专题17 阅读理解（知识梳理+考点精讲精练+实战训练）-【学考复习】2025年高中英语学业水平合格性考试总复习（全国通用，春季高考适用）

专题17 阅读理解 目录 明晰学考要求 1 基础知识梳理 1 考点精讲讲练 2 考点一：细节理解题 2 考点二：推理判断题 3 考点三：词义猜测题 4 考点四：主旨大意题 5 实战能力训练 13 1. 熟练语篇类型和语篇结构 2. 明确命题规律和提问方式 3. 掌握不同题型的解题方法 （一）整体理解 题型多样且关联紧密：阅读理解包含细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题等多种题型，它们从不同角度考查考生对语篇的理解能力，且各题型之间存在一定关联，比如准确理解细节有助于把握文章主旨，而主旨大意又能为推理判断等提供方向。 能力综合要求高：不仅需要考生具备词汇、语法等基础知识，还要求能运用各种阅读技巧，如略读、寻读，准确把握语篇结构、命题规律，根据不同题型特点灵活运用相应解题方法，同时要善于进行语义转换和逻辑推理。 （二）重点关注方向 信息精准定位与比对：对于细节理解题，无论是直接信息题还是间接信息题，关键在于能依据题干准确提取关键词，快速在文中定位相关信息，并仔细比对选项与原文细节，注意同义替换、信息归纳等正确选项特征以及张冠李戴、无中生有等干扰选项特征。 推理判断依据：推理判断题要严格依据阅读材料所提供信息进行推断，关注作者的用词、语气以及文章的主旨，区分不同类型的推理判断题（如细节推理、观点态度推理、写作意图推理），明确各类型的解题要点和常见命题方式。 词义猜测技巧运用：掌握多种词义猜测技巧，如根据定义或上下文解释、同位关系、构词法、因果关系、指代关系、同义或近义关系、转折或对比关系等进行合理推测，同时要结合文章语境准确判断词义。 主旨大意提炼：针对主旨大意题的不同类型（标题归纳题、文章大意题、段落大意题），要理解标题特点，掌握确定文章标题的方法，学会通过找主题句（利用转折词、首段疑问句、重复观点等小窍门）或归纳段落逻辑结构等方式来提炼文章及段落的主旨大意。 （一）细节理解题 题型特点： 设问方式多样：包括特殊疑问句形式（以 when, where, what 等疑问词引出）、判断是非形式（含 TRUE/FALSE 等）、以 “According to...” 开头的提问形式以及填空形式。 正确选项特征： 同义替换（关键词、词性、语态等变换）、信息归纳、正话反说、原文原词。 同义替换 指对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换。如把lose one's job换成了be out of work。有些细节理解题把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，如把important变换成of importance；改变原文中句子的语态，如主动语态与被动语态的转换。 信息归纳 用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，设置为正确答案。 正话反说 把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。 原文原词 利用原文原词作为正确选项。 干扰选项特征：张冠李戴、无中生有、曲解文意、颠倒是非、正误参半。 张冠李戴 是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容。 无中生有 符合常识，但不是文章的内容。 曲解文意 与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动。 颠倒是非 在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反。 正误参半 部分正确，部分错误。 解题方法： 直接信息题：采用 “关键词定位法”，先从题干中提取名词、动词、数词等关键词，然后运用略读及寻读技巧在文中定位相关信息，最后比对选项与原文细节确定答案。 1. 依据题干信息，择定位关键词 细节理解直接信息题一般是对文章局部内容的考查,且题目相对简单,所以,不必通篇细读全文,可先通过题干信息来选择定位关键词。关键词主要是题干中的名词、动词和数词,即问题的核心信息 2. 依据关键词,回原文定位信息进行比对 确定了定位关键词后,运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与题于有关的关键词,回到原文进行信息定位,然后将选项内容与原文信息比对,得出正确答案。 间接信息题：命题隐蔽性强，需将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义转换、加工或整理，再比对选项确定答案。 相比直接信息题，命题的隐蔽性更强，正确选项一般都会在原文基础上进行改造。此类题目需要考生将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，有时还需要进一步的加工或整理。 概括、归纳信息题：依据题干找到文中相应信息区间，用自己的语言归纳总结文中信息，然后挑选与归纳内容最接近的选项作为答案。 是指命题人用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，这是命题人设计细节理解题的正确选项时经常使用的手段之一。考生首先应依据题干指向，找到文中相应的信息区间，然后尝试用自己的语言去归纳总结文中的信息或事实，然后再看选项，挑选出和自己所归纳总结的信息最接近的选项作为正确答案。 （二）推理判断题 题型分类及特点： 细节推理判断题：要求根据语篇内容推断具体细节，常借助短文提供信息或生活常识进行推理，注意题干中常用的如 infer、indicate 等动词。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： It can be inferred from the text that ________. Compared with other similar products, the new design ________. It can be concluded from the passage that ________. The writer/author indicates/suggests/implies that ________. 观点、态度推理判断题： 文章的观点或结论推理判断题：推测文中某一观点需把握全文中心思想，因为次要观点支撑主要论点。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： ·What is the author’s opinion on ...? ·What does the author think about ...? ·From the passage we can conclude that ________. 作者态度、语气推理判断题：通过作者措词、感情色彩判断，常见褒义词、贬义词、中性词等表述。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： ·The attitude of the author towards somebody/something is ________. ·The author’s attitude towards ...can be best described as ________. ·The tone of this passage is best described as ________. 写作意图推理判断题：揣测作者写作意图及运用写作手法的目的，要求考生理解文章大意并能归纳总结、分析作者阐述问题的方法。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： The main purpose of this text is ________. What’s the author’s purpose in writing this article? It can be concluded that the passage is mainly written for ________. The author writes this passage to ________. The author in this passage intends to ________. 解题要点：严格按阅读材料信息推断，避免掺杂个人经验等；注意选项是否为材料简单重复而非推断结论；关注文中虚拟语气和情态动词；客观对待作者叙述事实，避免主观推断；甄别细节是否与原文相符。 （三）词义猜测题 考查内容：对单词、短语或句子意义的推断，包括生词、熟词新义以及替代词所替代内容的判断，需根据短文语境推测。 猜词技巧： 根据定义或上下文解释猜测：利用逗号、破折号、括号等后的解释判断词义。 根据同位关系猜测：通过紧跟难词后的同位语解释来猜测词义。 根据构词法猜测：依据前缀、后缀、派生等构词知识推测词义。 根据因果关系猜测：根据原因预测结果或由结果找出原因来确定词义。 根据上下文的指代关系猜测：明确文章中代词指代的人或物，有时需总结前文内容得出指代对象。 根据同义或近义关系猜测：利用同句、同段或同篇文章中意思相同或相近的词来猜测词义。 根据转折或对比关系猜测：依据上下句连接词（如 but、however 等）判断逻辑关系，从而确定词义。 （四）主旨大意题 题型分类及设问方式： 标题归纳题：常见设问如 “The best title of the passage is...” 等，要求选出能准确概括文章主旨且具概括性、针对性、醒目性的标题。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： The best title of the passage is ________. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? What would be the best title for the passage? ·The most appropriate title of the passage is ______. 文章大意题：常见设问如 “What's the main idea/point of the passage?” 等，需通过找主题句（利用转折词、首段疑问句、重复观点等方法）或归纳段落中心思想来确定文章整体中心思想。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： What's the main idea/point of the passage? ·The passage is mainly about ________. ·The passage is mainly concerned about ________. ·Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage? 段落大意题：常见设问如 “What does the author tell us in Paragraph...?” 等，可通过概括段落逻辑结构（总分、分总、分总分等）或揣摩作者暗示来归纳段落大意。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： What does the author tell us in Paragraph ...? The main idea of the second paragraph probably is ________. The first paragraph is mainly about ________. Which of the following can best summarize Para.1? What is the first paragraph mainly about? 解题要点：理解标题特点，掌握确定文章标题的正面肯定法、反面否定法、研读备选项本身等方法；学会运用浏览法快速找到主题句；准确概括段落逻辑结构以归纳段落大意。 例题精练，举一反三 （一）细节理解题示例 A The Biggest Stadiums in the World People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 8 A.Q., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world's best known stadium are continues to inform contemporary design. Rome’s Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people. These days, safety regulations-not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat-tend to keep stadium capacities（容量）slightly lower. Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match. For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites. All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport. •Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang, D.P.R-Korea. Capacity. 150,000. Opened. May 1,1989. •Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened. October 1, 1927. •Beaver Stadium, State College, Pennsylvania, U.S. Capacity: 106,572. Opened: September 17, 1960. •Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: October 7, 1922. •Kyle Field, College Station, Texas, U.S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened: September 24,1927. 21. How many people could the Circus Maximus hold? A.104,944. B. 107,601. C. About 150,000. D. About 250,000. 22. Of the following stadiums, which is the oldest? A. Michigan Stadium. B. Beaver Stadium. C. Ohio Stadium. D. Kyle Field. 21 题 选 D 根据文中第一段最后一句 “However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people.”，明确指出 Circus Maximus 能容纳大约 250,000 人，题干问其容纳人数，所以选 D，属于直接细节理解题。 22 题 选 C 文中给出 Michigan Stadium 开放于 1927 年 10 月 1 日；Beaver Stadium 开放于 1960 年 9 月 17 日；Ohio Stadium 开放于 1922 年 10 月 7 日；Kyle Field 开放于 1927 年 9 月 24 日，对比各体育场开放时间可知 Ohio Stadium 最早，题目问最古老的体育场，所以选 C，属于直接细节理解题。 B Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in vitamin C. … 24．What does the author seem to like about cherries? A．They contain protein. B．They are high in vitamin A. C．They have a pleasant taste. D．They are rich in antioxidants. 选 C 根据该段最后一句 “As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in vitamin C．” 可知，原文中的 they are so delicious 被替换成选项中的 They have a pleasant taste，为间接细节理解题。所以选 C。 C At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that. … 30．How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present? A．About 6,800.　　　 B．About 3,400. C．About 2,400. D．About 1,200. 选 B 文中提到 “The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.”，全世界语言数量约 6800 种，一半语言使用人数少于中位数 6000 人，经计算大约 3400 种语言使用人数少于 6000 人，根据此内容可得出答案，属于直接细节理解题，所以选 B。 （二）推理判断题示例 D We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (装置) well after they go out of style. That's bad news for the environment — and our wallets — as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things. … 32．What does the author think of new devices? A．They are environment­friendly. B．They are no better than the old. C．They cost more to use at home. D．They go out of style quickly. 选 A 文中说 “a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (装置) well after they go out of style. That's bad news for the environment — and our wallets — as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.”，指出旧设备过时后还在使用且比新设备耗能多，由此可推断出新设备更环保，通过对新旧设备耗能情况对比分析得出结论，属于推理判断题，所以选 A。 E We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence. … 32．What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph? A．Addiction to smartphones. B．Inappropriate behaviours in public places. C．Absence of communication between strangers. D．Impatience with slow service. 选 C 第一段描述了在电梯、银行排队或者飞机上，人们都专注于自己的智能手机或者忍受着尴尬的沉默，体现出陌生人之间缺乏交流的现象，通过对所描述场景的归纳总结得出结论，属于推理判断题，所以选 C。 F [1]Many of us love July because it's the month when nature's berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels from British Columbia's fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection. [2]Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in vitamin C. [3]When combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”. For this purpose, select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer. [4]If you have a_juicer,_you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft­serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children's party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below. 27．From which is the text probably taken? A．A biology textbook.　 B．A health magazine. C．A research paper. D．A travel brochure. 选 B 文章先是介绍了各种浆果富含的营养成分，接着讲了用香蕉等制作健康的甜品，整体内容围绕食物的营养以及相关健康吃法，从内容主题角度判断其出处，属于推理判断题，所以最有可能出自健康杂志，选 B。 （三）词义猜测题示例 G Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation­state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. 29．Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2? A．Complex.　　 　 　 B．Advanced. C．Powerful. D．Modern. 选 C 文中提到 “...all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.”，很多语言消失了，而像英语、西班牙语、汉语这些语言正在逐渐占据主导地位，这里 “dominant” 意思是有强大影响力、占优势的，“Powerful” 与之意思相近，通过对上下文语义及词语含义的理解来判断词义，属于词义猜测题，所以选 C。 H I am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem cell courier. Since March 2012, I've done 89 trips — of those, 51 have been abroad. I have 42 hours to carry stem cells (干细胞) in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long they last. In all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor (捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we've got 72 hours at most. So I am always conscious of time. 29．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph 1? A．provider B．delivery man C．collector D．medical doctor 选 B 文中 “I've done 89 trips — of those, 51 have been abroad. I have 42 hours to carry stem cells (干细胞) in my little box...” 表明 “我” 要带着干细胞到处跑，也就是负责运送干细胞，“courier” 在这里相当于 “delivery man（送货员、传递者）”，通过对句子描述行为的分析来猜测词义，属于词义猜测题，所以选 B。 I [2]Despite the celebrations, though, in the U．S.the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations. [3]It's Jason Moran's job to help change that.As the Kennedy Center's artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture. … 29．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Jazz becoming more accessible. B．The production of jazz growing faster. C．Jazz being less popular with the young. D．The jazz audience becoming larger. 选 C 文中提到 “Despite the celebrations, though, in the U．S.the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations. It's Jason Moran's job to help change that.”，that 指代前面提到的爵士乐不受年轻人欢迎、观众减少变老的情况，通过对前后文指代关系的分析来确定词义，属于词义猜测题，所以选 C。 （四）主旨大意题示例 J Good Morning Britain's Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role — showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget. In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under ￡5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she's been able to put a lot of what she's learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11. “We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant，” she explains. “I pay ￡5 for a portion (一份), but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we're not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.” The eight­part series (系列节目), Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV's Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market. With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonight's Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family's long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes. 27．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Keeping Fit by Eating Smart B．Balancing Our Daily Diet C．Making Yourself a Perfect Chef D．Cooking Well for Less 选 D 文章围绕 Susanna Reid 在节目中教大家如何在预算紧张的情况下准备美味又营养的饭菜展开，重点强调用较少的钱做出好的食物，“Cooking Well for Less” 能很好地概括这一主旨，通过对文章整体内容核心的提炼来确定标题，属于主旨大意题，所以选 D。 K Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter­gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them. Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation­state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that. Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question­mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival. 31．What is the main idea of the text? A．New languages will be created. B．People's lifestyles are reflected in languages. C．Human development results in fewer languages. D．Geography determines language evolution. 选 C 文章先是回顾过去语言数量众多，然后阐述随着人类发展，如人们从狩猎采集转为农耕、贸易、工业化、国家发展、全球化等因素，导致很多语言消失，现在语言数量变少，整体体现了人类发展使语言数量减少这一核心内容，通过对文章整体行文脉络及核心观点的梳理总结得出主旨，属于主旨大意题，所以选 C。 L Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year. The vehicle — named the Transition — has two seats, four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car. The Transition, which flew at 1,400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air. It flies using a 23­gallon tank of gas and burns 5 gallons per hour in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gallon. … 28．What is the first paragraph mainly about? A．The basic data of the Transition. B．The advantages of flying cars. C．The potential market for flying cars. D．The designers of the Transition. 选 A 第一段主要介绍了 Terrafugia 公司新飞行汽车 Transition 的相关基本数据，比如座位数、轮子数、飞行高度、飞行时长、不同状态下的速度、油耗等信息，通过对段落内容描述对象及具体内容的归纳概括，可知是在介绍基本数据，属于主旨大意题，所以选 A。 记叙文部分（A-E） A （2024高二下·湖南·学业考试）14-year-old Leanne Fan from San Diego, California, was named the grand prize winner of the 2022 3M Young Scientist Challenge, the nation’s top middle school science competition. Leanne Fan developed the Finsen Headphones, a low-cost headphone device that uses machine learning and blue light therapy (疗法) to detect and treat mid-ear infections (感染) in children — potentially preventing up to 60% of hearing loss in children. The world sees 700 million cases of mid-ear infections every year. Fan hopes that this can be an effective and low-cost treatment option for the thousands who are affected. Fan was inspired to create the headphones three years ago while learning about Niels Finsen, who won the Nobel Prize in 1903 after inventing light therapy to treat bacterial (细菌的) infections. “I thought, ‘This is an amazing idea, and I can apply it to something else in my daily life,’” Fan said. Fan took home the top prize, earning the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” and $25,000. She is planning to use some of the prize money to start the patent process for the headphones. Fan is optimistic that the Finsen Headphones will be able to help people in the near future. “Being part of the 3M Young Scientist Challenge was absolutely the best part of my year,” Fan said. “I could meet scientists that are my age and going for their dreams too, and made some friends.” She hopes to inspire other girls who want to become inventors. “Even a small idea can go far,” she said. “I had an idea to use blue light to kill bacteria and three years later, I’m here.” 1．