专题18 阅读七选五（知识梳理+考点精讲精练+实战训练）-【学考复习】2025年高中英语学业水平合格性考试总复习（全国通用，春季高考适用）

专题18阅读七选五 目录 明晰学考要求 1 基础知识梳理 1 考点精讲讲练 2 考点一：挖空位置及作用 2 考点二：题型及解题技法 4 考点三：答题步骤与技巧 5 实战能力训练 9 1. 掌握段首题主旨与承上启下作用 2. 明晰段中各逻辑关系及标志词 3. 理解段尾题总结与过渡功能 4. 学会依据位置判断句子作用 （一）考查核心能力 整体理解与结构把握能力：考查考生对文章整体内容、结构布局的理解能力，要求能明晰文章是总分、总分总还是分总等常见结构，知晓不同位置内容的功能与关联，把握整篇文章的行文逻辑。 微观信息关联能力：重点测试对上下文逻辑意义的掌握，能识别句子之间、段落之间诸如因果、转折、并列、递进等细微的逻辑关系，判断信息间的关联性，使补全后的文章前后连贯、表意顺畅。 （二）关键关注要点 文章结构把握：熟悉不同体裁文章（记叙文、说明文、议论文等）常见的结构形式，依据挖空位置（段首、段中、段尾）去分析其在文中所起的作用，像段首可能是主旨句或承上启下句等，以此为基础来筛选合适选项。 逻辑线索识别：善于发现文中出现的逻辑关系标志词，如表示转折的 “but”“however”，表示因果的 “so”“therefore” 等，同时留意代词、同义词、近义词等体现的指代与呼应情况，通过这些线索确定选项与原文的契合度。 （三）语言表达适配性 风格契合：确保所选填入的句子与文章整体语言风格相符，无论是正式、通俗还是活泼风格，都要保持一致，避免出现突兀感，保障篇章语言的连贯性与统一性。 语法与词汇匹配：填入的句子在语法上要能与前后文自然衔接，不存在语法错误，并且词汇使用要契合文章语境，表意准确清晰，符合语言表达规范。 （一）挖空位置及作用 1. 段首题： 主旨句：常作为段落小标题或主题句，概括该段落核心内容。 承上启下句：能够将上段与下段内容连贯起来，起到衔接过渡作用。 示例 A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance We all want it... to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 36 Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction. 37 Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world. E Set an intention for self-acceptance. F. Stop comparing yourself with others. G. When does the comparison game start?‘’Don’t forget to forgive yourself._ 5 But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you don’t do it. D．Try to see things from your offender’s angle. E．For some people，forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge. F．To make your anger die away，try a simple stress­management technique. G．If you wait for people to apologize，you could be waiting an awfully long time. [分析] 设空在段中，先看前句E项中的信息forgiving themselves与前句意义一致，并且选项E与后面的句子之间用but连接，有转折的语气，因此构成了一种意义上的对比关系，尤其是but这个词，更加突出了对比的意义，因此选项E符合这里的意义和结构。[答案] E 2. 段中题： 例证关系：前后句存在例证逻辑，可通过 “for example” 等标志词体现，思维过程涵盖归纳与推理。 转折关系：若空格前后逻辑逆转，会出现 “but” 等转折标志词，空格处大概率表示转折。 因果关系：借助 “so”“therefore” 等标志词体现因果逻辑，前后句存在原因与结果的关联。 递进关系：当空格前后是层进逻辑时，常用 “besides”“moreover” 等词，空格处为递进句子。 并列关系：通过 “and”“first (ly)” 等标志词体现并列逻辑，句子之间是并列情况。 示例 Don’t forget to forgive yourself._ 5 But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you don’t do it. D．Try to see things from your offender’s angle. E．For some people，forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge. F．To make your anger die away，try a simple stress­management technique. G．If you wait for people to apologize，you could be waiting an awfully long time. [分析] 设空在段中，先看前句E项中的信息forgiving themselves与前句意义一致，并且选项E与后面的句子之间用but连接，有转折的语气，因此构成了一种意义上的对比关系，尤其是but这个词，更加突出了对比的意义，因此选项E符合这里的意义和结构。[答案] E 3. 段尾题： 总结句：用于总结本段内容，常含总结性词语。 承上启下句：起到连接上段与下段内容的作用，使文章过渡自然。 示例 Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. 39 Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 40 Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are? A. Feeling upset again? B. Where do you start? C. Nothing is too small to celebrate. D. Remember, you are only human. [分析] 本题设空在段尾，首先看前文。根据上文List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位。)可知，这些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝。C项意思，没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的，对上文的总结概括，符合文意。[答案] C （二）题型及解题技法 1. 主旨概括题： 考查内容：考查对文章或段落概括提炼中心思想、体会写作意图、提取主题及情感态度的能力，常考段落标题或文章主题句。 解题方法：采用浏览方式，搜索主题线索词，理清主旨大意，再浏览选项，匹配符合主旨的答案。 2. 语段过渡题： 考查内容：考查对篇章理解及上下文逻辑关系分析能力，句子起承上启下作用，设空位置灵活。 解题方法：根据设空位置采用不同判断法。段首需前瞻后望找提示；段中重点看前后句逻辑及连贯性，必要时参考中心句；段尾可考虑与下一段开头的衔接。 3. 细节线索题： 考查内容：注重考查文章细节，需借助多种线索解题。 解题方法： 4. 词汇复现法：利用文章中原词、同（近）义词、反义词复现特点，关注选项与正文重复出现的相关词汇来解题。 词汇同现法：依据属于同一词汇范畴或领域的词汇同时出现达到语意衔接的原理，根据上下文词汇范畴判断答案。 5. 代词线索法：巧妙利用代词指代前面提及名词的关系，依据代词单复数等情况准确快速解题。 逻辑关系线索法：把握文章脉络，通过文中或选项出现的逻辑关系词推理判断，若无关系词则需全面理解文意，弄清内在逻辑来选择正确答案。 （三）答题步骤与技巧 1. 通读全文：快速浏览文章，把握文章的体裁、大致内容以及整体结构框架，明确文章的主旨大意，为后续分析空缺处做准备。 2. 分析空缺处：仔细观察每个空缺所在的段落位置，判断其在段落中的作用，比如是引出主题、承接上文内容、进行举例说明还是总结归纳等，同时留意空缺处前后的逻辑关系线索和关键词。 3. 分析选项内容：认真研读各个选项，理解其表达的核心意思、关键信息以及体现的逻辑关系，看是否有与文中空缺处相匹配的内容、逻辑或指代呼应情况。 4. 代入验证：将初步筛选出的选项代入空缺处，通读全文，检查填入后文章的逻辑是否连贯、语义是否通顺，若出现表意矛盾或逻辑不通畅的情况，则需重新斟酌选项。 例题精练，举一反三 A Turning your hobby into a career doesn’t always have to be a conscious decision. Sometimes, you just turn around one day and realize that that’s what you’re doing. 1 Before entering university, I was mostly writing poetry. With this little bit of experience, I got a volunteer role at a literature journal, which was when I first fell in love with editing. 2 It was in the mid-2010s, and quite a few new-media platforms were started by people of my age. Many of these focus on issues like race and feminism. Later, though I didn’t have much academic or professional skills, I had my own lived experience — so I started recommending opinion pieces about my experience as a woman of color. 3 After that, editors can trust you, understand what you can do, and will give you more offers. In my final year of university, I decided to start up my own magazine, which explored students’ mental health in Cambridge. This gave me invaluable experience as editor-in-chief of a magazine. By the time I graduated, I had two key areas of real journalistic expertise — race and mental health. 4 — I was a freelance journalist who was paid for their work, writing nationally on issues I cared about. Sharing my progress, I enjoyed every step of the way though it looked like a long journey. If I had a few pieces of advice for this point in your life — 5 A．Only in this way can writing be a place of discovery, wonder and inspiration for everyone. B．I found that publishing your first piece is the biggest hurdle. C．That was why I decided to take up writing. D．When I got to university, I became curious about journalism and opinion writing. E．It was at this point in the game that I realized I’d done it. F．I would say seize every opportunity and do what you are passionate about. G．This was what the journey towards becoming a professional journalist was like for me. B No one likes to fail. Failure is painful and it can also be costly in terms of time, money, or both. 6 If you never suffer a failure, then you’re probably not pushing yourself to your full potential. The following are some tips on how to pick yourself up after you’ve failed. Remember that other people fail too. 7 They’ll tell you about that great new contract (合同) they signed，not the deal that failed eventually. But failure is normal, and lots of people fail many times before succeeding. Remind yourself of your past successes. Failing doesn’t mean you’ll never achieve what you want. 8 Maybe you had high marks last term, or you lost weight, or you learned to play a musical instrument. You might want to write down a list of successes. If you ever lack confidence, you can go back and read over that list. 9 Your past successes are important, but so are your past failures. You’ve made mistakes before, and you’ve survived them. By acknowledging your failures, you can remind yourself that today is no different. Just as you recovered in the past, you can recover from your recent failure too. 10 Whatever goes wrong, you’re probably facing some sort of decision. Don’t rush into making a hasty decision, but do look for a forward path. That might require some deep thinking. A．Make a decision wisely. B．Limit the damage caused. C．Remind yourself of your past failures. D．However, failure is a normal part of life. E．Get some advice and support from others. F．Most people don’t talk openly about their failures. G．Think of all the times in the past when you’ve succeeded. C High school can be an exciting yet challenging experience for many students. 11 12 High school can be challenging with a lot of work and activities. Effective time management helps you organize tasks, plan schedules, and achieve goals well. And many facts prove that practicing good time management in high school can build a strong foundation (基础) for success in college or in future jobs. Make good use of the resources in your school. High schools offer many kinds of resources (资源) that can help you to learn and achieve personal growth. 13 By taking advantage of these resources, you can develop study, social and personal skills. So, explore all the resources to develop yourself into an intelligent and all-round person. Be open to making new friends. Hanging out with friends is great. However, it’s better to step out of your familiar environment and introduce yourself to new people. Making new friends can open up more possibilities, sharpen your social skills, and build a support system for you. 14 Take care of your mental health. High school life is stressful for many reasons, and it’s important to pay attention to your mental health. 15 Also, you can talk to a trusted adult if you face pressure, anxiety, or other health problems. A．Develop good time management skills. B．They include libraries, labs, gyms and more. C．Moreover, friends can bring joy and happiness to your life. D．Taking a good rest and getting exercise can help reduce stress. E．It’s a time of change, growth, exploration and self-discovery. F．Exchange programs offer you an opportunity to experience new cultures. G．Read on and take a look at the following suggestions to help you make it through this period of your life. D How to Appear Outgoing in a Conversation? Some people seem naturally outgoing when chatting with others, while others find it hard to make it. Here are some tips to help you appear outgoing in a conversation. Make eye contact. If you’re in a social situation, such as at a party, try to make eye contact with the other people there. Once you’ve established eye contact, give the other person a friendly smile 16 If the person does not respond or does not expect to be approached, let them go their way. Part of being outgoing is knowing when and where to approach others and when to keep to yourself. Ask some open-ended questions. 17 It’s easier to start up a chat with someone new if you invite them to share about themselves. If you’ve already exchanged eye contact and smiles with someone, and you’re close by, start off with a question. Here are some ideas: How do you like that book or magazine? What is your favorite thing to do around here? 18 You might see some of the same people every day, but never acknowledge (致意) them. To become outgoing, it is important to start acknowledging the people around you more often. The next time you order a coffee or check out at the grocery store, smile at the person helping you and say “thank you”. This small act will help you become more comfortable interacting with others. 19 Talk to everyone. After you become a bit more comfortable talking to people you know, try talking to new people as you go through your day. 20 But the more you approach people and get comfortable with making conversation, the easier it will become. A．These questions invite others to respond with more than a “yes” or “no”. B．If the person smiles back at you, then go over to them. C．Remember that they serve hundreds of people a day. D．Say thank you in public as much as possible. E．It will probably make the other person’s day a little brighter. F．Keep in mind that this approach doesn’t always work well in some situations. G．At first, you might feel uncomfortable talking with strangers. E Writing poetry can seem frightening, especially if you do not feel you are naturally creative. But with the right inspiration and approach, you can also write a poem that you can be proud to share with others in class or with your friends. ◆Pick a specific theme or idea. The first step in any poetry creation is coming up with something to write about. You can start your poem by focusing on a specific theme or idea that you find fascinating. 21 ◆Choose a poetic form. Get your creative juices flowing by picking a form for your poem. There are many different poetic forms that you can use, from free verse to sonnet to rhyming couplet (押韵的对句). 22 Choose one poetic form and stick to that structure so your poem feels cohesive to your reader. ◆Use concrete imagery. 23 You should always try to describe something using the five senses: smell, taste, touch, sight, and sound. Using concrete imagery will immerse (使沉浸在) your reader in the world of your poem and make images come alive for them. ◆ 24 Literary devices like metaphor and simile add variety and depth to your poetry. Using these devices can make your poem stand out to your readers. Try to use literary devices throughout your poem, varying them so you do not use only metaphors or only similes in your writing. ◆Read the poem out loud. Once you have completed a draft of the poem, you should read it aloud to yourself. 25 Pay attention to how each line of your poem flows into the next. Keep a pen close by so you can mark any lines or words that sound awkward or jumbled. A．Use literary devices. B．Notice how the words sound to the ear. C．This can give your creation a clear goal. D．You may go for a poetic form that you find easy to use. E．If you want to write poetry, start by reading poetry. F．Avoid abstract imagery and go for concrete descriptions in your poem. G．You can also share your poem with other poets to get feedback from them. A （2024高一下·甘肃兰州·学业考试）Health Is Better Than Wealth It is widely known that health is of great significance. Leading a healthy life is crucial as being ill makes it hard to be happy. To enjoy a happy and healthy life, we should take the following steps. Firstly, we need to have breakfast every day and take in proper amounts of vitamins and minerals while reducing fat and cholesterol intake. 1 . Secondly, getting enough sleep is essential (本质的) as it is related to good health. Without sufficient sleep, our memory, learning and logical thinking will be negatively influenced. 2 . Thirdly, regular exercise is of utmost importance. It helps with weight control and maintaining healthy bones, muscles and joints, and also reduces the risk of certain diseases. 3 . Moreover, bodily hygiene matters. We should keep good dental hygiene by brushing our teeth morning and night, and visiting the dentist yearly for teeth cleaning. 4 . Last but not least, taking up a hobby is beneficial as hobbies are pleasant and relaxing activities that assist (帮助) people in living happier, healthier and recovering better from illness. 5 . In conclusion, by following these steps, we can lead a healthy life and stay away from diseases. A．And it can also enhance our immune system. B．It also helps to regulate our emotions. C．What’s more, it can improve our physical fitness. D．