Unit 5 Working the land 重点词汇归纳 导学案-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册

选修一 Unit 5 · devote v. 把…献给…；把…专心用于；专心于 devote…to… 把…用于…；献身于…；致力于… Qian Xuesen, one of the greatest scientists in the world, devoted himself entirely to science. [词形转换] 1）devotion n. 热爱；奉献 2）devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的 be devoted to… 热爱/热衷于… · 2. convince v. 使相信；说服 convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 You will need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job. convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事 We can explain the purpose of the campaign and convince the public not to waste food. [词形转换] 1）convincing adj. 令人信服的 2）convinced adj. 确信的；深信的；坚信的 be convinced of… 确信…；相信… · 3. attain v.（通过努力）获得；达到（某年龄、水平、状况） attain one’s goal 实现目标 We can attain whatever goal we set in our mind as long as we work hard enough. attain a state of… 达到…状态 [词形转换] 1）attainment n. 达到；获得 2）attainable adj. 可达到的，可获得的 · 4. assumption n. 假定；设定；（责任的）承担；（权力的）获得 make (an) assumption(s) about… 对…做出假设 It is impossible to make assumptions about people’s reactions. on the assumption that… 假定…，假设… We are working on the assumption that everyone invited will turn up. [词形转换] 1）assume v. 假定，认为；承担（责任） assume…to be/ as… 假定…是…，认定…是… It is generally/ usually assumed that… 普遍/通常认为… 2）assuming conj. 假设…；假如… · 5. overcome v. 克服；解决；战胜；受到…的极大影响 be overcome by/ with… 被…（某种情绪）控制，受到…的极大影响 There are many difficulties and problems that can be overcome by working together. · 6. expand v. 扩大；增加 expand (…) into (…)（把…）扩展到/发展到… The company intends to expand into a wider market. expand on/ upon 充分叙述；详细阐明 I’m quite satisfied with your explanation, so there is no need to expand on/ upon it. · 7. estimate 1）v. 估计；估价；估算（常用于被动语态） estimate sth. at… 估算某物为… I would estimate the size of the garden at 100 square meters. be estimated to be… 被估计为… The tree is estimated to be at least 700 years old. It is estimated that.... 据估计… It is estimated that more than 1000 volunteers from different provinces took part in the fight against wildfires. 2）n.（对数量、成本等对）估算；估计 I can give you a rough estimate of the amount of wood you will need. [词形转换] 1）estimation n. 估计 2）overestimate v./ n. 高估 3）underestimate v./ n. 低估 · 8. comprise v. 包括；包含；由…组成； be comprised of… 包括；包含；由…组成 The coming-of-age ceremony was comprised of three parts, one of which was the speech made by the headmaster. · 9. far from 1）几乎相反，远非（后接形容词、名词、代词或动名词） In terms of nutrition, fast food is far from perfect to satisfy the children’s needs. 2）远离（相当于far away from，后接名词或代词） Considering that the nature park is far from the city, we can take a bus. [归纳拓展] 1）far from enough 远远不够 2）far from it 完全相反，远非如此 · 10. reality n. 现实；实际情况；事实 in reality 事实上，实际上 Outwardly she seemed confident, but in reality she felt extremely nervous. turn…into reality 使…成为现实 bring…back to reality 使…回到现实 · 11. widespread adj. 分布广的；普遍的；广泛的 These facilities are becoming more and more widespread in urban areas. · 12. in turn 相应地，转而；依次，轮流 There were cheers for each of the students as they spoke in turn. [归纳拓展] 1）take turn(s) to do/ (in) doing sth. 轮流做某事 2）by turns 轮流地，交替地 3）It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 · 13. essential 1）adj. 必要的；本质的；极其重要的；根本的 be essential for/ to… 对…来说极其重要 Experience is essential to/ for the job. It is essential (for sb.) to do sth.（对某人来说）做某事很重要 It is essential for students to make careful preparations for the exam. 2）n. 必不可少的东西，必需品；要点 I always consider a washing machine an essential in our daily life. · 14. alternative 1）n. 可供选择的事物 have no alternative but to do sth. 除了做某事别无选择 We were stuck in the traffic jam, so we had no alternative but to wait. 2）adj. 可供替代的；非传统的 Looking back on my last term, I wish that I had thought about alternative ways of learning. · 15. depth n. 向下（或向里）的距离；深度；极限 in depth 全面；深入；详细 Under the influence of the activities, many students begin to learn in depth about Hanfu and the culture it carries. at/ to a depth of… 在/到…的深度 They dug down to a depth of two meters. a meter/ foot…in depth 一米/一英尺…深 be deep in thought 陷入沉思 deep into the night 深夜 [词形转换] 1）deepen v.（使）加深，变深 · 16. root 1）n. 根；根茎；根部；根源 take root 扎根 Since that day, a dream has taken root in my heart. 2）v.（使）生根 be rooted in 根植于，扎根于 No country, no happiness. Everyone must be rooted in the soil of the motherland. 17. nowhere near 远没有，远不及；离（某地方）很远 Our products are nowhere near able to meet the customers’ demands. [归纳拓展] 1）get/ go nowhere 毫无进展 You can get nowhere without an objective in life. 2）get sb. nowhere 让某人毫无进展 Putting yourself down will get you nowhere, limiting your own development. 3）from/ out of nowhere 突然发生，突然出现 They were walking along the shore when a huge wave appeared out of nowhere, sweeping them out to sea. 4）be nowhere to be seen/ found The next morning, the old man was nowhere to be seen. [nowhere位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装语序] No one can deny the fact that nowhere else is the cashless trend more obvious than in China. [巩固练习] 1. It is believed ________ Yuan Longping is the “father of hybrid rice”. 2. It is obvious ________ he has devoted all his life to education. 3. ________ we should do now is to tackle the financial crisis. 4. The biggest problem is ________ there is a shortage of fresh water on the island. 5. At that time, ________ we needed to do most was to alleviate hunger and get rid of poverty. 6. It is still a question ________ we can boost our grain yield by doing so. 7. One characteristic of hybrids showed ________ they could attain a higher output than conventional crops. 8. It is estimated ________ about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from his hybrid strains. 9. ________ he aimed at was to overcome difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that enabled farmers to expand their output greatly. 10. It was his assumption ________ his rice plants were as tall as sorghum, with each ear of rice as big as a broom. 11. He wanted to know ________ the greatest vision was generated from. 12. For instance, ________ human beings go to find alternative fuels remains a mystery. 13. It is essential ________ we should estimate the depth of plant roots. 14. ________ his dream will become a reality has been bothering him. 15. It is well known ________ organic farming is better than chemical farming. 16. As their world ________ (expand), she said, children compared themselves to others online… 17. I find that some of you are very good at making use ________ color… 18. But you should always keep it ________ your mind that private questions about salaries, family life, religious beliefs and politics should be avoided during these conversations. 19. Now pleas tell us, do you sometimes feel worried about your daughter now ________ she’s grown up ? 20. As grizzly bears expand their range ________ places where they haven’t been seen in a century or more, they’re increasingly being sighted by humans. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$