上海市建平中学2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题

nullnull建平中学2024学年第一学期期中教学质量检测 高二英语试卷 出卷人&审卷人：高二英语备课组 说明：（1)本场考试时间为120分钟，总分140分； (2)请认真答卷，并用规范文字书写。 I Listening Comprehension Section A Directions:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1.A.At7:15. B.At7:50. C.At8:05. D.At9:00. 2.A.Unconcerned. B.Surprised. C.Doubtful. D.Delighted. 3.A.He is rather disappointed. B.He can't accept the result. C.He knows his own limitation. D.He doesn't care about a promotion. 4.A.She wants to get some sleep. B.She is to prepare a presentation. C.She has to attend a chemistry class. D.She is troubled by her sleep problem. 5.A.Get more food and drinks. B.Invite more people. C.Frepare for a party. D.Tidy up the place. 6.A.Take a taxi to the zoo. B.Walk to the zoo. C.Cross the street. D.Wait for the bus. .7.A.The woman arrived too early for registration. B.The woman got a wrong class permit. C.The woman misplaced her class permit. D.The woman missed the registration deadline. 8.A.They haven't agreed on where to live. B.They don't want to live in a noisy area. C.They both work in the downtown area. D.They hope to save money for the wedding. .9.A.It will clear up in the lake area tomorrow. B.The lake will be clear after the heavy rain. C.The woman is inviting the man to go to the lake. D.The woman might have to change her plan for tomorrow. 10.A.They love Italian food more than anything else. B.They are disappointed at the restaurant's recent changes. C.They are satisfied with the current chef at the restaurant. D.They are unhappy with the prices of food at the restaurant. Section B Directions:In Section B,you will hear a short passage and a longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of them.The passage and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11.A.They found it charming. B.They didn't care about it. C.They were annoyed by it. D.They had mixed feelings about it. 12.A.It wasn't being properly maintained. B.People didn't care whatever mess it might be in. C.There were no effective regulations concerning visitors. D.It was poorly designed and constructed in the first place. 13.A How the White House has become what it is today B.Why more people from home and abroad visit tne White House nowadays. C.How the White House has been damaged by tourists throughout history. D.How the White House became the official residence of the U.S Presiderrt. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14.A.More of them are smoking cigars. B.Teens are becoming more addicted to cigarettes. C.There has been an 11%increase in the number of teen smokers. D.Teens are increasingly exploring healtby alteratives to cigarettes 15.A.Most of the teens buy cigars because of peer pressure. B There are only fruit-flavored cigars available on the market. C.They can be purcbased one at a time so they are afforded by the teens D They are quite expensive and require the teens to save their allowanees.. 16.A.The Cigar Association has taken action against flavoured cigars. B.There are no)special restrictions on the sale of flavoured cigars. C:Teens have been taught cigars are less poisonous than cigarettes D.The attempts to stop teens from smoking cigars have been effective. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17.A.She is interested in attending an American university. B.She is calling to consult for her friend. C.She wants to learn some basic language skills. D.She has to study English for the sake of her job. 2 18.A.To help people find a hetter job B.To help people with English learning. C.To help people get enrolled in a famous university. D.To help people improve communication skills.. 19.A.It is a form that helps the students get a student visd B.It is a certificate that indicates the student's English proficiency. C.It is a certificate that shows the student's education experiences. D.It is a reference letter that helps the students get into the U.S embassy 20.A.Applicants need to pay the tuition at the beginning. B.Applicants must confirm their applications in person. C.Applications can be made through the Internet or by mail. D.Applicants can apply to ioin the program at any time they want. II.Grammar and Vocabulary SectionA Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word:for the other blanks.use one word that best fits each blank. The Hell of the Sandwich Lunch The competition to be the worst two words in the English language is extremely hard-fought. Surprise party.Cruise holiday.Rice pudding.Keen golfer.The list goes on and on.But right up there is "sandwich lunch".Separately,(21)of these words contains lots of beautiful promise. In combination,however,they spell horrible disaster. Most obviously,they signal that your lunch is ruined.You might have been planning to stroll through a park or eat with a friend.Now you will be spending your break 'working,(22) (trap)in a meeting room with several of your colleagues.Even more annoyingly,your manager has announced that sandwiches will be provided(23)you