13 历史人物-2025年中考英语新热点时文阅读

2025年中考英语新热点时文阅读-历史人物 题型 主要内容 1 短文填空 本文讲述了一个关于包拯（包青天）的故事。他帮助一个小男孩找回被偷的铜币，通过判断油花的方法揪出小偷，显示了他的聪明才智和正义感。 2 短文填空 成语“退避三舍”的来历和含义。 3 短文填空 齐国派遣晏子去楚国求援的故事。 4 短文填空 苏轼“发奋识遍天下字，立志读尽人间书”对联背后的故事。 5 短文填空 介绍了《如梦令》这首词的创作背景，以及作者李清照的基本情况。 6 短文填空 介绍了唐代著名诗人李白的事迹，其中还讲述了杜甫和李白的友谊。 7 短文填空 唐太宗知人善用的故事。 8 阅读理解 介绍了宋代大文豪苏轼在中秋节创作的诗歌《水调歌头》及其背后的故事和情感，探讨人生的离合悲欢、月亮的圆缺变化以及积极面对生活的人生态度。 9 完形填空 讲述了“空城计”这一故事。 10 完形填空 俞伯牙和钟子期知音难求的感人故事。 01 （24-25九年级上·福建三明·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Have you ever heard of Bao Zheng or Bao Qingtian? Today, I’m going to share you a story about him, which is 1 (real) famous among Chinese people. A young boy made a living by 2 (sell) fried dough sticks (油条) in the market. One day he fell asleep on 3 rock after he got 100 copper coins. When he woke up, he found 4 (he) coins were gone. The boy cried because the money was used to pay for the 5 (medicine) treatment of his sick mother. Bao Zheng happened to pass through the market. 6 he found out what happened, he had a wonderful idea. He told everyone in the market to put a coin into a basin (脸盆) filled 7 water. And guess what? When a coin created an oil bloom (油花) in the water, Bao Zheng pointed out the man who dropped the coin 8 (steal) the boy’s coins. Bao Zheng explained, “The boy was the only one who sold oily products in the market, and the man’s coin was the only one that created an oil bloom in the basin.” Lots of stories about Bao Zheng were made into some movies, 9 (novel), operas, and so on. Today Bao Zheng is still regarded as one of the 10 (great) officials in history and he is loved by Chinese people. He is truly a legend (传说). 02 （23-24九年级上·内蒙古呼和浩特·期中）How long or far is sanshe in the idiom “tuibi sanshe (退避三舍)”? In ancient times, she was a unit of distance. One she is as far as 30 li. One li is 500 meters and 30 li is 15,000 meters. So sanshe is 45 k 1 . There is a story behind this idiom. During the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC), Prince Chong’er of the Jin state ran away f 2 his home state. He wanted to travel to other states. Once, he went to the state of Chu. King Chengwang of Chu saw him a 3 an important guest and served him a feast (盛宴). He asked Chong’er, “If you rule the state of Jin one day, how would you thank me?” “It seems your state has e 4 you want. I have nothing that you like,” Chong’er said. However, the king still asked for something. Finally, Chong’er said, “I would ask my army to retreat (撤退) sanshe if we ever fight.” Later, Chong’er returned to his home state of Jin and became i 5 ruler called Wengong. Both of the two states wanted to become stronger and get m 6 land. They went to war with each other. Jin Wengong didn’t break h 7 promise. He asked his army to retreat sanshe and stay in Chengpu. The Chu army t 8 that the Jin soldiers were afraid to fight, so they followed them. T 9 their surprise, the Jin army surrounded (包围) them. In the end, Jin w 10 the war. This was the famous Battle of Chengpu. After this war, people used “tuibi sanshe” to mean retreating to avoid a conflict (冲突). 03 （23-24九年级上·江苏泰州·期中）综合填空 根据短文内容，在横线上填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺。 Many years ago, there were many states in China. The State of Qi used to be very strong, but it became less powerful. So the king of Qi sent Yan Zi, 1 man with big wisdom, to ask Chu to support each other. The king of Chu knew Yan Zi was very short. He tried to make Yan Zi feel shy about his 2 (high). When Yan Zi arrived, the guard told him to enter 3 the small gate. Yan Zi didn’t get angry. “Only a state of dogs will greet 4 (visit) with a gate for dogs. I’m visiting the State of Chu. This gate isn’t for me.” Yan Zi said. So the guard had to take him through the main gate. Yan Zi’s action 5 (consider) to be against the king of Chu. So the king tried another way. “Why did Qi send YOU? Don’t they have anyone 6 (good)?” “If Qi meets a great king, it’ll send the best ambassador (使臣). I’m the worst. That’s why I’m here.” Yan Zi 7 (reply) calmly. At this time, the guards brought a thief (小偷) to the king. The thief is from Qi, “Ha! Yan Zi, is Qi a state of thieves?” asked the king 8 (rude). Yan Zi answered, “The orange trees south of Huai River produce big and delicious fruit, 9 the orange trees north of Huai River produce small and sour fruit. The environment makes the fruit grow differently. In Qi, people are good and honest, but here, they steal. What made that person 10 (be) a thief here?” Finally, the king looked at Yan Zi and laughed. “I was wrong about you and your state!” 04 （2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题） Su Shi, known as Su Dongpo, was a famous Chinese writer, poet and painter. When he was young, he read a lot of books and wrote many good articles. People thought 1 (high) of him. Because of this, he became very proud and wrote a couplet (对联) for 2 (him). Knowing all the words in the world; Reading all the books on the earth. A wise old man saw this couplet and thought, “It is necessary for Su Shi 3 (learn) how to be modest.” So, one day, he came to Su Shi’s house with a book. The old man showed Su Shi the book and explained, “So far, I 4 (read) the book several times, but there are still some difficult words that I can’t understand. I have asked many people, but none of them could understand their 5 (meaning). I have heard that you are a person of rich knowledge, so I come to ask you.” Full of confidence, Su Shi took the book from the old 6 (man) hand, but when he opened it, he became very 7 (surprise) because there were many words he didn’t know. At that moment, Su Shi realized that there were many more things that he had to learn. Actually, the old man knew every word in this book. He just wanted to make Su Shi know the importance of 8 (be) modest. Su Shi was embarrassed (尴尬的) and said, “Now I know why you came. I shouldn’t have been so arrogant (自大的).” The old man smiled and 9 (leave). Then Su Shi quickly took his brush and ink, and added some words to the couplet: Working hard to know all the words in the world; Being determined to read all the books on the earth. From then on, he worked even 10 (hard) than before. Finally, Su Shi made great achievements in many fields, especially in literature. 05 （2024·内蒙古兴安盟·二模）阅读下面短文，根据首字母、音标、汉语意思、语境和所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文意思完整。 Tune: Like a Dream —Flowers after rain Song dynasty Li Qingzhao Last night the wind was strong and rain was fine, Sound sleep did not dispel (驱散) the after taste of wine. I ask the maid (侍女) who’s rolling up the screen, “The same crab-apple tree,” she says, “is seen.” “Don’t you know, don’t you know, The red should languish (凋萎) and the green must grow.” (Translated by Xu Yuanchong) About the poem This ci was w 1 by a woman poet named Li Qingzhao in Song Dynasty of China. She wrote it when she was a young girl. It showed 2 (she) love of life and nature. One night, it was very windy and 3 (rain). Li woke up the next morning and asked her maid (侍女) how the flowers outside looked. The maid did not care too much about the flowers. She 4 (simple) said the flowers looked the same. But Li knew much better, even without 5 (see) the flowers. She told her maid that the red flowers must have fallen and the green 6 (leaf) must have grown. Li used 7 (对话) to write this ci. It brought out different characteristics (特点) in both people. The maid was careless, 8 the poet was quick and sensitive (敏感的). About the poet Li Qingzhao (1084-1155) was one of the most 9 /ˈfeɪməs/ women poets in ancient China. Her early poems were usually cheerful. But later in her life, her country, the Northern Song (960-1127) was defeated and her husband passed away. After that, Li’s poems 10 (be) often lonely and sad. 06 （2024·宁夏吴忠·一模）根据下面短文，写出与各小题所给汉语或首字母提示相对应的英语单词的正确形式。 Li Bai was a great poet in the Tang Dynasty. He loved nature, e 1 big mountains and rivers. He left home and traveled to Chengdu and Mount Emei, and then down the Yangtze River when he was 24 years old. Li Bai wrote lots of poems about the beautiful mountains. He also wrote a lot about the m 2 . These poems are loved by many Chinese people, for example Thoughts on a Tranquil Night (《静夜思》) . In his forties, Li Bai met another great poet, Du Fu, in Luoyang. They two became c 3 friends. They traveled together for some time, visited other poets and had a great time. Li Bai gave Du Fu a lot of inspiration in the art of poetry, but t 4 poems were different. Li Bai’s poems were usually about nature, while Du Fu wrote many poems to express the feelings of the ordinary people. They will always be r 5 by us. 07 （2024·江苏盐城·三模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限一词。   During the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong asked the prime minister Feng Deyi to recommend talented people. However, several months p 1 , Feng didn’t recommend anyone. “I tried my best, but there are not unusual and perfect people at all,” Feng said. “People are l 2 objects. What we need to do is to make good use of their strengths. You should be not s 3 with yourself for not noticing talented people. How could you say that there are no talented people in our time?” said the emperor. Indeed, e 4 object or tool has its own use. A knife is made to cut things w 5 chopsticks are made to pick up food. We can’t use a knife as a chopstick. Like an object, each person has a specific strength. Nobody is perfect. We can’t e 6 a person to be good at everything. With this idea in mind, Emperor Taizong discovered many talented people of different backgrounds. He o 7 them important positions, which helped them make the most of their talents. His talented people helped the society develop and c 8 a “golden age”. Ma Zhou was one of the talented people, who grew up in a poor family. Ma gave plenty of useful a 9 , so Emperor Taizong offered him a position and promoted him many times. Ma helped the emperor deal with difficult m 10 and became a well-known person in history. Ma was only one of them, there were many talented people discovered at that time. 08 （23-24九年级上·河南安阳·期中）When people enjoy the moon on the Mid-Autumn Festival, an ancient poem, Prelude to Water Melody, is often read. The story of the poem dates back to the Mid-Autumn Festival in 1076. Su Shi, a great writer of the Song Dynasty, couldn’t sleep that night. For seven years, he had been separated from his brother. Looking at the moon and thinking of his brother, he wrote the poem. Here are some famous lines. Men have sorrow and joy, they part or meet again； The moon is bright or dim and she may wax (月满) or wane (月缺). There has been nothing perfect since the olden days. So let us wish that man will live long as he can! Though miles apart, we’ll share the beauty she displays. In the first two lines, the writer compares the life of a man to the changing face of the moon. In Chinese culture, a full moon symbolizes perfection and getting together. When the moon is round and fair but people are separated from their loved ones Before the comparison, Su Shi complains (抱怨) about the “ruthless (无情的)” moon and asks her, “Why when people part, are you often full and bright?” However, he soon realizes that no one has an easy ride, just like the moon may not always be bright. That’s why the poet says “There has been nothing perfect since the olden days”. But should we stand still with things that we can’t make a difference? Su Shi gives his answer: Change your mind and stay positive. So, we have the last line of the poem. The poet hopes people can avoid losing in the sadness of life and instead enjoy the fact that no matter where they are, as long as the ones they love and miss are healthy and happy, they all can admire the same moon and share this beauty. 1．What’s the Chinese title of the poem Prelude to Water Melody? A．《水调歌头》 B．《山居秋暝》 C．《望月怀远》 D．《十五夜望月》 2．In which background did Su Shi write this poem? A．His country was in a war. B．His family went through a hard time. C．He hadn’t seen his brother for seven years. D．He was sent to a faraway place as an official. 3．Su Shi compared people’s life to ________ in the poem. A．the rising of the sun B．the beautiful flowers C．the changing face of the moon D．the different sizes of mooncakes 4．We can infer (推断) that Su Shi was full of ________ when writing the last line. A．thanks B．hope C．surprise D．worries 5．What does the poem want to tell us in the end? A．Stay positive about life. B．Be confident in yourself. C．Be brave to face difficulties. D．Keep a close relationship with your family. 09 （24-25九年级上·广东广州·期中）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In ancient China, there was a wise man named Zhuge Liang. He was good at 1 difficulties in smart ways. The use of the “Empty City Strategy” was one of them. One day, Zhuge Liang found himself in a/an 2 situation. Sima Yi’s army was reported being 3 and Zhuge’s support was still far away. Zhuge Liang soon had an idea. He sent his soldiers to West City. Zhuge Liang ordered them to 4 the city gates and sent them to clean the roads. The men couldn’t understand Zhuge Liang’s request, but Zhuge told them not to 5 . Then he had secretly sent many soldiers around for the coming war. Zhuge himself went up the city wall and began to play his favourite music there. However, when Sima Yi’s army arrived and saw the open gates, empty streets, and only a few old soldiers working as cleaners, they 6 and didn’t enter the city. Zhuge told them that the city was empty and he had prepared to welcome the enemy. Sima Yi believed it was a 7 since Zhuge had never taken any unsure plans in his life and he couldn’t be 8 trusted. So, Sima Yi’s army camped miles away outside West City. Later, general Zhao Yun returned to West City. Zhuge Liang sent Zhao to attack the 9 and he went back to his State right away. Sima Yi was again told by his men that West City was empty. When he headed towards West City for the second time, he met Zhao Yun and the hidden soldiers. When he finally learnt what had happened, he realized why he was 10 , and left that area. 1．A．avoiding B．describing C．solving D．winning 2．A．boring B．awful C．strange D．interesting 3．A．bigger B．nearer C．weaker D．smarter 4．A．rebuild B．paint C．clean D．unlock 5．A．worry B．scare C．fight D．shout 6．A．succeeded B．doubted C．reported D．pretended 7．A．trick B．show C．game D．match 8．A．fully B．nearly C．easily D．suddenly 9．A．gate B．heart C．city D．enemy 10．A．told B．killed C．beaten D．caught 10 （2024·河北唐山·二模）阅读下面短文，从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Have you ever heard of the story about Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi? Their friendship is a(n) 1 of the ideal (理想的) Chinese friendship. Here is the story. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there lived a great musician named Yu Boya. He played the musical instrument guqin very well. Unluckily, few people could 2 his music. One day, Boya went traveling by boat. On his way, he met with a big 3 and stopped the boat by the riverside. When the rain stopped, seeing the beautiful scenery (景色), he was very 4 . So he took out his guqin and began to play. As he was throwing himself into playing music, he 5 noticed that somebody was listening to him by the riverside. That person was Zhong Ziqi. Boya 6 him to his boat and played for him. He played one tune (曲子) that described the high mountain and the running water. Zhong understood it and respected Boya for his musical 7 . Boya was very excited, and said, “Dear friend! Only you can understand my music!” They 8 that they would meet again in the same place the next year. The following year, Boya arrived on time, 9 he didn’t see Zhong. Later he learned that his friend had died of an illness. Yu felt so sad that he broke his qin and never played it again. From then on, people use “High Mountains and Flowing Water” to 10 valuable friendship between people. True friendship isn’t about who the people are, or how long they’ve known each other, instead, it is about people who can truly understand each other. 1．A．rule B．part C．example D．character 2．A．forget B．believe C．realize D．understand 3．A．rain B．boat C．instrument D．fish 4．A．bored B．excited C．proud D．sad 5．A．suddenly B．luckily C．carefully D．slowly 6．A．sent B．invited C．refused D．threw 7．A．rule B．talent C．journey D．score 8．A．agreed B．doubted C．minded D．wondered 9．A．if B．so C．but D．because 10．A．believe B．feel C．learn D．describe 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年中考英语新热点时文阅读-历史人物 题型 主要内容 1 短文填空 本文讲述了一个关于包拯（包青天）的故事。他帮助一个小男孩找回被偷的铜币，通过判断油花的方法揪出小偷，显示了他的聪明才智和正义感。 2 短文填空 成语“退避三舍”的来历和含义。 3 短文填空 齐国派遣晏子去楚国求援的故事。 4 短文填空 苏轼“发奋识遍天下字，立志读尽人间书”对联背后的故事。 5 短文填空 介绍了《如梦令》这首词的创作背景，以及作者李清照的基本情况。 6 短文填空 介绍了唐代著名诗人李白的事迹，其中还讲述了杜甫和李白的友谊。 7 短文填空 唐太宗知人善用的故事。 8 阅读理解 介绍了宋代大文豪苏轼在中秋节创作的诗歌《水调歌头》及其背后的故事和情感，探讨人生的离合悲欢、月亮的圆缺变化以及积极面对生活的人生态度。 9 完形填空 讲述了“空城计”这一故事。 10 完形填空 俞伯牙和钟子期知音难求的感人故事。 01 （24-25九年级上·福建三明·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Have you ever heard of Bao Zheng or Bao Qingtian? Today, I’m going to share you a story about him, which is 1 (real) famous among Chinese people. A young boy made a living by 2 (sell) fried dough sticks (油条) in the market. One day he fell asleep on 3 rock after he got 100 copper coins. When he woke up, he found 4 (he) coins were gone. The boy cried because the money was used to pay for the 5 (medicine) treatment of his sick mother. Bao Zheng happened to pass through the market. 6 he found out what happened, he had a wonderful idea. He told everyone in the market to put a coin into a basin (脸盆) filled 7 water. And guess what? When a coin created an oil bloom (油花) in the water, Bao Zheng pointed out the man who dropped the coin 8 (steal) the boy’s coins. Bao Zheng explained, “The boy was the only one who sold oily products in the market, and the man’s coin was the only one that created an oil bloom in the basin.” Lots of stories about Bao Zheng were made into some movies, 9 (novel), operas, and so on. Today Bao Zheng is still regarded as one of the 10 (great) officials in history and he is loved by Chinese people. He is truly a legend (传说). 【答案】 1．really 2．selling 3．a 4．his 5．medical 6．After 7．with 8．stole 9．novels 10．greatest 【导语】本文讲述了一个关于包拯（包青天）的故事。他帮助一个小男孩找回被偷的铜币，通过判断油花的方法揪出小偷，显示了他的聪明才智和正义感。 1．句意：今天，我将与你分享一个关于他的故事，这在中国人中非常有名。根据“famous among Chinese people”可知，空处修饰形容词famous，应用“really”，表示“非常，的确”。故填really。 2．句意：一个小男孩通过卖油条谋生。介词“by”后跟动名词。故填selling。 3．句意：一天，他在得到100文铜钱后，在一块石头上睡着了。空处泛指“一块石头”，“rock”以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词“a”修饰。故填a。 4．句意：他发现他的硬币不见了。空处修饰名词“coins ”，此处应填形容词性物主代词“his”，表示“他的”。故填his。 5．句意：男孩哭了，因为这些钱是用来支付他生病的母亲的药费的。空处修饰名词“treatment”，需用形容词medical，表示“医疗的”。故填medical。 6．句意：得知发生了什么后，他想出了一个绝妙的主意。根据“he found out what happened”可知，此处是指在他得知发生了什么后，想出了一个主意，after“在……之后”，引导时间状语从句。故填After。 7．句意：他告诉市场上的每个人把一枚硬币放入装满水的脸盆中。fill with表示“装有”。故填with。 8．句意：当一枚硬币在水中形成油花时，包拯指出扔硬币的人偷走了男孩的硬币根据“the man who dropped the coin”可知，此处是宾语从句，the man是从句主语，从句缺少谓语动词，结合“Bao Zheng pointed out the man”可知，本句是一般过去时。故填stole。 9．句意：许多关于包拯的故事被改编成电影、小说、戏剧等。novel“小说”，可数名词；some后跟可数名词复数。故填novels。 10．句意：今天，包拯仍然被视为历史上最伟大的官员之一，并受到中国人民的喜爱。one of+the+最高级+名词复数，表示“……中最……之一”。故填greatest。 02 （23-24九年级上·内蒙古呼和浩特·期中）How long or far is sanshe in the idiom “tuibi sanshe (退避三舍)”? In ancient times, she was a unit of distance. One she is as far as 30 li. One li is 500 meters and 30 li is 15,000 meters. So sanshe is 45 k 1 . There is a story behind this idiom. During the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC), Prince Chong’er of the Jin state ran away f 2 his home state. He wanted to travel to other states. Once, he went to the state of Chu. King Chengwang of Chu saw him a 3 an important guest and served him a feast (盛宴). He asked Chong’er, “If you rule the state of Jin one day, how would you thank me?” “It seems your state has e 4 you want. I have nothing that you like,” Chong’er said. However, the king still asked for something. Finally, Chong’er said, “I would ask my army to retreat (撤退) sanshe if we ever fight.” Later, Chong’er returned to his home state of Jin and became i 5 ruler called Wengong. Both of the two states wanted to become stronger and get m 6 land. They went to war with each other. Jin Wengong didn’t break h 7 promise. He asked his army to retreat sanshe and stay in Chengpu. The Chu army t 8 that the Jin soldiers were afraid to fight, so they followed them. T 9 their surprise, the Jin army surrounded (包围) them. In the end, Jin w 10 the war. This was the famous Battle of Chengpu. After this war, people used “tuibi sanshe” to mean retreating to avoid a conflict (冲突). 【答案】 1．(k)ilometers 2．(f)rom 3．(a)s 4．(e)verything 5．(i)ts 6．(m)ore 7．(h)is 8．(t)hought 9．(T)o 10．(w)on 【导语】本文详细描述了成语“退避三舍”的来历和含义。 1．句意：因此三舍是45千米。根据“So sanshe is 45”可知是指45千米。kilometers“千米”，用复数。故填(k)ilometers。 2．句意：在春秋时期（公元前770年—公元前476年），晋国的公子重耳逃离了他的故国。ran away from“逃离”，故填(f)rom。 3．句意：楚成王视他为重要宾客，并设宴款待他。根据“an important guest”可知是指视他为重要宾客，as“作为”，故填(a)s。 4．句意：看来你的国家拥有你想要的一切。根据“It seems your state has…you want.”可知是指拥有你想要的一切。everything“一切”，故填(e)verything。 5．句意：后来，重耳回到他的故国晋国，并成为了晋国的国君，史称晋文公。根据“became…ruler called Wengong”可知是指成为了它的国君，its“它的”，故填(i)ts。 6．句意：这两个国家都想要变得更强大，获取更多的土地。根据“wanted to become stronger and get…land.”可知是指获取更多的土地。more“更多”，故填(m)ore。 7．句意：晋文公没有食言。根据“Jin Wengong didn’t break…promise.”可知是指没有打破他的承诺，his“他的”，故填(h)is。 8．句意：楚军认为晋兵不敢战，于是跟随他们。根据“The Chu army…that the Jin soldiers were afraid to fight”可知是指认为晋兵不敢战，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式thought“认为”，故填(t)hought。 9．句意：令他们惊讶的是，晋军将他们包围了。to one’s surprise“令某人吃惊的是”，故填(T)o。 10．句意：最后，晋赢了战争。根据“the Jin army surrounded (包围) them”可知是指晋赢了战争。时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式won“赢”，故填(w)on。 03 （23-24九年级上·江苏泰州·期中）综合填空 根据短文内容，在横线上填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺。 Many years ago, there were many states in China. The State of Qi used to be very strong, but it became less powerful. So the king of Qi sent Yan Zi, 1 man with big wisdom, to ask Chu to support each other. The king of Chu knew Yan Zi was very short. He tried to make Yan Zi feel shy about his 2 (high). When Yan Zi arrived, the guard told him to enter 3 the small gate. Yan Zi didn’t get angry. “Only a state of dogs will greet 4 (visit) with a gate for dogs. I’m visiting the State of Chu. This gate isn’t for me.” Yan Zi said. So the guard had to take him through the main gate. Yan Zi’s action 5 (consider) to be against the king of Chu. So the king tried another way. “Why did Qi send YOU? Don’t they have anyone 6 (good)?” “If Qi meets a great king, it’ll send the best ambassador (使臣). I’m the worst. That’s why I’m here.” Yan Zi 7 (reply) calmly. At this time, the guards brought a thief (小偷) to the king. The thief is from Qi, “Ha! Yan Zi, is Qi a state of thieves?” asked the king 8 (rude). Yan Zi answered, “The orange trees south of Huai River produce big and delicious fruit, 9 the orange trees north of Huai River produce small and sour fruit. The environment makes the fruit grow differently. In Qi, people are good and honest, but here, they steal. What made that person 10 (be) a thief here?” Finally, the king looked at Yan Zi and laughed. “I was wrong about you and your state!” 【答案】 1．a 2．height 3．through 4．visitors 5．was considered 6．better 7．replied 8．rudely 9．while 10．be 【导语】本文主要写了齐国派遣晏子去楚国求援的故事。 1．句意：于是齐王派了一个有大智慧的人晏子去请楚国互相支持。此处泛指“一个人”，man以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 2．句意：他试图让晏子对自己的身高感到羞愧。形容词性物主代词后加名词height“身高”。故填height。 3．句意：晏子到了，卫兵叫他从小门进去。根据“enter...the small gate”可知是从小门进去，表示从内部穿过用介词through“穿过”。故填through。 4．句意：只有狗的国家才会用狗的门迎接来访者。根据“greet...”可知是迎接来访者，此处表示泛指用名词复数visitors“来访者”。故填visitors。 5．句意：晏子的行动被认为是对抗楚王的。be condidered to“被认为”，句子用一般过去时，主语是Yan Zi’s action，be动词用was。故填was considered。 6．句意：难道他们没有更好的人吗？根据“Don’t they have anyone”可知是反问齐国没有比晏子更好的人吗，用比较级better。故填better。 7．句意：晏子平静地回答。本文时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式replied“回答”。故填replied。 8．句意：国王粗鲁地问。修饰动词asked用副词rudely“粗鲁地”。故填rudely。 9．句意：橘生淮南则为橘，橘生淮北则为枳。根据“The orange trees south of Huai River produce big and delicious fruit...the orange trees north of Huai River produce small and sour fruit”可知前后两句是对比关系，用while“然而”连接。故填while。 10．句意：是什么让那个人成为小偷？make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”。故填be。 04 （2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题） Su Shi, known as Su Dongpo, was a famous Chinese writer, poet and painter. When he was young, he read a lot of books and wrote many good articles. People thought 1 (high) of him. Because of this, he became very proud and wrote a couplet (对联) for 2 (him). Knowing all the words in the world; Reading all the books on the earth. A wise old man saw this couplet and thought, “It is necessary for Su Shi 3 (learn) how to be modest.” So, one day, he came to Su Shi’s house with a book. The old man showed Su Shi the book and explained, “So far, I 4 (read) the book several times, but there are still some difficult words that I can’t understand. I have asked many people, but none of them could understand their 5 (meaning). I have heard that you are a person of rich knowledge, so I come to ask you.” Full of confidence, Su Shi took the book from the old 6 (man) hand, but when he opened it, he became very 7 (surprise) because there were many words he didn’t know. At that moment, Su Shi realized that there were many more things that he had to learn. Actually, the old man knew every word in this book. He just wanted to make Su Shi know the importance of 8 (be) modest. Su Shi was embarrassed (尴尬的) and said, “Now I know why you came. I shouldn’t have been so arrogant (自大的).” The old man smiled and 9 (leave). Then Su Shi quickly took his brush and ink, and added some words to the couplet: Working hard to know all the words in the world; Being determined to read all the books on the earth. From then on, he worked even 10 (hard) than before. Finally, Su Shi made great achievements in many fields, especially in literature. 【答案】 1．highly 2．himself 3．to learn 4．have read 5．meanings 6．man’s 7．surprised 8．being 9．left 10．harder 【导语】本文主要讲述了苏轼“发奋识遍天下字，立志读尽人间书”对联背后的故事。 1．句意：人们对他的评价很高。think highly of“高度评价”，用副词修饰动词，故填highly。 2．句意：因此，他很得意，给自己写了一副对联。根据“he became very proud and wrote a couplet (对联) for...”可知，他给自己写了一副对联，himself“他自己”符合语境，故填himself。 3．句意：一位智者看到这副对联，就想：“苏轼有必要学会谦虚。”此处是“It is+adj+for sb to do sth”句型，使用动词不定式作真正的主语，故填to learn。 4．句意：到目前为止，这本书我已经读了好几遍，但仍有一些难懂的词我不懂。根据“So far”可知，此处应使用现在完成时，故填have read。 5．句意：我问过很多人，但没有一个人能理解它们的意思。此处在动词后作宾语，用名词形式，meaning“意思”，their修饰可数名词复数。故填meanings。 6．句意：苏轼满怀信心地从老人手中接过书，但当他打开它时，他变得非常惊讶，因为里面有很多他不认识的词。此处作定语修饰“hand”，用名词所有格形式man’s，故填man’s。 7．句意：苏轼满怀信心地从老人手中接过书，但当他打开它时，他变得非常惊讶，因为里面有很多他不认识的词。根据“he became very...”可知，此处在句中作表语，修饰人，用surprised“惊讶的”，故填surprised。 8．句意：他只是想让苏轼知道谦虚的重要性。of是介词，其后用动名词作宾语，故填being。 9．句意：老人微笑着离开了。根据“The old man smiled and...”可知，是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填left。 10．句意：从那时起，他比以前更努力了。根据“than before”可知，应使用副词比较级，故填harder。 05 （2024·内蒙古兴安盟·二模）阅读下面短文，根据首字母、音标、汉语意思、语境和所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文意思完整。 Tune: Like a Dream —Flowers after rain Song dynasty Li Qingzhao Last night the wind was strong and rain was fine, Sound sleep did not dispel (驱散) the after taste of wine. I ask the maid (侍女) who’s rolling up the screen, “The same crab-apple tree,” she says, “is seen.” “Don’t you know, don’t you know, The red should languish (凋萎) and the green must grow.” (Translated by Xu Yuanchong) About the poem This ci was w 1 by a woman poet named Li Qingzhao in Song Dynasty of China. She wrote it when she was a young girl. It showed 2 (she) love of life and nature. One night, it was very windy and 3 (rain). Li woke up the next morning and asked her maid (侍女) how the flowers outside looked. The maid did not care too much about the flowers. She 4 (simple) said the flowers looked the same. But Li knew much better, even without 5 (see) the flowers. She told her maid that the red flowers must have fallen and the green 6 (leaf) must have grown. Li used 7 (对话) to write this ci. It brought out different characteristics (特点) in both people. The maid was careless, 8 the poet was quick and sensitive (敏感的). About the poet Li Qingzhao (1084-1155) was one of the most 9 /ˈfeɪməs/ women poets in ancient China. Her early poems were usually cheerful. But later in her life, her country, the Northern Song (960-1127) was defeated and her husband passed away. After that, Li’s poems 10 (be) often lonely and sad. 【答案】 1．(w)ritten 2．her 3．rainy 4．simply 5．seeing 6．leaves 7．dialog/dialogue 8．but 9．famous 10．were 【导语】本文介绍了《如梦令》这首词的创作背景，以及作者李清照的基本情况。 1．句意：这首词是中国宋代一位名叫李清照的女诗人写的。根据“This ci was w... by a woman poet named Li Qingzhao in Song Dynasty of China.”可知，此处指“这首词是由李清照写的”，was后跟过去分词written构成被动语态结构。故填(w)ritten。 2．句意：这表明了她对生活和自然的热爱。空处作定语修饰名词，应用形容词性物主代词her“她的”。故填her。 3．句意：一天晚上，风很大，雨也很大。根据“it was very windy and...”可知，空处是描绘天气的词，用形容词rainy“下雨的”作表语。故填rainy。 4．句意：她只是说这些花看起来没变。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词形式，故填simply。 5．句意：但李清照更清楚，即使没有看到这些花。介词without后跟动名词作宾语。故填seeing。 6．句意：她告诉她的侍女，红花一定已经落了，绿叶一定长出来了。根据“She told her maid that the red flowers must have fallen and the green...must have grown.”可知，此处表示复数含义，用名词复数leaves“叶子”。故填leaves。 7．句意：李清照用对话形式写了这首词。dialog/dialogue“对话”，在动词后作宾语。故填dialog/dialogue。 8．句意：女仆粗心大意，但诗人才思敏捷而敏感。空前空后在句意上存在转折关系，用but“但是”连接。故填but。 9．句意：李清照(1084-1155)是中国古代最著名的女诗人之一。根据所给音标可知，此处指famous“著名的”。故填famous。 10．句意：从那以后，李清照的诗常常是孤独和悲伤的。本句时态是一般过去时，主语是“Li’s poems”，be动词用were，故填were。 06 （2024·宁夏吴忠·一模）根据下面短文，写出与各小题所给汉语或首字母提示相对应的英语单词的正确形式。 Li Bai was a great poet in the Tang Dynasty. He loved nature, e 1 big mountains and rivers. He left home and traveled to Chengdu and Mount Emei, and then down the Yangtze River when he was 24 years old. Li Bai wrote lots of poems about the beautiful mountains. He also wrote a lot about the m 2 . These poems are loved by many Chinese people, for example Thoughts on a Tranquil Night (《静夜思》) . In his forties, Li Bai met another great poet, Du Fu, in Luoyang. They two became c 3 friends. They traveled together for some time, visited other poets and had a great time. Li Bai gave Du Fu a lot of inspiration in the art of poetry, but t 4 poems were different. Li Bai’s poems were usually about nature, while Du Fu wrote many poems to express the feelings of the ordinary people. They will always be r 5 by us. 【答案】1．(e)specially 2．(m)oon 3．(c)lose 4．(t)heir 5．(r)emembered 【导语】本文主要介绍了唐代著名诗人李白的事迹，其中还讲述了杜甫和李白的友谊。 1．句意：他热爱大自然，尤其是山川河流。根据“He loved nature, …big mountains and rivers.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“尤其是山川河流”，especially意为“尤其”，副词。故填(e)specially。 2．句意：他也写了很多关于月亮的东西。根据“These poems are loved by many Chinese people, for example Thoughts on a Tranquil Night”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“关于月亮的东西”，moon意为“月亮”，名词，月亮是独一无二的，因此此处用名词单数。故填(m)oon。 3．句意：他们俩成了亲密的朋友。根据“They two became…friends.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“亲密的朋友”，close意为“亲密的”，形容词作定语。故填(c)lose。 4．句意：李白在诗歌艺术上给了杜甫很多启发，但他们的诗是不同的。根据“Li Bai gave Du Fu a lot of inspiration in the art of poetry, but…poems were different.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“他们的诗”，their意为“他们的”，此处用形容词性物主代词。故填(t)heir。 5．句意：他们将永远被我们铭记。根据“They will always be…by us.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“被我们铭记”，remember意为“记得”，此处表示被动，应该用过去分词形式。故填(r)emembered。 07 （2024·江苏盐城·三模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限一词。   During the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong asked the prime minister Feng Deyi to recommend talented people. However, several months p 1 , Feng didn’t recommend anyone. “I tried my best, but there are not unusual and perfect people at all,” Feng said. “People are l 2 objects. What we need to do is to make good use of their strengths. You should be not s 3 with yourself for not noticing talented people. How could you say that there are no talented people in our time?” said the emperor. Indeed, e 4 object or tool has its own use. A knife is made to cut things w 5 chopsticks are made to pick up food. We can’t use a knife as a chopstick. Like an object, each person has a specific strength. Nobody is perfect. We can’t e 6 a person to be good at everything. With this idea in mind, Emperor Taizong discovered many talented people of different backgrounds. He o 7 them important positions, which helped them make the most of their talents. His talented people helped the society develop and c 8 a “golden age”. Ma Zhou was one of the talented people, who grew up in a poor family. Ma gave plenty of useful a 9 , so Emperor Taizong offered him a position and promoted him many times. Ma helped the emperor deal with difficult m 10 and became a well-known person in history. Ma was only one of them, there were many talented people discovered at that time. 【答案】 1．(p)assed 2．(l)ike 3．(s)atisfied 4．(e)ach/(e)very 5．(w)hile 6．(e)xpect 7．(o)ffered 8．(c)reate 9．(a)dvice 10．(m)atters 【导语】本文讲述了唐太宗知人善用的故事。 1．句意：然而，几个月过去了，冯没有推荐任何人。根据“During the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong asked the prime minister Feng Deyi to recommend talented people. However, several months...Feng didn’t recommend anyone.”可知，此处表达几个月过去了，pass“经过”，是动词，描述过去的事情，时态为一般过去时，动词需使用过去式。故填(p)assed。 2．句意：人就像东西。根据“What we need to do is to make good use of their strengths.”可知，此处是将人类比为东西，be动词后应使用介词like“像”。故填(l)ike。 3．句意：你不应该因为没有注意到有才华的人而自我满足。根据“You should be not s...with yourself for not noticing talented people. How could you say that there are no talented people in our time?”可知，此处表达不应该因为没有注意到有才华的人而自我满足，形容词短语be satisfied with...“对……满足”。故填(s)atisfied。 4．句意：事实上，每个物体或工具都有自己的用途。根据“Indeed,...object or tool has its own use. A knife is made to cut things...chopsticks are made to pick up food.”可知，此处表达每一个物体都有自己的用处，each/every“每一个”。故填(e)ach/(e)very。 5．句意：刀是用来切东西的，而筷子是用来夹食物的。根据“A knife is made to cut things...chopsticks are made to pick up food.”可知，此处需填连词，连接前后两个句子，此处前后句在对比刀和筷子，因此使用连词while“而”。故填(w)hile。 6．句意：我们不能指望一个人什么都擅长。根据“Like an object, each person has a specific strength. Nobody is perfect.”可知，此处表达我们不能指望一个人什么都擅长，动词词组expect sb. to do sth.“期待某人做某事”。故填(e)xpect。 7．句意：他为他们提供了重要的职位，这有助于他们充分发挥自己的才能。根据“He...them important positions, which helped them make the most of their talents.”可知，此处表达“太宗给人才提供了很多职位，动词offer“提供”，句子是一般过去时，动词需使用过去式。故填(o)ffered。 8．句意：他的人才帮助社会发展，创造了一个“黄金时代”。根据“His talented people helped the society develop and...a ‘golden age.’”可知，此处表达太宗知人善用，创造了一个盛世，动词create“创造”，此处动词与develop并列，使用原形即可。故填(c)reate。 9．句意：马给了他很多有用的建议，所以唐太宗给了他一个职位，并多次提拔他。根据“Ma Zhou was one of the talented people...Ma gave plenty of useful..., so Emperor Taizong offered him a position and promoted him many times.”可知，此处表达马给太宗提供了很多建议，不可数名词advice“建议”。故填(a)dvice。 10．句意：马帮助皇帝处理了一些棘手的事情，成为历史上有名的人物。根据“Ma helped the emperor deal with difficult...and became a well-known person in history.”可知，此处表达马为太宗处理了很多棘手的事情，名词matter“事情”，此处不止一件事情，应使用复数形式表示泛指。故填(m)tters。 08 （23-24九年级上·河南安阳·期中）When people enjoy the moon on the Mid-Autumn Festival, an ancient poem, Prelude to Water Melody, is often read. The story of the poem dates back to the Mid-Autumn Festival in 1076. Su Shi, a great writer of the Song Dynasty, couldn’t sleep that night. For seven years, he had been separated from his brother. Looking at the moon and thinking of his brother, he wrote the poem. Here are some famous lines. Men have sorrow and joy, they part or meet again； The moon is bright or dim and she may wax (月满) or wane (月缺). There has been nothing perfect since the olden days. So let us wish that man will live long as he can! Though miles apart, we’ll share the beauty she displays. In the first two lines, the writer compares the life of a man to the changing face of the moon. In Chinese culture, a full moon symbolizes perfection and getting together. When the moon is round and fair but people are separated from their loved ones Before the comparison, Su Shi complains (抱怨) about the “ruthless (无情的)” moon and asks her, “Why when people part, are you often full and bright?” However, he soon realizes that no one has an easy ride, just like the moon may not always be bright. That’s why the poet says “There has been nothing perfect since the olden days”. But should we stand still with things that we can’t make a difference? Su Shi gives his answer: Change your mind and stay positive. So, we have the last line of the poem. The poet hopes people can avoid losing in the sadness of life and instead enjoy the fact that no matter where they are, as long as the ones they love and miss are healthy and happy, they all can admire the same moon and share this beauty. 1．What’s the Chinese title of the poem Prelude to Water Melody? A．《水调歌头》 B．《山居秋暝》 C．《望月怀远》 D．《十五夜望月》 2．In which background did Su Shi write this poem? A．His country was in a war. B．His family went through a hard time. C．He hadn’t seen his brother for seven years. D．He was sent to a faraway place as an official. 3．Su Shi compared people’s life to ________ in the poem. A．the rising of the sun B．the beautiful flowers C．the changing face of the moon D．the different sizes of mooncakes 4．We can infer (推断) that Su Shi was full of ________ when writing the last line. A．thanks B．hope C．surprise D．worries 5．What does the poem want to tell us in the end? A．Stay positive about life. B．Be confident in yourself. C．Be brave to face difficulties. D．Keep a close relationship with your family. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宋代大文豪苏轼在中秋节创作的诗歌《水调歌头》及其背后的故事和情感，探讨人生的离合悲欢、月亮的圆缺变化以及积极面对生活的人生态度。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“When people enjoy the moon on the Mid-Autumn Festival, an ancient poem, Prelude to Water Melody, is often read.”可知，Prelude to Water Melody为诗歌的英译名，其中water“水”，名词；据此可以推断，这首诗的中文名为《水调歌头》。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段“For seven years, he had been separated from his brother. Looking at the moon and thinking of his brother, he wrote the poem.”可知，苏轼已经七年没见过他哥哥了，于是写了这首诗，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“In the first two lines, the writer compares the life of a man to the changing face of the moon.”可知，苏轼在诗中把人的一生比作月亮的变化。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“So, we have the last line of the poem. The poet hopes people can avoid losing in the sadness of life and instead enjoy the fact that no matter where they are, as long as the ones they love and miss are healthy and happy, they all can admire the same moon and share this beauty.”所以，诗人希望人们不要在生活的悲伤中迷失，而是享受这样一个事实：无论他们在哪里，只要他们所爱和想念的人健康快乐，他们都可以欣赏同一个月亮，分享这个美丽；据此可以推断，苏轼写最后一行的时候内心充满了希望。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据“But should we stand still with things that we can’t make a difference? Su Shi gives his answer: Change your mind and stay positive.”可知，苏轼在最后想要告诉我们要保持积极的态度。故选A。 09 （24-25九年级上·广东广州·期中）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In ancient China, there was a wise man named Zhuge Liang. He was good at 1 difficulties in smart ways. The use of the “Empty City Strategy” was one of them. One day, Zhuge Liang found himself in a/an 2 situation. Sima Yi’s army was reported being 3 and Zhuge’s support was still far away. Zhuge Liang soon had an idea. He sent his soldiers to West City. Zhuge Liang ordered them to 4 the city gates and sent them to clean the roads. The men couldn’t understand Zhuge Liang’s request, but Zhuge told them not to 5 . Then he had secretly sent many soldiers around for the coming war. Zhuge himself went up the city wall and began to play his favourite music there. However, when Sima Yi’s army arrived and saw the open gates, empty streets, and only a few old soldiers working as cleaners, they 6 and didn’t enter the city. Zhuge told them that the city was empty and he had prepared to welcome the enemy. Sima Yi believed it was a 7 since Zhuge had never taken any unsure plans in his life and he couldn’t be 8 trusted. So, Sima Yi’s army camped miles away outside West City. Later, general Zhao Yun returned to West City. Zhuge Liang sent Zhao to attack the 9 and he went back to his State right away. Sima Yi was again told by his men that West City was empty. When he headed towards West City for the second time, he met Zhao Yun and the hidden soldiers. When he finally learnt what had happened, he realized why he was 10 , and left that area. 1．A．avoiding B．describing C．solving D．winning 2．A．boring B．awful C．strange D．interesting 3．A．bigger B．nearer C．weaker D．smarter 4．A．rebuild B．paint C．clean D．unlock 5．A．worry B．scare C．fight D．shout 6．A．succeeded B．doubted C．reported D．pretended 7．A．trick B．show C．game D．match 8．A．fully B．nearly C．easily D．suddenly 9．A．gate B．heart C．city D．enemy 10．A．told B．killed C．beaten D．caught 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了“空城计”这一故事。 1．句意：他善于用巧妙的方法解决困难。 avoiding避免；describing描述；solving解决；winning获胜。根据下文“The use of the ‘Empty City Strategy’ was one of them.”可知，“空城计”就是使用巧妙的方法解决困难的例子，所以此处是指解决困难。故选C。 2．句意：一天，诸葛亮发现自己陷入了困境。 boring无聊的；awful糟糕的；strange奇怪的；interesting有趣的。根据下文“Zhuge’s support was still far away”和“Sima Yi’s army arrived”可知，司马懿的军队到了，而自己的援军还很远，所以此处是指诸葛亮处境很糟糕。故选B。 3．句意：据说司马懿的军队更近了，诸葛亮的援军还很远。 bigger更大的；nearer更近的；weaker更弱的；smarter更聪明的。根据“Zhuge’s support was still far away”可知，诸葛亮处境糟糕，援军还很远，所以此处是指司马懿的军队更近了。故选B。 4．句意：诸葛亮命令他们打开城门，并派他们去清扫道路。 rebuild重建；paint绘画；clean打扫；unlock开启。根据下文“when Sima Yi’s army arrived and saw the open gates”可知，司马懿的军队到了，看到城门是开着的，所以此处是指诸葛亮让人打开了城门。故选D。 5．句意：众人不明白诸葛亮的要求，诸葛亮叫他们不用担心。 worry担心；scare吓唬；fight打架；shout大叫。根据下文“Then he had secretly sent many soldiers around for the coming war.”可知，诸葛亮秘密地派了许多士兵来参加即将到来的战争，所以此处是指诸葛亮告诉他们不要担心。故选A。 6．句意：然而，当司马懿的军队到达时，看到大门敞开，街道空无一人，只有几个做清洁工的老兵，他们怀疑，没有进入城市。 succeeded成功的；doubted怀疑；reported报道；pretended假装。根据下文“didn’t enter the city”可知，军队没有进城，说明他们怀疑目前的状况。故选B。 7．句意：司马懿认为这是一个诡计，因为诸葛一生没有做过什么不确定的计划，他的话不能轻易相信。 trick诡计；show演出；game游戏；match比赛。根据“since Zhuge had never taken any unsure plans in his life”可知，因为诸葛一生中从来没有做过不确定的计划，所以司马懿认为这是一个诡计。故选A。 8．句意：司马懿认为这是一个诡计，因为诸葛一生没有做过什么不确定的计划，他的话不能轻易相信。 fully完全地；nearly几乎；easily容易地；suddenly突然地。根据“since Zhuge had never taken any unsure plans in his life”可知，因为诸葛一生中从来没有做过不确定的计划，所以此处是指不要轻易信任他的话。故选C。 9．句意：诸葛亮派赵云去攻打敌人，并且他马上就回了自己的国家。 gate大门；heart心；city城市；enemy敌人。根据下文“When he headed towards West City for the second time, he met Zhao Yun and the hidden soldiers.”可知，当司马懿第二次前往西城时，他遇到了赵云和隐藏的士兵；所以此处是指诸葛亮派赵云去攻打敌人，也就是司马懿及其军队。故选D。 10．句意：当他最终知道发生了什么时，他意识到自己为什么被打败了，于是离开了那个地区。 told告诉；killed杀死；beaten打败；caught抓住。根据上文“he met Zhao Yun and the hidden soldiers”和下文“left that area”可知，司马懿遇到了赵云和隐藏的士兵，然后离开了那个地区，说明他被打败了。故选C。 10 （2024·河北唐山·二模）阅读下面短文，从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Have you ever heard of the story about Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi? Their friendship is a(n) 1 of the ideal (理想的) Chinese friendship. Here is the story. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there lived a great musician named Yu Boya. He played the musical instrument guqin very well. Unluckily, few people could 2 his music. One day, Boya went traveling by boat. On his way, he met with a big 3 and stopped the boat by the riverside. When the rain stopped, seeing the beautiful scenery (景色), he was very 4 . So he took out his guqin and began to play. As he was throwing himself into playing music, he 5 noticed that somebody was listening to him by the riverside. That person was Zhong Ziqi. Boya 6 him to his boat and played for him. He played one tune (曲子) that described the high mountain and the running water. Zhong understood it and respected Boya for his musical 7 . Boya was very excited, and said, “Dear friend! Only you can understand my music!” They 8 that they would meet again in the same place the next year. The following year, Boya arrived on time, 9 he didn’t see Zhong. Later he learned that his friend had died of an illness. Yu felt so sad that he broke his qin and never played it again. From then on, people use “High Mountains and Flowing Water” to 10 valuable friendship between people. True friendship isn’t about who the people are, or how long they’ve known each other, instead, it is about people who can truly understand each other. 1．A．rule B．part C．example D．character 2．A．forget B．believe C．realize D．understand 3．A．rain B．boat C．instrument D．fish 4．A．bored B．excited C．proud D．sad 5．A．suddenly B．luckily C．carefully D．slowly 6．A．sent B．invited C．refused D．threw 7．A．rule B．talent C．journey D．score 8．A．agreed B．doubted C．minded D．wondered 9．A．if B．so C．but D．because 10．A．believe B．feel C．learn D．describe 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述的是俞伯牙和钟子期知音难求的感人故事。 1．句意：他们的友谊是理想的中国友谊的一个例子。 rule规则；part部分；example例子；character角色。根据“Their friendship”以及“of the ideal (理想的) Chinese friendship.”可知，应该说他们的友谊是理想的中国友谊的一个例子。故选C。 2．句意：不幸的是，很少有人能理解他的音乐。 forget忘记；believe相信；realize意识到；understand理解。根据“Unluckily, few people could”可知，是很少有人理解他的音乐。故选D。 3．句意：途中，他遇到了一场大雨，把船停在河边。 rain雨；boat船；instrument乐器；fish鱼。根据“and stopped the boat by the riverside.”以及后文提到的“When the rain stopped”可知，应该说他遇到了大雨。故选A。 4．句意：当雨停了，看到美丽的风景，他很兴奋，所以他拿出他的古琴，开始演奏。 bored无聊的；excited兴奋的；proud骄傲的；sad悲伤的。根据“seeing the beautiful scenery (景色), he was very”可知，应该说他很兴奋。故选B。 5．句意：正当他全神贯注地演奏音乐时，他突然注意到河边有人在听他演奏。 suddenly突然；luckily幸运地；carefully仔细地；slowly慢慢地。根据“As he was throwing himself into playing music”以及“noticed that somebody was listening to him by the riverside.”并结合语境可知，这里指的伯牙正在弹奏的时候，突然注意到河边有人在听他演奏。故选A。 6．句意：伯牙邀请他到自己的船上为他演奏。 sent发送；invited邀请；refused拒绝；threw扔。根据“him to his boat and played for him.”可知，设空处应该说邀请他到船上来。故选B。 7．句意：钟理解这一点，并尊重伯牙的音乐天赋。 rule规则；talent天赋；journey旅程；score分数。根据“Zhong understood it and respected Boya for his musical ”可知，指的是钟子期尊重他的音乐天赋。故选B。 8．句意：他们商定明年在同一个地方再见面。 agree商定；doubted怀疑；minded介意；wondered想知道。根据“that they would meet again in the same place the next year.”可知，他们商定明年在同一个地方再见面。故选A。 9．句意：第二年，伯牙准时到了，但没有见到钟。 if如果；so因此；but但是；because因为。根据“Boya arrived on time”以及“he didn’t see Zhong”可知，设空处前后文语境发生了转折，故选C。 10．句意：从那时起，人们就用“高山流水”来形容人与人之间宝贵的友谊。 believe相信；feel感觉；learn学习；describe描述。根据“valuable friendship between people.”可知，这里指的“高山流水”来描述人之间宝贵的友谊。故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$