UNIT 6 Section Ⅱ Lesson 1-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高一英语必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Lesson 1 Step One：Pre-reading 1．What is the type of this text? It’s a news story. 2．Where would you most likely find this passage? A．In a blog. B．In a book. C．In a letter. D．In a newspaper. 答案：D 3．Analyze the structure of a piece of news. the headline；vivid pictures；the lead；the body；the conclusion Step Two：While-reading Ⅰ.Read for the main idea. What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Tu Youyou was awarded a Nobel Prize for her discovery of artemisinin. B．How to make contributions to science. C．How to become a successful person. D．How Tu Youyou became famous. 答案：A Ⅱ.Read for the structure. Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks. 学生用书第102页 Ⅲ.Read for details. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers. 1．Who helped Tu Youyou discover the life-saving drug? A．Her friends. B．Her family. C．Her students. D．Her team. 2．How long did Tu Youyou study Chinese medicine with experts in the field? A．Two and a half years. B．One and a half years. C．A half year. D．Three and a half years. 3．What’s the situation in curing malaria in the 1960s? A．Scientists tried to find a cure but no success. B．Tu Youyou set up her team and found a cure. C．Scientists all over the world were testing more than 240,000 chemicals. D．Tu Youyou and her team started her research using modern methods. 4．What do you think of Tu Youyou from her story? A．Friendly. B．Kind. C．Clever. D．Hard-working. 5．What is the significance of Tu Youyou’s team’s research according to the passage? A．Improving the people’s awareness of health. B．Showing promise in fighting against malaria. C．Obtaining some important materials about malaria. D．Promoting the development of traditional Chinese medicine. 答案：1～5 DAADB Step Three：Post-reading Ⅰ. 难句解构 1．A scientist who was on the Nobel Prize Committee_called Hans Forssberg explained that “the 定语从句 宾语从句 discovery of artemisinin has led to the development of new drugswhich have saved the lives of millions”． [尝试翻译]　诺贝尔奖委员会的一位名叫汉斯·弗丝拜戈的科学家解释说：“青蒿素的发现使得新药得以开发，这些药物拯救了数百万人的生命。” 2．Tu Youyou bravely volunteered to be the first human subject when they were ready to start testing 时间状语从句 and the rest of her team followed her. [尝试翻译] 　当他们准备开始测试时，屠呦呦勇敢地志愿成为第一个人类实验对象，团队中的其他人也紧随其后。 Ⅱ.佳句仿写 1．教材佳句　At the Nobel Prize Lecture on 7 December，2015，an 84-year-old Chinese woman walked slowly on to the stage.(动作描写) 学后仿写　这对夫妇手牵着手沿着海滩慢慢地走着。 The couple walked slowly along the beach，hand in hand. 学生用书第103页 2．教材佳句　Today Tu Youyou continues to conduct research despite her age.(人物描写) 学后仿写　 尽管日程繁忙，约翰还是继续抽出时间与家人团聚。 Despite his busy schedule，John continued to make time for his family. Ⅲ.品质升华 1．Why is the discovery of artemisinin important? (Critical Thinking批判性思维) Because it has saved hundreds of thousands of lives and has led to improved health for millions of people. 2．