精品解析：四川省乐山市乐山一中2024-2025学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题

乐山一中高2025届高三(上)10月月考英语测试卷 (本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What’s probably the woman’s job? A. A hotel receptionist. B. A librarian. C. A customs officer. 2. Why does the woman make the call? A. To make an application. B. To give information. C. To answer a question. 3. How does Linda feel? A. Confused. B. Surprised. C. Shocked. 4. What makes Jim hurry? A. Attending a lecture. B. Doing business. C. Meeting assistants. 5. Which does the man prefer? A. Beef stew. B. Fried eggs. C. Fish soup. 第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman dislike? A Playing football. B. Watching football. C. Going skating. 7. How often does the man skate? A. Never. B. Occasionally. C. Regularly. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a hotel. C. At home. 9. What seems to be the problem for the woman? A. She was overcharged. B. She got the wrong food. C. She lost the bill. 10. How is the man’s service? A. Disappointing. B. Annoying. C. Satisfying. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What’s the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 12. How is the man’s way of describing the math problem? A. Amusing. B. Simple. C. Complicated. 13. What does Mr. Williams teach? A. Maths. B. History. C. English. 听第9段材料，回答第 14至17题。 14. What’s the woman doing? A. Hosting a program. B. Organizing a meeting. C. Treating a guest. 15. What makes the man’s tea different? A. Being blended. B. Being pure. C. Being processed. 16 Why does the company buy their tea directly from the growers? A. To reduce the price. B. To guide the growers. C. To track the growing process. 17. What will the man talk about in the end? A. The source of their tea. B. The kinds of their tea. C. The characteristics of their tea. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. A tradition. B. A performance. C. China town. 19. Who will make speeches in the gathering? A. Railroad workers. B. Entertainers. C. Government officials. 20. What will people do after the afternoon performance? A. Buy clothes. B. Have dinner. C. Visit the museum. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A King’s College London Volunteering is seeking for paid members to sit on the Student Advisory Board for Volunteering. The Board plays a significant role in influencing the development and delivery of the volunteering service. Its aim is to discover volunteering opportunities for students, teachers and other staff at school. Volunteering, which has the potential to create positive social impact, is a key priority for King’s. The Board will ensure that students’ needs are at the core of the service so that all King’s students can make a difference. This year, the Student Advisory Board for Volunteering will co-create the agenda, and potential issues include: ·Volunteering opportunities for the disabled. ·Promotion of the Board’s service. ·How to recognize and reward volunteers. ·Evaluation (评估) of the Board’s work. This is a unique and exciting opportunity accessible to all studying at King’s, regardless of the volunteer experiences. The Board will be run both online and in-person, and the Board’s members will be paid the London Living Wage (£11.95 per hour) via King’s Talent Bank. The application deadline is 23:59 on Saturday, 31st August 2024. Apply via the form below, using your King’s email address. 1. What does the Board aim to do for those at King’s? A. Perform voluntary work. B. Meet their academic needs. C. Provide learning opportunities. D. Discover volunteering chances. 2. Which of the following is a possible topic for this year’s agenda? A. Running the Board online. B. Training voluntary workers. C. Evaluating the Board’s performance. D. Taking care of people with disabilities. 3. Who can apply to be a member of the Board at King’s? A The students. B. The teachers. C. The graduates. D. The working staff. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦国王学院志愿服务正在招募有偿成员成为其学生顾问委员会成员。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中““Its aim is to discover volunteering opportunities for students, teachers and other staff at school. (它的目的是为学校的学生、教师和其他工作人员发现志愿服务的机会)”可知，委员会的目标是发现志愿服务的机会。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“This year, the Student Advisory Board for Volunteering will co-create the agenda, and potential issues include (今年，学生志愿服务顾问委员会将共同制定议程，潜在的议题包括)”和其下的第四点“Evaluation (评估) of the Board’s work. (评价委员会的工作)”可知，评估委员会的工作是今年的议程主题之一。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“This is a unique and exciting opportunity accessible to all studying at King’s, regardless of the volunteer experiences. (这是一个独特而令人兴奋的机会，所有在国王学院学习的人都可以获得，无论志愿者经历如何)”可知，学生可以申请成为委员会的一员。故选A项。 B Raised in a fatherless home, my father was extremely tightfisted towards us children. His attitude didn’t soften as I grew into adulthood and drifted away to college. I had to ride the bus whenever I came home. Though the bus stopped about two miles from home, Dad never met me, even in cold weather. If I grumbled (嘟囔), he’d say in his loudest father voice, “That’s what your legs are for!” The walk didn’t bother me as much as the fear of walking alone along the highway and country roads. I also felt less than valued that my father didn’t seem concerned about my safety. That feeling was canceled one spring evening. It had been a particularly difficult week at college after long hours in labs. I longed for home. When the bus reached a stop, I stepped off and dragged my suitcase to begin the long journey home. A row of hedge (篱笆) edged the driveway that climbed the hill to our house. Once I had turned off the highway to start the last lap of my journey, I was always relieved to see the hedge because it meant that I was almost home. On that particular evening, the hedge had just come into view when I saw something gray moving along the top of the hedge, moving toward the house. Upon closer observation, I realized it was the top of my father’s head. Then I knew, each time I’d come home, he had stood behind the hedge, watching, until he knew I had arrived safely. I swallowed hard against the threatening tears. He did care, after all. On later visits, that spot of gray became my watchtower. I could hardly wait until I was close enough to watch for its secret movement above the greenery. Upon reaching home, I would find my father sitting innocently in his chair. “So! My son, it’s you!” he’d say, his face lengthening into pretended surprise. I replied, “Yes, Dad, it’s me. I’m home.” 4. What did the author think of the two-mile walk home? A. It reflected his value. B. It was the most troublesome. C. It wasn’t ranked number one in his concerns. D. It was extremely unbearable in cold weathers. 5. How did the author feel when he saw the hedge? A. Disappointed. B. Hopeful. C. Frustrated. D. Regretful. 6. Why did the author’s father watch behind the hedge? A. The author often changed routes back home. B. He wanted to help the author build up courage. C. He was really concerned about his son’s safety. D. That was the only way he could express his love. 7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Father’s Secret. B. My Childhood Life. C. Terrible Journey Home. D. Riding Bus Alone. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的父亲表面上不关心自己的孩子，实际上会躲在树篱后看着儿子回家，确保孩子的安全。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“The walk didn’t bother me as much as the fear of walking alone along the highway and country roads. (步行并没有像独自沿着高速公路和乡间小路行走的恐惧那样困扰我。)”可知，步行两英里回家不是作者最担心的事情，故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“A row of hedge (篱笆) edged the driveway that climbed the hill to our house. Once I had turned off the highway to start the last lap of my journey, I was always relieved to see the hedge because it meant that I was almost home. (一排篱笆沿着爬山到我们家的车道。一旦我离开高速公路开始我旅程的最后一圈，我总是松了一口气，因为这意味着我快到家了。)”可知，作者看到树篱时会觉得充满希望，故选B项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Then I knew, each time I’d come home, he had stood behind the hedge, watching, until he knew I had arrived safely. I swallowed hard against the threatening tears. He did care, after all. (然后我知道，每次我回家时，他都站在篱笆后面看着，直到他知道我安全到达。我强忍着眼泪狠狠地咽了口唾沫。毕竟，他确实在乎。)”可知，作者的父亲在树篱后面看着是因为他真的关心儿子的安全，故选C项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者的父亲表面上不关心自己的儿子，实际上会躲在树篱后看着儿子回家，确保孩子的安全，A项“Father’s Secret. (父亲的秘密)”可以概括文章主题，故选A项。 C In the Roman times and throughout the Middle Ages, salt was a valuable commodity (商品), and also served as “white gold”. Soldiers in the Roman army were sometimes paid with salt instead of money. Their monthly allowance was called “salarium” (“sal” being the Latin word for salt). This Latin root can be recognized in the French word “salaire” and it eventually made it into English as the word “salary”. Language is something we take for granted. However, as the example with the word “salary” shows, languages are not static. Like biological species, languages change over time, and sometimes develop to give rise to several descendant (后代) languages. For example, French, Italian, and Spanish are among the languages that have evolved from Latin. And like species, languages can go extinct, too. Given all these similarities, linguists (语言学家) who study the evolution of languages often use tools that are similar to those used by evolutionary biologists. One such tool is the reconstruction of a species tree. Such a tree shows the evolutionary history and relationships within a given group of biological species. Using a reconstructed species tree, evolutionary biologists can often infer specific characteristics of ancestral species. Or they can match up common ancestors in the tree with actual fossils that have been found by paleontologists (古生物学家). This allows them to put real dates at various branching points in the tree. Thus, species tree reconstruction is an essential tool in studying biological evolution. A similar technique can be used to study language evolution because languages also evolve and consist of words that can be easily compared. Indeed, linguists have reconstructed entire language trees. And as with species trees, characteristics of ancient ancestral languages can be derived (衍生) from them. Of course, there also are some differences between species evolution and language evolution, each requiring unique additional methods to study them in detail. But, overall, it is fascinating to see how the basic ideas and research tools of language evolution are similar to those of biological evolution. 8. Why does the author mention the word “salary” in paragraph 1? A. To illustrate the evolution of language. B. To present the effect of Latin on languages. C. To stress the value of salt in ancient times. D. To show developments in linguistic theory. 9. What can we infer from paragraph 2? A. Cultural diversity and biodiversity are linked. B. Species and languages have a lot in common. C. Human-caused mass extinction is accelerating. D. Languages influence and learn from each other. 10. What can we know about the reconstructed species tree? A. It is currently in the design stage. B. It facilitates the research of linguists. C. It can be used in a variety of ways. D. It is the first choice for biologists. 11. What can be the best title for the text? A. The Language System Evolved Over Time B. The Twin Extinctions of Species and Languages C. Salt Played a Crucial Role in Early Human History D. From Salt to Salary: Linguists Take a Page from Biology 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了语言进化与生物进化有众多相似之处，语言学家从研究自然物种演变的“物种树”中获取灵感，创建了“语言树”。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。第一段介绍了英语中的“salary”一词的由来。下文介绍了语言进化同物种进化之间的相似性，这种相似性启发语言学家创建类似于物种树的语言树，帮助推进语言研究。由此可推断，作者在第一段提及“salary”是为了说明语言在不断演变。故选A项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Like biological species, languages change over time, and sometimes develop to give rise to several descendant (后代) languages. For example, French, Italian, and Spanish are among the languages that have evolved from Latin. And like species, languages can go extinct, too.(就像生物物种一样，语言随着时间的推移而改变，有时会发展出几种后代语言。例如，法语、意大利语和西班牙语就是从拉丁语演变而来的语言之一。而且和物种一样，语言也可能灭绝)”可知，就像生物物种一样，语言会随着时间的推移而变化，有时会“物种化”，产生几种后代语言。就像物种一样，语言也会灭绝。由此可推断，物种和语言有很多相似之处。故选B项。 10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三、四、五段内容可知，语言进化与生物进化有很多相似之处，因此，一些语言学家经常使用与进化生物学家使用的工具相似的工具。物种树是帮助进化生物学家研究生物进化的重要工具，同时也为语言学家提供了灵感，促进了语言学家的研究。故选B项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。作者在第一段以英语中的“salary”一词的例子说明了语言也在进化，进而在下文介绍物种和语言有很多相似之处，物种树启示语言学家创建语言树来推动语言的研究。D项能概括本文大意。故选D项。 D About ten years ago, logging into Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram would mostly show posts from friends and family in the order they were posted. Today, these platforms present a mix of content, tailored by algorithms (算法) to match users’ interests, whether it’s plants, sports, cats, or politics. Kyle Chayka, a writer for The New Yorker, discusses this topic in his book, Filterworld. He explains that algorithms analyze user data to predict and influence what they will likely engage with. This means that instead of a simple, chronological feed, users encounter a dynamic stream, constantly adapting to their preferences. Chayka examines how these algorithmic recommendations control what we consume, from music and movies to food and travel destinations. He argues that this machine-driven selection process has turned us into passive consumers, making our preferences and tastes more similar. Chayka points out that algorithms make us passive by always showing us content that we’re unlikely to click away from but won’t find too unexpected or challenging. This constant stream of recommendations reduces our exposure to diverse or challenging content, subtly shaping our preferences and behaviors. Moreover, Chayka points out that algorithms also pressure content creators, like musicians and artists, to tailor their work to fit these digital platforms. For instance, musicians on Spotify or TikTok might focus on creating catchy hooks at the beginning of their songs to grab the listener’s attention. Despite the strong presence of these algorithms, Chayka believes that regulation could reduce their influence. He suggests that if Meta, the parent company of Facebook, were required to separate its various services, like Instagram or WhatsApp, and make them compete with each other, it could give users more control and choice over their digital consumption. In summary, the change from simple, time-ordered social. media posts to algorithm-driven content has a big impact on both the viewers and the creators, influencing what we see, hear, and even think. Chayka’s insights highlight the need for greater awareness and potentially more regulation in our increasingly digital world. 