课时作业9 阅读理解 词句猜测题(2)（word练习）-【创新教程】2025年高考英语大二轮专题增分方案

课时作业9　词句猜测题(2)　 (限时：30分钟) A (记叙文) (2024·河南信阳市高三二模) Anna Steed doesn't look much older than her students, but she is a practitioner of behavioral and motivational science, a shoulder to cry on, and the high school debate coach.Her class, which began as an elective class to give students exposure to skills that prepare them for college, has become the class on campus that creates winners. Speech and debate test the teenage character perhaps more than any other activity.The shy and the unsure often have no desire to look up from their screens and engage in the oldest human interaction: persuasive oral arguments.It's dreadful territory for the average teenager.Research, writing, delivering a speech in front of your peers—it all sounds like the kind of class students would be most likely to skip.But Anna draws them in. Classroom 161 is always full.Anna's debate teams have a case full of medals; most importantly, they have gone on to become leaders of their communities and examples to their families. “This activity has changed my life.Just building connections with people I never, ever imagined building connections with，” relates Alexander Hernandez Gonzalez.Alexander suffered from social anxiety throughout his childhood.Then he discovered debate as a freshman, and it changed his life. What drives young people to stand up and passionately deliver a speech in front of a crowd full of strangers, a panel of judges and opposing teams from more privileged high schools? The person who will always have their back: Anna Steed. “I want them to just have the memory of making it through, succeeding in a place like that and expressing a story that leaves 　that_place_　better，” Anna says. That better place begins in room 161 when unsure and nervous students enter for the first time.After setbacks and adjustments, a lot of hugs, encouragement, and hours of late­night study and practice, they roll out a few years later with their shoulders back and a full tank of confidence, ready to take on the next stage of life. 1．What is Paragraph 2 of the text mainly about? A．The challenging nature of debate. B．The value of being a debate teacher. C．The influence of debate on teenagers. D．The difficulties of winning awards in debate. 2．What do the underlined words “that place” in Paragraph 6 refer to? A．Anna's class. B．The privileged classroom. C．Unfamiliar territory. D．The next stage of life. 3．Which of the following can best describe Anna Steed? A．Devoted and generous. B．Hard­working and honest. C．Courageous and tolerant. D．Impactful and supportive. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Anna Steed，一位高中辩论教练，她的辩论课很受欢迎，已经成为校园里培养赢家的课程，激励和改变了很多青少年的生活。 1．A　[段落大意题。根据第二段“Speech and debate test the teenage character perhaps more than any other activity.The shy and the unsure often have no desire to look up from their screens and engage in the oldest human interaction: persuasive oral arguments.It's dreadful territory for the average teenager.Research, writing, delivering a speech in front of your peers ­­it all sounds like the kind of class students would be most likely to skip.”可知，本段讲述了演讲和辩论对于青少年最具挑战性，是青少年最不喜欢的课程，所以本段主要讲述的是辩论的挑战性。] 2．A　[词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“Her class, which began as an elective class to give students exposure to skills that prepare them for college, has become the class on campus that creates winners.”和倒数第二“‘I want them to just have the memory of making it through, succeeding in a place like that and expressing a story that leaves 　that_place_　better’，Anna says.”由此可推断划线词　that_place　指的是Anna上辩论课的地方。] 3．D　[推理判断题。根据第三段“Classroom 161 is always full.Anna's debate teams have a case full of medals; most importantly, they have gone on to become leaders of their communities and examples to their families.”可推断，Anna是有影响力的；再根据第五段“What drives young people to stand up and passionately deliver a speech in front of a crowd full of strangers, a panel of judges and opposing teams from more privileged high schools? The person who will always have their back: Anna Steed.”可推断，Anna是支持她的学生的。] B(记叙文) (2024·河北唐山市高三二模) In the summer of 2020, a wildfire caused by lightning tore through 43,000 acres of Cima Dome in the Mojave National Preserve in California, which is home to the world's largest Joshua tree forest, and destroyed 1.3 million Joshua trees—that's about a quarter of the trees.Repairing the forest would not be easy.But a special solution was adopted: using camels to help restore the unique desert trees. During the ice age, giant sloths (巨型树懒) used to feed on the trees and this helped spread the seeds.But these sloths are extinct and now small mammals (哺乳动物) that are less effective have taken up 　the_role　.“Joshua tree seeds don't spread very quickly，” said Debra Hughson, who worked at the Mojave National Preserve.