第08讲 单项选择之主谓一致（知识梳理+考点精讲精练+实战训练）-【决胜春考】2025 春季高考英语冲刺总复习（天津专用）

( 第 0 8 讲： 单项选择之主谓一致 ) 1、 考试要求 主谓一致是历年高考常考的知识点。近几年新高考对主谓一致的考查主要集中以主谓一致的原则和与时态语态的结合为主。 高频考点： 1. 主谓一致的原则 2. 主谓一致的基本用法 2、 命题分析 年份 主谓一致 难度系数 2023 语法一致 0.85 2022 语法一致 0.85 2020 语法一致 0.4 2019 语法一致 0.65　 一、主谓一致原则概述 主谓一致即在句子中谓语动词的数必须和主语的数保持一致。一般可根据三个原则来确定：语法一致原则；意义一致原则；就近一致原则。 二、语法一致原则 1. 定义 语法一致：主语的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。 2. 用法 （1）可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 Percy has made great progress in Chinese. 珀西的汉语取得了很大进步。 （2）代词all作主语：指人时，谓语动词用复数；指事物或现象时，谓语动词通常用单数。 All are equal before the law. 法律面前，人人平等。 All is well that ends well. 结局好一切都好。 （3）不定式、动名词和名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数；what引导的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于作表语的名词的单复数。 That he has won the game is known to us all. 他赢了这场比赛是我们都知道的事。 Listening to music makes me relaxed after a busy day. 听音乐使我在一天的忙碌之后得到了放松。 To learn a foreign language is not so difficult as you think. 学会一门外语并不像你想象的那么难。 注意： 从句作主语时，若主句谓语部分为系表结构，主句谓语的数通常由作表语的名词/代词决定。 What they need is money while what we need most are textbooks. 他们需要的是钱，而我们最需要的是教科书。 （4）many a, the whole, each, every, either, neither＋单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；each, every, no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使有and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。 Many a page in this book is missing. 这本书缺了许多页。 More than one person is involved in this matter. 此事有牵连的不止一个人。 Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the party held on Sunday. 每个男生和女生都希望参加周日的聚会。 （5）主语后接介词短语或其他插入语时，如with, together with, as well as, along with, besides, like, but, except, including, rather than, accompanied by, in addition to, more than, no less than,等，谓语动词的人称和数与主语的人称和数保持一致。 Pronunciation as well as grammar changes quickly. 发音与语法一样变化很快。 The leader and artist as well as some of our English teachers was given a chance to go abroad last year. 那位领导兼艺术家和我们的一些英语老师去年得到了一次出国的机会。 （6）and, both…and…连接两个不同的主语时，谓语动词用复数；and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或事物时，谓语动词用单数。 Her teacher and her friends are on holiday. 她的老师和朋友们都在度假中。 The poet and writer has produced many works. 这位诗人兼作家创作了许多作品。 Her teacher and her friends are in the sitting room. 她的老师和朋友们都在客厅。 （7）由lots of, a lot of, a number of, plenty of等修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词与所修饰的名词形式保持一致。 A great deal of water is polluted every year. 每年大量的水被污染。 A great number of students who were invited to the party were from my school. 很多被邀来参加晚会的学生来自于我校。 注意： quantities/amounts of修饰名词时，谓语动词的单复数取决于quantity和amount的单复数形式。 Quantities of information are available on the Internet. 在网上可得到大量的信息。 （8）定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致；如果定语从句修饰前面的整个句子，从句中的谓语动词用单数。 Russia is upgrading its northern fleet, which includes 18 icebreakers. 俄罗斯正在升级它的北海舰队，准备增加18艘破冰船。 My friend showed me around the town, which was very kind of me. 我的朋友真是太好了，他带我参观了这个小镇。 Those who were praised at the meeting would be sent to America for further study. 在这次会议上被表扬的人将被派到美国深造。 （9）倒装句中谓语动词的数与后面的主语保持一致，即谓语后面的主语是单数，动词用单数；谓语后面的主语是复数，动词用复数。 A building stands in front of us. →In front of us stands a building. 我们面前矗立着一栋楼。 （10）在强调句中，如果被强调的成分是原来句子的主语，引导词that(或who)后面的谓语与被强调的成分在人称和数上保持一致。在“It+be动词+被强调部分+that/who…”强调句型中，be动词一般用单数；如果强调的是主语，that/who的谓语动词由被强调部分决定。 It is Lily who is a doctor. 莉莉是一名医生。 三、意义一致原则 1. 定义 形单意复或形复意单的名词作主语时，谓语动词要根据主语的意义决定。 2. 用法 （1）形式为单数但意义为复数的名词作主语时，如police, cattle等，谓语动词用复数。 The police have not made any arrests. 警方未逮捕任何人。 （2）表示时间、距离、长度、价值、金额、重量等的复数名词作主语时，常被看作整体，谓语动词用单数。 Twenty years is a long time. 二十年是一段很长的时间。 