Then, we should ensure a proper diet. E．Also, it is very important to have a balanced diet. F．This is very important for our overall well-being. G．And proper sleep can make us more energetic. B （2023高二上·山西·学业考试）Friendship makes life more enjoyable and colorful. Here are some tips for you to make friends. Make yourself available. Put yourself out there somehow in order to meet people. If you’re still in school, sit somewhere with two other people. If you see opportunities to meet new people, take them. 6 7 Be open to trying new activities to meet people around you who have common interests. For example, if you love books and want to meet like-minded friends, join a book club. People who have a passion (激情) for books will end up meeting people with the same interest. Talk to others actively. 8 You can start talking to people by simply greeting them with a “Good morning, how are you?” as you pass them by. 9 You can talk to anybody: the person sitting next to you in public, or the person in front of you in the lunch line. Use social media wisely. 10 Social media has given us the amazing ability to connect with people on the Internet and turn them into friends. Using social media like Facebook may be a perfect way to meet people who share the same interest as you. A．Don’t be too picky. B．Meet new people nearby. C．We live in a digital world. D．Follow people and have fun. E．If someone invites you to a party, go for it. F．We shouldn’t make friends on the Internet. G．If you don’t actually talk to people, you still won’t make friends. C （2022高二·福建·学业考试）One of the most important keys is making sure that kids are getting the message you're trying to send. When you communicate with kids, sometimes the way instructions (指令) are given can be just as important as what you're trying to communicate. 11 Be direct. Make statements rather than asking questions. “Please turn right,” as opposed to “Are you ready to get out your homework?” 12 Give instructions when you are near the child, rather than calling out from across the room. Use clear and specific commands (命令). Instead of “Go ahead,” say, “Please turn right at the second crossing. ” Give instructions one at a time. 13 “Please put on your coat, get your lunch off the kitchen counter, and meet me in the front door.” Keep explanations easy. Giving a rationale (根本原因) can increase the likelihood children will listen to a command. For example, “Go get your coat on because it's raining. 14 ” Instead, try: “It’s raining and I don’t want you to catch a cold. Go get your coat on. Give kids time to process. After you give an instruction, wait a few seconds, without repeating what you said. They don't need to listen. 15 Watching and waiting also helps keep adults from doing what we’ve requested of our kids for them. A．Be close. B．Don't give them one by one. C．I don't want you to catch a cold. D．Do shout out as loudly as possible. E．Try to avoid giving instructions all together. F．This is because the instructions will be repeated. G．Here are the practical ways to present information to the kids D （2024高一下·广东佛山·学业考试）Do Animals Have Friends? When you see little animals playing together around a tree, or a cat and dog sleeping together in the living room, do you ever think — are they friends? One expert, Mike, believes that many animals do have friends. If they’re in the same group, they greet one another, travel together, play together and even share food with each other. 16 Playing together helps animals keep them close to the group. Wild dogs who don’t play much are more likely to leave the group on their own. 17 If an animal has a special friend, both friends benefit by having someone to watch out for them. In the case of a young rhino (犀牛) going on its first journey, it may look for an older travel friend. 18 Sharing is another important part of friendship. For all animals, finding food is a matter of life and death. For some bats in Central and South America, if they don’t get a blood meal every three days, they die of hunger. 19 If a bat doesn’t find food, a full bat will throw up some blood from its stomach into the mouth of the hungry friend. But sometimes members of a group also compete for food and mates, which can lead to fights. So making up after fights is a key skill. Sometimes after two male monkeys have a fight, they will sit apart, avoiding each other. 20 An older female monkey may need to step in to play peace-maker. She will walk up to one of them, kiss or touch him, then slowly walk toward the other. Then she sits close to the second male. Both start grooming (梳毛) her. When she leaves, they continue to groom each other, as if to say, “We’re cool now.” A．Each wants the other to make the first move. B．Young animals often team up for protection. C．But hungry bats don’t need to worry if they have friends. D．And leaving the protection of the group can be dangerous. E．These friendly behaviors can be important for an animal to survive. F．The friend helps to find food and water, and avoid dangerous animals. G．Bats take blood from sleeping animals, but they are surprisingly good friends. E （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）Social media offer great ways to socialize and connect with friends and others who share similar interests. 21 . And if you haven’t met the person in real life, it’s hard to know their true identity or their real intentions. Here are some steps you can take to protect yourself online. 22 . When was the last time you Googled yourself? Doing so regularly is a good way to see what kinds of information about you-or images and videos of you — are publicly available. You can also set up a Google Alert (谷歌快讯) for yourself so you’ll be told whenever a new item about you is posted online. Be careful when you check in or share your location. When checking in somewhere or sharing your location, be aware that you’re actually sharing your whereabouts (行踪) with everyone who has access to what you post. 23 . Don’t share personal information online. Regardless of what kind of social media you’re on, don’t share personal information like your phone number, home address, email address or student ID number. 24 . Make sure you know who you’re sharing it with and why they need the information. 25 . We all have too many passwords, but it’s important to ensure that all your passwords are different. A good password should contain a few capital letters, numbers and a symbol. Don’t share your passwords and be sure to change them regularly. A．Be aware of what’s public B．Keep an eye on your passwords C．If you need to share that information, do it privately D．However, it’s easy to hide or change one’s identity on any of these social media E．You’re announcing where you are to your friends, but also, possibly to strangers F （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）Here are five habits to help you enjoy a longer and better life. Reduce stress. 26 . Too much or long-term stress, however, can have a negative effect on your health. While no one has a stress-free life, there are steps you can take to manage your response to stress. Eat better. You don’t have to adopt some crazy diet or give up all sweets. 27 . You can also eat more whole foods. 28 . When you feel good, it’s easy to avoid going to the doctor. No matter how you feel, though, it’s a good idea to visit your doctor for an annual check-up. The doctor will most likely check your blood pressure. Depending on your age and family history, the doctor may recommend certain tests. Keep moving. Exercise lowers blood pressure, and improves mood. Some research also says it has the power to keep us young. You don’t have to take up running marathons. 29 . Connect with friends. 30 . Steps to build a social network include getting involved with joining a cause or volunteering for an organization. A．Check with your doctor B．Everyone experiences stress C．Simply said, we are better together D．Just work more movement into your day E．Instead, try to eat a few more vegetables and fruits G （2023高二下·辽宁·学业考试）Don’t get me wrong-I love my parents very much. I know they love me too and would do anything to help me but sometimes they can be really embarrassing. Dad wanting to pick me up from school, Mum getting overexcited when she watches me playing football for the school team. 31 . My friends all complain about theirs from time to time. It seems a few cruel parents want to see their kids suffer on purpose, but others are just trying to be cool and fit in with our friends. There’s not really much we can do about it, or is there? Here are a few tips I’ve come up with to make life just a little easier for all of us. Choose the behaviour you find most embarrassing 32 . And then put them in order. Is the fact that your dad sings along to the radio when your friends are over for dinner worse than the fact that he always calls your best friend by the wrong name? By deciding which ones are worse means you’ll be free to focus your energy where you need it most. 33 When you’ve decided which issues you want to talk about, keep a diary of all the times your mum or dad do the things that embarrass you most. When, where and how you felt - make a note of all these things. They’ll help you put your case across. Have a family meeting It’s time for a little face-to-face chat.The chances are that even if your parents are aware of doing these things, they prob-ably don’t realize how embarrassing they are. Keep calm. 34 . Let them have their say — they’ll probably want to defend themselves. Of course, you’ll also have to be prepared to listen to some of the things that they don’t like about you. It’s part of the deal. Try and be more understanding Hopefully your parents will listen and be willing to change their ways, especially if you say you’re happy to change too. Of course, sometimes they might not. Re-member that they once had their own embarrassing parents, and the chances are many of us will be embarrassing parents ourselves one day. 35 . A．Discuss the issues B．Collect the evidence C．And I know it’s not just me D．Let them know how you feel and why E．Maybe we shouldn’t be too hard on them F．Write down the things that you feel happy G．Write a list of all the things you find embarrassing H （2023高二·湖北·学业考试）Everyone loves travelling, right? Unfortunately, money can sometimes be a problem. Here are some tips for gaining better travel experience, regardless of your bank savings! Tip 1: Decide where you’ll go based on your budget. The cost of your trip can depend greatly on where you want to go. 36 . For example, countries like France and the UK can be pretty expensive to visit. By contrast, Eastern Europe and Southeast Asia are cheaper and still offer great cultural experiences. Tip 2: 37 . Yes, everyone loves the luxury of a five star hotel. But sadly, in a lot of places, this is just not realistic for those on a budget. That’s why whenever I travel to countries which are expensive, I choose to stay in hostels or campsites. Hostels are a sure way to meet potential travelling companions while also saving money. 38 . Tip 3: Don’t always rely on restaurants. Another advantage of staying in hostels(招待所)is that you will always have access to a kitchen. Eating in a restaurant can be very expensive, 39 . Many cities have markets where you can buy fresh food and vegetables on the cheap, and you can even try to make the popular food of the country. So you see, if you come prepared, you can easily travel the world, 40 . A．Choose hostels and campsites B．no matter what your budget is C．so you can easily save by cooking your own meals D．So, knowing the average costs in a country can help you plan your trip E．Camping is also a great choice for budget accommodation, especially if you enjoy the outdoors I （2023高三·海南·学业考试）Critical thinking is the ability to think clearly and rationally (理性地). To think critically is to reflect on things in an independent manner. 41 A critical thinker is able to deduce conclusions from what he or she already knows, use existing knowledge to reach conclusions, and identify relevant sources of information to extend existing knowledge. Here are some things you can do to enhance your critical thinking. Clarify your thinking. Don’t be satisfied with a vague or fuzzy understanding of things. Don’t take things at face value. Seek the real meaning of things by looking at not just the surface, but below the surface as well. Stick to the point when you are thinking something through. Don’t jump about without any logical connections between your thoughts. 42 Keep an open mind. You will not be able to think critically if you approach things with a rigid set of opinions and attitudes that are not open to discussion. 43 Keep judgment about things until you are certain you have enough information with which to make an informed judgment. This is another way of saying “don’t jump to conclusions.”       44 Learn about things you don’t know much about and explore new ways of looking at and doing things. Don’t let your emotions get in the way of your thinking. 45 You will do your clearest thinking when you are calm and in control. Be a good listener. The better you listen, the more correct information you will have, and the better decisions you will make. A．Be intellectually curious. B．Do not rush to judgment. C．Stay focused on what is relevant. D．Judge things according to your personal standards. E．Think critically, and you will be all that you can be. F．It’s difficult to think critically when you are angry or upset. G．Critical thinking becomes increasingly important as you progress through school. J （2024高三下·海南省直辖县级单位·学业考试）When it comes to happiness, our present selves habitually get deprived (剥夺). 46 In the middle of a busy workday, you think, “I’ll be happy when I get this done.” When you get the task done, you think, “I’ll be happy when I’m on vacation…” When we are doing these, it’s as if we put true happiness in a package addressed to us at some future time when circumstances will be just right for it to happen. Yet, the package keeps getting lost. 47 What causes this? How can we avoid this result? We should know the reason why we make such choices and why our future selves seem like strangers to us is partially due to the abstractness of tomorrow. The solution is to make the future more vivid and create an emotional connection between the present and future selves. Here are several ways to strengthen the connection. 