江苏省连云港市灌云县2024-2025学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题

2024-2025学年度高一第一学期期中学业质量检测 英语试题 （本卷满分120分 考试时间120分钟） 1、 阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共50分） A Where to Eat in Kuala Lumpur Great restaurants in Kuala Lumpur offer a genuine global dining experience. Whether you are looking to enjoy hearty comfort food or some local delicacies, the city’s dining scene satisfies all comers. Mum’s Place Nothing brings more comfort than Mom’s cooking. With recipes inspired by the owners’ mother, this restaurant brings you Nyonya dishes that are truly Malaysian. Located in the district of Damansara Perdana, Mum’s Place is a neighbourhood restaurant with its main customers from residents nearby. Some of the best dishes include cencaru fish, devil curry chicken and beef rendang. Cantaloupe Located about 20 minutes from downtown Malacca, it is a home-based eatery with about 10 tables manned by four operators. Unlike most restaurants, food is self-service here, with dishes placed on catering pans for customers to choose from. It serves traditional Malaysian dishes with distinct Chinese influences. You will find rice dumplings and chicken rendang among the offerings. It has two branches in the city. Their dishes sell out fast, so it’d be best to head there before lunchtime. Yum Yum Restaurant Situated in the beautiful Shangri-La Hotel, Yum Yum Restaurant is among the locals’ many favourite spots to dine at. It offers an interesting Nyonya and Thai food with Chinese influences that make them stand out. The classic dishes include sambal petai prawns, assam fish head and Yum Yum egg. It can get crowded here, so it’d be best to head there early or call ahead for reservations. Troika Sky Dining Offering fine dining, the impressive Troika Sky Dining undoubtedly stands out from the pack. Set on the 23rd floor of Tower B of The Troika, it goes without saying that the cloud-skimming views here are something else entirely. The food is what helped it stand out. It serves award-winning French, Italian, Greek, and Spanish food and adventurous menu of high-end pizzas and pasta. 1．What do Mum’s Place and Yum Yum Restaurant have in common? A．They are based in hotels. B．They serve Nyonya dishes. C．They need prior reservations. D．They offer breathtaking views. 2．What’s special about Cantaloupe? A．It is a buffet restaurant. B．It serves hard-to-find dishes. C．It has branches throughout Asia. D．It opens for lunch earlier than others. 3．Which restaurant serves western food? A．Mum’s Place. B．Cantaloupe. C．Yum Yum Restaurant. D．Troika Sky Dining. B Free-riding means people can benefit from a service without paying anything. It also arises if people can get benefit without making equal contributions. So a free rider always enjoys the benefits of a resource or service while letting someone else do the work or do more work. There are several effects of the free rider problem. The first is the Tragedy (悲剧) of the Commons, a situation in which individuals with access to a public resource act for their own benefit and, in doing so, finally use up the resource. For example, imagine that a group of people share a piece of land where they all graze (让……吃草) their cattle. If each person just tries to increase their own short-term gain, they will let their cattle graze as much as possible. However, if everyone does this, the land will quickly become over-grazing and will not be able to support any cattle. Another effect is that the free rider problem can lead to a situation in which people do not have access to important goods and services. This is because providers may not be able to get back the costs of providing the goods or services if too many people free ride. Imagine that a city decides to build a new hospital through donations. If too many people rely on others to donate, rather than donate themselves, then the hospital may not be built at all. This means that people who need medical care in the area may not have access to it. There are several solutions to the free rider problem. Government solves the problem by collecting tax (税) dollars to support public services. Theoretically, taxes are related to income, so fair cost-sharing can be achieved. Communities can turn their public resource into a private or club resource, charging money to make sure everyone who uses it contributes to it. This will limit overuse and, over time, may even lead to altruistic (利他的) behavior. That is, many people may like the idea of making a small contribution to a resource that they use. 4．Which of the following may best show the nature of free-riding? A．Many hands make light work. B．Let George do it. C．Every coin has two sides. D．Less is more. 5．What is one of the effects produced by the free rider problem? A．The costs of providing the goods and services are rising. B．People tend to maximize their long-term gain. C．A group of people have to share goods and services. D．Individuals overuse a shared resource for personal gain. 6．How is paragraph 3 mainly developed? A．By giving an example. B．By explaining a definition. C．By referring to a study. D．By making a comparison. 7．