Units 5-6语法&词汇复习提高版2024-2025学年沪教牛津版（广州深圳沈阳通用）八年级英语上册

八上U 5-6寒假语法&词汇复习提高版 模块一 八上U5-6语法-现在完成时复习 一．现在完成时的含义 1. 表示过去已完成的动作对现在产生的影响(影响性用法)，常与“already已经”、“yet尚未”、“just刚”等连用。 e.g. He has already had breakfast. 2. 也可表示过去发生(开始)的动作持续到现在并有可能继续持续下去到将来（持续性用法），常与“since自从（+时间点）”、“for（+时间段）”等连用。 e.g. I have lived here since I was born. 3. 表示一个过去的动作直到现在发生的次数。 e.g. I have already read this book three times. 二．现在完成时的构成 1)现在完成时的肯定句 句型：主语(第一、二人称单/复数)+have+过去分词 主语(第三人称复数)+have +过去分词 主语(第三人称单数)+has+过去分词 注意： have (has) 为助动词 e.g. He has already had his lunch. e.g. I have just finished my homework. 2)现在完成时的否定句 句型：主语+have/has not(haven't/hasn't)+过去分词 e.g. I have not seen the movie yet. e.g. She hasn’t eaten it. 3)现在完成时的一般疑问句 句型：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+…？ e.g. Have you finished the work? 肯定回答__________________,否定回答_____________________ e.g. Has she arrived here?肯定回答__________________,否定回答_____________________ e.g. Have they eaten supper?肯定回答__________________,否定回答_____________________ 【即学即练】 ① 肯定句： We have seen the film twice. 否定句：_____________________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：_____________________________________________________________ 肯定回答：_____________________________________________________________ 否定回答：_____________________________________________________________ ② 肯定句： Nancy has been a teacher since 2009. 否定句：_____________________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：_____________________________________________________________ 肯定回答：_____________________________________________________________ 否定回答：_____________________________________________________________ 三．过去分词的构成 A.规则动词的过去分词 规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则过去式的构成规则相同。 (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ______ ”。 work---worked---worked, visit---visited---visited (2)、以“ ______ ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ ______ ”。 live---lived---lived , (3)、以“辅音字母 + ______ ”结尾的动词，将 " _____" 变为 " _____" ，再加“ ______ study---studied---studied, cry---cried---cried (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先 ______该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop---stopped---stopped, drop---dropped--dropped B .不规则动词的过去分词 AAA型 let let _________ AAB型 beat beat _________ ABA型become became _________ ABB型bring brought____________, buy bought____________ ABC型 begin began ____________,blow blew ____________ 【即学即练】默写动词过去式过去分词。 原形 过去式 过去分词 原形 过去式 过去分词 see leave take go hear spend 四．影响性用法标志词辨析 1：表示过去开始的动作或状态已经结束，但是对现在有影响。 这种用法常与already, just, yet, ever, never, so far, times (次数),和 in the past\last few years等连用. e.g. He has already cleaned the blackboard. The blackboard is so clean now. 现在完成时的时间副词: 1)副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。 e.g. We have already finished our homework. I haven’t had lunch yet. Have you finished your homework yet? 2)副词ever 和never。多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。  e.g. Have you ever been to the Great Wall? --I have never been to the Great Wall. 3)用just表示到说话时为止的时间状语, e.g. I have just seen her, but I don’t know where she is now . 注意：当在肯定陈述句中含有already或just 时，在转换成否定句或疑问句时，要把句中的already 或just 去掉，在句末加上yet. e.g. I have done my homework already. I haven’t done my homework yet. 五．现在完成时的易错考点 1. have been to /have gone to /have been in 的区别 have been to +地点 表示曾经去过某地，现人已返回。(once ,twice...) have gone to +地点 表示人已去了某地，人还未返回。(where is sb ?) have been in +地点 表示在某地呆多长时间。（for…../ since …..） Eg: I have been to Beijing twice. 我去过北京两次。 --Where is Tom? -- He has gone to America. I have been in Shenzhen for two years/ since two years ago. 2. 现在完成时和一般过去时区别 (1) 侧重点不同：现在完成时是与现在有关的时态，属现在时态范畴，它侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响。而一般过去时是一种过去时态，侧重于表示过去的动作，与现在无关，若询问该动作发生在过去的具体的时间时，只能用一般过去时。 如：Yesterday I went to the zoo. (仅说明昨天去了动物园，与现在无关) Li Lei has read the book. (说明李磊了解那本书的内容) The plane has arrived. （说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿） The plane arrived a quarter ago. （强调动作发生时间在过去） I have taught here for fifteen years. （表示十五年前的动作一直延续到现在，还可能继续） I taught here a year ago. （表示我现在已经不在这任教了） (2)连用的时间状语不同：一般过去时常与ago, yesterday, last…, in 2000, just now等连用。 