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．The cost of the headphone device. B．The process of blue light therapy. C．The description of the headphones. D．The cases of mid-ear infections. 2．What inspired Leanne Fan to create the headphones? A．Her own daily life. B．Her desire for the Nobel Prize. C．The facts of bacterial infections. D．Niels Finsen’s invention of light therapy. 3．Which of the following can best describe Fan? A．Outgoing. B．Patient. C．Creative. D．Hardworking. 4．What can we learn from Fan’s story? A．Even a small idea can go far. B．Many hands make light work. C．Roses given, fragrance in hand. D．Actions speak louder than words. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了一位来自加州的14岁女孩Leanne Fan在2022年3M青年科学家挑战赛中荣获大奖，她发明的芬森耳机使用机器学习和蓝光疗法来检测和治疗儿童中耳炎，有望预防高达60%的儿童听力损失。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Leanne Fan developed the Finsen Headphones, a low-cost headphone device that uses machine learning and blue light therapy (疗法) to detect and treat mid-ear infections (感染) in children(Leanne Fan开发了Finsen耳机，这是一种低成本的耳机设备，使用机器学习和蓝光疗法来检测和治疗儿童中耳感染)”可知，第二段主要描述了Fan发明的Finsen Headphones的特点和功能，因此，该段主要是描述这款耳机。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Fan was inspired to create the headphones three years ago while learning about Niels Finsen, who won the Nobel Prize in 1903 after inventing light therapy to treat bacterial (细菌的) infections.( 三年前，Fan在了解Niels Finsen时受到启发，他发明了治疗细菌感染的光疗，于1903年获得诺贝尔奖。)”以及本段中“This is an amazing idea, and I can apply it to something else in my daily life(这是一个神奇的想法，我可以把它应用到我日常生活中的其他事情上)”可知，Fan在了解Niels Finsen用光疗治疗细菌感染并获得诺贝尔奖后，想到了将这一理念应用到她的日常生活中，从而发明了耳机。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Leanne Fan developed the Finsen Headphones, a low-cost headphone device that uses machine learning and blue light therapy (疗法) to detect and treat mid-ear infections (感染) in children(Leanne Fan开发了Finsen耳机，这是一种低成本的耳机设备，使用机器学习和蓝光疗法来检测和治疗儿童中耳感染)”可知，Fan是一个有创造力的人，她开发了使用机器学习和蓝光疗法来检测和治疗中耳炎的耳机。这表明她具有创新思维和解决问题的能力，因此最能描述她的词是C选项“Creative”（有创造力的）。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Even a small idea can go far,” she said. “I had an idea to use blue light to kill bacteria and three years later, I’m here.”(“即使是一个很小的想法也可以走得很远，”她说。“我有一个想法，用蓝光杀死细菌，三年后，我在这里。”)”可知，通过Fan的话，表明了即使是一个小小的想法，只要有勇气和努力，也可以取得很大的成就。A选项“Even a small idea can go far.( 即使是一个小想法也能走得很远。)”符合题意。故选A。 B （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）Every day for the last three years, millionaire (百万富翁) Zhong Congrong has picked up rubbish in his neighborhood and spread the environmental awareness to the residents of Chongqing. In fact, the Chongqing businessman’s anti-littering campaign was inspired by a family trip to Hainan during Chinese New Year in 2015. There, he met a retired professor from Tsinghua University who had been picking up rubbish along the beach for four years. Zhong started copying the practice around his home the day after he returned from vacation. Zhong encourages his employees — who are likely to be given 10-yuan fines if they litter at work — to join his campaign, too. But he knows that the problem can’t be solved quickly, and that broader measures must be carried out to achieve long-term success. At first, Zhong’s wife and children felt embarrassed by his behavior. For a while, they even refused to walk next to him in public. Later, however, their attitudes changed, as they realized that their neighborhood was indeed becoming cleaner, and Zhong was being praised by their neighbors. Now, Zhong’s wife has become an anti-littering campaigner herself. “The environment remains dirty no matter how many rubbish collectors there are,” Zhong said. “The only solution is to remind people of the results of littering and hope that it might change their behavior.” 5．What made Zhong Congrong decide to pick up rubbish? A．A trip to Hainan. B．A business meeting. C．A professor’s lecture. 6．What does Zhong do if his employees litter at work? A．Shout at them. B．Fire them at once. C．Punish them. 7．What was Zhong’s wife’s attitude to his behavior at first? A．Angry. B．Joyful. C．Ashamed. 8．What’s the best title for the text? A．Zhong Congrong and His Big Dream B．A Millionaire Who Picks Up Rubbish C．A Millionaire and His Environmental Groups 【答案】5．A 6．C 7．C 8．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。一位重庆的百万富翁为了环境变得更加美丽，连续三年义务捡垃圾。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In fact, the Chongqing businessman’s anti-littering campaign was inspired by a family trip to Hainan during Chinese New Year in 2015. (事实上，这位重庆商人发起反垃圾运动的灵感来自于2015年春节期间全家去海南旅游。)”可知，他决定捡垃圾是与一次海南旅游有关。故选A。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Zhong encourages his employees—who are likely to be given 10-yuan fines if they litter at work—to join his campaign, too. (钟鼓励他的员工也加入到他的行动中来，如果他们在工作场所乱扔垃圾，可能会被罚款10元。)”可知，如果他的员工在工作的时候被发现乱丢垃圾会被罚款10元。故选C。 7．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“At first, Zhong’s wife and children felt embarrassed by his behavior. (起初，钟的妻子和孩子对他的行为感到尴尬。)”可知，他的妻子最初对他的行为感到尴尬。故选C。 8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Every day for the last three years, millionaire (百万富翁) Zhong Congrong has picked up rubbish in his neighborhood and spread the environmental awareness to the residents of Chongqing.(在过去的三年里，百万富翁钟聪荣（音译）每天都在他家附近捡垃圾，向重庆居民传播环保意识。)”以及全文内容可知，文章介绍的是一位重庆的百万富翁为了环境变得更加美丽，连续三年义务捡垃圾。因此，B选项“A Millionaire Who Picks Up Rubbish(捡垃圾的百万富翁)”概括文章主要内容，符合本文标题。故选B。 C （2023高一下·吉林·学业考试）In a few minutes, school was to start. My six-year-old son, Dustin, was crying. “I don’t want to go,” he said. Ever since he’d entered first grade, he had hated school. “What’s going on? If he hates school this much now, how bad will it be later on? ” I wondered. Every kid sometimes dislikes school so much that five to ten percent of them don’t want to attend. “If a child seems worried or anxious about school, pretends illness to stay home, or won’t talk about things of the school day, you should be concerned (关心),” says a school psychologist (心理学家), Michael Martin. Luckily, you can usually solve the problem sometimes very easily. In our case, my husband and I visited Dustin’s class and noticed that the teacher, just out of college, called only on kids who sat right under her nose, Dustin, who often sat near the back, was ignored (忽视). We simply told him to move to the front. He did, and he was happy again. 9．How did the author feel when her son didn’t want to go to school? A．She felt happy. B．She felt worried. C．She felt nothing important. D．She felt hopeful. 10．Which of the following shows that a child likes going to school? A．He hates to talk about school. B．He pretends to be ill at school time. C．He enjoys going to school even if he is sick. D．He feels anxious when going to school every day. 11．What’s the reason why Dustin dislikes going to school? A．He feels ignored in class. B．He is afraid of his teacher. C．He is laughed at by his classmates. D．He can’t answer the teacher’s questions. 【答案】9．B 10．C 11．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者的儿子Dustin刚上一年级就非常讨厌上学。作者担心他的学习状态，并引用了一位学校心理学家的话，说明如果孩子对学校表现出担忧或焦虑，家长应该关注。最后，作者通过让Dustin换到教室前排的位置，解决了他的问题。 9．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“If he hates school this much now, how bad will it be later on? (如果他现在这么讨厌学校，以后会有多糟糕呢?)”可知，作者认为如果她儿子现在就这么不喜欢上学，那以后会更糟糕。因此，当儿子不想上学时，作者感到很担忧。故选B项。 10．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“If a child seems worried or anxious about school, pretends illness to stay home, or won’t talk about things of the school day, you should be concerned (关心) (如果一个孩子似乎对学校感到担心或焦虑，假装生病呆在家里，或者不愿意谈论上学的事情，你应该担心了)”可知，如果一个孩子不喜欢上学，他会对上学感到焦虑，他就会假装生病待在家里，或者不愿意谈论学校的事情。反之，如何一个孩子喜欢上学，即使生病了，他也会喜欢去学校。故选C项。 11．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Luckily, you can usually solve the problem sometimes very easily. In our case, my husband and I visited Dustin’s class and noticed that the teacher, just out of college, called only on kids who sat right under her nose, Dustin, who often sat near the back, was ignored (忽视).(幸运的是，你通常可以很容易地解决这个问题。在我们的例子中，我和丈夫去了达斯汀的班级，注意到那位刚从大学毕业的老师只点名坐在她鼻子底下的孩子，而经常坐在后排的达斯汀却被忽视了)”可知，Dustin不喜欢上学的原因是因为他在课堂上被老师忽视了。故选A项。 D （2024高二下·湖南娄底·学业考试）Agassi was very emotional at the end of his final game. On September 3, the American tennis player said a tearful goodbye to his 21-year career after a third-round defeat in the US Open. The 36-year-old tried his best, but was unable to keep up with German Benjamin Becker, more than ten years his junior. "The scoreboard said I lost today, but what the scoreboard doesn't say is what I've found," Agassi said to the fans. "I have found inspiration and you willed me to succeed." It was an emotional speech at the end of a long career. Agassi hated tennis as a teenager as much as he loves it now. His father made him play when he was a child. He got bored, and became a rebel（叛逆者）. The strict training that his father pushed upon him got in the way of his wild lifestyle. Asked what he would say to his 17-year-old self, Agassi answered, "I would say, I understand you a lot more than I want to be you." The turning point in Agassi's career came in 1992 when he unexpectedly won his first Grand Slam at Wimbledon. It was the first time Agassi understood what real champions finally understand: winning is a test of nerves and not just power; it's a marathon, not a sprint（短跑）. Agassi was about to begin a marathon. He cut his long hair, got fitter and tightened up emotionally. On the court, he was ranked No. 1 for almost two years. His lowest point came in 1997 when his ranking dropped to No. 141. He didn't quit though. "I knew that I would try to get the most out of myself every day from that day forward. That was my promise," he said. "That never stopped." 12．Why was Agassi very emotional when saying goodbye to his career? A．Because he lost to an older player. B．Because this career has brought him so much. C．Because he felt sad for the best player. D．Because he felt sorry for his lifestyle. 13．From his speech, we can see that ______. A．he was thankful to his fans B．he refused to accept failure C．he wished he hadn't hated tennis D．he decided to run a marathon 14．Through wınning, Agassi learned that ______. A．he didn't try his best in his career B．it took a long time for anyone to win C．people need to never give up to win D．winning once or twice is not enough 15．It can be inferred from the passage that Agassi's father ______. A．was an excellent tennis player B．was good at raising Agassi C．spent most of his time training his son D．played a key role in his tennis career 【答案】12．B 13．A 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了网球运动员阿加西退役时的演讲，并讲述了阿加西的网球生涯。 12．推理判断题。根据第二段的“It was an emotional speech at the end of a long career. Agassi hated tennis as a teenager as much as he loves it now.(这是他漫长职业生涯结束时的一次感人的演讲。阿加西十几岁时像现在非常喜欢网球一样非常讨厌网球。)”，第四段的“It was the first time Agassi understood what real champions finally understand: “winning is a test of nerves and not just power; it’s a marathon, not a sprint (短跑)”.(这是阿加西第一次理解真正的冠军最终理解的东西：“获胜是对神经的测试，而不仅仅是力量；这是马拉松，不是短跑)”，以及第五段的“Agassi was about to begin a marathon.He cut his long hair, got fitter and tightened up emotionally.( 一场马拉松式的阿加西赛即将开始。他剪了长发，变得更健康，情绪绷紧)”可推断，阿加西开始并不喜欢网球，最终改掉了不良习惯，变得积极向上，因此推断，退役时阿加西情绪激动是因为网球带给他很多东西。故选B。 13．推理判断题。根据第二段的“‘The scoreboard said I lost today, but what the scoreboard doesn’t say is what I’ve found,’ Agassi said to the fans. ‘I have found inspiration and you willed me to succeed.’(阿加西对球迷说:“记分牌上说我今天输了，但记分牌上没有说我找到了什么。”“我找到了灵感，你们想要让我成功。”)”可知，阿加西感谢自己的球迷。故选A。 14．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It was the first time Agassi understood what real champions finally understand: ‘winning is a test of nerves and not just power; it’s a marathon, not a sprint (短跑)’.(这是阿加西第一次明白真正的冠军最终明白的道理:“胜利是对勇气的考验，而不仅仅是力量的考验;这是一场马拉松，不是短跑。”)”可知，通过胜利，阿加西了解到人胜利是对勇气的考验，胜利是一场马拉松，不仅仅是力量的考验，也就是要不放弃，才能获得胜利。故选C。 15．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Agassi hated tennis as a teenager as much as he loves it now. His father made him play when he was a child. He got bored, and became a rebel (叛逆者). The strict training that his father pushed upon him got in the way of his wild lifestyle.( 阿加西十几岁时像现在非常喜欢网球一样非常讨厌网球。当他还是个孩子的时候，他的父亲让他打网球。他厌倦了，变成了一个叛逆者。他父亲强加给他的严格训练妨碍了他狂野的生活方式。)”可推断，阿加西父亲在阿加西选择自己的职业方面起了很大的作用。故选C。 E （2024高二下·安徽·学业考试）When you are little, the whole world feels like a big playground. I was living in Conyers, Georgia the summer it all happened. I was a second grader, but my best friend Stephanie was only in the first grade. Both of our parents were at work and most of the time they let us go our own way. It was a hot afternoon and we decided to have an adventure in Stephanie’s basement. As I opened the basement door, before us lay the biggest room, full of amazing things like guns, dolls, and old clothes. I ran downstairs, and spotted a red steel can. It was paint. I looked beyond it and there lay even more paint in bright colors like purple, orange, blue and green. “Stephanie, I just found us a project for the day. Get some paintbrushes. We are fixing to paint.” She screamed with excitement as I told her of my secret plans and immediately we got to work. We gathered all the brushes we could find and moved all of our materials to my yard. There on the road in front of my house, we painted big stripes (条纹) of colors across the pavement. Strip e by stripe, our colors turned into a beautiful rainbow. It was fantastic! The sun was starting to sink. I saw a car in the distance and jumped up as I recognized the car. It was my mother. I couldn’t wait to show her my masterpiece. The car pulled slowly into the driveway and from the look on my mother’s face, I could tell that I was in deep trouble. My mother shut the car door and walked towards me. Her eyes glaring she shouted, “What in the world were you thinking? I understood when you made castles out of leaves, and climbed the neighbors’ trees, but this! Come inside right now!” I stood there glaring back at her for a minute, angry because she had insulted (侮辱) my art. “Now go clean it up!” Mother and I began cleaning the road. Tears ran down my cheeks as I saw my beautiful rainbow turn into black cement. Though years have now passed, I still wonder where my rainbow has gone. I wonder if, maybe when I get older, I can find my rainbow and never have to brush it away. I guess we all need some sort of rainbow to brighten our lives from time to time and to keep our hopes and dreams colorful. 16．What did the writer do with his friend in that afternoon? A．They counted the toys in the house. B．They painted a picture on the road. C．