第11讲 单项选择之状语从句（知识梳理+考点精讲精练+实战训练）-【决胜春考】2025 春季高考英语冲刺总复习（天津专用）

( 第 11 讲： 单项选择之 状语从句 ) 1、 考试要求 和定语从句不同，状语从句“套路”比较单一，主要掌握不同类型下的引导词，并注意少数特殊情况即可。 2、 命题分析 年份 状语从句 难度系数 2023 Whatever引导让步状语从句； 0.65 2022 even if引导让步状语从句； 0.65 2020 Even though引导让步状语从句； 0.65 2019 unless引导条件状语从句 0.65　 2018 In case引导条件状语从句 0.65　 状语是谓语的另一个附加成分，主要用于修饰动词的状态，如时间、地点、方式等。状语从句即为句子中充当状语的从句。 考点一、状语从句分类及连接词 让步状语从句 though, although, as, whether…or, while, no matter wh-, -ever 条件状语从句 if, unless, once, in case, on condition that, supposing, provided that, for fear that 目的状语从句 so that, in order that 结果状语从句 so that, so…that, such…that, such that 时间状语从句 when, while, as, before, as soon as, the moment, the first time 原因状语从句 because, as, since, now that, in that 方式状语从句 as, as if, as though 地点状语从句 where 比较状语从句 as…as…, than…, the more…the more… 考点二、让步状语从句六大考点 要点精讲1：though/although引导的让步状语从句 ①although引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序； ② though引导让步状语从句时，可用正常语序，与although替换，也可用倒装语序，与as替换。特别③注意：although, though从句均不能与but连用。 Although/Though he is very old, (yet) he is quite strong.　他虽然年纪大了，身体还很健壮。 Although/Though he was exhausted, he(still) kept on working.　虽然他已经精疲力竭了，但他仍然继续工作。 要点精讲2：as/though引导的让步状语从句 ①as/though引导让步状语从句时只能用倒装语序，即从句中的表语（形容词、名词）、状语（副词）或动词原形置于句首，若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。 ②特别注意as/though后面仍是陈述语序。 要点 典型示例 原形动词+as/though+主语+谓语 Try as she might, Mary couldn’t get out of the difficulty.尽管玛丽很努力，但还是不能走出困境。 单数名词+as/though+主语+谓语 Child as/though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. 虽然他是一个孩子，但他知道该做什么。 形容词+as/though+主语+谓语 Small as atoms are, they are made up of still smaller units.尽管原子很小，但它们由更小的单位构成。 要点精讲3：while引导的让步状语从句 while“虽然，尽管”，多用于正式文体，且多位于句首，可以与though, although替换。 ②注意while还可以位于句中，表示前后对比，意为“不过，但是”。 While I admit that there are problems, I don't agree that they cannot be solved. 虽然我承认有问题，但我不认为它们无法解决。 While the news, so far, has been good, there may be days ahead when it is bad. 虽然到目前为止都是好消息，但是可能过几天就有坏消息了。 要点精讲4：even if和even though引导的让步状语从句 ①even if和even though引导让步状语从句时，可以互换，都表示“即使，纵然”。 ②注意as if/though表示“好像”，意思不同，后接从句根据需要可用虚拟语气或陈述语气。 Even if I didn't happen to meet you that day，I would still try my best to find you.即使我那天没有碰巧遇到你，我也会尽我所能去找到你。 Even though I pass the exam this time，I have to worry about the next exam which perhaps I will fail. 即使我这次考试及格了，我也不得不去担心下一次也许我会考不及格的考试。 要点精讲5：“no matter＋疑问词”与“疑问词＋ever”引导的让步状语从句 ①“no matter＋疑问词”相当于“疑问词＋ever”，二者都可以引导让步状语从句。 ②whoever, whatever, whomever, whichever还可以引导名词性从句，但“no matter＋疑问词”不可以。 No matter what happened, he would not mind. 无论发生了什么事情，他都不会介意的。 No matter who you are, you must keep the law. 不管你是谁，你都需要遵纪守法。 要点精讲6：whether ... or...引导的让步状语从句 whether ... or ... 引导让步状语从句,表示“不论……还是……”，提供两种对比情况。 But whether it's a friendly rivalry or a fight to the death, the end result is the same.　　 但不管是友好竞争还是生死决斗，结果总是相同。 考点三、条件状语从句五大考点 要点精讲1：if引导的条件状语从句 if可引导非真实条件状语从句(见＂虚拟语气＂)和真实条件状语从句。 If the rain stops, I shall go out for a walk. 如果雨停了，我就出去散步。 You can use my bike on condition that you return it by Friday. 你可以使用我的自行车，条件是你星期五以前还。 要点精讲2：unless引导的条件状语从句 unless引导的条件状语从句，在意义上相当于if...not，而且语气较强，表示“除非，如果不”。 You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier. 如果你不早点动身，你就不能及时赶到那儿。 Unless it rains, the game will be played. 除非下雨，比赛将照常进行。 要点精讲3：only if引导的条件状语从句 ①only if在引导条件状语从句时意为＂只有……(才)；只有在……的时候，唯一的条件是……＂。 ②if only意为“但愿；要是……就好了”，引导的从句要用虚拟语气（与现在的情况相反时，从句用一般过去时；与过去的情况相反时，从句用过去完成时；与将来的情况相反时，谓语用“would/could＋动词原形”。） Only if I get a job will I have enough money to go to school. 我只有找到工作才有足够的钱上学。 I will come home only if you come with me. 除非你跟我一起走，我才回家。 If only I were as clever as you! 要是我像你一样聪明该多好啊！（与现在事实相反） If only they had attended our wedding anniversary!要是他们参加我们的结婚纪念日就好了。（与过去事实相反） 要点精讲4：其他条件状语从句 ① as/so long as意为＂只要；如果＂。 ②provided (that)/providing (that)意为＂假如；如果＂。 ③on condition that（条件是）和suppose / supposing (that)（假设；如果）也可引导条件状语从句。 He won't be against us in the meeting provided that we ask for his advice in advance. 如果我们提前征求一下他的意见，他就不会在会上反对我们。 Supposing anything should go wrong, what would you do then? 假如出了什么问题，你准备怎么对付? I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret. 我可以告诉你真相，条件是你答应保密。 要点精讲5：in case/for fear that/lest/once等引导的条件状语从句 ①in case，for fear that和lest这三个从属连词都表示否定目的，意思是＂以免＂，＂以防＂。 ②in case从句中的谓语动词可以是陈述语气形式，也可以是虚拟语气形式； ③for fear that引导的从句中的谓语带有may，might，should等情态动词； ④lest用于正式文体，它所引导的从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气形式。⑤once 引导条件状语从句表示“一旦，万一”。 In case I forget, please remind me about it. 万一我忘记，请提醒我一下。 Close the door for fear that someone sees what we're doing. 关上门以防有人我们在干啥。 I was afraid to open the door lest he should follow me. 我当时害怕打开那个门惟恐他跟踪我。 考点四、目的状语从句两大用法 要点精讲：so that/in order that引导的目的状语从句 ①so that＂为了；以便＂。so that通常可以与in order that换用，它所引导的目的状语从句总是放在主句之后，在非正式文体中，常省略that。 ②in order that＂为了；以便＂。多用于正式文体，通常可以与so that换用。 I got up early so that I could catch the first bus. 我起得很早，目的是为了赶上头班公共汽车。 She worked hard in order that everything would be ready by 5 o'clock. 她努力工作，以便在五点前是一切都就绪。 考点五、结果状语从句两种场合 要点精讲1：so that/such that引导的结果状语从句 ①so that引导的结果状语从句只能位于主句之后，中间可以有逗号。 ②such that引导的结果状语从句多用于正式文体，主句为＂主—系—表＂句型。 He worried so that he couldn’t sleep. 他急得睡不着。 It was very cold, so that the river froze. 天气寒冷， 河水都结冰了。 要点精讲2：so/such...that引导的结果状语从句 so...that＂如此……以致＂，that在非正式文体中可以省略，so后面接形容词或副词；such后接名词，又是名词前可以有形容词修饰。 The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water. 球重重地打在了他身上，使他几乎落到水里去。 It was so hot a day that they wanted to go swimming.天那么热，他们想去游泳。 There are so many picture-story books that the boy won't leave.有那么多连环画书，小孩都不想离开了。 He gave me so little time that it was impossible for me to finish the work on time.他给我的时间如此少，要我按时完成任务是不可能的。 They are such fine teachers that we all hold them in great respect. 他们是非常好的老师， 我们对他们极为尊敬。 考点五、状语从句分类及连接词 让步状语从句 though, although, as, whether…or, while, no matter wh-, -ever 条件状语从句 if, unless, once, in case, on condition that, supposing, provided that, for fear that 目的状语从句 so that, in order that 结果状语从句 so that, so…that, such…that, such that 时间状语从句 when, while, as, before, as soon as, the moment, the first time 原因状语从句 because, as, since, now that, in that 方式状语从句 as, as if, as though 地点状语从句 where 比较状语从句 as…as…, than…, the more…the more… 考点六、时间状语从句六大考点 要点精讲1：“一……就……”多样化表达方式 类型 要点 典型示例 标准型 as soon as引导时间状语从句，注意“主将从现”用法 As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up.我一到加拿大，就给你来电话。 名词型 the moment/ minute/ instant/ second+从句引导时间状语从句 She came to the spot the moment/the instant/the minute she heard of the accident. 一听说有事故，她就赶到了现场。 副词型 immediately / directly/ instantly形式上是副词，其实这里转化为从属连词，引导时间状语从句 I will go there immediately / directly/ instantly I have finished my breakfast. 吃完早饭，我立即到那里去。 介词型 on/upon后接名词或动名词，构成时间状语 On arriving home/On his return, he found his wife had gone without any notice. 他一回到家时发现妻子已经不辞而别。 倒装型 no sooner…than.../hardly… when … 句式不同但意思相同，都表示“刚一……就……”，注意主句用过去完成时，且部分倒装（前提是no sooner/hardly位于句首） No sooner had she heard the shocking news than she burst into tears. 她一听到这个震撼的消息就大哭起来。 He had hardly fallen asleep when he felt a soft touch on his shoulder. 他刚要入睡就感到肩膀上被轻轻一触。 要点精讲2：as, when和while引导的时间状语从句 ①as强调从句动作与主句动作同时或几乎同时发生，译作“一边……一边……；随着”。 ②when从句可以是时间点也可以是时间段，译作“当……时候”。 ③while表示“在……期间”，谓语应用延续性动词。 ④如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作，此时when，while与as可互换使用。 类型 要点 典型示例 as 强调从句动作与主句动作同时或几乎同时发生，译作“随着”。 We always sing as we walk. 我们总是边走边唱。 The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases. 随着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄。 when 从句可以是时间点也可以是时间段，译作“当……时候”。 Sorry，I was out when you called me．对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。（call为短暂性动词） When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him. 当我住在农村时，我常常为他担水。（live为延续性动词） Hardly had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door. 我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。 while 表示“在……期间”，谓语应用延续性动词。 Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。（while译作“趁”） While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.妻子在看报纸我在看电视。 要点精讲3：till和until引导的时间状语从句 类型 要点 典型示例 肯定句式 肯定句中，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词，表示某动作一直延续到某时间为止。 I’ll wait here until/till the rain stops. 我将在这里等着，直到雨停。 否定句式 not/never/hardly... until ...均表示“直到……才……”。 You can’t go home until/till you finish your work.直到你完成你的工作，你才能回家。 倒装句式 Not until…位于句首，主句采用部分倒装语序。 Not until it was 12 o'clock last night did he go to bed until. 他昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。 