“They don't move very fast or they don't move very far with just small mammals around.” The plan was to restore the Cima Dome area first because its higher elevation allows the trees to survive the effects of climate change.Hughson and her professional volunteer team began to plant seedlings (幼苗) in the burned area.However, what had been considered effective in theory didn't really work.The area is a wilderness and even the hike to it takes several hours. That's where Herbie, Sully and Chico came to the rescue. The idea of using the three camels came from Nance Fite, a 70­year­old volunteer at the reserve.When she heard about the restoration project, she made efforts to convince the Park Service to let the camels help.She also eventually persuaded her friend, Jennifer Lagusker, who owns the camels to bring them to the reserve.The three camels have been helping in the restoration process since 2021 and around 3,500 young Joshua trees have been planted.The camels helped to carry water and the seedlings on the long trips through the desert reserve. After this work is finished, the Park Service will focus on a different area that was destroyed by the wildfire.The camels will be ready to help out wherever they are needed. 4．What happened to the Mojave National Preserve in 2020? A．Joshua trees in this area went extinct. B．Lightning caused damage to its camels. C．A wildfire swept across the whole reserve. D．Its desert trees encountered a natural disaster. 5．What do the underlined words “the role” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Spreading the seeds. B．Restoring the trees. C．Helping giant sloths. D．Working for a reserve. 6．Why did the volunteer team's first attempt turn out ineffective? A．Hiking was legally forbidden in the wilderness. B．They had trouble traveling to the Cima Dome area. C．Few people in the team were willing to plant seedlings. D．The trees couldn't survive the effects of climate change. 7．What can we learn from the text? A．The idea of using camels was initially adopted easily. B．The Park Service is satisfied with the camels' work. C．Nance Fite is responsible for raising the three camels. D．The restoration project has been followed in many areas. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了2020年夏天，一场由闪电引起的野火烧毁了加利福尼亚州莫哈韦国家保护区的130万棵约书亚树。修复这片约书亚树森林并非易事。保护区的工作人员采用了一个特别的解决方案——用骆驼来帮助恢复独特的沙漠树木。 4．D　[细节理解题。根据第一段“In the summer of 2020, a wildfire caused by lightning tore through 43,000 acres of Cima Dome in the Mojave National Preserve in California, which is home to the world's largest Joshua tree forest, and destroyed 1.3 million Joshua trees—that's about a quarter of the trees.”可知，2020年莫哈韦国家保护区发生的事情是它的沙漠树木遭遇了自然灾害。] 5．A　[词义猜测题。根据划线词的上文“During the ice age, giant sloths (巨型树懒) used to feed on the trees and this helped spread the seeds.But these sloths are extinct”可知，划线词指代“传播种子”。] 6．B　[细节理解题。根据第三段“However, what had been considered effective in theory didn't really work.The area is a wilderness and even the hike to it takes several hours.”可知，他们第一次尝试效果不佳的原因是他们很难抵达这片被烧毁的地区。] 7．B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“After this work is finished, the Park Service will focus on a different area that was destroyed by the wildfire.The camels will be ready to help out wherever they are needed.”可知，公园管理局会继续让骆驼提供帮助，说明公园管理局对骆驼提供的帮助很满意。] C(说明文) (2024·福建省莆田高三联考) There are many ecosystems that are truly suffering from damage.One of the solutions to the problem is that they can be restored (修复) by reintroducing some animal species.A study shows if you introduce right large mammals (哺乳动物), you can successfully restore a lot of the planet. Some roles that species play in the environment are extremely important, so the loss of any of these can break the ecological balance.So on the other hand, it means that reintroducing a species can produce positive results.When a few wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone Park, it became one of the most successful examples to prove the reintroduced species did help restore the ecosystem.Dr.Carly, a scientist, along with her team, was able to identify 20 kinds of mammals that could help restore a lot of what we've destroyed in nature if reintroduced.The species benefit the nature in different ways like helping renew soil and grass. The team compared environments of 500 years ago with conditions of modern environments.And they figured out that only 16% of the world still has undamaged wild mammals communities, and just 6% looks similar to what it looked like before 1,500.They believed that undamaged mammals communities can easily be 　swollen　 through reintroduction program, especially in South America and northern areas of Africa. In Europe, reintroducing wolf, bison, and reindeer could really make a great impact.However, just wolves and wild horses could make a difference to Asia.“Our recommendations may not be suitable everywhere in the world—local assessments (评估) must be made to decide whether to start a reintroduction program or not.If hunting pressures within different species, shortage of food are still problems, they need solving first.However, our findings show there are huge areas of the world that could be suitable for large mammal restoration if other problems are managed，” said Dr.Carly. 8．What role did the wolves play in Yellowstone Park? A．Attracting some other animal species. B．Keeping the balance of the ecosystem. C．Creating better soil for other animals. D．Preventing more visits to the park. 9．What does the underlined word “swollen” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Planned. B．Cut. C．Controlled. D．Increased. 10．