They made a project in the room. D．They moved the paints to the basement. 17．What did the writer want to do when his mother came home? A．To show his artwork to her. B．To introduce Stephanie to her. C．To put the materials back in the yard. D．To prevent her from seeing his painting. 18．In the mother’s eyes, what was the writer like? A．He was a born artist. B．He worked very hard. C．He was a problem solver. D．He always caused trouble. 19．What does the underlined word “rainbow” in the last paragraph mean? A．The beautiful rainbow in the sky. B．The stripes painted on the pavement. C．Something imaginative and fun. D．Important lessons learned in childhood. 20．What should parents do according to the writer? A．They should protect children’s dreams. B．They should encourage children to paint. C．They should value friendship among children. D．They should discover the hidden talent in children. 【答案】16．B 17．A 18．D 19．C 20．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候和朋友在马路上画画的故事，作者的妈妈认为他们在捣乱，把画好的画冲洗掉了，当时作者非常伤心，多年过去后，作者还是很怀念自己画的彩虹。 16．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“There on the road in front of my house, we painted big stripes (条纹) of colors across the pavement.（在我家门前的路上，我们在人行道上画了大大的彩色条纹。）”可知，作者和他的朋友那天下午在路上画画。故选B项。 17．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“I couldn’t wait to show her my masterpiece.（我迫不及待地想给她看我的杰作。）”可知，当作者的妈妈回家时，作者想把他的艺术品展示给她看。故选A项。 18．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Her eyes glaring she shouted, “What in the world were you thinking? I understood when you made castles out of leaves, and climbed the neighbors’ trees, but this! Come inside right now!”（她瞪着眼睛喊道：“你到底在想什么？当你用树叶做城堡，爬上邻居的树时，我能理解，但这次！马上进来！”）”可推知，在妈妈眼里，作者总是惹麻烦。故选D项。 19．词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段“I guess we all need some sort of rainbow to brighten our lives from time to time and to keep our hopes and dreams colorful.（我想我们都需要某种rainbow时不时地照亮我们的生活，让我们的希望和梦想丰富多彩。）”可推知，rainbow 指的是“一些富有想象力和乐趣的东西”，能够使我们的希望和梦想丰富多彩，故选C项。 20．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“I stood there glaring back at her for a minute, angry because she had insulted (侮辱) my art.（我站在那儿回头盯着她片刻，很生气，因为她侮辱了我的艺术。）”以及最后一段“I still wonder where my rainbow has gone. I wonder if, maybe when I get older, I can find my rainbow and never have to brush it away.（我仍然想知道我的彩虹去了哪里。我想知道，也许当我长大后，我能找到我的彩虹，永远不用把它擦掉。）”可推知，作者认为父母应该保护孩子的梦想。故选A项。 说明文部分（F-J） F （2024高二下·湖南·学业考试）It’s difficult not to admire the talent of a skilled musician. Whether it is a pianist, violinist or cellist, they have made great efforts to reach the highest levels of performance. But they say it’s never too late to learn. So what are the benefits, for both children and adults, in learning a musical instrument? Learning to play a musical instrument when growing up can improve hearing in adulthood. According to a study by Dr Nina Kraus, Professor of Neurobiology at Northwestern University in Illinois, US, children who played musical instruments were better at recognizing different frequencies (频率). This improved hearing skill carried over into later life with adults who had once played an instrument able to recognize sounds of different pitches (音高) more easily. And it could also have some academic benefits too. A study conducted by the University of British Columbia found that students who took part in music-related activities during grades 7-12 scored much higher in science, English and maths. In addition, there are benefits for adults as well. Whether you choose to play the piano, pick a guitar or learn a drumbeat, you could end up joining a band. This in turn could improve your social life, meeting other bandmates who are likeminded in their love of music. So, whether you’re looking to improve your grades or your social life, maybe taking up an instrument could help you. 21．According to the study by Dr Nina Kraus, playing a musical instrument can ________. A．enrich children’s school life B．improve hearing in adulthood C．help children realize their dreams D．inspire children to become more responsible 22．What does the underlined word “This” in Para. 4 refer to? A．Playing the piano. B．Picking a guitar. C．Learning a drumbeat. D．Joining a band. 23．How many benefits of learning a musical instrument are mentioned in the text? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 24．What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To share relaxation ways. B．To stress academic benefits. C．To introduce practical musical skills. D．To encourage readers to take up an instrument. 【答案】21．B 22．D 23．C 24．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文探讨了学习乐器对儿童和成年人的益处。研究发现，学习乐器可以提高成年后的听力能力，同时对学术成绩也有积极影响。此外，学习乐器还能丰富成年人的社交生活。 21．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Learning to play a musical instrument when growing up can improve hearing in adulthood. According to a study by Dr Nina Kraus, Professor of Neurobiology at Northwestern University in Illinois, US, children who played musical instruments were better at recognizing different frequencies (频率). This improved hearing skill carried over into later life with adults who had once played an instrument able to recognize sounds of different pitches (音高) more easily.( 在成长过程中学习一种乐器可以改善成年后的听力。根据美国伊利诺斯州西北大学神经生物学教授Nina Kraus博士的一项研究，演奏乐器的孩子更善于识别不同的频率。这种听力技能的提高会延续到以后的生活中，那些曾经演奏过乐器的成年人更容易识别不同音高的声音。)”可知，根据Dr Nina Kraus的研究，学习演奏乐器可以提高成年后的听力。故选B。 22．词句猜测题。根据第四段中划线词前面的信息“Whether you choose to play the piano, pick a guitar or learn a drumbeat, you could end up joining a band. (无论你选择弹钢琴、弹吉他还是学打鼓，你最终都有可能加入一个乐队。)”可知，无论你选择弹钢琴、弹吉他还是学打鼓，你最终都有可能加入一个乐队。加入乐队这一行为，它进而可以改善你的社交生活。因此划线词与D选项“Joining a band.(加入一个乐队)”表述信息一致。故选D。 23．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Learning to play a musical instrument when growing up can improve hearing in adulthood. (在成长过程中学习一种乐器可以改善成年后的听力。)”以及第三段中“ A study conducted by the University of British Columbia found that students who took part in music-related activities during grades 7-12 scored much higher in science, English and maths.(英属哥伦比亚大学进行的一项研究发现，7-12年级参加音乐相关活动的学生在科学、英语和数学方面的得分要高得多。)”以及第四段中“In addition, there are benefits for adults as well. Whether you choose to play the piano, pick a guitar or learn a drumbeat, you could end up joining a band. This in turn could improve your social life(此外，对成年人也有好处。无论你选择弹钢琴、弹吉他还是学打鼓，你最终都有可能加入一个乐队。这反过来可以改善你的社交生活)”可知，文章提到了学习乐器的三个益处：一是提高成年后的听力；二是对学业有积极影响；三是改善成年人的社交生活。因此，文章中提到了三个益处。故选C。 24．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Whether it is a pianist, violinist or cellist, they have made great efforts to reach the highest levels of performance. But they say it’s never too late to learn. So what are the benefits, for both children and adults, in learning a musical instrument?( 无论是钢琴家、小提琴家还是大提琴家，他们都为达到最高水平的演奏付出了巨大的努力。但他们说学习永远不会太晚。那么，对于儿童和成人来说，学习一种乐器有什么好处呢？)”以及通读全文可知，文章开头提到对熟练音乐家的才能感到钦佩，并提到学习乐器永远不晚，然后列举了学习乐器的多个益处，包括提高听力、对学业有积极影响以及改善社交生活。这些都表明作者的意图是鼓励读者学习乐器。故选D。 G （2024高二上·广东·学业考试）Have you ever drawn pictures on your notebooks when you are siting in class? If so, your teacher might have told you to stop. Many people think doodling (胡写乱画) may stop you paying attention to what you are doing. But it might be just the opposite. One study shows that doodling may help you remember things you hear. In 2009, researchers asked two groups of people to listen to a phone message. One group was encouraged to doodle, but the other was not. Neither group knew that they would be asked to remember information from the message. But the group that doodled remembered 29% more. Other people suggest other uses for doodling. Jesse Prinz, a professor who studies doodling, says it can help you think creatively. Walking away from a problem to draw might actually help you solve it. When you come back, you will have a fresh idea and get an answer more quickly. An author named Sunni Brown wrote a book on doodling. She argues that doodling is a tool that can help people think. She admits that people see doodling as doing nothing but she wants to change that. In fact, she owns a business that helps companies improve management effectiveness through doodling. Brown believes doodling is helpful because it includes more than one way of learning. You learn in four ways: seeing, hearing, reading and writing. The more ways you use, the better you learn. And when you doodle while listening to a lecture, you are using all four. You might think that being good at drawing is important for doodling. But if the point of doodling is to help you think, then it does’t matter what the picture looks like. Even if you are not an artist, doodling can help you. So next time you need to focus, pick up a pen and doodle away. 25．What does the last sentence in Paragraph 1 suggest? A．Drawing might be allowed in class. B．Drawing is the first step to doodle. C．Doodling might help students focus. D．Doodling is popular with students 26．The underlined word “that” in Paragraph4 refers to the fact that __________ A．doodling can help people think B．Sunni Brown does business by doodling C．people consider doodling as doing nothing D．Sunni Brown wrote a book about doodling 27．According to the last two paragraphs, doodling __________. A．helps people become better learners B．is useless in listening to a lecture C．requires very good drawing skills D．does not attract any artists 28．The purpose of the passage is to __________. A．do research by doodling B．solve problems by doodling C．help people learn how to doodle D．introduce the benefits of doodling 29．In which section of a newspaper can we probably find this passage? A．Health. B．Education. C．Technology. D．Economy. 【答案】25．C 26．C 27．A 28．D 29．B 【导语】这篇文章是一篇说明文，主要介绍了涂鸦（doodling）的积极作用。文章通过研究和专家的观点，阐述了涂鸦不仅不会分散注意力，反而有助于记忆、创造性思维和学习。 25．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“ Many people think doodling (胡写乱画) may stop you paying attention to what you are doing. But it might be just the opposite.（很多人认为涂鸦可能使你分心。但结果可能是相反的）”推知，这句话表明涂鸦可能帮助学生集中注意力。故选C。 26．词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“ She admits that people see doodling as doing nothing but she wants to change that . （她承认人们把涂鸦看作无所事事，但她想改变那个（看法））”可知，“that”指代上文提到的“人们认为涂鸦是无所事事”这件事。故选C。 27．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Brown believes doodling is helpful because it includes more than one way of learning.（布朗相信涂鸦有助于学习，因为它包含了多种学习方式）”可知，涂鸦有助于人们成为更好的学习者，因为它结合了多种学习方式，如看、听、读和写。故选A。 28．推理判断题。根据第一段中“ Many people think doodling (胡写乱画)may stop you paying attention to what you are doing. But it might be just the opposite.(很多人认为涂鸦可能使你分心。但结果可能是相反的)”，以及第二段中“ One study shows that doodling may help you remember things you hear.（涂鸦可能有助于你记住你所听到的）”，第三段中“ Jesse Prinz, a professor who studies doodling, says it can help you think creatively. (Jesse Prinz，一位研究涂鸦的教授，说涂鸦能帮助你进行创造性思维)”等内容可知，文章的目的是介绍涂鸦的好处。故选D。 29．推理判断题。根据全文内容，特别是倒数第二段“Brown believes doodling is helpful because it includes more than one way of learning. You learn in four ways: seeing, hearing, reading and writing. The more ways you use, the better you learn. And when you doodle while listening to a lecture, you are using all four.(布朗相信涂鸦有助于学习，因为它包含了多种学习方式。你从四个方面进行学习：看，听，读和写。运用的方法越多，你就学得越好。当你在听讲座时涂鸦，你就运用了所有的四种方法)”可知，本段提到了涂鸦对学习的帮助，可以推断这篇文章很可能出现在报纸的教育版块。故选B。 H （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）Professional surfers can head over to the farming town (农业小镇) of Lemoore in southern California, which is home to the world’s first wave pool aimed at competitive surfing (竞技性的冲浪). Originally named after its founder, American surfing legend, 11-time world champion Kelly Slater, it was named WSL Surf Ranch after the World Surfing League acquired a majority stake (大股东) in 2016. In the works since 2015, the $30 million facility opened on May 5, 2018 with a two-day Founders Cup that magnetized some of the world’s best surfers and over 5,000 fans. After Slater, competing for Team USA, introduced the weekend by flying through one of the waves, 25 professional surfers—divided into five teams representing the USA, Australia, Europe, Brazil, and the rest of the world—took turns to deal with the artificial swells (人工涌浪). The fierce competition ended with Team World taking home the gold. For $9,500, amateur surfers also got a chance to test the man-made tides for an hour, on Monday, following the event. “Many were very doubtful before the event and every single one of them, having seen the wave live, couldn’t help but smile,” Shawn White, one of the lucky amateurs to ride the waves, agreed. The three-time Olympic champion said, “Man, it was incredible. I got pretty excited.” 30．Why was the wave pool once named Kelly Slater? A．He founded the pool. B．He was a very famous surfer. C．He provided a large sum of funds. 31．What does the underlined word “magnetized” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Invited. B．Surprised. C．Attracted. 32．When can amateur surfers test the artificial wave? A．On Monday. B．On Tuesday. C．On Thursday. 33．How did the surfers who doubted the artificial wave feel after testing it? A．Disappointed. B．Satisfied. C．Puzzled. 【答案】30．A 31．C 32．A 33．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上第一个以冲浪比赛为目的的波浪池以及一些冲浪者的体验。 30．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Originally named after its founder, American surfing legend, 11-time world champion Kelly Slater, it was named WSL Surf Ranch after the World Surfing League acquired a majority stake (大股东) in 2016. (它最初以其创始人、美国冲浪传奇人物、11次世界冠军Kelly Slater的名字命名，在World Surfing League于2016年收购其多数股权后，被命名为WSL冲浪牧场。)”可知，曾将其命名为“Kelly Slater”的原因是他是创建者。故选A项。 31．词句猜测题。根据第二段中划线词后的“some of the world’s best surfers and over 5,000 fans (一些世界上最好的冲浪者和5000多名粉丝)”可推知，Founders Cup比赛应该是吸引了世界上最好的冲浪运动员以及5000多名粉丝，划线单词的含义是“吸引”。A. Invited邀请；B. Surprised（使）吃惊；C. Attracted吸引。故选C项。 32．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“For $9,500, amateur surfers also got a chance to test the man-made tides for an hour, on Monday, following the event. (花费9500美元，业余冲浪者也有机会在周一活动结束后的一小时内测试人造潮汐。)”可知，业余冲浪者可以在星期一测试人造波浪。故选A项。 33．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““Many were very doubtful before the event and every single one of them, having seen the wave live, couldn’t help but smile,” Shawn White, one of the lucky amateurs to ride the waves, agreed. The three-time Olympic champion said, “Man, it was incredible. I got pretty excited.” (“很多人在比赛前都很怀疑，每个人都看到了现场的海浪，忍不住笑了，”Shawn White说，他是幸运的冲浪爱好者之一。这位三届奥运会冠军说：“天哪，这太不可思议了。我非常兴奋。”)”可知，之前质疑人造波浪的冲浪者测试后感到满意。故选B项。 