12. According to the text, how have social media platforms changed in the past ten years? A. They show posts in a time-based order. B. They prioritize posts from friends and family. C. They make adjustments to satisfy users’ needs. D. They provide more content to meet different needs. 13. What does Kyle Chayka think of algorithmic recommendations? A. They make users more active consumers. B. They shape users’ preferences and behaviors. C. They reduce the influence of content creators. D. They expose users to diverse and challenging content. 14. How do algorithms influence musicians’ work on digital platforms? A. By encouraging musicians to create longer songs. B. By discouraging musicians from using catchy hooks. C. By giving musicians more control and choice over their music. D. By requiring musicians to create their work to fit the platforms. 15. What can be concluded from the text? A. Tech companies should have more departments. B. Social media algorithms give content creators less opportunities. C. Social media algorithms flatten our culture by making decisions for us. D. Network platforms have increased the common recommendations for 10 years. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如今社交媒体运用算法会根据用户的喜好进行相应的推送。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“About ten years ago, logging into Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram would mostly show posts from friends and family in the order they were posted. Today, these platforms present a mix of content, tailored by algorithms to match users’ interests, whether it’s plants, sports, cats, or politics.”（大约十年前，登录Facebook、Twitter或Instagram，看到的大多是朋友和家人发布的帖子，顺序是先后的。如今，这些平台呈现的内容是多种多样的，通过算法进行定制，以匹配用户的兴趣，无论是植物、体育、猫还是政治）可知，社交媒体平台在过去的十年里会根据用户的需求进行调整。故选C项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“This constant stream of recommendations reduces our exposure to diverse or challenging content, subtly shaping our preferences and behaviors.”（这种源源不断的推荐减少了我们接触多样化或具有挑战性的内容，微妙地塑造了我们的偏好和行为）可知，Kyle Chayka认为算法推荐塑造了用户的偏好和行为。故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Moreover, Chayka points out that algorithms also pressure content creators, like musicians and artists, to tailor their work to fit these digital platforms.”（此外，Chayka还指出，算法还会迫使音乐家和艺术家等内容创作者调整自己的作品，以适应这些数字平台）可知，算法要求音乐家创作适合平台的作品。故选D项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文且根据第三段“This constant stream of recommendations reduces our exposure to diverse or challenging content, subtly shaping our preferences and behaviors.”（这种源源不断的推荐减少了我们接触多样化或具有挑战性的内容，微妙地塑造了我们的偏好和行为）可知，文章主要介绍了社交媒体运用算法会根据用户的喜好进行相应的推送，但推送的内容因为缺乏挑战和多样性，进而使我们的文化更加扁平化。故选C项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 To make science’s stories more concrete and engaging, it’s important to use some effective strategies. Here are four of them. Put people in the story Science’s stories often lack human characters. ___16___. Characters can be also people affected by a scientific topic, or interested in learning more about it. Besides, they can be storytellers who are sharing their personal experiences. ___17___ People often think of science as objective and fair. But science is actually a human practice that continuously involves choices, missteps and biases (偏见) . If you explain science as a course, you can walk people through the sequence of how science is done and why researchers reach certain conclusions. ___18___. And they can also stress the reason why people should trust the course of science to provide the most accurate conclusions possible given the available information. Include what people care about Scientific topics are important, but they may not always be the public’s most pressing concerns. In April 2024, a polling company found that “the quality of the environment” was one of the lowest-ranked priorities among people in the US. The stories about the environment could weave in connections to higher-priority topics. ___19___. Tell science's stories Scientists, of course, can be science communicators, but everyone can tell science’s stories. When we share information online about health, or talk to friends and family about the weather, we contribute to information that circulates about science topics. ___20___. Think about all of a story’s characteristics — character, action, sequence, scope, storyteller and content - and how you might incorporate them into the topic. A. Explain science as a process B. Shoot attractive short science videos C. Scientists themselves can actually become ideal ones D. This practice is to stress why the content is important E. You can tell growth stories of remarkable teenage scientists F. Science communicators can emphasize how science is conducted G. You may as well borrow features from stories to strengthen your message 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. F 19. D 20. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种使科学故事更具体且引人入胜的策略。 【16题详解】 上文“Science’s stories often lack human characters. (科学的故事往往缺乏人物角色。)”说明科学的故事缺乏人物角色。空处顺接上文，应介绍科学故事中的人物可以是谁。C项中的ideal ones指代前文中的human characters，说明C项“科学家本身可以成为理想的人物角色”，符合语境。故选C。 【17题详解】 下文“People often think of science as objective and fair. But science is actually a human practice that continuously involves choices, missteps and biases (偏见) . If you explain science as a course, you can walk people through the sequence of how science is done and why researchers reach certain conclusions. (人们通常认为科学是客观和公正的。但实际上，科学是一种不断涉及选择、失误和偏见的人类活动。如果你把科学解释为一个过程，你可以带领人们了解科学研究的步骤以及研究人员为何会得出特定的结论。)”说明本段主要介绍了如果把科学解释成一个过程，你可以带领人们了解科学是如何进行的。A项“将科学解释为一个过程。”适合作本段的主旨句，统领全段。故选A。 【18题详解】 下文“And they can also stress the reason why people should trust the course of science to provide the most accurate conclusions possible given the available information. (他们还可以强调为什么人们应该信任科学的过程，因为这一过程能够在现有信息的基础上提供尽可能准确的结论。)”说明科学传播者可以让人们信任科学的过程。空处和下文并列说出科学传播者的作用。下文中的they指代F项中的Science communicators，说明科学传播者可以强调科学是如何进行的，也可以强调为什么人们应该信任科学的过程。所以F项“科学传播者可以强调科学是如何进行的”符合语境。故选F。 【19题详解】 上文“The stories about the environment could weave in connections to higher-priority topics. (关于环境的故事可能会与更高优先级的话题交织在一起。)”说明关于环境的故事可以与更高优先级的主题联系起来。空处指出这样的目的。D项中的“This practice”指代前文中的“将环境故事与更高优先级主题联系起来”这一做法，说明D项“这样做是为了强调内容的重要性。”符合语境。故选D。 【20题详解】 上文“Scientists, of course, can be science communicators, but everyone can tell science’s stories. When we share information online about health, or talk to friends and family about the weather, we contribute to information that circulates about science topics. (当然，科学家可以成为科学传播者，但每个人都可以讲述科学的故事。当我们在网上分享有关健康的信息，或与朋友和家人谈论天气时，我们为传播有关科学主题的信息做出了贡献。)”说明我们每个人通过分享日常生活中的信息，都可以成为科学传播者。空处顺接前文，引出下文，指出如何做来强化信息的传递。G项中的“borrow features from stories”和下文中的“a story’s characteristics - character, action, sequence, scope, storyteller and content”相呼应，所以G项“你也不妨借用故事的特点来加强你的信息”符合语境。故选G。