精品解析：浙江省七彩阳光新高考研究联盟2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题

2024学年第一学期浙江“七彩阳光”新高考研究联盟期中联考 高二年级英语学科 试题 考生须知： 1. 本卷共10页满分150分, 考试时间120分钟; 2. 答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。 3. 所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效； 4. 考试结束后，只需上交答题纸。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where can the man find the knife? A. On the table. B. Next to the fridge. C. In the dishwasher. 2. What does the man mean? A. The woman can only get one watch today. B. The store limits two watches per customer. C. The watches are only on sale online. 3. Where are the speakers probably? A. At a travel agency. B. At an airport. C. At a hotel. 4. What super power does the woman want the most? A. Super strength ability. B. Mind-reading ability. C. Flying ability. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. The weather. B. An old classmate. C. Their high school life. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟； 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What problem does the woman have? A. She can’t afford a ticket. B. She can’t find the museum. C. She thought the exhibition was free. 7. What will the woman do next? A. Change a ticket. B. Go down the stairs. C. Prepare for a flight. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. What does the man do? A. He is a TV host. B. He is a writer. C. He is an artist. 9. How does the woman probably feel at the end? A. Confused. B. Uninterested. C. Inspired. 听第8段材料，回答第10至 12题。 10. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Tour guide and tourist. C. Father and daughter. 11. Which part of the United Kingdom is the woman from? A. Wales. B. England. C. Scotland. 12. What did the man go to London mainly for? A. Attending teacher conferences. B. Visiting family members. C. Enjoying local festivals. 听第9段材料，回答第13至 16题。 13. What did Jerry do in the last game? A. He earned the highest score. B. He scored the winning points. C. He acted as the team captain. 14. In which city will the championship game be held? A. Washington, D. C. B. Los Angeles. C. London. 15. What does Jerry’s mother want him to do? A. Become a basketball coach. B. Win the championship. C. Go to college. 16. What will probably happen next Friday? A. Betty will watch the man’s game. B. Betty will be on a business trip. C. Betty will arrive home. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where did James Cook spend most of his childhood? A. At sea. B. On a farm. C. At a research center. 18. Why did the scientists travel to Tahiti? A. To make maps. B. To trade with local people. C. To study the changes of stars. 19. Which country was found by James Cook? A. Canada. B. Australia. C. New Zealand. 20. When did James Cook die? A. In 1768. B. In 1770. C. In 1779. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳答案。 A Edinburgh calls itself the “world’s leading festival city” with good reason — It has four major festivals in August alone: Edinburgh International Festival (2 Aug. 2024 — 26 Aug. 2024) The Edinburgh International Festival is an unparalleled celebration of the performing arts and an annual meeting point for peoples of all nations. Committed to virtuosity (精湛技巧) and originality, the International Festival presents some of the finest performers and bands from the worlds of dance, opera, music and theatre for three weeks in August. Edinburgh Festival Fringe (4 Aug. 2024 — 25 Aug. 2024) The Edinburgh Festival Fringe is one of the greatest celebrations of arts and culture on the planet and takes place every August in Edinburgh. The Fringe Society was founded by artists to nurture and uphold the Fringe’s values of inclusivity, experimentation and imagination. Anyone can take part in the Fringe. We’ve created a wide range of resources, how-to guides and a digital platform, Fringe Connect, to support you as Fringe participants and make the most of everything the Fringe has to offer. Edinburgh Book Festival (10 Aug. 2024 — 25 Aug. 2024) Edinburgh International Book Festival: the world-leading festival of words, literature, and ideas. Every August we present the largest public celebration of the written word in the world, bringing together over 500 events with the most exciting writers and thinkers on the planet to ignite imaginations, improve human connection, and challenge the current situation. We hope you can join us, whether in person or online. Edinburgh Art Festival (9 Aug. 2024 — 25 Aug. 2024) Edinburgh Art Festival (EAF) is set to bring culture and community to the capital city’s unique spaces, as the UK’s largest festival of visual arts returns for its nineteenth edition. Under the new direction of Kim McAleese, in her first directed programme, explore exhibitions, events and performances across Scotland’ s capital between the new dates of 9-25 August 2024. The new dates allow for an exciting and full three weeks, along with other festivals in the city. 1. What festivals are available for a tourist in Edinburgh from 1 Aug. to 7 Aug.? A. Edinburgh International Book Festival and Edinburgh Art Festival. B. Edinburgh International Festival and Edinburgh Festival Fringe. C. Edinburgh International Festival and Edinburgh Art Festival. D. Edinburgh Festival Fringe and Edinburgh Book Festival. 2. What can a tourist attending The Edinburgh International Festival do? A. Watch opera. B. Get how-to guides. C. Meet writers. D. Explore exhibitions. 3. Which festival does a person crazy about literature tend to choose? A. Edinburgh International Festival. B. Edinburgh Festival Fringe. C. Edinburgh Book Festival. D. Edinburgh Art Festival. B Spanish scientist Pilar Bosch has found a way to use bacteria (细菌) to repair 18th-century paintings. Bosch, a microbiologist, tells Reuters she got the idea for the method while considering possibilities for a paper toward her doctoral degree. During this process, she discovered someone else’s paper that suggested bacteria can be used to restore artworks. At around the same time, Bosch learned that her mother was struggling to find a good method for restoring 18th-century paintings. The paintings, by Spanish artist Antonio Palomino, sat in Santos Juanes— one of the oldest churches in the city of Valencia. Bosch said her mother, Pilar Roig, noted how difficult the restoration process at the church was. One reason was the glue used to remove the paintings from the walls in the 1960s. The substance was nearly impossible to remove completely. “My mother had a very difficult problem to solve and I found a paper about bacteria used to clean frescoes in Italy,” Bosch said. A fresco is a kind of painting that often appears across a large wall. Bosch added she decided to write her doctoral paper on the same subject. That was more than ten years ago. Today, she gets to work with her mother on the church restoration (修复). They are using the bacteria method to remove glue from artworks. The $4.46 million project is being financed by local organizations. The process involves feeding small amounts of the glue — made from animal collagen (胶原) — to the bacteria. After a time, the bacteria begins to naturally produce enzymes to break down the glue. The mother-daughter team then mixes the bacteria with a natural algae (藻类)-based substance called a gel, and places it onto the paintings. They say that after about three hours, the gel mixture is removed, leaving the paintings glue-free. 4. How did Bosch come up with the idea? A. From a news report. B. From a doctor’s interview. C. From someone else’s paper. D. From an art project poster. 5. What does “The substance” underlined in paragraph 4 refer to? A. A glue. B. A wall. C. A painting. D. A bacterium. 6. Who is providing funds for the church restoration project? A. The Spanish government. B. The local organizations. C. The mother-daughter team. D. The global artist community. 