Three thousand miles is a long distance. 三千英里是一段很长的距离。 （3）以“-s”结尾却表示单数或不可数概念的名词作主语时，如maths, physics, politics, news等，谓语动词用单数。 Maths is my favorite subject. 数学是我最喜欢的科目。 Bad news travels quickly. 坏事传千里。 （4）表示某国人总称的名词作主语时，如the Chinese, the British, the Irish等，谓语动词用复数。 The Chinese are hard-working. 中国人民是勤劳的。 （5）单复数同形的名词作主语时，如 sheep，deer，fish，means，works（工厂）等，谓语动词的数与实际意义一致。 Three sheep are eating grass there. 三只羊正在那里吃草。 A sheep is lying there. 有只羊正躺在那里。 All means have been tried. 所有方式都试过了。 Every means has been tried. 每一种方式都试过了。 （6）表示一类人的the poor/ rich/ dead/ injured/ wounded等和“the＋姓氏复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 The Greens are going to Paris. 格林一家要去巴黎。 The Smiths go out for a walk after dinner every day. 史密斯夫妇每天晚饭后都出去散步。 They provided food and shelter for the poor. 他们为贫困者提供食物和住所。 The wounded have been cured and the lost have been found. 受伤的人被治愈，同时失踪的人也被找到了。 （7）集体名词作主语时，如 family, class, crew team, group, public, audience, committee, crowd, government等，谓语动词的单复数要根据主语所指的意义而定。当集体名词被作为一个整体看待时，谓语动词用单数；如果指其中各个成员时，谓语动词用复数。 The whole class are doing experiments. 全班学生正在做实验。（强调class里的各个成员） The whole class consists of twenty-five boys and twenty girls. 这个班由25个男生和20个女生组成。（强调class这一整体） （8）分数、百分数指代或修饰名词时，谓语动词的数与其所修饰的名词的数保持一致。the rest, the remaining/part ...，plenty of, a great deal of等＋主语，谓语动词应根据所表达的单复数意义而定。 The number of staff has declined from 218,000 to 116,000. 员工人数从21.8万下降到了11.6万。 A great deal of bitter experience had taught him how to lose gracefully. 大量惨痛的经历让他学会了如何坦然面对失败。 A number of measures were being taken to protect the endangered animals. 人们正采取各种措施保护濒危动物。 四、就近一致原则 1. 定义 谓语动词要和离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。 2. 用法 （1）并列连词连接的成分作主语 or, either…or…, neither…nor…, not…but…, not only…but (also)…等并列连词连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要与最靠近的主语保持一致。 Was he or you able to persuade her? 是你还是他能够说服她？ Neither I nor my daughter likes pop music. 我和我女儿都不喜欢流行音乐。 Not only the door but also the windows are open. 门和窗户都开着。 Either you or he is to take part in the competition. 要么你去参加竞赛，要么他去。 Neither Jim nor his parents know anything about it. 吉姆和他母亲都不知道这件事。 （2）there be, here be结构中 在there be, here be结构中，若有几个并列成分作主语，谓语动词的单复数由最靠近的主语决定。 There is an apple and some oranges on the table. 桌子上有一个苹果和一些橘子。 There are some oranges and an apple on the table. 桌子上有一些橘子和一个苹果。 There is a pen, two knives and several books on the table. 桌子上有一支钢笔、两把小刀和几本书。 There are two knives, a pen and several books on the table. 桌子上有两把小刀、一支钢笔和几本书。 （3）many a/more than one＋单数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。 Many a parent was forced to go through this same painful process. 很多父母都被迫经历这一段痛苦的过程。 1．（2023·天津·高考真题）Human impact on the animal kingdom, such as hunting and destruction of habitats, ___________a reduction in the population of certain species in the past three decades. A．has caused B．have caused C．was causing D．were causing 2．（2022·天津·高考真题）Critical reasoning, together with problem-solving, ________ teenagers to make better decisions. A．prepare B．prepares C．is preparing D．are preparing 3．（2020·江苏·高考真题）If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that ______ everyone. A．suit B．suited C．suits D．has suited 4．（2020·天津·高考真题）The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______ around that level ever since. A．are remaining B．have remained C．is remaining D．has remained 5．（2020·天津·高考真题）A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city ____________ in favour of the proposal on health care reform. A．is B．are C．was D．were 6．（2019·江苏·高考真题）The musician along with his band members ________ ten performances in the last three months. A．gives B．