I （2024高一下·广东佛山·学业考试）Young babies make many short and word-like sounds such as “ba” or “aga”. Those early sounds are later replaced with words and, eventually, sentences. While some of them are born to be more talkative than others, a new study confirms that male babies make more sounds than female babies in the first year. While the research confirms earlier findings from a much smaller study by the same team, they still come as a surprise. That’s because there’s a common and long-held belief that females have an advantage over males in language. In the study, Dr Kim and his team included more than 450,000 hours of all-day recordings of 5,899 babies, using a device about the size of an iPod. Those recordings were processed to count the number of words spoken by babies and adults across the first two years of life. Generally, the data showed that male babies made 10% more sounds in the first year compared to females. In the second year, the difference turned directions, with female babies making about 7% more sounds than males. Those differences were observed even though the number of words spoken by adults caring for those babies was higher for female babies in both years compared to males. Why, then, would male babies be more talkative than females in the first year and not later? “We think it may be because boys are more likely to die in the first year than girls. Given that so many male deaths happen in the first year, boys may have been under especially high selection pressure to produce fitness signals to express their wellness and improve their chances of surviving,” says Kim. By the second year of life, as death rates drop sharply across the board, he added, “the pressure on special fitness signaling is lower for both boys and girls.” 34．Why are the findings of the new study surprising? A．They are similar to earlier ones. B．They show males are more talkative. C．They go against people’s common belief. D．They show babies learn language differently 35．What did the study find about male babies in the second year? A．They received more language input. B．They showed better language abilities. C．They communicated more with adults. D．They made less sounds than female babies. 36．What might cause the change in sound production for male babies? A．Improved language skills. B．Change in living environment. C．Less need for fitness signaling. D．Increase in social communication. 【答案】34．C 35．D 36．C 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，研究表明，男婴在出生的第一年发音比女婴多，而在第二年，发出的声音比女婴要少，文章解释了这种现象的原因。 34．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“While some of them are born to be more talkative than others, a new study confirms that male babies make more sounds than female babies in the first year.(虽然有些婴儿生来就比其他人更健谈，但一项新的研究证实，男婴在出生第一年发出的声音比女婴更多)”及第二段“While the research confirms earlier findings from a much smaller study by the same team, they still come as a surprise. That’s because there’s a common and long-held belief that females have an advantage over males in language.(虽然这项研究证实了同一团队先前进行的一项规模小得多的研究的结果，但它们仍然令人惊讶。这是因为人们长期以来普遍认为，女性在语言方面比男性更有优势。)”可知，新的研究表明男婴在出生的第一年发音比女婴多，与长期以来人们普遍女性在语言方面比男性更有优势这一观点相悖，这是令人惊讶的。故选C。 35．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“In the second year, the difference turned directions, with female babies making about 7% more sounds than males.(在第二年，这种差异转向了方向，女婴发出的声音比男婴多7%)”可知，第二年，男婴发出的声音比女婴要少。故选D。 36．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段““We think it may be because boys are more likely to die in the first year than girls. Given that so many male deaths happen in the first year, boys may have been under especially high selection pressure to produce fitness signals to express their wellness and improve their chances of surviving,” says Kim. By the second year of life, as death rates drop sharply across the board, he added, “the pressure on special fitness signaling is lower for both boys and girls.”(“我们认为这可能是因为男孩在第一年比女孩更容易死亡。鉴于如此多的男性死亡发生在第一年，男孩可能在特别高的选择压力下产生健康信号来表达他们的健康和提高他们的生存机会，”Kim说。他补充说，到婴儿出生后第二年，随着死亡率全面大幅下降，“男孩和女孩在特殊健康信号方面的压力都较低。”)”可知，男婴在第二年发出更少的声音也许是由于第二年死亡压力减少，所以需要更少的信号来表达健康需求。故选C。 J （2024高二下·安徽·学业考试）Some people say they “never forget a face.” But what does that saying mean? Is there really no limit to the number of faces a person can remember? A new study from a group of researchers at the University of York in England has found that, on average, people can remember as many as 5,000 faces. They published their findings on facial recognition this month in the Proceedings of The Royal Society B, Biological Sciences. Rob Jenkins works in the psychology department at the University of York. He said the researchers’ study centered on “the number of faces people actually know”. The study suggests our facial recognition abilities help us to deal with the many different faces we see on the screens, as well as those we know, like family and friends. For the human study, people spent one hour writing down as many faces from their personal lives as possible. Some examples may include people they went to school with, people they work with and family members. Then, they wrote down famous faces they know, such as actors, politicians and other public people. The results showed that the participants knew between 1,000 and 10,000 faces. Jenkins said one explanation may be that some people have a natural ability for remembering faces. “There are differences in how much attention people pay to faces and how well they process the information,” he said. Jenkins also said it could be because of different social environments. Some people may have grown up in more populated places. So, they may have had more social contact throughout their lives. The people in the study included 25 men and women students from two universities. They were between 18 and 61 years old. Researchers think age may be an interesting area for further research. Jenkins said it is possible that we gather more faces throughout our lifetime. But, he added, there also may be an age at which we start to find it harder to remember all of those faces. 37．What was the new study mainly about? A．How long people can remember faces. B．When people will forget faces. C．Why people can deal with different faces. D．How many faces people can know. 38．On average, how many faces can a man remember according to the study? A．About 5,000. B．No more than 1,000. C．Fewer than 25. D．Around 10,000. 39．What do we know about the participants in the study? A．They are good at recognizing faces. B．They remember more famous people. C．They have different social backgrounds. D．They try their best to avoid social contact. 40．What can we learn about the last paragraph? A．We are sure to gather more faces as we age. B．The future research may focus more on age. C．The participants in the study are in their youth. D．It may be harder to remember faces of different ages. 41．What did Jenkins think would affect people’s ability to remember faces? A．Attention. B．Personal lives. C．Age. D．Sex. 【答案】37．D 38．A 39．C 40．B 41．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，人们平均能记住5000张面孔，面部识别能力有助于应对多样化的社交需求，记忆力差异或由先天能力、注意力、信息处理及社交环境等因素造成。 37．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“A new study from a group of researchers at the University of York in England has found that, on average, people can remember as many as 5,000 faces. They published their findings on facial recognition this month in the Proceedings of The Royal Society B, Biological Sciences.(英国约克大学的一组研究人员最近发表的一项新研究发现，平均而言，人们能记住多达5000张面孔。他们本月在《英国皇家学会学报B-生物科学》上发表了关于面部识别的研究成果)”可知，这项新研究主要是关于人们能记住多少张面孔。故选D项。 38．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A new study from a group of researchers at the University of York in England has found that, on average, people can remember as many as 5,000 faces.(英国约克大学的一组研究人员最近发表的一项新研究发现，平均而言，人们能记住多达5000张面孔)”可知，根据这项研究，平均一个人能记住大约5000张面孔。故选A项。 39．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Jenkins also said it could be because of different social environments. Some people may have grown up in more populated places. So, they may have had more social contact throughout their lives.(詹金斯还说，这可能是因为不同的社会环境。有些人可能是在人口较多的地方长大的。因此，他们一生中可能有更多的社交接触)”可知，研究中的参与者有着不同的社会背景。故选C项。 40．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Researchers think age may be an interesting area for further research.(研究人员认为年龄可能是进一步研究的一个有趣领域)”可知，未来的研究可能会更多关注年龄因素。故选B项。 41．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Jenkins said one explanation may be that some people have a natural ability for remembering faces. (詹金斯说，一种解释可能是有些人天生就有记忆面孔的能力。)”和“Jenkins also said it could be because of different social environments. Some people may have grown up in more populated places. So, they may have had more social contact throughout their lives.(詹金斯还说，这可能是因为不同的社会环境。有些人可能是在人口较多的地方长大的。因此，他们一生中可能有更多的社交接触)”可知，詹金斯认为个人生活会影响人们记住面孔的能力。故选B项。 议论文部分（K-O） K （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）Keeping a schedule helps you arrange your time in ways that matter to you. If you do not decide how to spend your time, you will likely procrastinate (拖延), get distracted, and get nowhere. Following a schedule in life is a key element toward your success. You can set boundaries around your time for work, rest, learning, health, and more. This way you will be free to do what is important to you. Just like a budget for your money, your schedule allows you to spend time on the things that matter to you. You can selectively choose what you will do and what you will not do. In this way, you can gain more freedom in your life. A schedule can help you fit more into a day, but your main concern ought to be getting the important things into your day. You cannot do everything, so you do what matters and maintain your focus by ignoring things that would distract you from the things that will have the greatest impact. This way, you can increase your productivity. You can prove your trustworthiness (可靠, 可信赖) by sticking to a set schedule. Following it can help you remember the things you have agreed to do. You can also help avoid conflicts by checking your schedule before you make a new promise. Use your schedule to maintain your trustworthiness and reliability in the eyes of others. Your schedule ensures that you take action each day to achieve your goal. Whether small or large steps, your increasing successes build up each day. Repetition develops excellence and excellence leads to success. As you see yourself winning from day to day, your self-confidence grows. 42．Without a schedule, you tend to__________. A．achieve nothing that one desires B．have more freedom to enjoy life C．be attracted by important things 43．If you set boundaries around your time, what can you get? A．More money. B．More rest. C．More freedom. 44．What can we infer from Paragraph 4? A．Never make a promise to anyone. B．Our energy is limitless. C．Schedule helps to protect your credit. 45．Which can be a suitable title of the text? A．The Benefits of Keeping a Schedule B．The Ways to Keep a Schedule in Life C．The Keys to Achieving Success in Life 【答案】42．A 43．C 44．C 45．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了保持日程安排的重要性。 42．推理判断题。根据第一段中“If you do not decide how to spend your time, you will likely procrastinate (拖延), get distracted, and get nowhere.”（如果你不决定如何度过你的时间，你可能会拖延，分心，一事无成）可推知，没有计划，你可能会一事无成，即无法实现你想要的目标。故选A项。 43．细节理解题。根据第二段中“You can set boundaries around your time for work, rest, learning, health, and more. This way you will be free to do what is important to you.”（你可以为你的工作、休息、学习、健康等设定时间界限。这样你就能自由地做对你重要的事情）可知，如果你为你的时间设定界限，你就能获得更多的自由。故选C项。 44．推理判断题。根据第四段中“You can prove your trustworthiness (可靠，可信赖) by sticking to a set schedule. Following it can help you remember the things you have agreed to do. You can also help avoid conflicts by checking your schedule before you make a new promise.”（你可以通过坚持一个设定的时间表来证明你的可靠性，遵循它可以帮助你记住你已经同意做的事情。你也可以在做出新的承诺之前检查你的时间表，以避免冲突）可推知，计划可以避免冲突，确保你履行承诺，即帮助你维护你的信用。故选C项。 45．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Following a schedule in life is a key element toward your success.”（在生活中遵循计划是你成功的关键因素）和上下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了保持计划的好处，包括帮助你安排时间、增加自由、提高效率、保护信誉和实现目标等。因此，最适合的标题是“The Benefits of Keeping a Schedule”（保持计划的好处）。故选A项。 L （2024高一下·甘肃兰州·学业考试）Modern technology has had a great influence on people's entertainment choices, making them less creative. Do you agree or disagree with this opinion? Bearing in mind the likely effects of the modern technology on entertainments on today's users are important, because it is an issue that is discussed daily nowadays by people in both the private and public sectors (公共部门). However, does the modern technology benefits all aspects of human society? Some people may answer to the contrary. As far as I can see, current technology is undermining modern people's creative ability by providing individuals sorted ways of relaxation. The likely effects of modern technology on entertainment for people today are important, because it is an issue that is discussed daily in both the private and public sectors. However, does modern technology benefit all aspects of human society? Some people may answer in the negative. As far as I can see, modern technology undermines people's creative ability by providing individuals pre-digested forms of relaxation. To begin with , it has been known from the latest resources that modern people prefer to enjoy high-tech ways of recreation. More and more people from all works feel so pressuarable that they turn to modern technology which is supposed to be there providing convenient, time-saving and fresh entertainment while fewer and fewer individuals choose to play jigsaws(拼图) or make some exquisite handicrafts (精美的手工艺品) which is the very things expand their imaginary world and make them more creative in their spare time. Further more, modern people are more likely to count on current technology whether in physiological or psychological. What is meant by this is that plenty of people fully enjoy the entertaining products such as, TV, MP3 or internet games high-tech brings to them that they spend lots of time on them without doing anything else. Couch-potato syndrome(典型表现) is one such example. The more people rely on those modern entertaining items, the more possible that people form a negative habitual opinion that these high-tech can do everything for them, and the less likely people will be initiative and creative in their life. It goes without saying that modern technology do bring us low-cost, efficient entertaining products, and these may initiate some individuals' inspiration occasionally. But that's very limited compared to the side effects they give rise to. In conclusion, it is very important to know that it's the creative ability that make our human society prosperous and flourish. Modern technology is just a powerful tool in the charge of human to benefit our conduction. 46．What is the synonym of “undermining”? A．supporting B．weakening C．strengthening D．building 47．What high-tech entertainment way do people prefer to enjoy according to the text? A．Playing jigsaws. B．Making exquisite handicrafts. C．Watching TV, listening to MP3 or playing online games. D．Reading books. 48．How does the author think modern technology affects people's creativity? A．By providing pre-digested forms of relaxation and reducing people's imagination. B．By making people overly dependent on high-tech products and making them lazy. C．By making people addicted to entertainment and having no time for creative activities. D．All of the above. 49．What is the main idea of the article? A．Modern technology makes people's entertainment choices more diverse. B．Modern technology has a positive impact on people's creativity. C．Modern technology weakens people's creativity in some ways. D．Modern technology has both advantages and disadvantages and needs to be treated correctly. 【答案】46．B 47．C 48．D 49．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述的是现代技术对人们的娱乐选择产生了巨大影响，使人们的创造力下降。作者认为，尽管现代技术为人们提供了方便、省时且新鲜的娱乐方式，但同时也削弱了人们的创造力。作者强调，创造力是人类社会繁荣和发展的关键，现代技术只是人类手中的一个强大工具，应该正确使用以促进我们的生活。 46．