7. Which is the best title for the passage? A. 18th-century Artworks Discovered on Church Walls. B. Bacteria Show Amazing Promise in Artwork Creation. C. Churches Appeal for More Support in Art Restoration. D. Scientist Uses Bacteria to Repair 18th-century Artworks. C We all know how we use our senses every day: We might hear a dog barking or taste a crunchy apple. But what if hearing that dog barking also made you see the color blue? Or tasting that apple made you hear a soft musical sound? This could happen to someone with synesthesia. Synesthesia is a brain condition where the senses mix together. For a person with synesthesia (called a “synesthete”), seeing, hearing, or touching something can trigger (触发) another sense. There are many different types of synesthesia. For example, chromesthesia is when sounds are linked to colors, and grapheme— color synesthesia is when letters and numbers are linked to colors. There are many other variations too. So, why does this happen? What makes some people taste bananas when they listen to classical music? It might be in their genes. Nearly half of all synesthetes say that a close family member also has the same condition, suggesting that it might be a genetic trait (特质). One theory is that synesthesia happens because of a change in a gene responsible for removing unnecessary connections in the brain. When we grow, the brain naturally gets rid of some of these connections. But if a change occurs, some connections might stay, leading to this cross-wiring of senses. Recent studies have looked at how synesthesia may benefit those with the condition. Research has found that people with synesthesia often have exceptional memories. They may also have better senses: those with color-related synesthesia can tell different colors apart more easily and those with touch-related synesthesia have a more sensitive touch. Additionally, synesthesia seems to happen more often in artists and poets, which suggests it might boost creativity. In the future, synesthesia may be helpful in curing diseases involved with our brains’ networking systems and aiding those with memory problems. It has been shown that synesthesia can be triggered by drugs, lack of sensory input, or hypnosis (催眠). More research could help us improve connections in the brain and boost memory. Synesthesia is leading to new discoveries about how our brains work! 8. Which is probably a specific example of synesthesia? A. Tasting tomatoes when eating a pizza. B. Seeing red when hearing the number 14. C. Remembering a friend when seeing a photo. D. Thinking of Shakespeare when reading Hamlet. 9. What can we learn from paragraph 2 and 3? A. Synesthesia often runs in the family. B. There are only two types of synesthesia. C. People will get rid of synesthesia as they age. D. Synesthesia is a product of active imagination. 10. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word in paragraph 3? A. Removal. B. Change. C. Mixing. D. Disconnection. 11. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. Synesthesia can help people connect with others. B. People can develop synesthesia with the help of drugs. C. Recent studies have made progress in treating synesthesia. D. Synesthesia will offer new insight in treating brain diseases. D Mireille Silcoff loves to read, but her 12-year-old daughter does not share this passion. In a New York Times essay, Silcoff recounts her attempts to get her daughter to read, which eventually led her to offer a $100 bribe. She chose Jenny Han’s The Summer I Turned Pretty, a book tied to a TV series her daughter already loved. The deal was for her daughter to finish it within a month, but she completed it in just a week and even requested the sequel (续篇), which she read for “no extra charge.” Silcoff recognizes that young people today deal with stories differently but believes that books offer a unique experience. “You know when an author sums up a feeling you didn’t even know you’ve had, and a hundred lightbulbs go off on the top of your head?” she reflects, emphasizing that books allow readers to interact with the story in ways that screen adaptations cannot. Although it remains to be seen if her daughter has become a reader for life, Silcoff feels she has opened a new “quiet personal place” for her daughter in the world of literature, calling it the best money she ever spent. While I appreciate Ms. Silcoff’s desire to have her daughter experience the joys of reading, I seriously doubt that paying her daughter to read “worked.” While the money reward persuaded her daughter to read the book in the short term, it was unlikely to develop the motivation (动力) to read, which must feel like a choice and unpressured. Decades of research have shown that paying people to do things they love weakens their motivation afterwards, and paying them to complete tasks they do not enjoy keeps the motivation tied to rewards so that they are less likely to value the activity and choose to participate in it on their own. The belief in rewards as an effective motivator is a myth; other strategies are more likely to develop long-term motivation. Rewards are a simple fix that is likely to backfire. 12. How did Silcoff encourage her daughter to read? A. With money reward. B. With longer TV time. C. With free new books. D. With words of praise. 13. What did Silcoff imply in the underlined words in paragraph 2? A. Reading can take up much of your time and energy. B. Books can help prepare you for accidents in your life. C. Reading can bring sudden realization or understanding. D. TVs and films can provide a more inspiring experience. 14. Regarding Silcoff’s method, the author expresses concerns over __________. A. its moral principle B. its increasing cost C. its social influence D. its long-term effectiveness 15. Why does the author mention the “decades of research”? A. To highlight that motivation is closely tied to rewards. B. To emphasize that kids will read more under pressure. C. To suggest that paying kids to read is potentially useful. D. To stress that reading should be something kids choose to do. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How Your Brain Plays Tricks on You Your brain is capable of remarkable things. But your mind is far from perfect. Sometimes, it forgets key details, leading you to make mistakes. ____16____ Your mind likes to take shortcuts. Your brain can get lazy. When trying to solve a problem or making a decision, your mind often falls back on solutions that have worked in the past. Using shortcuts can be a useful approach when it allows you to make decisions quickly. ____17____ For example, plane crashes make you terrified of flying because your brain is using a mental shortcut to fool you into believing that flying is more dangerous. In reality, traveling by air is much safer than traveling by car. Your thinking is cheated by hidden biases. Sometimes you judge a person unfairly. For example, if a cafe worker gets your order wrong, you might decide that they are incompetent. Maybe they were just overwhelmed by orders. This is called attributional bias (归因偏见). ____18____ When it happens, you seek out information that confirms what you already believe, but ignore anything that opposes your beliefs. These cognitive biases can prevent you from thinking clearly and making wise decisions. They can even affect how you interact with the world. ____19____ Your brain is hard to take in every detail. It can be surprisingly easy to miss major changes. This is called change blindness. Change blindness might not seem like a huge problem, but research has shown that it can have major consequences. For example, people who control air traffic can make serious errors as a result of change blindness. Drivers are also vulnerable to change blindness, which can lead to accidents. Your brain likes to play the blame game. ____20____ In the process, we misunderstand reality to protect our self-esteem. For example: When you got badly sunburned, rather than acknowledging that you didn’t reapply sunscreen as often as you should have, you decide that the sunscreen itself must have been ineffective. Our brain do so to protect our self-esteem and guard us against the fear of failure. A. Your brain can be blind to change. B Why do we engage in the blame game? C. Another bias that your brain falls prey to is confirmation bias. D. However, you can avoid some mistakes by learning more about it. E. When something bad happens your brain tries to come up with a reason for it. F. But these mental shortcuts can also trip you up and cause you to make mistakes. G. With so much happening in the world, it can be hard for the brain to take in every detail. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Lifeline I was headed downtown for a meeting, so I got the No. 2 train at 96th Street. When we pulled into 42nd Street, ____21____ flooded in. Among them was a middle-aged woman who stepped with a (n) ____22____ of confidence. She wore an orange shirt, a long light yellow skirt, and white high heels. On her way to a business meeting, I thought. I watched her ____23____ for a seat, only to end up in front of me. When she realized we were ____24____ each other, she moved past me. At that ____25____ moment, the train suddenly began to speed. I tried to grab the bar above my head but ____26____ it. As I felt myself falling backward, I noticed that the woman in the orange shirt was losing her ____27____ as well and searching for something to hold onto. Her arms did some windmills, and my right hand naturally reached out to hers like a ____28____ thrown in a stormy sea. She grabbed it ____29____ . While the train raced on, we held each other’s arm to keep our balance in a (n) _____30_____ fashion. I smiled at her, and she _____31_____ back. I could feel her pulse (脉搏) in her grasp. We remained like that _____32_____ the next stop, just like a couple. When the speed no longer _____33_____ to knock us over and the passengers had _____34_____ around the door, our hands parted in silent agreement. The door opened, and she disappeared, leaving me with the reminder that even in the chaos (混乱) of life, human _____35_____ can shine through in the most unexpected ways. 21. A. researchers B. riders C. engineers D. drivers 22. A. lack B. property C. air D. absence 23. A. looking around B. stepping back C. trying out D. setting off 24 A. seeing B. discovering C. judging D. facing 25. A. very B. usual C. previous D. rare 26. A. lost B. pushed C. detected D. missed 27. A. mind B. balance C. temper D. heart 28. A. warning B. sail C. lifeline D. baggage 29. A. gradually B. constantly C. potentially D. immediately 30. A. unsteady B. professional C. visible D. modern 31. A. smiled B. stretched C. swung D. switched 32. A. off B. until C. despite D. without 33. A. appealed B. failed C. threatened D. promised 34. A. wandered B. gathered C. fled D. encountered 35. A. imagination B. equality C. connection D. commitment 第Ⅱ卷 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Fancy some steamed buns or sandwiches ____36____ (beat) the sense of hunger when hiking on the Great Wall? Gone are the days of a 50-minute walk — now, drones (无人机) have got us covered, ____37____ (shorten) the journey to a mere 5 minutes. Operating in the South Nine Towers area of Badaling, the service promises delivery by drones within 5 to 15 minutes. The South Nine Towers area, ____38____ opened to the public at the end of last year, is ____39____ less commercialized, rocky section of the Great Wall. It preserves the Wall’s ____40____ (history) charm while accommodating activities such as hiking and photography. The drone delivery fee is just 4 yuan (56 cents), the same as regular deliveries. The service will take ____41____ (order) from 10 am to 4 pm, after which the drones ____42____ (task) with carrying trash to recycling stations. It’s the capital’s first drone service, adding ____43____ a fast-growing drone delivery business across China, which is the world’s largest producer and ____44____ (export) of civilian consumer drones. The industry has brought convenience to people living in both cities and hard-to-reach rural areas. In addition to boosting rural delivery service, drones are also _____45_____ (increasing) used to fetch quick takeout for people living in China’s large cities. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 近日，你校英语社举行了一场以“人工智能是否能创造艺术”为题的辩论，请你写一篇新闻稿，为校英语报报道此事，内容包括： 1. 辩论过程； 2. 辩论结果； 3. 活动影响。 参考词汇：正方 the affirmative team, 反方 the negative team 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Can AI create art? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Perfectly Pan-fried Tofu The familiar smell of garlic, soy sauce, and onion filled the air as I opened my lunch bag to see what my mom had packed for me. On any other occasion, I would have been delighted to eat my mom’s braised (炖) pan-fried tofu: a Korean dish that I often ate for dinner. But not today, the day a nice girl had invited me, the new girl at school, to sit with her friends during lunch. “Charis, over here!” My new friend was waving her arms, trying to get my attention. As I prepared to walk over to the table, memories of elementary and middle school lunch times came back to me. I remembered my embarrassment as my friends would hold their noses, or simply run away from me when I brought homemade Korean food. I remembered how my embarrassment shifted to anger when I complained about the smell to my mom. I had argued with my mom that I wanted “normal” food for lunch. I remembered the look on my mom’s face, a mix between disappointment and confusion. But I was determined and she gave in because she worried about my making new friends every time we moved. So for the remainder of middle school, my mom packed smell-less, non-Korean food like ham and cheese sandwiches. However, that day, she was in a rush to get to her new job and packed me leftovers from dinner. As soon as I got to my new lunch table, I tried to sneak my brightly colored lunch bag down under my seat before anyone noticed the strong smell. I looked up to see the other girls at the table, opening their normal American lunches— from cheese sandwiches to chicken salad tortilla wraps (鸡肉沙拉卷饼) to waffles and fresh fruit sandwiches, everything just looked so normal and so American. I sat quietly, trying not to be noticed when Katrina, my new friend, asked where my food was. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “I’m not really hungry,” I replied in a weak voice. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ It took me a second to recognize that my foreign, Korean food was not being rejected. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1-5 CAACB 6-10 CBACA 11-15 BABAC 16-20 ABCBC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年第一学期浙江“七彩阳光”新高考研究联盟期中联考 高二年级英语学科 试题 考生须知： 1. 本卷共10页满分150分, 考试时间120分钟; 2. 答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。 3. 所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效； 4. 考试结束后，只需上交答题纸。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where can the man find the knife? A. On the table. B. Next to the fridge. C. In the dishwasher. 2. What does the man mean? A. The woman can only get one watch today. B. The store limits two watches per customer. C. The watches are only on sale online. 3. Where are the speakers probably? A. At a travel agency. B. At an airport. C. At a hotel. 4. What super power does the woman want the most? A. Super strength ability. B. Mind-reading ability. C. Flying ability. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. The weather. B. An old classmate. C. Their high school life. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟； 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What problem does the woman have? A. She can’t afford a ticket. B. She can’t find the museum. C. She thought the exhibition was free. 7. What will the woman do next? A. Change a ticket. B. Go down the stairs. C. Prepare for a flight. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. What does the man do? A. He is a TV host. B. He is a writer. C. He is an artist. 9. How does the woman probably feel at the end? A. Confused. B. Uninterested. C. Inspired. 听第8段材料，回答第10至 12题。 10. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Tour guide and tourist. C. Father and daughter. 11. Which part of the United Kingdom is the woman from? A. Wales. B. England. C. Scotland. 12. What did the man go to London mainly for? A. Attending teacher conferences. B. Visiting family members. C. Enjoying local festivals. 