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was waiting in line at the gas bar when two small white cars drove in out of nowhere and ___21___ right in front of me. I wish I could calmly ___22___ this new situation, but I can’t. I was overcome with anger. I got my tank filled up and drove ___23___ to a snack bar to grab a burger. As I sat in my car ___24___ an above-average tasty lunch, I was still angry about the gas pump fiends (魔鬼). Suddenly I remembered something. I was in line at a grocery checkout and my items had been rung up ___25___ I discovered I had left my card in my car. I apologized and the cashier suggested I go get the card and come back. When I made it through the ___26___ to her again, she told me my $14 or so in ___27___ had already been paid for. A young man, who had a young boy with him, seeing my ___28___, offered to pay for my stuff. I went into the parking lot to see if I could find my ___29___. I couldn’t. But as I was about to get into my car, another car ____30____ beside mine and a young man with a boy got out. “I heard you were looking for me,” he smiled. “I paid your bill.” I thanked him greatly and apologized for not having any cash on me. ____31____, my young friend, who had a car older and more ____32____ than mine, said he didn’t want to be paid back. He was just glad to help out. He more than ____33____ the two friends at the gas bar. And I am glad I have my ____34____ of him and what he ____35____ did to counteract my anger. 21. A. broke B. exploded C. joined D. cut 22. A. cancel B. accept C. reject D. track 23. A. at random B. in particular C. straight D. slow 24. A. consuming B. enjoying C. buying D. making 25. A. until B. unless C. before D. when 26. A. car B. line C. gas bar D. parking lot 27. A. purchase B. reality C. order D. place 28. A. sorrow B. patience C. panic D. curiosity 29. A. burger B. fiend C. cashier D. donor 30. A. pulled up B. passed by C. drove away D. pulled out 31. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Instead 32. A. expensive B. insignificant C. worn-out D. good-looking 33. A. met with B. made up for C. picked out D. fit in with 34. A. memory B. admiration C. apology D. experiment 35. A. occasionally B. desperately C. purposely D. selflessly 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者在加油站排队时被插队，感到愤怒。后来在超市结账时忘记带卡，一位陌生男子帮助他支付了账单。善意让作者忘却了之前的不快，重新对人性充满了希望和感激。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语/动词词义辨析。句意：我在加油站排队等候时，两辆白色小汽车不知从哪儿开进来，正好插到我的正前方。A. broke (in)闯入；B. exploded爆炸；C. joined (in)加入；D. cut (in) 插队。根据上文“I was waiting in line”和下文“right in front of me”可知，作者在排队加油时被插了队。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望我能平静地接受这种新情况，但我做不到。A. cancel取消；B. accept接受；C. reject拒绝；D. track跟踪。根据上文“calmly”和下文“but I can’t. I was overcome with anger.”可推知，作者本想平静接受，但做不到，感到非常生气。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查介词短语和副词辨析。句意：我把油加满，然后直接开车去了快餐店，买个汉堡。A. at random随意地；B. in particular特别地；C. straight直接地；D. slow缓慢地。根据上文“I was overcome with anger.”可推知，作者很生气，所以加完油后直接开车离开了。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我坐在车里吃这顿不错的午餐时，我仍然因加油站的魔鬼们而感到生气。A. consuming吃；B. enjoying享受；C. buying购买；D. making制作。根据上文“grab a burger.”可知，作者在吃汉堡；另外，结合下文“I was still angry about the gas pump fiends (魔鬼).”可推知，“享受”一词不符合作者当时的心境。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：我在杂货店收银台前排队，刚一到我的物品结账的时我突然发现信用卡忘在车里了。A. until直到；B. unless除非；C. before在……之前；D. when当……时候。had done...when...是固定搭配，意为“刚……，突然/这时……”。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我再次排到收银员面前时，她告诉我，我买的大约14美元的东西已经付款了。A. car汽车；B. line队列；C. gas bar加油站；D. parking lot停车场。根据上文“I go get the card and come back.”可知，作者要去拿信用卡，然后再回来付款，结合下文“again”可推知，作者拿卡后再次排队，到收银员面前。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我再次排到收银员面前时，她告诉我，我买的大约14美元的东西已经付款了。A. purchase购买；B. reality现实；C. order订单；D. place地方。根据“$14 or so”可知，这是购买的物品的价钱。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个年轻人，带着一个小男孩，看到我的慌乱，提出为我的东西付钱。A. sorrow悲伤；B. patience耐心；C. panic慌乱；D. curiosity好奇心。根据上文“I was in line at a grocery checkout and my items had been rung up 5 I discovered I had left my card in my car. I apologized and the cashier suggested I go get the card and come back.”可推知，作者要付款是却发现没带信用卡，结合常识，他当时感到慌乱。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我去了停车场，想看看能不能找到帮我付钱的人。A. burger汉堡；B. fiend朋友；C. cashier收银员；D. donor捐赠者，施主。根据下文“But as I was about to get into my car, another car 10 beside mine and a young man with a boy got out.”和““I heard you were looking for me,” he smiled. “I paid your bill.” I thanked him greatly and apologized for not having any cash on me.”可知，作者在找的是帮他付钱的人，即捐赠者。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但当我正要上车时，另一辆车停在我旁边，一个年轻人带着一个男孩下了车。A. pulled up 停下；B. passed by经过；C. drove away驶离；D. pulled out拔出。根据下文“a young man with a boy got out.”可知，一辆车停在旁边，下来一个年轻人和一个男孩。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这位年轻朋友有一辆比我的车更破旧的车，他说不需要我还钱。A. Besides除此之外；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Instead相反。根据下文“who had a car older and more 12 than mine, said he didn’t want to be paid back.”可知，虽然年轻人并不比作者富有，但他不需要作者还钱，上下文之间是转折关系。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这位年轻朋友有一辆比我的车更破旧的车，他说不需要我还钱。A. expensive昂贵的；B. insignificant不重要的；C. worn-out破旧的；D. good-looking好看的。根据上文“had a car older”可推知，年轻人的车更旧，更破。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他完全抵消了在加油站那两个魔鬼带给我的伤害。A. met with遇见；B. made up for弥补，抵消；C. picked out挑选；D. fit in with适应。根据上文第一段中“I was overcome with anger.”和下文“to counteract my anger.”可知，年轻人的善意让作者心情发生了变化，抵消了之前的伤害。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴我还记得他，和他的无私行为帮我化解了愤怒。A. memory记忆；B. admiration钦佩；C. apology道歉；D. experiment实验。根据上文可知，年轻人帮助作者支付了账单，作者现在在讲述这件事情，所以作者仍然记得他，有他的记忆。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴我还记得他，和他的无私行为帮我化解了愤怒。A. occasionally偶然；B. desperately绝望地；C. purposely故意地；D. selflessly无私地。根据上文可知，年轻人帮助作者支付了账单，这是一种无私的做法。故选D项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Duan inkstone,___36___(originate) in the Tang Dynasty, is one of the four most famous inkstones in China. This writing tool is named ___37___ its birthplace, Duan Creek in Zhaoqing City, Guangdong Province. For centuries, it has been the ___38___(center) region for Duan inkstone production and even today, most of the villagers still earn their living by making inkstones. The stones ___39___(employ) for Duan inkstone are characterized by its fine texture, smooth surface, and rich coloration (天然色彩). The natural coloration gives each piece a distinctive ___40___(appear) that enhances its beauty and value. The procedure to make a Duan Inkstone includes four steps: stone picking, selection, carving and box matching, among ___41___ stone picking and carving are the two most important steps. It is very hard to hand- pick the stones with no flaw, and other alternative tools such as dynamite (炸药)___42___(forbid). Carving stresses good concept, fine shape of the stones ___43___ exceptional skills. In addition to natural designs, there are also flowers and birds, figures, mountains and waters carved on the stones. Throughout history, Duan inkstone has been ___44___(particular) favored by scholars, poets, and artists, who kept it as a symbol of their status and appreciation for the arts. Today, it continues to hold ___45___ unique place in the hearts of calligraphers and collectors. 