should be grateful for the kindness and consideration. The actual food choices are not yours.Instead,they appear(24)make)by a six-year- old.The centre piece is a platter of sandwiches cut into triangles.There are paper plates.You can't help(25)(look)around for party hats and balloons. Not that you actually eat much.The etiguette (of the sandwich lunch requires everyone to take less than they want,in order to signal that they are team players(26) know how to share.People politely wait their turn and then restrict themselves(27) a few items.Your own paper plate is fairly typical:two triangles of bread,four salt-and-vinegar crisps(),a limp salad leaf and one plum tomato.It's about as appetizing as a cup of sand.You pick up the biggest of your four crisps and put it in your mouth just as the boss begins to lay out the agenda for the discussion.Crisps are never(28)tnoisy)than when eaten at a sandwich lunch.Every bite thunders(响声穿透)through the room;eyes flick your way with each crunch and then back to the speaker.You wonder(29) it takes for a crisp to dissolve()through the action of saliva (alone,and conclude it is better to get the whole thing over with.Cue a 3 desperate loud burst of chewing and all eyes are now on you.The boss has stopped speaking.One final bite,and a swallow.The crisp as well as your promotion prospects(30)(be)dead. Section B Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A.ease B.fitting C.force D.modest E.precisely F.primarily G.robbed H.awesome I.encounter J.starving K.warned The Problem of Totally Epic Language Inflation Stan Carey recently wrote a short blog about language inflation,which ultimately creates devaluation in meaning Today,popular expressions like epic and brilliant are used to express a more 31 meaning than their traditional uses.Brilliant actually means clever,and epic actually means sprising.Such is our desire to elevate words with power and importance,that we use hyperbole(夸张)to draw attention.. The same tendency can be seen in numbers as well.Once giving 110%became cliche,people started insisting that they give 210%,310%,and on and on.To create even more 32behind the phrase,people will also throw in a literally.I literally gave 210%. This is no new trend.My generation destroyed words like awesome and totally.My parents and grandparents 33 of meaning words like incredible,wonderful,and fantastic. Irish novelist C.S.Lewis expressed concern over language inflation:"Don't say infinitely when you mean very;otherwise,you'll have no word left when you want to talk about something really infinite." And this is34 where we find ourselves right now.We have no words35 when we want to say that something truly is awe-inspiring. This can also make it all the more difficult for modern readers to connect with older books. Particularly,it can cheapen our understanding of the Scriprares ()As a child of the 80s,I was never at36 calling God awesome,because as far as I knew,it meant something much less great.If my sunglasses are totally awesome,I need some other word for God! Our souls are37in the current culture.We neglect the spiritual aspects of our own existence more and more.It makes sense that the language would reflect that as well.Caring 38 for our physical needs,we run across fewer moments that inspire us with true awe. Those emotions would require a(n)39 with the significant and the time to contemplate 思)t But who's got the time or the desire for that?We'll settle for (pretty good experiences and call them totally 40 I.Reading Comprehension Section A Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. 4 Dare to Follow Almost everyone aspires to lead.If there is one thing anyone with a job and a pulse needs to learn,it is how to 41.That,at least,is the message from the tsunami of books,courses, videos and podcasts on the topic.Business schools offer all kinds of leadership training.You are told how to lead without actually being a leader. 42 in all this is an inconvenient fact.Most people in the workforce are not leaders and pretty much everyone 43 someone else.The most useful skill to have in your current job may well be how to be a good follower. That leaders depend on followers might seem blindingly obvious,but the way that people lower down the ladder interact with those above them gets much less attention than the44.A comer of the management literature is 45 to "followership",but it remains small,for several reasons. The first is that you don't need any advice to achieve the position of 46;you will never be more of one than on the very first day of your very first job. The second reason is that,although some people have little desire to be in a position of authority, very few aspire to follow.The word itself is associated with 47,weakness and complaints. In an experiment conducted by Colette Hoption of Seattle University and her co-authors,people who were randomly assigned to the role of followers felt unhappier and were less willing to do work at the weekends and early in the morning than those