听第9段材料，回答第13至 16题。 13. What did Jerry do in the last game? A. He earned the highest score. B. He scored the winning points. C. He acted as the team captain. 14. In which city will the championship game be held? A. Washington, D. C. B. Los Angeles. C. London. 15. What does Jerry’s mother want him to do? A. Become a basketball coach. B. Win the championship. C. Go to college. 16. What will probably happen next Friday? A. Betty will watch the man’s game. B. Betty will be on a business trip. C. Betty will arrive home. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where did James Cook spend most of his childhood? A At sea. B. On a farm. C. At a research center. 18. Why did the scientists travel to Tahiti? A. To make maps. B. To trade with local people. C. To study the changes of stars. 19. Which country was found by James Cook? A. Canada. B. Australia. C. New Zealand. 20. When did James Cook die? A. In 1768. B. In 1770. C. In 1779. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳答案。 A Edinburgh calls itself the “world’s leading festival city” with good reason — It has four major festivals in August alone: Edinburgh International Festival (2 Aug. 2024 — 26 Aug. 2024) The Edinburgh International Festival is an unparalleled celebration of the performing arts and an annual meeting point for peoples of all nations. Committed to virtuosity (精湛技巧) and originality, the International Festival presents some of the finest performers and bands from the worlds of dance, opera, music and theatre for three weeks in August. Edinburgh Festival Fringe (4 Aug. 2024 — 25 Aug. 2024) The Edinburgh Festival Fringe is one of the greatest celebrations of arts and culture on the planet and takes place every August in Edinburgh. The Fringe Society was founded by artists to nurture and uphold the Fringe’s values of inclusivity, experimentation and imagination. Anyone can take part in the Fringe. We’ve created a wide range of resources, how-to guides and a digital platform, Fringe Connect, to support you as Fringe participants and make the most of everything the Fringe has to offer. Edinburgh Book Festival (10 Aug. 2024 — 25 Aug. 2024) Edinburgh International Book Festival: the world-leading festival of words, literature, and ideas. Every August we present the largest public celebration of the written word in the world, bringing together over 500 events with the most exciting writers and thinkers on the planet to ignite imaginations, improve human connection, and challenge the current situation. We hope you can join us, whether in person or online. Edinburgh Art Festival (9 Aug. 2024 — 25 Aug. 2024) Edinburgh Art Festival (EAF) is set to bring culture and community to the capital city’s unique spaces, as the UK’s largest festival of visual arts returns for its nineteenth edition. Under the new direction of Kim McAleese, in her first directed programme, explore exhibitions, events and performances across Scotland’ s capital between the new dates of 9-25 August 2024. The new dates allow for an exciting and full three weeks, along with other festivals in the city. 1. What festivals are available for a tourist in Edinburgh from 1 Aug. to 7 Aug.? A. Edinburgh International Book Festival and Edinburgh Art Festival. B. Edinburgh International Festival and Edinburgh Festival Fringe. C. Edinburgh International Festival and Edinburgh Art Festival. D. Edinburgh Festival Fringe and Edinburgh Book Festival. 2. What can a tourist attending The Edinburgh International Festival do? A. Watch opera. B. Get how-to guides. C. Meet writers. D. Explore exhibitions. 3. Which festival does a person crazy about literature tend to choose? A. Edinburgh International Festival. B. Edinburgh Festival Fringe. C. Edinburgh Book Festival. D. Edinburgh Art Festival. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了爱丁堡8月四个主要节日。 1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Edinburgh International Festival (2 Aug. 2024 — 26 Aug. 2024)(爱丁堡国际艺术节（2024年8月2日- 2024年8月26日）)”可知，爱丁堡国际艺术节是在8月2日开始到8月26日结束，结合“Edinburgh Festival Fringe (4 Aug. 2024 — 25 Aug. 2024)(爱丁堡艺穗节（2024年8月4日- 2024年8月25日）)”可知，爱丁堡艺穗节是在8月4日开始到8月25日结束。由此可知，8月1日至8月7日，游客可以参加爱丁堡国际艺术节和爱丁堡艺穗节。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Edinburgh International Festival (2 Aug. 2024 — 26 Aug. 2024)部分中的“Committed to virtuosity (精湛技巧) and originality, the International Festival presents some of the finest performers and bands from the worlds of dance, opera, music and theatre for three weeks in August.(国际艺术节致力于精湛的技艺和独创性，在8月的三个星期里，来自世界各地的舞蹈、歌剧、音乐和戏剧领域的一些最优秀的表演者和乐队将参加)”可知，爱丁堡国际艺术节是一个表演盛会，其中包括来自世界各地的舞蹈、歌剧、音乐和戏剧的表演。由此可知，参加爱丁堡国际艺术节的游客可以看歌剧。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Edinburgh Book Festival (10 Aug. 2024 — 25 Aug. 2024)部分中的“Edinburgh International Book Festival: the world-leading festival of words, literature, and ideas.(爱丁堡国际图书节：世界领先的文字、文学和思想的节日)”可知，爱丁堡国际图书节事世界领先的文字、文学和思想的节日。由此可知，对文学狂热的人来说爱丁堡国际图书节是最佳选择。故选C项。 B Spanish scientist Pilar Bosch has found a way to use bacteria (细菌) to repair 18th-century paintings. Bosch a microbiologist, tells Reuters she got the idea for the method while considering possibilities for a paper toward her doctoral degree. During this process, she discovered someone else’s paper that suggested bacteria can be used to restore artworks. At around the same time, Bosch learned that her mother was struggling to find a good method for restoring 18th-century paintings. The paintings, by Spanish artist Antonio Palomino, sat in Santos Juanes— one of the oldest churches in the city of Valencia. Bosch said her mother, Pilar Roig, noted how difficult the restoration process at the church was. One reason was the glue used to remove the paintings from the walls in the 1960s. The substance was nearly impossible to remove completely. “My mother had a very difficult problem to solve and I found a paper about bacteria used to clean frescoes in Italy,” Bosch said. A fresco is a kind of painting that often appears across a large wall. Bosch added she decided to write her doctoral paper on the same subject. That was more than ten years ago. Today, she gets to work with her mother on the church restoration (修复). They are using the bacteria method to remove glue from artworks. The $4.46 million project is being financed by local organizations. The process involves feeding small amounts of the glue — made from animal collagen (胶原) — to the bacteria. After a time, the bacteria begins to naturally produce enzymes to break down the glue. The mother-daughter team then mixes the bacteria with a natural algae (藻类)-based substance, called a gel, and places it onto the paintings. They say that after about three hours, the gel mixture is removed, leaving the paintings glue-free. 4. How did Bosch come up with the idea? A. From a news report. B. From a doctor’s interview. C. From someone else’s paper. D. From an art project poster. 5. What does “The substance” underlined in paragraph 4 refer to? A. A glue. B. A wall. C. A painting. D. A bacterium. 6. Who is providing funds for the church restoration project? A. The Spanish government. B. The local organizations. C. The mother-daughter team. D. The global artist community. 7. Which is the best title for the passage? A. 18th-century Artworks Discovered on Church Walls. B. Bacteria Show Amazing Promise in Artwork Creation. C. Churches Appeal for More Support in Art Restoration. D. Scientist Uses Bacteria to Repair 18th-century Artworks. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西班牙科学家Pilar Bosch如何通过细菌来修复18世纪画作，并介绍这种方法相比传统手段的优势及其应用情况。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Bosch, a microbiologist, tells Reuters she got the idea for the method while considering possibilities for a paper toward her doctoral degree. During this process, she discovered someone else’s paper that suggested bacteria can be used to restore artworks.(博斯是一名微生物学家，她告诉路透社，她在考虑写一篇博士论文的可能性时产生了这种方法的想法。在这个过程中，她发现了别人的论文，该论文认为细菌可以用来修复艺术品。)”可知，Bosch是从她读到的一篇研究论文中得到了基于细菌的修复方法的想法。故选C项。 【5题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线短语前的“One reason was the glue used to remove the paintings from the walls in the 1960s.