而现在完成时与already, yet, still, just, so far, in the last/ past…, before, ever, never, since…, for…等时间状语连用。 注意：现在完成时不可以与yesterday, last week, two years ago等过去时间连用。 3. 短暂性动词和延续性动词区别 ① 短暂性动词：表示不能延续的动作，如：open, die, close, begin, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy 等 ② 延续性动词：表示能够延续的动作，如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have 等 短暂动词不能和时间段连用，若与时间段连用，必须将短暂性动词改成延续性动词。 · 短暂性动词和延续性动词的转换 (1) 短暂性动词转化为意思相同的延续性动词 borrow/lend—keep 借—保有 become—be 变—是 buy—have/ own 买—拥有 I bought the camera last week. 我上周买了部相机。 I have had the camera for a week. 相机我买了一个星期。 (2)将短暂性动词转化为“be+形容词或副词” begin—be on上演（last 持续） die—be dead 死 leave—be away (from) 离开 open— be open 开张； The man died two years ago. 这个男人两年前死的。 The man has been dead for two years. 这个男人死了两年了。 模块二 语法知识巩固练习 一、默写动词过去式过去分词。 原形 过去式 过去分词 原形 过去式 过去分词 want call phone move open look need hope agree carry cost cut become run dig catch hold begin write know 二、用since和for填空。 1.__________two years 2.__________two years ago 3.__________last month 4.__________ 1999 5.__________yesterday 6.__________ 4 o’clock 7 __________4 hours 8. I’ve known him __________ we were children. 9. Our teacher has studied Japanese__________ three years. 10. She has been away from the city __________ about ten years. 答案：1. For 2. Since 3.since 4.since 5.since 6.since 7.for 8.since 9.for 10.for 三、用括号里的正确形式填空。 1．I'll lend you the bicycle if you ________(return) it before Friday. 2．—I called you at 5：00 yesterday afternoon，but there was no answer. —Sorry，I ________(have) dinner with my friends at a restaurant. 3．The movie Dying to Survive(《我不是药神》) is really moving. It's the best one that I ________(watch) in the past few years. 4．Light ________(travel) much faster than sound. 5．I ________(stay) at home and sleep all day if we needn't go to school tomorrow. 6．—Listen！Who ________(play) the piano in the next room? —It must be Mary.She likes playing the piano very much. 7．There ________(be) an important basketball match in our school next Sunday. 8．A traffic accident________(happen) to him yesterday. 9．Look out！Something ________(fall) down from the building. 10．In the boys' relay race，Michael ________(run) very fast and our class won the first place. 答案：1.return 2.was having 3.have watched 4.travels 5.will stay 6.is playing 7.will be 8.happened 9.is falling 10.ran 四、八上U5-6重点词汇训练 1．The book was a great ________ (succeed) when it was published. 2．The ________ (Britain) weather is very changeable. 3．This film is ________ (education). Students can learn a lot from it. 4．What will they ________ (probable) do tomorrow? 5．Try to be as _______ (friend) as you can to your classmates. 6．So far he ________ (tour) around Italy. 7．Mr. Smith can use ________ (chopstick). 8．Their story is a ________ (fantasy) love story. 9．She ________ (respect) her father’s last wishes and burned all his photos. 10．It is impossible to dissociate(分离) language from ________ (cultural). 11．Thank you for _______ (introduce) me to your good friends. 12.Look at that ______________ (wood) monkey. How cute it is! 13.The main ______________ (different) between the groups is age. 14.I spent my happy ______________ (child) with my grandparents in Sichuan Province. 15.Please enter the meeting room ______________ (quiet) if you are late. 16.When we played in the playground, the bell rang ______________ (sudden). 17.All of us have ______________ (success) in passing the final exam. 18.It has been ten years since we ______________ (meet) each other last time. 19.I have never ______________ (see) such a wonderful film before.　 20.I try ______________ (pass)the exam, so I study hard. 1．Success 2．British 3．Educational 4．Probably 5．friendly 6.has toured 7．Chopsticks 8．Fantastic 9.respected 10.culture 11．introducing 12.wooden 13.difference 14.childhood 15.quietly 16.suddenly 17.succeeded 18.met 19.seen 20. To pass 模块三 八上5-6单元话题语法填空专练 A It was my first time to travel to a foreign country. I went to Portland, the US from my hometown with my mother. She got 1 job in the city and I stayed there with her for a year. I 2 (study)at Beaverton High School in Portland. I still remember that my first class was maths. After I entered the classroom, I noticed that many of the students were from different countries. 