课时作业4 阅读理解 推理判断题(2)（word练习）-【创新教程】2025年高考英语大二轮专题增分方案

　课时作业4　推理判断题(2)　 (限时：30分钟) A (记叙文) (2024·河北省保定市九校高三二模) Since Cynthia Florio was a lifeguard at Tobay Beach in the 1990s, she has watched the ocean approach the shore and draw closer to the dunes (沙丘)．It's what forced Florio, 53, of Massapequa, to take part in the Town of Oyster Bay's annual dune grass planting event on March 30 — an effort to help stabilize the beach dunes against shoreline erosion (侵蚀)． Along with other volunteers, Florio had spent hours with her daughter, Kyra Florio­Marinello, 15, and her daughter's friend Tatum Brennan, 15, planting the native plants that were intended to absorb water and prepare the sand against heavy wind.But four days later, a storm on Wednesday hit Long Island and washed the new plants away.“The latest dune planting event drew more than 150 volunteers who planted a lot across 2.7 acres of Atlantic Ocean sand dunes，” said Marta Kane, an Oyster Bay spokeswoman.“The dune grass cost the town $32,000.” The event, centered on volunteerism, drew some families whose elders were looking to share a message with a younger generation about the importance of protecting the environment.While the outcome resulted in a wave of disappointment, for some volunteers that was coupled with a sense of renewed motivation.Maria Rizzi, 70, of Massapequa, participated in the planting session with her grandson, Andrew Lepsis, 10.She said she would go back for another event with even more family members.“I'd be willing to do it again，” she said.“I'd even talk the older grand kids into coming.” While the storm swept the new plants away, Florio said Tobay Beach's appearance aftermath serves as a powerful reminder of the need for more volunteer work on that stretch of sand.“Maybe it will inspire more people to volunteer and understand the need for us to protect our beaches，” Florio said. 1．Which can best describe the dune grass planting event? A．Popular but costly. B．Traditional but complex. C．Creative and economical. D．Successful and rewarding. 2．How did Maria Rizzi feel about grass planting? A．Interesting. B．Disappointed. C．Hopeless. D．Motivated. 3．What can be the best title for the text? A．Great Grass Planting B．The Best of the Storm C．Spirit Never Washed Away D．Volunteers Making History Together [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了为了防止海滩沙丘被海岸线侵蚀，Oyster Bay的志愿者开展了沙丘植草活动。虽然种植的植物在暴风雨中被摧毁，但志愿者们的意志未被摧毁，他们准备再次尝试。 1．A　[推理判断题。根据第二段中“‘The latest dune planting event drew more than 150 volunteers who planted a lot across 2.7 acres of Atlantic Ocean sand dunes，’ said Marta Kane, an Oyster Bay spokeswoman.‘The dune grass cost the town $32,000.’”对参加该活动的人数和其花费可知，沙丘植草活动受到大家的欢迎和支持，但有点费钱。] 2．D　[推理判断题。根据第三段中“She said she would go back for another event with even more family members.‘I'd be willing to do it again，’ she said.‘I'd even talk the older grand kids into coming.’”可知，Maria Rizzi对沙丘植草活动充满希望，积极性很高。] 3．C　[标题归纳题。根据全文内容，结合第三段中“While the outcome resulted in a wave of disappointment, for some volunteers that was coupled with a sense of renewed motivation.”可知，为了防止海滩沙丘被海岸线侵蚀，Oyster Bay的志愿者开展了沙丘植草活动。虽然种植的植物在暴风雨中被摧毁，但志愿者们的意志未被摧毁，他们准备再次尝试。C项“从未被冲走的精神”为最佳标题。] B(说明文) (2024·河北秦皇岛市部分高中高三二模) In a world driven by technological advancements, event professionals are accepting the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to push the boundaries of what is possible in the area of event planning and execution (执行)．From attracting designs and personalized experiences to streamlined operations and data­driven insights, AI is emerging as a transformative force，allowing event organizers to create extraordinary moments that leave attendees impressive. I didn't write the introduction paragraph，Chat GPT did, in response to the request: Can you help me write an introduction to an article that features different ways professionals use AI for events? If you're using a generative AI tool to help you write session descriptions, marketing messages, or social­media posts, you may recognize that distinctive over­the­top tone. But the hype (炒作) about AI itself is not overblown: McKinsey Company's recent The Economic Potential of Generative AI report estimates that generative AI has the potential to generate $2.6 trillion to $4.4 trillion in value across industries. We could cite all kinds of statistics about generative AI's impact on knowledge work，explore its 　gloomy　 side, like the ethical (道德的) influences of the technology on society, or go the other way and publish mind­blowing predictions of its future use.We chose instead to focus on how the tool is being used by event professionals today in everyday and practical ways. Not all of us are quick to accept AI, but we can't afford to ignore it, either.And when it comes to its potential in the business world, McKinsey Senior Partner Lareina Yee seems to be speaking directly to the heart of our industry, “In general, workers can spend more time on the human connection and interaction aspects of their roles, which is something AI can't take away.” 4．Why is Chat GPT mentioned in Paragraph 2? A．To stress the great function of AI. B．To praise the author's operation ability. C．To prove the difficulty of writing. D．To show the need of a generative AI tool. 5．