48 Write a letter to your future self and send back a reply. Then you may gain insights into your future self’s needs that would get you to take helpful action now. Visualize the best version of yourself. 49 Importantly, focus on the contrast between now and later. What are the barriers that stand in the way of turning into that ideal future later? Once you recognize them, you could start working on them now. Imagine yourself in old age. Looking back at now, what do you wish you would have done more or differently with your time? 50 And how can you prioritize the future now, so that when you look back on it later, you think of it fondly? Once you do such things, you will make choices that will benefit both your present self and future self. A．Start a conversation between the selves. B．What will your future self thank you for? C．We often put feeling happy to the future us. D．Learn to communicate with others through letters. E．What impression did you leave on those around you? F．This can make what you do today for the future more worthwhile. G．As a result, we are left without enjoyment of the moment in front of us. K （2024高三下·海南·学业考试）Many people changed residences and are eager to get familiar with their new neighbors. Here’s a quick refresher on making the most of neighborhood relationships. Begin at the beginning. Building good neighborly relationships starts when you or someone else moves into the area. If a new neighbor moves in, be proactive (主动的) and welcome them to the neighborhood. 51 . Consider taking a plate of cookies or a small housewarming gift. Share your contact information and offer to answer any questions they may have about the community, including your favorite restaurants or the best local service providers. 52 . Don’t create things that are unpleasant to look at or allow your property’s condition to affect the value of neighboring homes adversely (不利地). Being kind to those around you includes keeping your yard tidy, removing snow from your sidewalks, and collecting trash and recycling bins after the truck has passed. Be inclusive. If you are hosting a large party, consider extending invitations to your neighbors. During the holiday season, remember the people next door with a card, a homemade goodie, or an offer of assistance. Give without expectations. 53 . Allow people to be human. 54 , and it’s impossible to know what others are going through. Don’t be too quick to assume a sligh (轻蔑) is personal or intended. Accept it. If you have tried your best to resolve a conflict without success, let it go. Sadly, some people won’t like you whatever you do. And you aren’t going to enjoy some people. 55 . Be pleasant anyway, and be thankful that you get to live your life and they get to live theirs. A．Maintain your space B．Be the first to stop by and say hello C．It’s easier to accept it and move on D．Everyone has a bad day now and then E．Take steps to ensure it won’t happen again F．Let others know you are thinking of them G．Some neighbors are more easygoing than others L （2024高三下·海南·学业考试）Change can be hard. It means a lack of certainty and predictability. 56 Here are some tips to give your teen to help them cope with change in a healthy way. 57 Many times, our first response to change is to either deny it, fight it, or run away from it. Unfortunately, none of these strategies help us cope with change successfully. Most of the time we can’t control change, but we can control our response to it. Sometimes, simply saying “things are changing, and that’s OK” can make us feel better. Control what you can. 58 Having some things that stay the same like walking the dog every evening after dinner reminds us that some things are still the same and allows our brain to rest. It can also help to plan whatever is still in our control or set goals for areas we want to see improve. Useful strategies can include focusing on the problem at hand, developing a plan for action, and asking for advice. Identify your fears. Our imaginations can get the best of us sometimes, and we might exaggerate the problem. Honestly evaluate the change and consider what the worst case is. Determine what specifically is making you worried. 59 Talk about solutions more than feelings. One of the most common myths (谬见) of coping with unwanted changes is the idea that we can “work through” our anger, fears, and frustrations by talking about them a lot. 60 In fact, research shows that repeatedly broadcasting negative emotions can make us feel worse. As you talk about the change you are facing, make sure you are focusing on the problem and possible solutions, and avoid focusing solely on your feelings. A．Take a fair attitude. B．Acknowledge the change. C．This isn’t always the case. D．Look at the positives that will come out of the change. E．It helps to have other areas of our life follow a predictable schedule. F．You might realize that the worst case is not as bad as you imagined. G．However, change is necessary for growth and it is normal to fear what we don’t know. M （2024高二下·全国·专题练习）Moving into a new home in a new neighbourhood is an exciting experience. Of course, you want to make sure that you become an acceptable and valuable part of your neighbourhood. The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbour should. 61 Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbour is to keep your property (房产) neat, clean, and in good repair. 62 By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area. Second, take the overall appearance of the neighbourhood seriously. When going for a walk, take a small garbage bag. 63 This small act will let your neighbours know that you care about the area. 64 If a neighbour is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers. If a neighbour suffers from an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping. Let them know you are there to help in any way and respect the privacy of your neighbour. 65 By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighbourhood in general, you will quickly become a good neighbour that everyone appreciates. A．In general, keep an eye on their property while they are away. B．A good neighbour is the one who likes to help out in small ways. C．Being a good neighbour is more or less about considerate behavior. D．Sometimes neighbours may go to the supermarket together to do shopping. E．If you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up. F．People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting. G．Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighbourhood quickly. N （2024高二下·全国·专题练习）China will pay more attention to the research and development of techniques and equipment 66 , according to a senior researcher in the country’s shipbuilding industry. “Deep-sea mining has become 67 on science, technology, resources and industries, because there are a lot of polymetallic nodules on ocean floors that contain rich concentrations of nickel, copper, manganese and cobalt that are essential to the renewable energy industry,” said Ye Cong, deputy director of the China Ship Scientific Research Center in Jiangsu province’s Wuxi. “A large proportion of the metals I mentioned, which are extensively used at Chinese factories, needs to be imported. 68 will help us reduce the heavy reliance on foreign suppliers,” said Ye, who is a member of the 14th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference. Internationally, some Western nations have owned key technologies and the capability of manufacturing major hardware 69 and at least one company has launched experimental commercial mining operations expected to retrieve thousands of metric tons of ores each day. However, China lags behind in terms of knowledge, technology and hardware, which highlights the importance of 70 . A．a new frontier of international competition B．a new study of great importance C．used for deep-sea mining D．used for marine exploration E．mining them from seabed F．government attention and investment G．required in deep-sea mining O （2024高二下·全国·专题练习）The 24-year-old female commander (指挥员) Zhou Chengyu has been a heated topic on Weibo since the Chinese state media highlighted her as one of the women involved in the successful launch of the Chang’e 5 lunar probe (月球探测器) on 24 November. Social media users have been referring to her as a “source of pride” for the country. 71 Several people jokingly reflected on their own achievements, commenting how far behind in life they were in comparison. Starting in 2004, the Chang’e Programme consists of three stages: “orbiting”, “landing” and “returning”. 72 In December, 2013, the goal of China’s first soft landing on the lunar surface and ground exploration on the Moon was achieved by the lander of Chang’e 3 and Yutu lunar rover. Last year, Chang’e 4 probe made the first-ever soft landing on the far side of the moon. The Chang’e 5 mission is China’s third successful moon landing in seven years. 73 If it were successful, China would be the third country to bring lunar samples back to Earth after the United States and the Soviet Union. Most Chinese people know the mythological story of Chang’e, the Chinese goddess of the moon. People can’t hear the word “Chang’e” without picturing romantic images of a moon goddess. 74 And so pictures of Zhou Chengyu have been all over the state media, with comments about how she is a “front-line soldier in the field of aerospace” and a “big sister” that the young Chinese can look up to. However, the huge amount of interest in the native of Guizhou Province has not appeared to have had much of an effect on her. 75 A．Her story in particular has inspired the public, considering her young age. B．She refused repeated requests for interviews in order to focus on her work. C．However, China has been trying to highlight strong female figures in the country. D．Despite her young age, Zhou is now working at the Wenchang Satellite Launch Center. E．Its aim is to gather lunar rocks and soil to help scientists learn more about the moon. F．For this reason, China’s mission to the moon has been calling for a strong female figure. G．China completed the “orbiting” stage by launching Chang’e 1 and Chang’e 2 lunar probes in 2007 and 2010. ( 20 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题18阅读七选五 目录 明晰学考要求 1 基础知识梳理 1 考点精讲讲练 2 考点一：挖空位置及作用 2 考点二：题型及解题技法 4 考点三：答题步骤与技巧 5 实战能力训练 14 1. 掌握段首题主旨与承上启下作用 2. 明晰段中各逻辑关系及标志词 3. 理解段尾题总结与过渡功能 4. 学会依据位置判断句子作用 （一）考查核心能力 整体理解与结构把握能力：考查考生对文章整体内容、结构布局的理解能力，要求能明晰文章是总分、总分总还是分总等常见结构，知晓不同位置内容的功能与关联，把握整篇文章的行文逻辑。 微观信息关联能力：重点测试对上下文逻辑意义的掌握，能识别句子之间、段落之间诸如因果、转折、并列、递进等细微的逻辑关系，判断信息间的关联性，使补全后的文章前后连贯、表意顺畅。 （二）关键关注要点 文章结构把握：熟悉不同体裁文章（记叙文、说明文、议论文等）常见的结构形式，依据挖空位置（段首、段中、段尾）去分析其在文中所起的作用，像段首可能是主旨句或承上启下句等，以此为基础来筛选合适选项。 逻辑线索识别：善于发现文中出现的逻辑关系标志词，如表示转折的 “but”“however”，表示因果的 “so”“therefore” 等，同时留意代词、同义词、近义词等体现的指代与呼应情况，通过这些线索确定选项与原文的契合度。 （三）语言表达适配性 风格契合：确保所选填入的句子与文章整体语言风格相符，无论是正式、通俗还是活泼风格，都要保持一致，避免出现突兀感，保障篇章语言的连贯性与统一性。 语法与词汇匹配：填入的句子在语法上要能与前后文自然衔接，不存在语法错误，并且词汇使用要契合文章语境，表意准确清晰，符合语言表达规范。 （一）挖空位置及作用 1. 段首题： 主旨句：常作为段落小标题或主题句，概括该段落核心内容。 承上启下句：能够将上段与下段内容连贯起来，起到衔接过渡作用。 示例 A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance We all want it... to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 36 Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction. 37 Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world. E Set an intention for self-acceptance. F. Stop comparing yourself with others. G. When does the comparison game start?‘’Don’t forget to forgive yourself._ 5 But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you don’t do it. D．Try to see things from your offender’s angle. E．For some people，forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge. F．To make your anger die away，try a simple stress­management technique. G．If you wait for people to apologize，you could be waiting an awfully long time. [分析] 设空在段中，先看前句E项中的信息forgiving themselves与前句意义一致，并且选项E与后面的句子之间用but连接，有转折的语气，因此构成了一种意义上的对比关系，尤其是but这个词，更加突出了对比的意义，因此选项E符合这里的意义和结构。[答案] E 2. 段中题： 例证关系：前后句存在例证逻辑，可通过 “for example” 等标志词体现，思维过程涵盖归纳与推理。 转折关系：若空格前后逻辑逆转，会出现 “but” 等转折标志词，空格处大概率表示转折。 因果关系：借助 “so”“therefore” 等标志词体现因果逻辑，前后句存在原因与结果的关联。 递进关系：当空格前后是层进逻辑时，常用 “besides”“moreover” 等词，空格处为递进句子。 并列关系：通过 “and”“first (ly)” 等标志词体现并列逻辑，句子之间是并列情况。 示例 Don’t forget to forgive yourself._ 5 But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you don’t do it. D．Try to see things from your offender’s angle. E．For some people，forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge. F．To make your anger die away，try a simple stress­management technique. G．If you wait for people to apologize，you could be waiting an awfully long time. [分析] 设空在段中，先看前句E项中的信息forgiving themselves与前句意义一致，并且选项E与后面的句子之间用but连接，有转折的语气，因此构成了一种意义上的对比关系，尤其是but这个词，更加突出了对比的意义，因此选项E符合这里的意义和结构。[答案] E 3. 段尾题： 总结句：用于总结本段内容，常含总结性词语。 承上启下句：起到连接上段与下段内容的作用，使文章过渡自然。 示例 Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. 39 Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 40 Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are? A. Feeling upset again? B. Where do you start? C. Nothing is too small to celebrate. D. Remember, you are only human. [分析] 本题设空在段尾，首先看前文。根据上文List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位。)可知，这些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝。C项意思，没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的，对上文的总结概括，符合文意。[答案] C （二）题型及解题技法 1. 主旨概括题： 考查内容：考查对文章或段落概括提炼中心思想、体会写作意图、提取主题及情感态度的能力，常考段落标题或文章主题句。 解题方法：采用浏览方式，搜索主题线索词，理清主旨大意，再浏览选项，匹配符合主旨的答案。 2. 语段过渡题： 考查内容：考查对篇章理解及上下文逻辑关系分析能力，句子起承上启下作用，设空位置灵活。 解题方法：根据设空位置采用不同判断法。段首需前瞻后望找提示；段中重点看前后句逻辑及连贯性，必要时参考中心句；段尾可考虑与下一段开头的衔接。 3. 细节线索题： 考查内容：注重考查文章细节，需借助多种线索解题。 解题方法： 4. 词汇复现法：利用文章中原词、同（近）义词、反义词复现特点，关注选项与正文重复出现的相关词汇来解题。 词汇同现法：依据属于同一词汇范畴或领域的词汇同时出现达到语意衔接的原理，根据上下文词汇范畴判断答案。 5. 代词线索法：巧妙利用代词指代前面提及名词的关系，依据代词单复数等情况准确快速解题。 逻辑关系线索法：把握文章脉络，通过文中或选项出现的逻辑关系词推理判断，若无关系词则需全面理解文意，弄清内在逻辑来选择正确答案。 （三）答题步骤与技巧 1. 通读全文：快速浏览文章，把握文章的体裁、大致内容以及整体结构框架，明确文章的主旨大意，为后续分析空缺处做准备。 2. 分析空缺处：仔细观察每个空缺所在的段落位置，判断其在段落中的作用，比如是引出主题、承接上文内容、进行举例说明还是总结归纳等，同时留意空缺处前后的逻辑关系线索和关键词。 3. 分析选项内容：认真研读各个选项，理解其表达的核心意思、关键信息以及体现的逻辑关系，看是否有与文中空缺处相匹配的内容、逻辑或指代呼应情况。 4. 代入验证：将初步筛选出的选项代入空缺处，通读全文，检查填入后文章的逻辑是否连贯、语义是否通顺，若出现表意矛盾或逻辑不通畅的情况，则需重新斟酌选项。 例题精练，举一反三 A Turning your hobby into a career doesn’t always have to be a conscious decision. Sometimes, you just turn around one day and realize that that’s what you’re doing. 