精品解析：广东省广州市真光中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷

广州市真光中学2024学年第一学期期中考试 高二英语试卷 考试时间：120分钟;总分：130分 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The UK has a rich literary heritage, with cities packed with bookshops, literary landmarks and comfortable cafes. If you love books, try one of these city breaks. York Earning a remarkable “bookspiration” score of 9. 4/10, York has claimed the title of the best UK city for book lovers. Having the highest number of reading spots per 100, 000 people among all cities analysed, literary lovers will find themselves spoiled for choice in this city. Home to 20 libraries and 33 highly-rated bookshops, this serves as a significant literary resource for a city of its population size. Books inspired by York include: The Secret Garden, Wuthering Heights, Jane Eyre Bath Bath comes second, receiving a final “bookspiration” score of 8. 1/10. Beyond its plentiful quiet reading spots, more than seven libraries and 16 bookshops per 100, 000 people, the city also offers sufficient green spaces, perfect for eager readers to dive into their favourite books. It’s a dream destination for those with a preference for Jane Austen’s works. It’s also host to the annual Jane Austen Festival in September, featuring many immersive(沉浸式的)Regency-themed experiences. Books inspired by Bath include: Northanger Abbey, Persuasion, Vathek Belfast In third place is Belfast, scoring a respectable 7. 3/10. The Northern Irish city has 18 libraries and 55 charming bookshops to choose from. Serving as the backdrop of inspiration for CS Lewis’s The Chronicles of Narnia, Belfast also has a bookish culture as it plays host to an annual book festival drawing in the nation’s biggest bookworms. Books inspired by Belfast include: Eureka Street, Mystery Man, The Star Factory Bristol Bristol with a score of 6. 8/10 secures fourth place to be a literary lover’s paradise. Thanks to its treasure of bookshops from independent to second-hand, over 17 bookshops per 100, 000 people, the lively South West city makes an incredible destination for book-shopping. Books inspired by Bristol include: Shadow Dance, Birdcage Walk, Keep Him Close 1. Which city is the source of the inspiration for Wuthering Heights? A. York. B. Bath. C. Belfast. D. Bristol. 2. What can you do during Jane Austen Festival? A. Rate bookstores of the city. B. Attend theme-based activities. C. Dive into CS Lewis’s books. D. Take a South West city tour. 3. What is a feature of Belfast? A. The best green reading spaces. B. The highest “bookspiration” score. C. The most attractive book festival. D. The biggest second-hand bookstore. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了英国的几个著名书店。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据York下面的“Books inspired by York include: The Secret Garden, Wuthering Heights, Jane Eyre（受约克启发的书籍包括:《秘密花园》、《呼啸山庄》、《简·爱》）”可知，《呼啸山庄》的灵感来自约克城市。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Bath下面的“It’s also host to the annual Jane Austen Festival in September, featuring many immersive(沉浸式的)Regency-themed experiences.（每年9月，这里还会举办一年一度的简·奥斯汀节(Jane Austen Festival)，提供许多以摄政为主题的沉浸式体验。）”可知，在简·奥斯汀节期间你可以参加主题活动。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Belfast下面“ Serving as the backdrop of inspiration for CS Lewis’s The Chronicles of Narnia, Belfast also has a bookish culture as it plays host to an annual book festival drawing in the nation’s biggest bookworms.（作为CS Lewis的《纳尼亚传奇》的灵感来源，贝尔法斯特也有着浓厚的书文化，每年都会举办图书节，吸引英国最大的书虫。)”可知，贝尔法斯特的特色是最吸引人的图书节。故选C。 B In the scientific history, few rivalries (竞争) have captured the imagination like the one between Nikola Tesla and Thomas Edison. These two inventors, each with their unique approaches and visions, engaged in a fierce competition that forever transformed the world of electricity and innovation. The paths of Nikola Tesla and Thomas Edison first crossed in the late 1800s when Tesla arrived in the United States with his boundless enthusiasm and inventive spirit. Tesla, a young Serbian engineer, sought opportunities to work on his ambitious ideas. Edison, already an established inventor and entrepreneur, recognized Tesla’s talent and employed him at his company, the Edison Machine Works. It was during Tesla’s time working for Edison that the seeds of rivalry were sown. Edison advocated direct current (DC) as the dominant method for electrical distribution, while Tesla saw the potential of alternating current (AC) systems, which offered greater efficiency over longer distances. The turning point in their rivalry occurred with the Chicago World’s Fair in 1893．Tesla, backed by George Westinghouse, successfully showcased the superiority of AC by lighting the fairgrounds with his AC-powered system. This success crushed Edison’s claims of DC’s superiority, leading to the widespread adoption of AC as the standard for electrical power transmission (传输). However, due to Edison’s influence, AC power was initially dismissed as dangerous and unreliable. In order to demonstrate its safety, Tesla held a public demonstration where he famously lit up a string of lights using his AC motor powered by Niagara Falls, proving once and for all that AC power was safe for use in homes and businesses around the world. While both sides fought fiercely for control of electricity distribution networks across America, it was ultimately Tesla’s AC system that won out due to its greater efficiency over long distances compared with DC systems which quickly lost voltage (电压) as distance increased from their source point. Eventually even Edison himself came around and accepted defeat when he finally admitted that “Tesla has solved an extremely difficult problem”. Despite their differences, the two men had an unwilling respect for each other. Edison was known to refer to Tesla as “one of the greatest electrical geniuses the world has ever seen” while Tesla praised Edison’s contributions to the field of electricity. Though their rivalry defined the development of electricity in the late 19th century, its impact still resonates (产生共鸣) today. 4. In which aspect did Tesla’s and Edison’s views on electrical systems differ? A. The source of electrical power. B. The invention of electrical devices. C. The efficiency of power generation. D. The method of electrical transmission. 5. How did Tesla prove the reliability of AC power? A. By conducting a public experiment at Niagara Falls. B. By displaying AC- powered lighting in a community. C. By getting support from George Westinghouse. D. By highlighting the limitations of DC power. 6. Why did Tesla’s AC system finally achieve success? A. It provided higher voltage outputs. B. It was easier to operate and maintain. C. It had superior long-range performance. D. It received more financial backing. 7. What message does the author want to convey in the text? A. Every cloud has a silver lining. B. Real knowledge comes from practice. C. A rising tide lifts all boats. D. Rivalry fuels progress. 【答案】4 D 5. A 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。通过讲述尼古拉·特斯拉（Nikola Tesla）和托马斯·爱迪生（Thomas Edison）之间的竞争故事，详细说明了这两位发明家在电力和创新领域所产生的影响以及他们各自的技术观点。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“It was during Tesla’s time working for Edison that the seeds of rivalry were sown. Edison advocated direct current (DC) as the dominant method for electrical distribution, while Tesla saw the potential of alternating current (AC) systems, which offered greater efficiency over longer distances.(正是在特斯拉为爱迪生工作的那段时间里，竞争的种子播下了。爱迪生主张将直流电（DC）作为主要的配电方式，而特斯拉则看到了交流电（AC）系统的潜力，交流电可以在更远的距离上提供更高的效率)”可知，特斯拉和爱迪生在电传动的方法有所不同。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“However, due to Edison’s influence, AC power was initially dismissed as dangerous and unreliable. In order to demonstrate its safety, Tesla held a public demonstration where he famously lit up a string of lights using his AC motor powered by Niagara Falls, proving once and for all that AC power was safe for use in homes and businesses around the world.