Why is Tu Youyou considered a great person? (Creative Thinking创造性思维) As BBC listed，the reasons why Tu Youyou is considered a great person：Firstly，uphold scientific ideas in difficult times.Secondly，never forget to look back on the past.Thirdly，her achievements span the world. ◎ ①stage/steɪdʒ/n.舞台；阶段 ②award/ə'wɔːd/vt.授予；给予 ③committee/kə'mɪti/n.委员会 ④lead to 导致 [联想] 表示“导致”的其他词语：cause，result in，contribute to等。 ⑤honour /'ɒnə/n.荣誉　vt.感到荣幸 ⑥recognition/ˌrekəɡ'nɪʃən/n.表彰；赞扬 ⑦encouragement/ɪn'kʌrɪdʒmənt/n.鼓舞，鼓励，起激励作用的事物 [构词法] 　-ment是名词后缀，常用于动词后，表示做某事的动作或结果。 类似的词还有government (政府)，replacement (替换)等。 ⑧academy/ə'kædəmi/n.研究院；学会 ⑨gain a deep knowledge about...对……有深刻了解 [近义表达] have /gain a deep understanding of...；have a good grasp of... gain /ɡeɪn/vt.获得，赢得，取得；受益n.好处；利益 ⑩practice 熟词生义 n．(医生、律师的)工作，业务活动 ⑪establish/ɪ'stæblɪʃ/vt.建立，设立 ⑫across the world 全世界 ⑬chemical/'kemɪkəl/n.化学品 adj.化学的 ⑭herb/hɜːb/n.药草 ⑮literature/'lɪtərətʃə/n.文献资料；著述；文学 literature on sth 关于某事物的文献/著作/资料 ⑯traditional Chinese medicine 传统中药 ⑰recipe/'resɪpi/n.处方；秘诀 ⑱antimalarial adj.抗疟的 [构词法] anti-是名词和形容词前缀，常用于名词和形容词前，表示“防，防止；反，反对”。类似的词还有antibacterial (抗菌的)，antifreeze (防冻剂)等。 ⑲limited resources 有限的资源 limited/'lɪmɪtɪd/adj.有限的 resource/rɪ'zɔːs/n.物力；资源 natural resources 自然资源 ⑳staff/stɑːf/n.全体职员，员工 medical/teaching staff 全体医务人员/全体教师 ㉑eventually/ɪ'ventʃuəli/adv.最终；终于 ㉒come across 偶然发现；偶遇 ㉓promising/'prɒmɪsɪŋ/adj.大有希望的 ㉔volunteer to do sth 志愿做某事 ㉕subject 熟词生义 n．接受试验者，实验对象 ㉖fame/feɪm/n.名声，名誉 achieve/win fame 获得/赢得名声 rise/shoot to fame overnight 一夜之间成名 ㉗internationally adv.世界地，国际性地 ㉘renowned /rɪ'naʊnd/adj.著名的，有名望的 ㉙be selected by...as...被……选为…… ㉚influential adj.有很大影响的，有支配力的 influence vt.&n.影响 have an influence on对……有影响 ㉛figure n．人物；数学符号；数字 ㉜along with 除……以外(还)，与……同样地 [注意] 主语后有with，along with，together with等时，谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致。 ㉝be noted for ＝ be famous/known for 以……著名/闻名 ㉞bridge 熟词生义 vt.结合(极为不同的两者) ㉟conduct research 进行研究 ㊱despite/dɪ'spaɪt/prep.尽管；虽然 ㊲wisdom/'wɪzdəm/n.知识，学问；智慧 wise adj.充满智慧的，明智的 ㊳potential/pə'tenʃəl/n.潜力；可能性 ㊴advance/əd'vɑːns/n.发展；进步 ㊵integrate/'ɪntɪɡreɪt/vi.&vt.(使)结合；(使)成为一体 integrate A into/with/and B 使A和B结合在一起 ◎ At the Nobel Prize Lecture on 7 December，2015，an 84-year-old Chinese woman walked slowly on to the stage①.She began to talk about the life-saving drug，artemisinin，which she had discovered with the help of her team in the 1970s [1].The woman was Tu Youyou，the first Chinese female scientist to be awarded② a Nobel Prize for her work [2].A scientist who was on the Nobel Prize Committee③ called Hans Forssberg explained that “the discovery of artemisinin has led to ④ the development of new drugs which have saved the lives of millions”．When thanking the Committee for the honour⑤，Tu Youyou said，“This is not only an honour for myself，but also recognition⑥ of and encouragement⑦ for all scientists in China.” [3] [1]画线部分为which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词artemisinin。 [2]画线部分为Tu Youyou的同位语，对Tu Youyou进行具体的解释说明；scientist前有序数词the first修饰，故其后用了动词不定式to be awarded作后置定语，award与其逻辑主语scientist之间为动宾关系，故动词不定式用了被动语态。 [3]本句中“When thanking...honour”为“连词＋动词-ing形式”结构，thank与其逻辑主语Tu Youyou之间为主谓关系。直接引语中包含“not only...but also...”结构，表示“不仅……而且……”。 学生用书第104页 Tu Youyou was born in Zhejiang Province，China，on 30 December，1930．She studied medicine at Peking University Health Science Centre.After graduation，she became a member of China Academy⑧ of Chinese Medical Sciences.Later，she studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with experts in the field from whom she gained a deep knowledge about⑨ traditional practices⑩ [4]. [4]画线部分为“介词from＋关系代词whom”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词experts。 In 1969，Tu Youyou was chosen to establish⑪ a team to find a cure for malaria — a disease that killed millions of people every year.Across the world⑫，scientists had been trying to find a cure.They tested more than 240,000 chemicals⑬ with no success.However，Tu Youyou had an idea that Chinese herbs⑭ might hold the secret [5].She studied ancient Chinese medical literature⑮ and visited experts in traditional Chinese medicine⑯.She researched hundreds of traditional recipes⑰ connected to anti-malarial⑱ cures.Then Tu Youyou and her team began using modern research methods to study these Chinese herbs one by one. [5]画线部分为that引导的同位语从句，解释说明idea的具体内容。 This was not an easy task.The reason why this was difficult was that the team had limited resources⑲.[6]They did not have enough staff⑳，and the laboratory in which they worked had poor air quality. [7] However，after hundreds of failed experiments，they eventually㉑ came across㉒ a promising㉓ chemical.It worked well in experiments on animals，but they had to know if it was safe for humans [8].Tu Youyou bravely volunteered to be㉔ the first human subject㉕when they were ready to start testing and the rest of her team followed her.The test was a success.The medicine they discovered，artemisinin，has now become the world’s most effective drug for fighting malaria. [6]本句为主从复合句。why在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason；that引导表语从句。 [7]本句是由and连接的并列复合句。in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词laboratory。 [8]画线部分为if引导的宾语从句，作动词know的宾语。 学生用书第105页 Even though Tu Youyou is not interested in fame㉖，she has become a scientist whose work is internationally㉗ renowned ㉘.[9] In 2019，she was selected by the BBC as㉙one of the most influential㉚figures㉛of science in the 20th century along with㉜Albert Einstein and Alan Mathison Turing.Tu Youyou was noted for㉝her bravery in being a scientist during a difficult time for science in China，her ability to use old wisdom and new methods to achieve her goals and the fact that her work bridged ㉞ the Eastern and Western worlds，saving millions of lives. [10] Today Tu Youyou continues to conduct research㉟ despite㊱her age.According to Tu Youyou，“From our research experience in discovering artemisinin，we learnt the wisdom㊲behind both Chinese and Western medicine.There is great potential㊳for future advances㊴if these two kinds of wisdom can be fully integrated㊵”． [9]本句为主从复合句。