Unit 2 Section Ⅳ Extended reading & Project & Assessment-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高一英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（译林版2020）

Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment …………………………………………………………………………………◎ ①account n．账户；描述；解释vt. 认为是，视为 ②count out逐一数出，大声数；不把……考虑在内 ③rent n．租金 vi. &vt. 租用；出租 ④grocery n．食品杂货；食品杂货店 ⑤nod v．&n.点头 ⑥be proud of以……为傲，为……感到自豪 ⑦secure adj.安心的；可靠的；牢固的 ⑧graduate vi.& vt.毕业 n．毕业生 graduate from 从……毕业 ⑨gather vi.聚集，集合 vt.收拢；搜集，收集；聚集 ⑩in front of在……前面 ⑪emergency n．突发事件，紧急情况 ⑫break one's arm摔断胳膊 ⑬shake one's head摇头 ⑭volunteer vt. & vi. 主动建议(或告诉)；自愿做，义务做n. 志愿者 ⑮pipe n．烟斗；管子；管乐器 ⑯give up放弃；戒除 ⑰figure n．数字；人物；体形，身材 ⑱look after照顾；照料；打理 ⑲downtown adv.在市中心，往市中心 go downtown去市区 ⑳draw sth. out of sth. 提取，支取 operation n．手术；运转，操作 depend upon 依赖，依靠 check n．支票 lap n．大腿部 for the first time第一次 teller n．出纳员；叙述者 seriously adv.认真地；严肃地 adapt vt.改编，改写 describe vt.描写，描述 ◎………………………………………………………………………………… Mama and her bank account① Every Saturday night Mama would sit down by the kitchen table and count out② the money Papa had brought home．【1】 【1】画线部分为定语从句，修饰先行词money，从句省略关系代词that/which。 “For the rent③.” Mama would count out the big silver pieces. “For the groceries④.” Another group of coins. “I'll need a notebook.” That would be my sister Christine，my brother Nels or me. Mama would put one or two coins to the side.We would watch with anxious interest.At last，Papa would ask，“Is that all？” And when Mama nodded⑤，we could relax a little.Mama would look up and smile，“Good.We do not have to go to the Bank.” We were all so proud of⑥ Mama's Bank Account.It gave us such a warm，secure⑦ feeling. When Nels graduated from⑧ grammar school，he wanted to go on to high school.“It will cost a little money，” he said. Eagerly we gathered⑨ around the table.I took down a box and laid it carefully in front of⑩ Mama.This was the “Little Bank”．It was used for sudden emergencies⑪，such as the time when Christine broke her arm⑫ and had to be taken to a doctor．【2】 Nels listed the costs of the things he would need．【3】Mama counted out the money in the Little Bank.There was not enough.“We do not want to go to the Bank，” she reminded.We all shook our heads⑬. 【3】画线部分为定语从句，修饰先行词things，从句省略关系代词that/which。 “I will work in Dillon's grocery after school，” Nels volunteered⑭. Mama gave him a bright smile and wrote down a number.“That's not enough，” Papa said.Then he took his pipe⑮ out of his mouth and looked at it for a long time.“I will give up⑯ smoking，” he said suddenly. Mama reached across the table and touched Papa's arm.Then she wrote down another figure⑰. “I will look after⑱ the Elvington children every Friday night，” I said.“Christine can help me.” Now there was enough money.We all felt very good because we did not have to go downtown⑲ and draw money out of⑳ Mama's Bank Account. So many things came out of the Little Bank that year: Christine's dress for the school play，my little sister Dagmar's operationB21...Whatever happened【4】，we always knew we still had the Bank to depend uponB22. That was twenty years ago. Last year I sold my first story.When the checkB23 came，I hurried over to Mama's and put it in her lapB24.“For you，” I said，“to put in your Bank Account.” I noticed for the first timeB25 how old Mama and Papa looked【5】．Papa seemed shorter，and Mama's hair was silver now. “Tomorrow，” I told Mama，“you must take it to the Bank.” “You will go with me，Katrin？” “That won't be necessary.Just hand it to the tellerB26.He'll pay it into your account.” Mama looked at me.“There is no account，” she said.“In all my life，I've never been inside a bank.” And when I didn't—couldn't—answer，Mama said seriouslyB27，“It is not good for little ones to be afraid—to not feel secure.【6】” 【6】it作形式主语，动词不定式短语to be afraid—to not feel secure作真正的主语。 (AdaptedB28 from Kathryn Forbes's Mama's Bank Account，which has 17 short stories and describesB29 the struggles and dreams of a family in San Francisco in the early 1900s．【7】) 【7】which引导定语从句，修饰先行词Mama's Bank Account。 妈妈和她的银行账户 每个礼拜六晚上，妈妈都会坐在餐桌边，数一数爸爸带回家的钱。 “这些交房租。”妈妈点出一些大面额银币。 “这些买杂货。”又点出一堆硬币。 “我要买笔记本。”说话的是我的妹妹克里斯汀，要么是我哥哥内尔斯，要么是我。 我们兴致勃勃地看着妈妈在桌边放上一两个硬币。最后爸爸会问：“都算好了吧？”妈妈点点头，我们都舒了一口气。妈妈抬起头，微笑着说：“挺好。不用去银行取钱了。”妈妈的银行账户是我们的骄傲。让我们感觉那么温暖，那么有安全感。 内尔斯从文法学校毕业了，他想继续读高中。他说：“这要稍微花点钱了。” 我们急切地围在餐桌边。我小心翼翼地把一个小盒子放在妈妈面前。这就是我们的“小银行”。小银行的钱用于处置突发的紧急状况，例如有次克里斯汀摔断了手臂要去看医生，就动用了小银行。 内尔斯列出了上学需要的费用。妈妈把小银行的钱都清点出来。不够。 “我们可不想去银行取钱。” 妈妈提醒道。我们都点了点头。 “我每天放学后去狄龙的杂货店打工。”内尔斯自告奋勇。 妈妈给了他一个灿烂的微笑，随即写了个数字。 “不够，”爸爸说着，然后把烟斗从嘴边拿了下来，端详了好一会。“我把烟戒了。”他突然冒出一句。 妈妈伸出手，隔着桌子摸了摸爸爸的胳膊。然后又写下一个数字。 “我每个礼拜五晚上去艾文顿家，帮忙照顾孩子。”我说道，“克里斯汀做我的帮手。” 这下钱够了。我们大家都深感欣慰，因为我们不用进城从妈妈的银行账户中取钱了。 那一年，小银行解决了好多事情：克里斯汀学校演出的服装，小妹达格玛的手术……不管发生什么事情，我们始终知道，有妈妈的银行做我们的靠山。 二十年过去了。 去年我卖出了我的第一篇小说。支票刚到，我就匆匆来到妈妈家，把它放在妈妈的腿上。我对她说：“给你，你存到你的银行账户里去吧。” 我第一次注意到，爸爸妈妈看起来那么的苍老。爸爸没以前高了，妈妈也已是满头白发。 “你明天得把支票送银行去。” 我对妈妈说。 “你是不是跟我一起去，卡特琳？” “不用我去。你只要把支票交给柜员就好了。他会把钱转进你的银行账户。” 妈妈看了看我，说：“我哪有什么账户，我这辈子都没去过银行。” 我没有回答(我也不知道怎么回答)。只听妈妈认真地说：“不能让小孩子感到害怕，感到不安全。那样不好。” 一、整体理解 1．The text mainly tells us __________． A．how the author did part­time job B．a mother's love for her children C．mother's way of saving money for the family D．a large amount of money in mother's bank account 答案：　B 2．Match the name with each sentence. (　)The writer A．decided to give up smoking. (　)Papa B．would help the writer look after the children. (　)Nels C．volunteered work in Dillon's grocery after school. (　)Christine D．decided to look after the Elvington children every Friday night. 答案：　DACB 二、细节理解 Read the text carefully and choose the best answers. 1．What did Mama usually do every Saturday night? A．Divided the money into piles. B．Wrote something in a notebook. C．Bought something for her children. D．Gave some coins to the grocer. 2．How did the writer feel about Mama's Bank Account? A．Happy. B．Angry. C．Sad. D．Surprised. 3．Why did Papa decide to give up smoking? A．Because he wanted to lose weight. B．Because he wanted to build up his body. C．Because he wanted to save some money. D．Because he wanted to set a good example for children. 4．What can we learn about Mother's Bank Account? A．It's in a bank that is far away from the writer's home. B．The writer drew some money out of Mother's Bank Account. C．It's in the control of Mama and Papa. D．It didn't actually exist at all. 答案：　1－4　AACD 三、难句解构 1．It was used for sudden emergencies，such as the time when Christine broke her arm and had to be taken to a doctor. [句式分析]　本句为主从复合句。其中when引导定语从句，修饰先行词time。 [尝试翻译]　它用于处置突发的紧急状况，例如有次克里斯汀摔断了手臂要去看医生，就动用了小银行。 2．Whatever happened，we always knew we still had the Bank to depend upon. [句式分析]　本句为主从复合句。其中whatever引导让步状语从句；we still had the Bank to depend upon为宾语从句，省略连词that。 [尝试翻译]　不管发生什么事情，我们始终知道，有妈妈的银行做我们的靠山。 [核心单词] 1．a unique style 独一无二的风格 2．in a passive position 处于被动地位 3．a month's rent 一个月的租金 4．in an emergency 在紧急情况下 5．live downtown 在市中心住 6．press a button 按按钮 7．a flat surface 平坦的表面 8．a group of youths 一群年轻人 9．a small grocery 一家小杂货店 10．a slim figure 苗条身材 11．the scene of the accident 事故的现场 12．to sit on my lap 坐在我腿上 [拓展单词] 1．design_vt.设计；制订n.设计；设计艺术→designer n．设计师 2．expert n．专家，行家 adj. 熟练的，内行的，专家的→expertly adv.熟练地，巧妙地 3．likely_adj.可能的，预料的，有希望的→unlikely adj.不大可能发生的 4．performance_n．表现；表演；执行，履行→perform vt.&vi.演出，表演；履行，执行；运转→performer n．演员，表演者 5．eager_adj.热切的，渴望的，渴求的→eagerly adv.渴望地，急切地→eagerness n．热切，渴望 6._adventure n．冒险，冒险经历，奇遇→adventurous adj.有冒险精神的；(指事物、方法、思想)新奇的；惊险的 7．flexible_adj.灵活的，可变动的；柔韧的→flexibility n．柔韧性；灵活性；弹性；适应性 8．account_n．账户；描述；解释vt. 认为是，视为→accountant n．会计 9．secure_adj.安心的；可靠的；牢固的→security n．保护措施，安全工作；保卫部门；担保，保证→insecure adj.