上 抽象的 Hawking first achieved fame when he was still healthy enough to walk, as a graduate student in physics at Cambridge University in 1964.In general there were two main theories on the origin of the universe. The first was the steady state theory, which holds that the universe has no beginning or end. The other was the big bang theory, which holds that the universe began at a single point in time and space. The biggest champion of the steady state concept was Fred Hoyle, a professor at Cambridge. During the question and answer period after one of Hoyle’s lectures, Hawking stood up and pointed out that Hoyle had made a mistake in his maths. Once the maths was corrected, it showed that the big bang theory—and not the steady state theory—was true. Hawking’s own work on the big bang theory was soon proven by astronomers with telescopes. A star was born。 稳定的 大爆炸宇宙论 持有 捍卫者 状态 概念，观念 指出 犯错 天文学家 望远镜 那么，是什么使史蒂芬·霍金成为一名天才呢？除了才华横溢外，他还是应该勇敢的人，尽管有时候言行举止比较随意。他敢说别人不敢说的话，做别人不敢做的梦。此外，他意志坚定。无论是作为一名科学家还是与病魔斗争，这种品质对他都大有帮助。最重要的是霍金敢于承认错误。这些性格特点的奇特组合使得他成为20世纪与21世纪最伟大的思想家之一。 So, what made Stephen Hawking a genius? Besides being brilliant, he was brave, though sometimes careless in what he said or did. He was willing to say what others were afraid to say, and to dream of what others were afraid to dream about. Furthermore, he was quite determined. This had helped him as a scientist, and had helped him even more in his fight against his disease. Above all, Hawking was willing to admit his faults. This odd combination of characteristics had made him one of the greatest thinkers of the 20th and 21st centuries. 另外 聪明的 愿意做... 此外 与...作斗争 最重要的是，尤其是 错误，弱点 ...的组合 Para.1　　 A. His claim to fame. Para.2 B. His Characteristics(性格). Para.3 C. Introduction. Reading for the main idea Read the text again and match each paragraph with its main idea. 答案 Para.1—D;Paras.2-5—C;Para.6—A;Para.7—B 29 Task 1 F T 3. When Hawking was young, almost everyone believed that the universe began with a big bang. （ ） 4. Because Hawking was determined, he was able to succeed even though he was ill. （ ） Skimming for the main structure (para.2-5) A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHT Personal information of Stephen Hawking He was one of the most famous and gifted scientists in 　　　　.  He came down with a disease and lost the use of most of his　　　.  In 1964, he first achieved fame. He insisted the big 　　　　　　 theory.  The qualities made him a genius—being brilliant, brave, determined, willing to admit his 　　　　　　.  Task 2 physics　 muscles　 bang　 faults Writing Part Ttree 32 在写人物介绍时，尤其是着重于介绍其精神品质的，切记要选取该人物身上最典型的事例，用以突出人物的个性和品质。 【写作方法】 ① 首段：人物概况（Brief information -- 名字，身份，头衔）。 ② 主体：人物事迹及科学家精神。(personal experience+qualities) 人物的事迹＋其体现的科学家精神，注意事迹和精神一定要匹配； 注意事迹可以按时间顺序，一个事迹不够，事迹太多字数会超过，选取 两三个即可。 ③ 尾段：总结升华，概括该人物所表现出来的科学精神及对自己的影响。 (Summary&influence-- 学习，生活，态度的影响) 评论科学精神是新课程标准中的写作要求之一，要求对人物外貌、个性、主要事迹及贡献进行描述和说明。 Writing 基本框架 对人物进行简要的介绍，比如生平、事件、职业等 挑选出人物一生中比较重要的事迹进行描写，要尽可能地详细，因为这影响人们对他/她的整体评价 对人物进行客观的评价，包括其人格、贡献以及闪光点的评价 1.Read for the writing type,tense and person ①体裁：记叙文 ②注意运用正确的时态。描写人物的外貌、性格、兴趣等常用一般_____时，而描写人物的出生地、教育背景、重要经历、事迹时常用一般______时。 ③人称：第三人称 现在 过去 II.Read and observe It introduces Yuan Long ping to us. 首段常用句型(Brief information) 1. I am going to introduce one of my favorite scientists to you. 我向你介绍我最喜欢的一位科学家。 2. He is one of the most famous and influential scientists in… 他是在……领域最著名和有影响力的科学家之一 3. 他是第一个……的科学家。(使用不定式作定语) He is the first scientist to… eg. 袁隆平是第一个研制出杂交水稻的科学家。 Yuan Longping is the first scientist to develop the hybrid rice. 首段常用句型(Brief information) 过去分词做后置定语 1. sb, known as +头衔, is one of the greatest +身份+ in the world. 林巧稚，被誉为万婴之母，是中国最伟大的医生之一。 Lin Qiaozhi, known as “the mother of ten thousand babies”, is one of the greatest doctors in China. 非限制性定语 2. Sb, who is my favorite scientist, is considered to be +头衔。 钱学森是我最喜欢的科学家，他被誉为导弹之父。 