Units1-2寒假语法&词汇复习提高版 2024-2025学年沪教牛津版（广州深圳沈阳通用）八年级英语上册

八上U1-2寒假语法&词汇复习提高版 模块一 语法详解 八上Unit 1语法回顾--不定代词 一、重点：some和any复合不定代词 1.some作形容词用时,可以修饰 ,也可以修饰 ; 通常用于 句。 2.any作形容词用时,可以修饰 ,也可以修饰 ；通常用于 句和 句。 3.当any表示“任何一个”时，后面接单数可数名词，常用于肯定句中。 4.在疑问句中，当我们期望得到肯定回答时，我们也会用some。 二、复合不定代词 some, any, every, no 可以与 body, thing, one 构成复合不定代词，表示人或物： 指物 （某事） （任何事） （没事） （每件事） 指人 someone（某人） anyone（任何人） no one（没有人） everyone（每个人） somebody（某人） anybody（任何人） nobody（没有人） everybody（每个人） 1. 用法: （1）一般来说，由some构成的复合不定代词往往用于肯定句中；而由any构成的复合不定代词则往往用于否定句或疑问句中。 Is there at home?家里有人吗？ I heard singing when I was at work last night.昨晚我在工作时听到有人唱歌。 （2） 复合不定代词与谓语的一致问题   复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。   Nobody why.没人知道为什么。 Everyone a hobby.每个人都有爱好。 （3）复合不定代词的定语位置   复合不定代词被定语修饰的时候，定语必须放在不定代词后面。 eg: something important, anything special等 Do you have to tell us?你有什么重要的事要告诉我们吗？ Tips: 复合代词不张扬，修饰成分后面藏， 单数动词作谓语，何时何地都一样。 八上Unit 2语法回顾--数词 一、基数词的用法 (1)当hundred, thousand, million, billion等和of连用，表示粗略的数目时，须用复数。 如： ___________ ___________ ___________数以百计的人 但如果hundred, thousand, million, billion等词前有具体数词或several时，须用单数： ___________ ___________ ___________ 600人 (2)表示“几十年代”或“几十岁”时，用逢十的基数词的复数。如： in the ___________在30年代 in his ___________在他50多岁时 (3)与基数词合成的复合形容词，其中的名词(常指时间，长度等度量名词)用单数。如： a three-___________-old baby三个月大的婴儿 a five-___________ plan一个五年计划 二、序数词 （1）基本概念：表示数目顺序的词就叫做序数词，例如：第一，第二，第三…… （2）基数词变序数词规律 1，第一至第三有独立式（___________第一，___________第二，___________第三） 2，第四至第十二加th (___________第五, ___________第八, ___________第九, ___________第十二 特殊) 3, 整十数：y 改i 加eth(___________第二十，___________第三十，___________第四十) 4, 21至99 间的非整十数：在整数基数词后加“一”，然后加上个位序数词。 （___________________第二十一，__________________第三十二，__________________第四十三，） 注：序数词在使用时，通常前面要加定冠词the ；但是如果序数词前出现不定冠词a 或an时,则表示“再……", “又……"。 From the first day, Rudolf was testing me, seeing if I would make him tea, bring him a Coke. 从第一天起，鲁道夫就在考验我，看我会不会给他泡茶，给他拿可乐。 You can do it a second time. 你可以再做一次。 三、数词的应用 （1）倍数表示法 1. 一倍用____________两倍用____________或____________。例如： 今年我们生产的玉米(corn，指玉米粒时不可数)是去年的两倍。 This year we have produced__________ as much corn __________ we did last year. 她的年龄是我的两倍。 She is __________ my age. 2. 三倍或三倍以上用数词+times，可以译为"是......的几倍"；"比......大/高/长......几倍"等等。 ① 用"主语+谓语+...times + the size(或amount, length...)+ of +被比较对象"表示。例如： 你房间的大小是我房间的五倍。 The size of your room is__________ __________ the size of mine. ② 用"主语+谓语+...times + 形容词（副词）的比较级 + than +被比较对象"表示。例如： 你的包比我的大两倍。 Your bag is __________ __________ __________mine. ③ 用"主语+谓语+...times + as+形容词+ as + 被比较对象"表示。例如： 你的书是我的书的三倍厚。 Your book is __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ mine. （2）分数表示法 1)分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母用复数。如： __________ __________四分之一，__________ __________五分之二 2） 在数学中，"quarter"通常指的是四分之一，即0.25。 四分之一的表达还可以是__________ __________.四分之三还可以是__________ __________。 ‌对应一个小时，a quarter=__________分钟 3）百分数表示法 表示百分数直接将数词放在单词percent前面。如： __________ __________百分之二十，________________ __________百分之七十五 特别提示: 分数和百分数后面不能直接跟名词或代词，而应是“分数或百分数 + of + 冠词或限定词 + 名词或代词”，其谓语动词与of后面的名词在人称和数上保持一致。如： 五分之二的钱被用来买书了。 __________ __________ _________ _________ _________ was spent on books. 模块二 语法巩固练习 1、 选择题 Unit 1语法 1.There isn’t water here. Could you get for me? A. some, any B. any,any C.any, some D.some, some 2.When shall we meet again next week? day is possible. It’s no problem with me. A. Either B. Neither C. Every D.Any 3.—What would you like to have for lunch? — _________ is OK. I’m hungry enough to eat a horse. A．Anything B．Something C．Someone D．Anybody 2．—Many jobs need team work. —Yes. ________ can come true if we can’t work well together. A．Nothing B．Anything C．Something D．Everything 3． ________ can tell you about him because he doesn’t tell us ________ about himself. A．Nobody, anything B．Anybody; nothing C．Everybody, anything D．Everybody; something 5．There is ________ wrong with my computer. It works well. A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything 6．