不安全的；无保障的；不牢靠的 10．graduate_vi.& vt.毕业 n．毕业生→graduation n．(大学或美国高中的)毕业；毕业典礼 11．gather_vi.聚集，集合 vt.收拢；搜集，收集；聚集→gathering n．聚集，聚会；集会；收集，采集→gatherer n．收集者，采集者 12．volunteer_vt. & vi. 主动建议(或告诉)；自愿做，义务做n. 志愿者→voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的→voluntarily_adv.志愿地；自动地，自发地 13．operation_n．手术；运转，操作→operate vt.&vi.操作；动手术；经营，管理→operator n．操作员；经营者；行家 14．response_n．回复；反应，响应→respond vi.&vt.回答，回应；作出反应 [重点短语] 第一组　汉译英 1．(使)变得高兴，振奋起来 cheer_up 2．逐一数出，大声数；不把……考虑在内 count_out 3．以……为傲，为……感到自豪 be_proud_of 4．从……毕业 graduate_from 5．在……前面 in_front_of 6．放弃；戒除 give_up 7．第一次 for_the_first_time 第二组　英译汉 8．be on sb.'s back about sth. 缠磨，烦扰 9．break one's arm 摔断胳膊 10．shake one's head 摇头 11．go downtown 去市区 12．draw sth. out of sth. 提取，支取 13．depend upon 依赖，依靠 [典型句式] 根据课文语境和汉语提示补全句子 1．when引导的定语从句 It was used for sudden emergencies，such as the time when_Christine_broke_her_arm (当christine摔断她的手臂)and had to be taken to a doctor. 2．疑问词＋ever引导让步状语从句 Whatever_happened(不管发生什么事情)，we always knew we still had the Bank to depend upon. account n．账户；描述；解释vt. 认为是，视为 (教材原句)Mama and her bank account 妈妈和她的银行账户 (1)give an account of 对……进行描述 take...into account＝take account of 考虑到……，把……考虑在内 on account of 因为，由于 on no account 决不(置于句首时 句子用部分倒装) (2)account for 解释，说明；(数量/ 比例上)占… [佳句背诵]　I opened a savings account at my local bank.我在本地银行开了一个储蓄账户。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①When asked by the police，he gave a detailed account of what happened on the rainy night. ②When judging his performance，we should take his age into account. ③It is reported that all the flights have been put off on account of bad weather. ④The women teachers account for over 60% of all the staff in our school. ◎能力提升——微写作 ⑤On no account should_we_give_up the plan. 我们决不应该放弃这个计划。 rent n．租金 vi. &vt. 租用；出租 (教材原句) “For the rent.” Mama would count out the big silver pieces. “这些交房租。”妈妈点出一些大面额银币。 (1)for rent 供租用；招租 at the rent of 以……的租金 (2)rent out 把……租出去 rent sth.(out) to sb. 把某物租给某人 rent sth. from sb. 从某人处租借某 [佳句背诵]　How much rent do you pay for this place? 你租这个地方的租金是多少？ ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①They didn't find any rooms for rent at the moment so they had to stay in the tent. ②The old couple decided to rent out a room to get extra income. ③The house owner rented his land to us at 5，000 yuan a year. ④Does he still live in the flat that was rented from a local farmer three years ago? ◎能力提升——微写作 ⑤Mary rented the house at_a_rent_of 1，000 yuan a month. 玛丽以每月一千元的租金租用这套房子。 [语境串记]　The house owner put up an advertisement on the wall，saying there was a house for rent.At last，their house was rented to a young couple at a rent of 100 dollars a month.房主在墙上贴了一个广告，说有一所房子要出租。 最后，他们的房子租给了一对年轻夫妇，每月租金100美元。 graduate vi.& vt.毕业 n．毕业生 (教材原句)When Nels graduated from grammar school，he wanted to go on to high school. 内尔斯从文法学校毕业了，他想继续读高中。 (1)graduate from 从……毕业 graduate in 毕业于……(专业) graduate from...to... 从……过渡到……， 由……发展成…… (2)graduation n. 毕业，毕业典礼 after graduation 毕业之 [佳句背诵]　Martha graduated from high school two years ago.玛莎两年前高中毕业。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①More and more graduates (graduate) are finding it difficult to find a good job. ②After graduating from university，she has been working in a remote school，helping thousands of girls achieve their dreams. ③My brother graduated in law from Shandong University ten years ago and he is a famous lawyer now. ④In the past ten years，she has graduated from an ordinary worker to an experienced expert in this field. ⑤Her parents decided to fly to Beijing to attend her graduation (graduate). ◎能力提升——微写作 ⑥Several decades have passed since I graduated_from_university． 自我大学毕业已经过去好几十年了。 [语境串记]　My brother is a graduate in physics and he graduated from Peking University.He has been working in a famous company after graduation.我哥哥是物理系的毕业生，他毕业于北京大学。他毕业后一直在一家著名的公司工作。 volunteer vt. & vi.主动建议(或告诉)；自愿做，义务做n.志愿者 (教材原句) “I will work in Dillon's grocery after school，” Nels volunteered.“我每天放学后去狄龙的杂货店打工。”内尔斯自告奋勇。 (1)volunteer to do sth. 自愿/义务/无偿做某事； 主动要求做某事 (2)voluntary adj. 自愿的；志愿的 voluntarily adv. 志愿地；自动地，自发 [佳句背诵]　I should like to express my grateful thanks to all the volunteers. 我想对所有的志愿者表达我衷心的谢意。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①The study followed over 16，000 volunteers (volunteer) across the world in the last three years. ②Inspired by his example，hundreds of teenagers volunteered to_join (join) us. ③Li Hua has been to a remote village to do some voluntary (volunteer) work for two months. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④Inspired by his words，hundreds of young people volunteered_to_join_us． 在他的话语的激励下，数以百计的年轻人志愿加入我们。 [语境串记]　Many volunteers volunteer to help the old in their town.They say doing voluntary work and helping people in need can make them feel happy and satisfied.许多志愿者自愿帮助镇上的老人。他们说做志愿工作，帮助需要帮助的人们能够使他们感到幸福满足。 figure n．数字；人物；体形，身材 (教材原句)Then she wrote down another figure. 然后她又写下一个数字。 (1)keep one's figure　 保持体形 (2)figure in 把……计算/考虑在内 figure on 指望，依靠 figure out 算出；理 [图形助记]　 [佳句背诵]　She is one of the most influential figures in local politics. 她是当地政界中最有影响力的人物之一。 ◎基础练透——写出下列句中figure的含义/补全句子 ①We're told the figure could reach 100，000 next year.数字 ②Gandhi is an important political figure in Indian history.人物 ③Most young women want a slim figure these days.体形，身材 ④Have you figured_out(弄清楚)why she didn't invite you to her birthday party? ⑤Have you figured_in(把……计算在内)the cost of the hotel? ⑥You can figure_on(指望)him to be on time. ◎能力提升——微写作 ⑦You'd better exercise more to keep_your_figure． 你最好多运动一下来保持体形。 [语境串记]　Jane is a key figure in our company but I couldn't figure out how she managed to keep her figure.珍妮是我们公司的一个关键人物，但是我弄不明白她是怎样保持身材的。 draw sth. out of sth. 提取，支取 (教材原句)We all felt very good because we did not have to go downtown and draw money out of Mama's Bank Account.我们大家都深感欣慰，因为我们不用进城从妈妈的银行账户中取钱了。 (1)draw on/upon 凭借；利用；动用 (2)draw near/close (时间、空间的)临近 (3)draw sth. from sb./sth. (从……中)得到，获得 (4)draw up (车辆)到达某处停下， 停止；拟订，制订，起 [佳句背诵]　They didn't draw any money out of the company for the first two years. 在头两年里他们没有从公司里支取过任何钱。 ◎基础练透——补全句子 ①We shall draw_on/upon(利用)historical experience and try to avoid future mistakes. ②What kind of conclusion can you draw_from(从……中得到)the research? ③The boss asked me to draw_up(制订，起草)our new plan in the light of the experience of other factories. ④As the final examinations draw_near(临近)，students begin to busy themselves with reviewing. ◎能力提升——微写作 ⑤He decided to draw_all_his_money_out_of_the_bank to buy a house. 他决定把他所有的钱从银行里取出来买房子。 operation n．手术；运转，操作 (教材原句)So many things came out of the Little Bank that year: Christine's dress for the school play，my little sister Dagmar's operation ... 那一年，小银行解决了好多事情：克里斯汀学校演出的服装，小妹达格玛的手术…… (1)put...into operation 投入使用；开始试行；投入营运 come/go into operation 开始工作，运转，生效 (2)operate v. 运转，工作；操作，控制； (对……)动手术 operate on/upon... 给……做手术 (3)operator n. 经营者；操作人员，技工； 电话员，接线 [佳句背诵]　His quality of life has improved dramatically since the operation. 手术后他的生活质量大大改善了。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Having seen the X­ray，the doctor decided to operate on/upon the patient. ②The task of the operator (operate) is to carry out routine maintenance of the machine. ◎能力提升——微写作 ③The new law will come/go_into_operation by midnight tomorrow. 新法律于明日午夜生效。(operation) 疑问词＋ever引导让步状语从句 (教材原句)Whatever happened，we always knew we still had the Bank to depend upon.不管发生什么事情，我们始终知道，有妈妈的银行做我们的靠山。 (1)wherever，whenever，however只能引导让步状语从句，相当于“no matter＋where/when/how”； (2)whatever，whichever，whoever，whomever既可引导让步状语从句，又可引导名词性从句；引导让步状语从句时相当于“no matter＋what/which/who/whom”，在引导名词性从句时只能用疑问词＋ever [佳句背诵]　Wherever you go，you must obey the law.