专项4 非谓语动词-【易中考】2024年中考总复习英语（河南专版）

专项四 非谓语动词 语法精讲 考点1》动词不定式 动词不定式在句中不能单独作谓语，其基 的动词有：ask,tell,want,order,teach,invite, 本形式为：to+动词原形(to有时可省略)，否定 wish,warm,allow等。 形式为：not to+动词原形。其形式不随主语的 Mom asked me to clean my room just now. 人称、数的变化而变化。 妈刚才让我打扫我的房间。 一、动词不定式的基本用法 5.作状语 1.作主语 动词不定式可以作状语修饰动词，用来表 动词不定式作主语时常常用t作形式主 示目的、结果、原因等。 语，而把不定式（真正的主语）放在后面。常用 I went to the library to borrow some books. 句型：ls+ad.(+for/ofsb.）+to do sth.。 去图书馆借几本书。 It is helpful to learn words by remembering 6.作定语 hem in groups..分组记忆单词对我们来说是有 动词不定式作定语时常置于被修饰词之 帮助的。 后，作后置定语，与被修饰的词存在逻辑上的动 2.作表语 宾关系。 动词不定式作表语常置于系动词之后。 There are many rooms to live in here.这里有 My work is to water the flowers every day. 许多房间可以居住。 的工作就是每天浇花。 二、动词不定式的特殊用法 3.作宾语 1.“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法 (1)常见后接不定式的动词（组）有：agree, 不定式可以和疑问词who,which,what, ask,begin,choose,decide,expect,fail,hate, when,how,where(why除外)等连用，在句子中 hope,would like,manage,offer,plan,promise, 作主语、宾语或表语等。作宾语时，能转化成宾 refuse,try,want,wish 语从句。 He expects to see a movie this weekend.他期 When to leave here is not decided yet.何时 待着这个周末能去看电影。 离开这里还没有定下来。 (2)在find,think,make等词后跟动词不 I can't decide which one to choose.I can't 定式作宾语时，常用t作形式宾语，将真正的宾 decide which one should be chosen.我不能决定 语放在后面。 选哪一个。 I find it hard to understand your words..我发 2.常见省略to的情况 现你的话很难听懂。 ◆动词不定式作感官动词和使役动词的宾语 4.作宾语补足语 补足语时要省略o。这些动词（短语）有：一感 动词不定式作宾语补足语时常用于“动词 (feel)、二听(hear,listen to)、三让(let,make, +sb.+to do sth.”结构。常接“宾语+宾补” have)、四看(look at,see,watch,notice)。但当 英语)151。 它们用于被动语态时，必须还原to(let没有被 I want to see him and tell him the good 动语态)。 news.我想见到他并告诉他这个好消息。（表并 主动：Lily saw Tom pick up your bag.→ 列)》 被动：Tom was seen to pick up your bag by Lily To try and fail is better than not to try at 莉莉看见汤姆捡起了你的包。 l.尝试后失败总比不尝试好。（表对比）】 ◆help后接动词不定式作宾语补足语时，to 、易错提醒非谓语动词和祈使句的混用 可带可不带。 若逗号后无连词，直接是一个句子，则 Can you help me(to)carry the box？你能帮 前半句用非谓语动词：若逗号后有and或or 我搬这个箱子吗？ 等并列连词，则前半句为祈使句。 ◆当两个或多个作用相同的动词不定式表 To catch the early bus,I got up very early 并列时，通常只需在第一个动词不定式中用to, today.为了赶上早班车，我今天起得很早。 其余动词不定式中的o可省略。但是如果两者 Hurry up,or we will miss the train. 有对比关系，则后面不定式中的to不能省略。 点，不然我们将错过火车。 考点2动名词 动名词具有名词的特征，具体用法如下： 、特别注意常见后接动名词作宾语的动词 1.作主语 (短语)如下： 动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，如 avoid避免 consider考虑 enjoy喜欢 果是并列的动名词（短语），谓语动词则用复数。 finish完成 imagine想象 keep坚持 Eating too much is bad for your health.吃太 mind介意 suggest建议 practice练习 多对你的健康有害。 be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 Reading and studying in bed are bad for your can'/couldn't help doing sth.情不自禁做某事 eyes.在床上看书和学习对你的限睛不好。 feel like doing sth..想要做某事 2.作表语 give up doing sth.放弃做某事 多数情况下，动名词作表语可以转化成动 look forward to doing sth.期待做某事 名词作主语。 can't stand doing sth.不能忍受做某事 His hobby is collecting stamps.Collecting be worth doing sth,值得做某事 stamps is his hobby.他的业余爱好是收集邮票。 be busy doing sth.忙于做某事 3.作宾语 动名词作宾语时分为动词宾语和介词宾 4.作定语 语，表示一般的习惯或抽象行为或经常性的 动名词作定语时只表明它所修饰的词的用 动作。 途、所属关系等。置于修饰词之前 I will finish reading the book this weekend. She is in the reading room.她在阅览室 我这个周末将读完这本书。（动词宾语） 里面。 You can't stop people from saying what they 【注意】有些词既可以接动词不定式，也可 thik.你不能阻止人们说出他们的想法。（介词 以接动名词作宾语，但含义不同。 宾语)》 。152(河南易中考 stop doing sth.停止做某事 regret doing sth.后悔做过某事（已做） stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事 regret to do sth.对要做的事感到遗憾 ry doing sth.尝试做某事 (未做) try to do sth.设法或尽力去做某事 need doing sth.某事需要被做（被动含义） forget/remember doing sth.忘记/记得做 need to do sth.需要去做某事（主动含义）》 过某事（已做） mean doing sth.意味着做某事 forget/remember to do sth.忘记/记得去 mean to do sth.