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“However, does the modern technology benefits all aspects of human society? Some people may answer to the contrary.(然而，现代技术是否惠及人类社会的方方面面？有些人可能会做出相反的回答。)”以及“As far as I can see, current technology is undermining modern people’s creative ability by providing individuals sorted ways of relaxation.(在我看来，目前的科技为人们提供了各种各样的放松方式，从而……现代人的创造力。)”可知，很多人认为现代技术是惠及人类的方方面面的，可知作者持有相反的观点，作者认为科技为人类提供了各种各样的放松方式削弱了人们的创造力。故划线词与B选项“weakening(削弱)”为同义词。故选B。 47．细节理解题。根据第五段中“What is meant by this is that plenty of people fully enjoy the entertaining products such as, TV, MP3 or internet games high-tech brings to them that they spend lots of time on them without doing anything else. (这意味着很多人充分享受高科技给他们带来的娱乐产品，如电视、MP3或网络游戏，他们花了很多时间在这些产品上，而不做任何其他事情。)”可知，人们更倾向于享受高科技的娱乐方式，如看电视、听MP3或玩在线游戏。故选C。 48．细节理解题。根据第三段中“ As far as I can see, modern technology undermines people’s creative ability by providing individuals pre-digested forms of relaxation.(在我看来，现代科技通过为个人提供预先消化的放松方式，削弱了人们的创造力。)”以及第四段中“More and more people from all works feel so pressuarable that they turn to modern technology which is supposed to be there providing convenient, time-saving and fresh entertainment while fewer and fewer individuals choose to play jigsaws or make some exquisite handicrafts which is the very things expand their imaginary world and make them more creative in their spare time.(越来越多的人从所有的工作感到压力，他们转向现代技术，这应该是提供方便，节省时间和新鲜的娱乐，而越来越少的人选择玩拼图或制作一些精美的手工艺品，这是扩大他们的想象世界，使他们在业余时间更有创造力的东西。)”以及第五段中“Further more, modern people are more likely to count on current technology whether in physiological or psychological. What is meant by this is that plenty of people fully enjoy the entertaining products such as, TV, MP3 or internet games high-tech brings to them that they spend lots of time on them without doing anything else.( 此外，现代人更倾向于依赖当前的技术，无论是在生理上还是心理上。这意味着很多人充分享受高科技给他们带来的娱乐产品，如电视、MP3或网络游戏，他们花了很多时间在这些产品上，而不做任何其他事情。)”可知，作者认为现代科技通过提供预先消化的放松形式，减少人们的想象力和创造力，并且通过让人们沉迷于娱乐而没有时间进行创造性活动。同时根据第五段中“The more people rely on those modern entertaining items, the more possible that people form a negative habitual opinion that these high-tech can do everything for them, and the less likely people will be initiative and creative in their life.(人们越依赖这些现代娱乐项目，人们就越有可能形成一种消极的习惯性观点，认为这些高科技可以为他们做一切，人们就越不可能在他们的生活中主动和创造性。)”可知，同时现代科技通过让人们过度依赖高科技产品，让他们变得懒惰，在生活中缺乏主动性和创造性。故选D。 49．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章讲述的是现代技术对人们的娱乐选择产生了巨大影响，使人们的创造力下降。作者认为，尽管现代技术为人们提供了方便、省时且新鲜的娱乐方式，但同时也削弱了人们的创造力。C选项“Modern technology weakens people’s creativity in some ways.(现代科技在某些方面削弱了人们的创造力。)”概括文章主要内容。故选C。 M （2024高二下·湖南·学业考试）Are you troubled by housework, such as cleaning tables or tidying your room? Do you need a helping hand? Recently, the robot Mobile Aloha made by scientists at Stanford University in the US became popular online. In the videos posted, we can see the robot preparing dishes on its own. It’s also good at watering plants, petting cats, cleaning the floor and washing clothes. Sounds good? Well, another video posted by researchers may disappoint some people. Mobile Aloha isn’t good at doing housework on its own. Instead, it learns from human actions before doing each kind of housework. When the situation changes, it can’t work well without a human “teaching” it. So it may break dishes, bump into (撞上) things and even burn a pot. The robot can successfully move chairs 80 percent of the time, said the team after they did more research on it. For cooking dishes, it’s only 40 percent. In short, it’s far from perfect. In fact, AI robots are good at tasks such as math and playing chess, but they face challenges when it comes to simpler actions like cleaning. And it’s the same for Mobile Aloha. For example, if its body doesn’t move correctly — even just with a small mistake, its arm may move too far to pick up a glass. “Robots are not ready to take over the world,” the team posted online. 50．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By making a comparison. B．By asking questions. C．By showing a finding. D．By imagining a scene. 51．What is the function of the numbers in Paragraph 3? A．To show the latest findings of the team. B．To prove that robots can do nothing right. C．To support an opinion that robots are far from perfect. D．To explain the main function of Mobile Aloha is moving chairs. 52．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The importance of robots to the world. B．The latest research on robots. C．Some disadvantages of robots. D．Some ways to produce perfect robots. 53．In which part of the newspaper can we read the passage? A．EDUCATION. B．CULTURE. C．PEOPLE. D．TECHNOLOGY. 【答案】50．B 51．C 52．C 53．D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了机器人Mobile Aloha的功能和缺点。 50．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Are you troubled by housework, such as cleaning tables or tidying your room? Do you need a helping hand? Recently, the robot Mobile Aloha made by scientists at Stanford University in the US became popular online.( 你是否被家务所困扰，比如打扫桌子或整理房间？你需要帮助吗？最近，美国斯坦福大学科学家制造的机器人“Mobile Aloha”在网上走红)”可推知，作者是通过提问题的方式来开始这篇文章的。故选B。 51．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The robot can successfully move chairs 80 percent of the time, said the team after they did more research on it. For cooking dishes, it’s only 40 percent. In short, it’s far from perfect.(该团队在对其进行了更多研究后表示，该机器人在80%的时间内可以成功移动椅子。做菜的时候，只有40%。简而言之，它远非完美)”可推知，第三段中数字的作用是为了支持机器人远非完美的观点。故选C。 52．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Sounds good? Well, another video posted by researchers may disappoint some people. Mobile Aloha isn’t good at doing housework on its own. Instead, it learns from human actions before doing each kind of housework. When the situation changes, it can’t work well without a human “teaching” it. So it may break dishes, bump into (撞上) things and even burn a pot.(听起来不错吗？研究人员发布的另一段视频可能会让一些人失望。移动阿罗哈不擅长自己做家务。相反，它在做每一种家务之前都会从人类的行为中学习。当情况发生变化时，如果没有人类的“教导”，它就无法很好地工作。所以它可能会打碎盘子，撞到东西，甚至烧到锅)”可知，文章主要讲述了机器人的缺点，如Mobile Aloha在做家务时不够熟练，需要人类“教导”，且在做某些任务时成功率较低，表明机器人并不完美。由此可知，本文主要谈论的是机器人的一些缺点。故选C。 53．推理判断题。文章主要讨论了机器人Mobile Aloha的功能和缺点，这是关于科技领域的主题。由此推知，我们可以在报纸的“Technology”部分读到这篇文章。故选D。 N （2024高二下·湖南·学业考试）Have you ever heard of the saying, “Don’t judge a book by its cover.”? Well, in Chinese, we have an expression called “yi mao qu ren”. Imagine you meet someone new at school. They might look different from you in hair, clothes, or looks. It’s important not to make any judgments about them just because of how they look. Sometimes, people make a mistake by judging others by their looks. They might think someone is mean or unfriendly just because they have a serious face or wear unusual clothes. But what meets the eye isn’t always the truth! In fact, people are like books with many, many pages. We need to read more and more pages to understand them. That means getting to know them, talking to them, and learning about their interests and personalities. Think about your best friends. When you met them at early time, you might not have known they would become your best friends. But as you spent time together and got to know each other, you realized how amazing they are. By not judging people by their looks, we open our hearts to new people in our lives. We start to understand and treasure the distinctions between us, like different cultures, backgrounds, and ways of thinking. So, let’s keep an open mind and be nice to everyone we meet. Let’s treat others with kindness and fairness, no matter how they look. When we do that, we make a world where everyone feels important and accepted for who they are. After all, the most amazing things are hidden—within every one of us! 54．How does the writer begin the text? A．By listing numbers. B．By showing a saying. C．By giving an example. D．By making an expectation. 55．Which word is close in meaning to the underlined word “distinctions”? A．Cultures. B．Differences. C．Successes. D．Advantages. 56．How should we treat others according to the writer? A．With a happy mind. B．With a serious face. C．With kindness and fairness. D．With some doubts. 57．Which can be a proper title for the text? A．Try to Read More Books B．Try to Understand Others Better C．Don’t Be Unfriendly to Others D．Don’t Judge People by Their Looks 【答案】54．B 55．B 56．C 57．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。它通过讨论和阐述“不要以貌取人”的观点，强调了不应仅仅根据外貌来评判他人，而应通过更深入的了解来认识和理解他人。 54．推理判断题。根据第一段“Have you ever heard of the saying, “Don’t judge a book by its cover.”? Well, in Chinese, we have an expression called “yi mao qu ren”.(你听说过“不要以貌取人”这句话吗？嗯，在中文里，我们有一个表达叫做“以貌取人”)”可知，作者是通过展示一种说法开始文章的。故选B项。 55．词句猜测题。根据后文“like different cultures, backgrounds, and ways of thinking.(比如不同的文化、背景和思维方式)”可知，此处是举例说明，人与人之间的不同，所以应是“开始理解并珍惜我们之间的区别”之意，推知distinctions应是“区别”之意，和B项意思相近。故选B项。 56．细节理解题。根据最后一段“So, let’s keep an open mind and be nice to everyone we meet. Let’s treat others with kindness and fairness, no matter how they look. When we do that, we make a world where everyone feels important and accepted for who they are.(所以，让我们保持开放的心态，善待我们遇到的每一个人。让我们善待和公平地对待他人，不管他们看起来如何。当我们这样做的时候，我们创造了一个每个人都觉得自己很重要并被接受的世界)”可知，根据作者的观点，我们应该用善良和公平对待他人。故选C项。 57．主旨大意题。根据根据第一段“Have you ever heard of the saying, “Don’t judge a book by its cover.”? Well, in Chinese, we have an expression called “yi mao qu ren”.(你听说过“不要以貌取人”这句话吗？嗯，在中文里，我们有一个表达叫做“以貌取人”)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了“不要以貌取人”的观点，强调了不应仅仅根据外貌来评判他人，而应通过更深入的了解来认识和理解他人，所以D项“Don’t Judge People by Their Looks(不要以貌取人)”是本文最好的标题。故选D项。 O （2023高二下·黑龙江佳木斯·学业考试）Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it’s hard for you to communicate with your parents, don’t worry about it. Here is some advice for you. Don’t argue with your parents. Don’t try to talk about something with your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won’t listen to you if you are shouting at them. Go somewhere else to cool off. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you think you can’t speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter to them. Try to understand your parents. Your parents may think differently from you. Tell your parents what you think, what you care about and why. Perhaps you and your parents disagree on something. Put yourself in their shoes and you may find a better way out. Michael’s mother didn’t agree with him about buying a motorcycle. They argued over it. But they finally came to an agreement. Michael bought the motorcycle, but only drove it on certain days. It is also important to show your love to your parents. Try to do some small things at home, like making them a cup of tea, helping do some chores, and so on. It helps to keep your relationship closer. A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. It is worth having a try. 58．The passage mainly talks about the communication problem between ________. A．parents and school teachers B．school kids and their parents C．teachers and their students D．parents and children of all ages 59．Your parents probably won’t listen to you if you don’t ________. A．show your love to them B．often stay with them C．speak to them politely D．do chores for them 60．The story of Micheal shows that it’s important to ________. A．understand each other B．stay away from your parents C．argue with each other D．disagree with your parents 61．Doing some small things at home can make your parents feel that ________. A．you are happy B．you love them C．you like chores D．you are relaxed 62．Which of the following is NOT true? A．It’s certainly necessary to show your love to your parents. B．It’s hard for all the teenagers to communicate with their parents. C．Think it over before you want to talk to your parents about something. D．Put yourself in your parents’ shoes and you may find some good ways to communicate with your parents. 【答案】58．D 59．C 60．A 61．B 62．B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了一个普遍性问题，即，父母和各个年龄段的孩子之间的沟通问题，并提出了一些建议。 58．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段内容“Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it’s hard for you to communicate with your parents, don’t worry about it. Here is some advice for you.(沟通对父母和所有年龄段的孩子来说都是一个问题。如果你和父母沟通有困难，不要担心。这是给你的一些建议。)”可知，这篇文章主要讨论了父母和各个年龄段的孩子之间的沟通问题。故选D项。 59．细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“Your parents probably won’t listen to you if you are shouting at them.(如果你对父母大喊大叫，他们可能不会听你的。)”可知，当你对父母大喊大叫，用不礼貌的方式沟通时，父母可能不会听你讲话。故选C项。 60．推理判断题。分析前后文语境可知，Micheal的例子“Michael’s mother didn’t agree with him about buying a motorcycle. They argued over it. But they finally came to an agreement. Michael bought the motorcycle, but only drove it on certain days.(Micheal的母亲不同意他买摩托车。他们为此争论起来。但他们最终达成了协议。Micheal买了摩托车，但只在特定的日子里开。)”中讲到了“Micheal与母亲在买摩托车方面发生了矛盾，而最终相互有了协议，使事情达成”，因此可知，这是为了作为举例论证前一段提到的论点“Try to understand your parents.(努力理解你的父母。)”，“Put yourself in their shoes and you may find a better way out.(设身处地为他们想想，你可能会找到更好的出路。)”。由此可推知，该例子是为了表明子女和父母相互理解的重要性。故选A项。 61．细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容“It is also important to show your love to your parents. Try to do some small things at home, like making them a cup of tea, helping do some chores, and so on.(向父母表达你的爱也很重要。尽力在家里做一些小事情，比如给他们泡杯茶，帮他们做一些家务等等。)”可知，在家里做一些小事情可以让父母感受到你对他们的爱。故选B项。 62．细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages.(沟通对父母和所有年龄段的孩子来说都是一个问题。)”可知，文中讲到沟通困难这一问题存在于父母和所有年龄段的孩子，即，这是一个普遍性的问题，但并非说“所有的青少年都很难与父母沟通”这一含义。因此，B项“It’s hard for all the teenagers to communicate with their parents.(所有的青少年都很难与父母沟通。)”表述错误。故选B项。 ( 41 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题17 阅读理解 目录 明晰学考要求 1 基础知识梳理 1 考点精讲讲练 2 考点一：细节理解题 2 考点二：推理判断题 3 考点三：词义猜测题 4 考点四：主旨大意题 5 实战能力训练 11 1. 熟练语篇类型和语篇结构 2. 明确命题规律和提问方式 3. 掌握不同题型的解题方法 （一）整体理解 题型多样且关联紧密：阅读理解包含细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题等多种题型，它们从不同角度考查考生对语篇的理解能力，且各题型之间存在一定关联，比如准确理解细节有助于把握文章主旨，而主旨大意又能为推理判断等提供方向。 能力综合要求高：不仅需要考生具备词汇、语法等基础知识，还要求能运用各种阅读技巧，如略读、寻读，准确把握语篇结构、命题规律，根据不同题型特点灵活运用相应解题方法，同时要善于进行语义转换和逻辑推理。 （二）重点关注方向 信息精准定位与比对：对于细节理解题，无论是直接信息题还是间接信息题，关键在于能依据题干准确提取关键词，快速在文中定位相关信息，并仔细比对选项与原文细节，注意同义替换、信息归纳等正确选项特征以及张冠李戴、无中生有等干扰选项特征。 推理判断依据：推理判断题要严格依据阅读材料所提供信息进行推断，关注作者的用词、语气以及文章的主旨，区分不同类型的推理判断题（如细节推理、观点态度推理、写作意图推理），明确各类型的解题要点和常见命题方式。 词义猜测技巧运用：掌握多种词义猜测技巧，如根据定义或上下文解释、同位关系、构词法、因果关系、指代关系、同义或近义关系、转折或对比关系等进行合理推测，同时要结合文章语境准确判断词义。 主旨大意提炼：针对主旨大意题的不同类型（标题归纳题、文章大意题、段落大意题），要理解标题特点，掌握确定文章标题的方法，学会通过找主题句（利用转折词、首段疑问句、重复观点等小窍门）或归纳段落逻辑结构等方式来提炼文章及段落的主旨大意。 （一）细节理解题 题型特点： 设问方式多样：包括特殊疑问句形式（以 when, where, what 等疑问词引出）、判断是非形式（含 TRUE/FALSE 等）、以 “According to...” 开头的提问形式以及填空形式。 正确选项特征： 同义替换（关键词、词性、语态等变换）、信息归纳、正话反说、原文原词。 同义替换 指对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换。如把lose one's job换成了be out of work。有些细节理解题把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，如把important变换成of importance；改变原文中句子的语态，如主动语态与被动语态的转换。 信息归纳 用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，设置为正确答案。 正话反说 把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。 原文原词 利用原文原词作为正确选项。 干扰选项特征：张冠李戴、无中生有、曲解文意、颠倒是非、正误参半。 张冠李戴 是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容。 无中生有 符合常识，但不是文章的内容。 曲解文意 与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动。 颠倒是非 在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反。 正误参半 部分正确，部分错误。 解题方法： 直接信息题：采用 “关键词定位法”，先从题干中提取名词、动词、数词等关键词，然后运用略读及寻读技巧在文中定位相关信息，最后比对选项与原文细节确定答案。 1. 