3 was interesting to get to know my classmates and their cultures. The teachers were very 4 (friend). They listened to their students and talked with them. My English teacher often said, “I am not sure I agree 5 you. Can you tell more?” I also visited one of the 6 (good)libraries in Portland. There were thousands of 7 (book). And everything was so tidy and clean. I could 8 (find)a book easily on any subject I wanted. A year passed 9 (quick). I returned to my home town last month. I like Portland very much, and I hope I 10 (work)in this city in the future. 1. a 2.studied 3. It 4. friendly 5. with 6.best 7. books 8.find 9. quickly 10.will work B Do you like travelling? Have you ever (1) __________ (live) in another country? Being (2) __________ exchange student is a good way to travel. Exchange students can live in another country. And they can learn the country’s language and culture and enjoy (3) __________ (tour) around the country. They go to a high school (4) __________ live with a host family, often (5) __________ six months or a year. These programmes (6) __________ (be) very good for students. Exchange students can learn a lot about a (7) __________ (difference) culture. They can also learn to be more independent and (8) __________ (clever) than before. The exchange programmes allow you (9) __________ (make) friends with people. Besides, it can help you understand the world well. Exchange students share (分享）their own culture with people in the new country as well. What will you do (10) __________ you have a chance to go on an educational exchange? 1. lived 2.an 3.touring 4. and 5.for 6.are 7.different 8.cleverer 9.to make 10.if C The Story of the Trojan Horse The Trojan War was a legendary conflict(冲突) between the Greeks and the Trojans, which lasted (1) __________ ten years. The war was fought over the beautiful Helen of Troy, who was said to be the (2) __________( beautiful) woman in the world. The Greeks sailed to Troy to rescue her, but the Trojans refused (拒绝)to give her up. The war was long and bloody, and both sides suffered heavy losses. As the war dragged on, the Greeks came up with a cunning（狡猾的） plan(3) __________ (end) the conflict once and for all. They built a giant(4) __________ (wood) horse, which they left outside the gates of Troy as a gift. The Trojans, thinking that the horse was a peace offering, brought it inside the city walls. However, the horse was not what it seemed. Inside the hollow belly of the horse, Greek(5) __________ (soldier) were hiding, waiting for the cover of(6) __________ (dark) to emerge and attack the unsuspecting Trojans. That night, the Greeks slipped out of the horse and opened the gates of Troy, allowing (7) __________ rest of the Greek army to enter the city. The Trojans were taken by surprise and were soon overwhelmed by the Greek soldiers. The city was sacked and burned, (8) __________ many of the Trojans were killed or enslaved. The Greeks emerged victorious, and Helen was returned to (9) __________ (she)husband, King Menelaus of Sparta. The story of the Trojan Horse (10) __________ (become)a symbol of deception and treachery(欺骗和背叛)so far. It is a cautionary tale about the dangers of trusting one's enemies and the importance of remaining vigilant in times of war. 1. for 2.most beautiful 3. to end 4. wooden 5. soldiers 6.darkness 7.the 8.and 9.her 10.has become 模块四 课后作业 一．5-6单元reading 句子中译英。 Unit 5 1.交换访问既有教育意义又有趣! ________________________________________________________________________________ 2.一群来自伦敦伍德公园学校（ Woodpark School）的英国学生在北京的新华初中进行交换生活动。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 3.一开始我很紧张，” Sarah 说。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 4.“不过，我寄宿的家庭非常友好。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 我很高兴能在他们家做客。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 6.我已经学会了用筷子，他们正在教我一点中国话！”- ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 7.学生们平日里都与中国学生在一起。