第1板块 专题1 题型篇 第2节 推理判断题（word教参）-【创新教程】2025年高考英语大二轮专题增分方案

第2节　推理判断题 推理判断题属于深层次的阅读理解题。解答该类题目时一定要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息之间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”和“言外之意”。在进行推断时，要据文推理、合情推理，不可脱离原文主观臆断。 类别 考查特点 设问方式 隐含推 断题 隐含推断题要求根据语篇内容，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信息或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。只有正确把握文章的内在联系，理解文章的真正含义，才可能作出准确的推断。 注意题干中常用的六个动词：infer、indicate、 imply、suggest、conclude、assume。该类题型常见的设题形式有： ①It can be inferred/concluded from the text that　__________　. ②The writer/author indicates/suggests/ implies that　__________　. ③What can we infer about ...？ 观点态 度题 学生要通过分析文中的用词、语气和对细节的描述来体会字里行间流露的情感或态度，从而推断出作者或文中人物的言外之意。 该类题型常见的设题形式有： ①How does the author feel about ...？ ②What does the author think of ...？ ③What is the author's attitude towards/ to . ..？ 写作目 的题 一般来说，作者在文章中不直接陈述自己的写作意图，而是通过文章中所提供的事实使读者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型要求学生在理解文章大意的基础上进行归纳总结和推理判断。 该类题型常见的设题形式有： ①What is the main purpose of the text？ ②What is the author's purpose of/in writing this passage？ ③For what purpose did the author write the passage？ ④ The writer writes this passage in order to 　________　. 文章出 处题/ 写作对 象题 学生要根据文章的体裁和题材来推断文章的出处或类别。写作对象题要求根据文章内容和文中的措辞推断文章的写作对象。 该类题型常见的设题形式有： ①Where is this text most likely from？ ②Where is this text probably taken from？ ③The passage is probably intended for　__________　. 隐含推断题——据文推理法 　　隐含推断题要求考生根据文中的信息进行合理的、适度的逻辑推断，推断出作者没有直接说明的内容、可能会发生的事情，理解作者的言外之意等。考生只有正确把握文章的内在关系，理解关键词句的真正含义，才可能作出准确的推断。此类题目的题干主要包括六个动词：infer(推断)，indicate(象征，暗示)，imply(暗示)，suggest(暗示), conclude(得出结论)和 assume(假定，设想)。解此类试题常用“据文推理法”。解题技法如： 典例呈现 解题技法 　　(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷阅读C)Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn't assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words. 31.What does the author imply in the last paragraph？ A.Students should apply multiple learning techniques. B.Teachers should produce their own teaching material. C.Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education. D.Education outside the classroom cannot be ignored. [第一步]　锁定题干关键词：the last paragraph [第二步]　查找定位到原文：根据题干信息锁定到文章的最后一段。最后一段首先谈到电子文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，特别是在提供纸质文本无法提供的资源时。“However”后提到为了最大限度地进行需要集中注意力和反思的学习，教育者不应该假设所有媒体都是一样的，即使它们包含相同的词汇。也就是说有纸化学习在教育中是不能完全被取代的。 自主解答：　C　 观点态度题——忠于措辞法 　　所谓作者的观点和态度，就是表达作者对某个话题、行为、事件的看法、感觉或判断。作者的观点和态度一般分为三大类：支持、赞同、乐观；客观、中立；反对、批评、怀疑、悲观。作者的思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间。因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词或副词。此类试题往往让考生推断文章作者或文中人物对某事所持的态度、观点或看法，或推断文中人物的语气、性格等。解此类试题常用“忠于措辞法”。解题技法如： [温馨提示] 典例呈现 解题技法 　　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷阅读B)Ridership on transit(交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short stories save transit? Trost thinks so. “At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience.So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories，” she says. 27.What is Trost's opinion about BART's future? A.It will close down. B.Its profits will decline. C.It will expand nationwide. D.Its ridership will increase. [第一步]　锁定题干关键词： Trost's opinion about BART's future [第二步]　查找定位到原文：根据第七段内容“Trost thinks so”和第八段中的“So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories”可知，特罗斯特完全相信他们会因为短故事收获更多乘客。 自主解答：　D　 写作目的题——文体特点法 　　各种文体的阅读材料都可能考查写作目的题。通常情况下，作者在文中不直接陈述自己的写作目的，而是通过文中所列事物使读者感受到其所传递的想法。所以，这种题型要求考生具备对作者阐述的内容进行总结和分析的能力。解此类试题常用“文体特点法”。解题技法如： 典例呈现 解题技法 　　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷阅读D)Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI­powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in.This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution(变革)． ... AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. 35.What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A.To recommend a book on AI. B.To give a brief account of AI history. C.To clarify the definition of AI. D.To honor an outstanding AI expert. [第一步]　锁定题干关键词：the author's purpose in writing the text [第二步]　查找定位到原文：根据文章第一段和文章最后一段可知，本文主要介绍了Catriona Campbell所著的AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence一书，该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一本关于人工智能的书。 自主解答：　A　 文章出处题/写作对象题——体裁内容法 　　文章出处题要求考生具备一定的常识，能够根据文章的体裁和题材来推断文章的出处或类别。写作对象题要求考生根据短文内容和文中的措辞推断文章的写作对象。解此类试题常用“体裁内容法”。解题技法如： 典例呈现 解题技法 　　(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷·C篇)Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object－the book，represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world... In this “book of books，” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures ... ... ...From a 21st­century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery­powered e­reader... 28.Where is the text most probably taken from? A.An introduction to a book. B.An essay on the art of writing. C.A guidebook to a museum. D.A review of modern paintings. [第一步]　锁定题干关键词：the text most probably taken from [第二步]　查找定位到原文：根据第一段的第一句 Reading Art：Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object－the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.第二段的第一句 In this “book of books，”．..以及第四段的the printed book is...可知，文中描述了这本书的主题和内容，很有可能是一本书的序言或者简介。 自主解答：　A　 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$