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To call on the government to solve the free rider problem. B．To inform the readers of the free rider problem. C．To stress the importance of making donations. D．To draw people’s attention to public services. C The study, published in the Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry, compared survey results of parents with their children in England and Wales from the ages of 16 months to 13 years. The research team found that average levels of food fussiness (挑食) were relatively stable during this period, peaking somewhat around the age of 7 and declining slightly after that. They concluded that genetic differences in the population accounted for 60% of the variation in food fussiness at 16 months, rising to 74% and over between the ages of 3 and 13. Lead author Dr Zeynep Nas said, “Food fussiness is common among children and can be a major source of anxiety for parents and caregivers, who often blame themselves for this behaviour or are blamed by others. “We hope our finding that fussy eating is largely inborn may help to ease parental blame. This behaviour is not a result of parenting.” Senior author Dr Clare Llewellyn said, “While genetic factors are the major influence for food fussiness, environment also plays a supporting role. Environmental factors, such as sitting down together as a family to eat meals, may only be significant in toddlerhood (蹒跚学步期); While environmental factors, such as individual personal experiences (e.g., having different friends), become more influential in later years.” This suggests that interventions (干预) to help children eat a wider range of foods, such as repeatedly exposing children to the same foods regularly and offering a variety of fruits and vegetables, may be most effective in the very early years. Unique environmental factors accounted for about a quarter of individual differences between children in fussy eating by ages 7 and 13, the researchers estimated. Among the study limitations, the researchers noted that there were fewer participants at age 7 compared to other time points and that the study sample (样本) had a large percentage of white British households of higher social economic backgrounds compared to the general population of England and Wales. In future, the team said, research should focus on non-western populations where food culture, parental feeding practices and food security may be quite different. 8．According to paragraph 1, what does the study tell us? A．Teenagers over 13 years old have a balanced diet. B．Children at 7 have the highest level of food fussiness. C．Variation in food fussiness causes genetic differences. D．Children become more particular about food with age. 9．What did Dr Zeynep Nas suggest? A．Parents should be blamed for children’s food fussiness. B．Food fussiness is mainly caused by genetic factors. C．Children should be forced to eat various foods. D．Parents should avoid eating with their children. 10．According to Dr Clare Llewellyn, which of the following is important for young children’s eating habits? A．Having meals with family. B．Making more friends. C．Eating a variety of foods. D．Exercising regularly. 11．What is the limitation of the study? A．It only focused on children in England and Wales. B．It didn’t consider the influence of environment. C．It had a small number of participants at age 7. D．It didn’t distinguish between different genders. D Imagining a human being without historical sense is scary. The thought of living exclusively in a present moment is scary. Scarier still is the thought of an entire generation, not to mention society, operating with a lack of a sense of history. And yet that is exactly the situation in which we find ourselves today. The people and events of history may be rooted in the past, but how we talk about those things, what we write about them, and how we teach them—in other words, how we practise history as the record of human experience—tell us a lot about who we are and what we value right now. Thinking of ourselves as a chapter in an as-yet unwritten history book, on the other hand, is likely to force deeper self-reflection: Whose stories will we stand up for? What values will we defend? What models will we offer following generations? In an era of environmental change, rising inequality and great shifts in the international political context, we need to understand how our institutions have developed. History gives us power. No other subject helps us to understand so comprehensively what it is to be human. The implications of ignorance of what have happened are incredible, but the ignorance itself isn’t entirely surprising given the lowered status of history in most schools. The discipline of history has become sidelined (边缘化). “History fights for its place in the curriculum with geography,” Dr. Bain observed, “but its attention to time, place and context is what makes it really distinct.” In other words, history doesn’t simply tell us how to be good citizens: It equips us with the knowledge we need to comprehend our world clearly, and the ability to analyze it accurately. Clearly, in an age of “fake news”, engaged citizens need to be culturally literate, critical thinkers. There is no better subject than history to develop an appreciation of context and an ability to look for evidence. We should expect a logical history curriculum for our children. If it were common to hear graduates claim that they’d never learned to add, subtract, multiply and divide, there would be a severe protest. So should there be now. 12．