【答案】36. originating 37. after 38. central 39. employed 40. appearance 41. which 42. are forbidden 43. and 44. particularly 45. a 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，短文介绍了段砚及其制造工艺。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：段砚起源于唐代，是中国四大名砚之一。句中已有谓语is，空处使用非谓语形式，originate和逻辑主语The Duan inkstone之间是主谓关系，使用现在分词形式，故填originating。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：这种书写工具以它的诞生地——广东省肇庆市端溪而得名。name after“以……命名”，故填after。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：几个世纪以来，它一直是段砚生产的中心地区，即使在今天，大多数村民仍然以制作砚为生。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词region，central“中心的”，形容词，故填central。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：段砚所用的石材质地细腻，表面光滑，天然色彩丰富。employ和stones之间是动宾关系，使用过去分词作后置定语，故填employed。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：天然的颜色赋予每件作品独特的外观，提高了它的美丽和价值。空处应填名词单数作give的直接宾语，故填appearance。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：段砚台的制作过程包括采石、选石、雕、配盒四个步骤，其中采石、雕是最重要的两个步骤。此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是steps，关系词在从句中作宾语，使用关系代词which，故填which。 【42题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：手工挑选没有瑕疵的石头是非常困难的，其他替代工具，如炸药是禁止的。句子是描述一个事实，主语tools和动词forbid之间是被动关系，使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，故填are forbidden。 【43题详解】 考查连词。句意：雕刻讲究概念好、形状好、技艺高超。good concept, fine shape of the stones和exceptional skills之间是并列关系，使用连词and连接，故填and。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：纵观历史，段砚一直受到学者、诗人和艺术家的特别青睐，他们把它作为他们地位和欣赏艺术的象征。空处修饰动词favored，使用副词形式，故填particularly。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：今天，它仍然在书法家和收藏家的心中占有独特的地位。place表示泛指，使用不定冠词，unique是以元音音素开头，故填a。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，一个月前你给校英文报专栏Interpersonal Relationships投稿，但尚未收到回复。请你写一封邮件问询，内容包括： 1.简述稿件内容； 2.询问稿件情况。 注意: 1.写作词敷应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在各题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Editor, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Editor, I contributed to your “Interpersonal Relationships” column a month ago. Not having received any response yet, I am writing to inquire about it. Titled “Strangers under the Same Roof”, my article explores various practical strategies for us teenagers to maintain a harmonious parent-child relationship. Does it ring a bell with you? I’m eager to know if my contribution has been selected for publication or if any further modifications are needed. Thank you for your attention. Looking forward to your reply. Sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给校报编辑写封信询问自己投稿的情况。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 回复：response→reply/answer 各种各样的：various→all kinds of/a variety of 策略：strategy→tactic 渴望的：eager→keen/anxious 2. 句式拓展 简单句变强调句 原句：I contributed to your “Interpersonal Relationships” column a month ago. 拓展句：It was a month ago that I contributed to your “Interpersonal Relationships” column. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Not having received any response yet, I am writing to inquire about it.(使用了现在分词的完成式作状语、不定式作目的状语) 【高分句型2】Titled “Strangers under the Same Roof”, my article explores various practical strategies for us teenagers to maintain a harmonious parent-child relationship.(使用了过去分词作状语、不定式作后置定语) 【高分句型3】I’m eager to know if my contribution has been selected for publication or if any further modifications are needed.(使用了不定式作原因状语、if引导宾语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Some years before, when we moved to town, Mother had decided to start a day nursery. She had no training, but that didn’t stand in her way. Through correspondence courses(函授课程)in child care, she qualified herself for the task. Soon she had a full enrollment(招生)and a waiting list. But neither the nursery nor the motel my parents bought later had provided enough income to send my sister and me to college. A few months after we had sold the motel, Mother arrived home with a used typewriter. From that day on, as soon as the table was cleared and the dishes were done, Mother would disappear into her sewing room to practice. The slow tap, tap, tap went on some nights until midnight. It was nearly Christmas when I heard Mother got a job at the radio station. I was not the least bit surprised or impressed. But she was extremely happy. Monday, after her first day at work, I could see that the excitement was gone. Mother looked tired and upset. I responded by ignoring her. Sitting beside her on the couch, I began very slowly to understand. I could sense her pain and the tension of holding back the strong emotions that were interrupted by my arrival. Suddenly, something inside me turned. I reached out and put my arms around her. She broke then. She put her face against my shoulder and sobbed. I understood for the first time her vulnerability(脆弱). A week later Mother took a new job selling dry goods at half the salary the radio station had offered. “It’s a job I can do,” she said simply. But the evening practice sessions on the old green typewriter continued. I had a very different feeling now when I passed her door at night and heard her tapping away. I knew there was something more going on in there than a woman learning to type. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Two years later, I left for college and Mother decided to quit her old job. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The old green typewriter sits in my office now, unrepaired. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Two years later, I left for college and Mother decided to quit her old job. Mother had an office job with better pay and more responsibility. I have to believe that in some strange way she learned as much from her moment of defeat as I did, because several years later, when I had finished college and proudly accepted a job as a newspaper reporter, she had already been a journalist with our hometown paper for six months. One day when I asked her to give me the old typewriter, she agreed, but told me not to have it fixed. The old green typewriter sits in my office now, unrepaired. It is a souvenir, but what it recalls for me is not quite what it recalled for Mother. When I’m having trouble with a story and think about giving up or when I start to feel sorry for myself and think things should be easier for me, I roll a piece of paper into that cranky old machine and type, word by painful word, just the way mother did. What I remember then is not her failure, but her courage, the courage to go ahead. It’s the best souvenir anyone ever gave me. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者一家人搬到一个小镇，母亲决定开一所托儿所，于是开始接受培训，并有资质开了一个托儿所，但是为了给作者和妹妹提供足够上大学的钱，母亲决定换一个工作，于是买了一个二手的打字机，每天练习打字。随后母亲在广播电视台找到了一份工作，但是母亲感觉很疲累，很痛苦，觉得自己不能胜任这份工作。接着母亲换了一份卖干货的新工作，但是母亲每天仍然练习打字，以便以后能胜任更好的工作的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“两年后，我离开家去上大学，母亲决定辞去以前的工作”可知，第一段可描写作者的母亲找到了一份很好的工作，并在自己的岗位上学到很多，而作者也像母亲一样找到了一份好工作。 ②由第二段首句内容“那台旧的绿色打字机现在放在我的办公室里，没有修理”可知，第二段可描写作者把打印机放在办公室作为纪念品，不断激励自己，就像母亲一样，要勇往直前。 2.续写线索：母亲辞去工作——母亲找到工作——母亲学到很多——作者找到工作——将打字机放在办公室——当做纪念品——决定向母亲一样勇往直前 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①考虑：think about/consider ②前行：go ahead /move ahead ③同意：agree/approve 情绪类 ①痛苦的：painful/miserable ②抱歉的：sorry/pitiful 【点睛】[高分句型1]. I have to believe that in some strange way she learned as much from her moment of defeat as I did, because several years later, when I had finished college and proudly accepted a job as a newspaper reporter, she had already been a journalist with our hometown paper for six months.