1 Before entering university, I was mostly writing poetry. With this little bit of experience, I got a volunteer role at a literature journal, which was when I first fell in love with editing. 2 It was in the mid-2010s, and quite a few new-media platforms were started by people of my age. Many of these focus on issues like race and feminism. Later, though I didn’t have much academic or professional skills, I had my own lived experience — so I started recommending opinion pieces about my experience as a woman of color. 3 After that, editors can trust you, understand what you can do, and will give you more offers. In my final year of university, I decided to start up my own magazine, which explored students’ mental health in Cambridge. This gave me invaluable experience as editor-in-chief of a magazine. By the time I graduated, I had two key areas of real journalistic expertise — race and mental health. 4 — I was a freelance journalist who was paid for their work, writing nationally on issues I cared about. Sharing my progress, I enjoyed every step of the way though it looked like a long journey. If I had a few pieces of advice for this point in your life — 5 A．Only in this way can writing be a place of discovery, wonder and inspiration for everyone. B．I found that publishing your first piece is the biggest hurdle. C．That was why I decided to take up writing. D．When I got to university, I became curious about journalism and opinion writing. E．It was at this point in the game that I realized I’d done it. F．I would say seize every opportunity and do what you are passionate about. G．This was what the journey towards becoming a professional journalist was like for me. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．B 4．E 5．F 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者分享了自己将爱好变成职业的过程。 1．根据上文“Sometimes, you just turn around one day and realize that that’s what you’re doing.(有时候，你只是有一天转过身，意识到你在做什么)”以及下文内容可知，上文提到有时候把爱好变成职业是一个无意识的决定，下文按时间顺序具体讲述了自己的经历，故G项“这就是我成为一名职业记者的过程”承上启下，符合语境，故选G。 2．根据上一段中“Before entering university(在上大学之前)”以及空后“It was in the mid-2010s, and quite a few new-media platforms were started by people of my age.(那是在2010年代中期，很多新媒体平台都是由我这个年龄的人创建的)”可知，本段应是讲述上大学后的事情，且和媒体有关，D项“上大学后，我对新闻和观点写作产生了好奇”符合语境，故选D。 3．根据上文“so I started recommending opinion pieces about my experience as a woman of color.(所以我开始推荐一些关于我作为有色人种女性经历的观点文章)”和下文“After that, editors can trust you, understand what you can do, and will give you more offers.(在那之后，编辑们会信任你，理解你能做什么，并会给你更多的机会)”可知，上文提到作者开始推荐一些文章，下文提到后来作者受到编辑的信任和理解，故空处是描述一开始的情况，B项“我发现发表第一篇文章是最大的障碍”符合语境，故选B。 4．根据上文“By the time I graduated, I had two key areas of real journalistic expertise — race and mental health.(到我毕业的时候，我已经掌握了两个关键的新闻专业领域——种族和心理健康)”和下文“I was a freelance journalist who was paid for their work, writing nationally on issues I cared about.(我是一名自由撰稿人，工作有报酬，在全国范围内报道我关心的问题)”可知，作者毕业时已经掌握了两个关键的新闻专业领域，成为了一名自由撰稿人，故此时作者做到了把爱好变成了职业，E项“在游戏的这个时候，我意识到我做到了”符合语境，故选E。 5．根据上文“If I had a few pieces of advice for this point in your life(如果我对你人生的这个阶段有一些建议)”可知，空处是作者的建议，F项“我会说抓住每一个机会，做你热爱的事情”符合语境，故选F。 B No one likes to fail. Failure is painful and it can also be costly in terms of time, money, or both. 6 If you never suffer a failure, then you’re probably not pushing yourself to your full potential. The following are some tips on how to pick yourself up after you’ve failed. Remember that other people fail too. 7 They’ll tell you about that great new contract (合同) they signed，not the deal that failed eventually. But failure is normal, and lots of people fail many times before succeeding. Remind yourself of your past successes. Failing doesn’t mean you’ll never achieve what you want. 8 Maybe you had high marks last term, or you lost weight, or you learned to play a musical instrument. You might want to write down a list of successes. If you ever lack confidence, you can go back and read over that list. 9 Your past successes are important, but so are your past failures. You’ve made mistakes before, and you’ve survived them. By acknowledging your failures, you can remind yourself that today is no different. Just as you recovered in the past, you can recover from your recent failure too. 10 Whatever goes wrong, you’re probably facing some sort of decision. Don’t rush into making a hasty decision, but do look for a forward path. That might require some deep thinking. A．Make a decision wisely. B．Limit the damage caused. C．Remind yourself of your past failures. D．However, failure is a normal part of life. E．Get some advice and support from others. F．Most people don’t talk openly about their failures. G．Think of all the times in the past when you’ve succeeded. 【答案】6．D 7．F 8．G 9．C 10．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些在失败后如何振作起来的建议。 6．上文“No one likes to fail. Failure is painful and it can also be costly in terms of time, money, or both.(没有人喜欢失败。失败是痛苦的，也可能在时间、金钱或两者方面付出代价)”以及下文“If you never suffer a failure, then you’re probably not pushing yourself to your full potential.(如果你从未经历过失败，那么你可能没有充分发挥自己的潜力)”说明失败是痛苦的并需要付出代价，但是如果从未经历过失败，也不能发挥自己的潜力。空处和前文形成转折关系，并引出下文的内容。D项“然而，失败是生活中正常的一部分。”符合语境。故选D。 7．下文“They’ll tell you about that great new contract (合同) they signed，not the deal that failed eventually.(他们会告诉你他们签署的那份伟大的新合同，而不是最终失败的交易)”说明大多数人只会分享成功的故事，不会公开谈论自己的失败。空处引出下文中的内容，下文中的they指代F项中的Most people，该项中的“don’t talk openly about their failures”和下文中的“not the deal that failed eventually”相呼应，说明大多数人不会公开谈论他们的失败。故选F。 8．上文“Remind yourself of your past successes. Failing doesn’t mean you’ll never achieve what you want.(提醒自己过去的成功。失败并不意味着你永远不会实现你想要的东西)”说明本段建议读者要关注自己过去的成功。空处顺接前文，同时引出下文中“过去成功”的例子。G项“回想一下过去你成功的所有时刻。”符合语境，该项中的“when you’ve succeeded”和上文中“Remind yourself of your past successes”相呼应。故选G。 9．下文“Your past successes are important, but so are your past failures. You’ve made mistakes before, and you’ve survived them.(你过去的成功很重要，但你过去的失败也很重要。你以前犯过错误，但你从中幸存了下来)”以及“Just as you recovered in the past, you can recover from your recent failure too.(正如你过去的恢复一样，你也可以从最近的失败中恢复过来)”说明本段主要引导读者回顾过去的失败，以提醒自己失败是可以克服的。C项“提醒自己过去的失败。”适合作本段的主旨句。故选C。 10．下文“Whatever goes wrong, you’re probably facing some sort of decision. Don’t rush into making a hasty decision, but do look for a forward path. That might require some deep thinking.(无论出了什么问题，你都可能面临某种决定。不要急于做出仓促的决定，但要寻找前进的道路。这可能需要一些深入思考)”说明本段建议读者面对一些决定时要慢，不要仓促做决定。A项“明智地做出决定。”适合作本段的主旨句。故选A。 C High school can be an exciting yet challenging experience for many students. 11 12 High school can be challenging with a lot of work and activities. Effective time management helps you organize tasks, plan schedules, and achieve goals well. And many facts prove that practicing good time management in high school can build a strong foundation (基础) for success in college or in future jobs. Make good use of the resources in your school. High schools offer many kinds of resources (资源) that can help you to learn and achieve personal growth. 13 By taking advantage of these resources, you can develop study, social and personal skills. So, explore all the resources to develop yourself into an intelligent and all-round person. Be open to making new friends. Hanging out with friends is great. However, it’s better to step out of your familiar environment and introduce yourself to new people. Making new friends can open up more possibilities, sharpen your social skills, and build a support system for you. 14 Take care of your mental health. High school life is stressful for many reasons, and it’s important to pay attention to your mental health. 15 Also, you can talk to a trusted adult if you face pressure, anxiety, or other health problems. A．Develop good time management skills. B．They include libraries, labs, gyms and more. C．Moreover, friends can bring joy and happiness to your life. D．Taking a good rest and getting exercise can help reduce stress. E．It’s a time of change, growth, exploration and self-discovery. F．Exchange programs offer you an opportunity to experience new cultures. G．Read on and take a look at the following suggestions to help you make it through this period of your life. 【答案】11．G 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了给高一新生的建议，包括认真学习，培养良好的时间管理技能等。 11．根据上文“High school can be an exciting yet challenging experience for many students.(对许多学生来说，高中是一段令人兴奋但又充满挑战的经历)”可知，上文提到高中既是令人兴奋的又是有挑战的一次经历，推测接下来是给学生提供相关的建议。G选项“继续读下去，看看下面的建议，它们会帮助你度过人生的这段时期”最符合语境。故选G。 12．根据下文“High school can be challenging with a lot of work and activities. Effective time management helps you organize tasks, plan schedules, and achieve goals well. And many facts prove that practicing good time management in high school can build a strong foundation (基础) for success in college or in future jobs.(高中是充满挑战的，有很多工作和活动。有效的时间管理可以帮助你很好地组织任务、计划日程和实现目标。许多事实证明，在高中练习良好的时间管理可以为大学或未来工作的成功打下坚实的基础)”可知，本段讲述高中生应该培养时间管理能力。A项“培养良好的时间管理技能”适合作本段的主旨句，统领全段。故选A。 13．根据上文“High schools offer many kinds of resources (资源) that can help you to learn and achieve personal growth.(高中提供了多种资源，可以帮助你学习和实现个人成长)”说明高中的各种资源有助于学生的学习。空处顺接前文，进一步说明学校的资源有哪些。B项中的They指代前文中的“many kinds of resources”，说明学校资源包括图书馆、实验室、健身房等。B选项“它们包括图书馆、实验室、健身房等等”符合语境。故选B。 14．根据上文“Making new friends can open up more possibilities, sharpen your social skills, and build a support system for you.(结交新朋友可以打开更多的可能性，提高你的社交能力，并为你建立一个支持系统)”说明结交新朋友对高中生的好处。空处和前文为递进关系，进一步说明交朋友的好处。C项中的“friends”是前文中该词的复现，所以C项“此外，朋友可以给你的生活带来欢乐和幸福”符合语境。故选C。 15．根据上文“Take care of your mental health.(照顾好你的心理健康)”以及下文“Also, you can talk to a trusted adult if you face pressure, anxiety, or other health problems.(此外，如果你面临压力、焦虑或其他健康问题，你可以与值得信赖的成年人交谈)”说明本段讲述如何照顾好学生的心理问题。空处和下文并列说明如何减轻学生的压力。D项中的“help reduce stress”和下文中的“if you face pressure, anxiety, or other health problems”相呼应，说明好好休息和锻炼有助于减轻压力。故D选项“好好休息和锻炼可以帮助减轻压力”符合语境。故选D。 D How to Appear Outgoing in a Conversation? Some people seem naturally outgoing when chatting with others, while others find it hard to make it. Here are some tips to help you appear outgoing in a conversation. Make eye contact. If you’re in a social situation, such as at a party, try to make eye contact with the other people there. Once you’ve established eye contact, give the other person a friendly smile 16 If the person does not respond or does not expect to be approached, let them go their way. Part of being outgoing is knowing when and where to approach others and when to keep to yourself. Ask some open-ended questions. 17 It’s easier to start up a chat with someone new if you invite them to share about themselves. If you’ve already exchanged eye contact and smiles with someone, and you’re close by, start off with a question. Here are some ideas: How do you like that book or magazine? What is your favorite thing to do around here? 18 You might see some of the same people every day, but never acknowledge (致意) them. To become outgoing, it is important to start acknowledging the people around you more often. The next time you order a coffee or check out at the grocery store, smile at the person helping you and say “thank you”. This small act will help you become more comfortable interacting with others. 19 Talk to everyone. After you become a bit more comfortable talking to people you know, try talking to new people as you go through your day. 20 But the more you approach people and get comfortable with making conversation, the easier it will become. A．These questions invite others to respond with more than a “yes” or “no”. B．If the person smiles back at you, then go over to them. C．Remember that they serve hundreds of people a day. D．Say thank you in public as much as possible. E．It will probably make the other person’s day a little brighter. F．Keep in mind that this approach doesn’t always work well in some situations. G．At first, you might feel uncomfortable talking with strangers. 【答案】16．B 17．A 18．D 19．E 20．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了帮助你在谈话中显得外向的四种方法。 16．上文“Once you’ve established eye contact, give the other person a friendly smile.(一旦你们建立了眼神交流，给对方一个友好的微笑。)”提到了给对方一个友好的微笑，B项中的smiles back是关键词，与上文的a friendly smile呼应，同时与下文“If the person does not respond or does not expect to be approached, let them go their way.(如果这个人没有回应或者不希望被接近，就让他们走自己的路吧。)”构成对比关系，所以B选项“If the person smiles back at you, then go over to them.(如果那个人回你一个微笑，那就走过去。)”符合语境。故选B。 17．上文“Ask some open-ended questions.(问一些开放式的问题。)”提到了问问题，A项中questions是关键词，与上文呼应，进一步阐述开放式问题，所以A选项“These questions invite others to respond with more than a “yes” or “no”.(这些问题要求别人的回答不仅仅是‘是’或‘不是’)。”符合语境。故选A。 18．下文“You might see some of the same people every day, but never acknowledge (致意) them.(你可能每天都见到同样的一些人，但从不向他们致意。)”和“The next time you order a coffee or check out at the grocery store, smile at the person helping you and say ‘thank you’.(下次你点咖啡或在杂货店结账时，微笑着对帮助你的人说‘谢谢’。)”提到了向周边的人致意和表达感谢，D项中thank you是关键词，与下文的acknowledge和thank you呼应，所以D选项“Say thank you in public as much as possible.(尽可能在公共场合说谢谢。)”能概括下文内容，符合语境。故选D。 19．上文“This small act will help you become more comfortable interacting with others.(这个小小的举动将帮助你在与他人交往时变得更加自如。)”提到了向身边的人表达感谢的益处，E项中It是关键词，指代上文的This small act，所以E选项“It will probably make the other person’s day a little brighter.（这可能会让对方的一天变得更美好。)”承接上文，符合语境。故选E。 20．上文“After you become a bit more comfortable talking to people you know, try talking to new people as you go through your day.(当你和你认识的人交谈变得更加自如之后，在你的一天中试着和新的人交谈。)”提到了尝试去和新人交谈，空处和下文“But the more you approach people and get comfortable with making conversation, the easier it will become.(但是，你接触的人越多，越能自如地交谈，就会变得越容易。)”是转折关系，故空处是说一开始和陌生人交谈不太自如的情况，G项中strangers是关键词，与上文new people呼应，所以G选项“At first, you might feel uncomfortable talking with strangers.(一开始，你可能会觉得和陌生人说话不舒服。)”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。 E Writing poetry can seem frightening, especially if you do not feel you are naturally creative. But with the right inspiration and approach, you can also write a poem that you can be proud to share with others in class or with your friends. ◆Pick a specific theme or idea. The first step in any poetry creation is coming up with something to write about. You can start your poem by focusing on a specific theme or idea that you find fascinating. 21 ◆Choose a poetic form. Get your creative juices flowing by picking a form for your poem. There are many different poetic forms that you can use, from free verse to sonnet to rhyming couplet (押韵的对句). 22 Choose one poetic form and stick to that structure so your poem feels cohesive to your reader. ◆Use concrete imagery. 