无论你去哪都要遵守法律。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants. ②Every year，whoever makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. ③However carefully I explained，she still didn't understand. ④Whichever book you borrow from the library，you must return it in a week. ◎能力提升——句式改写：用疑问词＋ever引导的让步状语从句改写 ⑤No matter when I am in trouble，my father is always there to help me. →Whenever_I_am_in_trouble，my father is always there to help me. ⑥No matter which road you take，it will lead you to the station. →Whichever_road_you_take，it will lead you to the station. response n．回复；反应，响应 (教材原句)He waits for a response but doesn't get one.他等待回应，但没有得到回应。 (1)make a/no response to 对……做出回复/不回复 in response to 为了回应……；作为 对……的回答 (2)respond vi. 回答；响应；做出反应 respond to 对……做出回复/回 [佳句背诵]　The response to our appeal was fantastic. 我们的呼吁引起十分强烈的反应。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①I knocked on the door but there was no response (respond). ②In response to the call of motherland，a lot of graduates volunteer to work in the rural area. ③She responded to my letter with a phone call. ◎能力提升——一句多译 ④她没有回复我的信件。 →She didn't_respond_to my letter.(respond) →She didn't_make_a_response_to/made_no_response_to my letter.(response) [语境串记]　None of the students responded to her question；in other words，her question failed to get a response from any of the students. 没有学生回答她的问题；换句话说，她的问题没有得到任何学生的回答。 维度一　单词拼写 1．After careful consideration，he decided to rent(租用)a house instead of buying one. 2．We gathered(聚集)at the foot of the Tai Mountain at 7 a．m.and reached the top at about 2 p．m.. 3．Don't worry.We will pay the money directly into your bank account(账户). 4．I asked the teller(出纳员)to check how much money was left. 5．The girl felt quite secure(安心的)with both of her parents taking care of her. 维度二　单句语法填空 1．Young people volunteered to_join (join) the army one after another. 2．She graduated from Beijing Medical University in 1970 and became a doctor after that. 3．The doctor said that the operation (operate) could prolong his life by at least ten years. 4．Sales figures (figure) continue to show signs of improvement. 维度三　完成句子 1．It was in the supermarket that we met each other for_the_first_time． 我们第一次见面是在超市里。 2．Whatever_you_do，you have to make a plan first. 无论你做什么，你首先得制定个计划。 3．This door should only be used in_an_emergency． 这道门只能在紧急情况下使用。 课时精练(八)　Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [基础达标] 维度一　根据汉语或首字母提示填入单词的适当形式 1．We had hardly started our journey when the car got a flat(瘪的) tyre(轮胎). 2．She does exercise every morning to keep her figure(身材). 3．It is very convenient to live downtown(在市中心)，but usually it's much noisier. 4．In case of an emergency(紧急情况)，break the glass and press the button. 5．We all respect his skill because he is an expert(专家)in this industry. 6．My brother has worked at a grocery(食品杂货)store for more than 3 years and he really loves his job. 7．In the evenings，we gathered(聚集)around the fireplace and talked about our sweet childhood. 8．The owner of the house asked him to pay a month's rent (租金)in advance but he didn't have enough money. 9．It is well­known that everyone's fingerprints are unique． 10．I don't think the film is suitable for children because it contains some violent scenes． 维度二　在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 1．The brain accounts for merely three per cent of body weight. 2．We all laughed in response_(respond) to his jokes，though it was not funny at all. 3．He made a public apology for the team's terrible performance (perform) in the competition. 4．I can't contain my anger (angry) when I hear of people being cruel to animals. 5．Holiday is an ideal time for you to improve yourself mentally (mental) and physically. 6．I am eager_to_help (help) him，but I really do not know how to help. 7．We will finish the work on time，whatever difficulties we meet. 8．It is likely that he has something to do with the theft. 9．The plan is designed to_motivate (motivate) employees to work more efficiently. 10．My father has made a full recovery from the operation (operate). 维度三　完成句子 1．When we are bored，the teacher often tells us funny stories to cheer_us_up． 当我们感到无聊时，老师经常给我们讲有趣的故事来使我们振奋起来。 2．More than 8 million graduates will_graduate_from universities this year. 今年将有800多万毕业生从大学毕业。 3．To keep healthy，you should give_up_smoking as soon as possible. 为了保持健康，你应该尽快戒烟。 4．I'll never forget hearing this piece of music for_the_first_time． 我永远不会忘记第一次听到这首曲子的情景。 5．Whatever_you_say，facts are facts. 无论你说什么，事实总是事实。 维度四　课文语法填空 Mama always sat at the kitchen table and divided the money brought home by Papa into various 1.piles (pile).The big silver pieces were for the rent.Another group of coins 2.were(be) for the groceries. When Nels graduated 3.from grammar school，he wanted to go on to high school.“It will cost a little money，” he said.4.Eagerly(eager) we gathered around the table.I took down a box and 5.laid(lay) it carefully in front of Mama.Nels listed the costs of the things 6.that/which he would need.The money in the Little Bank was not enough.Nels volunteered 7.to_work(work) in Dillon's grocery after school.Papa decided to give up 8.smoking(smoke).We all felt very 9.excited(excite) because we did not have to go downtown and draw money out of Mama's Bank Account. However，when I sold my first story last year，I hurried over to Mama's 10.and asked her to put in her Bank Account.Mama had to admit that there was no account in the bank at all. [素能提升] Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2022·黑龙江绥化市高一上学期期中) “I'm sorry，” the bank teller said.“Your check has bounced(被拒付).” Her words took a moment to sink in.This year had brought so much pain.A divorce(离婚)，losing my house，then the loss of my job right before the holidays...and now the check for my car insurance had bounced! Leaving the bank，I wondered what I would do.My unemployment checks were delayed，and everything seemed to be piling up.How long could I last without money? How I missed my parents in the faraway Los Angeles，whom I had not seen for five years. December in Michigan meant it was not only dark，but cold and snowy.Despite that，I had an urge to take a walk on my favorite road.Being cold and dark also meant there was a good chance no one else would be out，so I decided to go. On the road，I was grateful for sounds of rushing water coming from the little river.They covered my soft sobs while I walked.Tonight，it all felt like too much to bear. Eventually，when my tears dried up，I headed home.Approaching my apartment door，I noticed something hanging on it.Probably another bill，I thought.While I struggled with my boots，I could see a card with my name on it through the clear plastic bag.Reaching in，I took out a very small，white envelope.Inside the envelope was a beautiful card with no name written on it，but it was stuffed with gift cards—hundreds of dollars of gift cards that could meet my urgent needs! I was in shock and awe.The timing of this amazing anonymous(匿名的)gift，arriving at exactly the right moment，was almost too much to comprehend.Again，I began crying，but now they were tears of joy.I felt so loved. I would go to Los Angeles tomorrow! 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在生活中接二连三的遭遇挫折，就在快要坚持不下去的时候，父母的关爱让她感受到家的温暖。 1．What happened to the author according to paragraph 1? A.Something was wrong with her check. B．She had to sell her car for lack of money. C．Her divorce made her house taken away. D．She didn't succeed in finding a new job. A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“Your check has bounced(被拒付).”可知，作者的支票被拒付了，故选A项(她的支票出问题了)。] 2．When may the story probably take place? A．In the early morning. B．In the late morning. C．In the evening. D．At noon. C　[推理判断题。根据第三段中“December in Michigan meant it was not only dark，but cold and snowy.”中的dark及第四段中“Tonight，it all felt like too much to bear.”中的tonight可推断出，该故事发生在晚上，故选C项。] 3．Who might send the anonymous gift? A．The bank teller. B．Her former husband. C．Her parents. D．Her friend. C　[推理判断题。根据第二段中作者提到“How I missed my parents in the faraway Los Angeles...”可知，作者非常想念远在洛杉矶的父母；根据本文最后一句话“I would go to Los Angeles tomorrow！”可知，作者觉得明天去洛杉矶。由此可推测，寄给作者礼物的可能是她的父母，故选C项。] 4．What is the process of the author's emotion and feeling? A．Angry→crazy→calm→grateful B．Disappointed→sad→surprised→warm C．Disappointed→moved→surprised→grateful D．Crazy→sad→calm→joyful B　[细节理解题。本文第一、二段提到生活中遇的各种不幸，因此作者很失望(Disappointed)；根据第四段中“soft sobs”和第五段中“my tears dried up”可知，作者很伤心(sad)；根据第五段可知，作者回到家，发现门上挂着袋子，作者原以为是账单，结果里面塞满了礼品卡，因此很惊讶(surprised)；根据倒数第二段中“Again，I began crying，but now they were tears of joy.I felt so loved.”可知，作者又感动的哭了，感觉到了被爱，因此心里很温暖(warm)，故选B项。] Ⅱ.完形填空 (2022·黑龙江省鹤岗市高一上学期月考) An elderly woman is crediting(归功于)her neighbor's 4­year­old dog with saving her life during last week's dangerously cold temperatures. Tim Curfman was __1__ his garbage with his dog Midnight when he felt its __2__ was unusual.It had its ears held up looking at him.It didn't __3__ do that.Curfman got the feeling that something was __4__．So he observed how his dog was acting and __5__ it to a spot on the other side of his house.There，he saw his 87­year­old neighbor，Noreen，__6__ in the snow.She was trying to fill her bird feeder when she fell. Curfman __7__ she was out there at least half an hour.She could not get up because she didn't have enough __8__ to push herself up，and there was nothing around the corner to get a __9__ of，either.The temperature was one degree below zero，but Curfman and Midnight were able to __10__ her quickly. Noreen，who didn't have serious injuries，was lucky to __11__ frostbite(冻伤)even though her clothes were wet.Curfman called his wife and they together helped his neighbor up from the snow and into her __12__，where his wife helped the elderly woman get into __13__ clothes. Noreen was __14__ to Midnight for saving her life.“I am__15__of my dog，” Curfman said in an interview. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Curfman和他的狗Midnight发现了跌倒在雪地里的邻居老太太并救助了她的故事。 1．A.sending out B．taking out C．picking out D．handing out B　[根据空后名词garbage(垃圾)可知，Tim Curfman带着他的狗Midnight去倒垃圾，take out“扔，带出去”符合文意。] 2．A.sound B．attention C．behavior D．appearance C　[根据后文“It had its ears held up looking at him.”可知，狗把耳朵竖起来看着他。因此狗的行为(behavior)有些异常。] 3．A.normally B．suddenly C．really D．daily A　[根据上文的“unusual”可知，狗那么做并不正常(normally)。] 4．A.down B．in C．out D．up D　[根据上文狗的异常行为可知，Curfman感觉到一定是有事情发生了。] 5．A.trained B．drove C．walked D．followed D　[根据空前“So he observed how his dog was acting”可知，他观察狗的行为，并跟着(follow)它到他房子的另一边。] 6．A.lying B．moving C．playing D．standing A　[根据空后句“She was trying to fill her bird feeder when she fell.”第三段中的“She could not get up”可知，他看到87岁的邻居Noreen躺(lie)在雪地里。] 7．A.guessed B．feared C．argued D．explained A　[Curfman猜测(guess)她至少在外面待了半个小时。] 8．A.time B．space C．strength D．courage C　[根据Noreen的年龄(87­year­old)和常识可判断，Noreen之所以躺在雪地里起不来是因为她太年老了，没有足够的力气(strength)让她站起来。] 9．A.view B．hold C．taste D．command B　[本句解释她躺在雪地里没有站起来的原因，除了没有力气之外，应该是没有东西可以让她抓住(hold)并站起来。] 10．A.remind B．report C．find D．visit C　[当时的温度是零下一度，但Curfman和Midnight还是很快发现(find)她。] 11．A.face B．fight C．avoid D．suffer C　[根据空前定语从句“who didn't have serious injuries”和“lucky”可推断，Noreen没有受重伤，避免了(avoid)被冻伤。] 12．A.car B．garden C．yard D．home D　[根据空后“where his wife helped the elderly woman get into ____ clothes”可推测，他们把老人送回了她的家里(home)，因为只有家里才会有clothes(衣服)。] 13．A.dry B．clean C．old D．beautiful A　[根据前文“her clothes were wet.”可知，老人的衣服湿了，因此应该帮老人换上干的(dry)衣服。] 14．A.grateful B．close C．rude D．polite A　[根据空后“for saving her life”可知，Noreen对Midnight的救命之恩非常感激(grateful)。] 15．A.afraid B．tired C．ashamed　 D．proud D　[根据前文“An elderly woman is crediting(归功于)her neighbor's 4­year­old dog with saving her life”可知，狗救了老人的命，故后文 “it's not every dog that pays attention to things like this(不是每只狗都会关注这样的事情)”可推断，Curfman为他的狗感到自豪(proud)。] Ⅲ.语法填空 (2022·吉林省长春市高一上学期期中) Last week，Jack __1__(tell) by his parents that his grandpa would retire after working for forty years.They were going to have a surprise party for him. Jack loved his Grandpa and wanted to do something special __2__ him.He remembered the business card his grandpa __3__ (give) him two years before.He knew that his grandpa would no longer have the position on that card，so he decided __4__ (build) a new one for his grandpa. When __5__ big day came，Jack was ready.But he didn't want to put his gift together with others’．When all the other people left，he took his grandpa's both __6__(hand) and gave him the gift.His grandpa smiled，“Well，it must be a beautiful gift.May I open it now？” “Sure！” Jack said __7__ (excited). As Grandpa opened the gift，tears filled his eyes.Jack gave him the greatest gift he had ever got! It was a business card on __8__ was his new position: FULL­TIME GRANDPA! “Well，how much do I get paid？” his grandpa asked，__9__(smile) .“As many hugs as you want！” With these words，Jack gave Grandpa a hug.“Well，I guess that means I'm the __10__ (rich) man in the world！” said Grandpa. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jack的爷爷要退休的时候Jack送给了他一个礼物——全职爷爷的新名片，爷爷非常感动。 1．解析：　was told　考查动词的时态和语态。本空在句中作谓语，根据时间状语Last week可知，应用一般过去时，且句子主语Jack和动词tell为被动关系，故本空应用一般过去时的被动语态。 2．解析：　for　考查介词。do sth. for sb.意为“为某人做某事”，故本空应用介词for。 3．解析：　had given　考查动词的时态。give动作发生在remembered之前，故应用过去完成时表示“过去的过去”。 4．解析：　to build　考查非谓语动词。decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”，故本空应用动词不定式作宾语。 5．解析：　the　考查冠词。特指举行party那天，故应用定冠词the。 6．解析：　hands　考查名词的单复数。根据空前both可知，本空应用名词复数。 7．解析：　excitedly　考查词性转换。本空是修饰动词said，故应用副词excitedly。 8．解析：　which　考查定语从句。on ____引导定语从句，修饰先行词business card，本空在句中作介词on的宾语、指物，故本空应用关系代词which。 9．解析：　smiling　考查非谓语动词。本空在句中作伴随状语，动词smile和句子主语his grandpa之间为主动关系，故本空应用动词­ing形式作状语。 10．解析：　richest　考查形容词最高级。根据空前定冠词the可知，本空应用形容词最高级。 单元检测卷(二)　Unit 2　Let's talk teens (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一个小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．How old is Jim? A．30. B．20. C．10. 2．What time does the man usually wake up? A．At 6：20. B．At 6：30. C．At 7：30. 3．What street is the gas station on? A．South Street. B．Central Avenue. C．Turner Lane. 4．What does the woman like best? A．Oranges. B．Apples. C．Watermelons. 5．How much will the man pay? A．30 dollars. B．70 dollars. C．90 dollars. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What is the relationship between the two speakers? A．Neighbors. B．Colleagues. C．Friends. 7. What does the man do? A．A secretary. B．A manager. C．A math teacher. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．Whom is the party for? A．Bertie. B．Evan. C．Jessie. 9．When will the party be held? A．At 8：00 pm on Sunday. B．At 8：00 am on Sunday. C．At 8：00 pm on Saturday. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．When does the conversation take place? A．At the end of the term. B．In the middle of the term. C．At the beginning of the term. 11．What is Tim's hobby? A．Sunbathing. B．Swimming. C．Travelling. 12．Why will Liz go to Harbin? A．To visit her friends. B．To go skating. C．To enjoy the festival. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．What's wrong with Mr Smith? A．He has a pain in his arm. B．His hand feels tired. C．He has a pain in his leg. 14．Where will Mr Smith go next? A．To a bar. B．To his home. C．To the gym. 15. Why does Mr Smith like playing bowling? A．It takes much time. B．It doesn't need skills. C．It doesn't cost too much. 16．How often does Mr Smith play bowling? A．Often. B．Seldom. C．Never. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What shouldn't people do in Los Angles tomorrow? A．Watch TV. B．Drive a car. C．Have a barbecue. 18．How many hot days will Houston have? A．One day. B．Two days. C．Three days. 19．What is the weather like in New York this afternoon? A．Cloudy. B．Sunny. C．Rainy. 20．Which city is the hottest today? A．Houston. B．Los Angeles. C．Chicago. 答案：　1－5　ACACB 6－10　ACCAA 11－15　BCBAC 16－20　BCCBA 听力材料 Text 1 W：Jim，do you remember this photo？I think you were only 10 years old then. M：Wow，you're right.That was 20 years ago! Text 2 W：Although I usually wake up at 6：00，I overslept 20 minutes this morning. M：Oh，I woke up at 7：00，thirty minutes earlier than usual. Text 3 M：Excuse me，where is the nearest gas station? The yellow light just came on，so I'm almost on empty. W：It's on South Street.Take a left on Central Avenue，and then take a right on Turner Lane. Text 4 M：What would you like to have for dessert，apples or oranges? W：As for dessert，I'd like to have oranges rather than apples.But usually I prefer watermelon to anything else. Text 5 M：Is this business suit on sale? W：Yes，it is.The normal price is $100.But it's 10% off now.It's a real bargain. M：Hmm.It's still a bit expensive for me.Is it cheaper if I have a VIP card? W：OK.We can offer you a 30% discount. 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 Text 6 M：Hello！My name is Tom. W：Hi，pleased to meet you.My name is Alice.Did you just move in next door? M：Yes，I did.Have you lived here long? W：I guess so.I've lived here for about six years.Have you lived in America very long? M：No，not really.When I left China，I came to America and lived with a cousin in Dallas for two years.By the way，what do you do，Alice? W：I am a secretary at a company.What do you do? M：I teach mathematics at a college. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 Text 7 M：Is Bertie at home? W：Yes，you are...Evan Johnson！Hi，Evan.Haven't seen you for ages.You look great. M：You，too. W：Please sit down and make yourself at home. M：You know that our friend，Jessie，is going to work in Shanghai next month.I'm going to hold a farewell party for her. W：Oh！That's good news to me.When will the party be held? M：At eight o'clock on Sunday evening at my home.Would you like to join us? W：Good.I'll be there.I think she'll be happy with the party. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 Text 8 W：Hi，Tim. M：Hello，Liz.Come in please.Would you like something to drink? W：No，thanks. M：It's so nice that we have finished the busy term.We can enjoy ourselves. W：Yes.What places are you going to visit this winter vacation? M：Thailand.I intend to stay there for two weeks.Weather is warm there and I can have some sunbathing on the beach and go swimming too.You know I like swimming.What about you? W：Oh，my idea is quite different.I'm thinking of going to a cold place this time，Harbin. M：What's special about it? W：Have you ever heard anything about the Ice and Snow Festival there? M：Yes，I see.How long are you going to stay there? W：Probably one week. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 Text 9 W：Hi，Mr Smith，how was your bowling match? M：Not bad，I won the first one but I lost the second one. W：Yeah.How's your arm feeling? M：Not bad.My hand is a little tired but my arm is fine. W：OK，so，are you going to go home and put some ice on it? M：No，I don't think so.It's really hot and I think I'll go to the bar to get a beer. W：A beer？As soon as I finish my job，I'll be right with you.Why do you think bowling is so popular? M：It's cheap and that's the main reason for it.You can spend as much time here as you want.That's what I like about it.We can just take our time.And you don't need any special skills to play it.Anybody can do it. W：Yeah.How long have you played bowling? M：Not long.Maybe I've only played bowling for three to six times in my whole life. W：Oh，really.Well，you look pretty good. M：Thanks. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 Text 10 Hello，I'm Jenny.And now for the weather report.Today in Los Angeles，it will be bright and sunny，with a high temperature of 27 degree Celsius.People driving are advised to wear sunglasses.Also，people at the beach are advised to wear sun cream to avoid being burned.But tomorrow there will be thunderstorms，so don't plan for any barbecues or outdoor sports.Houston today will be extremely hot，with a high temperature of 36 degree Celsius.People are advised not to do any physical work outdoors today and old people should stay inside and use their air conditioning.Tomorrow and the day after will also be very hot.Chicago will have a high temperature of 24 degree Celsius today，but strong winds will make it a bit uncomfortable.The winds will last until the day after tomorrow.And finally，New York will be cloudy with light rain today in the morning，but it'll clear up by early afternoon，and pleasant weather is expected throughout the weekend. 第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A (2022·黑龙江省青冈实验中学高一10月月考) Welcome to Los Angeles.Here are some best things to do in Los Angeles (LA) with your kids. Fall at the Beach Thanks to its almost perfect weather all through the year a visit to the beach is one of the best things to do when in Los Angeles with kids.While they enjoy themselves nearby，you can simply relax and have a good rest in the sun. Trip to Disneyland A trip to the City of Angels with your little angels is incomplete without a visit to the Magic Kingdom.The joy they'll feel from being around all those Disney characters will light up your day，too. Visit to the museums If you want to turn your stay in LA into an educational one for your kids，you should visit the museums.Starting with the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County，or the California Science Center，or even the Kidspace Museum in Pasadena，you have many choices.I'm sure a visit to all these places will make your kids feel smarter. Visit to the Universal Studios Hollywood Your kids could get to see interesting things from some of the most popular movies ever.From the theme park of Jurassic Park to Wisteria Lane from the TV play Desperate Housewives，the Universal Studios Hollywood is a place that we all find wonderful. 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在洛杉矶可以和孩子们一起做的最佳事情。 21．Who is the passage written for? A．People who will go on a business trip to Los Angeles. B．People who plan to have a trip to Los Angeles with their kids. C．People who want to educate their children by traveling abroad. D．People who are interested in the history and culture of Los Angeles. B　[写作目的题。根据第一段“Welcome to Los Angeles.Here are some best things to do in Los Angeles (LA) with your kids.”可推断出，本文是写给那些计划和他们的孩子们一起去洛杉矶旅行的人，故选B项。] 22．Parents who prefer their kids to learn should choose ________． A．the Universal Studios Hollywood B．the Magic Kingdom C．the museums D．the beach C　[细节理解题。根据Visit to the museums部分中“If you want to turn your stay in LA into an educational one for your kids，you should visit the museums”可知，更喜欢孩子们学习的父母应该选择博物馆，故选C项。] 23．Why does the writer suggests visiting the beach? A．Because children can learn a lot there. B．Because parents can take a rest there. C．Because it provides different sports equipment. D．Because it's the best beach in the world. B　[细节理解题。根据Fall at the Beach部分中“While they enjoy themselves nearby，you can simply relax and have a good rest in the sun.”可知，作者建议去沙滩玩是因为父母可以在那里休息，故选B项。] B (2022·广东省惠州市高一上学期期中) I remember the day when I first learned to ride a bike.It was a frightening，yet fun experience.My grandfather was the one who taught me and he helped me when I got hurt.The first time I got on a bike，I had no idea what I was doing，and just about everything went wrong.My grandfather told me to just put my feet on the pedals(脚蹬子)and start cycling.He also told me he would hold onto the back of the bike the whole time，yet he didn't. As soon as I started trying to balance myself，he let go.I happened to look back just then.I was scared to death that I was going to fall and hurt myself.When I was scared，my mind went blank from cycling，and I just wanted off.I forgot how to use the brakes(车闸)and fell right off the bike.My grandfather kept encouraging me to get up and try again，and after about 15 minutes，I finally stopped crying，got up and tried again. As soon as I started riding again，my pants got caught in the chain，and I fell flat on my face and hit my nose.My grandfather decided to call_it_a_day and try again the next morning.The next morning I woke up bright and early，and was very eager to try to ride my bike.My nose felt better，so I wasn't that afraid of falling anymore. Though I knew there were a lot of difficulties on the way to mastering the skills in riding a bike，I believed I could do well with my grandfather's help.After all，riding a bike was what I wanted to do eagerly. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在祖父的帮助下，第一次学习骑自行车的经历。 24．How was the author when he was on the bike first? A．He didn't know where he would be going. B．He thought balancing himself was easy. C．He was nervous and didn't know what to do next. D．He put his feet on the pedals and started cycling. C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“The first time I got on a bike，I had no idea what I was doing，and just about everything went wrong.”及“My grandfather told me to just put my feet on the pedals(脚蹬子)and start cycling.”可知，第一次在自行车上时，作者很紧张，不知道下一步该做什么，故选C项。] 25．What does the underlined part “call it a day”in Paragraph 3 mean? A．remember what happened this day. B．make the author feel happy. C．stop practicing bicycling. D．go on to ride a bike. C　[词义猜测题。根据前文“I fell flat on my face and hit my nose.”和下文“and try again the next morning.”可猜测出“My grandfather decided to call_it_a_day”的意思是：我的祖父决定暂停，故选C项。] 26．What is the author's attitude towards his grandfather? A．Supportive. B．Grateful. C．Indifferent. D．Negative. B　[观点态度题。根据最后一段中“Though I knew there were a lot of difficulties on the way to mastering the skills in riding a bike，I believed I could do well with my grandfather's help.”可推断出作者对于祖父的态度是感激的(Grateful)，故选B项。] 27．Which of the following could be the title for the passage? A．The Experience of My First Riding a Bike B．The Difficulty I Met with My Grandfather C．The First Time I Got My Own Bike D.The Happy Moment When I Stayed with My Grandfather A　[标题归纳题。通过阅读全文内容且根据第一段中“I remember the day when I first learned to ride a bike.”和最后一段中“Though I knew there were a lot of difficulties on the way to mastering the skills in riding a bike，I believed I could do well with my grandfather's help.”可知，本文主要讲述了作者在祖父的帮助下，第一次学习骑自行车的经历，故选A项。] C Many kids help out around the house with chores(家务活)such as emptying the dishwasher，putting laundry away，and taking out the trash.In exchange，some kids get some rewards such as extra computer time. But some people do not think that kids should get rewards for doing chores.Susie Walton，a parenting educator and family coach，believes that by rewarding kids，parents are sending a message that work isn't worth doing unless you get something in return.“Running any kind of household is a team effort，” Susie said.“A home is a living space for everyone in the family.It's important for kids to see that we all have responsibilities in the house，and that families decide together how they want their home to look，and how they are going to keep it looking like everyone wants it to look.” Other people believe that getting a allowance or other rewards motivates(激励)kids to do chores，and it also teaches them real­world lessons about how we need to work to earn money.There are also new applications that give kids points and digital gifts that can be redeemed(兑换)either online or in the real world.With the ChoreMonster app，kids earn digital(数字的)points by completing chores that they can turn in for real­life rewards such as extra Xbox time or a trip to the mall.“Our goal is to encourage kids to earn rewards，” says Chris Bergman，founder of ChoreMonster.“Kids need positive reinforcement to help motivate them.” What do you think? Should kids be rewarded for doing chores? Or should kids help out around their homes without getting anything in return? Write a 200­word response.Send it to advicetoyou@timeforkids.com.Your response may be published in a future issue of Time For Kids.Please include your grade and contact information of your parent or teacher if you want your response to be published.The deadline for responding is February 18. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了家长该不该以奖励的方式鼓励孩子做家务，对此不同的人有不同的观点。 28．How does the author start the passage? A．By presenting some facts. B．By listing some evidence. C．By comparing different views. D．By stating his own experiences. A　[写作手法题。根据第一段中内容可知，许多孩子在家里帮忙做家务，而孩子也因此得到一些奖励。因此可推断出，作者通过陈述目前一些家长常见的做法来开启文章，故选A项。] 29．What does the underlined word “allowance” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．permission B．benefit C．admission D．pocket money D　[词义猜测题。根据画线词后other rewards可知，画线词也属于做家务得到的一种奖励；根据画线词后“how we need to work to earn money.”可知，画线词指的是钱，故选D项(零花钱)。] 30．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Chris Bergman's opinion on raising kids. B．Main reasons why kids need encouragement. C.How to motivate kids to try new applications. D．The advantage of rewarding kids for doing chores. D　[段落大意题。根据第三段第一句中“...motivates kids to do chores，and it also teaches them ...”可知，本段介绍了奖励孩子做家务是有好处的，故选D项。] 31．What is the purpose of writing the text? A．To invite readers to express their opinions. B．To inform readers of two different opinions. C．To call on readers to reflect on their behavior. D.To present the author's viewpoint about parenting. A　[写作目的题。根据倒数第二段中“What do you think? Should kids be rewarded for doing chores? Or should kids help out around their homes without getting anything in return？”和最后一段“Write a 200­word response.Send it to adviceto you@timeforkids.com.”可推断出，作者写这篇文章的目的是邀请读者针对这个问题发表看法，故选A项。] D (2022·安徽省宿州市重点中学高一上学期期中) Have you ever imagined that your T­shirt can cool you down by up to 5 ℃ on these hot summer days? Thanks to a recent discovery，the possibility is getting closer.While there are many technologies that manage to keep the body warm，this amazing invention aims to offer real comfort for those who want to feel cool and fresh on extremely hot days. Its inventors，engineers Ma Yaoguang of Zhejiang University and Tao Guangming of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in China，took a completely new technique.They designed a special textile(纺织品)that can take in body heat and give off its energy into space.This means that，even when it looks like you are wearing a regular shirt，you are actually wearing something that works like a mirror. Research at Stanford University in 2017 had already managed to cool the wearers by 3 ℃，but this experiment was limited.So researchers still need to do more experiments to see the new technique to decide how effectively the new material cools while the wearers are standing or walking，and not directly facing the sky，like in their experiments.They also need to examine how well it works when T­shirts are not in close touch with the skin. Inventors Yaoguang and Guangming note that the new material will increase the costs by just 10 percent.“It means everybody can get a T­shirt and the cost is basically the same as their old one，” Yaoguang said. So if you are an athlete or simply someone that has to deal with the extremely high temperatures，be patient because your days of feeling hot and bothered may be coming to an end! 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。浙江大学与华中科技大学的发明者们设计了一种特殊的纺织物，有望为人们带来“一键式降温”体验。本文介绍了这种纺织物的工作原理以及仍然存在的问题。 32．What is the purpose of the new invention? A．To keep people warm. B．To help beat the heat in hot weather. C．To find out the wearers' temperature. D．To protect clothes from becoming wet. B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“this amazing invention aims to offer real comfort for those who want to feel cool and fresh on extremely hot days.”可知，新的发明的目的是给人们降温，故选B项。] 33．How does the special product work? A．By sending out absorbed heat. B．By turning sunlight into energy. C．By keeping heat out completely. D．By using light colors to reflect sunlight. A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“They designed a special textile(纺织品)that can take in body heat and give off its energy into space.”可知，这种纺织物可以吸收身体热量并散发所吸收的热量，故选A项。] 34．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．The invention needs further testing. B．The studies in 2017 lack evidence(证据). C．The new textile has a good cooling effect. D．The new textile applies to various situations. A　[段落大意题。根据第三段中“So researchers still need to do more experiments to see the new technique...”可知，研究人员还需进一步做试验以检测这一新科技，故选A项。] 35．What's the writer's attitude towards the invention? A．Doubtful. B．Objective. C．Supportive. D．Indifferent. C　[观点态度题。根据最后一段“So if you are an athlete or simply someone that has to deal with the extremely high temperatures，be patient because your days of feeling hot and bothered may be coming to an end！”可知，如果你是一名运动员，或者只是一个不得不应对极端高温的人，要有耐心，因为你感觉炎热和烦恼的日子可能即将结束！由此可推知，作者对于降温功能的衣服持支持态度，故选C项。] 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2022·湖北省汉川市高一上学期期中) Tips to Bring Your Family Closer Together I can remember being a child and everyday we would have dinner with my grandparents.__36__ However，when video games or television has taken up family time，you know there is a problem.So what can we do to bring our family together? Do not force your family to spend time together.__37__ Find things they enjoy and work around it to draw everyone near.If your child likes games，you could try one of the new interactive(相互作用的)games. Spend time in the kitchen together.If you have young kids，they love to make a mess and that is why I suggest the kitchen.Bake some cupcakes or cookies with them，but let them get involved by stirring(搅拌)or adding the ingredients(原料).__38__ When these are done，you can sit down and have an awarding treat with your child. Always remember that one child is not the same as another.I have two children.My older son is a perfect little angel，while my little son is constantly trying to get into trouble.__39__ For example，I can go to movies with my older son but my little son has to stay at home. __40__ No matter how old they are，they want their parents to notice them and to take a part of their lives.Remember，do not push them but find a common ground.If your kids like sports，you can play a game of basketball or go to a game with them.If your kids will not come to you，then you have to go to them. A．They will love this. B．Want parents' attention. C．I never go out with them. D．This will only make them hate family time even more. E．He was very upset about the quality of time his brother got. F．It was a meaningful experience and one I will carry with me forever. G．So，I have to remind myself constantly that I have to treat them differently. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些让你的家人更亲密的建议。 36．F　[根据前句“I can remember being a child and everyday we would have dinner with my grandparents.”可知，作者还记得小时候和爷爷奶奶吃晚饭的经历，说明这个经历对作者很有意义，所以一直记得。F项(这是一次有意义的经历，我将永远记着它。)承接上文。] 37．D　[根据前句“Do not force your family to spend time together.”可知，不要强迫你的家人在一起。)D项(这只会让他们更加讨厌家庭时光。)承接上文，和前句是因果关系。] 38．A　[由上一句“Bake some cupcakes or cookies with them，but let them get involved by stirring(搅拌)or adding the ingredients(原料).”可知，在烤一些纸杯蛋糕或饼干时，要让孩子们参与搅拌或添加原料。A项(他们会喜欢这个的。)承接上文。] 39．G　[根据本段第一句“Always remember that one child is not the same as another.”可知，一个孩子和另一个不一样。根据空后“For example，I can go to movies with my older son but my little son has to stay at home.”可知，孩子是不一样的，因此作者要用不同的方式对待自己的两个儿子。G项(所以，我不得不一直提醒自己，我必须以不同的方式对待他们。)承接上下文。] 40．B　[本空为本段中心句。根据空后句“No matter how old they are，they want their parents to notice them and to take a part of their lives.”可知，不管孩子们多大，他们都希望他们的父母能注意到他们，并参与他们的生活。B项(想引起家长的注意。)切题。] 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (2022·哈尔滨师范大学附属中学高一上学期期中) Since first grade，I had always done well on tests.When it came to fifth grade science，however，I was __41__．I couldn't seem to understand it no matter how hard I tried. My mom and dad had always been so __42__ of my grades，and I didn't want to let them down.So just before the test I had written several __43__ from the textbook on my desk in pencil.The writing was so __44__ that it could hardly be seen.I went __45__ as the teacher started to hand out the test paper.I didn't want to get caught，but I didn't want to __46__ either. As the teacher was starting down my row，suddenly the __47__ went off.We all __48__ the door and stood together，waiting to be allowed back into the building. As I stood outside in the warm sunshine，I realized what a fool I had been.I knew my mom and dad would still love me no matter what my __49__ were.As soon as we came into the classroom，I walked to my desk and __50__ the notes away.I had been given a second chance，and I wasn't going to __51__ it.I took the test，did my best and felt __52__．I don't remember what my grade was，but what happened that day has stayed in my mind ever since. Life is full of second chances，but you have to be willing to __53__ them.You have to be willing to accept your __54__ and grow from them.Every day when you wake up to a second chance in life，cherish it! And use it __55__！ 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者五年级时在科学科目考试前，为了取得好成绩，在桌子上做了笔记。还没考试，因为警报响了，所有人都跑到门外去，这时作者意识到自己作弊是多么愚蠢的行为，于是回到教室后，抹去笔记，尽自己最大努力去考试。 41．A.progressing B．struggling C．improving D．increasing B　[根据前句中“I had always done well on tests”可知，作者一直成绩很好；根据本句中“however”和空后句“I couldn't seem to understand it no matter how hard I tried.”可知，到了五年级的科学课，作者学起来有困难了，在苦苦挣扎(struggle)。] 42．A.afraid B．supportive C．tired D．proud D　[根据下文“I didn't want to let them down.”可知，作者的父母一直以作者的成绩为傲(be proud of)，所以作者不想让他们失望。] 43．A.answers B．letters C．notes D．sentences C　[根据空后“from the textbook”及文中“I walked to my desk and ____ the notes away.”可知，在考试前，作者用铅笔在桌上写了几个课本上的笔记(notes)。] 44．A.light B．clear C．simple D．dark A　[根据下文“it could hardly be seen”可知，字迹很浅(light)，所以几乎看不见。] 45．A.wild B．uneasy C．crazy D．tired B　[根据下文“I didn't want to get caught”可知，作者作弊，不想被抓到，所以在老师开始发试卷的时候，作者感到很不安(uneasy)。] 46．A.cheat B．learn C．fail D．repeat C　[根据上文“I didn't want to get caught”可知，不想被抓也不想不及格(fail)，所以作弊。] 47．A.bomb B．test C．central heating D．fire alarm D　[根据本空上文“suddenly the ____went off”和下文“We all ____the door and stood together，waiting to be allowed back into the building.”可知，作者和同学们都在教室外面排队站好，等待老师让他们进入教室。由此可推断出，学生们都出去了，因为火警警报响了(fire alarm)。] 48．A.rushed out B．looked at C．knocked on D．broke down A　[根据下文“stood together，waiting to be allowed back into the building.”可知，作者和同学都跑出去了(rush out)。] 49．A.subjects B．grades C．tests D．thoughts B　[根据第二段中“My mom and dad had always been so ______of my grades，and I didn't want to let them down.”可知，父母一直以作者的成绩为傲，为了让父母不失望，作者考试作弊，后来作者有所反省，可以推断出，作者认为不管自己的成绩分数(grade)如何，父母都是爱自己的。] 50．A.put B．threw C．gave D．wiped D　[根据上文“I realized what a fool I had been”可知，作者意识到自己作弊是不对的，所以一进教室，作者就把笔记擦干净(wipe away)。] 51．A.use B．waste C．notice D．hold B　[根据下文“I took the test，did my best”可知，作者得到第二次机会后，认真对待这次考试，这是因为作者不想浪费(waste)这次机会。] 52．A.smart B．scared C．calm D．strange C　[根据上文“ I took the test，did my best”可知，作者参加了考试，尽了自己最大努力，所以不管成绩如何，作者此时内心是很平静的(calm)。] 53．A.take B．lose C．give D．win A　[根据上文“Life is full of second chances”可知，此处表示把握机会，take chance表示“抓住机会”。] 54．A.decisions B．excuses C．mistakes D．beliefs C　[根据前文可知，作者经过反思，意识到自己在考试前作弊是错误的，于是擦除笔记，尽自己最大努力考试，因此，作者认识到要从错误中(mistakes)成长。] 55．A.completely B．pleasantly C．creatively D．wisely D　[根据上文“Every day when you wake up to a second chance in life，cherish it！”并结合作者的经历可知，作者告诉我们，每一天当你醒来的时候都有生命中的第二次机会，所以要珍惜它！明智地(wisely)利用它。] 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2022·江苏省七市第二次调研) Chocolate is everywhere，but science is still sorting out this adored product. In 2018，Planta Medica published a review of previous research on chocolate's effect 56.________mood. The authors found that few of the studies 57.________(analyze)chemically the chocolate consumed by participants. That matters，said the authors，because chemicals present in chocolate vary widely based on how it 58.________(process)，such as roasting temperature and time. Also，one specific chemical，interaction between multiple chemicals or something else may 59.________(entire)affect health. Our brains naturally produce anandamide(大麻素).And it's also found in chocolate，60.________leads to claims that the sweet stuff is the ultimate feel­good food. But，as the 2018 review noted，chocolate has only tiny 61.________(amount)of anandamide，and it breaks down quickly. Chocoholics take heart，literally. A 2015 study linked 62._________(high)chocolate consumption with a lower risk for heart disease. Speaking of chocoholics，an April review of research on one's food 63._________(addict)found evidence that chocolate produced neurobiological changes similar to those 64.________(see)with drug use. The studies were not conclusive，65._________．So science still has to sort that one out too. 语篇解读　本文主要介绍了关于巧克力的几项研究，但是这些研究都不是结论性的。 56．解析：　on/upon　考查介词。effect on/upon为固定搭配，意为“对……的影响”，故填on/upon。 57．解析：　analyzed　考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，空处所填是从句的谓语动词，且主句使用了一般过去时，从句的主语和谓语是主谓关系，故填analyzed。 58．解析：　is processed　考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子成分可知，it和process是动宾关系，故应用被动语态，且由从句中的vary可知，此处也应用一般现在时，故填is processed。 59．解析：　entirely　考查词性转换。空处修饰动词affect，所以应用所给词的副词形式，故填entirely。 60．解析：　which　考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，空处在从句中作主语，且先行词为物，故填which。 61．解析：　amounts　考查名词的单复数。amount是一个可数名词，其前没有冠词修饰限定，应用名词的复数形式，故填amounts。 62．解析：　higher　考查形容词的比较级。分析句子结构并结合后面出现的lower可知，空处也应用所给词的比较级形式，故填higher。 63．解析：　addiction　考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知，空处应用所给词的名词形式，且此处表示“食物成瘾”，应用名词的单数形式，故填addiction。 64．解析：　seen　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应填非谓语动词形式，且逻辑主语与see是动宾关系，故填seen。 65．解析：　though/however　考查副词。分析句子成分可知，空处应为副词。结合句意可知，应填though/however。 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) (2022·江苏省苏州市南京航天航空附属中学高一上学期第一次月考) 假定你是李华，你的朋友来信向你诉说自己的困扰。他和他母亲之间关系紧张，母亲总是对他的学习成绩不满意，看不到他的努力，还以此为由限制他出去的时间，这让他非常恼火。请你用英语给他写一封回信，内容要点如下： 1．表示理解，给予安慰； 2．提出建议，说明理由。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom， ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua [参考范文] Dear Tom， I am sorry to hear your tense parent­child relationship.The truth is that everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong.As for the problem，I'd like to share my opinions with you. To begin with，you'd better have honest communication with your parents，which will allow both parties to stand in the others shoes.What's more，it would be a good idea if you take part in family activities regularly.Last but not least，you should not quarrel with them whenever you disagree with them，for that only makes matters worse. I believe if you follow my advice，you will get along well with your parents. Yours， Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2022·辽宁省抚顺市第一中学高一上学期测试) Mr Brown is a 40­year­old man.He had a son when he was thirty years old.However，when his son was six years old，he got lost.Though Mr.Brown looked for him everywhere，he just couldn't find him.Mr.Brown was extremely sad，but he didn't lose hope.He went into business and was engaged in business deals around the world in the hope that he might find his son someday. One day，while he was having lunch at a restaurant.He saw a suitcase under his table.“Someone who was eating here must have forgotten to take it with him，” he said to himself.Though he didn't know what was inside the suitcase，he thought it might be something important to its owner.Then he thought of his son.In the past years after losing his son，he missed him so much that he often had trouble falling asleep at night.He knew the pain brought by losing something important，so he decided to wait for the owner. However，after he finished his lunch，he saw no one come back for it.Luckily，no one came to him to ask him to pay the bill，so he decided to stay there.But several hours later，a waitress came to him.“Sir，sorry to disturb you.But you finished your meal almost two hours ago.Have you forgotten to take your wallet? If so you don't have to pay today，” said the waitress.Mr.Brown was a bit touched hearing that.He immediately said，“No，I have my wallet with me.I'll pay immediately.It's just that someone has left his suitcase here.I'm waiting for the owner.” The waitress looked down and saw the suitcase by Mr.Brown. “That's very kind of you.But I think I can help.I know who ate here before you.I'll call the man and ask him to come back and get it，” said the waitress. 注意：1.续写词数应为 150 左右； 2．请如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1： Mr.Brown thought it was a good idea and agreed._____________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： The man then invited Mr.Brown to his home to have some tea._______________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Paragraph 1： Mr.Brown thought it was a good idea and agreed.Then the waitress went to the reception desk and made a phone call.About half an hour later，a man came to the restaurant.After making sure the suitcase belonged to that man，Mr.Brown handed it to him.The man was very thankful，saying，“Thank you so much.I received a phone call while I was eating here.I was told my son got injured，so I left in a hurry and forgot to take my suitcase with me.” Paragraph 2： The man then invited Mr.Brown to his home to have some tea.Mr.Brown agreed.The two talked while having tea in the man's home.During their talk，the man learned that Mr.Brown had a son who got lost four years ago.Surprised，the man mentioned he had adopted a boy four years before，and he led Mr.Brown to the bedroom of the boy.On seeing the boy，Mr.Brown recognized he was his son.He hugged him tightly and couldn't help crying. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$