(其中一个原因是20世纪60年代用来从墙上移除画作的胶水。)”可知，在划线单词前的句子中提到了20世纪60年代用来从墙上移除画作的胶水，结合下文的“The substance was nearly impossible to remove completely.(这种物质几乎不可能完全去除。)”可知，这种物质几乎不能完全去除，由此可知，该物质应指的是“胶水”，所以划线单词指的是“胶水”。故选A项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“The $4.46 million project is being financed by local organizations.(这个价值446万美元的项目由当地组织提供资金。)”可知，这个项目是由当地组织出资。故选B项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Spanish scientist Pilar Bosch has found a way to use bacteria to repair 18th-century paintings. (西班牙科学家Pilar Bosch发现了一种利用细菌修复18世纪画作的方法)”以及下文中介绍的该修复方法是如何发现的可知，文章主要说明了Bosch发现并使用细菌修复18世纪画作的方法，所以标题“科学家用细菌修复18世纪的艺术品”与本文讲述的内容吻合，且概括了本文的主题。故选D项。 C We all know how we use our senses every day: We might hear a dog barking or taste a crunchy apple. But what if hearing that dog barking also made you see the color blue? Or tasting that apple made you hear a soft musical sound? This could happen to someone with synesthesia. Synesthesia is a brain condition where the senses mix together. For a person with synesthesia (called a “synesthete”), seeing, hearing, or touching something can trigger (触发) another sense. There are many different types of synesthesia. For example, chromesthesia is when sounds are linked to colors, and grapheme— color synesthesia is when letters and numbers are linked to colors. There are many other variations too. So, why does this happen? What makes some people taste bananas when they listen to classical music? It might be in their genes. Nearly half of all synesthetes say that a close family member also has the same condition, suggesting that it might be a genetic trait (特质). One theory is that synesthesia happens because of a change in a gene responsible for removing unnecessary connections in the brain. When we grow, the brain naturally gets rid of some of these connections. But if a change occurs, some connections might stay, leading to this cross-wiring of senses. Recent studies have looked at how synesthesia may benefit those with the condition. Research has found that people with synesthesia often have exceptional memories. They may also have better senses: those with color-related synesthesia can tell different colors apart more easily, and those with touch-related synesthesia have a more sensitive touch. Additionally, synesthesia seems to happen more often in artists and poets, which suggests it might boost creativity. In the future, synesthesia may be helpful in curing diseases involved with our brains’ networking systems and aiding those with memory problems. It has been shown that synesthesia can be triggered by drugs, lack of sensory input, or hypnosis (催眠). More research could help us improve connections in the brain and boost memory. Synesthesia is leading to new discoveries about how our brains work! 8. Which is probably a specific example of synesthesia? A. Tasting tomatoes when eating a pizza. B. Seeing red when hearing the number 14. C. Remembering a friend when seeing a photo. D. Thinking of Shakespeare when reading Hamlet. 9. What can we learn from paragraph 2 and 3? A. Synesthesia often runs in the family. B. There are only two types of synesthesia. C. People will get rid of synesthesia as they age. D. Synesthesia is a product of active imagination. 10. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word in paragraph 3? A. Removal. B. Change. C. Mixing. D. Disconnection. 11. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. Synesthesia can help people connect with others. B. People can develop synesthesia with the help of drugs. C. Recent studies have made progress in treating synesthesia. D. Synesthesia will offer new insight in treating brain diseases. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是联觉的概念以及联觉产生的原因及其可能带来的好处。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“For a person with synesthesia (called a “synesthete”), seeing, hearing, or touching something can trigger (触发) another sense. There are many different types of synesthesia. For example, chromesthesia is when sounds are linked to colors, and grapheme— color synesthesia is when letters and numbers are linked to colors. (对于有联觉的人（称为“联觉者”）来说，看到、听到或触摸某些东西可以触发另一种感觉。有许多不同类型的联觉。例如，色觉是指声音与颜色联系在一起，而字母和数字与颜色联系在一起。)”可知，联觉是一种感觉混合在一起的大脑状态，是某种感觉可以触发另一种感觉，由此可知，听到数字14时看到红色，符合联觉的定义，即一种感官刺激（听觉）引起了另一种感官（视觉）的反应。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Nearly half of all synesthetes say that a close family member also has the same condition, suggesting that it might be a genetic trait (特质).(近一半的联觉者表示，他们的近亲也有同样的症状，这表明这可能是一种遗传特征。)”可知，联觉者表示他们的近亲有同样的症状，由此可知，联觉可能是一种遗传特征。故选A项。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线单词前的“When we grow, the brain naturally gets rid of some of these connections.(当我们长大后，大脑会自然地清除这些连接。)”可知，我们长大后，这些连接就会被清除，结合“But if a change occurs, some connections might stay…(但如果发生了变化，一些连接可能会保留下来……)”可知，要是上文提到的情况发生了改变，有些连接就被保留了下来，也就是没有被完全清除掉，因此而导致感觉们混合起来，由此可知，划线单词的意思应与“混合”意义相近。故选C项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据尾段“In the future, synesthesia may be helpful in curing diseases involved with our brains’ networking systems and aiding those with memory problems. (在未来，联觉可能有助于治疗与我们大脑网络系统有关的疾病，并帮助那些有记忆问题的人。)”以及“More research could help us improve connections in the brain and boost memory. (更多的研究可以帮助我们改善大脑的连接，提高记忆力。)”可知，未来联觉可能有助于治疗与大脑网络系统有关的疾病，提高记忆力，由此可知，最后一段主要介绍的是联觉将为治疗脑部疾病提供新的见解。故选D项。 D Mireille Silcoff loves to read, but her 12-year-old daughter does not share this passion. In a New York Times essay, Silcoff recounts her attempts to get her daughter to read, which eventually led her to offer a $100 bribe. She chose Jenny Han’s The Summer I Turned Pretty, a book tied to a TV series her daughter already loved. The deal was for her daughter to finish it within a month, but she completed it in just a week and even requested the sequel (续篇), which she read for “no extra charge.” Silcoff recognizes that young people today deal with stories differently but believes that books offer a unique experience. “You know when an author sums up a feeling you didn’t even know you’ve had, and a hundred lightbulbs go off on the top of your head?” she reflects, emphasizing that books allow readers to interact with the story in ways that screen adaptations cannot. Although it remains to be seen if her daughter has become a reader for life, Silcoff feels she has opened a new “quiet personal place” for her daughter in the world of literature, calling it the best money she ever spent. While I appreciate Ms. Silcoff’s desire to have her daughter experience the joys of reading, I seriously doubt that paying her daughter to read “worked.” While the money reward persuaded her daughter to read the book in the short term, it was unlikely to develop the motivation (动力) to read, which must feel like a choice and unpressured. Decades of research have shown that paying people to do things they love weakens their motivation afterwards, and paying them to complete tasks they do not enjoy keeps the motivation tied to rewards so that they are less likely to value the activity and choose to participate in it on their own. The belief in rewards as an effective motivator is a myth; other strategies are more likely to develop long-term motivation. Rewards are a simple fix that is likely to backfire. 12. How did Silcoff encourage her daughter to read? A. With money reward. B. With longer TV time. C. With free new books. D. With words of praise. 13. What did Silcoff imply in the underlined words in paragraph 2? A. Reading can take up much of your time and energy. B. Books can help prepare you for accidents in your life. C. Reading can bring sudden realization or understanding. D. TVs and films can provide a more inspiring experience. 14. Regarding Silcoff’s method, the author expresses concerns over __________. A. its moral principle B. its increasing cost C. its social influence D. its long-term effectiveness 15. Why does the author mention the “decades of research”? A. To highlight that motivation is closely tied to rewards. B. To emphasize that kids will read more under pressure. C. To suggest that paying kids to read is potentially useful. D. To stress that reading should be something kids choose to do. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一位热爱阅读的母亲Mireille Silcoff用现金奖励的办法试图激发女儿对阅读的热情，她的方法不仅反映了现代家庭中普遍存在的难题，也引发了关于如何有效培养孩子阅读习惯的深入思考。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据首段中的“In a New York Times essay, Silcoff recounts her attempts to get her daughter to read, which eventually led her to offer a $100 bribe. She chose Jenny Han’s The Summer I Turned Pretty, a book tied to a TV series her daughter already loved.(在《纽约时报》的一篇文章中，西尔科夫讲述了她试图让女儿读书的经历，最终她给了女儿100美元的奖励。)”可知，Silcoff为了鼓励女儿阅读，提出了以100美元作为奖励的提议。故选A项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线句子前的“Silcoff recognizes that young people today deal with stories differently but believes that books offer a unique experience.(西尔科夫认识到，如今的年轻人看待故事的方式有所不同，但他相信书籍提供了一种独特的体验。)”可知，Silcoff相信书籍给读者提供了一种独特的体验，结合““You know when an author sums up a feeling you didn’t even know you’ve had, and a hundred lightbulbs go off on the top of your head?”(你知道，当一个作家总结出一种你甚至不知道自己曾经有过的感觉时，你的脑海里突然亮起了一百个灯泡吗？)”可知，在作者总结出一种甚至不知道自己曾经有过的感觉时，会感觉脑海里亮起来一百个灯泡，也就是通过阅读，读者突然理解了以前自己不知道的事情，这是书籍给读者提供的一种独特的体验，由此可知，划线句子表明她认为阅读能够带来突如其来的领悟或理解。故选C项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“While the money reward persuaded her daughter to read the book in the short term, it was unlikely to develop the motivation (动力) to read, which must feel like a choice and unpressured.(虽然金钱奖励让她的女儿在短期内读完了这本书，但不太可能培养读书的动机，因为读书必须是一种选择，而且没有压力。)”可知，作者认为通过奖励能在短时间内读完这本书，但是不能培养读书的动机，结合第四段中的“Decades of research have shown that paying people to do things they love weakens their motivation afterwards, and paying them to complete tasks they do not enjoy keeps the motivation tied to rewards so that they are less likely to value the activity and choose to participate in it on their own.(几十年的研究表明，付钱让人们做他们喜欢的事情会削弱他们之后的动力，付钱让他们完成他们不喜欢的任务会让动机与奖励联系在一起，这样他们就不太可能重视这项活动，选择自己参与其中。)”可知，尽管金钱奖励可能在短期内促使孩子阅读，但它可能不会培养出持久的阅读兴趣，作者引用了多年的研究成果来支持这一观点，表明他担心这种方法的长期效果。故选D项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Decades of research have shown that paying people to do things they love weakens their motivation afterwards, and paying them to complete tasks they do not enjoy keeps the motivation tied to rewards so that they are less likely to value the activity and choose to participate in it on their own.(几十年的研究表明，付钱让人们做他们喜欢的事情会削弱他们之后的动力，付钱让他们完成他们不喜欢的任务会让动机与奖励联系在一起，这样他们就不太可能重视这项活动，选择自己参与其中。)”可知，作者提到数十年的研究是为了强调，给予奖励可能会削弱个人对活动本身的内在兴趣，这意味着阅读应该是一种出于个人选择的行为，而非迫于外部压力的结果，所以提到数十年的研究是为了强调阅读应该是孩子们选择去做事情。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How Your Brain Plays Tricks on You Your brain is capable of remarkable things. But your mind is far from perfect. Sometimes, it forgets key details, leading you to make mistakes. ____16____ Your mind likes to take shortcuts. Your brain can get lazy. When trying to solve a problem or making a decision, your mind often falls back on solutions that have worked in the past. Using shortcuts can be a useful approach when it allows you to make decisions quickly. ____17____ For example, plane crashes make you terrified of flying because your brain is using a mental shortcut to fool you into believing that flying is more dangerous. In reality, traveling by air is much safer than traveling by car. Your thinking is cheated by hidden biases. Sometimes you judge a person unfairly. For example, if a cafe worker gets your order wrong, you might decide that they are incompetent. Maybe they were just overwhelmed by orders. This is called attributional bias (归因偏见). ____18____ When it happens, you seek out information that confirms what you already believe, but ignore anything that opposes your beliefs. These cognitive biases can prevent you from thinking clearly and making wise decisions. They can even affect how you interact with the world. ____19____ Your brain is hard to take in every detail. It can be surprisingly easy to miss major changes. This is called change blindness. Change blindness might not seem like a huge problem, but research has shown that it can have major consequences. For example, people who control air traffic can make serious errors as a result of change blindness. Drivers are also vulnerable to change blindness, which can lead to accidents. Your brain likes to play the blame game. ____20____ In the process, we misunderstand reality to protect our self-esteem. For example: When you got badly sunburned, rather than acknowledging that you didn’t reapply sunscreen as often as you should have, you decide that the sunscreen itself must have been ineffective. Our brain do so to protect our self-esteem and guard us against the fear of failure. A. Your brain can be blind to change. B. Why do we engage in the blame game? C. Another bias that your brain falls prey to is confirmation bias. D. However, you can avoid some mistakes by learning more about it. E. When something bad happens, your brain tries to come up with a reason for it. F. But these mental shortcuts can also trip you up and cause you to make mistakes. G. With so much happening in the world, it can be hard for the brain to take in every detail. 【答案】16. D 17. F 18. C 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是大脑如何欺骗我们的几种情况，通过更多地对这些情况的了解来避免一些错误。 【16题详解】 根据上文的“Your brain is capable of remarkable things. But your mind is far from perfect. Sometimes, it forgets key details, leading you to make mistakes. (你的大脑有非凡的能力。但你的思维还远远不够完美。有时，它会忘记关键的细节，导致你犯错误)”可知，大脑是不完美的，有时会忘记关键细节导致你犯错，结合下文每段的主题句“Your mind likes to take shortcuts (你的大脑喜欢走捷径)”以及“Your thinking is cheated by hidden biases (你的想法被隐藏的偏见欺骗了)”和“Your brain likes to play the blame game (你的大脑喜欢推卸责任)”可知，下文中列举了几点大脑存在的一些问题，由此可知推断，此空应是承上启下的作用，D选项“However, you can avoid some mistakes by learning more about it. (然而，你可以通过更多地了解它来避免一些错误)”中的however为解题关键信息，承接上文中的“大脑是不完美的”与且为转折关系，并且引出下文讲述的大脑存在的不完美的问题，符合语境。故选D项。 【17题详解】 根据上文的“Using shortcuts can be a useful approach when it allows you to make decisions quickly. (当你能快速做出决定时，使用捷径是一种有用的方法)”可知，在快速做决定时，走捷径是有用的方法，结合下文中的“For example, plane crashes make you terrified of flying because your brain is using a mental shortcut to fool you into believing that flying is more dangerous. (例如，飞机失事让你害怕坐飞机，因为你的大脑在使用一条心理捷径来欺骗你，让你相信坐飞机更危险)”可知，此处列举了走捷径可能导致的问题，由此可推断，此空与空前内容为转折关系，所以需要一个过渡句，从讲述走捷径的好处转述到走捷径产生的问题上来，F选项“But these mental shortcuts can also trip you up and cause you to make mistakes. (但这些心理捷径也会让你陷入困境，导致你犯错误)”讲述的内容与空前内容为转折关系，且与空后列举的例子内容一致，且与本段的主题句“Your mind likes to take shortcuts (你的大脑喜欢走捷径)”内容吻合。故选F项。 【18题详解】 根据空前的“For example, if a cafe worker gets your order wrong, you might decide that they are incompetent. Maybe they were just overwhelmed by orders. This is called attributional bias (归因偏见). (例如，如果一个服务员把你点的菜弄错了，你可能会认为他们不称职。也许他们只是被命令压得喘不过气来。这被称为归因偏见)”可知，此处通过举例说明其中的一种偏见类型，结合空后的“When it happens, you seek out information that confirms what you already believe, but ignore anything that opposes your beliefs. (当这种情况发生时，你会寻找证实你已经相信的信息，而忽略任何与你的信念相反的信息)”可知，此处讲述的内容与空前内容不一致，由此可推断，此空讲述的应是另外一种偏见的类型，C选项“Another bias that your brain falls prey to is confirmation bias.(大脑容易受到的另一种偏见是确认偏见)”讲述的是确认偏见，与空后陈述的内容一致，且与本段的小标题“Your thinking is cheated by hidden biases (你的想法被隐藏的偏见欺骗了)”讲述的内容吻合。故选C项。 【19题详解】 分析语篇可知，此空作本段小标题，应对本段内容进行概括总结，结合下文“Your brain is hard to take in every detail. It can be surprisingly easy to miss major changes. This is called change blindness. Change blindness might not seem like a huge problem, but research has shown that it can have major consequences.(你的大脑很难记住每一个细节。很容易就会错过重大的变化。这被称为变化盲视。变化盲视似乎不是一个大问题，但研究表明，它可能会产生严重后果)”可知，此处讲述的是变化盲视，A选项“Your brain can be blind to change.(你的大脑可能对变化视而不见)”概括了本段讲述的内容，适合作本段小标题。故选A项。 【20题详解】 根据本段的小标题“Your brain likes to play the blame game.(你的大脑喜欢推卸责任)”可知，本段讲述的是大脑喜欢推卸责任，E选项“When something bad happens, your brain tries to come up with a reason for it. (当不好的事情发生时，你的大脑会试图想出一个原因)”讲述的内容是对本段主旨的进一步阐述，且与空后的“In the process, we misunderstand reality to protect our self-esteem. (在这个过程中，我们为了保护自己的自尊而误解了现实)”讲述的内容吻合，其中的“In the process”指的是该选项中讲述的内容，符合语境。