What is the situation the author mentioned in paragraph 1? A．The fear of the past. B．The ignorance of history. C．The exclusion of the present. D．The dissatisfaction of society. 13．What does the author mainly stress in paragraph 2? A．Consequences of overlooking history. B．Significance of mastering all subjects. C．Insights from history for today and tomorrow. D．Resolutions of the current international issues. 14．Which one of the following ideas might Dr. Bain agree with? A．Critical thinking is key to studying history well. B．Schools should enhance the status of history curriculum. C．Ignorance of history is not as terrible as expected in schools. D．Geography proves more meaningful and practical than history. 15．What does the underlined sentence “So should there be now.” mean? A．The historical sense can help us differentiate the news. B．People are dissatisfied with graduates’ ability to calculate. C．We should make history curriculum more logical and critical. D．We should pay the same attention to history as to other subjects. E Overcoming Social Anxiety Almost all of you have had anxiety attacks at some point of your lives. Overcoming social anxiety is necessary for an individual. 16 The below-mentioned tips will help you to overcome your social anxiety in a better way. Prepare yourself in your mind. Don’t let the fear of embarrassment defeat you in social settings. You can prepare yourself with some scenarios (设想). 17 If you are prepared for the worst things, and you know what to do in those moments, you’ll naturally get the confidence to remain calm and manage the situation. 18 The way you think makes a strong influence on the way you feel. Understanding that you can control the way you think is an important step in defeating social anxiety. When thoughts like “I’m going to fail” come to your mind, try replacing them with more realistic and calmer thoughts. Try telling yourself that you are able and confident enough to fight those negative thoughts. Try to speak up. Ensure you always talk in a reasonably louder voice. It is good to talk about hot events. If you have a special interest, try to talk more about it so that beginners as wells as experts can understand you. 19 Practice distracting (分散) your attention. It will help you concentrate on something else when your anxiety starts to build up. 20 Then you will not get time to think about your worries and will feel confident talking about it. You will find yourself actually enjoying the social situation instead of running away from it. A．Develop a positive attitude. B．Try sticking to your thoughts. C．You can also collect amusing stories or jokes to tell. D．You can start reading a book or get busy with a hobby. E．To overcome this, it’s important to step out of your comfort zone. F．In this way, you can ensure that you’re ready for any challenging situations. G．Not doing so can create plenty of breaks in relationships at home and in work. 二、完形填空（1•15=15分） As a mother of three, I once led a routine life, wrapped in the safety of familiar patterns. Each day, emails, gym, shopping, dinner—a cycle that kept me 21 . One fall morning, I was out on a routine walk with a trusted friend. She is independent and brave. I often asked her for 22 . As we walked, I 23 the subject of fear. I told her that I felt 24 , living a life of fear. I knew I was avoiding situations that pushed me out of my 25 but didn’t know how to be brave and branch out. The advice she gave me changed my life. “Start small,” she said. “Start today, do something everyday that 26 you.” Knowing that something in my life needed to 27 , I took her advice and committed to 28 fear. It began with making conversation with strangers. I gave myself 29 to explore new opportunities. My work as a health coach usually 30 home based sessions. When offered a school board presentation, my heart 31 . Every part of me wanted to decline the offer. 32 , I’d come to recognize those as signals not to shy away from but as a time to say yes to 33 , learning, and overcoming my own limitations. Years of practicing bravery have 34 me into a stronger, more confident individual. For the first time, I feel truly brave, ready to embrace all the 35 life has to offer. 21．A．easeful B．anxious C．amazed D．delighted 22．A．honor B．money C．information D．advice 23．A．researched B．mentioned C．expressed D．explained 24．A．ashamed B．abandoned C．trapped D．appreciated 25．A．safety rule B．bottom line C．comfort zone D．top secret 26．A．bored B．excited C．pleased D．terrified 27．A．shift B．prove C．save D．wait 28．A．embracing B．causing C．admitting D．canceling 29．A．creation B．permission C．imagination D．luck 30．A．received B．attracted C．avoided D．involved 31．A．beat B．raced C．fought D．stopped 32．A．Therefore B．Otherwise C．Besides D．However 33．A．ambition B．experience C．growth D．loneliness 34．A．