依据题干信息，择定位关键词 细节理解直接信息题一般是对文章局部内容的考查,且题目相对简单,所以,不必通篇细读全文,可先通过题干信息来选择定位关键词。关键词主要是题干中的名词、动词和数词,即问题的核心信息 2. 依据关键词,回原文定位信息进行比对 确定了定位关键词后,运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与题于有关的关键词,回到原文进行信息定位,然后将选项内容与原文信息比对,得出正确答案。 间接信息题：命题隐蔽性强，需将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义转换、加工或整理，再比对选项确定答案。 相比直接信息题，命题的隐蔽性更强，正确选项一般都会在原文基础上进行改造。此类题目需要考生将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，有时还需要进一步的加工或整理。 概括、归纳信息题：依据题干找到文中相应信息区间，用自己的语言归纳总结文中信息，然后挑选与归纳内容最接近的选项作为答案。 是指命题人用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，这是命题人设计细节理解题的正确选项时经常使用的手段之一。考生首先应依据题干指向，找到文中相应的信息区间，然后尝试用自己的语言去归纳总结文中的信息或事实，然后再看选项，挑选出和自己所归纳总结的信息最接近的选项作为正确答案。 （二）推理判断题 题型分类及特点： 细节推理判断题：要求根据语篇内容推断具体细节，常借助短文提供信息或生活常识进行推理，注意题干中常用的如 infer、indicate 等动词。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： It can be inferred from the text that ________. Compared with other similar products, the new design ________. It can be concluded from the passage that ________. The writer/author indicates/suggests/implies that ________. 观点、态度推理判断题： 文章的观点或结论推理判断题：推测文中某一观点需把握全文中心思想，因为次要观点支撑主要论点。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： ·What is the author’s opinion on ...? ·What does the author think about ...? ·From the passage we can conclude that ________. 作者态度、语气推理判断题：通过作者措词、感情色彩判断，常见褒义词、贬义词、中性词等表述。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： ·The attitude of the author towards somebody/something is ________. ·The author’s attitude towards ...can be best described as ________. ·The tone of this passage is best described as ________. 写作意图推理判断题：揣测作者写作意图及运用写作手法的目的，要求考生理解文章大意并能归纳总结、分析作者阐述问题的方法。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： The main purpose of this text is ________. What’s the author’s purpose in writing this article? It can be concluded that the passage is mainly written for ________. The author writes this passage to ________. The author in this passage intends to ________. 解题要点：严格按阅读材料信息推断，避免掺杂个人经验等；注意选项是否为材料简单重复而非推断结论；关注文中虚拟语气和情态动词；客观对待作者叙述事实，避免主观推断；甄别细节是否与原文相符。 （三）词义猜测题 考查内容：对单词、短语或句子意义的推断，包括生词、熟词新义以及替代词所替代内容的判断，需根据短文语境推测。 猜词技巧： 根据定义或上下文解释猜测：利用逗号、破折号、括号等后的解释判断词义。 根据同位关系猜测：通过紧跟难词后的同位语解释来猜测词义。 根据构词法猜测：依据前缀、后缀、派生等构词知识推测词义。 根据因果关系猜测：根据原因预测结果或由结果找出原因来确定词义。 根据上下文的指代关系猜测：明确文章中代词指代的人或物，有时需总结前文内容得出指代对象。 根据同义或近义关系猜测：利用同句、同段或同篇文章中意思相同或相近的词来猜测词义。 根据转折或对比关系猜测：依据上下句连接词（如 but、however 等）判断逻辑关系，从而确定词义。 （四）主旨大意题 题型分类及设问方式： 标题归纳题：常见设问如 “The best title of the passage is...” 等，要求选出能准确概括文章主旨且具概括性、针对性、醒目性的标题。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： The best title of the passage is ________. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? What would be the best title for the passage? ·The most appropriate title of the passage is ______. 文章大意题：常见设问如 “What's the main idea/point of the passage?” 等，需通过找主题句（利用转折词、首段疑问句、重复观点等方法）或归纳段落中心思想来确定文章整体中心思想。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： What's the main idea/point of the passage? ·The passage is mainly about ________. ·The passage is mainly concerned about ________. ·Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage? 段落大意题：常见设问如 “What does the author tell us in Paragraph...?” 等，可通过概括段落逻辑结构（总分、分总、分总分等）或揣摩作者暗示来归纳段落大意。 该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现： What does the author tell us in Paragraph ...? The main idea of the second paragraph probably is ________. The first paragraph is mainly about ________. Which of the following can best summarize Para.1? What is the first paragraph mainly about? 解题要点：理解标题特点，掌握确定文章标题的正面肯定法、反面否定法、研读备选项本身等方法；学会运用浏览法快速找到主题句；准确概括段落逻辑结构以归纳段落大意。 例题精练，举一反三 （一）细节理解题示例 A The Biggest Stadiums in the World People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 8 A.Q., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world's best known stadium are continues to inform contemporary design. Rome’s Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people. These days, safety regulations-not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat-tend to keep stadium capacities（容量）slightly lower. Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match. For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites. All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport. •Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang, D.P.R-Korea. Capacity. 150,000. Opened. May 1,1989. •Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened. October 1, 1927. •Beaver Stadium, State College, Pennsylvania, U.S. Capacity: 106,572. Opened: September 17, 1960. •Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: October 7, 1922. •Kyle Field, College Station, Texas, U.S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened: September 24,1927. 21. How many people could the Circus Maximus hold? A.104,944. B. 107,601. C. About 150,000. D. About 250,000. 22. Of the following stadiums, which is the oldest? A. Michigan Stadium. B. Beaver Stadium. C. Ohio Stadium. D. Kyle Field. B Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in vitamin C. … 24．What does the author seem to like about cherries? A．They contain protein. B．They are high in vitamin A. C．They have a pleasant taste. D．They are rich in antioxidants. C At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that. … 30．How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present? A．About 6,800.　　　 B．About 3,400. C．About 2,400. D．About 1,200. （二）推理判断题示例 D We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (装置) well after they go out of style. That's bad news for the environment — and our wallets — as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things. … 32．What does the author think of new devices? A．They are environment­friendly. B．They are no better than the old. C．They cost more to use at home. D．They go out of style quickly. E We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence. … 32．What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph? A．Addiction to smartphones. B．Inappropriate behaviours in public places. C．Absence of communication between strangers. D．Impatience with slow service. F [1]Many of us love July because it's the month when nature's berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels from British Columbia's fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection. [2]Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in vitamin C. [3]When combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”. For this purpose, select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer. [4]If you have a_juicer,_you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft­serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children's party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below. 27．From which is the text probably taken? A．A biology textbook.　 B．A health magazine. C．A research paper. D．A travel brochure. （三）词义猜测题示例 G Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation­state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. 29．Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2? A．Complex.　　 　 　 B．Advanced. C．Powerful. D．Modern. H I am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem cell courier. Since March 2012, I've done 89 trips — of those, 51 have been abroad. I have 42 hours to carry stem cells (干细胞) in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long they last. In all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor (捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we've got 72 hours at most. So I am always conscious of time. 29．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph 1? A．provider B．delivery man C．collector D．medical doctor I [2]Despite the celebrations, though, in the U．S.the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations. [3]It's Jason Moran's job to help change that.As the Kennedy Center's artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture. … 29．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Jazz becoming more accessible. B．The production of jazz growing faster. C．Jazz being less popular with the young. D．The jazz audience becoming larger. （四）主旨大意题示例 J Good Morning Britain's Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role — showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget. In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under ￡5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she's been able to put a lot of what she's learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11. “We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant，” she explains. “I pay ￡5 for a portion (一份), but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we're not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.” The eight­part series (系列节目), Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV's Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market. With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonight's Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family's long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes. 27．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Keeping Fit by Eating Smart B．Balancing Our Daily Diet C．Making Yourself a Perfect Chef D．Cooking Well for Less K Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter­gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them. Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation­state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that. Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question­mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival. 31．What is the main idea of the text? A．New languages will be created. B．People's lifestyles are reflected in languages. C．Human development results in fewer languages. D．Geography determines language evolution. L Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year. The vehicle — named the Transition — has two seats, four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car. The Transition, which flew at 1,400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air. It flies using a 23­gallon tank of gas and burns 5 gallons per hour in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gallon. … 28．What is the first paragraph mainly about? A．The basic data of the Transition. B．The advantages of flying cars. C．The potential market for flying cars. D．The designers of the Transition. 记叙文部分（A-E） A （2024高二下·湖南·学业考试）14-year-old Leanne Fan from San Diego, California, was named the grand prize winner of the 2022 3M Young Scientist Challenge, the nation’s top middle school science competition. Leanne Fan developed the Finsen Headphones, a low-cost headphone device that uses machine learning and blue light therapy (疗法) to detect and treat mid-ear infections (感染) in children — potentially preventing up to 60% of hearing loss in children. The world sees 700 million cases of mid-ear infections every year. Fan hopes that this can be an effective and low-cost treatment option for the thousands who are affected. Fan was inspired to create the headphones three years ago while learning about Niels Finsen, who won the Nobel Prize in 1903 after inventing light therapy to treat bacterial (细菌的) infections. “I thought, ‘This is an amazing idea, and I can apply it to something else in my daily life,’” Fan said. Fan took home the top prize, earning the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” and $25,000. She is planning to use some of the prize money to start the patent process for the headphones. Fan is optimistic that the Finsen Headphones will be able to help people in the near future. “Being part of the 3M Young Scientist Challenge was absolutely the best part of my year,” Fan said. “I could meet scientists that are my age and going for their dreams too, and made some friends.” She hopes to inspire other girls who want to become inventors. “Even a small idea can go far,” she said. “I had an idea to use blue light to kill bacteria and three years later, I’m here.” 1．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．The cost of the headphone device. B．The process of blue light therapy. C．The description of the headphones. D．The cases of mid-ear infections. 2．What inspired Leanne Fan to create the headphones? A．Her own daily life. B．Her desire for the Nobel Prize. C．The facts of bacterial infections. D．Niels Finsen’s invention of light therapy. 3．Which of the following can best describe Fan? A．Outgoing. B．Patient. C．Creative. D．Hardworking. 4．What can we learn from Fan’s story? A．Even a small idea can go far. B．Many hands make light work. B （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）Every day for the last three years, millionaire (百万富翁) Zhong Congrong has picked up rubbish in his neighborhood and spread the environmental awareness to the residents of Chongqing. In fact, the Chongqing businessman’s anti-littering campaign was inspired by a family trip to Hainan during Chinese New Year in 2015. There, he met a retired professor from Tsinghua University who had been picking up rubbish along the beach for four years. Zhong started copying the practice around his home the day after he returned from vacation. Zhong encourages his employees — who are likely to be given 10-yuan fines if they litter at work — to join his campaign, too. But he knows that the problem can’t be solved quickly, and that broader measures must be carried out to achieve long-term success. At first, Zhong’s wife and children felt embarrassed by his behavior. For a while, they even refused to walk next to him in public. Later, however, their attitudes changed, as they realized that their neighborhood was indeed becoming cleaner, and Zhong was being praised by their neighbors. Now, Zhong’s wife has become an anti-littering campaigner herself. “The environment remains dirty no matter how many rubbish collectors there are,” Zhong said. “The only solution is to remind people of the results of littering and hope that it might change their behavior.” 5．What made Zhong Congrong decide to pick up rubbish? A．A trip to Hainan. B．A business meeting. C．A professor’s lecture. 6．What does Zhong do if his employees litter at work? A．Shout at them. B．Fire them at once. C．Punish them. 7．What was Zhong’s wife’s attitude to his behavior at first? A．Angry. B．Joyful. C．Ashamed. 8．What’s the best title for the text? A．Zhong Congrong and His Big Dream B．A Millionaire Who Picks Up Rubbish C．A Millionaire and His Environmental Groups C （2023高一下·吉林·学业考试）In a few minutes, school was to start. My six-year-old son, Dustin, was crying. “I don’t want to go,” he said. Ever since he’d entered first grade, he had hated school. “What’s going on? If he hates school this much now, how bad will it be later on? ” I wondered. Every kid sometimes dislikes school so much that five to ten percent of them don’t want to attend. “If a child seems worried or anxious about school, pretends illness to stay home, or won’t talk about things of the school day, you should be concerned (关心),” says a school psychologist (心理学家), Michael Martin. Luckily, you can usually solve the problem sometimes very easily. In our case, my husband and I visited Dustin’s class and noticed that the teacher, just out of college, called only on kids who sat right under her nose, Dustin, who often sat near the back, was ignored (忽视). We simply told him to move to the front. He did, and he was happy again. 