(由that引导的宾语从句，because引导的原因状语从句) [高分句型2]. It is a souvenir, but what it recalls for me is not quite what it recalled for Mother.(what引导的主语从句和表语从句) 1—5 CABAC 6—10 BBAAC 11—15 AABAB 16—20 CBACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 乐山一中高2025届高三(上)10月月考英语测试卷 (本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What’s probably the woman’s job? A. A hotel receptionist. B. A librarian. C. A customs officer. 2. Why does the woman make the call? A. To make an application. B. To give information. C. To answer a question. 3. How does Linda feel? A. Confused. B. Surprised. C. Shocked. 4. What makes Jim hurry? A. Attending a lecture. B. Doing business. C. Meeting assistants. 5. Which does the man prefer? A. Beef stew. B. Fried eggs. C. Fish soup. 第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman dislike? A. Playing football. B. Watching football. C. Going skating. 7. How often does the man skate? A. Never. B. Occasionally. C. Regularly. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a hotel. C. At home. 9. What seems to be the problem for the woman? A. She was overcharged. B. She got the wrong food. C. She lost the bill. 10. How is the man’s service? A. Disappointing. B. Annoying. C. Satisfying. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What’s the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 12. How is the man’s way of describing the math problem? A. Amusing. B. Simple. C. Complicated. 13. What does Mr. Williams teach? A. Maths. B. History. C. English. 听第9段材料，回答第 14至17题。 14. What’s the woman doing? A. Hosting a program. B. Organizing a meeting. C. Treating a guest. 15. What makes the man’s tea different? A. Being blended. B. Being pure. C. Being processed. 16. Why does the company buy their tea directly from the growers? A. To reduce the price. B. To guide the growers. C. To track the growing process. 17 What will the man talk about in the end? A. The source of their tea. B. The kinds of their tea. C. The characteristics of their tea. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. A tradition. B. A performance. C. China town. 19. Who will make speeches in the gathering? A. Railroad workers. B. Entertainers. C. Government officials. 20. What will people do after the afternoon performance? A. Buy clothes. B. Have dinner. C. Visit the museum. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A King’s College London Volunteering is seeking for paid members to sit on the Student Advisory Board for Volunteering. The Board plays a significant role in influencing the development and delivery of the volunteering service. Its aim is to discover volunteering opportunities for students, teachers and other staff at school. Volunteering, which has the potential to create positive social impact, is a key priority for King’s. The Board will ensure that students’ needs are at the core of the service so that all King’s students can make a difference. This year, the Student Advisory Board for Volunteering will co-create the agenda, and potential issues include: ·Volunteering opportunities for the disabled. ·Promotion of the Board’s service. ·How to recognize and reward volunteers. ·Evaluation (评估) of the Board’s work. This is a unique and exciting opportunity accessible to all studying at King’s, regardless of the volunteer experiences. The Board will be run both online and in-person, and the Board’s members will be paid the London Living Wage (£11.95 per hour) via King’s Talent Bank. The application deadline is 23:59 on Saturday, 31st August 2024. Apply via the form below, using your King’s email address. 1. What does the Board aim to do for those at King’s? A. Perform voluntary work. B. Meet their academic needs. C. Provide learning opportunities. D. Discover volunteering chances. 2. Which of the following is a possible topic for this year’s agenda? A. Running the Board online. B. Training voluntary workers. C. Evaluating the Board’s performance. D. Taking care of people with disabilities. 3. Who can apply to be a member of the Board at King’s? A. The students. B. The teachers. C. The graduates. D. The working staff. B Raised in a fatherless home, my father was extremely tightfisted towards us children. His attitude didn’t soften as I grew into adulthood and drifted away to college. I had to ride the bus whenever I came home. Though the bus stopped about two miles from home, Dad never met me, even in cold weather. If I grumbled (嘟囔), he’d say in his loudest father voice, “That’s what your legs are for!” The walk didn’t bother me as much as the fear of walking alone along the highway and country roads. I also felt less than valued that my father didn’t seem concerned about my safety. That feeling was canceled one spring evening. It had been a particularly difficult week at college after long hours in labs. I longed for home. When the bus reached a stop, I stepped off and dragged my suitcase to begin the long journey home. A row of hedge (篱笆) edged the driveway that climbed the hill to our house. Once I had turned off the highway to start the last lap of my journey, I was always relieved to see the hedge because it meant that I was almost home. On that particular evening, the hedge had just come into view when I saw something gray moving along the top of the hedge, moving toward the house. Upon closer observation, I realized it was the top of my father’s head. Then I knew, each time I’d come home, he had stood behind the hedge, watching, until he knew I had arrived safely. I swallowed hard against the threatening tears. He did care, after all. On later visits, that spot of gray became my watchtower. I could hardly wait until I was close enough to watch for its secret movement above the greenery. Upon reaching home, I would find my father sitting innocently in his chair. “So! My son, it’s you!” he’d say, his face lengthening into pretended surprise. I replied, “Yes, Dad, it’s me. I’m home.” 4. What did the author think of the two-mile walk home? A. It reflected his value. B. It was the most troublesome. C. It wasn’t ranked number one in his concerns. D. It was extremely unbearable in cold weathers. 5. How did the author feel when he saw the hedge? A. Disappointed. B. Hopeful. C. Frustrated. D. Regretful. 