(然而，由于爱迪生的影响，交流电最初被认为是危险和不可靠的。为了证明它的安全性，特斯拉举行了一次公开演示，他用尼亚加拉大瀑布供电的交流电机点亮了一串灯，从而彻底证明了交流电在世界各地的家庭和企业中使用是安全的)”可知，特斯拉通过在尼亚加拉大瀑布进行公开实验来证明交流电的可靠性。故选A项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“While both sides fought fiercely for control of electricity distribution networks across America, it was ultimately Tesla’s AC system that won out due to its greater efficiency over long distances compared with DC systems which quickly lost voltage (电压) as distance increased from their source point. Eventually even Edison himself came around and accepted defeat when he finally admitted that “Tesla has solved an extremely difficult problem”.(虽然双方都在为控制美国各地的配电网络而激烈竞争，但最终特斯拉的交流系统胜出，因为与直流系统相比，它在长距离上的效率更高，而直流系统随着距离源点的增加而迅速失去电压。最后，连爱迪生自己也接受了失败，他终于承认“特斯拉解决了一个极其困难的问题”)”可知，因为交流系统具有优越的远程性能，所以最终取得了成功。故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“In the scientific history, few rivalries (竞争) have captured the imagination like the one between Nikola Tesla and Thomas Edison. These two inventors, each with their unique approaches and visions, engaged in a fierce competition that forever transformed the world of electricity and innovation.(在科学史上，很少有竞争能像尼古拉·特斯拉和托马斯·爱迪生之间的竞争那样引人入胜。这两位发明家，各有其独特的方法和愿景，从事激烈的竞争，永远改变了世界的电力和创新)”以及最后一段“Despite their differences, the two men had an unwilling respect for each other. Edison was known to refer to Tesla as “one of the greatest electrical geniuses the world has ever seen” while Tesla praised Edison’s contributions to the field of electricity. Though their rivalry defined the development of electricity in the late 19th century, its impact still resonates (产生共鸣) today.(尽管他们有分歧，这两个人还是不情愿地互相尊重。爱迪生称特斯拉是“世界上最伟大的电气天才之一”，而特斯拉则称赞爱迪生对电学领域的贡献。尽管他们的竞争决定了19世纪后期电力的发展，但其影响至今仍在产生共鸣)”可知，文章主要讲述了尼古拉·特斯拉和托马斯·爱迪生之间的竞争改变世界的电力和创新，所以作者想在文章中传达竞争推动进步的观点。故选D项。 C Sicilian Rouge High GABA is a special type of tomato designed to contain high levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (氨基丁酸), an amino acid believed to aid relaxation and help lower blood pressure. Tokyo-based startup Sanatech Seed Company teamed up with scientists at the University of Tsukuba to develop a new variety of tomatoes using CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology. Named Sicilian Rouge High GABA, this new type of tomato contains five to six times the normal level of a type of amino acid called gamma-aminobutyric acid, or GABA. According to Japanese media, the company removed an inhibitory domain (抑制域) within the tomato’s genome to enable it to produce these high levels of GABA. According to Shimpei Takeshita, President of Sanatech Seed and Chief Innovation Officer of Pioneer EcoScience, the exclusive distributor of the tomato, the company was given permission to commercialize the genetically changed Sicilian Rouge High GABA variety last December, and contract farmers who have been growing them ever since. Now, the tomatoes are ready to hit store shelves. “At first, we got mixed reactions to genome- edited foods, and we thought it would be difficult to bring them to market as they’re not fully understood by consumers,” Tatsuo Takeshita, chair of Sanatech Seed told NHK. “But the tomatoes earned a good name from those who took part in the trials.” A Japanese health ministry committee gave Sanatech Seed permission to commercialize the new tomato variety. They provided notification and the startup plans to ship each package of tomatoes with a sticker that says “improved using genome-editing technology”. Unlike genetically modified foods, genome-edited plant varieties are considered just as safe as varieties improved using traditional methods because no outside gene is introduced during the process. Sanatech Seed has already started accepting online orders for Sicilian Rouge High GABA tomatoes. A 3-kilogram box of tomatoes will reportedly cost 7,500 yen. That’s a lot of money for tomatoes. 8. What do we know about Sicilian Rouge High GABA? A. It is beneficial to our health. B. It can promote tomatoes’ output. C. It contains high level of nutrition. D. It can make people energetic. 9. Who permitted the new tomatoes into the market? A. President of the Sanatech Seed Company, B. The University of Tsukuba, Tokyo. C. A Japanese health ministry committee. D. Chair of Tatsuo Takeshita Company. 10. How is the genome-edited plant regarded? A. Harmful. B. Easy. C. Traditional. D. Secure. 11. What is the writer’s attitude to Sicilian Rouge High GABA? A. Curious. B. Subjective. C. Dissatisfied. D. Objective. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了总部位于东京的创业公司Sanatech Seed Company与筑波大学的科学家合作，利用CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术开发了一种新的番茄品种。文章介绍了这种特殊类型的番茄的好处以及市场推广的情况。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Sicilian Rouge High GABA is a special type of tomato designed to contain high levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (氨基丁酸), an amino acid believed to aid relaxation and help lower blood pressure.( Sicilian Rouge High GABA是一种特殊类型的番茄，含有高水平的伽马氨基丁酸（GABA），一种被认为有助于放松和降低血压的氨基酸)”可知，Sicilian Rouge High GABA对我们的健康有益。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“A Japanese health ministry committee gave Sanatech Seed permission to commercialize the new tomato variety. They provided notification and the startup plans to ship each package of tomatoes with a sticker that says “improved using genome-editing technology”.(日本厚生劳动省的一个健康委员会批准Sanatech种子公司将这种新的番茄品种商业化。他们提供了通知，这家初创公司计划在发运每包西红柿时贴上“使用基因组编辑技术改进”的标签)”可知，日本厚生省健康委员会允许新西红柿进入市场。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Unlike genetically modified foods, genome-edited plant varieties are considered just as safe as varieties improved using traditional methods because no outside gene is introduced during the process.(与转基因食品不同，基因编辑的植物品种被认为与使用传统方法改良的品种一样安全，因为在这个过程中不会引入外部基因)”可推知，基因编辑过的植物是安全的。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章主要以列举第三方的客观事实和言论为主，没有涉及自己对Sicilian Rouge High GABA的态度，可推知，作者对Sicilian Rouge High GABA的态度是客观的。故选D。 D During a judging period for a recent short story contest, I started thinking a lot about dialogue tags. Because in many submissions characters didn’t “say” a thing. They shouted, they inquired, they assumed. Some characters screamed while others murmured. But no one “said” anything. And I started wondering why. The more I thought about it, the more I understood the temptation. We’re always encouraged to use strong, actionable verbs in our prose. Why walk when you can skip or wander? Why cry when you can sob or weep? Why wouldn’t we reach for exciting verbs instead of dull “said”? Why couldn’t each verb be a tiny sparkling gem in its own right? The problem, I think, is that every jewel needs a setting to become something more than the sum of its parts. Without something to provide structure, a collection of the world’s most glorious diamonds would still only amount to a heap of rocks. Dialogue is your diamond, friends. When we read your work, your dialogue should be so lifelike that our brains “hear” each line instead of merely reading it. We don’t need to be told a character is shouting — we can sense it in the way they spit out words, clench fists, or storm from the room. What’s more, readers may not initially imagine a particular line being “sobbed.” When we reach the end of a sentence and find out our leading lady has actually sobbed instead of whispered, it pulls us right out of the story. We pause. We reread the line. We adjust our understanding and begin again. But that wonderful momentum when we’re fully immersed in the scene, holding our breath to find out what our heroine says next, is lost. Creating a successful work of fiction is about giving the reader all the materials they need to build your fictional world in their mind. Readers need believable dialogue. And if you’ve created dynamic characters who speak words we can really hear, you will never need to tell us how something was said. 12. What do we know from the first two paragraphs? A. The word “said” is overused in our stories. B. The use of exciting verbs makes characters alive. C. Varieties of verbs are preferred by judges at contests. D. Strong verbs are considered to be an eye-catcher. 