强调句式 It was not until…that…构成强调句型。 It was not until it was 12 o'clock last night that he went to bed until. 他昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。 要点精讲4：after, before引导的时间状语从句 ①after表示“在……之后”。 ②before表示“在……之前；还没来得及……就……”。 ③“It will be/was＋时间段＋before从句”表示“在……之前还要多久/过了多久才……”。 He almost knocked me down before he saw me. 他几乎把我撞倒才看到我。 Before I could get in a word, he measured me. 我还来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸。 I went to school after I finished my breakfast.吃完早饭后我就去上学了。 It was three years before she got married. 过了三年她结婚了。 要点精讲5：since引导的时间状语从句 ①since表示“自从……以来”，引导时间状从，从句谓语用一般过去时，常用于It is+时间段+since…句型；②从句谓语是瞬时性动词，表示字面意思；是延续性动词则表示“自该动作结束以来”。如：It’s two months since she moved here. 她搬到这里两个月了。It’s two weeks since she lived here. 她不在这里居住两周了。I have not seen her since I left Nanjing. 自从我离开南京后就再也没见过她。 It is five years since I left Nanjing. 自动我离开南京已经有五年了。 要点精讲6：名词短语引导的时间状语从句 every/each time每次next time下次the first/last time第一次/最后一次the minute/instant/second一……就后面直接跟名词，构成时间状语从句。 Each time he comes to Qingdao, he will drop in on me. 每当他来青岛，他都顺便来看看我。 The moment I closed my eyes, I fell asleep. 一合上眼睛，我就睡着了。 考点七、原因状语从句四种场合 要点精讲1：because引导的原因状语从句 because通常用于回答why引出的疑问句，语气最强，除特别强调外，该从句一般位于主句后面。 I said nothing about it because his wife was there. / I said nothing about it because of his wife’s being there. 因为他妻子在那儿，我对此事只字未提。 要点精讲2：as引导的原因状语从句 as引导的原因状语从句多位于主句之前，通常可以和since换用，as语气稍弱。 As it is raining, you’d better take a taxi. 既然在下雨， 你最好乘出租汽车。 As you are tired, you had better rest. 既然累了， 你最好休息一下。 I went to bed early, as I was exhausted. 我睡得早， 因为我已筋疲力尽了。 要点精讲3：since引导的原因状语从句 since表示人们已知的事实，不许强调的原因，故常译为“既然……”，通常位于主句前，相当于now that。 Since you don't trust him, you should not employ him.你既然不信任他，你就不该雇用他。 Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics. 既然今天你休息，你最好帮我补习数学。 要点精讲4：其他原因状语从句 in that“因为；基于……的理由”，可以和because换用，多用于正式文体，总是位于主句之后。Seeing that/Considering that/Given that…表示“鉴于，考虑到”，通常用于非正式文体。 In that he is ill, he feels unable to do it. 因为他生病了，他觉得做不了那件事。 Now (that) you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents. 既然你长大了， 就不应该依靠你的父母了。 Considering (that) everybody is here, let’s begin our discussion. 既然大家都到了， 我们就开始讨论吧。 Seeing (that) he refused to help us, there’s no reason that we should now help him. 他既然曾经拒绝帮助我们， 我们没有理由要来帮助他。 考点八、方式状语从句两大用法 要点精讲1：as引导的方式状语从句 as引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，意思是＂正如……＂，＂就像＂，多用于正式文体。 Leave the things as they are. 别动这些东西｡ You must try to hold the tool as I do.你必须像我这样拿工具｡ Always do to the others as you would be done by. 你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。 要点精讲2：as if/as though引导的方式状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，常译作＂仿佛……似的＂。 He looks as if he is angry. 他看上去好像生气了。 It looked as if there would be an exciting race.看来要有一场激动人心的比赛。 He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time. 他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。 He cleared his throat as if to say something. 他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。 考点九、地点状语从句典型用法 where既可引导定语从句，也可引导状语从句。where引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词,，where可替换成“介词+ which'”；而状语从句前则无先行词。 Go back where you came from. 回到你来的地方去。 We must camp where we can get water. 我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。 考点十、比较状语从句三大考点 要点精讲1：as…as…引导的原级比较状语从句 as…as…引导的原级比较状语从句，第一个as是副词，第二个是连词，中间接形容词、副词原级。也可以是as+形容词+a(n)+名词+as结构。否定句中，可以替换为not so…as…。 He woke up as suddenly as he had fallen asleep. 他醒来得和入睡一样突然。 I have never seen so much rain as fell that February. 我从未见过像那个二月那么多雨。 要点精讲2：than引导的比较状语从句 形容词/副词比较级+than…结构是常用比较级结构。 Man developed earlier than people think. 人类的出现比人们所想的要早。 He moves more slowly than his sister does. 他行动起来比他妹妹慢。 The youth of today are better off than we used to be. 今天的年轻人比我们过去的境况要好。 要点精讲3：The+比较级…，the+比较级… “The+比较级+主语+谓语，the+比较级+主语+谓语”是高频句型，表示“越……，越……”。 The more we can do for you, the happier we will be. 为你们做得越多我们就越感到高兴。 The more difficult the questions are, the less likely I am to be able to answer them.问题越困难，我就越可能回答。 考点十一、状语从句两种省略用法 要点精讲：①状语从句含有it is或者主从句主语一致且含有be动词时，省略主语和be动词。 ②从属连词+现在分词 ，强调从句谓语动词与句子主语之间的主动关系。 ③从属连词+过去分词强调二者之间被动关系。 ④before和after后接动词，只能接动名词作宾语。 