课时作业1 阅读理解 细节理解题(1)（word练习）-【创新教程】2025年高考英语大二轮专题增分方案

　　　　　　　　　　课时作业1　细节理解题(1)　 (限时：30分钟) 　A(应用文) (2024·安徽皖江名校联盟高三二模) There's nothing like graduating to make you want a celebratory vacation.So, where should you go once you graduate? Iceland With stunning bays, shooting geysers (间歇喷泉), natural hot springs and the northern lights — Iceland offers an otherworldly reset from your studies.A nature­first vacation, try and dedicate some time beyond the beautiful capital Reykjavik.You'll need a large budget to chase waterfalls, sip pints and toast your graduation in Iceland, but you'll look at the world entirely anew. Florence, Italy Florence offers a decadence (颓废) and youthfulness that is easier to access than in Rome or Naples, and its Renaissance beauty will fill your aching heart if you don't want to leave university or college.Marvel at Botticelli's masterpiece, the Birth of Venus, in the Uffizi and wander the expansive Boboli Gardens.Luxuriate with two­hour dinners on one of their many piazzas, climb to the top of the fabled Duomo to take in the rolling hills in the distance.There is so much to love about Florence, but like most major cities in Italy, it can be expensive, but it's the price you pay to heal your heartache. Greece Few places have the same vacation appeal as Greece.With its hot, sunny climate and brilliant museums, especially the Acropolis Museum, the fantastic restaurants and endless island hopping opportunities, it's hard to have a dull moment.Pro­tip: Don't skip Athens.The birthplace of Western civilization and a paradise for thinkers, artists and scientists, come to see the starting place for man's greatest ideas. Vietnam Affordable, beautiful and warm, a graduation trip to Vietnam gets you out of your comfort zone.Get lost in a sea of mopeds in Hanoi and slurp pho on stools along the sidewalk.Head up to Halong Bay, where you can tour its limestone islands on a junk boat. 1．If we want to enjoy the beautiful northern lights, where should we go? A．Iceland. B．Florence. C．Athens. D．Vietnam. 2．What do Iceland and Florence have in common? A．We can fill our aching heart. B．There are many delicious piazzas. C．Both need a large budget. D．Both have a long and prosperous history. 3．Why should we not skip Athens if we have our vacation in Greece? A．Because we appreciate many masters' artworks. B．Because we can visit many brilliant museums. C．Because we will never have a dull moment. D．Because Western civilization originates from here. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个旅游国家的情况。 1．A　[细节理解题。根据Iceland部分中“With stunning bays, shooting geysers (间歇喷泉), natural hot springs and the northern lights—Iceland offers an otherworldly reset from your studies.”可知，如果我们想欣赏美丽的北极光，我们应该去冰岛。] 2．C　[细节理解题。根据Iceland部分中“You'll need a large budget to chase waterfalls, sip pints and toast your graduation in Iceland, but you'll look at the world entirely anew.”以及Florence部分中“There is so much to love about Florence, but like most major cities in Italy, it can be expensive, but it's the price you pay to heal your heartache.”可知，冰岛和佛罗伦萨的共同之处是都需要大量预算。] 3．D　[细节理解题。根据Greece部分中“Pro­tip: Don't skip Athens.The birthplace of Western civilization and a paradise for thinkers, artists and scientists, come to see the starting place for man's greatest ideas.”可知，不能错过雅典是因为西方文明起源于此。] B(记叙文) (2024·贵州省贵阳市高三二模) When nine­year­olds Ella Grace Rossen and Cash Daniels met in July 2019, they immediately connected.When their moms introduced them, they had no idea that the kids were about to become an environmental­activism powerhouse pair. “We knew we could make a difference together，” says Cash from his home in Ella agrees.“It was pretty much instant best friends.” Within a short time, their meeting transformed into action, birthing the Cleanup Kids — a youth­led non­profit determined to make waves in environmental conservation. Ella's passion for the environment started with an early love of sharks and many first­hand encounters of cleaning up trash along the shores of Vero Beach.For Cash, the spark was ignited (点燃) at just seven years old, when a single plastic straw on the beach caught his eye, symbolizing a much larger issue.That's when he became aware of the crisis facing thousands of turtles, seabirds and other wildlife, which risk death from consuming discarded plastic. “My hope for the Cleanup Kids is that it's not hundreds of kids, it's thousands of kids who have joined us, and for that to have a chain effect，” says Ella.Member responsibilities include conducting at least one cleanup per month, documenting and photographing the collected trash, and sorting and recycling items.It's a lot of work, and it hasn't gone unrecognized.In 2022, out of more than 700 applicants from across North America, Cash and Ella were chosen as one of 25 projects to receive the Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes. How do you even begin to make that impact? Cash's best advice is to start small.“I started with just a couple cleanups with my family.Don't overdo it，” he says.“And just remember that kids may be only a small part of the population, but we're 100 percent of the future.” 4．What do we know about Cleanup Kids? A．It is aimed at making a fortune. B．