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 8.在周末，他们与他们的寄宿家庭一起游览北京周边，参观名胜古迹。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 9.“直到现在，这算是一次奇妙的经历，” Eric 说。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 10.“我已经学了一点太极拳，我真的很喜欢它。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 11.我们已经学了很多中国的文化与历史。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 12.老师还向我们介绍了中国画。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 13.我画得不是很好，但我会继续努力。” ________________________________________________________________________________ 14我们很快将会再见面，因为下个月交换生活动的第二部分他们会来英国了！” ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 1.An exchange visit is educational and interesting! 2.A group of British students from Woodpark School in London are visiting Xinhua Junior High School  in Beijing on an educational exchange. 3.“I was very nervous at first,” says Sarah. 4.“However, my host family are really friendly. 5.- I'm glad to be a guest in their home. 6.  I've learnt to use chopsticks, and they're teaching me a little Chinese!” 7.The students spend the weekdays studying with Chinese students. 8.At the weekend, they tour around Beijing and visit places of interest with their host families. 9.“It's been a fantastic experience so far,” says Eric. 10.“I've learnt a bit of t'ai chi, and I really enjoy it. 11.We've already learnt a lot about Chinese culture and history. 12. The teachers have introduced us to Chinese painting as well. 13. I haven't had much success yet, but I'll keep trying.” 14.We'll see one another soon because they'll come over to the UK for the second part of the exchange next month.  Unit 6 1.首领站在特洛伊城的高墙上。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 2.“希腊人走了，我们赢了，”他说。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 3.“十年来他们一直试图占领我们的城市！” ________________________________________________________________________________ 4. “可是看那边，”一个士兵说。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 5.“他们留下了一个巨大的木马。” ________________________________________________________________________________ 6.找些帮手，把它拉入城内”。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 7.那天晚上，在城的主广场上，所有的特洛伊人都在庆祝。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 8.他们围的木马又唱又跳，在讲着关于愚蠢的希腊人的笑话。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 9.到了午夜，主广场空荡荡的，除了那匹巨大的木马。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 10.突然，木马一侧打开了一道暗门。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 11.他们一个接一个悄悄地从木马里爬出来。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 12.希腊军队入城了。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 13.（就）在一晚上，他们通过一个巧妙的计谋成功地夺取了它。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 1.The captain stood on the high wall of the city of Troy. 2.“The Greeks have gone and we've won,” he said. 3.“They've tried to capture our city for ten years.  4.But look over there,” a soldier said. 5.They've left a huge wooden horse.” 6.Get some help and pull it into the city.” 7.That night, in the main square of the city, all the Trojans celebrated. 8.They sang and danced around the horse, and made jokes about the stupid Greeks. 9.By midnight, the main square was empty, except for the huge horse. 10.Suddenly a secret door opened on the side of the wooden horse.  11.They quietly climbed out of the horse one by one. 12.The Greek army entered the city. 13.In one night, however, they succeeded in capturing it through a clever trick. 二、单项选择 ( ) 1. — How long have you been in this city, Mr Smith? — It 　　　 ten years since I came here. A. is B. was C. will be D. may be ( ) 2. — Have you repaired your bike, Bob? — Yes, I 　　　 it twenty minutes ago. A. have repaired B. repair C. had repaired D. repaired ( ) 3. — Shall we go shopping now? — Sorry, I can’t. I 　　　 my skirts. A. wash B. washes C. washed D. am washing ( ) 4. — Tom, can I borrow your magazine? — Sorry, I 　　　 it to Mary. A. lent B. have lent C. had lent D. lend ( ) 5. — How about your trip to Japan? — We haven’t decided yet. But I’ll let you know as soon as we 　　　 the final decision. A. make B. made C. will make D. are making ( ) 6. — What did the teacher say just now? — He said that the earth 　　　 around the sun. A. go