13. According to the author, ______ contributes most to a good story. A. a talkative character B. a vivid conversation C. a collection of dialogue tags D. a wild imagination 14. Which of the following does the author probably agree with? A. Creative dialogue tags help keep readers immersed in reading. B. What was said should be prioritised over how it was said. C. Readers may better understand a scene after rereading the line. D. The more materials a work of fiction contains, the more successful it is. 15. What argumentative methods are used in this article? ① Using examples ② Justifying an assumption ③ Comparing and contrasting ④ Appealing to readers’ emotions A. ①② B. ②④ C. ③④ D. ①③ 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了作者在最近一次短篇小说比赛的评审期间，思考的关于对话标签的问题，在作者看来，对话方式，即，使用的动词，不应该做过多的描述和强调，而应是注重对话内容的描写。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“We’re always encouraged to use strong, actionable verbs in our prose.(我们总是被鼓励在我们的文章中使用强烈的、可操作的动词)”以及“Why couldn’t each verb be a tiny sparkling gem in its own right?(为什么每个动词本身就不能成为一颗闪闪发光的小宝石呢？)”可知，写作的人通常会被鼓励使用强烈的，可操作的动词，希望自己使用的动词成为闪闪发光的小宝石。由此推知，强烈的动词能够博人眼球。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Dialogue is your diamond, friends. When we read your work, your dialogue should be so lifelike that our brains “hear” each line instead of merely reading it.(对话就是你的钻石，朋友们。当我们阅读你的作品时，你的对话应该栩栩如生，让我们的大脑“听到”每一行，而不仅仅是阅读它)”可知，在作者看来，对话就是钻石，栩栩如生的对话会让读者“听到”每一行。因此，在作者看来，生动的谈话对一个好故事的贡献最大。故选B项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“Readers need believable dialogue. And if you’ve created dynamic characters who speak words we can really hear, you will never need to tell us how something was said.(读者需要可信的对话。如果你创造了动态的人物，他们说的话我们真的能听到，你就不需要告诉我们是怎么说的)”可知，在作者看来，有了可信的对话，动态的人物，就不需要告诉读者“怎么说的”这个动作了，即，说的话要比如何说更重要。由此推知，作者应该会认同选项B“What was said should be prioritised over how it was said.(说话的内容应该优先于说话的方式)”的论述。故选B项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容“They shouted, they inquired, they assumed. Some characters screamed while others murmured. But no one ‘said’ anything.(他们叫喊着，他们询问着，他们猜想着。一些人尖叫，另一些人喃喃自语。但是没有人“说”什么)”可知，作者举例了投稿中的使用的与“说”表达相同含义的其它强烈动词。同时，作者在第三段提出了论点“Dialogue is your diamond, friends.(对话就是你的钻石，朋友们)”，并用“When we read your work, your dialogue should be so lifelike that our brains “hear” each line instead of merely reading it. We don’t need to be told a character is shouting…(当我们阅读你的作品时，你的对话应该栩栩如生，让我们的大脑“听到”每一行，而不仅仅是阅读它。我们不需要被告知角色在大喊大叫……)”的论述，证明了其合理性和正确性。由此推知，作者使用了举例论证和证明假设是正确的论述方法。故选A项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever felt the need to be alone for a while? I don’t mean situations when you should be alone, but occasions where you are with a group of people at a party or a restaurant. You get tired of jumping from conversation to conversation, and your mind starts to wander towards that interesting book you left halfway done, or that movie you have been meaning to watch. ___16___ Now before you rush to defense, please understand that being an introvert (内向的人)is completely normal. A common misunderstanding about introverts is that they are loners or anti-social. ___17___ They have friends, probably not as many as extroverts (外向的人), but enough to suit their needs for human interaction. Scientifically, all humans fall somewhere between being an introvert and being an extrovert, and at least 25 percent of us are introverts. ___18___ Therefore, the ability to network is extremely valuable. Of course, sometimes introverts might be as capable of talking with people as extroverts, but sometimes they have to force themselves to engage with others in order to “fit in”. While extroverts feel comfortable shaking hands and making jokes, introverts get increasingly exhausted. ___19___ For the introverted, to continue in this awkward situation could really end up bringing them harm, with individuals reporting to suffer from loss of sleep, panic attacks and depression. ___20___ They form deep thoughts, conduct themselves carefully, and pay significant attention to detail. So, for the best results in a project involving group work, both introverts and extroverts are needed. A. Society appears to favor extroverts. B. Most introverts, however, are just regular people. C. These are feelings usually typical of an introvert. D. Introverts tend to recover by spending time alone. E. You might have ignored that “strange” thought you had before. F. Introverts, just like extroverts, have their own set of advantages. G. Even if standing alone for a while, they get asked “Why are you all by yourself?” 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. A 19. G 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要对内向的人进行了相关解读和介绍。 【16题详解】 根据空处上句“You get tired of jumping from conversation to conversation, and your mind starts to wander towards that interesting book you left halfway done, or that movie you have been meaning to watch.（你厌倦了从一个话题跳到另一个话题，你的思想开始徘徊在那本有趣的书上，或者你一直想看的电影上。）”可知，这里是在介绍内向者的某些典型特征，而C项“These are feelings usually typical of an introvert.（这些都是典型的内向者的感觉。）”是对上句的总结和承接。故选C项。 【17题详解】 根据空处上句“A common misunderstanding about introverts is that they are loners or anti-social.（对内向者的一个常见误解是，他们是孤独者或反社会者。）”可知，B选项“Most introverts, however, are just regular people.（然而，大多数内向的人只是普通人。）”和上句均是对内向者的一种解读，且互为转折关系。故选B项。 【18题详解】 根据空处后两句“Therefore, the ability to network is extremely valuable. Of course, sometimes introverts might be as capable of talking with people as extroverts, but sometimes they have to force themselves to engage with others in order to “fit in”. （因此，交际能力是极其宝贵的。当然，有时内向的人可能和外向的人一样有能力与人交谈，但有时他们不得不强迫自己与他人交流以“融入”。）”可知，这里和A选项“Society appears to favor extroverts.（社会似乎偏爱外向的人。）”一样，都是在介绍内向的人和外向的人的交际能力的差异，且空处与下句形成因果关系，指的是以对内向的人来说，拥有交际能力在社会上显得尤为重要。故选A项。 【19题详解】 根据空处下句中的“For the introverted, to continue in this awkward situation could really end up bringing them harm（对于内向的人来说，继续处于这种尴尬的境地可能最终会给他们带来伤害）”可知，G选项“Even if standing alone for a while, they get asked “Why are you all by yourself?”（即使是一个人站一会儿，他们也会被问到：“你为什么总是一个人？”）”是对下文中“this awkward situation（这种尴尬的境地）”一种具体举例。故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据空处下句“They form deep thoughts, conduct themselves carefully, and pay significant attention to detail.（他们思想深邃，行事谨慎，注重细节。）”可知，这里是对F选项“Introverts, just like extroverts, have their own set of advantages.（内向的人，就像外向的人一样，有他们自己的优势。）”的进一步解释，说明内向的人的具体优势。故选F项。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was a cold, rainy day, and I had no desire to drive up the winding mountain road to my daughter Carolyn’s house. But she___21___that I come to see something at the top of the mountain. So here I was,___22___ making the two-hour journey through thick fog. Nothing could be worth this,I thought as I___23___ along the dangerous highway. Turning down a narrow track, we_____24_____and got out. We walked along a path that was thick with old pine needles. Huge black-green evergreens (常青树)____25____over us.Gradually,the peace and silence of the place began to____26____ my mind. Then we turned a corner and stopped at the top of the mountain and I was entirely held in___27___. There across fields and valleys were rivers of fully-opened yellow flowers from the light one to the most brilliant. It looked as though the sun had tipped over and___28___ the mountainside in gold. ___29___ occurred to my mind.Who created such beauty? How? When? As we approached the house that stood in the center of the property, we saw a____30____ that read: “Answers to the Questions I Know You Are Asking.” The first answer was: “One Woman-Two Hands, Two Feet and Very Little Brain.” The second was:“______31______at a Time.” The third: “Started in 1958.” As we drove home, I was so moved by what we had seen that I could____32____ speak.