given the48of leaders The third reason why the art of following gets little attention is that most subordinates() have much less agency than the people 49 them.There is often no choice in whom you report to.Leaders,not followers,set the tone:50bosses are not old-school command-and- control types,they shape how everyone beneath them behaves.. If such things explain why leadership is 51,the behaviour of followers is still crucial. Hierarchies(等级制度)can be more fluid(流动的)than they sometimes look:as teams form and dissolve,you may be leading a project one month and 52 the next.Things generally go better when people at every level are engaged in their work and prepared to take on responsibility. Proactivity is a big part of being an effective follower.One of the fathers of the field,Robert Kelley,has usefully 53 five styles of followership:sheep,yes-people,unfriendly followers, pragmatists,and stars.Which54of follower people fall into will undoubtedly depend on their boss.But it will also depend on them:on whether they ingratiate()themselves with their managers or 55them;on whether they see their boss as someone to support or complain about.As the British Army puts it,"To follow effectively...is a choice." 41.A.start B.lead C.acquire D.convey 42.A.Special B.Abundant C.Missing D.Competent 43.A.counts on B.reports to C.calls for D.alternates with 44.A.reverse B.authority C.agenda D.convention 45.A.blinded B.reduced C.dedicated D.accustomed 46.A.candidate B.consultant C.executive D.follower 47.A.courage B.passivity C.discrimination D.dignity 48.A.leisure B.duty C.label D.payment 49.A.supervising B.surrounding C.defending D.entertaining 50.A.even if B.now that C.given that D.provided that 5 51.A.under the weather B.in the dark C.in the spotlight D.on cloud nine 52.A.contributing B.dominating C.selecting D.appointing 53.A.hired B.surveyed C.identified D.designed 54.A.campaign B.category C.trap D.business 55.A.defend B.sponsor C.influence D.challenge Section B Directions:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (a) A biography of Bill Gates:Dollar Bill "Americans appear to be growing increasingly uneasy about billionaires,"observes Anupreeta Das,a journalist at the New York Times.With his long career and its many ups and downs,Mr. Gates is"the perfect prism()through which to project tricky moral questions"in pursuit of a collective rethink"about American values. In the biography,Ms.Das goes from the founding of Microsoft in 1975 to its stock market flotation ()11 years later.By 1995 Mr.Gates was the youngest billionaire and the richest person in America but was facing a new problem:his company was so dominant that it attracted the attention of antitrust regulators.The heroic nerd had come to be seen as a villain(). So,Mr.Gates reinvented himself as a philanthropist ()establishing the world's largest charitable foundation with his then wife Melinda and promoting among other biliionaires the Giving Pledge (a promise to donate most of one's wealth to charitable causes).So successful was this reinvention that Mr.Gates was the most admired man in the world from 2014 to 2019,according to YouGov polls. But then his scandals (led to the collapse of his marriage.At the same time,the power of his foundation began to come under increasing inspection.The foundation pours billions into public-health initiatives,outspending many governments,and thus shapes health policy in many coumtries-yet it is accountable to nobody but the Gateses.During the covid-19 pandemic,Mr. Gates was also the subject of conspiracy theories )suggesting that he was profiting from vaccines and even injecting tiny microchips into people.The hero had once again become a villain. But Ms.Das's book is most interesting when it shows how Mr.Gates has influenced other billionaires,such as Mark Zuckerberg and Jeff Bezos,-how they have followed his example,and how they have not. The book shows Mr.Gates from many angles but provides few insights of him as a person. There is a Gates-shaped hole at the centre of the narrative;Ms.Das was not allowed to interview Mr.Gates.So what does she conclude about billionaires?They are,she suggests,lighmning rods( )for deeper concerns about inequality and privilege.But she holds back from making a strong argument about Mr.Gates.A book that promises to tackle billionaires'place in society asks many questions,but also asks readers to make up their own minds. 56.What is the main purpose of Anupreeta Das's biography of Bill Gates? A.To document the personal life and career success of Bill Gates. B To celebrate Bill Gates's achievements in the technology industry. 6 C.To provide a detailed account of the history of Microsoft. D.To explore the moral implications of America values. 57.Why was Bill Gates regarded a villain? Microsoft was so dominant as to attract the attention of antitrust regulators. 2He established the world's largest charitable foundation and reinvented himself as a philanthropist. 