If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty. 如果可能的话，他会帮你摆脱困境。 As (he was) young, he learned how to ride a bike. 他小时候就学会了骑自行车。 Good posture is essential when (we are) working at the computer. 用电脑工作时良好的姿势极其重要。 Be careful when (you are) crossing the road. 过马路时小心。 The review would then be made public when (it is) completed. 审查工作完成后将向公众公布。 1．（2023·天津·高考真题）________our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who enjoy the same hobbies, even if they live on the other side of the world. A．However B．Whatever C．Wherever D．Whichever 2．（2022·天津·高考真题）________ we achieve great success in our work, we should not be too proud. A．Ever since B．Even if C．In case D．As though 3．（2020·天津·高考真题）—Why do people like pop music? I hate it so much. —______ it is not your style, that doesn’t mean it is bad. A．Only if B．Even though C．Now that D．In case 4．（2019·江苏·高考真题）The doctor shares his phone number with the patients ________ they need medical assistance. A．if only B．as if C．even though D．in case 5．（2019·天津·高考真题）Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents’ opinion ________ he wants their support. A．since B．once C．unless D．after 6．（2018·天津·高考真题）Make sure you save all your work on screen____the computer breaks down. A．in case B．as if C．so that D．even though 7．（2024·天津河北·二模）Scientists have discovered that it is hundreds of years ______ plastic breaks down, whereas for paper, the period is much shorter. A．when B．before C．since D．after 8．（2024·天津·二模）You should bring your jacket with you __________ the weather takes a turn and becomes cold later. A．so that B．as if C．in case D．even if 9．（2024·天津·二模）With my father’s guidance and encouragement, I learned how to ride a bike ________ I knew it. A．when B．until C．as D．before 10．（2024·天津河北·一模）Please ensure you have a backup of all your documents ________ the system upgrade encounters unexpected issues. A．even if B．as if C．ever since D．in case 11．（2023·天津和平·二模）You can learn enough first aid knowledge in a few minutes—________ it’s from reading a book, attending a course or watching videos online. A．when B．as C．whether D．once 12．（2019·天津河北·一模）This is a very interesting book. I’ll buy it, ________. A．however much it may cost B．no matter how it may cost C．how much may it cost D．however many it may cost 13．（2019·天津宁河·模拟预测）— Why didn’t you try to finish the composition? — I tried to, but ________ I could, the bell ran announcing the end of the examination. A．until B．when C．after D．before ( 第 2 页 共 12 页 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ ( 第 11 讲： 单项选择之 状语从句 ) 1、 考试要求 和定语从句不同，状语从句“套路”比较单一，主要掌握不同类型下的引导词，并注意少数特殊情况即可。 2、 命题分析 年份 状语从句 难度系数 2023 Whatever引导让步状语从句； 0.65 2022 even if引导让步状语从句； 0.65 2020 Even though引导让步状语从句； 0.65 2019 unless引导条件状语从句 0.65　 2018 In case引导条件状语从句 0.65　 状语是谓语的另一个附加成分，主要用于修饰动词的状态，如时间、地点、方式等。状语从句即为句子中充当状语的从句。 考点一、状语从句分类及连接词 让步状语从句 though, although, as, whether…or, while, no matter wh-, -ever 条件状语从句 if, unless, once, in case, on condition that, supposing, provided that, for fear that 目的状语从句 so that, in order that 结果状语从句 so that, so…that, such…that, such that 时间状语从句 when, while, as, before, as soon as, the moment, the first time 原因状语从句 because, as, since, now that, in that 方式状语从句 as, as if, as though 地点状语从句 where 比较状语从句 as…as…, than…, the more…the more… 考点二、让步状语从句六大考点 要点精讲1：though/although引导的让步状语从句 ①although引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序； ② though引导让步状语从句时，可用正常语序，与although替换，也可用倒装语序，与as替换。特别③注意：although, though从句均不能与but连用。 Although/Though he is very old, (yet) he is quite strong.　他虽然年纪大了，身体还很健壮。 Although/Though he was exhausted, he(still) kept on working.　虽然他已经精疲力竭了，但他仍然继续工作。 要点精讲2：as/though引导的让步状语从句 ①as/though引导让步状语从句时只能用倒装语序，即从句中的表语（形容词、名词）、状语（副词）或动词原形置于句首，若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。 ②特别注意as/though后面仍是陈述语序。 要点 典型示例 原形动词+as/though+主语+谓语 Try as she might, Mary couldn’t get out of the difficulty.尽管玛丽很努力，但还是不能走出困境。 单数名词+as/though+主语+谓语 Child as/though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. 虽然他是一个孩子，但他知道该做什么。 形容词+as/though+主语+谓语 Small as atoms are, they are made up of still smaller units.尽管原子很小，但它们由更小的单位构成。 要点精讲3：while引导的让步状语从句 while“虽然，尽管”，多用于正式文体，且多位于句首，可以与though, although替换。 ②注意while还可以位于句中，表示前后对比，意为“不过，但是”。 While I admit that there are problems, I don't agree that they cannot be solved. 虽然我承认有问题，但我不认为它们无法解决。 While the news, so far, has been good, there may be days ahead when it is bad. 虽然到目前为止都是好消息，但是可能过几天就有坏消息了。 要点精讲4：even if和even though引导的让步状语从句 ①even if和even though引导让步状语从句时，可以互换，都表示“即使，纵然”。 ②注意as if/though表示“好像”，意思不同，后接从句根据需要可用虚拟语气或陈述语气。 Even if I didn't happen to meet you that day，I would still try my best to find you.即使我那天没有碰巧遇到你，我也会尽我所能去找到你。 Even though I pass the exam this time，I have to worry about the next exam which perhaps I will fail. 即使我这次考试及格了，我也不得不去担心下一次也许我会考不及格的考试。 要点精讲5：“no matter＋疑问词”与“疑问词＋ever”引导的让步状语从句 ①“no matter＋疑问词”相当于“疑问词＋ever”，二者都可以引导让步状语从句。 ②whoever, whatever, whomever, whichever还可以引导名词性从句，但“no matter＋疑问词”不可以。 No matter what happened, he would not mind. 无论发生了什么事情，他都不会介意的。 No matter who you are, you must keep the law. 不管你是谁，你都需要遵纪守法。 要点精讲6：whether ... or...引导的让步状语从句 whether ... or ... 引导让步状语从句,表示“不论……还是……”，提供两种对比情况。 But whether it's a friendly rivalry or a fight to the death, the end result is the same.　　 但不管是友好竞争还是生死决斗，结果总是相同。 考点三、条件状语从句五大考点 要点精讲1：if引导的条件状语从句 if可引导非真实条件状语从句(见＂虚拟语气＂)和真实条件状语从句。 If the rain stops, I shall go out for a walk. 如果雨停了，我就出去散步。 You can use my bike on condition that you return it by Friday. 你可以使用我的自行车，条件是你星期五以前还。 要点精讲2：unless引导的条件状语从句 unless引导的条件状语从句，在意义上相当于if...not，而且语气较强，表示“除非，如果不”。 You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier. 如果你不早点动身，你就不能及时赶到那儿。 Unless it rains, the game will be played. 除非下雨，比赛将照常进行。 要点精讲3：only if引导的条件状语从句 ①only if在引导条件状语从句时意为＂只有……(才)；只有在……的时候，唯一的条件是……＂。 ②if only意为“但愿；要是……就好了”，引导的从句要用虚拟语气（与现在的情况相反时，从句用一般过去时；与过去的情况相反时，从句用过去完成时；与将来的情况相反时，谓语用“would/could＋动词原形”。） Only if I get a job will I have enough money to go to school. 我只有找到工作才有足够的钱上学。 I will come home only if you come with me. 除非你跟我一起走，我才回家。 If only I were as clever as you! 要是我像你一样聪明该多好啊！（与现在事实相反） If only they had attended our wedding anniversary!要是他们参加我们的结婚纪念日就好了。（与过去事实相反） 要点精讲4：其他条件状语从句 ① as/so long as意为＂只要；如果＂。 ②provided (that)/providing (that)意为＂假如；如果＂。 ③on condition that（条件是）和suppose / supposing (that)（假设；如果）也可引导条件状语从句。 He won't be against us in the meeting provided that we ask for his advice in advance. 如果我们提前征求一下他的意见，他就不会在会上反对我们。 Supposing anything should go wrong, what would you do then? 假如出了什么问题，你准备怎么对付? I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret. 我可以告诉你真相，条件是你答应保密。 要点精讲5：in case/for fear that/lest/once等引导的条件状语从句 ①in case，for fear that和lest这三个从属连词都表示否定目的，意思是＂以免＂，＂以防＂。 ②in case从句中的谓语动词可以是陈述语气形式，也可以是虚拟语气形式； ③for fear that引导的从句中的谓语带有may，might，should等情态动词； ④lest用于正式文体，它所引导的从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气形式。⑤once 引导条件状语从句表示“一旦，万一”。 In case I forget, please remind me about it. 万一我忘记，请提醒我一下。 Close the door for fear that someone sees what we're doing. 关上门以防有人我们在干啥。 I was afraid to open the door lest he should follow me. 我当时害怕打开那个门惟恐他跟踪我。 考点四、目的状语从句两大用法 要点精讲：so that/in order that引导的目的状语从句 ①so that＂为了；以便＂。so that通常可以与in order that换用，它所引导的目的状语从句总是放在主句之后，在非正式文体中，常省略that。 ②in order that＂为了；以便＂。多用于正式文体，通常可以与so that换用。 I got up early so that I could catch the first bus. 我起得很早，目的是为了赶上头班公共汽车。 She worked hard in order that everything would be ready by 5 o'clock. 她努力工作，以便在五点前是一切都就绪。 考点五、结果状语从句两种场合 要点精讲1：so that/such that引导的结果状语从句 ①so that引导的结果状语从句只能位于主句之后，中间可以有逗号。 ②such that引导的结果状语从句多用于正式文体，主句为＂主—系—表＂句型。 He worried so that he couldn’t sleep. 他急得睡不着。 It was very cold, so that the river froze. 天气寒冷， 河水都结冰了。 要点精讲2：so/such...that引导的结果状语从句 so...that＂如此……以致＂，that在非正式文体中可以省略，so后面接形容词或副词；such后接名词，又是名词前可以有形容词修饰。 The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water. 球重重地打在了他身上，使他几乎落到水里去。 It was so hot a day that they wanted to go swimming.天那么热，他们想去游泳。 There are so many picture-story books that the boy won't leave.有那么多连环画书，小孩都不想离开了。 He gave me so little time that it was impossible for me to finish the work on time.他给我的时间如此少，要我按时完成任务是不可能的。 They are such fine teachers that we all hold them in great respect. 他们是非常好的老师， 我们对他们极为尊敬。 