“She changed the world,” I finally said, “one small plant at a time. She started almost 40 years ago, probably just the ____33____ of an idea, but she kept at it.” The wonder of it would not let me go. “Imagine,” I said, “if I’d had a dream and____34____it, just a little bit every day, what might I have accomplished?” Carolyn looked at me sideways, smiling. “Start tomorrow,” she said, “_______35_______yet, start today.” 21. A. asked B. commanded C. insisted D. predicted 22. A. unwillingly B. undoubtedly C. unknowingly D. unexpectedly 23. A. walked B. inched C. wandered D. fled 24. A. pulled over B. stepped down C. looked up D. turned off 25 A. greeted B. flowed C. reached D. towered 26. A. admit B. fill C. control D. read 27. A. amazement B. curiosity C. amusement D. confusion 28. A. pushed B. moved C. swung D. bathed 29. A. Doubts B. Ideas C. Questions D. Requests 30. A. signal B. symbol C. symptom D. sign 31. A. Each B. Some C. One D. That 32. A. surely B. barely C. mostly D. instantly 33. A. beginning B. intention C. ending D. absence 34. A. set off B. worked out C. set down D. worked at 35. A. Later B. Better C. Happier D. Harder 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为记叙文。作者跟女儿来到山顶，看到满山的鲜花，作者被眼前的景色惊呆了。得知这是一位女士多年努力的结果，作者感受颇深：如果我有一个梦想，并为之努力，每天努力一点，我会取得什么样的成就呢?。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她坚持要我来看山顶上的东西。A. asked问；B. commanded命令的；C. insisted坚持；D. predicted预测的。根据上文的“...I had no desire to drive up the winding mountain road to ...”和空格前的but可知，肯定是女儿的坚持才让作者跟女儿去山顶。再由下文的come可知，come前面省略了should，所以空格处应该用command或insist，根据作者和女儿的身份关系以及句意，此处不能用command。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以我来到这里，不情愿地在浓雾中进行两小时的旅行。A. unwillingly不情愿；B. undoubtedly毫无疑问；C. unknowingly不知不觉地；D. unexpectedly出乎意料地。根据下文的“Nothing could be worth this, I thought as I ________ along the dangerous highway.”可知，作者是不情愿来这儿的。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在危险的高速公路上缓慢前行时，我想，没有什么值得这样做了。A. walked步行；B. inched缓慢移动；C. wandered游荡；D. fled逃离。根据下文的“the dangerous highway”可知，作者在路上开得很慢。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们拐进一条狭窄的小路，把车停在路边，下了车。A. pulled over靠边停车；B. stepped down走下；C. looked up抬起头来；D. turned off关闭。根据下文的“got out”可知，作者把车停下了。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：巨大的墨绿色常青树高耸在我们头顶。A. greeted打招呼；B. flowed流动；C. reached到达；D. towered高于。根据句意和下文的“over us”可知，这些树是高耸在我们头顶上。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，这个地方的平静和寂静开始充斥着我的脑海。A. admit承认；B. fill填充；C. control控制；D. read读取。根据句意和空格后的my mind可知，此处是指这个地方的平静和寂静开始充斥着我的脑海。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我们拐了个弯，停在山顶上，我完全被惊呆了。A. amazement惊讶；B. curiosity好奇心；C. amusement娱乐；D. confusion混乱。根据下一句“There across fields and valleys were rivers of fully-opened yellow flowers from the light one to the most brilliant. It looked as though the sun had tipped over and ________ the mountainside in gold.”可知，作者被这儿的景色惊呆了。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看起来就像太阳翻了过来，把山腰沐浴在金色之中。A. pushed推动；B. moved移动；C. swung摆动；D. bathed沐浴。根据上文的“tip over”和下文的“in gold”可知，此处指山坡被罩在阳光里。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的脑子里出现了一些问题。A. Doubts疑问；B. Ideas想法；C. Questions问题；D. Requests请求。根据下文的“Who created such beauty? How? When? ”可知，作者脑中出现了一些问题。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们走近位于庄园中心的房子时，看到一块牌子上写着：“我知道你们在问的问题的答案。”A. signal信号；B. symbol符号；C. symptom症状；D. sign标牌。根据空格后的“... that read: ‘Answers to the Questions I Know You Are Asking.’”可知，此处说的应该是标牌上的内容。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查限定词词义辨析。句意：第二个（答案）是：“一次一个”。A. Each每个；B. Some一些；C. One一个；D. That那个。根据下一段的“one small plant at a time.”可知，此处指的是每次种一棵。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在开车回家的路上，我被眼前的景象感动得几乎说不出话来。A. surely当然；B. barely几乎不；C. mostly主要地；D. instantly立即。根据上文的“As we drove home, I was so moved by what we had seen that…”可知，此处指的是作者感动得几乎说不出话来。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她大约在40年前就开始了，可能开始只是一个想法，但她坚持了下来。A. beginning开始；B. intention意图；C. ending结束；D. absence缺席。根据句意和句中的“started”以及“kept at it”可知，此处指的是可能开始只是一个想法，但她坚持了下来。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“想象一下，”我说，“如果我有一个梦想，并为之努力，每天努力一点，我会取得什么样的成就呢?”A. set off出发；B. worked out制定；C. set down放下；D. worked at致力于。句中的it指的是上文的“dream,work at the dream”指的是为梦想而努力。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“明天开始，”她说，“今天就开始更好。”A. Later稍后；B. Better好的；C. Happier快乐的；D. Harder困难的。根据上文的“Start tomorrow”和空格后的“start today”可知，此处是说今天开始更好，所以应该用better yet（更好的是）。故选B项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The English word “garden” gives an entirely wrong idea of the Chinese yuan, for “garden” suggests a lawn and a wide ____36____ (vary) of flowers, altogether too formal and tidy to suit Chinese taste. The Chinese yuan suggests first of all a wild landscape, perhaps better arranged and more artistically ____37____ (plan) than nature, but still a bit of nature itself, with trees, creeks, and flowers. Dotted in this natural landscape are the human structures like pavilions and long winding corridors, so ____38____ (perfect) belonging to the scenery as to become a whole with it. The Chinese garden ____39____ (characterize) by studied disorderliness. There are no even-cut bushes or symmetric (对称的) rows lining avenues. No Chinese house allows an outsider ____40____ (look) through the iron gates, for that would be against the principle of concealment (隐蔽). Facing the gate, we see a small courtyard giving no idea of the expansiveness of space inside, and leading one step by step into newer views, in ____41____ continual series of surprises and astonishments. ____42____ wooden framework supporting most of the weight of the house, windows, doors and walls are not limited to certain locations. The essential idea of interior (室内的) decoration is the beauty of simplicity. Home designs are not something ____43____ (impress) we buy from a first-class firm. ____44____ tells a home from a public building is the personal touch that we give it. It is only when the spirit of leisure and loving care exists ____45____ living at home can become an art and a pleasure. Adaptation from My Country and My People by Lin Yutang 【答案】36. variety 37. planned 38. perfectly 39. is characterized 40. to look 41. a 42. With 43. impressive 44. What 45. that 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章选自林语堂的《吾国与吾民》，主要从与西方园林的不同之处入手，介绍了中国园林的特色、风格和蕴含的精神。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：英文中的“garden”一词对中国的“园”有一个完全错误的理解，因为“garden”指的是草坪和各种各样的花，太过正式和整齐，不符合中国人的品味。根据“a wide”和“of”可知，此处用固定短语a wide variety of，意为“各种各样的”。故填variety。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的“园”首先让人联想到一种野生的景观，也许比自然布置得更好，规划得更有艺术感，但仍然有一点自然本身，有树木、小溪和鲜花。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语，动词plan“规划”和前文名词landscape逻辑上是被动关系，应用plan的过去分词和arranged并列作后置定语。故填planned。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：亭台楼阁、蜿蜒的长廊等人文建筑点缀在自然景观中，与自然景观浑然一体。修饰belonging应用副词perfectly“完美地，极佳地”。故填perfectly。 【39题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：中国园林的特点是刻意营造的无序。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述一般性的事实，用一般现在时，characterize“成为……的特征”和主语The Chinese garden之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单数，be动词应用is。故填is characterized。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：没有哪座中国房子允许外人透过铁门往外看，因为那违反了隐蔽的原则。allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事” 是固定短语，应用look的不定式形式，作宾语补足语。故填to look。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：面对大门，我们看到一个小庭院，里面没有宽敞的空间，在一系列的惊喜和惊讶中，引导（我们）一步一步进入新的视野。根据“continual series of”可知，此处用固定短语a series of，意为“一系列的……”，且continual的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：木质框架支撑着房屋的大部分重量，窗户、门和墙壁并不局限于特定的位置。分析句子可知，空处和空后的名词短语wooden framework、现在分词短语supporting most of the weight of the house构成状语，应用介词with构成with的复合结构，说明背景情况。首字母需大写。故填With。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：家居设计不是我们从一流公司购买的令人印象深刻的东西。