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．The more species reintroduced, the better for the local area. B．It is almost impossible for the damaged nature to be restored. C．Reintroducing species must be based on the local conditions. D．Providing enough food for reintroduced species is a challenge. 11．In which part of a website may the text appear? A．Environment. B．Culture. C．Health. D．History. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了物种在环境中扮演的某些角色是极其重要的，因此任何一种角色的丧失都可能破坏生态平衡。一项研究表明，如果引入合适的大型哺乳动物， 可以成功地修复地球上的很多地方。 8．B　[细节理解题。文章第二段讲到“Some roles that species play in the environment are extremely important, so the loss of any of these can break the ecological balance.”以及“When a few wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone Park, it became one of the most successful examples to prove the reintroduced species did help restore the ecosystem.”可知，狼在黄石公园扮演的角色是保持生态平衡。] 9．D　[词义猜测题。根据划线单词后一句“through reintroduction program.”可知，野生哺乳动物群落有了极大的增长，可推知划线单词所在句子的意思是：他们认为，通过重新引入计划，未受损的哺乳动物群落很容易膨胀，特别是在南美洲和非洲北部地区。因此第三段中划线单词的意思是“增加”。] 10．C　[段落大意题。最后一段讲到“Our recommendations may not be suitable everywhere in the world—local assessments (评估) must be made to decide whether to start a reintroduction program or not.If hunting pressures within different species, shortage of food are still problems”可知，最后一段的主要思想是再引种必须以当地条件为基础。] 11．A　[文章出处题。文章主要介绍了物种在环境中扮演的某些角色是极其重要的，因此任何一种角色的丧失都可能破坏生态平衡。一项研究表明，如果引入合适的大型哺乳动物， 可以成功地修复地球上的很多地方。又根据第一段“There are many ecosystems that are truly suffering from damage.”可知，文本可能出现在网站的环境部分。] D(议论文) (2024·江苏南京市六校联合体高三调研) In most cases, people pick the easiest way out: the path of least resistance.Yet, it is the hard choice—the path of most resistance­­that is more beneficial and provides most success in the long run.How do these paths differ? What are the dangers of an easy life? What are the rewards for a hard life? How do you start taking the path of most resistance? Taking the path of least resistance means choosing the easiest available option, with little regard for its long­term consequences.For example, you eat whatever you like, whenever you like, and in whatever amount you like.It may feel nice at first but all of them have a very steep price.In that case, it's guaranteed obesity.Most people in modern world follow this path and this is why so many people struggle with a lack of self­discipline, good habits, etc. The path of most resistance is about choosing the option that will lead to more personal growth, even if 　it　 means suffering in the early stage of the process.For example, it may cost you a lot to quit watching TV for hours on end.But over the long term, you'll free up a lot of time that will lead to a more satisfying life than that of a couch potato.At first sight, this approach is unappealing.It requires effort and loss of pleasure, and leads to potential suffering.Yet, on the other side of all that lies a world of more confidence, self­discipline and mental resilience(恢复力)．In the end, they more than make up for the fleeting superficial pleasures. We're lazy by nature.Some may point out that it was because of this tendency that we now enjoy so many wonders of technology that people in the past would kill to have.But ask the same individuals praising laziness if they would be happy living a life where everything is given to them the moment they think about it.They would have zero hardships, no objective in life and no obstacle to overcome and no wise human would want such an existence. 12．How does the author show the dangers of choosing the easy path? A．By giving examples. B．By listing data. C．By making a comparison. D．By asking questions. 13．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Watching TV for hours. B．Having many life struggles. C．Getting superficial pleasures. D．Choosing the path of most resistance. 14．Which of the following would the author agree with? A．Life is to be enjoyed, not endured. B．Set your life goals as early as possible. C．There should be some challenges in life. D．Good habits provide short­term pleasures. 15．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To tell us humans are lazy by nature. B．To show the common lifestyles of young people. C．To prove it's laziness that leads to wonders. D．To persuade us to challenge ourselves. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人们要多多挑战自我，不要躺平在舒适区贪图享乐。 12．A　[写作手法题。根据第二段第二句“For example, you eat whatever you like, whenever you like, and in whatever amount you like.It may feel nice at first but all of them have a very steep price.In that case, it's guaranteed obesity.”可知，作者是通过不控制饮食随心所欲吃东西带来的“肥胖”的后果来举例说明选择更好走的一条路的危险。] 13．D　[代词指代题。根据第三段第一句“The path of most resistance is about choosing the option that will lead to more personal growth”下句为此句的转折，但讲的还是同一件事，可知it代指的就是第一句中的“choosing the option that will lead to more personal growth”也就是选项中的“choosing the path of most resistance.”] 14．C　[细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“They would have zero hardships, no objective in life and no obstacle to overcome and no wise human would want such an existence.”总结全文可以发现，作者的核心观点就是不要贪图享乐，要走出舒适区，给自己一些挑战，人才能真正得到提升，得到真正的快乐。] 15．D　[推理判断题。总结全文可以发现作者想要做的就是鼓励人们给自己一些挑战，不要满足于科技带来的舒适，只顾短期的快乐。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$