UNIT 5 Section Ⅵ Grammar(2)-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高一英语必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（北师大版2019）

UNIT 5　HUMANS AND NATURE Section Ⅵ　Grammar(2) 后缀 内容索引 初识语法　品语篇 1 精研语法　巧点拨 2 初识语法　品语篇 返回 语法串烧 National① parks are important for preserving the beauty of our natural② world. However，some areas can become dangerous③ if not properly④ managed. Efforts are made to ensure⑤ visitors’ safety⑥. Additionally⑦， park authorities work tirelessly⑧ to beautify⑨ the surroundings by planting colorful⑩ flowers. These improvements⑪ make it easier for visitors to enjoy the park. 我的发现 返回 1．①②为-al后缀的_______； 2．③为-ous后缀的_______； 3．④⑦⑧为-ly后缀的______； 4．⑤为en-前缀的______； 5．⑥为-ty后缀的______； 6．⑨为-fy后缀的______； 7．⑩为-ful后缀的_______； 8．⑪为-ment后缀的______。 形容词 形容词 副词 动词 名词 动词 形容词 名词 精研语法　巧点拨 返回 在一个单词前面或后面加上一个词缀，使之变成一个新词，这种构词的方法叫作派生法。词缀有前缀和后缀两种。一般情况下，加前缀改变词义，加后缀改变词性。我们通常可以根据后缀判断出一个词的词性。 1．形容词后缀 后缀 意义 例词 -able 常用在名词或动词后，“可……的；能……的” reason→reasonable有道理的 accept→acceptable可接受的 -al 用在名词后面，“属于……的，具有……性质的” nature→natural自然的 nation→national国家的；民族的 -an 用在名词之后，“国家(人)的” Asia→Asian亚洲(人)的 America→American美国(人)的 后缀 意义 例词 -en 由……制作的 wood→wooden木制的 wool→woolen羊毛的 -ern ……方向的 east→eastern 东方的 west→western 西方的 -ese 某国(人)的 China→Chinese中国(人)的 Japan→Japanese日本(人)的 -ful 用在名词或动词后，“充满……的；有……性质的；有……倾向的” beauty→beautiful 美丽的 care→careful 小心的 forget→forgetful 健忘的 后缀 意义 例词 -ic/ical 与……有关的 electricity→electric用电的 politics→political政治的 -ish 如……的，……似的 child→childish 孩子气的 self→selfish 自私的 -ive 倾向……的 act→active 积极的 collect→collective 集体的 -less 没有……的 care→careless 粗心的 use→useless 无用的 后缀 意义 例词 -ly 有……特征的；像……的 friend→friendly 友好的 year→yearly 每年的 mother→motherly 母亲般的 brother→brotherly 兄弟般的 -ous 有……特性的 famous 著名的 dangerous 危险的 -some 用在名词或动词后；构成形容词，“易于……的，有……倾向的” quarrel→quarrelsome爱争吵的 tire→tiresome令人厌倦的 -y 有……性质的，多……的 wind→windy 多风的 dirt→dirty 脏的 2．动词后缀 后缀 意义 例词 -en 用在名词或形容词之后，“使成为，使变成” length→lengthen 加长 short→shorten 缩短 wide→widen 加宽 -fy/-ify 用在名词或形容词之后，“使……化，使成为……” beauty→beautify 美化 simple→simplify 简化 -ize/-ise 用在名词或形容词之后，“使成为……，使……化” apology→apologize/apologise道歉 organ→organize/organise组织 real→realize/realise实现 3．副词后缀 后缀 意义 例词 -ly ……地 bad→badly 坏地 easy→easily 容易地 -ward(s) 用在名词或介词之后，“朝向……” for→forward(s) 向前地 west→westward 向西地 4．名词后缀 后缀 意义 例词 -an/-ian ……地方的人；精通……的人 America→American美国人 history→historian历史学家 music→musician音乐家 后缀 意义 例词 -dom 用在动词、形容词或名词后，表示状况、地位、职位等 bore→boredom厌烦 free→freedom自由 king→kingdom王国 -er 人 foreign→foreigner外国人 report→reporter记者 -ess 人或动物，指雌性 act→actress 女演员 lion→lioness 母狮子 -ful 充满，一……的量 hand→handful 一把 mouth→mouthful 一满口 后缀 意义 例词 -or 人 invent→inventor 发明家 act→actor 演员 -ism ……主义 Marx→Marxism 马克思主义 capital→capitalism 资本主义 material→materialism 唯物主义 -ist 用在名词或动词后，“从事……的人”或与以-ism结尾的名词结合，“……主义者” novel→novelist小说家 type→typist打字员 physics→physicist物理学家 communism→communist共产主义者 socialism→socialist社会主义者 后缀 意义 例词 -ment 用在动词后，表示行为、状态、结果等 move→movement运动 agree→agreement协议 settle→settlement解决；殖民地 -ness 用在形容词后，表示性质、状态或特点 ill→illness疾病 happy→happiness幸福 -ship 用在名词后，使名词意义抽象化，表示状态、地位、身份、职位等 friend→friendship友谊 leader→leadership领导；领导职位 member→membership成员资格 owner→ownership所有权 后缀 意义 例词 -tion 状态、行为 collect→collection 收集 translate→translation 翻译 -th 用在形容词或动词之后，表示性质、状态等 warm→warmth暖和 true→truth真相，真理 wide→width宽度 grow→growth成长 5．