UNIT 1 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高一英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（人教版2019）

UNIT 1 TEENAGE LIFE Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures ——名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语 内容索引 NO.1　名词短语(Noun Phrase或NP) 1 NO.2　形容词短语(Adjective Phrase或AdjP) 2 随堂应用　多维练 4 课时测评 5 NO.3　副词短语(Adverb Phrase或AdvP) 3 NO.1　名词短语(Noun Phrase或NP) 返回 语法串烧 It was very surprising① that Lucy didn't pass her oral English test②，and she couldn't believe it.Anyway，it was a pity③ that she failed in the test.It was because of her laziness.Then she realized that it was very important④ for her to study hard and practice more，so she has been studying much harder⑤ since then.Now she finds it interesting to practice speaking English and she enjoys it when she can speak fluent English⑥. 我的发现 ①形容词短语very surprising作表语； ②名词短语her oral English test作宾语； ③名词短语a pity作表语； ④形容词短语very important作表语； ⑤副词短语much harder作状语； ⑥名词短语fluent English作宾语。 1．含义 名词短语是指以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词。 2．构成 常见名词短语的构成形式有： 限定词＋名词：the girl 限定词＋形容词(短语)＋名词：a beautiful girl 限定词＋形容词＋名词＋介词短语：a beautiful girl in red dress 限定词＋描述性名词＋名词：my school life 限定词＋形容词＋名词＋动词不定式：a small room to live in 限定词＋形容词＋名词＋定语从句：a beautiful girl who is watching TV The young lady over there is my English teacher. 那边的那位年轻女士是我的英语老师。 (名词短语The young lady 的构成形式为：限定词＋形容词＋名词) There are some red roses on that small table. 在那张小餐桌上有一些红玫瑰。 (名词短语some red roses on that small table的构成形式为：限定词＋形容词＋名词＋介词短语；that small table也是名词短语) 3．句法功能 在句中当作名词用，一般用作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。 These interesting books are for you.(主语) 这些有趣的书是给你的。 He is my old friend.(表语) 他是我的老朋友。 My daughter had a great time there.(宾语) 我女儿在那里玩得很愉快。 We made Tom monitor of our class.(宾语补足语) 我们选汤姆当我们班的班长。 巧学活用1——写出下列句子中加黑的名词短语在句中所作的句子成分，并注意其组成 ①These ideas may seem strange to you. ________ ②We love our great motherland very much. ________ ③The man wearing a black coat is our teacher. ________ ④Those beautiful flowers come from Yunnan. ________ ⑤We made him capital of our team. ______________ ⑥He got three gold medals at the Olympic Games. ________ ⑦The tall building was built last year. ________ 返回 作主语 作宾语 作表语 作主语 作宾语补足语 作宾语 作主语 NO.2　形容词短语(Adjective Phrase或AdjP) 返回 1．含义 形容词短语是指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词。 2．构成 形容词短语是指由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰语构成的。具体形式如下： (1)形容词＋形容词(两个或多个形容词可以由and，but等连词连接，构成形容词短语) Your room is large and beautiful. 你的房间大且漂亮。 He is young but wise. 他年轻但有智慧。 (2)副词＋形容词(very，so，enough等副词作修饰语，可与形容词构成形容词短语) It is very hot today.今天很热。 The room is so dirty.这间屋子太脏了。 The road is long enough.这条路足够长。 温馨提示　副词enough在修饰形容词或副词构成的形容词短语或副词短语时，一般放在所修饰的形容词或者副词后面。 (3)形容词＋介词短语(介词短语可放在形容词后修饰形容词，可与形容词构成形容词短语) I am sure of success.我确信会成功的。 The bottle is full of water.瓶子里装满了水。 3．句法功能 (1)作表语(与连系动词构成系表结构，说明主语的性质或特征) The bridge is long and wide.这座桥又长又宽。 (2)作宾语补足语(说明宾语的性质、状态或特征) You must keep the room clean and tidy. 你必须保持房间干净整洁。 (3)作定语(修饰名词、代词，说明其性质、特征等) This pretty little Spanish girl is Linda's cousin. 这个漂亮的西班牙小女孩是琳达的表妹。 I think he is a man suitable for the job. 我认为他是适合做这项工作的人。 (4)作状语(说明主语的性质、状态或特征) The lost boy spent three days in the forest，cold and hungry. 那个迷路的男孩又冷又饿地在森林中过了三天。 He stood there，full of fear. 他站在那里，充满了恐惧。 巧学活用2——写出下列句中加黑的形容词短语构成形式及在句中所作的成分 如：It is less cold today than it was yesterday. _____________________①I find English very hard to learn. ____________________________②Our country is becoming more and more beautiful. ____________________________ ③The medicine is good for stomach. __________________________ ④He looked very worried. ______________________ ⑤Cold and hungry，he stopped working and went home. ________________________ ⑥A good friend is someone who makes you really happy. ____________________________ 返回 副词＋形容词；作表语 副词＋形容词；作宾语补足语 副词＋副词＋形容词；作表语 形容词＋介词短语；作表语 副词＋形容词；作表语 形容词＋形容词；作状语 副词＋形容词；作宾语补足语 NO.3　副词短语(Adverb Phrase或AdvP) 返回 1．含义 副词短语是指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词。 2．构成 副词短语是指由几个副词或副词及其修饰语构成的。具体形式如下： (1)两个或多个副词可以由and，but等连词连接构成副词短语。 She types quickly and correctly. 她打字快且准确。 He makes progress slowly but steadily. 他进步缓慢但稳定。 (2)very，enough等副词作修饰语，可与其他副词构成副词短语。 He runs very fast.他跑得快极了。 The teacher speaks clearly enough. 老师说得够清楚了。 He can finish that much quicker. 他能以更快的速度完成它。 3．句法功能 (1)修饰动词 She's a clever girl，and has learnt the new skill very quickly. 她是个聪明的女孩，很快就学会了新技能。(very quickly修饰动词has learnt) He drives extremely carefully. 他开车非常小心。(extremely carefully修饰动词drives) (2)修饰形容词 The dress was rather too small for her. 这件衣服对她来说太小了。(rather too修饰形容词small) (3)修饰副词 He is running much too fast in the match. 他在比赛中跑得太快了。(much too修饰副词fast) 巧学活用3——写出下列句子中加黑的副词短语在句中所修饰的成分，并注意其组成 ①He ran very quickly yesterday. __________ ②I am much too pleased to see you. ____________ ③She plays well enough as a beginner. __________ ④He worked much more carefully on the new design. __________ 修饰动词 修饰形容词 修饰动词 修饰副词 知识网络 返回 随堂应用 多维练 返回 维度一　写出下列句子中加黑部分的短语类型 1．We were passing by a boat house when we met her. __________ 2．Two of my brother's friends came to see him off. __________ 3．She will explain quite clearly what she intends to do in future. __________ 4．Quite properly，she was punished. __________ 5．He is inexperienced，but he is quite clever. ____________ 6．The fruit is good to eat. ____________ 7．The servant was afraid to wake up his master. ____________ 8．I didn't need to answer the questions，which saved me a lot of trouble. __________ 9．The cute boy wearing blue jeans is my brother. __________ 10．Always nervous，the man opened the letters. ____________ 名词短语 名词短语 副词短语 副词短语 形容词短语 形容词短语 形容词短语 名词短语 名词短语 形容词短语 维度二　语法与写作 1．我对中国文化很感兴趣。 I __________________________ Chinese culture. 2．我们将努力使我们的国家更美丽。 We will try to _____________________________________． 3．我在中文演讲比赛中得了第一名。 I won ___________________ in the Chinese speech contest. 4．它听起来像个好主意。 It sounds like _______________． am very interested in make our country more beautiful the first prize a good idea 5．我认为我们的城市应该健康发展，这样我们将来才能有一个更好的家乡。 I think our city _______________________ so that we can ______________ ___________ in the future. 6．广州是一个美丽的地方，适合人们居住。 Guangzhou is _____________________ for people to live in. should develop healthily have a better hometown a beautiful place 维度三　写出下列短文中加黑短语的类型，并写出其所作的成分 In Canada，volunteering is extremely common① among people of all ages.They believe that being helpful is one of the most important qualities② to have.There are many forms of voluntary work③ and opportunities to help are everywhere，including schools or people's gardens. I'm volunteering for an organisation to assist the teachers there④.I'm in charge of a preschool class，where students are very lovely⑤.When I first started，I was quite nervous⑥ as I'd never worked with little kids before.As time went on，I became more familiar with them.One teacher asked me to help the youngest girl⑦ in the class draw a picture based on the word “grateful”．As I was drawing and talking with her，I gradually felt warm and peaceful⑧，and I realized it was not that difficult to work with children.When the class was over，I felt really excited and even a bit proud of⑨ what I had done. Volunteering gives us not only an opportunity to change someone's life but also the satisfaction of helping others.It is also a great way to develop social skills and valuable experience for our future.For example，I have learned to speak to others more kindly and clearly⑩. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ①形容词短语；作表语　②名词短语；作表语 ③名词短语；作宾语　 ④名词短语；作宾语　 ⑤形容词短语；作表语　⑥形容词短语；作表语　⑦名词短语；作宾语　 ⑧形容词短语；作表语　⑨形容词短语；作表语　⑩副词短语；作状语 返回 课时测评 返回 基础语境练 Ⅰ.写出下列句子中加黑部分的短语类型及充当成分(每小题1分，共8分) 1．The tallest boy in our class is Li Lei. 2．She studies English very hard. 3．Tom carefully wrote some letters to his friends. 4．I'd like to go to the coffee shop this weekend. 5．The exam was surprisingly easy. 6．He looked very worried. 7．Corn is a useful plant that can be eaten by both humans and animals. 8．John，an old friend of mine，comes from America.   短语类型 充当成分   短语类型 充当成分 1 __________ ______ 5 ____________ ______ 2 __________ ______ 6 ____________ ______ 3 __________ ______ 7 __________ ______ 4 __________ ______ 8 __________ ________ 名词短语 主语 副词短语 状语 名词短语 宾语 名词短语 宾语 形容词短语 表语 形容词短语 表语 名词短语 表语 名词短语 同位语 Ⅱ.语法与写作(每小题3分，共15分) 1．这个毕业生将成为一名好教师。 The graduate will become __________________． 2．你应该相信一切都会好起来的。 You should be confident that everything will be ____________． 3．一些志愿者带着出席会议的人参观了城市。 The people ___________________________ were shown around the city by some volunteers. 4．珍妮对待事情总是太认真，这让我们很困惑。 Jenny always takes things ________________，which makes us confused. 5．我们很幸运地找到了一个解决这个问题的办法。 We were _______________ to find a solution to the question. a good teacher all right present at the meeting too seriously lucky enough Ⅲ.语法与语篇(每小题3分，共15分) 1．____________________ (我们学校的科学俱乐部)was established in 2020.It now has 55 members，including me.Our instructor is 2.______________ _____________ (知识渊博，并且很负责)．We often carry out 3.__________ _____________(各种各样的实验)，which are 4.________________________ ____________(趣味横生、充满意义)．We all want to be a scientist to help our country develop 5._____________________(更快地)． Our school science club very knowledgeable and responsible all kinds of experiments very interesting and meaningful much more quickly 素能提升练 Ⅳ.阅读理解(每小题2分，共14分) A (2024·福建省永安九中高一期中) Sports play an important role in teenagers' lives.They help teenagers keep fit and teach them teamwork.Four teenagers from different countries talk about their sports. Li Yue，China I do many sports，but my favourite is table tennis.I play table tennis in a club at the weekend and I'm quite good at it.On Saturday I teach some younger children to play table tennis，and that's really fun. Sophie，Britain My sport is rugby.I play for the U15s，the team for players under the age of 15.My team always plays a match on Saturday or Sunday，and I usually go to practice games three times on weekdays.It's hard work，but it's never boring! Ben，Canada I love the snow and the mountains.In the holidays，I always go to the mountains with my family.I go snowboarding with my sister and other young people every day，and I'm getting really good.I want to be a famous snowboarder one day. Laura，America I started running when I was really young.When I was 13，I joined a club and started taking part in competitions.I have never won a race，but I'm improving all the time.That's the most important thing for me.I've also made many friends since joining the club. 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个来自不同国家的青少年谈论自己最喜爱的运动。 细节理解题。根据Li Yue，China部分中“I play table tennis in a club at the weekend and I'm quite good at it.”可知，李越擅长打乒乓球。故选A项。 √ 1．Who is good at playing table tennis? A．Li Yue. B．Sophie. C．Ben. D．Laura. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“My team always plays...on weekdays.”可知，苏菲在周末打比赛。故选A项。 √ 2．What does Sophie always do at the weekend? A．Play a match. B．Go snowboarding. C．Go to practice games. D．Practice running in a club. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“I have...thing for me.”可知，对劳拉来说最重要的事情是总在提高。故选D项。 √ 3．What's the most important thing for Laura? A．Winning races. B．Enjoying the sport. C．Making friends. D．Improving all the time. B Eric and Sam were good friends.They went to the same school and were in the same class. Eric was not strong.He could not play football or other games with boys of his age.All that he did was to watch Sam and other boys play.He usually went with them to the playground.When they ran off to play，he would sit under a tree and read storybooks.Books became his best friends.The reading made him successful in all the exams.He always stood first in the class. Sam was tall and athletic.He spent most of his time running，swimming or riding bicycles.He was an extremely good player in every game.He was a member of the school's football team and basketball team.The PE teacher thought he would make it big in the game when he grew up. One day，the two friends went for a walk.Eric got tired soon. “I have no strength.What is the use of all this knowledge，if I am not healthy? I would give away all my knowledge if I could be half as healthy and strong as you.” said Eric. Sam was surprised and replied，“So you are not happy with yourself too? I always wished I could have done as well as you did in the studies.I even thought I could have given away my sporting skills for better grades in those exams.” The two friends looked at each other and cried out at the same time，“The grass looks greener on the other side of the hill.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两个朋友意识到对方的优点和自身的不足的故事。 细节理解题。由第二段中的“All that he did ...Books became his best friends.”可知，和Sam一起去操场的时候，Eric总是坐在树下，读着自己最喜欢的故事书。 √ 4．What did Eric usually do when he went to the playground with Sam? A．He read his favorite books. B．He played with his friends. C．He studied for the exams. D．He took care of the clothes. 细节理解题。由第三段中的“Sam was tall and athletic ...basketball team.”可知，Sam大部分时间花在体育上，说明他很喜欢体育，比赛表现也很棒，所以体育老师认为他长大后会成为体育明星。 √ 5．Why did the PE teacher think Sam might become a sports star? A．Sam was very strong. B．Sam was good at playing football. C．Sam loved sports so much and was good at them. D．Sam spent all his time playing sports. 推理判断题。由第六段中的“I always wished ...for better grades in those exams.”可知，Sam想拥有和Eric一样好的学习成绩，甚至可以用运动技能来换，说明他对自己的学习成绩是不满意的。 √ 6．What can we learn from Paragraph 6? A．Eric was proud of his knowledge. B．Sam was unhappy with his studies. C．Sam could do as well as Eric did in the studies. D．Eric and Sam decided to learn from each other. 句意理解题。由最后一段并结合上文可知，Eric和Sam在一起散步时，拿自身的不足之处和对方的优点比较，都希望自己能够改善个人的不足，做到和对方一样好，说明两人对自己的现状都不满意，都渴望得到自己没有的东西，总觉得自己没有得到的东西就是比现有的更好，由此可得出画线句子在此处意为“我们总是想要更好的，而对自己现在拥有的不满意”。 √ 7．What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean? A．Practice makes perfect. B．Nobody knows his own strong points. C．Grass usually appears greener in faraway places. D．We always want something better and feel unhappy. Ⅴ.语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) Lauren Parrino is having a busy schedule on her first senior high school year. She 1. (become)captain of her school women's soccer team at the start of this year.“It's amazing 2. I'll be fighting for myself and the school.” Just a few days ago，Parrino 3. (accept)into a volunteer programme.“It's a six-month programme，” explained Parrino.“I work 4. Mondays and can go around the hospital to meet nurses and doctors，which has given me a closer look into the medical field.” Besides，Parrino plays 5. active role in clubs around the school.She is the vice president of the literature club now and plans on 6. (join)another club this year. became that was accepted on an joining Though involving herself in several extra-curricular 7. (activity)，Parrino manages her time quite well.Parrino feels 8. (confidence)in her ability to succeed in all of them.She said，“There's never a perfect balance，but I don't let 9. (I)quit until I'm in control of everything to the 10. (good)I'm able to be.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Lauren Parrino在高中第一学年繁忙的日程安排。 activities confident myself best 1．答案：became      2．答案：that       考查动词的时态。根据时间状语at the start of this year可知，空处谓语动词应用一般过去时。故填became。 考查名词性从句。此处It作形式主语，空处引导的从句为真正的主语。空处在从句中不充当任何成分，且无词义。故填that。 3．答案：was accepted      4．答案：on       考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Just a few days ago可知，空处谓语动词应用一般过去时，且与主语Parrino之间是被动关系，要用被动语态，主语为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填was accepted。 考查介词。在星期几用介词on。 5．答案：an      6．答案：joining       考查冠词。play a(n) role in为固定搭配，空处在形容词active之前，active发音以元音音素开头，故填an。 考查非谓语动词。空处在介词on后面，应用动词-ing形式，故填joining。 7．答案：activities      8．答案：confident       考查名词的单复数。空处由形容词several修饰，应用可数名词复数形式，故填activities。 考查词性转换。空处位于系动词feels后，应用形容词作表语，故填confident。 9．答案：myself      10．答案：best       考查代词。根据句意可知，空处表示“我自己”，应用反身代词，故填myself。 返回 考查形容词的最高级。空处由定冠词the修饰，表示“最好的”之意，应用形容词的最高级，故填best。 谢 谢 观 看 ！ 返回 $$