has given C．have given D．give 7．（2024·山东·三模）The son, rather than his parents, ________ responsible for the fire accident. A．is B．are C．be D．were 8．（2024·天津河北·二模）Many a new safety rule ______ in schools over the last three years to help create a happier and more secure learning environment. A．has made B．has been made C．have been made D．have made 9．（2024·天津·二模）An expert, together with some assistants, ______ in the lab day and night since the outbreak of the flu. A．was working B．were working C．have been working D．has been working 10．（2024·山东·三模）—A number of students ______ on the bus. —Let me count. The number of them ______ 60. A．are; are B．is; are C．are; is D．is; is 11．（2024·山东济南·二模）— ______of the world’s quality paper ______from this region. —Wow, that’s great! A．Ninety percent; comes B．Ninety percents; comes C．Ninety percents; come D．Ninety percent; come 12．（2024·天津·二模）Lily wants to read this science fiction as well, so when you ________ please give it to her. A．have finished B．will finish C．are finishing D．finished 13．（2024·天津和平·三模）Not only some international stars but also the Chinese singer and dancer ______ wonderful performances at the concert recently. A．had given B．have given C．is giving D．has given 14．（2024·天津滨海新·三模）Many a measure ______ to develop local industries and promote tourism since the launch of the Green Rural Program. A．has been taken B．are taken C．have been taken D．is taken 15．（2024·天津·二模）There is a river near my home, into which large quantities of waste water _______ poured every day in the past. A．were B．have been C．was D．has been 16．（2024·天津·一模）Linda as well as her two close friends into universities in Beijing last year. A．was admitted B．were admitted C．has been admitted D．had been admitted 17．（2022·天津南开·模拟预测）For many years, more than one generation of schoolchildren ________ by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth. A．have been amazed B．has been amazed C．was amazed D．were amazed 18．（2020·江苏苏州·三模）This amusement park with all the exciting rides and other fun activities_____also home to  outdoor concerts every summer. A．are B．have been C．is D．has been 19．（23-24高三上·广东深圳·期末）The issue ________ at this moment yesterday by the company’s managers. A．was being discussed B．is being discussed C．had discussed D．was discussing 20．（23-24高三上·天津河西·期末）The villagers hope that the world knows more about their traditional art that _________ for hundreds of years through the TV program. A．preserved B．has been preserved C．will be preserved D．was preserved ( 第 2 页 共 11 页 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ ( 第 0 8 讲： 单项选择之主谓一致 ) 1、 考试要求 主谓一致是历年高考常考的知识点。近几年新高考对主谓一致的考查主要集中以主谓一致的原则和与时态语态的结合为主。 高频考点： 1. 主谓一致的原则 2. 主谓一致的基本用法 2、 命题分析 年份 主谓一致 难度系数 2023 语法一致 0.85 2022 语法一致 0.85 2020 语法一致 0.4 2019 语法一致 0.65　 一、主谓一致原则概述 主谓一致即在句子中谓语动词的数必须和主语的数保持一致。一般可根据三个原则来确定：语法一致原则；意义一致原则；就近一致原则。 二、语法一致原则 1. 定义 语法一致：主语的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。 2. 用法 （1）可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 Percy has made great progress in Chinese. 珀西的汉语取得了很大进步。 （2）代词all作主语：指人时，谓语动词用复数；指事物或现象时，谓语动词通常用单数。 All are equal before the law. 法律面前，人人平等。 All is well that ends well. 结局好一切都好。 （3）不定式、动名词和名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数；what引导的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于作表语的名词的单复数。 That he has won the game is known to us all. 他赢了这场比赛是我们都知道的事。 Listening to music makes me relaxed after a busy day. 听音乐使我在一天的忙碌之后得到了放松。 To learn a foreign language is not so difficult as you think. 学会一门外语并不像你想象的那么难。 注意： 从句作主语时，若主句谓语部分为系表结构，主句谓语的数通常由作表语的名词/代词决定。 What they need is money while what we need most are textbooks. 