故选E项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Lifeline I was headed downtown for a meeting, so I got the No. 2 train at 96th Street. When we pulled into 42nd Street, ____21____ flooded in. Among them was a middle-aged woman who stepped with a (n) ____22____ of confidence. She wore an orange shirt, a long light yellow skirt, and white high heels. On her way to a business meeting, I thought. I watched her ____23____ for a seat, only to end up in front of me. When she realized we were ____24____ each other, she moved past me. At that ____25____ moment, the train suddenly began to speed. I tried to grab the bar above my head but ____26____ it. As I felt myself falling backward, I noticed that the woman in the orange shirt was losing her ____27____ as well and searching for something to hold onto. Her arms did some windmills, and my right hand naturally reached out to hers like a ____28____ thrown in a stormy sea. She grabbed it ____29____ . While the train raced on, we held each other’s arm to keep our balance in a (n) _____30_____ fashion. I smiled at her, and she _____31_____ back. I could feel her pulse (脉搏) in her grasp. We remained like that _____32_____ the next stop, just like a couple. When the speed no longer _____33_____ to knock us over and the passengers had _____34_____ around the door, our hands parted in silent agreement. The door opened, and she disappeared, leaving me with the reminder that even in the chaos (混乱) of life, human _____35_____ can shine through in the most unexpected ways. 21. A. researchers B. riders C. engineers D. drivers 22. A. lack B. property C. air D. absence 23. A. looking around B. stepping back C. trying out D. setting off 24. A. seeing B. discovering C. judging D. facing 25. A. very B. usual C. previous D. rare 26. A. lost B. pushed C. detected D. missed 27. A. mind B. balance C. temper D. heart 28. A. warning B. sail C. lifeline D. baggage 29. A. gradually B. constantly C. potentially D. immediately 30. A. unsteady B. professional C. visible D. modern 31. A. smiled B. stretched C. swung D. switched 32. A. off B. until C. despite D. without 33. A. appealed B. failed C. threatened D. promised 34. A. wandered B. gathered C. fled D. encountered 35. A. imagination B. equality C. connection D. commitment 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者在去参加会议的列车上与一位女士由于火车突然提速而导致两人为保持身体平衡而手挽着手地到了下一站才分开，作者感悟到即使在生活的混乱中，人与人之间的联系也能以最意想不到的方式闪耀。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们到达第42街时，乘客们涌了进来。A. researchers研究者；B. riders乘客；C. engineers工程师；D. drivers司机。根据上文的“I was headed downtown for a meeting, so I got the No. 2 train at 96th Street.”可知，作者是乘车去参加会议，结合“When we pulled into 42nd Street”可知，车到了42街时，应该是“乘客们”涌进车。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们中间有一位中年女士，她走起路来给人一种自信的感觉。A. lack缺乏；B. property所有物；C. air感觉；D. absence缺席。根据下文的“She wore an orange shirt, a long light yellow skirt, and white high heels.”可知，此处是对这位中年妇女的描述，结合confidence可知，此处应表示“一种自信的感觉”，an air of意为“一种……的感觉”符合语境。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我看着她四处寻找座位，结果却坐在了我面前。A. looking around环顾；B. stepping back退后；C. trying out尝试；D. setting off出发。根据下文的“only to end up in front of me.”可知，她就坐在我的面前，由此可知，此处指的是她“环顾周围”寻找座位，符合语境。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她意识到我们面对面时，她往一侧动了动。A. seeing看见；B. discovering发现；C. judging判断；D. facing面对。根据上文的“I watched her ____3____ for a seat, only to end up in front of me.”可知，她坐在我的面前，由此可知，此处指的是“面对”着作者。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在那一刻，火车突然开始加速。A. very正是的，恰好的；B. usual寻常的；C. previous以前的；D. rare稀有的。根据上文的“she moved past me.”以及下文的“the train suddenly began to speed.”可知，就是在她移动的时候，火车突然加速，由此可推断，此处指的是“恰好”在那时刻，符合语境。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试图抓住头顶上的栏杆，但没抓住。A. lost丢失；B. pushed推；C. detected探测；D. missed错过。根据上文的“I tried to grab the bar above my head”可知，作者试图抓住头顶上的栏杆，结合but可知，此处指的是没有抓住，所以此处使用“错过”符合语境。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我感到自己向后倒的时候，我注意到那个穿橙色衬衫的女人也失去了平衡，正在寻找可以抓住的东西。A. mind头脑；B. balance平衡；C. temper脾气；D. heart心脏。根据上文的“As I felt myself falling backward”可知，作者身体后仰，由此可知，作者失去了平衡，结合空后的“as well”以及“and searching for something to hold onto.”可知，那位女士也在寻找可以抓住的东西，由此可知，此处指的是那位女士也失去了“平衡”符合语境。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的手臂像风车一样转动着，我的右手自然地伸出来，就像在暴风雨的大海中伸出的救生索一样。A. warning警告；B. sail船帆；C. lifeline救生索；D. baggage行李。根据语境和文章的标题“Lifeline”以及上文的“and searching for something to hold onto.”和下文的“thrown in a stormy sea.”可知，在形势危急的时候，她在寻找可以抓住的东西，而作者的手臂伸出去，就像暴风雨的大海中伸出的救生索一样。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她立刻抓住了它。A. gradually逐渐地；B. constantly始终；C. potentially可能地；D. immediately立刻，马上。根据上文的“and searching for something to hold onto.”以及“Her arms did some windmills, and my right hand naturally reached out to hers like a ____8____ thrown in a stormy sea.”可知，她在寻找可以抓住的东西，在形势危急的时候，作者伸出去的手臂对她来说就像是暴风雨的大海中伸出的救生索一样，所以她应该是“马上”抓住，符合语境。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当火车飞驰时，我们互相挽着对方的胳膊，以一种不稳定的方式保持身体平衡。A. unsteady不稳定的；B. professional职业的；C. visible看得见的；D. modern现代的。根据上文的“While the train raced on, we held each other’s arm to keep our balance”可知，在火车飞驰的时候，作者与那位女士相互挽着胳膊，应该是以一种“不稳定的”方式保持着平衡。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对她微笑，她也对我微笑。A. smiled微笑；B. stretched伸展；C. swung摇摆；D. switched转换。根据上文的“I smiled at her”和下文的“back”可知，作者朝她微笑，所以她应该对作者“微笑”符合语境。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：我们就这样一直呆到下一站，就像一对情侣。A. off离开；B. until直到……为止；C. despite尽管；D. without没有。根据语境和上文的“We remained like that”以及下文的“the next stop”可知，作者与那位女士保持着那样的姿势一直到了下一站。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当速度不再有把我们弄翻的危险，乘客们都聚集在门口时，我们的手默默地分开，表示同意。A. appealed呼吁；B. failed失败；C. threatened威胁；D. promised承诺。根据上文的“We remained like that ____12____ the next stop”以及“When the speed no longer”和下文的“to knock us over”可知，火车快到站的时候，应该速度会慢下来，所以此处指的是火车的速度不再可以把作者与那位女弄翻的时候，也就是速度不会“威胁”到作者她们两个的时候。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当速度不再有把我们撞倒的危险，乘客们都聚集在门口时，我们的手默默地分开，表示同意。A. wandered徘徊；B. gathered聚集；C. fled逃走；D. encountered偶遇。根据常识和上文的“When the speed no longer ____13____ to knock us over”可知，火车快到站时，速度才会慢下来，结合下文的“The door opened”可知，火车到站，人们会聚集在门口。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：门开了，她消失了，这提醒我，即使在生活的混乱中，人与人之间的联系也能以最意想不到的方式闪耀。A. imagination想象；B. equality平等；C. connection联系；D. commitment忠诚。根据语境以及上文的“Among them was a middle-aged woman who stepped with a (n) ____2____ of confidence.”和“While the train raced on, we held each other’s arm to keep our balance in a (n) ____10____ fashion.”可知，作者在去参加会议的列车上遇到一位陌生女士，由于火车突然提速，导致两个人为保持平衡手挽手地一直到下一站，从而将两个陌生人建立起联系，由此可知推断，此处指的是人与人之间的“联系”以最意想不到的方式闪耀。故选C项。 第Ⅱ卷 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Fancy some steamed buns or sandwiches ____36____ (beat) the sense of hunger when hiking on the Great Wall? Gone are the days of a 50-minute walk — now, drones (无人机) have got us covered, ____37____ (shorten) the journey to a mere 5 minutes. Operating in the South Nine Towers area of Badaling, the service promises delivery by drones within 5 to 15 minutes. The South Nine Towers area, ____38____ opened to the public at the end of last year, is ____39____ less commercialized, rocky section of the Great Wall. It preserves the Wall’s ____40____ (history) charm while accommodating activities such as hiking and photography. The drone delivery fee is just 4 yuan (56 cents), the same as regular deliveries. The service will take ____41____ (order) from 10 am to 4 pm, after which the drones ____42____ (task) with carrying trash to recycling stations. It’s the capital’s first drone service, adding ____43____ a fast-growing drone delivery business across China, which is the world’s largest producer and ____44____ (export) of civilian consumer drones. The industry has brought convenience to people living in both cities and hard-to-reach rural areas. In addition to boosting rural delivery service, drones are also _____45_____ (increasing) used to fetch quick takeout for people living in China’s large cities. 【答案】36. to beat 37. shortening 38. which 39. a 40. historical##historic 41. orders 42. will be tasked 43. to 44. exporter 45. increasingly 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了八达岭长城开通北京首条常态化无人机配送航线，无人机配送从起飞到配送降落最快仅需5分钟。游客在游览该区域时可以点外卖，解决饮用水、简餐、防暑和应急药品等需求。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在长城徒步旅行时，想吃点馒头或三明治来打发饥饿感吗？