9．How did the author feel when her son didn’t want to go to school? A．She felt happy. B．She felt worried. C．She felt nothing important. D．She felt hopeful. 10．Which of the following shows that a child likes going to school? A．He hates to talk about school. B．He pretends to be ill at school time. C．He enjoys going to school even if he is sick. D．He feels anxious when going to school every day. 11．What’s the reason why Dustin dislikes going to school? A．He feels ignored in class. B．He is afraid of his teacher. C．He is laughed at by his classmates. D．He can’t answer the teacher’s questions. D （2024高二下·湖南娄底·学业考试）Agassi was very emotional at the end of his final game. On September 3, the American tennis player said a tearful goodbye to his 21-year career after a third-round defeat in the US Open. The 36-year-old tried his best, but was unable to keep up with German Benjamin Becker, more than ten years his junior. "The scoreboard said I lost today, but what the scoreboard doesn't say is what I've found," Agassi said to the fans. "I have found inspiration and you willed me to succeed." It was an emotional speech at the end of a long career. Agassi hated tennis as a teenager as much as he loves it now. His father made him play when he was a child. He got bored, and became a rebel（叛逆者）. The strict training that his father pushed upon him got in the way of his wild lifestyle. Asked what he would say to his 17-year-old self, Agassi answered, "I would say, I understand you a lot more than I want to be you." The turning point in Agassi's career came in 1992 when he unexpectedly won his first Grand Slam at Wimbledon. It was the first time Agassi understood what real champions finally understand: winning is a test of nerves and not just power; it's a marathon, not a sprint（短跑）. Agassi was about to begin a marathon. He cut his long hair, got fitter and tightened up emotionally. On the court, he was ranked No. 1 for almost two years. His lowest point came in 1997 when his ranking dropped to No. 141. He didn't quit though. "I knew that I would try to get the most out of myself every day from that day forward. That was my promise," he said. "That never stopped." 12．Why was Agassi very emotional when saying goodbye to his career? A．Because he lost to an older player. B．Because this career has brought him so much. C．Because he felt sad for the best player. D．Because he felt sorry for his lifestyle. 13．From his speech, we can see that ______. A．he was thankful to his fans B．he refused to accept failure C．he wished he hadn't hated tennis D．he decided to run a marathon 14．Through wınning, Agassi learned that ______. A．he didn't try his best in his career B．it took a long time for anyone to win C．people need to never give up to win D．winning once or twice is not enough 15．It can be inferred from the passage that Agassi's father ______. A．was an excellent tennis player B．was good at raising Agassi C．spent most of his time training his son D．played a key role in his tennis career E （2024高二下·安徽·学业考试）When you are little, the whole world feels like a big playground. I was living in Conyers, Georgia the summer it all happened. I was a second grader, but my best friend Stephanie was only in the first grade. Both of our parents were at work and most of the time they let us go our own way. It was a hot afternoon and we decided to have an adventure in Stephanie’s basement. As I opened the basement door, before us lay the biggest room, full of amazing things like guns, dolls, and old clothes. I ran downstairs, and spotted a red steel can. It was paint. I looked beyond it and there lay even more paint in bright colors like purple, orange, blue and green. “Stephanie, I just found us a project for the day. Get some paintbrushes. We are fixing to paint.” She screamed with excitement as I told her of my secret plans and immediately we got to work. We gathered all the brushes we could find and moved all of our materials to my yard. There on the road in front of my house, we painted big stripes (条纹) of colors across the pavement. Strip e by stripe, our colors turned into a beautiful rainbow. It was fantastic! The sun was starting to sink. I saw a car in the distance and jumped up as I recognized the car. It was my mother. I couldn’t wait to show her my masterpiece. The car pulled slowly into the driveway and from the look on my mother’s face, I could tell that I was in deep trouble. My mother shut the car door and walked towards me. Her eyes glaring she shouted, “What in the world were you thinking? I understood when you made castles out of leaves, and climbed the neighbors’ trees, but this! Come inside right now!” I stood there glaring back at her for a minute, angry because she had insulted (侮辱) my art. “Now go clean it up!” Mother and I began cleaning the road. Tears ran down my cheeks as I saw my beautiful rainbow turn into black cement. Though years have now passed, I still wonder where my rainbow has gone. I wonder if, maybe when I get older, I can find my rainbow and never have to brush it away. I guess we all need some sort of rainbow to brighten our lives from time to time and to keep our hopes and dreams colorful. 16．What did the writer do with his friend in that afternoon? A．They counted the toys in the house. B．They painted a picture on the road. C．They made a project in the room. D．They moved the paints to the basement. 17．What did the writer want to do when his mother came home? A．To show his artwork to her. B．To introduce Stephanie to her. C．To put the materials back in the yard. D．To prevent her from seeing his painting. 18．In the mother’s eyes, what was the writer like? A．He was a born artist. B．He worked very hard. C．He was a problem solver. D．He always caused trouble. 19．What does the underlined word “rainbow” in the last paragraph mean? A．The beautiful rainbow in the sky. B．The stripes painted on the pavement. C．Something imaginative and fun. D．Important lessons learned in childhood. 20．What should parents do according to the writer? A．They should protect children’s dreams. B．They should encourage children to paint. C．They should value friendship among children. D．They should discover the hidden talent in children. 说明文部分（F-J） F （2024高二下·湖南·学业考试）It’s difficult not to admire the talent of a skilled musician. Whether it is a pianist, violinist or cellist, they have made great efforts to reach the highest levels of performance. But they say it’s never too late to learn. So what are the benefits, for both children and adults, in learning a musical instrument? Learning to play a musical instrument when growing up can improve hearing in adulthood. According to a study by Dr Nina Kraus, Professor of Neurobiology at Northwestern University in Illinois, US, children who played musical instruments were better at recognizing different frequencies (频率). This improved hearing skill carried over into later life with adults who had once played an instrument able to recognize sounds of different pitches (音高) more easily. And it could also have some academic benefits too. A study conducted by the University of British Columbia found that students who took part in music-related activities during grades 7-12 scored much higher in science, English and maths. In addition, there are benefits for adults as well. Whether you choose to play the piano, pick a guitar or learn a drumbeat, you could end up joining a band. This in turn could improve your social life, meeting other bandmates who are likeminded in their love of music. So, whether you’re looking to improve your grades or your social life, maybe taking up an instrument could help you. 21．According to the study by Dr Nina Kraus, playing a musical instrument can ________. A．enrich children’s school life B．improve hearing in adulthood C．help children realize their dreams D．inspire children to become more responsible 22．What does the underlined word “This” in Para. 4 refer to? A．Playing the piano. B．Picking a guitar. C．Learning a drumbeat. D．Joining a band. 23．How many benefits of learning a musical instrument are mentioned in the text? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 24．What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To share relaxation ways. B．To stress academic benefits. C．To introduce practical musical skills. D．To encourage readers to take up an instrument. G （2024高二上·广东·学业考试）Have you ever drawn pictures on your notebooks when you are siting in class? If so, your teacher might have told you to stop. Many people think doodling (胡写乱画) may stop you paying attention to what you are doing. But it might be just the opposite. One study shows that doodling may help you remember things you hear. In 2009, researchers asked two groups of people to listen to a phone message. One group was encouraged to doodle, but the other was not. Neither group knew that they would be asked to remember information from the message. But the group that doodled remembered 29% more. Other people suggest other uses for doodling. Jesse Prinz, a professor who studies doodling, says it can help you think creatively. Walking away from a problem to draw might actually help you solve it. When you come back, you will have a fresh idea and get an answer more quickly. An author named Sunni Brown wrote a book on doodling. She argues that doodling is a tool that can help people think. She admits that people see doodling as doing nothing but she wants to change that. In fact, she owns a business that helps companies improve management effectiveness through doodling. Brown believes doodling is helpful because it includes more than one way of learning. You learn in four ways: seeing, hearing, reading and writing. The more ways you use, the better you learn. And when you doodle while listening to a lecture, you are using all four. You might think that being good at drawing is important for doodling. But if the point of doodling is to help you think, then it does’t matter what the picture looks like. Even if you are not an artist, doodling can help you. So next time you need to focus, pick up a pen and doodle away. 25．What does the last sentence in Paragraph 1 suggest? A．Drawing might be allowed in class. B．Drawing is the first step to doodle. C．Doodling might help students focus. D．Doodling is popular with students 26．The underlined word “that” in Paragraph4 refers to the fact that __________ A．doodling can help people think B．Sunni Brown does business by doodling C．people consider doodling as doing nothing D．Sunni Brown wrote a book about doodling 27．According to the last two paragraphs, doodling __________. A．helps people become better learners B．is useless in listening to a lecture C．requires very good drawing skills D．does not attract any artists 28．The purpose of the passage is to __________. A．do research by doodling B．solve problems by doodling C．help people learn how to doodle D．introduce the benefits of doodling 29．In which section of a newspaper can we probably find this passage? A．Health. B．Education. C．Technology. D．Economy. H （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）Professional surfers can head over to the farming town (农业小镇) of Lemoore in southern California, which is home to the world’s first wave pool aimed at competitive surfing (竞技性的冲浪). Originally named after its founder, American surfing legend, 11-time world champion Kelly Slater, it was named WSL Surf Ranch after the World Surfing League acquired a majority stake (大股东) in 2016. In the works since 2015, the $30 million facility opened on May 5, 2018 with a two-day Founders Cup that magnetized some of the world’s best surfers and over 5,000 fans. After Slater, competing for Team USA, introduced the weekend by flying through one of the waves, 25 professional surfers—divided into five teams representing the USA, Australia, Europe, Brazil, and the rest of the world—took turns to deal with the artificial swells (人工涌浪). The fierce competition ended with Team World taking home the gold. For $9,500, amateur surfers also got a chance to test the man-made tides for an hour, on Monday, following the event. “Many were very doubtful before the event and every single one of them, having seen the wave live, couldn’t help but smile,” Shawn White, one of the lucky amateurs to ride the waves, agreed. The three-time Olympic champion said, “Man, it was incredible. I got pretty excited.” 30．Why was the wave pool once named Kelly Slater? A．He founded the pool. B．He was a very famous surfer. C．He provided a large sum of funds. 31．What does the underlined word “magnetized” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Invited. B．Surprised. C．Attracted. 32．When can amateur surfers test the artificial wave? A．On Monday. B．On Tuesday. C．On Thursday. 33．How did the surfers who doubted the artificial wave feel after testing it? A．Disappointed. B．Satisfied. C．Puzzled. I （2024高一下·广东佛山·学业考试）Young babies make many short and word-like sounds such as “ba” or “aga”. Those early sounds are later replaced with words and, eventually, sentences. While some of them are born to be more talkative than others, a new study confirms that male babies make more sounds than female babies in the first year. While the research confirms earlier findings from a much smaller study by the same team, they still come as a surprise. That’s because there’s a common and long-held belief that females have an advantage over males in language. In the study, Dr Kim and his team included more than 450,000 hours of all-day recordings of 5,899 babies, using a device about the size of an iPod. Those recordings were processed to count the number of words spoken by babies and adults across the first two years of life. Generally, the data showed that male babies made 10% more sounds in the first year compared to females. In the second year, the difference turned directions, with female babies making about 7% more sounds than males. Those differences were observed even though the number of words spoken by adults caring for those babies was higher for female babies in both years compared to males. Why, then, would male babies be more talkative than females in the first year and not later? “We think it may be because boys are more likely to die in the first year than girls. Given that so many male deaths happen in the first year, boys may have been under especially high selection pressure to produce fitness signals to express their wellness and improve their chances of surviving,” says Kim. By the second year of life, as death rates drop sharply across the board, he added, “the pressure on special fitness signaling is lower for both boys and girls.” 34．Why are the findings of the new study surprising? A．They are similar to earlier ones. B．They show males are more talkative. C．They go against people’s common belief. D．They show babies learn language differently 35．What did the study find about male babies in the second year? A．They received more language input. B．They showed better language abilities. C．They communicated more with adults. D．They made less sounds than female babies. 36．What might cause the change in sound production for male babies? A．Improved language skills. B．Change in living environment. C．Less need for fitness signaling. D．Increase in social communication. J （2024高二下·安徽·学业考试）Some people say they “never forget a face.” But what does that saying mean? Is there really no limit to the number of faces a person can remember? A new study from a group of researchers at the University of York in England has found that, on average, people can remember as many as 5,000 faces. They published their findings on facial recognition this month in the Proceedings of The Royal Society B, Biological Sciences. Rob Jenkins works in the psychology department at the University of York. He said the researchers’ study centered on “the number of faces people actually know”. The study suggests our facial recognition abilities help us to deal with the many different faces we see on the screens, as well as those we know, like family and friends. For the human study, people spent one hour writing down as many faces from their personal lives as possible. Some examples may include people they went to school with, people they work with and family members. Then, they wrote down famous faces they know, such as actors, politicians and other public people. The results showed that the participants knew between 1,000 and 10,000 faces. Jenkins said one explanation may be that some people have a natural ability for remembering faces. “There are differences in how much attention people pay to faces and how well they process the information,” he said. Jenkins also said it could be because of different social environments. Some people may have grown up in more populated places. So, they may have had more social contact throughout their lives. The people in the study included 25 men and women students from two universities. They were between 18 and 61 years old. Researchers think age may be an interesting area for further research. Jenkins said it is possible that we gather more faces throughout our lifetime. But, he added, there also may be an age at which we start to find it harder to remember all of those faces. 37．What was the new study mainly about? A．How long people can remember faces. B．When people will forget faces. C．Why people can deal with different faces. D．How many faces people can know. 38．On average, how many faces can a man remember according to the study? A．About 5,000. B．No more than 1,000. C．Fewer than 25. D．Around 10,000. 39．What do we know about the participants in the study? A．They are good at recognizing faces. B．They remember more famous people. C．They have different social backgrounds. D．They try their best to avoid social contact. 40．What can we learn about the last paragraph? A．We are sure to gather more faces as we age. B．The future research may focus more on age. C．The participants in the study are in their youth. D．It may be harder to remember faces of different ages. 41．What did Jenkins think would affect people’s ability to remember faces? A．Attention. B．Personal lives. C．Age. D．Sex. 议论文部分（K-O） K （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）Keeping a schedule helps you arrange your time in ways that matter to you. If you do not decide how to spend your time, you will likely procrastinate (拖延), get distracted, and get nowhere. Following a schedule in life is a key element toward your success. You can set boundaries around your time for work, rest, learning, health, and more. This way you will be free to do what is important to you. Just like a budget for your money, your schedule allows you to spend time on the things that matter to you. You can selectively choose what you will do and what you will not do. In this way, you can gain more freedom in your life. A schedule can help you fit more into a day, but your main concern ought to be getting the important things into your day. You cannot do everything, so you do what matters and maintain your focus by ignoring things that would distract you from the things that will have the greatest impact. This way, you can increase your productivity. You can prove your trustworthiness (可靠, 可信赖) by sticking to a set schedule. Following it can help you remember the things you have agreed to do. You can also help avoid conflicts by checking your schedule before you make a new promise. Use your schedule to maintain your trustworthiness and reliability in the eyes of others. Your schedule ensures that you take action each day to achieve your goal. Whether small or large steps, your increasing successes build up each day. Repetition develops excellence and excellence leads to success. As you see yourself winning from day to day, your self-confidence grows. 42．Without a schedule, you tend to__________. A．achieve nothing that one desires B．have more freedom to enjoy life C．be attracted by important things 43．If you set boundaries around your time, what can you get? A．More money. B．More rest. C．More freedom. 44．What can we infer from Paragraph 4? A．Never make a promise to anyone. B．Our energy is limitless. C．Schedule helps to protect your credit. 45．Which can be a suitable title of the text? A．The Benefits of Keeping a Schedule B．The Ways to Keep a Schedule in Life C．The Keys to Achieving Success in Life L （2024高一下·甘肃兰州·学业考试）Modern technology has had a great influence on people's entertainment choices, making them less creative. Do you agree or disagree with this opinion? Bearing in mind the likely effects of the modern technology on entertainments on today's users are important, because it is an issue that is discussed daily nowadays by people in both the private and public sectors (公共部门). However, does the modern technology benefits all aspects of human society? Some people may answer to the contrary. As far as I can see, current technology is undermining modern people's creative ability by providing individuals sorted ways of relaxation. The likely effects of modern technology on entertainment for people today are important, because it is an issue that is discussed daily in both the private and public sectors. However, does modern technology benefit all aspects of human society? Some people may answer in the negative. As far as I can see, modern technology undermines people's creative ability by providing individuals pre-digested forms of relaxation. To begin with , it has been known from the latest resources that modern people prefer to enjoy high-tech ways of recreation. More and more people from all works feel so pressuarable that they turn to modern technology which is supposed to be there providing convenient, time-saving and fresh entertainment while fewer and fewer individuals choose to play jigsaws(拼图) or make some exquisite handicrafts (精美的手工艺品) which is the very things expand their imaginary world and make them more creative in their spare time. Further more, modern people are more likely to count on current technology whether in physiological or psychological. What is meant by this is that plenty of people fully enjoy the entertaining products such as, TV, MP3 or internet games high-tech brings to them that they spend lots of time on them without doing anything else. Couch-potato syndrome(典型表现) is one such example. The more people rely on those modern entertaining items, the more possible that people form a negative habitual opinion that these high-tech can do everything for them, and the less likely people will be initiative and creative in their life. It goes without saying that modern technology do bring us low-cost, efficient entertaining products, and these may initiate some individuals' inspiration occasionally. But that's very limited compared to the side effects they give rise to. In conclusion, it is very important to know that it's the creative ability that make our human society prosperous and flourish. Modern technology is just a powerful tool in the charge of human to benefit our conduction. 46．What is the synonym of “undermining”? A．supporting B．weakening C．strengthening D．building 47．What high-tech entertainment way do people prefer to enjoy according to the text? A．Playing jigsaws. B．Making exquisite handicrafts. C．Watching TV, listening to MP3 or playing online games. D．Reading books. 48．How does the author think modern technology affects people's creativity? A．By providing pre-digested forms of relaxation and reducing people's imagination. B．By making people overly dependent on high-tech products and making them lazy. C．By making people addicted to entertainment and having no time for creative activities. D．All of the above. 49．What is the main idea of the article? A．Modern technology makes people's entertainment choices more diverse. B．Modern technology has a positive impact on people's creativity. C．Modern technology weakens people's creativity in some ways. D．Modern technology has both advantages and disadvantages and needs to be treated correctly. M （2024高二下·湖南·学业考试）Are you troubled by housework, such as cleaning tables or tidying your room? Do you need a helping hand? Recently, the robot Mobile Aloha made by scientists at Stanford University in the US became popular online. In the videos posted, we can see the robot preparing dishes on its own. It’s also good at watering plants, petting cats, cleaning the floor and washing clothes. Sounds good? Well, another video posted by researchers may disappoint some people. Mobile Aloha isn’t good at doing housework on its own. Instead, it learns from human actions before doing each kind of housework. When the situation changes, it can’t work well without a human “teaching” it. So it may break dishes, bump into (撞上) things and even burn a pot. The robot can successfully move chairs 80 percent of the time, said the team after they did more research on it. For cooking dishes, it’s only 40 percent. In short, it’s far from perfect. In fact, AI robots are good at tasks such as math and playing chess, but they face challenges when it comes to simpler actions like cleaning. And it’s the same for Mobile Aloha. For example, if its body doesn’t move correctly — even just with a small mistake, its arm may move too far to pick up a glass. “Robots are not ready to take over the world,” the team posted online. 50．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By making a comparison. B．By asking questions. C．By showing a finding. D．By imagining a scene. 51．What is the function of the numbers in Paragraph 3? A．To show the latest findings of the team. B．To prove that robots can do nothing right. C．To support an opinion that robots are far from perfect. D．To explain the main function of Mobile Aloha is moving chairs. 52．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The importance of robots to the world. B．The latest research on robots. C．Some disadvantages of robots. D．Some ways to produce perfect robots. 53．In which part of the newspaper can we read the passage? A．EDUCATION. B．CULTURE. C．PEOPLE. D．TECHNOLOGY. N （2024高二下·湖南·学业考试）Have you ever heard of the saying, “Don’t judge a book by its cover.”? Well, in Chinese, we have an expression called “yi mao qu ren”. Imagine you meet someone new at school. They might look different from you in hair, clothes, or looks. It’s important not to make any judgments about them just because of how they look. Sometimes, people make a mistake by judging others by their looks. They might think someone is mean or unfriendly just because they have a serious face or wear unusual clothes. But what meets the eye isn’t always the truth! In fact, people are like books with many, many pages. We need to read more and more pages to understand them. That means getting to know them, talking to them, and learning about their interests and personalities. Think about your best friends. When you met them at early time, you might not have known they would become your best friends. But as you spent time together and got to know each other, you realized how amazing they are. By not judging people by their looks, we open our hearts to new people in our lives. We start to understand and treasure the distinctions between us, like different cultures, backgrounds, and ways of thinking. So, let’s keep an open mind and be nice to everyone we meet. Let’s treat others with kindness and fairness, no matter how they look. When we do that, we make a world where everyone feels important and accepted for who they are. After all, the most amazing things are hidden—within every one of us! 54．How does the writer begin the text? A．By listing numbers. B．By showing a saying. C．By giving an example. D．By making an expectation. 55．Which word is close in meaning to the underlined word “distinctions”? A．Cultures. B．Differences. C．Successes. D．Advantages. 56．How should we treat others according to the writer? A．With a happy mind. B．With a serious face. C．With kindness and fairness. D．With some doubts. 57．Which can be a proper title for the text? A．Try to Read More Books B．Try to Understand Others Better C．Don’t Be Unfriendly to Others D．Don’t Judge People by Their Looks O （2023高二下·黑龙江佳木斯·学业考试）Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it’s hard for you to communicate with your parents, don’t worry about it. Here is some advice for you. Don’t argue with your parents. Don’t try to talk about something with your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won’t listen to you if you are shouting at them. Go somewhere else to cool off. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you think you can’t speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter to them. Try to understand your parents. Your parents may think differently from you. Tell your parents what you think, what you care about and why. Perhaps you and your parents disagree on something. Put yourself in their shoes and you may find a better way out. Michael’s mother didn’t agree with him about buying a motorcycle. They argued over it. But they finally came to an agreement. Michael bought the motorcycle, but only drove it on certain days. It is also important to show your love to your parents. Try to do some small things at home, like making them a cup of tea, helping do some chores, and so on. It helps to keep your relationship closer. A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. It is worth having a try. 58．The passage mainly talks about the communication problem between ________. A．parents and school teachers B．school kids and their parents C．teachers and their students D．parents and children of all ages 59．Your parents probably won’t listen to you if you don’t ________. A．show your love to them B．often stay with them C．speak to them politely D．do chores for them 60．The story of Micheal shows that it’s important to ________. A．understand each other B．stay away from your parents C．argue with each other D．disagree with your parents 61．Doing some small things at home can make your parents feel that ________. A．you are happy B．you love them C．you like chores D．you are relaxed 62．Which of the following is NOT true? A．It’s certainly necessary to show your love to your parents. B．It’s hard for all the teenagers to communicate with their parents. C．Think it over before you want to talk to your parents about something. D．Put yourself in your parents’ shoes and you may find some good ways to communicate with your parents. ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$