Qian Xuesen, who is my favorite scientist, is considered to be “the father of missile.” Para.1重要短语积累: 简单人物背景介绍 (出生日期/出生地/职业/兴趣) ①出生于： ②酷爱/对……有强烈的兴趣 ③在……方面有天赋： ④从某大学某专业毕业 ①sb. was born in 某地/某年某月 was born on+具体日期 ②show great interest in (doing) have a passion for sth. ③ be gifted in (doing) sth. have a gift for (doing)sth. ④graduate from +学校 in+专业 (personal experience & qualities) 1. Born in a…family in…, he… 在…年出生于…家庭，他… 2. In the course of…, he met a lot of difficulties. However, he was determined and never gave up. 在……期间, 他遇到很多困难, 但是他意志坚定, 从不放弃。 3. Not only is/was/does/did he…, but also he… 他不仅……，而且…… 4. He achieved fame/became famous when he… 当…的时候，他成名了。 5. He made great contributions to… 他对……做出很大贡献。 他对解决人们饥饿问题做出了巨大贡献。 He made great contributions to solving the problem of hunger. 1）重要短语积累: ①做…工作 ②把…奉献给… ③起关键性作用 ④坚定的决心 ⑤在……做贡献 ⑥使某人能够做 Para.2. Introduce a person’s main experiences or contributions ① work as/ serve as+身份 ② sb.devote ···to(doing) sth. ③ play a key role in sth. ④ strong will/ determination ⑤make a contribution to (doing) sth. make contributions to (doing) sth. ⑥enable sb. to do sth. 1.重点词汇积累： ①为某人赢得好名声 ②高度评价 ③被授予/被称为…… ④作为……而闻名 ⑤树立好榜样 ⑥值得我们崇拜和尊重 Para. 3 Comments on the person and his/ her influence ① gain/ win a good fame for sb. ② speak/think highly of ··· ③be awarded sth. /be called··· ④ be well known/ famous for ··· ⑤ set a good example to sb. ⑥ deserve our admiration and respect 末段常用句型（influence） 1. He inspires me to be a person like him. 他激励我成为像他一样的人。 2. 对我影响最深的是他对科学和祖国的热爱。(主语从句) What influenced me most is his affection for science and our country. 3. 知道他的故事后，我决定不管遇到什么困难都继续前行。 Having known his story, I make up my mind to keep going whatever difficulties I meet. (现在分词作状语) 佳作欣赏 Tu Youyou, who was awarded the Noble Prize in 2015 for discovering artemisinin(青蒿素), is my favorite scientist. After graduating from Peking University Medical School in 1955, Tu Youyou soon applied herself to the research on treating malaria(疟疾). Although faced with lots of difficulties, she and her team never got frustrated. It was because of their hard work and persistence that they finally discovered artemisinin under Tu’s leadership, making it possible to cure malaria. Tu Youyou is such a diligent and determined person that inspires me to pursue a career in scientific research in the future. 非限制性定语 现在分词做状语 强调句 结果状语从句 Brief information personal experience&qualities Summary&influence Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”, is one of the most famous and influential scientists in agriculture. After graduating in 1953, Yuan became a researcher, devoting all his time and energy to agriculture. Through his tireless efforts, Yuan developed the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974. Yuan’s innovation has help feed not only China, but also many other countries. Therefore, he has won numerous awards for helping the world solve food shortages. What influenced me most is his determination to fulfill his dreams as well as his devotion to agriculture and our country. His spirit inspired me to persue my own goal in the future. Homework Part Four 45 【Writing】 请你根据下面的提示，用英语对钟南山作简单介绍。 1.钟南山是21世纪中国最著名的医学家之一。 2.1936年10月出生于南京；1960年毕业于北京医学院；2003年春，钟南山在抗击“非典”中做出了巨大贡献；2020年初钟南山再一次投身到新型冠状病毒的抗疫前线。 3.他是一位受国人尊敬的好医生。 注意: 1.词数80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【审题谋篇】 体裁 记叙文 人称 第三人称 时态 一般现在时，一般过去时 话题 介绍钟南山 框架 第一段:指明介绍的人物; 第二段:详细介绍人物事迹、贡献; 第三段:首尾呼应，总结个人品质。 As we all know, Zhong Nanshan is one of the most famous medical scientists in the 21st century in China. He was born in October 1936 in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. Having graduated from Beijing Medical College in 1960, he worked as a teacher there. In the spring of 2003, Zhong Nanshan led his team to fight against SARS. After they had worked hard for several months, they made outstanding achievements in the battle at last. In the early of 2020, COVID-19 broke out. Dangerous as it was, Zhong Nanshan was determined to take part in the battle again. He worked with his team day and night treating the patients. Finally, it was their hard work that made the epidemic situation under control in China. Zhong Nanshan is a good doctor with the spirit of dedication. So he is respected by all the people in China. Thank you！ Lavf57.0.100 Coded by New Bilibili Transcoder Lavf58.29.100 $$