3His investment in public-health initiatives exceeded many governments,thus shaping health policy accountable to only the Gateses. 4He was accused of profiting from vaccines and even injecting tiny microchips into people during the covid-19 pandemic. A.①②④ B.①③④ C.②③④ D.①②③④ 58.Which of the following is most likely to be included in this book? A.A specific description of Ms.Das'interview with Bill Gates and the transcript of it. B.Bill Gates'personality,hobbies,and personal anecdotes in his early life at Microsoft. C The story that Mr.Zuckerberg faced his own crisis,and turned to Mr.Gates for advice. D.Ms.Das'strong argument about Mr.Gates,such as concerns about inequality and privilege. 59.What is the overall tone of the author towards Bill Gates and other tech billionaires in this bopk? A.Neutral and informative. B.Admiring and supportive. C.Critical and disapproving. D.Sympathetic and understanding. (B) Hiking Three Great Walks THE LARAPINTA TRAIL Difficulty:Moderate The Larapinta Trail is a 142-mile bushwalk across the Northern Territory's sunbaked West MacDonnell Ranges,traversing arid outcrops before descending to swimming holes.Starting in Alice Springs/Mparntwe,it takes nearly three weeks to hike the length of the trail to its glorious sunrise climax at Mount Sonder,but the trail is divided into 12 sections to allow for day walks, overnight treks and multi-day hikes.World Expeditions offers packages ranging from self-guided treks to all-inclusive guided tours with stays at tented eco-camps,from A$4,000(2,040)per person. larapintatrail.com.au worldexpeditions.com CAPE TO CAPE WALK Difficulty:Moderate Western Australia's Margaret River draws surfers and oenophiles thanks to its bountiful breaks and wineries.Weaving between them is the 77-mile Cape to Cape Track,a coastal trail that navigates karri forests and cliffs along the length of Leeuwin-Naturaliste National Park.The trail can take up to seven days to complete and is open year-round-plan your visit between June and December for the chance to spot humpback whales during their annual migration.Basic camping is 'allowed on the trail but a popular option is to stay in Margaret River and catch shuttles from there to the trailheads.capetocapetrack.com.au SCENIC RIM TRAIL Difficulty:Hard Queensland's four-day,29-mile Scenic Rim Trail starts with a heart-pumping climb 2,300ft up the Mistake Mountains.From here,you're met with steep,track that meander through ancient rainforest.Look out for koalas in the treetops and kangaroos bouncing across the path and spend the night camping beneath eucalypts.The challenging topography means independent hiking is best left to experienced navigators.Spicers Scenic Rim Trail offers small group tours with stays in luxury tents and farmhouses,from A$1,750(E900)per person.parks.desi.qld.gov.au scenicrimtrail.com 60.Which of the following statement is TRUE? You can go camping on all of these three hiking trails. B.You can spot many wild animals when hiking the larapinta trail. CrIt is recommended for beginner hikers to choose the scenic rim trail. D.The difficulty,cost,length and related site of each hiking route are mentioned in the passage. 61.John has a budget of A$2,000 and two weeks of vacation time to go on a hiking adventure.He loves sea views,and is also a wine lover.Which trail would be the most suitable for him? A.The larapinta trail. B.Cape to cape walk. C.Scenic rim trail. D.None of them. 62.Where is this article most likely to appear? A.China Daily B.The Economist C.The New Yorker D.National Geographic Traveller (C) Increasingly,AI-generated outputs drift across our feeds and searches.Far beyond our screens, the entire culture is becoming affected. A recent study examining scientists'peer reviews revealed that the word "meticulous ) was used 34 times more often than in the previous year.The phrasing,one of the favorite buzzwords of modern large language models like ChatGPT,indicates that many researchers are handing their work over to Al. This reflects a much bigger problem.Any viral post on social media now almost certainly includes AI-generated replies,all to attract follows.Then there is the growing use of AI to scale the creation of cheap synthetic videos for children on YouTube.The narratives make no sense,and characters appear and disappear randomly. As a neuroscientist,this worries me.Isn't it possible that human culture contains within it cognitive nutrients-things like cohesive narrations and character continuity-that developing brains need?But what happens when a toddler is consuming mostly AI-generated content? It's worth looking to a historical analogy (for our current situation:the environmental movement.For just as companies and individuals were driven to pollute by economic incentives, so,too,is AI's cultural pollution driven by a rational decision to fill the internet's appetite for content as cheaply as possible.However,there has been undeniable progress keeping our cities mostly free of smog.How? Garrett Hardin,a biologist and ecologist,emphasized in 1968 that pollution