23 You should always try to describe something using the five senses: smell, taste, touch, sight, and sound. Using concrete imagery will immerse (使沉浸在) your reader in the world of your poem and make images come alive for them. ◆ 24 Literary devices like metaphor and simile add variety and depth to your poetry. Using these devices can make your poem stand out to your readers. Try to use literary devices throughout your poem, varying them so you do not use only metaphors or only similes in your writing. ◆Read the poem out loud. Once you have completed a draft of the poem, you should read it aloud to yourself. 25 Pay attention to how each line of your poem flows into the next. Keep a pen close by so you can mark any lines or words that sound awkward or jumbled. A．Use literary devices. B．Notice how the words sound to the ear. C．This can give your creation a clear goal. D．You may go for a poetic form that you find easy to use. E．If you want to write poetry, start by reading poetry. F．Avoid abstract imagery and go for concrete descriptions in your poem. G．You can also share your poem with other poets to get feedback from them. 【答案】21．C 22．D 23．F 24．A 25．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了写诗的几个方法。 21．上文“You can start your poem by focusing on a specific theme or idea that you find fascinating.(你可以以一个你觉得很吸引人的主题或想法开始你的诗歌)”提到以选定一个主题或者想法开始，C选项“这可以给你的诗一个明确的目标”说明了上文做法的好处，符合语境，故选C。 22．上文“There are many different poetic forms that you can use, from free verse to sonnet to rhyming couplet (押韵的对句).(你可以使用许多不同的诗歌形式，从自由诗到十四行诗再到押韵的对句)”提到几种诗歌形式，根据后文“Choose one poetic form and stick to that structure so your poem feels cohesive to your reader.(选择一种诗的形式，并坚持这种结构，这样你的诗就能让读者觉得有凝聚力)”可知，空处是在对诗歌形式的选择进行建议，D选项“你可以选择一种你觉得容易使用的诗歌形式”承上启下，D项中“a poetic form”对应后文中“one poetic form”。故选D。 23．根据本段主题句“Use concrete imagery.(使用具体的形象)”以及空后“You should always try to describe something using the five senses: smell, taste, touch, sight, and sound.(你应该试着用五种感官来描述事物：嗅觉、味觉、触觉、视觉和听觉)”可知，本段是建议使用具体的形象，F项“避免抽象的意象，在你的诗中使用具体的描述”符合语境，故选F。 24．根据本段内容“Literary devices like metaphor and simile add variety and depth to your poetry. Using these devices can make your poem stand out to your readers. Try to use literary devices throughout your poem, varying them so you do not use only metaphors or only similes in your writing.(像隐喻和明喻这样的文学手法为你的诗歌增添了多样性和深度。使用这些工具可以让你的诗在读者面前脱颖而出。试着在你的诗歌中使用各种文学手法，这样你就不会在写作中只使用隐喻或明喻)”可知，本段建议使用文学手法，A项“使用文学手法”符合语境，故选A。 25．上文“Once you have completed a draft of the poem, you should read it aloud to yourself.(一旦你完成了这首诗的草稿，你应该大声朗读给自己听)”提到大声朗读给自己听，结合后文“Pay attention to how each line of your poem flows into the next. Keep a pen close by so you can mark any lines or words that sound awkward or jumbled.(注意你的每一行诗是如何衔接到下一行的。在手边放一支笔，这样你就可以标记任何听起来别扭或混乱的一行或单词)”可知， B选项“注意这些单词听起来是怎样的”符合语境，和下文并列，都是描述如何听，故选B。 A （2024高一下·甘肃兰州·学业考试）Health Is Better Than Wealth It is widely known that health is of great significance. Leading a healthy life is crucial as being ill makes it hard to be happy. To enjoy a happy and healthy life, we should take the following steps. Firstly, we need to have breakfast every day and take in proper amounts of vitamins and minerals while reducing fat and cholesterol intake. 1 . Secondly, getting enough sleep is essential (本质的) as it is related to good health. Without sufficient sleep, our memory, learning and logical thinking will be negatively influenced. 2 . Thirdly, regular exercise is of utmost importance. It helps with weight control and maintaining healthy bones, muscles and joints, and also reduces the risk of certain diseases. 3 . Moreover, bodily hygiene matters. We should keep good dental hygiene by brushing our teeth morning and night, and visiting the dentist yearly for teeth cleaning. 4 . Last but not least, taking up a hobby is beneficial as hobbies are pleasant and relaxing activities that assist (帮助) people in living happier, healthier and recovering better from illness. 5 . In conclusion, by following these steps, we can lead a healthy life and stay away from diseases. A．And it can also enhance our immune system. B．It also helps to regulate our emotions. C．What’s more, it can improve our physical fitness. D．Then, we should ensure a proper diet. E．Also, it is very important to have a balanced diet. F．This is very important for our overall well-being. G．And proper sleep can make us more energetic. 【答案】1．E 2．G 3．C 4．F 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讨论了健康比财富更重要的观点，并提出了一些保持健康生活的建议。文章强调了健康对于幸福生活的重要性，并建议人们应该合理饮食、保证充足的睡眠、经常锻炼、注意个人卫生以及培养兴趣爱好，以此来维护身体健康，远离疾病。 1．根据前文“Firstly, we need to have breakfast every day and take in proper amounts of vitamins and minerals while reducing fat and cholesterol intake. (首先，我们需要每天吃早餐，摄入适量的维生素和矿物质，同时减少脂肪和胆固醇的摄入。)”可知，享受幸福和健康的生活，首先要注重的是健康饮食，即我们需要每天吃早餐，摄入适量的维生素和矿物质，同时减少脂肪和胆固醇的摄入。E选项“Also, it is very important to have a balanced diet.( 此外，有一个均衡的饮食是非常重要的。)”承接前文，指出均衡饮食的重要性，话题保持一致，符合语境。故选E。 2．根据前文“Without sufficient sleep, our memory, learning and logical thinking will be negatively influenced.(没有充足的睡眠，我们的记忆力、学习能力和逻辑思维都会受到负面影响。)”可知，此处强调充足睡眠的重要性。G选项“And proper sleep can make us more energetic.(适当的睡眠可以使我们更有活力。)”承接前文，指出适当的睡眠能够使我们有活力。故选G。 3．根据前文“Thirdly, regular exercise is of utmost importance. It helps with weight control and maintaining healthy bones, muscles and joints, and also reduces the risk of certain diseases.( 第三，经常锻炼是非常重要的。它有助于控制体重，保持骨骼、肌肉和关节的健康，还能降低患某些疾病的风险。)”可知，此处强调的是经常锻炼的重要性以及好处。C选项“What’s more, it can improve our physical fitness.(更重要的是，它可以提高我们的身体素质。)”承接前文，进行补充指出经常锻炼能够提高我们的身体素质。故选C。 4．根据前文“Moreover, bodily hygiene matters. We should keep good dental hygiene by brushing our teeth morning and night, and visiting the dentist yearly for teeth cleaning. (此外，身体卫生也很重要。我们应该保持良好的牙齿卫生，早晚刷牙，每年去看牙医清洁牙齿。)”可知，此处强调的是保持身体卫生的重要性。F选项“This is very important for our overall well-being.(这对我们的整体健康非常重要。)”承接上文，阐述身体卫生的重要性，选项中的代词this指代前文的“保持身体卫生”，符合语境。故选F。 5．根据前文“Last but not least, taking up a hobby is beneficial as hobbies are pleasant and relaxing activities that assist (帮助) people in living happier, healthier and recovering better from illness. (最后但同样重要的一点，培养一个爱好是有益的，因为爱好是愉快和放松的活动，帮助人们生活得更快乐，更健康，更好地从疾病中恢复。)”可知，此处强调的是培养爱好的重要性，能够帮助人们生活得更快乐更健康。B选项“It also helps to regulate our emotions.( 它还有助于调节我们的情绪。)”中的it指代前文的“taking up a hobby”，同时pleasant and relaxing activities 与后文的regulate our emotions相呼应，符合语境。故选B。 B （2023高二上·山西·学业考试）Friendship makes life more enjoyable and colorful. Here are some tips for you to make friends. Make yourself available. Put yourself out there somehow in order to meet people. If you’re still in school, sit somewhere with two other people. If you see opportunities to meet new people, take them. 6 7 Be open to trying new activities to meet people around you who have common interests. For example, if you love books and want to meet like-minded friends, join a book club. People who have a passion (激情) for books will end up meeting people with the same interest. Talk to others actively. 8 You can start talking to people by simply greeting them with a “Good morning, how are you?” as you pass them by. 9 You can talk to anybody: the person sitting next to you in public, or the person in front of you in the lunch line. Use social media wisely. 10 Social media has given us the amazing ability to connect with people on the Internet and turn them into friends. Using social media like Facebook may be a perfect way to meet people who share the same interest as you. A．Don’t be too picky. B．Meet new people nearby. C．We live in a digital world. D．Follow people and have fun. E．If someone invites you to a party, go for it. F．We shouldn’t make friends on the Internet. G．If you don’t actually talk to people, you still won’t make friends. 【答案】6．E 7．B 8．G 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文是说明文。讲述了关于交友的四条建议。 6．根据本段的主题句“Make yourself available.(要让别人接触到你)”及上文“If you’re still in school, sit somewhere with two other people. If you see opportunities to meet new people, take them. (如果你还在上学，和另外两个人坐在一起。如果你看到结识新朋友的机会，就抓住它们。)”可知，本空要说跟“让别人接触到你”有关的话题，E项“If someone invites you to a party, go for it. (如果有人邀请你去参加舞会，那就去吧)”，这是“Make yourself available.”的一个途径。故选E项。 7．根据下文“Be open to trying new activities to meet people around you who have common interests. (要乐于尝试新的活动，认识你周围有共同兴趣的人。)”可知，本段的主题是“接近周围有共同兴趣的人”。B项“Meet new people nearby. (在附近结识新朋友。)”符合题意，适合作本题主题句，故选B项。 8．根据该段的主题句“Talk to others actively. (主动和别人交谈)”可知，本空要说跟“主动和别人交谈”有关的话题，G项“If you don’t actually talk to people, you still won’t make friends. (如果你不去和别人交流，你依然交不到朋友)”符合本段主旨。故选G项。 9．根据下文“You can talk to anybody: the person sitting next to you in public, or the person in front of you in the lunch line. (你可以和任何人交谈：在公共场合坐在你旁边的人，或者在午餐排队时排在你前面的人。)”可知，可以和任何人交谈，不要太挑剔。A项“Don’t be too picky. (你不要太挑剔)”能引起下文。故选A项。 10．本段的主旨句“Use social media wisely. (智慧使用社交媒体)”，且根据该空后的关键信息“Social media (社会媒体)”可知，本空要说跟“社会媒体”有关的话题，C项“We live in a digital world.(我们生活在一个数字世界。)”符合本段主旨。故选C项。 C （2022高二·福建·学业考试）One of the most important keys is making sure that kids are getting the message you're trying to send. When you communicate with kids, sometimes the way instructions (指令) are given can be just as important as what you're trying to communicate. 11 Be direct. Make statements rather than asking questions. “Please turn right,” as opposed to “Are you ready to get out your homework?” 12 Give instructions when you are near the child, rather than calling out from across the room. Use clear and specific commands (命令). Instead of “Go ahead,” say, “Please turn right at the second crossing. ” Give instructions one at a time. 13 “Please put on your coat, get your lunch off the kitchen counter, and meet me in the front door.” Keep explanations easy. Giving a rationale (根本原因) can increase the likelihood children will listen to a command. For example, “Go get your coat on because it's raining. 14 ” Instead, try: “It’s raining and I don’t want you to catch a cold. Go get your coat on. Give kids time to process. After you give an instruction, wait a few seconds, without repeating what you said. They don't need to listen. 15 Watching and waiting also helps keep adults from doing what we’ve requested of our kids for them. A．Be close. B．Don't give them one by one. C．I don't want you to catch a cold. D．Do shout out as loudly as possible. E．Try to avoid giving instructions all together. F．This is because the instructions will be repeated. G．Here are the practical ways to present information to the kids 【答案】11．G 12．A 13．E 14．C 15．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几种向孩子有效地传达信息的方法和建议。 11．根据上文“When you communicate with kids, sometimes the way instructions (指令) are given can be just as important as what you're trying to communicate.”（当你和孩子交流时，有时候给出指示的方式和你想要传达的内容一样重要。）引出话题，提到向孩子传达信息，以及下文具体的介绍一些建议和方法，可推知，空格处内容应为有一些向孩子们展示信息的实用方法。结合选项G项Here are the practical ways to present information to the kids.（以下是向孩子们展示信息的实用方法。）符合此推断，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 12．由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“Give instructions when you are near the child, rather than calling out from across the room.”（当你靠近孩子的时候，要给予指示，而不是在房间的另一头大声喊叫。）可知，讲的是靠近孩子给予指示。结合选项A项Be close.（保持亲近。）意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选A项。 13．根据上文“Give instructions one at a time.”（每次只给一个指示。）提到每次只给一个指示。以及下文““Please put on your coat, get your lunch off the kitchen counter, and meet me in the front door.””（“请穿上外套，把你的午餐从厨房柜台上拿下来，然后在前门等我。”）为具体解释一个指示的例子。由此可推知，空格处内容应为不要给太多的指示，每次只给一个指示。结合选E项Try to avoid giving instructions all together.（尽量避免一起下达指令。）符合此推断，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 14．根据下文“Instead, try: “It’s raining and I don’t want you to catch a cold. Go get your coat on.”（相反，你可以说：“下雨了，我不想让你感冒。”去把外套穿上。）可知，提到相反例子的表达方式，由此可知，空格处内容应该与此意义保持一致。结合上文内容可知，空格处内容缺少的是“我不想让你感冒”。结合选项C项I don't want you to catch a cold.（我不想让你感冒。）符合此推断，和下文例子形成对比关系。故选C项。 15．根据上文“After you give an instruction, wait a few seconds, without repeating what you said.   They don't need to listen.”（在你给出指示后，等几秒钟，不要重复你说的话。他们不需要听。）提到给出指示后不要重复你说的话，由此可推知，空格处应该为解释该做法的原因。结合选项F项This is because the instructions will be repeated.（这是因为指令会被重复。）符合此推断，承接上文内容，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 D （2024高一下·广东佛山·学业考试）Do Animals Have Friends? When you see little animals playing together around a tree, or a cat and dog sleeping together in the living room, do you ever think — are they friends? One expert, Mike, believes that many animals do have friends. If they’re in the same group, they greet one another, travel together, play together and even share food with each other. 16 Playing together helps animals keep them close to the group. Wild dogs who don’t play much are more likely to leave the group on their own. 17 If an animal has a special friend, both friends benefit by having someone to watch out for them. In the case of a young rhino (犀牛) going on its first journey, it may look for an older travel friend. 18 Sharing is another important part of friendship. For all animals, finding food is a matter of life and death. For some bats in Central and South America, if they don’t get a blood meal every three days, they die of hunger. 19 If a bat doesn’t find food, a full bat will throw up some blood from its stomach into the mouth of the hungry friend. But sometimes members of a group also compete for food and mates, which can lead to fights. So making up after fights is a key skill. Sometimes after two male monkeys have a fight, they will sit apart, avoiding each other. 20 An older female monkey may need to step in to play peace-maker. She will walk up to one of them, kiss or touch him, then slowly walk toward the other. Then she sits close to the second male. Both start grooming (梳毛) her. When she leaves, they continue to groom each other, as if to say, “We’re cool now.” A．Each wants the other to make the first move. B．Young animals often team up for protection. C．But hungry bats don’t need to worry if they have friends. D．And leaving the protection of the group can be dangerous. E．These friendly behaviors can be important for an animal to survive. F．The friend helps to find food and water, and avoid dangerous animals. G．Bats take blood from sleeping animals, but they are surprisingly good friends. 【答案】16．E 17．D 18．F 19．C 20．A 【导语】本文是一篇关于动物之间友谊的说明文。文章通过专家Mike的观点和具体的例子，探讨了动物之间是否存在朋友关系，以及这种关系如何影响它们的生存和行为。 16．上文“If they’re in the same group, they greet one another, travel together, play together and even share food with each other.(如果它们在同一个群体中，它们会相互问候，一起旅行，一起玩耍，甚至分享食物。)”