Even though引导让步状语从句；whose引导定语从句，修饰先行词scientist，whose在从句中作work的定语。 [10]ability后是动词不定式短语作定语，that在此引导同位语从句，解释说明the fact的具体内容；“saving millions of lives”为动词-ing形式短语作结果状语。 ◎ 在2015年12月7日的诺贝尔奖颁奖典礼上，一位84岁的中国女士慢慢地走上领奖台。她开始谈论挽救生命的青蒿素，这是她在团队的帮助下于20世纪70年代发现的一种药。这位女士就是屠呦呦，是中国第一位被授予诺贝尔奖的女科学家。诺贝尔奖委员会的一位名叫汉斯·弗丝拜戈的科学家解释说：“青蒿素的发现使得新药得以开发，这些药物拯救了数百万人的生命。”感谢诺贝尔奖委员会授予自己这项荣誉时，屠呦呦说：“这不仅是授予我个人的荣誉，也是对全体中国科学家的肯定和鼓励。” 1930年12月30日，屠呦呦出生于中国浙江省。她曾在北京大学医学部学习医学。毕业后，她成为中国中医科学院的一员。后来，她跟随该领域的专家学习了两年半的中医，从他们身上获得了有关传统医学工作的渊博知识。 1969年，屠呦呦被选中组建一个团队来寻找疟疾的治疗方法，疟疾每年导致数百万人死亡。世界各地的科学家都在试图找到治疗方法。他们测试了超过24万种化学物质，都没有成功。然而，屠呦呦认为中药草可能是秘诀学生用书第106页 所在。她研究了古代中国的医学文献，拜访了传统中医界的专家。她研究了数百种与抗疟疾治疗有关的传统配方。随后，屠呦呦和她的团队开始采用现代的研究方法对这些中药草逐一进行研究。 这不是一项容易的任务。困难的原因是团队资源有限，他们没有足够的工作人员，并且他们工作的实验室空气质量很差。然而，经历了数百次失败的实验后，他们最终发现了一种有望成功的化学物质。这种物质在动物实验中效果很好，但他们必须知道它对人类是否安全。当他们准备开始测试时，屠呦呦勇敢地志愿成为第一个人类实验对象，团队中的其他人也紧随其后。这次测试很成功。她们发现的药物——青蒿素，现在已经成为世界上抗击疟疾最有效的药物。 尽管屠呦呦对名声不感兴趣，但她已成为一位国际知名的科学家。2019年她被英国广播公司选为20世纪最具影响力的科学人物之一，与阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和艾伦·麦席森·图灵齐名。屠呦呦在中国科学的困难时期勇敢地(选择)做一名科研人员，能够用古老的智慧和新的方法实现目标，而且，实际上她的工作将东西方世界结合了起来，拯救了数百万人的生命。如今，虽然年事已高，屠呦呦仍在继续做研究。据屠呦呦说：“从发现青蒿素的研究经验中，我们学到了中医和西医背后的智慧。如果这两种智慧能够完全融合，未来将有巨大的发展潜力。” ◎阅读单词——识记 1．drive mosquitoes away 驱赶走蚊子 2．plant some herbs 种植一些药草 3．her recipe for success 她成功的秘诀 4．win instant fame 立即获得名声 5．a renowned author 一位著名的作家 6．despite the power cuts 尽管供电中断 7．integrate with the local community 与当地社区结合 ◎核心单词——练通 1．the life-saving drug 救命的药品 2．a female scientist 一位女科学家 3．chemical reactions 化学反应 4．the early stage 早期阶段 5．be awarded a Nobel Prize 被授予诺贝尔奖 6．establish the committee 建立委员会 7．gain confidence 获得信心 8．works of literature 文学著作 9．a public resource 一种公共资源 10．medical staff 医务人员 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的→effect n．效果；作用→effectively adv.有效地；实际上，事实上 2．honour n．荣誉vt.感到荣幸→honourable adj.可敬的，值得钦佩的；品格高尚的；体面的 3．recognition n．表彰；赞扬→recognize vt.认识，认出；承认，意识到；认可→recognizable adj.容易认出的；易于识别的 4．limited adj.有限的→limit vt.限制；限定n.界限；限度→limitless adj.无限的 5．eventually adv.最终；终于→eventual adj.最终的 6．promising adj.大有希望的→promise n．承诺，许诺，诺言 vt.许诺，答应，保证 7．wisdom n．知识，学问；智慧→wise adj.聪明的；有判断力的→wisely adv.明智地，聪明地 8．potential n．潜力；可能性→potentially adv.潜在地 9．advance n．发展；进步→advanced adj.先进的；高级的；高等的 学生用书第107页 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．have...in mind 心里已有…… 2．put out fires 灭火 3．in danger 在危险中 4．apart from... 除……之外 5．with the help of 在……的帮助下 6．lead to 导致；通向 第二组　英译汉 7．fight for... 努力争取，为……斗争 8．fight against... 对抗；反对；与……作斗争 9．one by one 一个接一个 10．come across 偶遇 11．be noted for 因……而闻名 ◎典型句式——默背 1．句型公式　sb spend＋时间/金钱＋(in) doing sth 教材原句　They also spend lots of time helping (花很多时间帮助) people who are in danger. 2．句型公式　not only...but (also)...“不但……而且……” 教材原句　They not only put out fires，but also save (不但灭火，而且还拯救) people who are in danger. 3．句型公式　动词不定式作主语 教材原句　To be an admirable person (要成为一个受人尊敬的人)doesn’t only mean to fight all the time. 4．句型公式　the first/second/...(＋名词)＋动词不定式 教材原句　The woman was Tu Youyou，the first Chinese female scientist to be awarded a Nobel Prize (中国第一位被授予诺贝尔奖的女科学家) for her work. 5．