It is co­led by mothers and kids. C．It helps kids make friends. D．It focuses on environmental preservation. 5．What raised Cash's awareness of environmental issues? A．Trash along the shores of Vero Beach. B．A single plastic straw on the beach. C．Turtles eating discarded plastic. D．Death of the wildlife in the ocean. 6．Which of the following can best describe Cash and Ella's efforts? A．Acknowledged. B．Fruitless. C．Wasted. D．Inadequate. 7．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．A Cleaner Future B．Friendship Between Two Kids C．Young Geniuses in the World D．Advice for Kids [语篇解读]　本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Ella和Cash两个少年于2019年相遇，并成立了旨在保护环境的Cleanup Kids机构，尽管他们只是小孩子，却代表着未来环境改善的希望。 4．D　[细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Within a short time, their meeting transformed into action, birthing the Cleanup Kids — a youth­led non­profit determined to make waves in environmental conservation.”可知，Cleanup Kids机构关注于环境保护。] 5．B　[细节理解题。根据文章第四段“For Cash, the spark was ignited (点燃) at just seven years old, when a single plastic straw on the beach caught his eye, symbolizing a much larger issue.”可知，沙滩上的一根塑料吸管让Cash意识到了环境保护的问题。] 6．A　[推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“In 2022, out of more than 700 applicants from across North America, Cash and Ella were chosen as one of 25 projects to receive the Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes.”可知，Cash和Ella获得了青年英雄奖。由此推知，他们的努力得到了认可。] 7．A　[标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段“And just remember that kids may be only a small part of the population, but we're 100 percent of the future.”可知，本文主要讲述了Ella和Cash两个少年于2019年相遇，并成立了旨在保护环境的Cleanup Kids机构，尽管他们只是小孩子，却代表着未来的环境改善的希望。由此可知，A项“一个更干净的未来”适合作本文最佳标题。] C(说明文) (2024·河北唐山市高三二模) Researchers discovered a new function for a common protein in the brain—a development that throws new light on the mysteries of the mind and holds promising implications for the treatment of memory loss and post­traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)． The protein, called RPT6, normally performs necessary housekeeping in the brain's hippocampus (海马体) by working as part of a larger protein complex called the proteasome to destroy other proteins.But researchers in the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences' School of Animal Sciences recently noticed this protein behaving in a previously undetected way. “We have found that RPT6 is capable of this completely different function where it can combine with DNA and increase the expression of other genes or proteins during memory formation，” said Tim Jarome, associate professor of neurobiology.“This indicates that RPT6 plays a dual (双重的) role in memory formation, both inside and outside the proteasome complex.” Gene expression is critical to memory formation.It helps to build the neural networks needed to form and strengthen memories.The discovery, published in the Journal of Neuroscience, opens up new avenues for exploration of how RPT6 functions in the brain and how it can be controlled to improve memory and reduce the harm of memory disorders like PTSD. Researchers don't yet understand why RPT6 has this dual function or how it is helping to control the cells that form a memory.“There has to be something else that's working with it to control gene expression，” Jarome said.“We are trying to understand now how it's doing that.” Hopefully, the discovery will be helpful to the ongoing research in Jarome's lab, which focuses on understanding and treating memory disorders. “The discovery of RPT6's new function is leading us somewhere new in revealing the complexities of the brain and how we learn and store memories，” said research scientist Kayla Farrell.“We believe that this will help to inform new directions into understanding how gene expression is controlled during memory.In the long term, this could lead to potential treatment of controlling and improving memory.” 8．What does Tim Jarome say about RPT6 in Paragraph 3? A．It is a new kind of protein. B．It has little to do with DNA. C．It can feed most of the cells. D．It affects memory formation. 9．What is still unclear to researchers? A．What contributes to RPT6's dual function. B．The role of gene expression in memory formation. C．The discovery of RPT6's dual function in the brain. D．Whether RPT6 can increase the expression of other genes. 10．What message does Kayla Farrell mainly want to convey? A．The brain is not complex to explore. B．The finding is of great significance. C．The new treatment of memory loss works. D．The problem of storing memory is serious. 11．Where does the text most probably appear? A．In a lab report. B．In a chemistry textbook. C．In a health magazine. D．In a first aid brochure. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员发现了大脑中一种常见蛋白质的一种新功能—这一进展为揭示大脑之谜带来了新的曙光，也为治疗记忆丧失和创伤后应激障碍带来了希望。 8．D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘We have found that RPT6 is capable of this completely different function where it can combine with DNA and increase the expression of other genes or proteins during memory formation，’ said Tim Jarome, associate professor of neurobiology.