他们需要的是钱，而我们最需要的是教科书。 （4）many a, the whole, each, every, either, neither＋单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；each, every, no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使有and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。 Many a page in this book is missing. 这本书缺了许多页。 More than one person is involved in this matter. 此事有牵连的不止一个人。 Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the party held on Sunday. 每个男生和女生都希望参加周日的聚会。 （5）主语后接介词短语或其他插入语时，如with, together with, as well as, along with, besides, like, but, except, including, rather than, accompanied by, in addition to, more than, no less than,等，谓语动词的人称和数与主语的人称和数保持一致。 Pronunciation as well as grammar changes quickly. 发音与语法一样变化很快。 The leader and artist as well as some of our English teachers was given a chance to go abroad last year. 那位领导兼艺术家和我们的一些英语老师去年得到了一次出国的机会。 （6）and, both…and…连接两个不同的主语时，谓语动词用复数；and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或事物时，谓语动词用单数。 Her teacher and her friends are on holiday. 她的老师和朋友们都在度假中。 The poet and writer has produced many works. 这位诗人兼作家创作了许多作品。 Her teacher and her friends are in the sitting room. 她的老师和朋友们都在客厅。 （7）由lots of, a lot of, a number of, plenty of等修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词与所修饰的名词形式保持一致。 A great deal of water is polluted every year. 每年大量的水被污染。 A great number of students who were invited to the party were from my school. 很多被邀来参加晚会的学生来自于我校。 注意： quantities/amounts of修饰名词时，谓语动词的单复数取决于quantity和amount的单复数形式。 Quantities of information are available on the Internet. 在网上可得到大量的信息。 （8）定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致；如果定语从句修饰前面的整个句子，从句中的谓语动词用单数。 Russia is upgrading its northern fleet, which includes 18 icebreakers. 俄罗斯正在升级它的北海舰队，准备增加18艘破冰船。 My friend showed me around the town, which was very kind of me. 我的朋友真是太好了，他带我参观了这个小镇。 Those who were praised at the meeting would be sent to America for further study. 在这次会议上被表扬的人将被派到美国深造。 （9）倒装句中谓语动词的数与后面的主语保持一致，即谓语后面的主语是单数，动词用单数；谓语后面的主语是复数，动词用复数。 A building stands in front of us. →In front of us stands a building. 我们面前矗立着一栋楼。 （10）在强调句中，如果被强调的成分是原来句子的主语，引导词that(或who)后面的谓语与被强调的成分在人称和数上保持一致。在“It+be动词+被强调部分+that/who…”强调句型中，be动词一般用单数；如果强调的是主语，that/who的谓语动词由被强调部分决定。 It is Lily who is a doctor. 莉莉是一名医生。 三、意义一致原则 1. 定义 形单意复或形复意单的名词作主语时，谓语动词要根据主语的意义决定。 2. 用法 （1）形式为单数但意义为复数的名词作主语时，如police, cattle等，谓语动词用复数。 The police have not made any arrests. 警方未逮捕任何人。 （2）表示时间、距离、长度、价值、金额、重量等的复数名词作主语时，常被看作整体，谓语动词用单数。 Twenty years is a long time. 二十年是一段很长的时间。 Three thousand miles is a long distance. 三千英里是一段很长的距离。 （3）以“-s”结尾却表示单数或不可数概念的名词作主语时，如maths, physics, politics, news等，谓语动词用单数。 Maths is my favorite subject. 数学是我最喜欢的科目。 Bad news travels quickly. 坏事传千里。 （4）表示某国人总称的名词作主语时，如the Chinese, the British, the Irish等，谓语动词用复数。 The Chinese are hard-working. 中国人民是勤劳的。 （5）单复数同形的名词作主语时，如 sheep，deer，fish，means，works（工厂）等，谓语动词的数与实际意义一致。 Three sheep are eating grass there. 三只羊正在那里吃草。 A sheep is lying there. 有只羊正躺在那里。 All means have been tried. 所有方式都试过了。 Every means has been tried. 每一种方式都试过了。 （6）表示一类人的the poor/ rich/ dead/ injured/ wounded等和“the＋姓氏复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 The Greens are going to Paris. 格林一家要去巴黎。 The Smiths go out for a walk after dinner every day. 史密斯夫妇每天晚饭后都出去散步。 They provided food and shelter for the poor. 他们为贫困者提供食物和住所。 The wounded have been cured and the lost have been found. 受伤的人被治愈，同时失踪的人也被找到了。 （7）集体名词作主语时，如 family, class, crew team, group, public, audience, committee, crowd, government等，谓语动词的单复数要根据主语所指的意义而定。当集体名词被作为一个整体看待时，谓语动词用单数；如果指其中各个成员时，谓语动词用复数。 The whole class are doing experiments. 全班学生正在做实验。（强调class里的各个成员） The whole class consists of twenty-five boys and twenty girls. 这个班由25个男生和20个女生组成。（强调class这一整体） （8）分数、百分数指代或修饰名词时，谓语动词的数与其所修饰的名词的数保持一致。the rest, the remaining/part ...，plenty of, a great deal of等＋主语，谓语动词应根据所表达的单复数意义而定。 The number of staff has declined from 218,000 to 116,000. 员工人数从21.8万下降到了11.6万。 A great deal of bitter experience had taught him how to lose gracefully. 大量惨痛的经历让他学会了如何坦然面对失败。 A number of measures were being taken to protect the endangered animals. 人们正采取各种措施保护濒危动物。 四、就近一致原则 1. 定义 谓语动词要和离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。 2. 用法 （1）并列连词连接的成分作主语 or, either…or…, neither…nor…, not…but…, not only…but (also)…等并列连词连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要与最靠近的主语保持一致。 Was he or you able to persuade her? 是你还是他能够说服她？ Neither I nor my daughter likes pop music. 我和我女儿都不喜欢流行音乐。 Not only the door but also the windows are open. 门和窗户都开着。 Either you or he is to take part in the competition. 要么你去参加竞赛，要么他去。 Neither Jim nor his parents know anything about it. 吉姆和他母亲都不知道这件事。 （2）there be, here be结构中 在there be, here be结构中，若有几个并列成分作主语，谓语动词的单复数由最靠近的主语决定。 There is an apple and some oranges on the table. 桌子上有一个苹果和一些橘子。 There are some oranges and an apple on the table. 桌子上有一些橘子和一个苹果。 There is a pen, two knives and several books on the table. 桌子上有一支钢笔、两把小刀和几本书。 There are two knives, a pen and several books on the table. 桌子上有两把小刀、一支钢笔和几本书。 （3）many a/more than one＋单数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。 Many a parent was forced to go through this same painful process. 很多父母都被迫经历这一段痛苦的过程。 1．（2023·天津·高考真题）Human impact on the animal kingdom, such as hunting and destruction of habitats, ___________a reduction in the population of certain species in the past three decades. A．has caused B．have caused C．was causing D．were causing 【答案】A 【难度】0.85 【知识点】cause、现在完成时、语法一致 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：人类对动物王国的影响，如狩猎和破坏栖息地，在过去的30年里导致了某些物种的数量的减少。设空处为谓语，根据时间状语in the past three decades可知应用现在完成时，主语Human impact，谓语用第三人称单数，故选A。 2．（2022·天津·高考真题）Critical reasoning, together with problem-solving, ________ teenagers to make better decisions. A．prepare B．prepares C．is preparing D．are preparing 【答案】B 【难度】0.85 【知识点】prepare、一般现在时、语法一致 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：批判性推理和解决问题的能力有助于青少年做出更好的决定。短语together with/along with/as well as, etc连接两个并列的名词或代词做主语时谓语动词的数由该结构前的名词或代词决定，句子主语为Critical reasoning，谓语动词应用单数形式，此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时。故选B项。 3．（2020·江苏·高考真题）If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that ______ everyone. A．suit B．suited C．suits D．has suited 【答案】C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】一般现在时、语法一致 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：如果你从各个方面看问题，你可能会找到一个适合每个人的解决方案。句子描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时；此处是定语从句谓语动词，先行词是a solution，从句谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。故选C。 4．（2020·天津·高考真题）The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______ around that level ever since. A．are remaining B．have remained C．is remaining D．has remained 【答案】D 【难度】0.4 【知识点】现在完成时、语法一致 【详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:20世纪90年代初，医学院的数量达到了18所，此后一直保持在这个水平。ever since“从那以后”作时间状语，句子用现在完成时态。主语为the number of medical schools，the number of表示“……的数目”，中心词是number，所以是单数，作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。综上，故选D。 5．（2020·天津·高考真题）A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city ____________ in favour of the proposal on health care reform. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】D 【难度】0.65 【知识点】语法一致、一般过去时 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：去年进行的一项调查显示，该市80％的中年人赞成医疗改革的建议。通过分析句子结构并翻译语境可知，主句时态为一般过去时，根据时态一致性可知从句中时态也为一般过去时，且从句中主语80% of the middle-aged是复数，按照主谓一致原则，因此使用be动词were。故选D项。 6．（2019·江苏·高考真题）The musician along with his band members ________ ten performances in the last three months. A．gives B．has given C．have given D．give 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】现在完成时、语法一致 【详解】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：在过去的三个月里，这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由“in the last three months”可知，这句话的时态为现在完成时，故排除AD选项。本句主语为the musician，为第三人称单数形式，句中的“along with his band members”是附加成分，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选B。 7．（2024·山东·三模）The son, rather than his parents, ________ responsible for the fire accident. A．is B．are C．be D．were 【答案】A 【难度】0.85 【知识点】rather than 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：这起火灾事故是儿子的责任，而不是他的父母。句中rather than his parents为插入语，不影响谓语动词的人称和数，谓语动词应和主语The son保持人称和数的一致，用单数形式。故选A。 8．（2024·天津河北·二模）Many a new safety rule ______ in schools over the last three years to help create a happier and more secure learning environment. A．has made B．has been made C．have been made D．have made 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】make(made made)、现在完成时的被动语态、may a…, more than one…作主语 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的三年里，学校制定了许多新的安全规则，以帮助创造一个更快乐、更安全的学习环境。根据“over the last three years”可知，应该使用现在完成时。“many a new safety rule”作主语，谓语动词用单数，并且它承受make的动作，因此使用现在完成时的被动语态，故选B。 9．（2024·天津·二模）An expert, together with some assistants, ______ in the lab day and night since the outbreak of the flu. A．was working B．were working C．have been working D．has been working 【答案】D 【难度】0.85 【知识点】work(奏效；起作用)、表过去开始到现在仍在发生的动作、along with/together with/with 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自流感爆发以来，一位专家和一些助手一直在实验室夜以继日地工作。根据时间状语day and night since the outbreak of the flu可知，句子应用现在完成进行时，表示从过去某时刻开始，一直持续到现在，还有可能继续下去的动作，together with连接并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数与其前面的名词保持一致，An expert为单数名词，助动词用has。故选D项。 10．（2024·山东·三模）—A number of students ______ on the bus. —Let me count. The number of them ______ 60. A．are; are B．is; are C．are; is D．is; is 【答案】C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】the number of+单数、a number of..+复数 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：——许多学生在公共汽车上。——让我数数。他们的数量是60。第一空，根据空前主语为A number of students，意为：许多学生，是复数形式，因此be动词应选用are，所以排除B项和D项；第二空，根据空前主语为The number of them，意为：他们的数量，是单数形式，因此be动词应选用is，所以排除A项。故选C。 11．（2024·山东济南·二模）— ______of the world’s quality paper ______from this region. —Wow, that’s great! A．Ninety percent; comes B．Ninety percents; comes C．Ninety percents; come D．Ninety percent; come 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】percent、come from、分数、小数和百分数、语法一致 【详解】考查百分数和主谓一致。句意：——世界上90%的优质纸张来自这个地区。——哇，太棒了! percent与数词连用时，无复数变化，所以此处的percent应为单数形式；第二空为谓语动词，结合句意，此处讲述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，当百分数或分数修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式由该名词决定，paper意为“纸”为不可数名词，所以此处谓语动词应为单数形式。故选A项。 12．（2024·天津·二模）Lily wants to read this science fiction as well, so when you ________ please give it to her. A．have finished B．will finish C．are finishing D．finished 【答案】A 【难度】0.85 【知识点】finish、现在完成时、语法一致 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：莉莉也想读这部科幻小说，所以你读完后请给她。设空处为从句谓语，根据句意可知，此处是你读完这本书后，把它给莉莉，强调的是动作的完成，应用现在完成时，主语you，助动词使用have。故选A。 13．（2024·天津和平·三模）Not only some international stars but also the Chinese singer and dancer ______ wonderful performances at the concert recently. A．had given B．have given C．is giving D．has given 【答案】D 【难度】0.85 【知识点】现在完成时、就近原则 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：最近，不仅有一些国际明星，就连中国的歌手和舞蹈家也在音乐会上进行了精彩的表演。not only…but also连接的并列成分作主语时，其谓语通常要与靠近的主语保持一致，此处the Chinese singer and dancer为单数，根据后文recently可知为现在完成时，助动词用has。故选D。 14．（2024·天津滨海新·三模）Many a measure ______ to develop local industries and promote tourism since the launch of the Green Rural Program. A．has been taken B．are taken C．have been taken D．is taken 【答案】A 【难度】0.85 【知识点】现在完成时的被动语态、语法一致 【详解】考查语态和时态。句意：自从绿色农村计划启动以来，已经采取了许多措施来发展地方工业和促进旅游业。根据“since the launch of the Green Rural Program”可知，本句为现在完成时，Many a measure 与谓语take为被动关系，Many a +单数名词，谓语动词为单数。故选A。 15．（2024·天津·二模）There is a river near my home, into which large quantities of waste water _______ poured every day in the past. A．were B．have been C．was D．has been 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】一般过去时、语法一致 【详解】考查一般过去时和主谓一致。句意：我家附近有一条河，过去每天都有大量的废水被倒进河里。根据in the past可知，此处应用一般过去时。large quantities of后跟可数或不可数名词，谓语动词应用复数形式。故选A。 16．（2024·天津·一模）Linda as well as her two close friends into universities in Beijing last year. A．was admitted B．were admitted C．has been admitted D．had been admitted 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】admit、一般过去时的被动语态、语法一致 【详解】考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：琳达和她的两个密友去年被北京的大学录取了。动词admit意为“准许……加入；接收入院”，结合last year可知，事情发生在过去，故句子用一般过去时，且Linda as well as her two close friends有admit为被动关系，句子用一般过去时的被动语态，as well as连接两个成分作主语时，其后的谓语通常要与前面一个主语保持一致，本句谓语与Linda一致，be动词用was。选项A为一般过去时的被动语态，选项B为一般过去时的被动语态，选项C为现在完成时的被动语态，选项D为过去完成时的被动语态。故选A。 17．（2022·天津南开·模拟预测）For many years, more than one generation of schoolchildren ________ by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth. A．have been amazed B．has been amazed C．was amazed D．were amazed 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】现在完成进行时、语法一致 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：多年来，不止一代的学生对他的勇敢和他寻找真理的科学方法感到惊讶。根据时间状语For many years可知，用现在完成时；“more than one + 单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。故选B。 18．（2020·江苏苏州·三模）This amusement park with all the exciting rides and other fun activities_____also home to  outdoor concerts every summer. A．are B．have been C．is D．has been 【答案】C 【难度】0.94 【知识点】一般现在时、语法一致 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致，句意：这家游乐园有着所有令人兴奋的游乐设施和其他有趣的活动，它还是每年夏天室外音乐会的举办地。主语为the amusement park，并且every summer提示用一般现在时，谓语为第三人称单数，用is，故选C。 19．（23-24高三上·广东深圳·期末）The issue ________ at this moment yesterday by the company’s managers. A．was being discussed B．is being discussed C．had discussed D．was discussing 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】discuss、过去进行时的被动语态、语法一致 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：昨天这个时候公司的经理们正在讨论这个问题分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语at this moment yesterday可知，此处应为过去进行时，且discuss与句子主语The issue之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去进行时态的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词应为was being discussed。 20．（23-24高三上·天津河西·期末）The villagers hope that the world knows more about their traditional art that _________ for hundreds of years through the TV program. A．preserved B．has been preserved C．will be preserved D．was preserved 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】preserve、现在完成时的被动语态、语法一致 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：村民们希望通过电视节目让世界更多地了解他们保存了数百年的传统艺术。设空处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，关系代词that指代先行词their traditional art在从句中作主语，与动词preserve之间是被动关系，结合时间状语for hundreds of years可知，此从句讲述从过去持续到现在的事情，用现在完成时态，that指代先行词their traditional art作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。故选B项。 ( 第 10 页 共 15 页 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$