句型公式　the reason why...is/was that...“……的原因是……” 教材原句　The reason why this was difficult was that (这项任务困难的原因是) the team had limited resources. Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 award vt.授予；给予 (教材原句)The woman was Tu Youyou，the first Chinese female scientist to be awarded a Nobel Prize for her work. 这位女士就是屠呦呦，是中国第一位被授予诺贝尔奖的女科学家。 (1)award sth to sb＝award sb sth 把某物颁发给某人 award sb for sth 因……颁奖给某人 (2)award n． 奖；奖赏；奖品 win/receive/get an award for 因……而赢得/得到/获得奖品 易混辨析　award，reward与prize award 多指奖励在某个领域或工作中取得成就或成绩突出的人，常由评委经过认真考虑颁发奖项、奖金。 reward 多指对某人的帮助、工作或服务等的酬谢，可以是金钱，也可以是物品或精神奖励。 prize 多指在竞赛、竞争或抽奖中所赢得的奖品。 单句语法填空/应用文写作之人物介绍 ①The organisation awarded the scholarship to Sarah for her outstanding academic achievements. ②The scientist received an award for her research in environmental conservation. ③莫言于2012年被授予诺贝尔文学奖。 Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012． 学生用书第108页 honour n．荣誉vt.感到荣幸 (教材原句)When thanking the Committee for the honour，Tu Youyou said，“This is not only an honour for myself，but also recognition of and encouragement for all scientists in China.” 感谢诺贝尔奖委员会授予自己这项荣誉时，屠呦呦说：“这不仅是授予我个人的荣誉，也是对全体中国科学家的肯定和鼓励。” (1)in honour of 为向……表示敬意；为了纪念…… It is one’s honour to do sth 做某事是某人的荣幸 (2)be honoured for... 因……而受到尊敬/获得荣誉 be honoured as... 被尊为…… be/feel honoured to do sth 做某事感到荣幸 [中国元素]　The annual Lantern Festival is a time when families come together to honour their ancestors and offer prayers for good fortune. 一年一度的元宵节是一个家庭聚在一起向祖先致敬并祈祷好运的时刻。 单句语法填空/应用文写作之演讲稿 ①The Dragon Boat Festival falls on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month in honour of the great poet，Qu Yuan. ②It is my honour to accept (accept) this award on behalf of the team. ③He was honoured as the most valuable player of the season. ④He was honoured forhis exceptional bravery during the rescue mission. ⑤今天，我很荣幸受邀发表题为“劳动的果实是最甜的”的演讲。 Today，I feel honoured to be invited to deliver the speech titled “ The Fruit of Labor Is Sweetest”. come across 偶遇；偶然发现；被理解 (教材原句)However，after hundreds of failed experiments，they eventually came across a promising chemical. 然而，经历了数百次失败的实验后，他们最终发现了一种有望成功的化学物质。 come about 产生，发生(无被动形式) come out 出来；(书等)出版，发行；(花)开放 come up (to sb) 走上前；上来；被提出，被提及 come up with 想出；提出 when it comes to... 当谈及…… 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作描写 ①I wonder how it came about that she was two hours late on such a short trip. ②It’s no good looking up every new word that you come across while reading. ③Ask Lily for help.She will be likely to come up with some creative solutions. ④When it comes to English learning，I have the following practical suggestions to share. ⑤她走到我面前，给了我一个温暖的拥抱。 She came up to me and gave me a warm hug. 学生用书第109页 renowned adj. 著名的， 有名望的 (教材原句)Even though Tu Youyou is not interested in fame，she has become a scientist whose work is internationally renowned. 尽管屠呦呦对名声不感兴趣，但她已成为一位国际知名的科学家。 (1)be renowned as 作为……而出名 be renowned for 因为……而出名 (2)renown n． 