提到动物的一些互动行为，结合下文“ Playing together helps animals keep them close to the group.(一起玩耍有助于动物们与群体保持亲密关系)”可知，下文是描述这些行为的好处，选项E“这些友好行为对于动物的生存很重要”承上启下，符合语境。因此，正确选项是E。 17．上文提到“Wild dogs who don’t play much are more likely to leave the group on their own (不经常玩耍的野狗更有可能独自离开群体。)”，说明不经常玩耍的野狗更可能独自离开群体。选项D“离开群体的保护可能是危险的”与上文的语境相吻合，强调了群体保护的重要性。因此，正确选项是D。 18．上文提到“If an animal has a special friend, both friends benefit by having someone to watch out for them (如果一个动物有一个特别的朋友，那么两个朋友都会因为有人照看而受益。)”，说明拥有特殊朋友可以为彼此提供保护。选项F“这个朋友会帮助寻找食物和水，避免危险的动物”与上文的语境相吻合，强调了朋友在生存中的互助作用。因此，正确选项是F。 19．上文提到“For some bats in Central and South America, if they don’t get a blood meal every three days, they die of hunger (对于中美洲和南美洲的一些蝙蝠来说，如果它们每三天没有一顿血液食物，它们就会饿死。)”，说明某些蝙蝠如果每三天没有血液食物就会饿死，下文“If a bat doesn’t find food, a full bat will throw up some blood from its stomach into the mouth of the hungry friend.(如果一只蝙蝠找不到食物，一只吃饱了的蝙蝠会从胃里吐出一些血到饥饿的朋友嘴里)”提到朋友会提供帮助，选项C“如果它们有朋友，饥饿的蝙蝠就不需要担心。”与上文的语境相吻合，引起下文，强调了朋友在食物共享中的作用。因此，正确选项是C。 20．上文提到“Sometimes after two male monkeys have a fight, they will sit apart, avoiding each other (有时两只雄性猴子打斗后，它们会分开坐，避开彼此。)”，选项A“每个人都希望对方先采取行动”与上文的语境相吻合，each指代的就是上文中的猴子，描述了猴子在打架后的行为和心理状态。因此，正确选项是A。 E （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）Social media offer great ways to socialize and connect with friends and others who share similar interests. 21 . And if you haven’t met the person in real life, it’s hard to know their true identity or their real intentions. Here are some steps you can take to protect yourself online. 22 . When was the last time you Googled yourself? Doing so regularly is a good way to see what kinds of information about you-or images and videos of you — are publicly available. You can also set up a Google Alert (谷歌快讯) for yourself so you’ll be told whenever a new item about you is posted online. Be careful when you check in or share your location. When checking in somewhere or sharing your location, be aware that you’re actually sharing your whereabouts (行踪) with everyone who has access to what you post. 23 . Don’t share personal information online. Regardless of what kind of social media you’re on, don’t share personal information like your phone number, home address, email address or student ID number. 24 . Make sure you know who you’re sharing it with and why they need the information. 25 . We all have too many passwords, but it’s important to ensure that all your passwords are different. A good password should contain a few capital letters, numbers and a symbol. Don’t share your passwords and be sure to change them regularly. A．Be aware of what’s public B．Keep an eye on your passwords C．If you need to share that information, do it privately D．However, it’s easy to hide or change one’s identity on any of these social media E．You’re announcing where you are to your friends, but also, possibly to strangers 【答案】21．D 22．A 23．E 24．C 25．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何在使用社交媒体的过程中保护自身安全。 21．上文“Social media offer great ways to socialize and connect with friends and others who share similar interests.(社交媒体提供了很好的社交方式，可以与朋友和其他有相似兴趣的人联系)”提到社交媒体是社交和联系朋友的好方式，讲社交媒体的优点，而下文“And if you haven’t met the person in real life, it’s hard to know their true identity or their real intentions.(如果你没有在现实生活中见过这个人，就很难知道他们的真实身份或真实意图)”却说如果在现实生活中没有见过这个人，就很难知道他们的真实身份或真实意图，讲社交媒体的问题，上下文语意有转折关系。D选项“然而，在这些社交媒体上很容易隐藏或改变一个人的身份”承上启下，既承接了上文提到的社交媒体的好处，又引出了下文关于身份隐藏或改变的问题，使上下文语意连贯。故选D项。 22．根据下文“When was the last time you Googled yourself? Doing so regularly is a good way to see what kinds of information about you — or images and videos of you — are publicly available. You can also set up a Google Alert (谷歌快讯) for yourself so you’ll be told whenever a new item about you is posted online.(你最后一次用谷歌搜索自己是什么时候?定期这样做是一个很好的方法，看看关于你的哪些信息——或者你的图片和视频——是公开的。你也可以为自己设置一个Google Alert，这样每当网上有关于你的新消息发布时，你就会收到通知)”可知，本段主要讲的是要如何关注自己的公开信息。因此，A选项“意识到什么是公开的”作为该段的主题句，概括了该段的主要内容。故选A项。 23．上文“When checking in somewhere or sharing your location, be aware that you’re actually sharing your whereabouts (行踪) with everyone who has access to what you post. (当你在某个地方签到或分享你的位置时，要意识到你实际上是在与每个可以访问你发布的内容的人分享你的位置)”提到签到或分享位置实际上是在与所有能访问你发布内容的人分享你的行踪。E选项“你是在向你的朋友公布你的位置，但也可能是在向陌生人宣布”承接上文，对签到或分享位置这一行为的结果进行进一步解释和说明，句中“your friends”和“strangers” 与上文“everyone who has access to what you post”相照应，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 24．上文“Don’t share personal information online. Regardless of what kind of social media you’re on, don’t share personal information like your phone number, home address, email address or student ID number.(不要在网上分享个人信息。无论你在哪种社交媒体上，都不要分享你的个人信息，比如电话号码、家庭住址、电子邮件地址或学生证号码)”提醒不要在网上分享任何个人信息，C选项“如果你需要分享这些信息，请私下进行”作为对上文的补充说明，提出了一个具体的建议来保护个人信息，句中“that information”指代上文中“personal information like your phone number, home address, email address or student ID number”，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。 25．下文“We all have too many passwords, but it’s important to ensure that all your passwords are different. A good password should contain a few capital letters, numbers and a symbol. Don’t share your passwords and be sure to change them regularly.(我们都有太多的密码，但重要的是要确保所有的密码都是不同的。一个好的密码应该包含几个大写字母、数字和一个符号。不要分享你的密码，并确保定期更换密码)”提到确保所有密码都不相同很重要。B选项“注意你的密码”作为该段的主题句，概括了该段的主要内容，即关于密码的安全问题，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。 F （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）Here are five habits to help you enjoy a longer and better life. Reduce stress. 26 . Too much or long-term stress, however, can have a negative effect on your health. While no one has a stress-free life, there are steps you can take to manage your response to stress. Eat better. You don’t have to adopt some crazy diet or give up all sweets. 27 . You can also eat more whole foods. 28 . When you feel good, it’s easy to avoid going to the doctor. No matter how you feel, though, it’s a good idea to visit your doctor for an annual check-up. The doctor will most likely check your blood pressure. Depending on your age and family history, the doctor may recommend certain tests. Keep moving. Exercise lowers blood pressure, and improves mood. Some research also says it has the power to keep us young. You don’t have to take up running marathons. 29 . Connect with friends. 30 . Steps to build a social network include getting involved with joining a cause or volunteering for an organization. A．Check with your doctor B．Everyone experiences stress C．Simply said, we are better together D．Just work more movement into your day E．Instead, try to eat a few more vegetables and fruits 【答案】26．B 27．E 28．A 29．D 30．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了五种可以帮助你生活得更好的习惯。 26．根据段首标题“Reduce stress.(减轻压力)”和下文“Too much or long-term stress, however, can have a negative effect on your health. (然而，过多或长期的压力会对你的健康产生负面影响)”可知本段主题与压力相关。结合选项，B选项“Everyone experiences stress(每个人都有压力)”与主题相符，且与下文构成转折关系，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。 27．上文“You don’t have to adopt some crazy diet or give up all sweets. (你不必采取一些极端的饮食或放弃所有的甜食)”指出不需要采取极端的饮食或完全放弃甜食。下文说“You can also eat more whole foods.(你也可以多吃天然食品)”建议多吃天然食品。E选项“Instead, try to eat a few more vegetables and fruits(相反，试着多吃一些蔬菜和水果)”承上启下，既承接了上文不需要极端饮食的话题，又引出了下文可以多吃天然食品(包括蔬菜和水果)的建议，使得上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 28．设空处是段首标题句。根据下文“When you feel good, it’s easy to avoid going to the doctor. No matter how you feel, though, it’s a good idea to visit your doctor for an annual check-up. (当你感觉良好时，很容易避免去看医生。不管你感觉如何，去看医生做年度检查都是一个好主意)”建议每年去看医生进行检查。A选项“Check with your doctor(找医生检查)”是本段内容的概括。故选A项。 29．上文“Exercise lowers blood pressure, and improves mood. Some research also says it has the power to keep us young. You don’t have to take up running marathons.(锻炼可以降低血压，改善情绪。一些研究还表明，它有让我们保持年轻的力量。你不必去跑马拉松)”建议我们锻炼，但不需要去跑马拉松。D选项“Just work more movement into your day(只需要每天多做些运动)”承接了上文不需要参加马拉松之类高强度运动的话题，也对如何恰当锻炼提出建议，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。 30．段首标题“Connect with friends. (联络朋友)”提出要与朋友保持联系。C选项“Simply said, we are better together (简单地说，朋友在一起会更好)”解释要与朋友保持联系的原因，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。 G （2023高二下·辽宁·学业考试）Don’t get me wrong-I love my parents very much. I know they love me too and would do anything to help me but sometimes they can be really embarrassing. Dad wanting to pick me up from school, Mum getting overexcited when she watches me playing football for the school team. 31 . My friends all complain about theirs from time to time. It seems a few cruel parents want to see their kids suffer on purpose, but others are just trying to be cool and fit in with our friends. There’s not really much we can do about it, or is there? Here are a few tips I’ve come up with to make life just a little easier for all of us. Choose the behaviour you find most embarrassing 32 . And then put them in order. Is the fact that your dad sings along to the radio when your friends are over for dinner worse than the fact that he always calls your best friend by the wrong name? By deciding which ones are worse means you’ll be free to focus your energy where you need it most. 33 When you’ve decided which issues you want to talk about, keep a diary of all the times your mum or dad do the things that embarrass you most. When, where and how you felt - make a note of all these things. They’ll help you put your case across. Have a family meeting It’s time for a little face-to-face chat.The chances are that even if your parents are aware of doing these things, they prob-ably don’t realize how embarrassing they are. Keep calm. 34 . Let them have their say — they’ll probably want to defend themselves. Of course, you’ll also have to be prepared to listen to some of the things that they don’t like about you. It’s part of the deal. Try and be more understanding Hopefully your parents will listen and be willing to change their ways, especially if you say you’re happy to change too. Of course, sometimes they might not. Re-member that they once had their own embarrassing parents, and the chances are many of us will be embarrassing parents ourselves one day. 35 . A．Discuss the issues B．Collect the evidence C．And I know it’s not just me D．Let them know how you feel and why E．Maybe we shouldn’t be too hard on them F．Write down the things that you feel happy G．Write a list of all the things you find embarrassing 【答案】31．C 32．G 33．B 34．D 35．E 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种有助于避免父母让我们感到尴尬的方法，让我们的生活变得容易一点。 31．根据上一句“Dad wanting to pick me up from school, Mum getting overexcited when she watches me playing football for the school team.”（爸爸想开车去学校接我，妈妈看我为校队踢足球时过于兴奋。）和前文的“but they can be really embarrassing.”（但他们可能真的让人尴尬。）可知，作者在抱怨自己的父母有时令人很尴尬；结合下一句“My friends all complain about theirs from time to time.”（我的朋友们都时不时地抱怨他们的父母。）可知，不只作者抱怨自己的父母，他的朋友也都在抱怨，故选项C. And I know it’s not just me.（我知道不只是我一个人。）提出了不只作者自己如此，故承上启下，符合语境。故选C。 32．根据下一句“And then put them in order.”（然后把它们按顺序排列。），选项G. Write a list of all the things you find embarrassing.（写下所有你觉得让人尴尬的事情。）中的“all the things”与下一句的“them”相对应，且与本段主题句“Choose the behaviour you find most embarrassing”（选择你觉得最令人尴尬的行为）意思相符，呼应主题。故选G。 33．空处为本段主题句。根据下文“When you’ve decided which issues you want to talk about, keep a diary of all the times your mum or dad do the things that embarrass you most. When, where and how you felt - make a note of all these things. They’ll help you put your case across.”（当你决定要谈论哪些问题时，把你妈妈或爸爸做的最让你尴尬的事情都记下来。你的时间、地点和感觉——把所有这些都记下来，他们会帮你解释清楚。）可知，该段是建议人们记录下父母让你尴尬的事情和相关细节，作为日后把事情说清楚的证据；故选项B. Collect the evidence（收集证据）概括了本段大意，可作主题句。故选B。 34．根据前文“they prob-ably don’t realize how embarrassing they are.”（他们可能没有意识到自己有多令人尴尬。）和空前的“Keep calm.”（保持冷静）可知，空处应该是在与家长面对面交流时，应该怎样做，才能让家长意识到自己的行为有多么令人尴尬；选项D. Let them know how you feel and why.（让他们知道你的感受和原因。）提出了具体的做法，要说出自己的感受和原因，让家长知道，承接上文，语意合理；结合下一句“Let them have their say— they’ll probably want to defend themselves.”（让他们有发言权——他们可能会想要为自己辩护。）可知，在说出自己的感受后，也要让父母有说话辩解的机会，衔接下文，符合语境。故选D。 35．根据上一句“Re-member that they once had their own embarrassing parents, and the chances are many of us will be embarrassing parents ourselves one day.”（记住，他们曾经也有过令人尴尬的父母，而我们中的许多人很可能有一天也会成为令人尴尬的父母。）可知，我们和父母一样都有可能成为令人尴尬的父母，选项E. Maybe we shouldn’t be too hard on them.（也许我们不该对他们太苛刻。）进一步提出了我们应该对父母多一份理解和包容，不要过于苛责，与本段主题句“Try and be more understanding”（试着多理解一些）意思相符，呼应主题。故选E。 H （2023高二·湖北·学业考试）Everyone loves travelling, right? Unfortunately, money can sometimes be a problem. Here are some tips for gaining better travel experience, regardless of your bank savings! Tip 1: Decide where you’ll go based on your budget. The cost of your trip can depend greatly on where you want to go. 36 . For example, countries like France and the UK can be pretty expensive to visit. By contrast, Eastern Europe and Southeast Asia are cheaper and still offer great cultural experiences. Tip 2: 37 . Yes, everyone loves the luxury of a five star hotel. But sadly, in a lot of places, this is just not realistic for those on a budget. That’s why whenever I travel to countries which are expensive, I choose to stay in hostels or campsites. Hostels are a sure way to meet potential travelling companions while also saving money. 38 . Tip 3: Don’t always rely on restaurants. Another advantage of staying in hostels(招待所)is that you will always have access to a kitchen. Eating in a restaurant can be very expensive, 39 . Many cities have markets where you can buy fresh food and vegetables on the cheap, and you can even try to make the popular food of the country. So you see, if you come prepared, you can easily travel the world, 40 . A．Choose hostels and campsites B．no matter what your budget is C．so you can easily save by cooking your own meals D．So, knowing the average costs in a country can help you plan your trip E．Camping is also a great choice for budget accommodation, especially if you enjoy the outdoors 【答案】36．D 37．A 38．E 39．C 40．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了预算紧张，但是又想出去旅游的三个小窍门。 36．根据上文“The cost of your trip can depend greatly on where you want to go.(你旅行的费用很大程度上取决于你要去哪里)”可知空处应与谈论费用有关，与D项“So, knowing the average costs in a country can help you plan your trip.(因此，了解一个国家的平均费用可以帮助您计划旅行。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选D项。 37．根据下文“That’s why whenever I travel to countries which are expensive, I choose to stay in hostels or campsites. (这就是为什么每当我去昂贵的国家旅行时，我都会选择住在旅馆或露营地。)”可知，本段与hotel和campsites有关，与A项“Choose hostels and campsites(选择旅馆和露营地)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选A项。 