Would you have ___________ to say today? A．important anything B．something important C．important something D．anything important 7. Everybody me here, but I know . A knows, somebody B.knows, nobody C.know, anybody D.know, nobody 1-7CDAAA DB Unit 2 语法 1．—How was your weekend? —Great! It was my grandfather’s ________ birthday. We enjoyed ourselves. A．seventy B．seventieth C．seventeen D．seventeenth 2．There are ________ storeys（层）in this building and I live on the ________ floor. A．twenty-five; eighteenth B．twenty-five; eighteen C．Twenty-fifth; eighteen D．twenty-fifth; eighteenth 3．Today ________ people across the world own mobile phones and it’s so easy to make a phone call. A．million B．million of C．millions D．millions of 4．Jane is ________ student. A．a 11-year-old B．an 11 years old C．a 11-years-old D．an 11-year-old 5. About ________ of the students in our class went to the movies last night. A．three quarters B．three quarter C．third quarter D．third quarters 6..It is reported that Americans eat too much protein every day, as they actually need. A. Twice as much B. As twice much C. Much as twice D.as much twice 1-6 BADDAA 二、八上U1-2重点词汇训练 1. He has the ________ (able) to solve the problem. 2. I have three classes to attend __________ (include) an English class.  3. Fortunately, my cousin __________ (win) a big prize the day before yesterday.  4. Rose showed high_______________ (intelligent) from an early age.  5. Lily is able _______ (speak) English well.  6. A （music）must be good at enjoying music and writing music. 7. They come from ________ (Italian), maybe they are Italians.  8. My dream is to be a _________ (science) . 9. ________ (sudden), the baby cried loudly. 10. The light bulb is a very important ___________ (invent) in history.  11．Can you tell me something ________ (difference) between the twins? 12. He ordered his men (run) fast. 13. The supermarket in on the (nine)floor and the bookstore is on the_____ (twelve) floor. 14. I always do things according to my mother’s __________(instruct). 15. （thousand）of persons lost their lives in the earthquake. 16. At first, she had problem in (speak) English in public. 17. He copied down the word __________(correct). 18. There are many traffic ___________ (accident) in the world every day. 19. My father promised (buy) a new bike for me . 20.________(India) are a little shorter than Chinese. 1.ability 2.including 3.won 4.intelligence 5. to speak 6. musician 7.Italy 8.scientist 9.Suddenly 10. Invention 11. Different 12. to run 13. ninth, twelfth 14. instructions 15.Thousands 16. speaking 17. correctly 18. Accidents 19.to buy 10. Indians 模块三 八上1-2单元话题语法填空专练 A Pliny the Elder (老普林尼) wrote the 1 (one) encyclopedia with the help of his nephew. This work is made up of 37 books and had many 2 (subject) such as anthropology (人类学) and painting. Through the following few centuries, encyclopedia were connected to religion. The first Christian edition appeared in 560 AD, 3 the first Muslim volume came to light soon after. One of 4 (long) encyclopedia ever was produced in 1403 when The Yongle Encyclopedia appeared in China. It had 11,095 volumes. Most of the original work 5 (lose) through the centuries, and people can see less than 400 volumes today. The word “encyclopedia” coming from Greek 6 (mean) “a general knowledge”. It has been in use 7 at least 500 years. In 8 20th century, the Encyclopedia Britannica became the most well known 9 (west) work of this type. At the same time, topical encyclopedia became the most popúlar, covering different topics. At the end of the century, many publishers began to publish 10 (they) in digital formats such as Compact Discs (CDs) and Digital Versatile Discs (DVDs). 1． first 2．subjects 3．and 4．the longest 5．has been lost 6．means 7．for 8．the 9．western 10．