was an overexploitation of shared resources driven by people acting in their own interest,and that "we are locked into a system of 'fouling (our own nest,'so long as we behave only as independent, rational,free enterprisers..”He summed up the problem as a“"tragedy of the commons(公共用地)” This acknowledgement was crucial to the environmental movement,which relied on goverment regulation to do what companies alone could or would not do. Once again,we find ourselves enacting a tragedy of the commons:short-term economic self- interest encourages using cheap AI content to maximize clicks and views,which in turn pollutes our culture.And so far,major AI companies are refusing to heip identify Al's creation-which they could do by adding statistical patterns hidden in word use or in the pixels of images. To deal with this corporate refusal to act we need the equivalent of a Clean Air Act:a Clean Internet Act.A simple solution would be to legislatively force advanced watermarking in Al- generated outputs.Just as the 20th century required extensive interventions to protect the shared environment,the 21st century must protect a different,but equally critical,common resource:our shared human culture. 63.Why does the author express corcern? A.AI-generated content is difficult to detect. B.Young children are overly exposed to online content. C.Our culture is affected by low-quality AI-generated content. D.Technological issues,similar to environmental problems,are serious. 64.Which of the following examples best illustrates a"tragedy of the commons"? A.Fishermen overfishing to earn as much as possibie. B.Netizens uploading an excessive number of videos online. C.Students using AI to generate answers for exam questions. D.Governments failing to establish partnership with companies. 65.According to the author,the issue discussed can be resolved by A.controlling the volume of AI-generated content B.regulating AI outputs to make them more identifiable C.urging tech companies to improve the quality of AI generation D.encouraging people to treat culture as seriously as they treat environmental issues 66.Which of the following serves as the most suitable title for the passage? A.A tragedy of the commons:the importance of regulation B.AI outputs are overwhelming:potential risks of AI technology C.Navigating the digital age:why AI should be used with caution D.Addressing Al-generated garbage:endangered culture needs legislation 9 Section C Directions:Read the passage carefully.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A.But that is complicated by another of the researchers'findings. B.They are predatory birds that will gladly seize unattended eggs. C.Now a paper by Libourel and Lee reports another clever adaptation. D.The birds may readily steal nesting materials from unguarded neighbours,for instance. E.But the fact that the birds are able to incubate eggs under such conditions proves the naps useful. F.Like ducks,chinstrap penguins can sleep with either their whole brain or with just one hemisphere at a time. The biology of sleep:Forty thousand naps near the sea Sleep is a bit of an evolutionary mystery.A sleeping animal cannot look for food,defend its territory or flee from danger.The fact that sleep is nonetheless common among animals suggests its restorative powers are essential.So does the fact that,if laboratory animals are deprived of it for long enough,they die. Some animals,though,have developed unique ways to balance the need for sleep and the need for staying alert.Dolphins and ducks can sleep with only half their brains at a time,leaving the other haif alert.__67_Chinstrap penguins(帽带企鹅)，it seems,.take their sleep in the form of thousands of tiny micro-naps The researchers captured 14 penguins on King George Island,and their brain activity was tracked remotely through electrodes.While ducks sleep in long stretches,the researchers discovered that the penguins were napping for just a few seconds at a time,hundreds of times an hour. They offer two explanations for the penguins'sleep patterns.The first is to do with external threats.Penguins often incubate ()their eggs alone while their partners are away foraging for food.Colonies are threatened by brown skuas )68 Broken sleep may be an evolutionarily smart way of getting some shut-eye during long egg-guarding watches while still remaining able to react to danger. 69 Birds with nests near the edge of the colony ought to be at greater risk than those in the centre.But birds on the edges of the colony seemed to enjoy longer and deeper naps than those near the middle. That leads to the second suggestion,which is to do with the penguins themselves.Penguin colonies are noisy,crowded places,and threats may come from within as well as without. 70 Birds in the bustling,crime-ridden centre of the colony may simply find it harder to get any shut-eye than those living in the safer,quieter suburbs. Choosing between those theories will require more research.Both,of course,could prove to be true. 10