What does the underlined word “gloomy” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Attractive. B．Promising. C．Single. D．Dark. 6．What does Lareina Yee's statement indicate? A．Human connection is the core of an industry. B．AI needs improving in human potentials. C．AI can't take over humans completely. D．She is unconcerned about AI industry. 7．In which section of a newspaper does the text most probably appear? A．Nature. B．Technology. C．Lifestyle. D．Environment. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能的应用潜力及其不足。 4．A　[推理判断题。根据第二段“I didn't write the introduction paragraph，Chat GPT did, in response to the request: Can you help me write an introduction to an article that features different ways professionals use AI for events? If you're using a generative AI tool to help you write session descriptions, marketing messages, or social­media posts, you may recognize that distinctive over­the­top tone.”可知，本文的首段是由Chat GPT完成，所以本段提到Chat GPT是为了强调人工智能的巨大功能。] 5．D　[词义猜测题。根据后文“like the ethical (道德的) influences of the technology on society”可知，此处的举例是在讲述技术不好的一面，推知gloomy应是“阴暗的”之意，和D项意思相近。] 6．C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“And when it comes to its potential in the business world, McKinsey Senior Partner Lareina Yee seems to be speaking directly to the heart of our industry, ‘In general, workers can spend more time on the human connection and interaction aspects of their roles, which is something AI can't take away.’”可知，Lareina Yee的陈述说明，人工智能不能完全取代人类。] 7．B　[推理判断题。根据第一段“In a world driven by technological advancements, event professionals are accepting the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to push the boundaries of what is possible in the area of event planning and execution (执行)．From attracting designs and personalized experiences to streamlined operations and data­driven insights, AI is emerging as a transformative force, letting event organizers to create extraordinary moments that leave attendees impressive.”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了人工智能的应用潜力及其不足，所以应是来自报纸的科技板块。] C(说明文) (2024·湖北武昌区高三下5预测) Aviation is a big polluter.Cutting the sector's impact on global warming is high on the agenda.Although many governments are regulating emissions from cars and trucks, air transportation is technologically rooted in old patterns. Facing the reality that the sector will keep emitting a lot, ICAO has established an international carbon­trading plan—Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation, or CORSIA.This encourages wide use of offsets (抵消): aviation companies can buy emissions credits or invest in sectors that store carbon, such as forestry, to allow them to carry on as normal.CORSIA aims to keep CO2 emissions at 2019 levels through such purchases for emissions over that year's baseline.ICAO predicts that increasing demand might reach 1.7 billion tons by 2035, potentially making aviation the largest offset market in the world. Yet offsetting faces a fundamental challenge: the size of the offset requires estimating flows of warming pollution that would have occurred if the carbon­removal project hadn't existed, and comparing them against flows with the project in place.The former — a baseline that is unobservable — is a hotbed for shady accounting. The vast majority of offsets today and in the expected future come from forest­protection and regrowth projects.The track record of reliable accounting in these industries is poor, because they lack convincing baselines.Even with oversight, forest projects are often troubled by wild assumptions, for example that trees would disappear completely from these areas in the absence of those projects, even when there are other forest protections in place.Such assumptions drive up baselines and flood the market with huge volumes of offsets.They make it easier for accountants to claim a net reduction in emissions even though the atmosphere sees little or no benefit.These problems are essentially unfixable.Evidence is mounting that offsetting as a strategy for reaching net zero is a dead end. In our view, this approach could prove dangerously narrow.Removing aviation's impact on global warming means upending the industry.The longer that reality is overlooked, the harder it will be to find effective solutions. 8．What does aviation refer to in the passage? A．A project which needs revising. B．A resource which needs trading. C．A market which needs expanding. D．An industry which needs reforming. 9．Why should aviation companies buy emissions credits? A．To support the development of forestry. B．To earn the largest profit in offset market. C．To keep the levels of emission unchanged. D．To make up for emissions over the baseline. 10．What can we infer from Paragraph 4? A．Too many offsets are filling the market now. B．Some projects may cheat to create more offsets. C．Offsetting contributes a lot to reducing emissions. D．Trees would totally disappear without the projects. 11．What is the author's attitude towards the CORSIA? A．Disapproving. B．Confused. C．Favorable. D．Unconcerned. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就航空业对全球变暖的影响以及如何减少这种影响进行了深入讨论，并对当前提出的解决方案进行了评价和分析。 8．D　[推理判断题。根据第一段“Aviation is a big polluter.Cutting the sector's impact on global warming is high on the agenda.Although many governments are regulating emissions from cars and trucks, air transportation is technologically rooted in old patterns.”可知，航空业是污染大户，可推知它是一个需要改革的行业。] 9．D　[细节理解题。根据第二段“Facing the reality that the sector will keep emitting a lot, ICAO has established an international carbon­trading plan—Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation, or CORSIA.This encourages wide use of offsets (抵消): aviation companies can buy emissions credits or invest in sectors that store carbon, such as forestry, to allow them to carry on as normal.CORSIA aims to keep CO2 emissions at 2019 levels through such purchases for emissions over that year's baseline.”可知，航空公司购买排放信用是为了弥补超过基线的排放量。] 10．B　[推理判断题。根据第四段“The vast majority of offsets today ...These problems are essentially unfixable.Evidence is mounting that offsetting as a strategy for reaching net zero is a dead end.”可知，这些行业的可靠会计记录很差，因为它们缺乏令人信服的基准，所以有些项目可能会作弊以产生更多的抵消。] 11．A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“In our view, this approach could prove dangerously narrow.Removing aviation's impact on global warming means upending the industry.The longer that reality is overlooked, the harder it will be to find effective solutions.”可知，作者认为这种做法可能被证明是危险的狭隘，所以作者对于CORSIA的看法是不赞成的。] D(议论文) (2024·江西赣州一模) I dropped “rizz” into a conversation at home as a test to see my son's familiarity with Internet slang.“Don't say that，” he said.“You sound terrible.” In terms of ego, it was a failure.But as a test of generational differences in language use, it was a success. I read in a newspaper that Oxford University Press had chosen “rizz” as the word of 2023.Short for charisma, rizz is defined as “style, charm, or attractiveness”．Internet slang has been confusing and difficult for me to understand.Considering it enjoys great popularity among Gen Z associates, as a Gen X director, should I keep up with the Internet slang and be prepared for it at work? One thing is clear: The attempt to resist is in vain.Internet slang is a product of its time.Technology makes humour more important.Slang, says Erica Dhawan, author of Digital Body Language, “can create closeness with colleagues when body language is no longer the primary communication”． That doesn't mean Gen X leaders should be trying to drop “rizz” into conversation.It is embarrassing.Partly it seems fake, but also because it is hard to keep up with the way language changes if not immersed in it.Tony Thorne, of the Slang and New Language Archive at King's College London, says Gen Z is “heavily influenced by viral trends, it is not strictly only verbal ...it always has one eye on visual metaphors and allusions (影射) too”． Workplace norms evolve.Just five years ago senior leaders were complaining about headphones in the office, Dhawan points out.“Now they're normal.” So too with language.Slang slips into common usage quickly.Oxford University Press's past years words include “vax”， “toxic” and “climate emergency”， all of which seem fairly mainstream now.Who signs their emails with “Yours faithfully”？ Far more common is: “Thanks”， “Kind regards” or “Best wishes”． I still frown when I see signoffs like KR or BW－but give me another year, Thx. 12．What advantage does Internet slang bring to people according to Erica Dhawan? A．Close relationships. B．High working efficiency. C．Personal popularity. D．Good reputation. 13．What should Gen X leaders do with Internet slang? A．Oppose it. B．Keep up with it. C．Let it slide. D．Use it in conversation. 14．What does the author think of senior leaders' acceptance of Internet slang? A．It's hard to tell. B．It's a matter of time. C．It's a piece of cake. D．It's out of the question. 15．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．Where Internet Slang Will Lead the Gen X B．Why Internet Slang Is a Riddle for Bosses C．How Internet Slang Affects Relationship among Colleagues D．What Role the Youth Play in the Development of Language [语篇解读]　 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了对待网络俚语的态度。 12．A　[细节理解题。根据第三段“Slang, says Erica Dhawan, author of Digital Body Language, ‘can create closeness with colleagues when body language is no longer the primary communication’．”可知，Erica Dhawan认为网络俚语给人们带来的好处是亲密的关系。] 13．C　[推理判断题。根据第三段“One thing is clear: The attempt to resist is in vain.”和第四段“That doesn't mean Gen X leaders should be trying to drop ‘rizz’ into conversation.It is embarrassing.Partly it seems fake, but also because it is hard to keep up with the way language changes if not immersed in it.”可知，X一代领导人应该让网络语言自己发展，既不反对它，也不盲目跟从，也不在对话中使用。] 14．B　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Workplace norms evolve.Just five years ago senior leaders were complaining about headphones in the office, Dhawan points out.‘Now they're normal.’So too with language.Slang slips into common usage quickly.”可知，作者认为高层领导对网络俚语的接受只是时间问题。] 15．B　[标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Considering it enjoys great popularity among Gen Z associates, as a Gen X director, should I keep up with the Internet slang and be prepared for it at work？”和倒数第二段“Just five years ago senior leaders were complaining about headphones in the office, Dhawan points out.‘Now they're normal.’”可知，本文主要讲的是高层领导对待网络俚语的态度，突出的是高层领导对网络俚语的看法，因此最恰当的标题是B选项“Why Internet Slang Is a Riddle for Bosses(为什么网络俚语对老板来说是一个谜。)”] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$