them B The rattlesnake is a poisonous (有毒的) American snake. When it is angry or afraid, it makes a noise like a rattle (响板) 1 its tail. It’s very scary. But Heather and her husband make a living in an 2 (usual) way. They catch snakes, especially rattlesnakes. Heather says her work is protecting people from rattlesnakes and protecting rattlesnakes from people. She does her job very 3 (care). Rattlesnakes often come face to face with people in houses or gardens. Many people are afraid of 4 (they). Heather explains that it’s not the snakes that are moving into these places. It’s 5 other way round. The snakes lived in these places first and then the people built houses. Also, 6 you stand away, they will go away quietly. So just keep clam. It is Heather’s 7 (twelve) year as a snake catcher. However, for so many years, she 8 (touch) a snake only once. In most cases, she picks up the snakes with a special tool. This doesn’t hurt them, but it keeps them at a safe 9 (distant). Heather and her husband are very busy because they are never off duty. Few people would like 10 (do) this job, but Heather enjoys it. “I love my job,” she says. 1． with 2．unusual 3．carefully 4．them 5．the 6．if 7．twelfth 8．has touched 9．distance 10．to do C A long time ago, there was an emperor. He had a beautiful garden. In the garden, there was a little nightingale (夜莺) singing very 1 (beautiful). One day, this little bird’s beautiful voice came into the emperor’s ears. He asked his guards 2 (bring) her to him. As soon as the emperor heard the nightingale’s voice, he said, “Put her in a golden cage, 3 she can stay and sing for me whenever I want to hear her.” The little bird was so 4 (happy) about being kept in the cage that she stopped singing one day. The emperor was very angry. He ordered the 5 (scientist) in his palace to make a robot bird for him. They made it and the bird could sing very beautifully, too. The emperor was pleased. Soon the robot bird became old. It no longer 6 (sing) beautiful songs. Just at that time, the emperor became very weak. One morning, while lying (躺) in bed, the emperor wanted 7 to sing once again. But the robot bird couldn’t sing any more. 8 (sudden), the nightingale landed on the window. She began to sing her most beautiful song. The emperor was very happy! He became much 9 (good) than before. After the emperor was well, he changed a lot and became kind to 10 (he) people. From then on, all people cherished (爱戴) him for his love and kindness. 1．beautifully 2．to bring 3．so/and 4．unhappy 5．scientists 6．sang 7．it 8．Suddenly 9．better 10．his 模块四 课后作业 一．1-2单元reading 句子中译英。 Unit 1 1.达芬奇出生在农村。 ______________________________________________________________________________ 2.从很小的时候，他就表现出极大的智慧和艺术能力。 ______________________________________________________________________________ 3.他的画是非常有名的，有一副《蒙娜丽莎》—也许是世界上最有名的画作。 ______________________________________________________________________________ 4.他还有许多发明。 ______________________________________________________________________________ 5.例如，他的笔记本包括一些关于飞行器的有趣的图纸。 ______________________________________________________________________________ 6.恐龙比人类早 6千 多万年就生活在地球上。 ______________________________________________________________________________ 7.有些甚至会飞。 ______________________________________________________________________________ 8.但有些恐龙又喜欢吃肉。 ______________________________________________________________________________ 9.后来，突然之间，他们灭绝了。 ______________________________________________________________________________ 10.没有人知道为什么。 ______________________________________________________________________________ 11.不过，我们可以从它们的化石去了解他们。 ______________________________________________________________________________ 1.Da Vinci was born in the countryside. 2.From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic ability. 3.His paintings are very famous, and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the most famous painting in  the world. 4.He also had many inventions. 