数词后缀 后缀 意义 例词 -teen 十几 four→fourteen十四 eight→eighteen十八 -th 第几 four→fourth第四 eight→eighth第八 -ty 几十 four→forty四十 eight→eighty八十 巧学活用——用所给词的适当形式填空 ①Mary was very _____ at the news，so she looked _______ at her husband，her eyes full of _________．(sad) ②He _______ football very well and he was one of the best _________ in yesterday’s football match.(play) ③Edison is a great __________. During his life he has many ____________. (invent) ④You are so ______ to help me.Thank you for your __________．(kind) sad sadly sadness plays players inventor inventions kind kindness 知识网络 随堂演练 维度一　按括号内的要求写出下列各词的相应形式 1．origin→__________ (adj.) 2．experiment→______________ (adj.) 3．happy→_________ (adv.) 4．thick→_________ (adv.) 5．nation→__________ (adj.) 6．difference→___________ (adj.) 7．confidence→___________ (adj.) 8．culture→__________ (adj.) 9．final→_________ (adv.) original experimental happily thickly national different confident cultural finally 10．difficulty→___________ (adj.) 11．major→__________ (n.) 12．marry→__________ (n.) 13．lucky→_________ (adv.) 14．southeast→______________ (adj.) 15．fast→________ (v.) 16．fool→_________ (adj.) 17．trouble→_____________ (adj.) 18．down→__________ (adv.) 19．fault→________ (adj.) 20．health→_________ (adj.) difficult majority marriage luckily southeastern fasten foolish troublesome downward faulty healthy 维度二　语法与写作 1．Chinese New Year is a _____________ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. 2．The ___________ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. 3．In the 18th and 19th centuries，_________ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants，historical objects and works of art. 4．Landing on the moon’s far side is ___________ (extreme) challenging. 5．The experience enriched our life and ___________ (broad) our horizons as well. celebration beautiful wealthy extremely broadened 6．His eye-catching _____________ (perform) brings the character to life! 7．_________ (obvious)，it is high time that we took some effective measures to solve the problem. 8．When it comes to the problem of children’s ___________ (educate)，there are no shortage of ideas. 9．Critics’ comments have a great impact on the final __________ (decide) of the government. 10．I was enjoying the beautiful scenery outside the window when an old man with a cane caught my attention __________ (sudden). performance Obviously education decision suddenly 维度三　语法与语篇 From the 1．__________ (express) on Mary’s face，he knew he left a bad 2．___________ (impress) on her and if she won the 3．__________ (elect) to become chairman of the Environment 4．_____________ (organize)，he could not get her 5．__________ (permit) to join it although he was willing to do his bit to rid the world of 6．_________ (pollute) and to help people enjoy a better earth.When he was wondering how to change this embarrassing situation，he got 7．__________ (inspire) from his wife’s words.Yes，he should try his best to win the election and become chairman himself with his 8．_____________ (determine) to work for the organization.“My dear，you are really a 9．___________ (wonder) helper！I’m sure I will be the winner of the election，”He said to his wife 10．___________ (excite). expression 返回 impression election Organization permission pollution inspiration determination wonderful excitedly 谢 谢 观 看 ！ 返回 $$