打算或想做某事 做某事（未做） 即学即练 局基础训练 8.(2023·泰安改编)To avoid food,our 从方框中选择恰当的词，并用其适当形式 school held a“Clear Your Plate”activity. 9. 填空，每空不限填一词，每词限用一次。 the people locked inside,the firemen broke down the door. know answer dance stay protect 10.It's necessary for students the send waste rise reach swim importance of studying. l.(2023·福建改编)lt's reported that China plans :过”语篇提升 astronauts to the moon before 2030. 语篇填空第二节（综合练）】 2.(2023·绥化改编)18awLy when I Cindy was eight years old and lived with her passed her room. parents in California.One day,her parents told 3.(2023·台州改编)It's raining outside,and you her to leave California in a week and move to need warm clothes you against the Florida with the family 1. her father cold. found a new job there.A week later,after they 4.(2023·成都改编)Jiuzhaigou is one of the most moved to Florida,Cindy couldn't stop herself from popular places in China and the number of the missing her old friends.Her mother took her to meet her new teacher.The teacher said, visitors keeps "Welcome to our school,Cindy.Let me tell you 5.(2023·天津改编)David learnt when 2. to do in our second-grade class.We he was five. start the day 3. reading and writing. 6.(2023·自贡改编)一Mike,we are told not After that,we do math.Then we go out the phone while crossing the street. have a long rest for outdoor -I am sorry.I won't do it again. activities.We eat lunch at eleven o'clock.Then 7.(2023·水州改编)I've decided away we have science.Finally,we go to music and art from fried food and soft drinks since I had my classes for 5. last hour of the day.It's medical exam. relaxing to learn music and art. 英语)153。for our help now.As middle school students,we have the 语篇提升 power to make a difference and help save the earth! 一、完形填空 To protect the earth,we can start by saving water. 1-5 ABDAB 6-10 CAABA planting more trees,and reducing pollution.We can also 二、语篇填空第一节 save animals and recycle whenever possible.What's more, 1.could 2.felt 3.tasted 4.must 5.may 6.should we can choose to ride a bike instead of driving a car to help 专项三 动词的时态和语态 stop pollution.and make sure to throw rubbish in the proper 即学即练 bins. 基础训练 By doing our part,we can make a positive impact on 1.rode 2.is playing 3.travels 4.is spoken 5.was playing 6.will/are going to give 7.have read the environment and create a better future for ourselves and 8.sells 9.has been away 10.be thrown 11.are planted generations to come. 12.were singing 13.am making 14.was taken 第二部分 语法巩固篇 15.studied 16.have been 语篇提升 专项一名词 一、语篇填空第一节 即学即练 A.时态专项练 基础训练 1.threw 2.want 3.becoming 4.helps 5.produce B.语态专项练 1.water 2.tomatoes 3.courage 4.Children's 5.guests 1.was produced 2.be used 3.be made 4.was created 6.players 7.spirit 8.influence 9.manners 10.symbol C,综合练 语篇提升 1.in 2.killing 3.their 4.harmful 5.slowly 6.If 一、完形填空 7.strongest 8.traded 9.groups 10.far 1-5 CBCBD 6-8 ADC 二、语篇填空第二节 二、语篇填空第一节 A.时态专项练 Passage 1 1.has 2.was 3.had 4.didn't 5.will 1.cards 2.letters 3.words 4.surprise 5.skills B.综合练 6.child 7.reply 8.subject(s)9.people 10.paper 1.was 2.where 3.with 4.because 5.a Passage 2 专项四 非谓语动词 1.classmates 2.idea 3.introduction 4.hands 5.times 即学即练 6.feelings 7.questions 8.dreams 9.video 10.Jenny's 基础训练 专项二 动词和动词短语 1.to send 2.dancing 3.to protect 4.rising 5.to swim 即学即练 6.to answer 7.to stay 8.wasting 9.To reach 基础训练 10.to know -,1.taste 2.happen 3.discuss 4.keep 5.expect 语篇提升 6.satisfies 7.take 8.hold 语篇填空第二节 二，1.dom12.are3.must4.cn5.out6.up 1.because 2.what 3.with 4.to 5.the 21