6. Why did the author’s father watch behind the hedge? A. The author often changed routes back home. B. He wanted to help the author build up courage. C. He was really concerned about his son’s safety. D. That was the only way he could express his love. 7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Father’s Secret. B. My Childhood Life. C. Terrible Journey Home. D. Riding Bus Alone. C In the Roman times and throughout the Middle Ages, salt was a valuable commodity (商品), and also served as “white gold”. Soldiers in the Roman army were sometimes paid with salt instead of money. Their monthly allowance was called “salarium” (“sal” being the Latin word for salt). This Latin root can be recognized in the French word “salaire” and it eventually made it into English as the word “salary”. Language is something we take for granted. However, as the example with the word “salary” shows, languages are not static. Like biological species, languages change over time, and sometimes develop to give rise to several descendant (后代) languages. For example, French, Italian, and Spanish are among the languages that have evolved from Latin. And like species, languages can go extinct, too. Given all these similarities, linguists (语言学家) who study the evolution of languages often use tools that are similar to those used by evolutionary biologists. One such tool is the reconstruction of a species tree. Such a tree shows the evolutionary history and relationships within a given group of biological species. Using a reconstructed species tree, evolutionary biologists can often infer specific characteristics of ancestral species. Or they can match up common ancestors in the tree with actual fossils that have been found by paleontologists (古生物学家). This allows them to put real dates at various branching points in the tree. Thus, species tree reconstruction is an essential tool in studying biological evolution. A similar technique can be used to study language evolution because languages also evolve and consist of words that can be easily compared. Indeed, linguists have reconstructed entire language trees. And as with species trees, characteristics of ancient ancestral languages can be derived (衍生) from them. Of course, there also are some differences between species evolution and language evolution, each requiring unique additional methods to study them in detail. But, overall, it is fascinating to see how the basic ideas and research tools of language evolution are similar to those of biological evolution. 8. Why does the author mention the word “salary” in paragraph 1? A. To illustrate the evolution of language. B. To present the effect of Latin on languages. C. To stress the value of salt in ancient times. D To show developments in linguistic theory. 9. What can we infer from paragraph 2? A. Cultural diversity and biodiversity are linked. B. Species and languages have a lot in common. C. Human-caused mass extinction is accelerating. D. Languages influence and learn from each other. 10. What can we know about the reconstructed species tree? A. It is currently in the design stage. B. It facilitates the research of linguists. C. It can be used in a variety of ways. D. It is the first choice for biologists. 11. What can be the best title for the text? A. The Language System Evolved Over Time B. The Twin Extinctions of Species and Languages C. Salt Played a Crucial Role in Early Human History D. From Salt to Salary: Linguists Take a Page from Biology D About ten years ago, logging into Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram would mostly show posts from friends and family in the order they were posted. Today, these platforms present a mix of content, tailored by algorithms (算法) to match users’ interests, whether it’s plants, sports, cats, or politics. Kyle Chayka, a writer for The New Yorker, discusses this topic in his book, Filterworld. He explains that algorithms analyze user data to predict and influence what they will likely engage with. This means that instead of a simple, chronological feed, users encounter a dynamic stream, constantly adapting to their preferences. Chayka examines how these algorithmic recommendations control what we consume, from music and movies to food and travel destinations. He argues that this machine-driven selection process has turned us into passive consumers, making our preferences and tastes more similar. Chayka points out that algorithms make us passive by always showing us content that we’re unlikely to click away from but won’t find too unexpected or challenging. This constant stream of recommendations reduces our exposure to diverse or challenging content, subtly shaping our preferences and behaviors. Moreover, Chayka points out that algorithms also pressure content creators, like musicians and artists, to tailor their work to fit these digital platforms. For instance, musicians on Spotify or TikTok might focus on creating catchy hooks at the beginning of their songs to grab the listener’s attention. Despite the strong presence of these algorithms, Chayka believes that regulation could reduce their influence. He suggests that if Meta, the parent company of Facebook, were required to separate its various services, like Instagram or WhatsApp, and make them compete with each other, it could give users more control and choice over their digital consumption. In summary, the change from simple, time-ordered social. media posts to algorithm-driven content has a big impact on both the viewers and the creators, influencing what we see, hear, and even think. Chayka’s insights highlight the need for greater awareness and potentially more regulation in our increasingly digital world. 12. According to the text, how have social media platforms changed in the past ten years? A. They show posts in a time-based order. B. They prioritize posts from friends and family. C. They make adjustments to satisfy users’ needs. D. They provide more content to meet different needs. 13. What does Kyle Chayka think of algorithmic recommendations? A. They make users more active consumers. B. They shape users’ preferences and behaviors. C. They reduce the influence of content creators. D. They expose users to diverse and challenging content. 14. How do algorithms influence musicians’ work on digital platforms? A. By encouraging musicians to create longer songs. B. By discouraging musicians from using catchy hooks. C. By giving musicians more control and choice over their music. D. By requiring musicians to create their work to fit the platforms. 15. What can be concluded from the text? A. Tech companies should have more departments. B. Social media algorithms give content creators less opportunities. C. Social media algorithms flatten our culture by making decisions for us. D. Network platforms have increased the common recommendations for 10 years. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 To make science’s stories more concrete and engaging, it’s important to use some effective strategies. Here are four of them. Put people in the story Science’s stories often lack human characters. ___16___. Characters can be also people affected by a scientific topic, or interested in learning more about it. Besides, they can be storytellers who are sharing their personal experiences. ___17___ People often think of science as objective and fair. But science is actually a human practice that continuously involves choices, missteps and biases (偏见) . If you explain science as a course, you can walk people through the sequence of how science is done and why researchers reach certain conclusions. ___18___. And they can also stress the reason why people should trust the course of science to provide the most accurate conclusions possible given the available information. Include what people care about Scientific topics are important but they may not always be the public’s most pressing concerns. In April 2024, a polling company found that “the quality of the environment” was one of the lowest-ranked priorities among people in the US. The stories about the environment could weave in connections to higher-priority topics. ___19___. Tell science's stories Scientists, of course, can be science communicators, but everyone can tell science’s stories. When we share information online about health, or talk to friends and family about the weather, we contribute to information that circulates about science topics. ___20___. Think about all of a story’s characteristics — character, action, sequence, scope, storyteller and content - and how you might incorporate them into the topic. A. Explain science as a process B. Shoot attractive short science videos C. Scientists themselves can actually become ideal ones D. This practice is to stress why the content is important E. You can tell growth stories of remarkable teenage scientists F. Science communicators can emphasize how science is conducted G. You may as well borrow features from stories to strengthen your message 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was waiting in line at the gas bar when two small white cars drove in out of nowhere and ___21___ right in front of me. I wish I could calmly ___22___ this new situation, but I can’t. I was overcome with anger. I got my tank filled up and drove ___23___ to a snack bar to grab a burger. As I sat in my car ___24___ an above-average tasty lunch, I was still angry about the gas pump fiends (魔鬼). Suddenly I remembered something. I was in line at a grocery checkout and my items had been rung up ___25___ I discovered I had left my card in my car. I apologized and the cashier suggested I go get the card and come back. When I made it through the ___26___ to her again, she told me my $14 or so in ___27___ had already been paid for. A young man, who had a young boy with him, seeing my ___28___, offered to pay for my stuff. I went into the parking lot to see if I could find my ___29___. I couldn’t. But as I was about to get into my car, another car ____30____ beside mine and a young man with a boy got out. “I heard you were looking for me,” he smiled. “I paid your bill.” I thanked him greatly and apologized for not having any cash on me. ____31____, my young friend, who had a car older and more ____32____ than mine, said he didn’t want to be paid back. He was just glad to help out. He more than ____33____ the two friends at the gas bar. And I am glad I have my ____34____ of him and what he ____35____ did to counteract my anger. 21. A. broke B. exploded C. joined D. cut 22. A. cancel B. accept C. reject D. track 23. A. at random B. in particular C. straight D. slow 24. A. consuming B. enjoying C. buying D. making 25. A. until B. unless C. before D. when 26 A. car B. line C. gas bar D. parking lot 27. A. purchase B. reality C. order D. place 28. A. sorrow B. patience C. panic D. curiosity 29. A. burger B. fiend C. cashier D. donor 30. A. pulled up B. passed by C. drove away D. pulled out 31. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Instead 32. A. expensive B. insignificant C. worn-out D. good-looking 33. A. met with B. made up for C. picked out D. fit in with 34. A. memory B. admiration C. apology D. experiment 35. A. occasionally B. desperately C. purposely D. selflessly 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Duan inkstone,___36___(originate) in the Tang Dynasty, is one of the four most famous inkstones in China. This writing tool is named ___37___ its birthplace, Duan Creek in Zhaoqing City, Guangdong Province. For centuries, it has been the ___38___(center) region for Duan inkstone production and even today, most of the villagers still earn their living by making inkstones. The stones ___39___(employ) for Duan inkstone are characterized by its fine texture, smooth surface, and rich coloration (天然色彩). The natural coloration gives each piece a distinctive ___40___(appear) that enhances its beauty and value. The procedure to make a Duan Inkstone includes four steps: stone picking, selection, carving and box matching, among ___41___ stone picking and carving are the two most important steps. It is very hard to hand- pick the stones with no flaw, and other alternative tools such as dynamite (炸药)___42___(forbid). Carving stresses good concept, fine shape of the stones ___43___ exceptional skills. In addition to natural designs, there are also flowers and birds, figures, mountains and waters carved on the stones. Throughout history Duan inkstone has been ___44___(particular) favored by scholars, poets, and artists, who kept it as a symbol of their status and appreciation for the arts. Today, it continues to hold ___45___ unique place in the hearts of calligraphers and collectors. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，一个月前你给校英文报专栏Interpersonal Relationships投稿，但尚未收到回复。请你写一封邮件问询，内容包括： 1.简述稿件内容； 2.询问稿件情况。 注意: 1.写作词敷应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在各题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Editor, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Some years before, when we moved to town, Mother had decided to start a day nursery. She had no training, but that didn’t stand in her way. Through correspondence courses(函授课程)in child care, she qualified herself for the task. Soon she had a full enrollment(招生)and a waiting list. But neither the nursery nor the motel my parents bought later had provided enough income to send my sister and me to college. A few months after we had sold the motel, Mother arrived home with a used typewriter. From that day on, as soon as the table was cleared and the dishes were done, Mother would disappear into her sewing room to practice. The slow tap, tap, tap went on some nights until midnight. It was nearly Christmas when I heard Mother got a job at the radio station. I was not the least bit surprised, or impressed. But she was extremely happy. Monday, after her first day at work, I could see that the excitement was gone. Mother looked tired and upset. I responded by ignoring her. Sitting beside her on the couch, I began very slowly to understand. I could sense her pain and the tension of holding back the strong emotions that were interrupted by my arrival. Suddenly, something inside me turned. I reached out and put my arms around her. She broke then. She put her face against my shoulder and sobbed. I understood for the first time her vulnerability(脆弱). A week later Mother took a new job selling dry goods at half the salary the radio station had offered. “It’s a job I can do,” she said simply. But the evening practice sessions on the old green typewriter continued. I had a very different feeling now when I passed her door at night and heard her tapping away. I knew there was something more going on in there than a woman learning to type. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Two years later, I left for college and Mother decided to quit her old job. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The old green typewriter sits in my office now, unrepaired. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1—5 CABAC 6—10 BBAAC 11—15 AABAB 16—20 CBACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$