考点五、状语从句分类及连接词 让步状语从句 though, although, as, whether…or, while, no matter wh-, -ever 条件状语从句 if, unless, once, in case, on condition that, supposing, provided that, for fear that 目的状语从句 so that, in order that 结果状语从句 so that, so…that, such…that, such that 时间状语从句 when, while, as, before, as soon as, the moment, the first time 原因状语从句 because, as, since, now that, in that 方式状语从句 as, as if, as though 地点状语从句 where 比较状语从句 as…as…, than…, the more…the more… 考点六、时间状语从句六大考点 要点精讲1：“一……就……”多样化表达方式 类型 要点 典型示例 标准型 as soon as引导时间状语从句，注意“主将从现”用法 As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up.我一到加拿大，就给你来电话。 名词型 the moment/ minute/ instant/ second+从句引导时间状语从句 She came to the spot the moment/the instant/the minute she heard of the accident. 一听说有事故，她就赶到了现场。 副词型 immediately / directly/ instantly形式上是副词，其实这里转化为从属连词，引导时间状语从句 I will go there immediately / directly/ instantly I have finished my breakfast. 吃完早饭，我立即到那里去。 介词型 on/upon后接名词或动名词，构成时间状语 On arriving home/On his return, he found his wife had gone without any notice. 他一回到家时发现妻子已经不辞而别。 倒装型 no sooner…than.../hardly… when … 句式不同但意思相同，都表示“刚一……就……”，注意主句用过去完成时，且部分倒装（前提是no sooner/hardly位于句首） No sooner had she heard the shocking news than she burst into tears. 她一听到这个震撼的消息就大哭起来。 He had hardly fallen asleep when he felt a soft touch on his shoulder. 他刚要入睡就感到肩膀上被轻轻一触。 要点精讲2：as, when和while引导的时间状语从句 ①as强调从句动作与主句动作同时或几乎同时发生，译作“一边……一边……；随着”。 ②when从句可以是时间点也可以是时间段，译作“当……时候”。 ③while表示“在……期间”，谓语应用延续性动词。 ④如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作，此时when，while与as可互换使用。 类型 要点 典型示例 as 强调从句动作与主句动作同时或几乎同时发生，译作“随着”。 We always sing as we walk. 我们总是边走边唱。 The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases. 随着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄。 when 从句可以是时间点也可以是时间段，译作“当……时候”。 Sorry，I was out when you called me．对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。（call为短暂性动词） When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him. 当我住在农村时，我常常为他担水。（live为延续性动词） Hardly had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door. 我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。 while 表示“在……期间”，谓语应用延续性动词。 Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。（while译作“趁”） While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.妻子在看报纸我在看电视。 要点精讲3：till和until引导的时间状语从句 类型 要点 典型示例 肯定句式 肯定句中，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词，表示某动作一直延续到某时间为止。 I’ll wait here until/till the rain stops. 我将在这里等着，直到雨停。 否定句式 not/never/hardly... until ...均表示“直到……才……”。 You can’t go home until/till you finish your work.直到你完成你的工作，你才能回家。 倒装句式 Not until…位于句首，主句采用部分倒装语序。 Not until it was 12 o'clock last night did he go to bed until. 他昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。 强调句式 It was not until…that…构成强调句型。 It was not until it was 12 o'clock last night that he went to bed until. 他昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。 要点精讲4：after, before引导的时间状语从句 ①after表示“在……之后”。 ②before表示“在……之前；还没来得及……就……”。 ③“It will be/was＋时间段＋before从句”表示“在……之前还要多久/过了多久才……”。 He almost knocked me down before he saw me. 他几乎把我撞倒才看到我。 Before I could get in a word, he measured me. 我还来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸。 I went to school after I finished my breakfast.吃完早饭后我就去上学了。 It was three years before she got married. 过了三年她结婚了。 要点精讲5：since引导的时间状语从句 ①since表示“自从……以来”，引导时间状从，从句谓语用一般过去时，常用于It is+时间段+since…句型；②从句谓语是瞬时性动词，表示字面意思；是延续性动词则表示“自该动作结束以来”。如：It’s two months since she moved here. 她搬到这里两个月了。It’s two weeks since she lived here. 她不在这里居住两周了。I have not seen her since I left Nanjing. 自从我离开南京后就再也没见过她。 It is five years since I left Nanjing. 自动我离开南京已经有五年了。 要点精讲6：名词短语引导的时间状语从句 every/each time每次next time下次the first/last time第一次/最后一次the minute/instant/second一……就后面直接跟名词，构成时间状语从句。 Each time he comes to Qingdao, he will drop in on me. 每当他来青岛，他都顺便来看看我。 The moment I closed my eyes, I fell asleep. 一合上眼睛，我就睡着了。 考点七、原因状语从句四种场合 要点精讲1：because引导的原因状语从句 because通常用于回答why引出的疑问句，语气最强，除特别强调外，该从句一般位于主句后面。 I said nothing about it because his wife was there. / I said nothing about it because of his wife’s being there. 因为他妻子在那儿，我对此事只字未提。 要点精讲2：as引导的原因状语从句 as引导的原因状语从句多位于主句之前，通常可以和since换用，as语气稍弱。 As it is raining, you’d better take a taxi. 既然在下雨， 你最好乘出租汽车。 As you are tired, you had better rest. 既然累了， 你最好休息一下。 I went to bed early, as I was exhausted. 我睡得早， 因为我已筋疲力尽了。 要点精讲3：since引导的原因状语从句 since表示人们已知的事实，不许强调的原因，故常译为“既然……”，通常位于主句前，相当于now that。 