分析句子可知，修饰不定代词something应用其形容词形式impressive“令人印象深刻的”作后置定语。故填impressive。 【44题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：将一个家与一个公共建筑区分开来的是我们赋予它的个人风格。分析句子可知，空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，应用连接代词what引导，意为“……的事物”。what的首字母需大写。故填What。 【45题详解】 考查强调句型。句意：只有有了悠闲和关怀的精神，居家生活才能成为一种艺术和一种乐趣。分析可知，此处为强调句型“it be+被强调部分+that…”，强调only when引导的条件状语从句。故填that。 第三部分 写作(共三节，满分50分) 第一节 单词拼写。(共10题，每题1分，满分10分) 请根据中文释义，用Book 4 Unit 2—Book 4 Unit 5单词的适当形式填空。 46. The story is a magical mixture of ________ (幻想) and reality. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】fantasy 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个故事是幻想和现实的神奇结合。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“幻想”应用fantasy，为不可数名词，在本句中作介词后宾语。故填fantasy。 47. We can observe that ________ (人工的) intelligence has already made an impact on our lives in many ways. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】artificial 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们可以观察到，人工智能已经在很多方面对我们的生活产生了影响。根据汉语提示“人工的”可知，此处应该填写形容词artificial作定语。故填artificial。 48. New Zealand has the ________ (极佳的) natural environment, which is perfect for outdoor activities. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】superb 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：新西兰拥有极佳的自然环境，非常适合户外活动。根据汉语提示“极佳的”以及句子结构可知应填形容词superb，作定语修饰名词natural environment。故填superb。 49. She has been___________(提倡) environmental protection by organizing community clean-up events and raising awareness about climate change. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】advocating 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：她一直倡导通过组织社区清洁活动和提高对气候变化的认识来保护环境。根据语境，由于She has been 是现在完成进行时态，强调动作从过去开始并持续到现在，因此需要用动词的现在分词形式，“提倡”的英文为"advocate”，其现在分词是advocating。故填advocating。 50. __________(漫步)around the ancient streets, you can see the local people's traditional lifestyle. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】Wandering 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：漫步在古老的街道上，你可以看到当地人传统的生活方式。此处应用非谓语动词作状语，“漫步”与逻辑主语 you 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式wandering。故填 Wandering。 51. After the exam, students wait for the result with ______ (焦虑). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】anxiety 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：考试后，学生们焦急地等待着结果。根据汉语提示可知应用名词anxiety，作宾语。故填anxiety。 52. Without thinking I got out of my car, held my hand up and ______ (弯腰) down to look at the butterfly. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】bent 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：我不假思索地下了车，举起手，弯下腰去看那只蝴蝶。设空处与got out of、held并列作谓语，“弯腰”为动词bend，此句为一般过去时态，设空处需使用动词过去式bent。故填bent。 53. To be frank, I was____________(完全地，彻底地)relieved after chatting with the expert. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】entirely 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：坦率地说，和专家聊天后，我完全放心了。根据空后的形容词relieved可知，此处要填副词entirely，完全地，彻底地，在句子中作状语修饰relieved。故填entirely。 54. As far as I am concerned, teaching is a demanding but _____________ (值得做的，有益的) job. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】rewarding 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：就我而言，教书是一项要求很高但却很值得做的工作。根据汉语提示“值得做的，有益的”可知，此处为形容词rewarding，作定语，修饰名词job。故填rewarding。 55. Last summer, when the prime minister successfully handled a series of ___________ (危机) he seemed able to turn floodwaters into wine. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】crises 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：去年夏天，当这位总理成功地处理了一系列危机时，他似乎能够将洪水变成美酒。“危机”用名词crisis，为可数名词，a series of 后接可数名词的复数形式。故填crises。 第二节 应用文写作。(共1题，满分15分) 56. 假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Tony下个月要以交换生的身份来到你校交流，发邮件向你询问中国人在日常交际中常见的肢体语言。请你回复邮件，内容包括： 1.欢迎他的到来； 2.介绍日常生活中常见的肢体语言； 3.邀请他到时住在你家。 注意：1.词数100左右 ； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Tony, I am more than thrilled to have received your letter where you mention that you will come to my school as an exchange student next month and I would like to extend my warmest welcome to you. As is known to us all, body language varies from country to country. When exchanging greetings, people in China will shake hands with each other to convey our kindness, while nodding and giving a big thumb are what we usually use when showing our agreement. However, some Chinese may think it is impolite to show their disagreement directly and thus they may frown or keep silent to imply their disapproval. All in all, in China, people express our emotions in a reserved way and try to avoid too much body contact. By the way, I would also like to invite you to live in my home so that you can know more about our traditional customs. Look forward to your arrival. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Tony下个月要以交换生的身份来到你校交流，发邮件向你询问中国人在日常交际中常见的肢体语言。请你回复邮件。 详解】1.词汇积累 想要：would like to→want to 表达：extend→convey 激动的：thrilled→excited 总之：all in all→in short 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：All in all, in China, people express our emotions in a reserved way and try to avoid too much body contact. 拓展句：All in all, in China, not only do people express our emotions in a reserved way, but also they try to avoid too much body contact. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I am more than thrilled to have received your letter where you mention that you will come to my school as an exchange student next month and I would like to extend my warmest welcome to you. (运用了where引导的定语从句以及链接代词that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2] When exchanging greetings, people in China will shake hands with each other to convey our kindness, while nodding and giving a big thumb are what we usually use when showing our agreement. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句的省略) 第三节 读后续写。(共1题，满分25分) 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Gabriel had always been fascinated by robots. His mother, however, did not think much of it. She often criticized him, urging him to focus on his schoolwork instead of those“ useless machines”, as she called them. She wanted him to spend more time on his books, and less time lost in the world of robotics. He, however, always worked quietly on parts, trying to create inventions that could solve everyday problems. One day, Gabriel came back from school, bursting through the front door, holding a shining award in his hand. The gas detection robot he had built for months had just won first place in the regional competition. His heart raced as he imagined his mother would be proud this time. “Mom! Look! I won!” he cried. His mother, standing at the kitchen counter, looked briefly. She sighed, “That’s nice, Gabriel, but I still don’t see what good it will do you. It’s not going to help you with your grades or get you into college. You need to focus on something more practical.” Her voice showed no interest. Gabriel remained quiet, determined to prove that what he was doing had value. One evening, as the delicious smell of dinner floated through the house, an unexpected danger was quietly closing. Gabriel’s mother had been busy in the kitchen but had forgotten to turn off the gas. Unaware of the coming threat, she had wandered into the living room, settling down comfortably in front of the TV. The gas continued to escape, silently filling the air. The house was on the edge of a disaster. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150 左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Suddenly, a loud alarm rang through the house. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Gabriel’s mother held the robot gently in her arms, waiting for Gabriel to get back from school. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Suddenly, a loud alarm rang through the house. Gabriel’s gas detection robot had sensed the leak and sprung into action. The shrill sound jolted his mother from her TV reverie, her heart pounding as she realized the danger they were in. Quickly, she rushed to the kitchen, turned off the gas, and opened all the windows to let the fresh air disperse the dangerous fumes. As the alarm ceased, she stood there, breathing a sigh of relief, suddenly understanding the significance of Gabriel’s invention. It wasn’t just a toy or a useless machine; it was a lifesaver. Gabriel’s mother held the robot gently in her arms, waiting for Gabriel to get back from school. She couldn’t wait to tell him how his creation had prevented a potential tragedy. When Gabriel finally walked through the door, his mother greeted him with tears in her eyes and a smile on her face. “Gabriel, you were right,” she said, hugging him tightly. “This robot isn’t just a hobby; it’s something that can protect us, make our lives safer. I’m sorry I didn’t see it before.” Gabriel’s heart swelled with pride and joy. From that day on, his mother became his biggest supporter, encouraging him to pursue his passion for robotics and recognizing the value of his inventions in making the world a better, safer place. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Gabriel热爱机器人却遭母亲反对，他默默努力终获机器人比赛一等奖，但母亲仍不以为意。某晚，家中煤气泄漏，母亲却全然不知。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“突然，一声响亮的警报响彻了整个房子。”可知，第一段可描写Gabriel的机器人检测到煤气泄漏并发出警报，母亲因此意识到危险并采取行动。 ②由第二段首句内容“Gabriel的妈妈轻轻地把机器人抱在怀里，等着Gabriel从学校回来。”可知，第二段可描写母亲对Gabriel的机器人态度转变，向Gabriel道歉并表达支持。 2.续写线索：机器人发出警报——母亲意识到煤气泄漏——母亲关闭煤气并打开窗户——母亲等待Gabriel回家——母亲向Gabriel道歉并表达支持 3词汇激活 行为类 ①意识到：realize/become aware/come to realize ②拥抱：hug/embrace ③等待：wait for/await 情绪类 ①如释重负：breathe a sigh of relief/feel relieved ②快乐：joy/happiness/delight 【点睛】[高分句型1] The shrill sound jolted his mother from her TV reverie, her heart pounding as she realized the danger they were in.(运用了独立主格结构和从属连词as引导时间状语从句和省略关系代词的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Gabriel’s mother held the robot gently in her arms, waiting for Gabriel to get back from school.(运用了现在分词作伴随状语) [高分句型3] When Gabriel finally walked through the door, his mother greeted him with tears in her eyes and a smile on her face.(运用了从属连词when引导时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 广州市真光中学2024学年第一学期期中考试 高二英语试卷 考试时间：120分钟;总分：130分 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The UK has a rich literary heritage, with cities packed with bookshops, literary landmarks and comfortable cafes. If you love books, try one of these city breaks. York Earning a remarkable “bookspiration” score of 9. 4/10, York has claimed the title of the best UK city for book lovers. Having the highest number of reading spots per 100, 000 people among all cities analysed, literary lovers will find themselves spoiled for choice in this city. Home to 20 libraries and 33 highly-rated bookshops, this serves as a significant literary resource for a city of its population size. Books inspired by York include: The Secret Garden, Wuthering Heights, Jane Eyre Bath Bath comes second, receiving a final “bookspiration” score of 8. 1/10. Beyond its plentiful quiet reading spots, more than seven libraries and 16 bookshops per 100, 000 people, the city also offers sufficient green spaces, perfect for eager readers to dive into their favourite books. It’s a dream destination for those with a preference for Jane Austen’s works. It’s also host to the annual Jane Austen Festival in September, featuring many immersive(沉浸式的)Regency-themed experiences. Books inspired by Bath include: Northanger Abbey, Persuasion, Vathek Belfast In third place is Belfast scoring a respectable 7. 3/10. The Northern Irish city has 18 libraries and 55 charming bookshops to choose from. Serving as the backdrop of inspiration for CS Lewis’s The Chronicles of Narnia, Belfast also has a bookish culture as it plays host to an annual book festival drawing in the nation’s biggest bookworms. Books inspired by Belfast include: Eureka Street, Mystery Man, The Star Factory Bristol Bristol with a score of 6. 8/10 secures fourth place to be a literary lover’s paradise. Thanks to its treasure of bookshops from independent to second-hand, over 17 bookshops per 100, 000 people, the lively South West city makes an incredible destination for book-shopping. Books inspired by Bristol include: Shadow Dance, Birdcage Walk, Keep Him Close 1 Which city is the source of the inspiration for Wuthering Heights? A. York. B. Bath. C. Belfast. D. Bristol. 2. What can you do during Jane Austen Festival? A. Rate bookstores of the city. B. Attend theme-based activities. C. Dive into CS Lewis’s books. D. Take a South West city tour. 3. What is a feature of Belfast? A. The best green reading spaces. B. The highest “bookspiration” score. C. The most attractive book festival. D. The biggest second-hand bookstore. B In the scientific history, few rivalries (竞争) have captured the imagination like the one between Nikola Tesla and Thomas Edison. These two inventors, each with their unique approaches and visions, engaged in a fierce competition that forever transformed the world of electricity and innovation. The paths of Nikola Tesla and Thomas Edison first crossed in the late 1800s when Tesla arrived in the United States with his boundless enthusiasm and inventive spirit. Tesla, a young Serbian engineer, sought opportunities to work on his ambitious ideas. Edison, already an established inventor and entrepreneur, recognized Tesla’s talent and employed him at his company, the Edison Machine Works. It was during Tesla’s time working for Edison that the seeds of rivalry were sown. Edison advocated direct current (DC) as the dominant method for electrical distribution, while Tesla saw the potential of alternating current (AC) systems, which offered greater efficiency over longer distances. The turning point in their rivalry occurred with the Chicago World’s Fair in 1893．Tesla, backed by George Westinghouse, successfully showcased the superiority of AC by lighting the fairgrounds with his AC-powered system. This success crushed Edison’s claims of DC’s superiority, leading to the widespread adoption of AC as the standard for electrical power transmission (传输). However, due to Edison’s influence, AC power was initially dismissed as dangerous and unreliable. In order to demonstrate its safety, Tesla held a public demonstration where he famously lit up a string of lights using his AC motor powered by Niagara Falls, proving once and for all that AC power was safe for use in homes and businesses around the world. While both sides fought fiercely for control of electricity distribution networks across America it was ultimately Tesla’s AC system that won out due to its greater efficiency over long distances compared with DC systems which quickly lost voltage (电压) as distance increased from their source point. Eventually even Edison himself came around and accepted defeat when he finally admitted that “Tesla has solved an extremely difficult problem”. Despite their differences, the two men had an unwilling respect for each other. Edison was known to refer to Tesla as “one of the greatest electrical geniuses the world has ever seen” while Tesla praised Edison’s contributions to the field of electricity. Though their rivalry defined the development of electricity in the late 19th century, its impact still resonates (产生共鸣) today. 4. In which aspect did Tesla’s and Edison’s views on electrical systems differ? A. The source of electrical power. B. The invention of electrical devices. C. The efficiency of power generation. D. The method of electrical transmission. 5. How did Tesla prove the reliability of AC power? A. By conducting a public experiment at Niagara Falls. B. By displaying AC- powered lighting in a community. C. By getting support from George Westinghouse. D. By highlighting the limitations of DC power. 6. Why did Tesla’s AC system finally achieve success? A. It provided higher voltage outputs. B. It was easier to operate and maintain. C. It had superior long-range performance. D. It received more financial backing. 