38．根据上文“That’s why whenever I travel to countries which are expensive, I choose to stay in hostels or campsites. (这就是为什么每当我去昂贵的国家旅行时，我都会选择住在旅馆或露营地。)”可知，本段与hotel和campsites有关，描述完hotel之后应该要提到campsites有关的内容，与E项“Camping is also a great choice for budget accommodation, especially if you enjoy the outdoors(露营也是经济型住宿的绝佳选择，特别是如果您喜欢户外活动)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选E项。 39．根据小标题“Tip 3: Don’t always rely on restaurants.(技巧3：不要总是依赖餐馆。)”可知，在餐馆吃饭会很贵，可以通过自己做饭来节省，与C项“so you can easily save by cooking your own meals(这样你就可以通过自己做饭来轻松节省)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选C项。 40．根据全文及上文“So you see, if you come prepared, you can easily travel the world, (所以你看，如果你有备而来，你可以轻松地环游世界，)”可知，空处呼应第一段并总结全文：不管你越算多少，只要你做好准备就可以轻松的周游世界，与B项“no matter what your budget is(无论您的预算是多少)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选B项。 I （2023高三·海南·学业考试）Critical thinking is the ability to think clearly and rationally (理性地). To think critically is to reflect on things in an independent manner. 41 A critical thinker is able to deduce conclusions from what he or she already knows, use existing knowledge to reach conclusions, and identify relevant sources of information to extend existing knowledge. Here are some things you can do to enhance your critical thinking. Clarify your thinking. Don’t be satisfied with a vague or fuzzy understanding of things. Don’t take things at face value. Seek the real meaning of things by looking at not just the surface, but below the surface as well. Stick to the point when you are thinking something through. Don’t jump about without any logical connections between your thoughts. 42 Keep an open mind. You will not be able to think critically if you approach things with a rigid set of opinions and attitudes that are not open to discussion. 43 Keep judgment about things until you are certain you have enough information with which to make an informed judgment. This is another way of saying “don’t jump to conclusions.”       44 Learn about things you don’t know much about and explore new ways of looking at and doing things. Don’t let your emotions get in the way of your thinking. 45 You will do your clearest thinking when you are calm and in control. Be a good listener. The better you listen, the more correct information you will have, and the better decisions you will make. A．Be intellectually curious. B．Do not rush to judgment. C．Stay focused on what is relevant. D．Judge things according to your personal standards. E．Think critically, and you will be all that you can be. F．It’s difficult to think critically when you are angry or upset. G．Critical thinking becomes increasingly important as you progress through school. 【答案】41．G 42．C 43．B 44．A 45．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何培养批判性思维。 41．根据下文“A critical thinker is able to deduce conclusions from what he or she already knows, use existing knowledge to reach conclusions, and identify relevant sources of information to extend existing knowledge.(批判性思考者能够从他或她已经知道的东西中推断出结论，利用现有的知识得出结论，并识别相关的信息来源来扩展现有的知识)”可知，批判性思维是很重要的。由此可知，G选项“Critical thinking becomes increasingly important as you progress through school.(随着你在学校的进步，批判性思维变得越来越重要)”能够承接上文，强调了批判性思维的重要性，同时为下文介绍培养批判性思维的方法做好铺垫，符合语境。故选G。 42．根据上文“Stick to the point when you are thinking something through. Don’t jump about without any logical connections between your thoughts.(当你想清楚某件事的时候，要抓住重点。不要在没有任何逻辑联系的情况下跳来跳去)”可知，要专心于重点。由此可知，C选项“Stay focused on what is relevant.(专注于相关的内容)”能够承接上文，说明了要专注于重点，符合语境。故选C。 43．根据下文“Keep judgment about things until you are certain you have enough information with which to make an informed judgment. This is another way of saying “don’t jump to conclusions.”(保持对事物的判断，直到你确定你有足够的信息来做出明智的判断。这是“不要妄下结论”的另一种说法)”可知，不能妄下结论。由此可知，B选项“Do not rush to judgment.(不要急于下结论)”能够引起下文，说明了不要妄下结论，符合语境。故选B。 44．空格处是本段主题句，根据下文“Learn about things you don’t know much about and explore new ways of looking at and doing things.(学习你不太了解的事情，探索看待和做事的新方法)”可知，我们要对未知的事情保持好奇。由此可知，A选项“Be intellectually curious.(保持求知欲)”说明了要对未知的事情保持好奇，能够概括了本段内容，可作主题句。故选A。 45．根据上文“Don’t let your emotions get in the way of your thinking.(不要让你的情绪影响你的思考)”可知，不要让情绪影响思考，空格处应该说为什么。由此可知，F选项“It’s difficult to think critically when you are angry or upset.(当你生气或沮丧时，很难进行批判性思考)”能够承接上文，说明了生气或或沮丧时，很难进行批判性思考，解释了为什么不要让情绪影响思考，符合语境。故选F。 J （2024高三下·海南省直辖县级单位·学业考试）When it comes to happiness, our present selves habitually get deprived (剥夺). 46 In the middle of a busy workday, you think, “I’ll be happy when I get this done.” When you get the task done, you think, “I’ll be happy when I’m on vacation…” When we are doing these, it’s as if we put true happiness in a package addressed to us at some future time when circumstances will be just right for it to happen. Yet, the package keeps getting lost. 47 What causes this? How can we avoid this result? We should know the reason why we make such choices and why our future selves seem like strangers to us is partially due to the abstractness of tomorrow. The solution is to make the future more vivid and create an emotional connection between the present and future selves. Here are several ways to strengthen the connection. 48 Write a letter to your future self and send back a reply. Then you may gain insights into your future self’s needs that would get you to take helpful action now. Visualize the best version of yourself. 49 Importantly, focus on the contrast between now and later. What are the barriers that stand in the way of turning into that ideal future later? Once you recognize them, you could start working on them now. Imagine yourself in old age. Looking back at now, what do you wish you would have done more or differently with your time? 50 And how can you prioritize the future now, so that when you look back on it later, you think of it fondly? Once you do such things, you will make choices that will benefit both your present self and future self. A．Start a conversation between the selves. B．What will your future self thank you for? C．We often put feeling happy to the future us. D．Learn to communicate with others through letters. E．What impression did you leave on those around you? F．This can make what you do today for the future more worthwhile. G．As a result, we are left without enjoyment of the moment in front of us. 【答案】46．C 47．G 48．A 49．F 50．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何避免将幸福寄托在未来。 46．空前“When it comes to happiness, our present selves habitually get deprived (剥夺).(当谈到快乐，我们现在的自我习惯性地被剥夺。)”说明我们现在的自我被剥夺了，空格后“In the middle of a busy workday, you think, “I’ll be happy when I get this done.” When you get the task done, you think, “I’ll be happy when I’m on vacation…”(在忙碌的工作日中，你会想：“做完这件事我就高兴了。”当你完成任务时，你会想：“当我去度假的时候我会很开心……”)”表明我们会把快乐的事情往将来推，C选项“We often put feeling happy to the future us.(我们常常把感觉快乐寄托给未来的我们。)”说明了我们把快乐寄托在将来，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。 47．空前“When we are doing these, it’s as if we put true happiness in a package addressed to us at some future time when circumstances will be just right for it to happen. Yet, the package keeps getting lost.(当我们这样做的时候，就好像我们把真正的快乐放在一个包裹里，在未来的某个时候，当情况正好适合它发生的时候。然而，包裹不断丢失。)”描述了一个情境，就是我们把快乐好像放在一个包裹里，将来某一天却发现，包裹丢失了，空格处应该说这会导致一个什么结果，G选项“As a result, we are left without enjoyment of the moment in front of us.(因此，我们无法享受眼前的这一刻。)”说明了把快乐放在包裹里所导致的结果，就是我们无法享受眼前的这一刻，因此G选项承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 48．空格处是本段主题句，由空后的“Write a letter to your future self and send back a reply.(给未来的自己写封信，然后给他回信。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要让现在的自己和未来的自己对话，A选项“Start a conversation between the selves.(开始自我之间的对话。)”说明了要在现在和未来的自己之间对话，因此概括了本段内容，可作为本段主题句，故选A。 49．空前“Visualize the best version of yourself.(想象最好的自己。)”说明要想象最好的自己，空格处应该说这样做的好处，F选项“This can make what you do today for the future more worthwhile.(这会让你今天为未来所做的事情更有价值。)”中的This指代的是前面的“Visualize the best version of yourself(想象最好的自己)”，说明了想象最好的自己的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。 50．空前“Imagine yourself in old age. Looking back at now, what do you wish you would have done more or differently with your time?(想象你自己老了。现在回想起来，你希望你能在你的时间里做更多或不同的事情吗？)”说明了在想象自己老了的时候会想到的一些问自己的问题，空后“And how can you prioritize the future now, so that when you look back on it later, you think of it fondly?(现在你怎样才能优先考虑未来，这样当你以后回顾它的时候，你就会深情地想起它？)”也是一个问题，空格处也应该是一个问题，B选项“What will your future self thank you for?(未来的自己会因为什么感谢你？)”提出的是一个老了以后会问自己的问题，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。 K （2024高三下·海南·学业考试）Many people changed residences and are eager to get familiar with their new neighbors. Here’s a quick refresher on making the most of neighborhood relationships. Begin at the beginning. Building good neighborly relationships starts when you or someone else moves into the area. If a new neighbor moves in, be proactive (主动的) and welcome them to the neighborhood. 51 . Consider taking a plate of cookies or a small housewarming gift. Share your contact information and offer to answer any questions they may have about the community, including your favorite restaurants or the best local service providers. 52 . Don’t create things that are unpleasant to look at or allow your property’s condition to affect the value of neighboring homes adversely (不利地). Being kind to those around you includes keeping your yard tidy, removing snow from your sidewalks, and collecting trash and recycling bins after the truck has passed. Be inclusive. If you are hosting a large party, consider extending invitations to your neighbors. During the holiday season, remember the people next door with a card, a homemade goodie, or an offer of assistance. Give without expectations. 53 . Allow people to be human. 54 , and it’s impossible to know what others are going through. Don’t be too quick to assume a sligh (轻蔑) is personal or intended. Accept it. If you have tried your best to resolve a conflict without success, let it go. Sadly, some people won’t like you whatever you do. And you aren’t going to enjoy some people. 55 . Be pleasant anyway, and be thankful that you get to live your life and they get to live theirs. A．Maintain your space B．Be the first to stop by and say hello C．It’s easier to accept it and move on D．Everyone has a bad day now and then E．Take steps to ensure it won’t happen again F．Let others know you are thinking of them G．Some neighbors are more easygoing than others 【答案】51．B 52．A 53．F 54．D 55．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。和睦的邻里关系是人们幸福生活的一个重要方面。文章主要介绍了当有人乔迁新居时，我们该如何与新邻居相处。 51．上文“If a new neighbor moves in, be proactive (主动的) and welcome them to the neighborhood. (如果有新邻居搬进来，要积极主动地欢迎他们来到附近)”指出新邻居搬来，要积极主动欢迎他们到来，空处承接上文，指出具体该如何做，B项“成为第一个过来打招呼的人”符合语境。故选B。 52．此处是本段主题句。根据下文“Don’t create things that are unpleasant to look at or allow your property’s condition to affect the value of neighboring homes adversely (不利地). Being kind to those around you includes keeping your yard tidy, removing snow from your sidewalks, and collecting trash and recycling bins after the truck has passed.(不要制造一些难看的东西，或者让你的财产的状况对邻近房屋的价值产生不利的影响。善待周围的人包括保持院子整洁、清除人行道上的积雪以及在卡车经过后收集垃圾和回收箱)”可知，本段主要介绍要使自己的居住空间保持清洁，A项“维护你的居住空间”能概括本段内容。故选A。 53．上文“During the holiday season, remember the people next door with a card, a homemade goodie, or an offer of assistance. Give without expectations (在节日期间，用卡片、自制的礼物或提供帮助来纪念隔壁的人。不带任何条件或期望地给予)”指出要在节日期间给邻居送一些礼物，空处承接上文，指出这么做的好处，F项“让别人知道你在想着他们”符合语境。故选F。 54．根据下文“and it’s impossible to know what others are going through.(并且不可能知道其他人正在经历什么)”中的and可知，空处与下文是并列关系，D项“每个人都会时不时地度过糟糕的一天”符合语境，和下文都是指出人们都会有些不高兴的时刻，所以要理解别人。故选D。 55．上文“Sadly, some people won’t like you whatever you do. And you aren’t going to enjoy some people.(可悲的是，无论你做什么，有些人都不会喜欢你。你不会喜欢某些人)”指出有时候你很难取悦某人，空处承接上文，指出这种情况我们该如何做，C项“你要更容易接受并坦然处之”符合语境。故选C。 L （2024高三下·海南·学业考试）Change can be hard. It means a lack of certainty and predictability. 56 Here are some tips to give your teen to help them cope with change in a healthy way. 57 Many times, our first response to change is to either deny it, fight it, or run away from it. Unfortunately, none of these strategies help us cope with change successfully. Most of the time we can’t control change, but we can control our response to it. Sometimes, simply saying “things are changing, and that’s OK” can make us feel better. Control what you can. 58 Having some things that stay the same like walking the dog every evening after dinner reminds us that some things are still the same and allows our brain to rest. It can also help to plan whatever is still in our control or set goals for areas we want to see improve. Useful strategies can include focusing on the problem at hand, developing a plan for action, and asking for advice. Identify your fears. Our imaginations can get the best of us sometimes, and we might exaggerate the problem. Honestly evaluate the change and consider what the worst case is. Determine what specifically is making you worried. 59 Talk about solutions more than feelings. One of the most common myths (谬见) of coping with unwanted changes is the idea that we can “work through” our anger, fears, and frustrations by talking about them a lot. 60 In fact, research shows that repeatedly broadcasting negative emotions can make us feel worse. As you talk about the change you are facing, make sure you are focusing on the problem and possible solutions, and avoid focusing solely on your feelings. A．Take a fair attitude. B．Acknowledge the change. C．This isn’t always the case. D．Look at the positives that will come out of the change. E．It helps to have other areas of our life follow a predictable schedule. F．You might realize that the worst case is not as bad as you imagined. G．However, change is necessary for growth and it is normal to fear what we don’t know. 【答案】56．G 57．B 58．E 59．F 60．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何积极应对生活中的改变。 56．根据上文的“Change can be hard. It means a lack of certainty and predictability. (改变可能很难。它意味着缺乏确定性和可预测性。)”和下文的“Here are some tips to give your teen to help them cope with change in a healthy way. (这里有一些建议可以帮助你的孩子以一种健康的方式应对变化。)”可知，G项(然而，变化是成长所必需的，害怕我们不知道的东西是正常的。)承接上文，与上文构成转折关系，说明了做出改变的艰难，下文作为过渡句引出后文的解决办法。故选G项。 57．根据下文的“Many times, our first response to change is to either deny it, fight it, or run away from it. Unfortunately, none of these strategies help us cope with change successfully. Most of the time we can’t control change, but we can control our response to it. Sometimes, simply saying “things are changing, and that’s OK” can make us feel better. (很多时候，我们对变化的第一反应要么是否认它，要么是对抗它，要么是逃避它。不幸的是，这些策略都不能帮助我们成功地应对变化。大多数时候，我们无法控制变化，但我们可以控制自己对变化的反应。有时候，简单地说一句“事情在变化，没关系”会让我们感觉更好。)”可知，我们对于变化要持接受的态度，B项(承认变化。)既是这种态度，可以作为本段的主题句。故选B项。 58．根据上文的“Control what you can. (控制你所能控制的。)”和下文的“Having some things that stay the same like walking the dog every evening after dinner reminds us that some things are still the same and allows our brain to rest. It can also help to plan whatever is still in our control or set goals for areas we want to see improve. Useful strategies can include focusing on the problem at hand, developing a plan for action, and asking for advice. (有一些事情保持不变，比如每天晚饭后遛狗，提醒我们有些事情仍然是一样的，让我们的大脑休息一下。它还可以帮助我们计划任何仍在我们控制范围内的事情，或者为我们希望看到改善的领域设定目标。有用的策略包括关注手头的问题、制定行动计划和征求意见。)”可知，E项(让我们生活的其他方面遵循一个可预测的时间表是有帮助的。)承接上文，说明了如何去控制你所能控制的，下文具体举例解释相应的做法。故选E项。 59．根据上文的“Identify your fears. Our imaginations can get the best of us sometimes, and we might exaggerate the problem. Honestly evaluate the change and consider what the worst case is. Determine what specifically is making you worried. (确定你的恐惧。我们的想象力有时会发挥最大的作用，我们可能会夸大问题。诚实地评估变化，考虑最坏的情况是什么。确定到底是什么让你担心。)”可知，F项(你可能会意识到最坏的情况并没有你想象的那么糟糕。)承接上文，说明了敢于确认你的恐惧是什么可能会带来好的感受，即情况没有那么糟糕。故选F项。 60．根据上文的“Talk about solutions more than feelings. One of the most common myths (谬见) of coping with unwanted changes is the idea that we can “work through” our anger, fears, and frustrations by talking about them a lot. (多谈谈解决方案而不是感觉。关于应对不想要的变化，最常见的谬见之一是我们可以通过多谈论来“解决”我们的愤怒、恐惧和沮丧。)”和下文的“In fact, research shows that repeatedly broadcasting negative emotions can make us feel worse. As you talk about the change you are facing, make sure you are focusing on the problem and possible solutions, and avoid focusing solely on your feelings. (事实上，研究表明反复传播负面情绪会让我们感觉更糟。当你谈论你所面临的变化时，确保你的注意力集中在问题和可能的解决方案上，避免只关注你的感受。)”可知，C项(情况并非总是如此。)承接上文，说明了我们不要总是关注感觉，而是寻求解决方案，下文提出了理论依据。故选C项。 M （2024高二下·全国·专题练习）Moving into a new home in a new neighbourhood is an exciting experience. Of course, you want to make sure that you become an acceptable and valuable part of your neighbourhood. The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbour should. 61 Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbour is to keep your property (房产) neat, clean, and in good repair. 62 By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area. Second, take the overall appearance of the neighbourhood seriously. When going for a walk, take a small garbage bag. 63 This small act will let your neighbours know that you care about the area. 64 If a neighbour is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers. If a neighbour suffers from an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping. Let them know you are there to help in any way and respect the privacy of your neighbour. 65 By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighbourhood in general, you will quickly become a good neighbour that everyone appreciates. A．In general, keep an eye on their property while they are away. B．A good neighbour is the one who likes to help out in small ways. C．Being a good neighbour is more or less about considerate behavior. D．Sometimes neighbours may go to the supermarket together to do shopping. E．If you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up. F．People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting. G．Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighbourhood quickly. 【答案】61．G 62．F 63．E 64．B 65．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就怎样成为一个邻居都喜欢的人提出一些建议。 61．根据上文“Of course, you want to make sure that you become an acceptable and valuable part of your neighbourhood. The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbour should.(当然，你想确保你成为你的邻居的一个可接受的和有价值的一部分。要做到这一点，最简单的方法就是确保自己是一个好邻居。)”和下文中提出的建议可知，空处承上启下，说明要介绍一些成为好邻居的建议。G项：Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighbourhood quickly.(这里有一些技巧可以帮助你迅速赢得邻居的信任。)符合语境。故选G。 62．根据上文“Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbour is to keep your property (房产) neat, clean, and in good repair.(也许作为一个好邻居，你能做的最重要的事情之一就是保持你的房子整洁、干净、保养得很好。)”可知，本段提出的建议是保持房子整洁、干净、保养得很好，F项中的“keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.”和上文的“keep your property (房产) neat, clean, and in good repair.”对应。F项：People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.(人们往往会自豪于保持街上的一切清新和引人注目。)符合语境。故选F。 63．根据上文“Second, take the overall appearance of the neighbourhood seriously. When going for a walk, take a small garbage bag.( 第二，认真对待社区的整体外观。散步的时候，带上一个小垃圾袋。)”可知，本段建议要认真对待社区的整体外观，E项：If you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.(如果你遇到路过的汽车扔出的废纸，把它捡起来。)承接上文，是举例说明拿垃圾袋的作用，符合语境。故选E。 64．空处为段落主题句。根据下文“If a neighbour is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers. If a neighbour suffers from an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping. Let them know you are there to help in any way and respect the privacy of your neighbour.(如果邻居要出城，就主动提出帮他收邮件和报纸。如果邻居生病了，主动去杂货店买东西。让他们知道你会以任何方式帮助他们，并尊重邻居的隐私。)”可知，本段是建议用邻居可以接受的方式帮助他们，同时尊重邻居的隐私。B项：A good neighbour is the one who likes to help out in small ways.(好邻居是喜欢在小事上帮忙的人。)符合语境。故选B。 65．根据下文“By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighbourhood in general, you will quickly become a good neighbour that everyone appreciates.(通过遵守尊重他人的基本规则，照顾好属于你的东西，并为邻居的整体形象感到骄傲，你将很快成为一个每个人都欣赏的好邻居。)”可知，最后一段是总结，只要我们考虑周到，尊重他人，照顾好属于自己的东西，为周围的人感到自豪，我们很快就会成为大家都喜欢的好邻居。C项中“considerate behavior”是下文内容的概括。C项：Being a good neighbour is more or less about considerate behavior.(做一个好邻居或多或少需要体贴的行为。)符合语境。故选C。 N （2024高二下·全国·专题练习）China will pay more attention to the research and development of techniques and equipment 66 , according to a senior researcher in the country’s shipbuilding industry. “Deep-sea mining has become 67 on science, technology, resources and industries, because there are a lot of polymetallic nodules on ocean floors that contain rich concentrations of nickel, copper, manganese and cobalt that are essential to the renewable energy industry,” said Ye Cong, deputy director of the China Ship Scientific Research Center in Jiangsu province’s Wuxi. “A large proportion of the metals I mentioned, which are extensively used at Chinese factories, needs to be imported. 68 will help us reduce the heavy reliance on foreign suppliers,” said Ye, who is a member of the 14th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference. Internationally, some Western nations have owned key technologies and the capability of manufacturing major hardware 69 and at least one company has launched experimental commercial mining operations expected to retrieve thousands of metric tons of ores each day. However, China lags behind in terms of knowledge, technology and hardware, which highlights the importance of 70 . A．a new frontier of international competition B．a new study of great importance C．used for deep-sea mining D．used for marine exploration E．mining them from seabed F．government attention and investment G．required in deep-sea mining 【答案】66．C 67．A 68．E 69．G 70．F 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要讲述了中国在深海开采领域的发展研究现状。 66．根据下文的关键词“Deep-sea mining”可知，C项(用于深海开采)表示中国研发设备的目的，本段“China will pay more attention to the research and development of techniques and equipment used for deep-sea mining, according to a senior researcher in the country’s shipbuilding industry. (中国造船业的一位高级研究员表示，中国将更加关注深海采矿技术和设备的研发。)”为该篇文章的主题段落，指出了中国在深海开采领域的重点发展方向，故选C项。 67．根据下文的“because there are a lot of polymetallic nodules on ocean floors that contain rich concentrations of nickel, copper, manganese and cobalt that are essential to the renewable energy industry(因为海底有许多多金属结核，其中含有丰富的镍、铜、锰和钴，这些对可再生能源产业至关重要)”可知，A项(国际竞争的新前沿)指出了深海开采的地位所在，“Deep-sea mining has become a new frontier of international competition on science(深海采矿已经成为国际科学、技术、资源和产业竞争的新前沿)”为本段的主题句，下文指出了进行深海开采的原因，故选A项。 68．上文的“A large proportion of the metals I mentioned, which are extensively used at Chinese factories, needs to be imported. (我提到的金属在中国工厂广泛使用，其中很大一部分需要进口。)”指出了中国某些金属资源的缺乏，再由上文的“because there are a lot of polymetallic nodules on ocean floors that contain rich concentrations of nickel, copper, manganese and cobalt that are essential to the renewable energy industry(因为海底有许多多金属结核，其中含有丰富的镍、铜、锰和钴，这些对可再生能源产业至关重要)”可知，金属资源的缺乏可以通过从海底开采得到缓解或解决，E项(从海底开采)指出了解决问题的办法，“Mining them from seabedwill help us reduce the heavy reliance on foreign suppliers,” said Ye, who is a member of the 14th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference.(叶说，“从海底开采稀土将有助于我们减少对外国供应商的严重依赖”，他是中国人民政治协商会议第十四届全国委员会委员。)”指出了从海底开采带来的好处，故选E项。 69．根据下文的“at least one company has launched experimental commercial mining operations expected to retrieve thousands of metric tons of ores each day(至少有一家公司已经启动了实验性的商业采矿作业，预计每天可回收数千吨矿石)”和上文的“Internationally, some Western nations have owned key technologies and the capability of manufacturing major hardware(在国际上，一些西方国家已经拥有了关键技术和制造主要硬件的能力)”可知做到深海开采是需要技术研发能力的，G项(深海开采所需)指出了技术的使用范畴，与文章的关键词“Deep-sea mining”相呼应，故选G项。 70．根据上文的“However, China lags behind in terms of knowledge, technology and hardware (然而，中国在知识、技术和硬件方面落后)”可知，现实的情况需要政府更多关注并加大投入才能发生改变，F项(政府的关注与投入)指出了改变局面的做法，“However, China lags behind in terms of knowledge, technology and hardware, which highlights the importance of government attention and investment.(然而，中国在知识、技术和硬件方面落后，这凸显了政府关注和投资的重要性。)”呼应文章手段，故选F项。 O （2024高二下·全国·专题练习）The 24-year-old female commander (指挥员) Zhou Chengyu has been a heated topic on Weibo since the Chinese state media highlighted her as one of the women involved in the successful launch of the Chang’e 5 lunar probe (月球探测器) on 24 November. Social media users have been referring to her as a “source of pride” for the country. 71 Several people jokingly reflected on their own achievements, commenting how far behind in life they were in comparison. Starting in 2004, the Chang’e Programme consists of three stages: “orbiting”, “landing” and “returning”. 72 In December, 2013, the goal of China’s first soft landing on the lunar surface and ground exploration on the Moon was achieved by the lander of Chang’e 3 and Yutu lunar rover. Last year, Chang’e 4 probe made the first-ever soft landing on the far side of the moon. The Chang’e 5 mission is China’s third successful moon landing in seven years. 73 If it were successful, China would be the third country to bring lunar samples back to Earth after the United States and the Soviet Union. Most Chinese people know the mythological story of Chang’e, the Chinese goddess of the moon. People can’t hear the word “Chang’e” without picturing romantic images of a moon goddess. 74 And so pictures of Zhou Chengyu have been all over the state media, with comments about how she is a “front-line soldier in the field of aerospace” and a “big sister” that the young Chinese can look up to. However, the huge amount of interest in the native of Guizhou Province has not appeared to have had much of an effect on her. 75 A．Her story in particular has inspired the public, considering her young age. B．She refused repeated requests for interviews in order to focus on her work. C．However, China has been trying to highlight strong female figures in the country. D．Despite her young age, Zhou is now working at the Wenchang Satellite Launch Center. E．Its aim is to gather lunar rocks and soil to help scientists learn more about the moon. F．For this reason, China’s mission to the moon has been calling for a strong female figure. G．China completed the “orbiting” stage by launching Chang’e 1 and Chang’e 2 lunar probes in 2007 and 2010. 【答案】71．A 72．G 73．E 74．F 75．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要报道了与嫦娥五号有关的24岁的女航天发射指挥员周承钰的事迹，同时也介绍了我国的“嫦娥工程”。 71．根据上文“The 24-year-old female commander (指挥员) Zhou Chengyu has been a heated topic on Weibo since the Chinese state media highlighted her as one of the women involved in the successful launch of the Chang’e 5 lunar probe (月球探测器) on 24 November. Social media users have been referring to her as a “source of pride” for the country. (自从中国官方媒体强调24岁的女指挥官周承钰是11月24日参与嫦娥五号月球探测器成功发射的女性之一以来，她一直是微博上的热门话题。社交媒体用户一直将她称为国家的“骄傲源泉”。)”和下文“Several people jokingly reflected on their own achievements, commenting how far behind in life they were in comparison. (一些人拿他们自己的成就开玩笑，说相比之下他们在生活中远远落后。)”可知，上文讲年轻的周承钰的事迹引发大众关注，下文人们开玩笑说和周承钰的成就做个比较，该空应该还是在讲周承钰的事情及对大众的影响，A项“Her story in particular has inspired the public, considering her young age. (考虑到她还很年轻，她的故事尤其鼓舞公众。)”符合语境。故选A项。 72．根据上文“Starting in 2004, the Chang’e Programme consists of three stages: “orbiting”, “landing” and “returning”. (始于2004年，“嫦娥工程”分三个阶段：“绕轨道运行”、“着陆”和“返回”。)”和下文“In December, 2013, the goal of China’s first soft landing on the lunar surface and ground exploration on the Moon was achieved by the lander of Chang’e 3 and Yutu lunar rover.  (2013年12月，嫦娥三号和玉兔号月球车着陆器实现了中国首次月球表面软着陆和月球地面探测的目标。)”可知，G项“China completed the “orbiting” stage by launching Chang’e 1 and Chang’e 2 lunar probes in 2007 and 2010. (中国在2007年和2010年分别发射了嫦娥一号和嫦娥二号月球探测器，完成了“绕轨”阶段。)”符合语境，在时间上承接了上文的2004，并与下文的2013呼应，该段按时间线索展示了中国的“嫦娥工程”。故选G项。 73．根据上文“The Chang’e 5 mission is China’s third successful moon landing in seven years.(嫦娥五号任务是中国在七年内第三次成功登月。)”和下文“If successful, China would be the third country to bring lunar samples back to Earth after the United States and the Soviet Union.(如果成功的话，中国将成为继美国和苏联后第三个把月球样本带回地球的国家。)”可知，E项“Its aim is to gather lunar rocks and soil to help scientists learn more about the moon.(它的目标是收集月球岩石和土壤以帮助科学家更多地了解月球。)”符合语境，承上启下，该空应该讲嫦娥五号登月的目的何在，此目的与带月球样本的科研任务相关，选项中的aim呼应上文的mission。故选E项。 74．根据上文“People can’t hear the word “Chang’e” without picturing romantic images of a moon goddess. (人们听到“嫦娥”这个词，都会联想到月亮女神的浪漫形象。)”和下文“And so pictures of Zhou Chengyu have been all over the state media, with comments about how she is a “front-line soldier in the field of aerospace” and a “big sister” that the young Chinese can look up to. (因此，周承钰的照片遍布官方媒体，评论她是“航天领域的前线战士”和中国年轻人可以尊敬的“大姐大”。) ”可推知，F项“For this reason, China’s mission to the moon has been calling for a strong female figure. (正是这个原因，中国登月的任务一直需要一个有影响力的女性人物。)”符合语境，选项中的this reason指代上文内容，表明周承钰的走红有文化缘由，才能引出下文讲官方对她形象塑造的积极评价。故选F项。 75．根据上文“However, the huge amount of interest in the native of Guizhou Province has not appeared to have had much of an effect on her.(然而，人们对这位贵州本地人的巨大兴趣似乎并没有对她产生多大影响。)”可推知，B项“She refused repeated requests for interviews in order to focus on her work.(为了专注于她的工作，她多次拒绝了采访请求。)”符合语境，说明了出名没有给她带来很大影响的具体体现。故选B项。 ( 8 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$