transformed B．persuaded C．forced D．tricked 35．A．plans B．adventures C．signals D．efforts 三、语法填空（25分） A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（1•15=15分） The Zenghouyi Chimes are an enormous musical instrument dating from China’s Warring States Period. This set of chimes is 36 (particular) large. Its frame is 7. 48 metres long and 2. 65 metres high with 65 bells 37 (suspend) from it. One characteristic that sets these chimes apart from others is that they can play not only the five-tone scale, but also the seven-tone scale. Their unique oval design 38 (mean) that each bell can produce two different tones 39 (depend) on where it is struck. This was a groundbreaking 40 (discover) for the study of ancient Chinese music because before the appearance of this instrument, people thought that Greece was 41 the seven-tone scale first appeared. The Zenghouyi Chimes have been played three times 42 the set was unearthed. The first time was in Wuhan, the year it was discovered. The second was at the National Museum of China in Beijing in 1979 to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the founding of our country. The third 43 (record) in 1997, which was then edited into a performance of symphonic music 44 (mark) the return of Hong Kong to China. The Zenghouyi Chimes are 45 genuine miracle not only because they inform us about the rituals and music of ancient China, but also because they demonstrate the highest level of bronze casting techniques. B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（1•10=10分） Wu Yanni, 46 young hurdler (跨栏运动员), has run into the hearts of Chinese people and became an internet hit. On Aug 4,2023, Wu won the silver medal with a personal best of 12.76 seconds in the women’s 100m hurdles at the FISU World University Games, 47 (help) her get into the Paris Olympics in 2024. Despite her athletic achievements, some online comments moved to 48 (she) style. Wu wears light makeup and ties her hair into small twist braids, unlike 49 (tradition) image of athletes. In response to this, however, Wu told CGTN that she believes “it is my muscles 50 make me widely known, not my face. As an athlete, Wu looks much more at ease than many of her peers and becomes 51 (strong) when facing challenges. Before each competition, she 52 (see) turning her head around and pointing her index fingers at the sky. She explained that it was 53 (show) her ambition for the coming Paris Olympics. Wu told China Daily that she got inspiration 54 Liu Xiang. She said, “I want Chinese female hurdlers to receive more international 55 (recognise),” she emphasized. 4、 选词填空（1•10=10分） lie in take on come between him and his running bring out in full measure back down eat away at think through reach across the table live up to her parents’expectation 【小题1]His daughter, a pet trainer, ____ dog's great potential. 【小题2]If neither side _, family tensions wouldn't be avoided. 【小题3]You have to ___ what might happen before you make a decision. 【小题4]This kind of animal canthe colors of its environment to protect itself. 【小题5]The villagers returned volunteers’ help _and took out all the food they had. 【小题6]The magic of blind boxes __their uncertainty with their uniform packaging. 【小题7]Don't_in front of others to get something. 【小题8]The sportsman never lets anything _in the evening. 【小题9]Too many failures ___his confidence eventually. 【小题10]She was sad that she failed __. 五、书信写作（20分） 56．亲子沟通是家庭生活的一大主题。日前，你校英语俱乐部即将举行英语演讲比赛，本届话题为“How can we better get along with our parents?”。请你就此话题发表自己的看法，写一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1.表明观点： 2.陈述理由： 3.总结发言。 注意： 1.词数80个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 How Can We Better Get Along with Our Parents? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 灌云高一英语答案 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．B 10．C 11．C 12．B 13．C 14．B 15．D 16．G 17．F 18．A 19．C 20．D 21．A 22．D 23．B 24．C 25．C 26．D 27．A 28．A 29．B 30．D 31．B 32．D 33．C 34．A 35．B 36．particularly 37．suspended 38．means 39．depending 40．discovery 41．where 42．since 43．was recorded 44．to mark 45．a 46．a 47．helping 48．her 49．traditional 50．that 51．stronger 52．was seen 53．to show 54．from 55．recognition 【小题1]brings out【小题2]backed down【小题3]think through【小题4]take on [小题5]in full measure[小题6]lies in【小题7]reach across the table 【小题8]come between him and his running【小题9]ate away at 【小题10]to live up to her parents'expectations 56．                How Can We Better Get Along with Our Parents? In my opinion, communication is the key to getting along well with our parents. Firstly, we should respect our parents and listen to their advice. They have more life experience and their guidance can be valuable. Secondly, we should express our thoughts and feelings openly. By sharing our ideas, we can help our parents understand us better. Lastly, spending quality time together can strengthen our bond. Engaging in activities we both enjoy can create lasting memories and foster a closer relationship. In conclusion, by respecting, communicating, and spending time together, we can build a stronger and more harmonious relationship with our parents. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$