5.For example, his notebooks include some interesting drawings of flying machines. (See Art) 6.Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years before human beings. 7.Some could even fly. 8.However, some dinosaurs liked to eat meat. 9.Then, suddenly, they all died out.  10.Nobody knows why. 11.However, we can learn about them from their fossils. Unit 2 1.很久以前，印度有一个国王。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 2.国王最喜欢的游戏是国际象棋。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 3.一天，一个聪明的老人来到王宫，国王向他挑战了一场比赛。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 4.国王向老人承诺：“如果你赢了这场比赛，你可以获得任何奖金。” ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 5.“如果我赢了这场比赛，我想要棋盘上的第一格一粒米，第二格两粒米，第三格四粒米，余下的每个格都要数量加倍。” ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 6.“你不想要金或银来代替吗？“ ________________________________________________________________________________ 7.最后，老人赢了。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 8他在第一格放了一粒米，在第二格上放了两粒…… ________________________________________________________________________________ 9.国王很快意识到这个问题- ________________________________________________________________________________ 1.A long time ago, there was a king in India.  2.The king's favourite game was chess. 3.One day, a wise old man came to the palace and the king challenged him to a game. 4.The king promised the old man,“You can have any prize if you win the game.” 5.“If I win the game, I'd like one grain of rice for the first square of the chessboard,two for the second,  four for the third, and then double the amount for each of the rest of the squares.” 6.“Wouldn't you like gold or silver instead?” 7.Finally, the old man won.  8..He put one grain on the first square, two on the second, and so on. 9.The king quickly realized the problem- 二、单项选择 1. --- Amazing! Tom got the best grade in the test last week. --- _____is impossible. He studies really hard online this term. A. Anything　　 B. Nothing C. Everything　　 D. Something 2. The sports meeting will be held in September, but　　     knows the date for sure. A.nobody　 　 B.nothing　     C.anybody　　 D.anything 3. --- Did Qingdao show 　　     to the world during the SCO Summit (上海合作组织峰会)? --- Sure! Her beauty, high technology and rapid development. A.something special　　 B.anything special C.special something　　 D.special anything 4. --- Mum, there aren’t 　　     eggs in the fridge. We’d better go to the supermarket to buy 　　    . --- OK. Let’s go. A. some, any　　 B. any, some　　 C. any, any D. some, some 5. --- What did you buy in the clothes shop the day before yesterday? --- I bought 　　    , because I couldn’t find 　　     I like. A.anything；something B.something；anything C.something；nothing D.nothing；anything 6．In the early ________ century, the first trains began to carry passengers. A．nineteen B．ninth C．nineteenth D．nine 7．China is ________ biggest country in area(在面积上)in the world. A．the first B．the second C．the third D．the fourth 8．More than ________ new students are coming this week. A．two hundreds B．two hundred C．hundreds of D．hundred of B A B B D CCB U1单词 单词 中文 encyclopaedia 百科全书 human 人的 dinosaur 恐龙 Italian 意大利人 inventor 发明家 musician 音乐家 scientist 科学家 born 出生 countryside 乡村；农村 intelligence 才智；智慧 artistic 有艺术天赋的 ability 才能；能力 perhaps 可能；大概 invention 发明 notebook 笔记本 include 包括；包含 even 甚至 however 然而 suddenly 忽然；突然 nobody 没有人 fossil 化石 win 获胜，赢 dollar 元 in the countryside 在乡村；在农村 human being 人 die out 灭绝；消失 find out 了解 ；弄清 go for a walk 去散步 U2单词 number 数字 instructions 指示；命令 check 检查；核实 gram 克 son 儿子 chess 国际象棋 India 印度 wise 充满智慧的 challenge 向 (某人) 挑战 promise 许诺；承诺 prize 奖赏；奖品 grain 谷粒 chessboard 国际象棋棋盘 double 加倍 amount 数量；数额 rest 剩余部分 gold 金子；黄金 instead 代替；顶替 realize 认识到；意识到 copy 抄写；誊写 correctly 准确无误地；正确地 traffic 交通 accident (交通) 事故 a long time ago 很早以前 challenge ...to ... 向(某人)挑战 and so on…... …等等 copy down 抄写；誊写 第 1 页 共 16 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$