7. What message does the author want to convey in the text? A. Every cloud has a silver lining. B. Real knowledge comes from practice. C. A rising tide lifts all boats. D. Rivalry fuels progress. C Sicilian Rouge High GABA is a special type of tomato designed to contain high levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (氨基丁酸), an amino acid believed to aid relaxation and help lower blood pressure. Tokyo-based startup Sanatech Seed Company teamed up with scientists at the University of Tsukuba to develop a new variety of tomatoes using CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology. Named Sicilian Rouge High GABA, this new type of tomato contains five to six times the normal level of a type of amino acid called gamma-aminobutyric acid, or GABA. According to Japanese media, the company removed an inhibitory domain (抑制域) within the tomato’s genome to enable it to produce these high levels of GABA. According to Shimpei Takeshita, President of Sanatech Seed and Chief Innovation Officer of Pioneer EcoScience, the exclusive distributor of the tomato, the company was given permission to commercialize the genetically changed Sicilian Rouge High GABA variety last December, and contract farmers who have been growing them ever since. Now, the tomatoes are ready to hit store shelves. “At first, we got mixed reactions to genome- edited foods, and we thought it would be difficult to bring them to market as they’re not fully understood by consumers,” Tatsuo Takeshita, chair of Sanatech Seed told NHK. “But the tomatoes earned a good name from those who took part in the trials.” A Japanese health ministry committee gave Sanatech Seed permission to commercialize the new tomato variety. They provided notification and the startup plans to ship each package of tomatoes with a sticker that says “improved using genome-editing technology”. Unlike genetically modified foods, genome-edited plant varieties are considered just as safe as varieties improved using traditional methods because no outside gene is introduced during the process. Sanatech Seed has already started accepting online orders for Sicilian Rouge High GABA tomatoes. A 3-kilogram box of tomatoes will reportedly cost 7,500 yen. That’s a lot of money for tomatoes. 8. What do we know about Sicilian Rouge High GABA? A. It is beneficial to our health. B. It can promote tomatoes’ output. C. It contains high level of nutrition. D. It can make people energetic. 9. Who permitted the new tomatoes into the market? A. President of the Sanatech Seed Company, B. The University of Tsukuba, Tokyo. C. A Japanese health ministry committee. D. Chair of Tatsuo Takeshita Company. 10. How is the genome-edited plant regarded? A. Harmful. B. Easy. C. Traditional. D. Secure. 11. What is the writer’s attitude to Sicilian Rouge High GABA? A. Curious. B. Subjective. C. Dissatisfied. D. Objective. D During a judging period for a recent short story contest, I started thinking a lot about dialogue tags. Because in many submissions characters didn’t “say” a thing. They shouted, they inquired, they assumed. Some characters screamed while others murmured. But no one “said” anything. And I started wondering why. The more I thought about it, the more I understood the temptation. We’re always encouraged to use strong, actionable verbs in our prose. Why walk when you can skip or wander? Why cry when you can sob or weep? Why wouldn’t we reach for exciting verbs instead of dull “said”? Why couldn’t each verb be a tiny sparkling gem in its own right? The problem, I think, is that every jewel needs a setting to become something more than the sum of its parts. Without something to provide structure, a collection of the world’s most glorious diamonds would still only amount to a heap of rocks. Dialogue is your diamond, friends. When we read your work, your dialogue should be so lifelike that our brains “hear” each line instead of merely reading it. We don’t need to be told a character is shouting — we can sense it in the way they spit out words, clench fists, or storm from the room. What’s more, readers may not initially imagine a particular line being “sobbed.” When we reach the end of a sentence and find out our leading lady has actually sobbed instead of whispered, it pulls us right out of the story. We pause. We reread the line. We adjust our understanding and begin again. But that wonderful momentum when we’re fully immersed in the scene, holding our breath to find out what our heroine says next, is lost. Creating a successful work of fiction is about giving the reader all the materials they need to build your fictional world in their mind. Readers need believable dialogue. And if you’ve created dynamic characters who speak words we can really hear, you will never need to tell us how something was said. 12. What do we know from the first two paragraphs? A. The word “said” is overused in our stories. B. The use of exciting verbs makes characters alive. C. Varieties of verbs are preferred by judges at contests. D. Strong verbs are considered to be an eye-catcher. 13. According to the author, ______ contributes most to a good story. A. a talkative character B. a vivid conversation C. a collection of dialogue tags D. a wild imagination 14. Which of the following does the author probably agree with? A. Creative dialogue tags help keep readers immersed in reading. B. What was said should be prioritised over how it was said. C. Readers may better understand a scene after rereading the line. D. The more materials a work of fiction contains, the more successful it is. 15. What argumentative methods are used in this article? ① Using examples ② Justifying an assumption ③ Comparing and contrasting ④ Appealing to readers’ emotions A. ①② B. ②④ C. ③④ D. ①③ 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever felt the need to be alone for a while? I don’t mean situations when you should be alone, but occasions where you are with a group of people at a party or a restaurant. You get tired of jumping from conversation to conversation, and your mind starts to wander towards that interesting book you left halfway done, or that movie you have been meaning to watch. ___16___ Now before you rush to defense, please understand that being an introvert (内向的人)is completely normal. A common misunderstanding about introverts is that they are loners or anti-social. ___17___ They have friends, probably not as many as extroverts (外向的人), but enough to suit their needs for human interaction. Scientifically, all humans fall somewhere between being an introvert and being an extrovert, and at least 25 percent of us are introverts. ___18___ Therefore, the ability to network is extremely valuable. Of course, sometimes introverts might be as capable of talking with people as extroverts, but sometimes they have to force themselves to engage with others in order to “fit in”. While extroverts feel comfortable shaking hands and making jokes, introverts get increasingly exhausted. ___19___ For the introverted, to continue in this awkward situation could really end up bringing them harm, with individuals reporting to suffer from loss of sleep, panic attacks and depression. ___20___ They form deep thoughts, conduct themselves carefully, and pay significant attention to detail. So, for the best results in a project involving group work, both introverts and extroverts are needed. A. Society appears to favor extroverts. B. Most introverts, however, are just regular people. C. These are feelings usually typical of an introvert. D. Introverts tend to recover by spending time alone. E. You might have ignored that “strange” thought you had before. F. Introverts, just like extroverts, have their own set of advantages. G. Even if standing alone for a while, they get asked “Why are you all by yourself?” 