此处beat在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to beat。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：步行50分钟的日子已经一去不复返了，现在，无人机为我们提供了掩护，将旅程缩短到仅仅5分钟。此处shorten与drones构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填shortening。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：南九城楼于去年年底向公众开放，是长城上不太商业化的岩石部分。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The South Nine Towers are，在从句作主语，指物。故填which。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：南九城楼于去年年底向公众开放，是长城上不太商业化的岩石部分。此处section为泛指，且less是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它保留了长城的历史魅力，同时也为远足和摄影等活动提供了便利。修饰名词charm应用形容词historical/ historic，作定语。故填historical/ historic。 【41题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：这项服务将从上午10点到下午4点接受订单，之后无人机将负责将垃圾运送到回收站。order为可数名词，前文没有冠词表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填orders。 【42题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：这项服务将从上午10点到下午4点接受订单，之后无人机将负责将垃圾运送到回收站。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文The service will take可知此处表示将来的动作为一般将来时的被动语态，故填will be tasked。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：这是首都的第一个无人机服务，增加了中国快速增长的无人机送货业务，中国是世界上最大的民用消费无人机生产国和出口国。短语add to表示“增加”。故填to。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：这是首都的第一个无人机服务，增加了中国快速增长的无人机送货业务，中国是世界上最大的民用消费无人机生产国和出口国。表示“出口国”应用名词exporter，此处指中国应用单数作表语。故填exporter。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：除了推动农村快递服务，无人机也越来越多地用于为居住在中国大城市的人们提供快速外卖。修饰动词use应用副词increasingly，故填increasingly。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 近日，你校英语社举行了一场以“人工智能是否能创造艺术”为题的辩论，请你写一篇新闻稿，为校英语报报道此事，内容包括： 1. 辩论过程； 2. 辩论结果； 3. 活动影响。 参考词汇：正方 the affirmative team, 反方 the negative team 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Can AI create art? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version Can AI create art? Recently, the English Society at our school hosted a lively debate on the topic, “Can artificial intelligence create art?” The event drew an enthusiastic audience of around 600 students. The affirmative team argued that AI can generate innovative and valuable artwork through algorithms and data analysis. The negative team, however, contended that true art requires human emotion, soul, experience, and intention, which AI lacks. After a heated exchange and Q&A session, the judges declared the negative team the winner due to their strong reasoning and persuasive delivery. The debate sparked interest in AI and creativity, encouraging students to think critically about technology’s role in art and life. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于报道。要求考生根据给定的背景信息，撰写一篇关于学校英语社举行的“人工智能是否能创造艺术”辩论活动的新闻稿，内容包括辩论过程、辩论结果和活动影响。 【详解】1.词汇积累 最近：recently → lately   举办：host → hold 吸引：draw → attract 需要：require → need 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：After a heated exchange and Q&A session, the judges declared the negative team the winner due to their strong reasoning and persuasive delivery. 拓展句：After a heated exchange and Q&A session, the judges declared that the negative team was the winner due to their strong reasoning and persuasive delivery. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The affirmative team argued that AI can generate innovative and valuable artwork through algorithms and data analysis. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】The negative team, however, contended that true art requires human emotion, soul, experience, and intention, which AI lacks.(运用了that引导宾语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Perfectly Pan-fried Tofu The familiar smell of garlic, soy sauce, and onion filled the air as I opened my lunch bag to see what my mom had packed for me. On any other occasion, I would have been delighted to eat my mom’s braised (炖) pan-fried tofu: a Korean dish that I often ate for dinner. But not today, the day a nice girl had invited me, the new girl at school, to sit with her friends during lunch. “Charis over here!” My new friend was waving her arms, trying to get my attention. As I prepared to walk over to the table, memories of elementary and middle school lunch times came back to me. I remembered my embarrassment as my friends would hold their noses, or simply run away from me when I brought homemade Korean food. I remembered how my embarrassment shifted to anger when I complained about the smell to my mom. I had argued with my mom that I wanted “normal” food for lunch. I remembered the look on my mom’s face, a mix between disappointment and confusion. But I was determined and she gave in because she worried about my making new friends every time we moved. So for the remainder of middle school, my mom packed smell-less, non-Korean food like ham and cheese sandwiches. However, that day, she was in a rush to get to her new job and packed me leftovers from dinner. As soon as I got to my new lunch table, I tried to sneak my brightly colored lunch bag down under my seat before anyone noticed the strong smell. I looked up to see the other girls at the table, opening their normal American lunches— from cheese sandwiches to chicken salad tortilla wraps (鸡肉沙拉卷饼) to waffles and fresh fruit sandwiches, everything just looked so normal and so American. I sat quietly, trying not to be noticed when Katrina, my new friend, asked where my food was. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “I’m not really hungry,” I replied in a weak voice. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ It took me a second to recognize that my foreign, Korean food was not being rejected. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version “I’m not really hungry,” I replied in a weak voice. But Katrina had already seen me carry my lunch so she called out, “Then, I’ll eat it!” The other girls laughed. I didn’t want to be rude to my potential new friends, so I reluctantly dragged out my lunch bag and unzipped it. The moment I partially lifted the lid, a strong smell floating in the air, the girls curiously gazed at the container. I expected an “Ew” or a “What is that?” I expected them to turn away — and turn me away. What I did not expect was for Katrina to instantly grab a small piece of tofu and eat it eagerly. Most certainly, I did not expect her to encourage the rest of the table to try my lunch. It took me a second to recognize that my foreign, Korean food was not being rejected. In fact, it had become a source of personal pride. My new friends were going on about how lucky I was that my mom took the time to prepare a cooked meal for me. They were fascinated by the fact that tofu could actually taste good. As we chatted and shared stories, we ended up exchanging our lunches, and I received quite a few bites of their American food. While I didn’t get to eat any of my mom’s pan-fried tofu, I was full of pride and gratitude. When I arrived home and my mom asked about the lunch with a wave of guilt and uncertainty in her tone, I brightly flashed her a smile, “Mom, it was perfect!” I was moved to realize that mom’ s cooking had not only nourished me but also helped me strengthen connections. 【解析】 【导语】本文以作者的午餐为线索展开，讲述作者害怕自己的午餐像从前那样让新朋友Katrina觉得难闻，因此不敢在她面前打开饭盒，并谎称自己不太饿，Katrina提出她想吃作者的午餐，作者最终打开饭盒，里面的饭菜让Katrina和同学们好奇。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容““我不是真的饿，”我用微弱的声音回答。”可知，第一段可描写Katrina听到我的话后做出什么反应，结合第二段的提示内容，本部分要提到Katrina发现了作者带来的午餐并很喜欢。 ②由第二段首句内容“我花了一秒钟的时间才意识到，我的外国、韩国食物并没有被拒绝。”可知，第二段可描写作者告诉Katrina及其他的同学午饭是妈妈给做的，好朋友们知道实情后的感受，以及作者回家告知妈妈这件事情和作者自己的感受。 2.续写线索：隐瞒午餐——Katrina发现——大家喜欢作者的午餐——感到自豪——和妈妈分享这段经历——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①大喊：called out/cry out/shout ②取出：drag out/draw out/take out ③抓住：grab/seize/catch/grasp 情绪类 ①感激：gratitude /be grateful ②感动：moved/touched 【点睛】[高分句型1] The moment I partially lifted the lid, a strong smell floating in the air, the girls curiously gazed at the container.（运用了the moment引导的时间状语从句以及独立主格结构） [高分句型2] What I did not expect was for Katrina to instantly grab a small piece of tofu and eat it eagerly.（运用了what引导的主语从句） [高分句型3] They were fascinated by the fact that tofu could actually taste good.（运用了that引导的同位语从句） 听力1-5 CAACB 6-10 CBACA 11-15 BABAC 16-20 ABCBC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$