B. goes C. going D. will go (　　)7. —Where did you go last weekend? —I ________ to the Great Wall. A. go　 B. went C. will go D. have gone (　　)8. Please don't make so much noise. The baby________ now. A. sleeps　　 B. slept　 　 C. will sleep　 　D. is sleeping (　　)9. Last week Vivian________ a dress for her mother with her first­month salary. A. buy B. bought C. will buy D. would buy (　　)10. My mother ________ dinner when I got home yesterday. A. has cooked B. was cooking C. will cook D. cooks (　　)11. I ________ Chinese dishes for my foreign friends tomorrow evening. A. will cook B. have cooked C. cook D. cooked (　　)12. With the development of science and technology, robot cooks ________ in our families in the future. A. appear B. appeared C. will appear D. were appearing （ ）13. ______you __________ the film before? Where _____ you ____ it ? A. Have …seen；did…see B. Did …see；did…watch C. Have…seen；have…seen D. Did …see；have…seen （ ）14. —Where ______ John _______ ? —To the library. He _________ there for an hour. A. has…been…has gone B. has…gone…has been 　 C. did…go…went D. did…be…went （ ）15. I _______ the way. I ________ here for quite many years. A. knew…have lived B. knew…live C. know…have lived D. know…live （ ）16. —_____ you ever _____ America ? —Yes, I have. A. Have…gone to B. Have…gone in 　 C. Have…been to D. Have …been in （ ）17.He ________ the Army in 1989. He ______ in the army since then. A. joined…is B. has joined…has been C. had joined…is D. joined …has been （ ）18．There ________ a friendly basketball match at school this afternoon. A．is going to have B．is going to has C．is going to be D．are going to have （ ）19．How many emails ________ you ________ to your friend so far? A．do; write B．have; written C．did; write D．are; writing （ ）20．We have learned English ________ three years ________. That means we’ve learned English ________ three years. A．for; ago; for B．since; ago; for C．for; ago; since D．since; ago; since 答案：ADDBA BBDBB ACABC CDCBB 三、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．It’s time for lunch. She _________ (have) lunch at the table now. 2．Our school ________ (hold) a sports meeting on the playground next month. 3．A car ________ (hit) her at a crossing(十字路口). Luckily, she wasn’t badly hurt. 4．Last Sunday, the Smiths ________ (move) to a new house. 5．I ________ (travel) to Asia ten years ago. 6．Jenny will be able to leave the office only when she ________ (finish) copying this report. 7．He _________(write) a letter to his friend yesterday. 8．Everyone in our class ________ (like) our English teacher. 9．Look! The train is ________ (come). 10．I __________ (leave) my book at home. May I use yours? 11.My friend Brian______(live) in Guangzhou for three years. 12.Tony______(finish) all his work.Look! He is relaxing himself. 13. Great changes ________ (take place) in those villages in the last ten years. 14. Tom can’t get into the room because he ________ (lost) the key to the door. 15. —I hear your father________ (be) to Japan once. —Yes. he________ (go) there last year. 【答案】will hold 【答案】hit 【答案】moved 【答案】travelled 【答案】finishes 【答案】wrote 【答案】likes 【答案】coming 【答案】left 11. has lived 12. Has finished 13. Have taken place 14. Has lost 15. Has been; went Unit5 educational 有关教育的；有教育意义的 exchange 交流；互访 culture 文化 host 主人 local 地方的；当地的 British 英国的 glad 高兴；愉快 guest 客人；宾客 chopstick 筷子 weekday 工作日 tour 在…旅游 fantastic 极好的；了不起的 experience 经历，体验 t'ai chi 太极 already 已经；早已 introduce 使 …初次了解… success 成功 yet 尚未；仍未 respect 慎重对待；尊重 at first 起初；起先 so far 到目前为止；迄今为止 a bit of 小量 introduce...to... 使 …初次了解… come over (to...) 从…到… Unit6 ancient 古代的 Trojan 特洛伊的；特洛伊人 war 战争 understand 懂；理解 difference 差别；不同 pyramid 金字塔 captain 首领 Greek 希腊人 capture 用武力夺取；攻占 soldier 士兵 huge 巨大的 pull 拖，拉动 main 主要的 celebrate 庆祝；庆贺 stupid 笨的；傻的 midnight 午夜；子夜 empty 空的 except 除…之外 secret 秘密的 side 侧面 quietly 安静地 army 陆军部队 enter 进来；进入 succeed 达到目的；实现目标 trick 计谋 prince 王子 queen 王后 steal 偷；窃取 punish 处罚；惩罚 scene 场 sir 先生 act out 将…表演出来 make jokes about 拿…开玩笑；以…为笑柄 except for 除…之外 (be) full of 大量的； 许多的 in the end 最后 come on 快；加油 第 1 页 共 14 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$