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was a cold, rainy day, and I had no desire to drive up the winding mountain road to my daughter Carolyn’s house. But she___21___that I come to see something at the top of the mountain. So here I was,___22___ making the two-hour journey through thick fog. Nothing could be worth this,I thought as I___23___ along the dangerous highway. Turning down a narrow track, we_____24_____and got out. We walked along a path that was thick with old pine needles. Huge black-green evergreens (常青树)____25____over us.Gradually,the peace and silence of the place began to____26____ my mind. Then we turned a corner and stopped at the top of the mountain and I was entirely held in___27___. There across fields and valleys were rivers of fully-opened yellow flowers from the light one to the most brilliant. It looked as though the sun had tipped over and___28___ the mountainside in gold. ___29___ occurred to my mind.Who created such beauty? How? When? As we approached the house that stood in the center of the property, we saw a____30____ that read: “Answers to the Questions I Know You Are Asking.” The first answer was: “One Woman-Two Hands, Two Feet and Very Little Brain.” The second was:“______31______at a Time.” The third: “Started in 1958.” As we drove home, I was so moved by what we had seen that I could____32____ speak.“She changed the world,” I finally said, “one small plant at a time. She started almost 40 years ago, probably just the ____33____ of an idea, but she kept at it.” The wonder of it would not let me go. “Imagine,” I said, “if I’d had a dream and____34____it, just a little bit every day, what might I have accomplished?” Carolyn looked at me sideways, smiling. “Start tomorrow,” she said, “_______35_______yet, start today.” 21. A. asked B. commanded C. insisted D. predicted 22. A. unwillingly B. undoubtedly C. unknowingly D. unexpectedly 23 A. walked B. inched C. wandered D. fled 24. A. pulled over B. stepped down C. looked up D. turned off 25. A. greeted B. flowed C. reached D. towered 26. A. admit B. fill C. control D. read 27. A. amazement B. curiosity C. amusement D. confusion 28. A. pushed B. moved C. swung D. bathed 29. A. Doubts B. Ideas C. Questions D. Requests 30. A. signal B. symbol C. symptom D. sign 31. A. Each B. Some C. One D. That 32. A. surely B. barely C. mostly D. instantly 33. A. beginning B. intention C. ending D. absence 34. A. set off B. worked out C. set down D. worked at 35. A. Later B. Better C. Happier D. Harder 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The English word “garden” gives an entirely wrong idea of the Chinese yuan, for “garden” suggests a lawn and a wide ____36____ (vary) of flowers, altogether too formal and tidy to suit Chinese taste. The Chinese yuan suggests first of all a wild landscape, perhaps better arranged and more artistically ____37____ (plan) than nature, but still a bit of nature itself, with trees, creeks, and flowers. Dotted in this natural landscape are the human structures like pavilions and long winding corridors, so ____38____ (perfect) belonging to the scenery as to become a whole with it. The Chinese garden ____39____ (characterize) by studied disorderliness. There are no even-cut bushes or symmetric (对称的) rows lining avenues. No Chinese house allows an outsider ____40____ (look) through the iron gates, for that would be against the principle of concealment (隐蔽). Facing the gate, we see a small courtyard giving no idea of the expansiveness of space inside, and leading one step by step into newer views, in ____41____ continual series of surprises and astonishments. ____42____ wooden framework supporting most of the weight of the house, windows, doors and walls are not limited to certain locations. The essential idea of interior (室内的) decoration is the beauty of simplicity. Home designs are not something ____43____ (impress) we buy from a first-class firm. ____44____ tells a home from a public building is the personal touch that we give it. It is only when the spirit of leisure and loving care exists ____45____ living at home can become an art and a pleasure. Adaptation from My Country and My People by Lin Yutang 第三部分 写作(共三节，满分50分) 第一节 单词拼写。(共10题，每题1分，满分10分) 请根据中文释义，用Book 4 Unit 2—Book 4 Unit 5单词的适当形式填空。 46. The story is a magical mixture of ________ (幻想) and reality. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. We can observe that ________ (人工的) intelligence has already made an impact on our lives in many ways. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48. New Zealand has the ________ (极佳的) natural environment, which is perfect for outdoor activities. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. She has been___________(提倡) environmental protection by organizing community clean-up events and raising awareness about climate change. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. __________(漫步)around the ancient streets, you can see the local people's traditional lifestyle. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 51. After the exam, students wait for the result with ______ (焦虑). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. Without thinking I got out of my car, held my hand up and ______ (弯腰) down to look at the butterfly. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 53. To be frank, I was____________(完全地，彻底地)relieved after chatting with the expert. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 54. As far as I am concerned, teaching is a demanding but _____________ (值得做的，有益的) job. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. Last summer, when the prime minister successfully handled a series of ___________ (危机) he seemed able to turn floodwaters into wine. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第二节 应用文写作。(共1题，满分15分) 56. 假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Tony下个月要以交换生的身份来到你校交流，发邮件向你询问中国人在日常交际中常见的肢体语言。请你回复邮件，内容包括： 1.欢迎他到来； 2.介绍日常生活中常见的肢体语言； 3.邀请他到时住在你家。 注意：1.词数100左右 ； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第三节 读后续写。(共1题，满分25分) 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Gabriel had always been fascinated by robots. His mother, however, did not think much of it. She often criticized him, urging him to focus on his schoolwork instead of those“ useless machines”, as she called them. She wanted him to spend more time on his books, and less time lost in the world of robotics. He, however, always worked quietly on parts, trying to create inventions that could solve everyday problems. One day, Gabriel came back from school, bursting through the front door, holding a shining award in his hand. The gas detection robot he had built for months had just won first place in the regional competition. His heart raced as he imagined his mother would be proud this time. “Mom! Look! I won!” he cried. His mother, standing at the kitchen counter, looked briefly. She sighed, “That’s nice, Gabriel, but I still don’t see what good it will do you. It’s not going to help you with your grades or get you into college. You need to focus on something more practical.” Her voice showed no interest. Gabriel remained quiet, determined to prove that what he was doing had value. One evening, as the delicious smell of dinner floated through the house, an unexpected danger was quietly closing. Gabriel’s mother had been busy in the kitchen but had forgotten to turn off the gas. Unaware of the coming threat, she had wandered into the living room, settling down comfortably in front of the TV. The gas continued to escape, silently filling the air. The house was on the edge of a disaster. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150 左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Suddenly, a loud alarm rang through the house. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Gabriel’s mother held the robot gently in her arms, waiting for Gabriel to get back from school. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $