2024-2025学年初高中英语衔接课程动词形式变化课件

简 单 句 的 基 本 句 型 主+谓 S V 主+谓+宾 S V O 主+谓+(间)宾+(直)宾 SV IO DO 主+谓+宾+宾补 S V O C 主+系+表 S V P There be句型 课前复习 1' 动词形式变化 学习目标1' By the end of this class, you will be able to: 1. improve your ability to analyze verbs. 2. develop the ability to write verb forms correctly. 3 Daniel wants to drink a bottle of juice. 谓语动词 语态 时态 人称 问题导学一1’ 决定谓语动词形式的是什么？ 谓语动词形式 do, does did will do/ be going to do am, is, are+ doing was, were+ doing have, has+ done 情态动词+do be+ done 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 含有情态动词 被动语态 点拨运用一14’ 动词形式讲练 一、动词原形 1、情态动词（can、could、may、might、should、must、needn’t、would、shall、had better）后跟动词原形。 We should （ follow ）the school rules . 2、动词不定式符号to后跟动词原形。 We are asked to (finish )our homework first . 3、助动词 do、does、did、will、shall后跟动词原形。 He didn’t (leave) the room without saying anything . 4、主语为第一人称、第二人称或复数的一般现在时态，谓语动词要用动词原形。 The boys often (speak) French . 5、由and、or、but连接的前后动词，如果前面的动词形式是原形，那么后面的动词也应该用原形。 follow finish leave speak We can (enjoy )the beautiful scenery and (relax) ourselves by traveling. 6、祈使句的第一个动词用原形。 (let)us be thankful to those who help us . 7、一听（hear）二看（see、watch）三使让（make、let）后跟动词原形不加to。 He spoke loudly to make others ______(hear) him clearly. enjoy relax Let hear 什么是“三单”？ “三单”是“第三人称单数”的简称。 在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。 8 一、复合不定代词（something、someone、somebody、anything、anybody、anyone、nothing、nobody、everything、everyone、everybody）作主语的一般现在时态，，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式. Nobody is here. 没人在这儿。 Everyone (have) his or her own dream . There is something wrong with the watch.这块手表有毛病。 二、当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。 ①“66” is a lucky number. “66”是个吉利数字。 ②“I” is a letter. “I”是个字母。 哪些主语是第三人称单数.....? has 9 三、动词不定式或动名词作主语的一般现在时态，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。 Listening to songs (be) a great way to relax ourselves. 四、表示重量、度量、时间、长度、价格、数字运算作主语时的一般现在时，谓语要用第三人称单数。 Two months (be) a long holiday . Ten dollars (be) very expensive . 五、由and、or连接的前后动词，如果前面的动词是第三人称单数形式，后一个动词也要用第三人称单数形式。 He seldom watches TV and (play) games . 注意： 1、表示客观真理、客观事实、自然现象的句子要用一般现在时态。 The teacher told us that the earth (move) around the sun. is is is plays moves 2、在由when、before、after、until、till 、as soon as等引导的时间状语从句和由if、unless、once条件状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时或含有情态动词时，从句要用一般现在时。 一般现在时的谓语动词形式有两种情况： （1）当主语是第一人称、第二人称或复数时，行为动词作要用原形；be动词作谓语要用am、is或are。 （2）当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要加s 或es. （3）be动词的第三人称单数是is；have的第三人称单数是has。 I can call you as soon as he ( come) back tomorrow. They won’t go climbing if it (rain ) next week comes rains 动词“三单”的变化规则 1.一般情况下，直接加-s。如： like-likes[s], run-runs[z], want-wants[ts], read-reads[dz], play-plays[z], eat-eats “s”发音规则 12 动词“三单”的变化规则 2.以s.x.sh.ch.结尾，加-es。如： watch-watches, teach-teaches, miss-misses, fix-fixes [iz] 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es。如： fly-flies, study-studies, try-tries, carry-carries [z] “es”发音规则 词尾所加“es”，发[iz]的音。 “es”发音规则 词尾所加 “es”，发[z]的音。 13 动词“三单”的变化规则 4.以o结尾的单词，加-es如: go-goes do-does [z] 5.动词be遇主语 第一人称单数“I”→be--am, 第二人称you→be--are, 第三人称单数he/she/it→be--is 6.动词have遇在主语 第三人称单数:have→has 14 用所给动词的正确形式填空。 1. He often___________(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy____________(be) in Class One. 3. We_________________(not watch) TV last Monday. 4.____________they___________(like) the World Cup? 5. We__________(go) to school from Monday to Saturday. 6.___________your parents________(read) newspapers every day? 7. The girl____________(teach) us English on Sundays. 8. She and I___________(take) a walk together every evening. 【同步训练】 has are did not watch Do like go Do read talk teaches 15 动词过去式变化规则 1.一般在动词末尾加-ed，如： pull-pulled, cook-cooked  2.结尾是e加d，如： taste-tasted, live-lived, hope-hoped 3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，（辅+元+辅）如： stop-stopped, prefer-preferred, 4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如： study-studied, cry-cried, carry-carried  16 三、动词用过去式(did) 1、表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，为一般过去时态，句子谓语动词要用过去式。 如何判定句子为一般过去时： （1）如果句子有表示过去且不涉及到现在时间状语last week、ago、yesterday等可判定为一般过去时。 We ( hold )a welcome party for him last month .(不涉及到现在的过去某个时间） We ( learn )two hundred words since last month .（虽然有过去的时间状语，但是涉及到现在） （2）通过语境来判定 I am now in New York with my friends Jenny .We by plane on Monday . A、arrive B、arrived C 、are arriving held have learnt B 2、and连接的两个动词，如果前面的动词是过去式，那么and后面的动词也要用过去式。 My classmate behaved well and (set) a good example for me ago . 四、动词用过去分词 1、表示过去发生的动作对现在发生了影响或从过去发生一直持续到现在的动作或状态，句子谓语动词要用“have/has+动词的过去分词” 。 The film for five minutes. A、begin B、began C、has begun D、 has been on 2、被动语态中谓语动词要用过去分词。 Nobody to go to Wuhan at the end of 2020,but many medical workers volunteered to help people there fight against COVID-19 . A、is asked B、asked C、was asked D、were asked D set C 3、make sth/sb done 或get sth /sb done 意思是“使某人/物做某事”。 (1).Teenagers shouldn’t be allowed to get their ears . A.pierce B. to pierce C. pierced D . are pierced (2). The teacher explained very carefully so that he could make himself . A . understand B. to understand C. understanding D . understood (3) . The teacher explained very carefully so that he could make his students . A . understand B. to understand C. understanding D . understood c D A 五、动词用“动词+ing 形式” 。 1、动词作主语可以用动名词，即“动词+ing”。（除祈使句和表示目的状语的动词外，放在句首的动词要加ing） （1） air pollution is very necessary for us . (2) air pollution ,we should take transportation more . (3) air pollution , or the environment will get worse and worse . A . To cut down B. Cutting down C. Cut down D . Cuting down 2、介词后面的动词要加ing People must stop the environment from getting worse . B 放在句首作主语 A 放在句首作目的状语 C 祈使句的第一个动词用原形 2、有些动词后面的动词要加ing形式 3、有些动词短语后面的动词要加ing形式 be busy doing sth 忙于……. be worth doing sth值得……. can’t help doing sth情不自禁…… feel like doing sth想要……. look forward to doing sth 期待……. be/get used to doing sth 习惯于…… have fun/problem/ trouble /difficulty doing sth 做某事有乐趣/问题/麻烦/困难 take up doing sth 开始从事…… end up doing sth 最终……. give up doing sth 放弃……. 动词 意思 动词 意思 动词 意思 practice 练习 suggest 建议 avoid 避免 mind 介意 keep 坚持 consider 考虑 enjoy 喜欢 prefer 更喜欢 miss 错过 注意： 有些动词后面既可以跟动词不定式，也可以跟动名词。 5、动名词放在名词前面，可以作定语。 I would like to join the (dance)club . stop to do sth 停下来去做某事 forget to do sth 忘记要做某事 stop doing sth 停止做某事 forget doing sth 忘记做过某事 try to do sth 设法（尽力）做某事 remember to do sth 记住要做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事 remember doing sth 记得做过某事 go on to do sth 接着去做另外一件事 mean to dosth 打算做某事 go on doing sth 继续做某事 mean doing sth 意味着做某事 dancing 六、动词用不定式形式 1、动词不定式可以作主语。（动词不定式作主语通常用it来指代，而把动词不定式结构放在句子后面） It’s very useful for us ( learn )a foreign language . 2、动词不定式可以作宾语。 I hope (enter) a senior high school after junior high school . 3、动词不定式作宾语补足语 My parents wish me (get ) together with them during the Spring Festival . 3、动词不定式作目的状语。 He got up early ( catch) an early bus . (live) a happy life , we should put more efforts. 4、动词不定式作定语，其结构为“名词+to+动词原形”。 Watching TV is a good way ( kill ) time . The reading room is a good place ( read ) books . 5、动词不定式作表语 My dream is ( become) an engineer . to learn to enter to catch To live to kill to read to become to get 1. I couldn’t afford __________ ( buy) such an expensive car . 2. _________ ( make) my dream come true , I must work hard and never give up. 3. _________( protect) the environment is our duty . 4. He often makes faces in class __________ (make) us _________(laugh) . 5. She seldom __________(travel) outside. 6. We will __________(invite) him to join us as soon as he ________(finish)his work. 7. Though Tom _______(be)born in England , he can’t ________( speak) English well. 8.I find it very amazing ________(finish) reading this novel in one day . 9.This book is worth _________( read). 10. This bridge ___________(build) last year . 11. Sorry , I am late . I _________(talk) with a friend and I completely forgot the time. to buy To make Protecting to make laugh travels invite finishes was speak to finish reading was built was talking 【同步训练】 The Golden Rule: 一个简单句只能有一个谓语动词。 如果要出现更多动词怎样表达呢？ 有三种方法啊。 加连词（but, and, so…）变成并列句； 加连词（because, when…）变成从句； 将其他动词变成非谓语动词 什么是 非谓语动词？ 非谓语动词就是不能作谓语的动词啊。 Daniel wants to drink a bottle of juice. 谓语动词 非谓语动词 1) 谓语动词的固定搭配 2) 固定句型 3) 意思的需要 决定非谓语动词形式是什么？ 问题导学二1’ 点拨运用二13’ 1. The twin brothers always keep________ (argue) about what TV programmes to watch. (2014南京) 2. It’s easy for local people _________(choose) various goods in Sunnyside Shopping Mall. （2014南京） 3._________(print) your report out, you only need to click on that icon. （2014无锡） arguing to choose To print ◆谓语动词的固定搭配 ◆固定句型 ◆意思的需要（做目的状语） Working hard every day makes him tired. There is a monkey jumping up and down. The man followed by security guards is our chairman. To get up early is necessary. Working hard every day makes him tired. There is a monkey jumping up and down. The man followed by security guards is our chairman. To get up early is necessary. 找找非谓语动词 【同步训练】 不定式 to do 过去分词 V-ed 动名词 V-ing 现在分词 V-ing 非谓语动词 1 2 3 4 动词 V-ing 过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作“感到……的”；现在分词多表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人……的”。 interested interesting excited exciting V-ed与V-ing作表语的区别： We are ____________(interest) in the film. The film is ____________ (interest) to us. Michelle sounded __________(excite) to hear the news. The news sounded __________(excite). I’d be interested to know what you think about it. It would be interesting to know what he really believed. We would be interested to hear your views on this subject. 31 1.Seeing from the hill, you will find the city looks like a big garden. 从山上看，你会发现这座城市就像一个大花园。 (see与句子的主语you之间是逻辑上的主谓关系) 2.Seen from the hill, the city looks like a big garden. 从山上看，这座城市就像一个大花园。 (see与句子的主语the city之间是逻辑上的动宾关系) 过去分词作状语: 现在分词作状语： Difference: 现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，即表主动。 