‘This indicates that RPT6 plays a dual (双重的) role in memory formation, both inside and outside the proteasome complex.’”可知，RPT6可以与DNA结合，增加记忆形成过程中其他基因或蛋白质的表达，RPT6在记忆形成中起着双重作用，由此可知，RPT6影响记忆的形成。] 9．A　[细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Researchers don't yet understand why RPT6 has this dual function or how it is helping to control the cells that form a memory.”可知，研究人员依然不清楚RPT6为什么会有双重功能，由此可知，研究人员不知道是什么促成RPT6的双重功能的。] 10．B　[推理判断题。根据尾段中的“‘The discovery of RPT6's new function is leading us somewhere new in revealing the complexities of the brain and how we learn and store memories，’ said research scientist Kayla Farrell.”可知，Kayla Farrell认为发现RPT6的新功能引导我们揭示大脑的复杂性以及我们如何学习和存储记忆，结合下文中的“We believe that this will help to inform new directions into understanding how gene expression is controlled during memory.In the long term, this could lead to potential treatment of controlling and improving memory.”可知，Kayla Farrell认为这可能会有助于找到控制和改善记忆的治疗方法，由此可知，Kayla Farrell认为发现RPT6的新功能是很有意义的。] 11．C　[文章出处题。根据首段“Researchers discovered a new function for a common protein in the brain—a development that throws new light on the mysteries of the mind and holds promising implications for the treatment of memory loss and post­traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)．”以及下文中的对该项研究的分析可知，研究发现大脑中一种常见蛋白质，这为大脑之谜带来了新的曙光，也为治疗记忆丧失和创伤后应激障碍带来了希望，由此可推断，本文最有可能出现在“健康杂志”上。] D(说明文) (2024·青海省百所名校高三二模) People may form inaccurate impressions about us from our social media posts, finds new Cornell University research that is the first to examine perceptions (认知) of our personalities based on online posts. An analysis of online status updates found great difference between how viewers saw the authors across a range of personality traits, and the authors' self­perceptions. Viewers rated the Internet users on average as having lower self­esteem and being more self­revealing, for example, than the users rated themselves. Status updates containing photos, videos or links in addition to text facilitated more accurate assessments than those with just text the researchers found. Overall, they said, the study sheds light on the dynamic process by which a cyber audience tries to make sense of who we are from isolated fragments (碎片) of shared information, jointly constructing our digital identity. “The impression people form about us on social media based on what we post can differ from the way we view ourselves.” said Qi Wang, professor of psychology and director of the Culture & Cognition Lab.“A mismatch between who we are and how people perceive us could influence our ability to feel connected online and the benefits of engaging in social media interaction.” The Cornell researchers believe their study is the first to investigate audience perceptions of social media users through their posts. On platforms, users often share fragmentary personal narratives while interacting with “friends” they may know only a little or sometimes not at all. Interestingly, the study found that online status updates generated perceptions of users that were consistent with cultural standards in offline contexts concerning gender and ethnicity—even though viewers were blind to their identities. Wang said the findings could help developers design interfaces that allow people to express themselves most authentically. “If people's view of us is very different from who we actually are, or how we would like to be perceived，” Wang said, “it could harm our social life and well­being.” 12．What may your online posts lead to? A．Authentic digital identity. B．Viewers' misjudgment of you. C．Less social media interaction. D．Making more online friends. 13．Which of the following will least reveal your personality? A．A link with text. B．A pure video post. C．A plain text post. D．A text post with photos. 14．Who will be most interested in these findings? A．Online web viewers. B．Internet bloggers. C．Computer repairmen. D．Social media developers. 15．What does Wang think of the result of the research? A．Profitable. B．Meaningless. C．Useful. D．Unpractical. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新研究，发现人们可能会从我们的社交媒体帖子中对我们形成不准确的印象，这是首次根据网络帖子来调查人们对我们性格的看法。 12．B　[细节理解题。根据第一段“People may form inaccurate impressions about us from our social media posts, finds new Cornell University research that is the first to examine perceptions (认知) of our personalities based on online posts.”可知，你在网上的帖子会导致观看者对你的错误判断。] 13．C　[细节理解题。根据第三段“Viewers rated the Internet users on average as having lower self­esteem and being more self­revealing, for example, than the users rated themselves. Status updates containing photos, videos or links in addition to text facilitated more accurate assessments than those with just text the researchers found.”可知，纯文本帖子不能暴露你的个性。] 14．D　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Wang said the findings could help developers design interfaces that allow people to express themselves most authentically.(王说，这些发现可以帮助开发人员设计出允许人们最真实地表达自己的界面。)”可知，社交媒体开发者会对这些发现最感兴趣。] 15．C　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Wang said the findings could help developers design interfaces that allow people to express themselves most authentically.”可知，王认为这项研究的结果是有用的。] 　　　　　　　　　　 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$