第1板块 专题2 探究1 依据设空位置定思考方向(word教参)-【创新教程】2025年高考英语大二轮专题增分方案
探究一 依据设空位置定思考方向
句子在段落中的位置不同,所起的作用也不同。命题人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三种挖空方式,正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用来考查考生的逻辑思维能力。本讲主要是从空格位置及所承担的语意关系层面来讲解做题技法。
微课一 段首设空题——段落主题&承上启下
若是针对段落小标题设空,其呈现形式应和其他小标题相同,选项短小精悍,多为名词词组、动词ing短语或祈使句。若段落首句设空,段首句要么与段落标题相关联,要么是段落主题句;选项要有概括性,要么承接上段,要么是对下文的概括。
根据一致, 确定段落标题句
[典例呈现] (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) ●Get creative.The best way to ease pressure on overtouristed destinations is to go somewhere else... ● __39__ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.You'll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. A.Visit during offpeak times. C.Travel for you and no one else. G.Consider giving back to the communities you're visiting. | [点拨] 空处为小标题,根据后文“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.(通过避开重大节假日或高峰时间来最小化影响并最大化体验。)”表示旅游时要注意避开高峰期,选择合适的时间,A选项“在非高峰时间参观”概括本段内容。 自主解答: A |
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把握形似,确定段落主题句
[典例呈现] (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) __38__ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical.It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. D.But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E.Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. F.That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. | [点拨] 段落主题句。根据下文中的“It should give you a precise definition of each word...how the word is pronounced.”(它应该为你提供每个单词的精确定义,从而区分它与其他含义相似但不完全相同的单词。它通常还会显示单词是如何发音的。)可知,该段主要讲述了词典不仅仅提供单词的拼写,还有其他功能。 自主解答: E |
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G.Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
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瞻前顾后,确定段落过渡句
[典例呈现] (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) Parisians are different from you and me.They never look lazy or untidy.As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago,they eat great food and never gain weight. 38.The_food_is_so_delicious_that_you_don't_need_much_of_it_to_make_you_happy. French strawberries do not taste like cardboard.Instead,they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs. __39__ On our first morning in Paris,I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries.I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon.My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten.But they cost $18! D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers. E.That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do. F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians. | [点拨] 根据设空处所在的位置可知,该空很可能是承上启下的过渡句。根据上文内容可知,设空处的上一段介绍了法国人吃得少的一个原因是他们的食物美味;本段继续说法国人吃得少的另一个原因,即水果价格昂贵。因此设空处应起到承上启下的作用。分析选项可知,E项(那不是法国人比我们吃得少的唯一原因)符合语境,且 E项中的That指代上文论述过的原因。 自主解答: E |
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微课二 段中设空题——“七种关系定答案”
当设空在段中时,通常考查与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文的衔接。一篇文章往往是一个有机的整体,各部分之间存在着一定的联系。从逻辑意义上来看,句子与句子之间常常有并列、顺承、递进、转折、总分、解释、因果等关系,有时甚至包含多种这样的关系。因此,阅读材料时一定要把握文章脉络,弄清其中的逻辑关系。如果文中或选项中出现了逻辑关系词,学生就可以利用逻辑关系词来进行推断;如果文中或选项中未出现逻辑关系词,
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这就需要学生全面理解文章大意,根据上下文语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系,作出正确的判断。设空在段中,一般要处理好“七种关系”。
根据总分关系确定答案
[典例呈现] (2024·全国甲卷) Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. __37__ It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full. A.Eat properly throughout the day. B.We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger. C.Don't swallow a meal on the way to work. D.Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
| [点拨] 根据本段的主旨句“Take your time”可知,本段主要围绕“不着急,慢慢来”展开,且空后讲到了“It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.” (你的大脑需要花费几分钟告诉你的身体它已经摄入了足够的食物,因此要慢点吃,在你感觉饱之前就停下来。),C项“不要在上班的路上狼吞虎咽”符合语境。 自主解答: C |
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根据解释关系确定答案
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