观察下列句子，说出过去分词和现在分词作状语时的区别. 过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动。 1. Nervously ______ (face) with challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”. (2019高考北京卷改) developed faced 2. The manager was satisfied to see many new products ___________ (develop) after great effort. (2014四川卷) 高考链接 【同步训练】 Ordered Absorbed 4. ____________ (absorb) in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching. (2015天津卷) 3. _________ (order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time. (2016北京卷) 高考链接 过去分词作定语 fallen leaves a terrified lady a closed door 含义：过去分词作定语时，一般有___________或 _________的意义，还可表示___________。 被动 完成 状态 the risen sun polluted water spoken English the developed countries a retired teacher written exercises 被动 状态 完成 位置：单个过去分词作定语时，放在所修饰词的__________，常作____________定语。 前面 前置 过去分词作定语 位置：单个的过去分词作定语时，如果被修饰的词为_______________或指示代词 _______ 时，常作____________定语。 复合不定代词 He is one of those invited. There was nobody punished here. Is there anything unsolved? those 后置 过去分词作定语 位置：过去分词短语作定语时，放在所修饰词的__________，常作____________定语。 ① The books written by Lu Xun are popular． ② We’ll go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago． 后面 后置 被动 状态 完成 过去分词作定语 There is a polluted river nearby my village. There is a river ________________________ nearby my village. The books written by Lu Xun are popular． The books ____________________________________ are popular. 关系词 先行词 从句 which/that was polluted 定语从句 定语从句 which/that were written by Lu Xun 解题步骤： ① 找是否有谓语； ② 没有谓语填谓语动词 有谓语填非谓语动词 主谓一致 时态 语态 虚拟语气 定语：所修饰词与动词的关系 We’ll go to visit the bridge _________(build) hundreds of years ago. built 过去分词作宾补 现在分词作宾补 I heard someone ________me. I heard my name ________. I found Tom __________ the window. I found the window __________. call break calling called breaking broken 现在分词作宾补，和宾语____________关系，且动作____________； 过去分词作宾补，和宾语____________关系，且动作____________。 主动/主谓 正在进行 被动/动宾 已经完成 定语：所修饰词与动词的关系 宾补：动词与宾补之间的关系 I saw him __________(catch) by the police yesterday. I saw the police _________(catch) him yesterday. caught 解题步骤： ① 找是否有谓语； ② 没有谓语填 谓语动词 有谓语填 非谓语动词 主谓一致 时态 语态 虚拟语气 catching 不定式 to do 过去分词 V-ed 动名词 V-ing 现在分词 V-ing 非谓语动词 1 2 3 4 动词 V-ing 课堂小结2' 1. Every piece of plastic __________(create) will remain in the environment in some form. 2. The figure _________ (walk) alone along the road may be my mother, for she is upset about my father’s lie. 3.As we got closer, I saw it was a young woman, approaching a car _________ (park) randomly on my right. 6. I’ ll never forget the first class ________ (give) by Mr. Wang. 7. The boy _________ (beat)the dog is her brother. 8. She finally realized her dream _______ (be) a artist. created walking parked given beating to be 当堂检测12’ Jack liked the gift __________ (buy)by his mother very much. 10. The book, Harry Potter, __________(write) by J.K. Rowling, is very popular with students. 11. He practices his __________(speak)English everyday. 12. Do you hear all those different birds __________(sing) in the park? 13.Tom was going through the crowd when he heard his name _________(call)． 14. She won’t have her long hair _______(cut) short. 15. We found a _________(break) cup on the floor when coming back home. bought written spoken called cut broken singing $$