Since you don't trust him, you should not employ him.你既然不信任他，你就不该雇用他。 Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics. 既然今天你休息，你最好帮我补习数学。 要点精讲4：其他原因状语从句 in that“因为；基于……的理由”，可以和because换用，多用于正式文体，总是位于主句之后。Seeing that/Considering that/Given that…表示“鉴于，考虑到”，通常用于非正式文体。 In that he is ill, he feels unable to do it. 因为他生病了，他觉得做不了那件事。 Now (that) you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents. 既然你长大了， 就不应该依靠你的父母了。 Considering (that) everybody is here, let’s begin our discussion. 既然大家都到了， 我们就开始讨论吧。 Seeing (that) he refused to help us, there’s no reason that we should now help him. 他既然曾经拒绝帮助我们， 我们没有理由要来帮助他。 考点八、方式状语从句两大用法 要点精讲1：as引导的方式状语从句 as引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，意思是＂正如……＂，＂就像＂，多用于正式文体。 Leave the things as they are. 别动这些东西｡ You must try to hold the tool as I do.你必须像我这样拿工具｡ Always do to the others as you would be done by. 你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。 要点精讲2：as if/as though引导的方式状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，常译作＂仿佛……似的＂。 He looks as if he is angry. 他看上去好像生气了。 It looked as if there would be an exciting race.看来要有一场激动人心的比赛。 He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time. 他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。 He cleared his throat as if to say something. 他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。 考点九、地点状语从句典型用法 where既可引导定语从句，也可引导状语从句。where引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词,，where可替换成“介词+ which'”；而状语从句前则无先行词。 Go back where you came from. 回到你来的地方去。 We must camp where we can get water. 我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。 考点十、比较状语从句三大考点 要点精讲1：as…as…引导的原级比较状语从句 as…as…引导的原级比较状语从句，第一个as是副词，第二个是连词，中间接形容词、副词原级。也可以是as+形容词+a(n)+名词+as结构。否定句中，可以替换为not so…as…。 He woke up as suddenly as he had fallen asleep. 他醒来得和入睡一样突然。 I have never seen so much rain as fell that February. 我从未见过像那个二月那么多雨。 要点精讲2：than引导的比较状语从句 形容词/副词比较级+than…结构是常用比较级结构。 Man developed earlier than people think. 人类的出现比人们所想的要早。 He moves more slowly than his sister does. 他行动起来比他妹妹慢。 The youth of today are better off than we used to be. 今天的年轻人比我们过去的境况要好。 要点精讲3：The+比较级…，the+比较级… “The+比较级+主语+谓语，the+比较级+主语+谓语”是高频句型，表示“越……，越……”。 The more we can do for you, the happier we will be. 为你们做得越多我们就越感到高兴。 The more difficult the questions are, the less likely I am to be able to answer them.问题越困难，我就越可能回答。 考点十一、状语从句两种省略用法 要点精讲：①状语从句含有it is或者主从句主语一致且含有be动词时，省略主语和be动词。 ②从属连词+现在分词 ，强调从句谓语动词与句子主语之间的主动关系。 ③从属连词+过去分词强调二者之间被动关系。 ④before和after后接动词，只能接动名词作宾语。 If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty. 如果可能的话，他会帮你摆脱困境。 As (he was) young, he learned how to ride a bike. 他小时候就学会了骑自行车。 Good posture is essential when (we are) working at the computer. 用电脑工作时良好的姿势极其重要。 Be careful when (you are) crossing the road. 过马路时小心。 The review would then be made public when (it is) completed. 审查工作完成后将向公众公布。 1．（2023·天津·高考真题）________our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who enjoy the same hobbies, even if they live on the other side of the world. A．However B．Whatever C．Wherever D．Whichever 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】让步状语从句 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：无论我们的爱好是什么，互联网都可以把我们和世界另一端有相同爱好的人联系起来。A. However 然而；B. Whatever 无论什么；C. Wherever 无论哪里；D. Whichever 无论哪一个。________our hobbies 为省略句，其完整句子为________ our hobbies are，从句缺少表语，指物，所以whatever引导让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”。故选 B。 2．（2022·天津·高考真题）________ we achieve great success in our work, we should not be too proud. A．Ever since B．Even if C．In case D．As though 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】even if、ever since、让步状语从句、in case、as though 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：即使在工作中取得巨大成功，我们也不应该骄傲。A. Ever since自从；B. Even if即使，尽管；C. In case以免；D. As though好像。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导状语从句，结合句意可知，两个句子之间为让步关系，even if意为“即使，尽管”符合语境。故选B项。 3．（2020·天津·高考真题）—Why do people like pop music? I hate it so much. —______ it is not your style, that doesn’t mean it is bad. A．Only if B．Even though C．Now that D．In case 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】让步状语从句 【详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意:--人们为什么喜欢流行音乐?我非常讨厌它。--即使这不是你的风格，也不意味着它不好。A. Only if只有在……的时候；B. Even though即使，尽管；C. Now that既然；D. In case以防，万一。前半句说:它不是你的风格；后半句说:这并不意味着流行音乐不好。很明显，前后两句之间是转折关系，空处引导让步状语从句。故选B。 4．（2019·江苏·高考真题）The doctor shares his phone number with the patients ________ they need medical assistance. A．if only B．as if C．even though D．in case 【答案】D 【难度】0.65 【知识点】目的状语从句 【详解】考查状语从句的连词。句意：医生给了病人他的手机号码，以防病人需要医疗援助。A. if only要是……多好；B. as if好像，仿佛；C. even though即使，尽管；D. in case以备，以防，免得。故选D符合语境。 5．（2019·天津·高考真题）Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents’ opinion ________ he wants their support. A．since B．once C．unless D．after 【答案】C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】从属连词、条件状语从句 【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：汤姆是如此独立，以至于他从来不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。A. since既然；B. once一旦；C. unless除非；D. after在……之后。故选C符合语境。 6．（2018·天津·高考真题）Make sure you save all your work on screen____the computer breaks down. A．in case B．as if C．so that D．even though 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】条件状语从句 【详解】考查状语从句。。句意：确保你把所有的工作都保存在屏幕上，以防电脑坏掉。A. in case万一；B. as if 好像；C. so that为了---；D. even though即使此处是in case引导的条件状语从句，故答案为A。 7．（2024·天津河北·二模）Scientists have discovered that it is hundreds of years ______ plastic breaks down, whereas for paper, the period is much shorter. A．when B．before C．since D．after 【答案】B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】before、before引导时间状语从句 【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：科学家们发现塑料需要数百年才能分解，而纸的分解周期要短得多。A. when当……时候；B. before在……之前；C. since自从；D. after在……之后。空处引导时间状语从句，为连词词性；根据句意，塑料分解之前有数百年的时间，故应用before。故选B。 8．（2024·天津·二模）You should bring your jacket with you __________ the weather takes a turn and becomes cold later. A．so that B．as if C．in case D．even if 【答案】C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】even if、so that、从属连词、as if、in case、in case引导目的状语从句 【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：你应该带上一件夹克，以防过会儿变天，天气会冷。A. so that以至于；B. as if好像；C. in case以防万一；D. even if即使。根据句意，带上夹克的目的就是为了防止天气变冷，in case符合题意，故选C项。 9．（2024·天津·二模）With my father’s guidance and encouragement, I learned how to ride a bike ________ I knew it. A．when B．until C．as D．before 【答案】D 【难度】0.65 【知识点】时间状语从句 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：在父亲的指导和鼓励下，我不知不觉地学会了骑自行车。A. when当……时；B. until直到；C. as因为；D. before在……之前。分析句子结构可知，此处是时间状语从句。before sb. knew it表示“不知不觉中；在自知之前”。故选D项。 10．（2024·天津河北·一模）Please ensure you have a backup of all your documents ________ the system upgrade encounters unexpected issues. A．even if B．as if C．ever since D．in case 【答案】D 【难度】0.65 【知识点】even if、ever since、从属连词、目的状语从句、as if、in case 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：请确保您已备份了所有文件，以防系统升级遇到意外问题。A. even if即使；B. as if好像；C.ever since自从；D. in case以防。根据上文“Please ensure you have a backup of all your documents”可知备份文件是以防升级遇到意外问题，in case“以防”符合题意，引导目的状语从句。故选D。 11．（2023·天津和平·二模）You can learn enough first aid knowledge in a few minutes—________ it’s from reading a book, attending a course or watching videos online. A．when B．as C．whether D．once 【答案】C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】让步状语从句 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：你可以在几分钟内学到足够的急救知识——无论是通过读书、参加课程还是在线观看视频。固定结构：whether...or...“不管……还是……”。引导让步状语从句。结合句意及选项可知，选项C符合题意，故选C。 12．（2019·天津河北·一模）This is a very interesting book. I’ll buy it, ________. A．however much it may cost B．no matter how it may cost C．how much may it cost D．however many it may cost 【答案】A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】让步状语从句 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：这是一本非常有趣的书。不管花多少钱我都会买它的。no matter how和however都可以引导让步状语从句，no matter how或however的后面要接形容词或副词，然后再接从句的其他部分，且从句应用陈述句语序。表示花钱多少应该用much，many指代可数名词复数。综上，A选项正确。 13．（2019·天津宁河·模拟预测）— Why didn’t you try to finish the composition? — I tried to, but ________ I could, the bell ran announcing the end of the examination. A．until B．when C．after D．before 【答案】D 【难度】0.65 【知识点】时间状语从句、从属连词 【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：——你为什么不试着把作文写完？——我尽力了，但是在我写完之前宣布考试结束的铃声就响了。A. until直到；B. when当……的时候；C. after在……之后；D. before在……之前。根据but可知，他没有写完作文，所以是在写完之前铃声响了，故选D项。 ( 第 2 页 共 15 页 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$