名声；声望；名誉 win renown as 赢得……的名声 [中国元素]　The Shaolin Temple is renowned for its long-standing tradition of martial arts practice. 少林寺以其悠久的武术传统而闻名。 单句语法填空/应用文写作之人物介绍 ①She is renowned as a pioneer in the field of artificial intelligence. ②The country is renowned for its beautiful natural landscapes，attracting tourists from around the world. ③这位运动员赢得了奥运冠军的美誉，激励了一代有抱负的运动员。 The athlete won renown as an Olympic champion，inspiring a generation of aspiring athletes. advance n．发展；进步 vi.前进；促进 adj.预先的；事先的 (教材原句)There is great potential for future advances if these two kinds of wisdom can be fully integrated. 如果这两种智慧能够完全融合，未来将有巨大的发展潜力。 (1)make advances in 在……方面取得进步 in advance 提前，预先 in advance of (时间上)提前于……；超过 (2)advanced adj. 先进的；高级的；晚期的 [中国元素]　The invention of papermaking was a significant advance in Chinese civilization. 造纸术的发明是中国文明的重要进步。 单句语法填空/应用文写作之建议信 ①The company has made significant advances in renewable energy technology. ②We decided to leave the party in advance of the crowd to avoid the rush hour. ③The advanced (advance) technology used in this smartphone allows for faster processing speeds. ④别忘了提前准备好护照和其他旅行必需品。 Don’t forget to pack your passport and other travel essentials in advance． 一词多义——stage A．n.舞台　B．n.阶段　C．vt.上演 ①The equipment is still at the experimental stage. B ②The drama club decided to stage a performance of Shakespeare’s “Romeo and Juliet”. C ③The actors took their places on the stage，ready to perform the play. A 学生用书第110页 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：not only...but also...“不但……而且……” (教材原句)They not only put out fires，but also save people who are in danger. 他们不仅扑灭大火，而且还拯救了处于危险中的人们。 句中“not only...but also...”意为“不但……而且……”，用来连接两个并列的主语、宾语、表语、谓语或句子。also有时可以省略。 (1)用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分时，着重强调后者。 (2)若连接两个句子，且not only置于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装。 (3)若连接的两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致。 [中国元素]　Traditional Chinese festivals are not only occasions for family reunions but also for the appreciation of cultural customs and traditional foods. 中国的传统节日不仅是家庭团聚也是欣赏文化习俗和传统食物的时刻。 单句语法填空/应用文写作之佳句 ①Not only the students but their teacher is (be) enjoying the movie now. ②Not only did they present a musical performance，but they also briefly introduced the history of western instruments. ③一个灿烂的笑容不仅能使我们自己高兴而且能使他人感到愉快。 Not only can a beautiful smile make ourselves pleased，but it also enables others to feel delighted. 句型公式：the＋序数词＋名词＋动词不定式(作定语) (教材原句)The woman was Tu Youyou，the first Chinese female scientist to be awarded a Nobel Prize for her work. 这位女士就是屠呦呦，是中国第一位被授予诺贝尔奖的女科学家。 句中名词短语Chinese female scientist前有序数词the first修饰，其后要用动词不定式短语作后置定语。 当被修饰词为序数词或被序数词修饰时，通常用动词不定式作后置定语。 常用动词不定式作后置定语的情况： (1)表示将来的动作时； (2)位于形容词最高级或only、last、next等词后，或名词被形容词最高级或only、last、next等词修饰时； (3)一些抽象名词后常用动词不定式短语作定语，常见的抽象名词有ability、way、reason、chance、courage等； (4)当被修饰的词为 something、nothing、anything 等不定代词时，常用动词不定式短语作后置定语。 [中国元素]　Emperor Qin Shi Huang is remembered as the first man to unify China under one rule. 秦始皇被认为是统一中国的第一人。 单句语法填空/应用文写作之佳句 ①It was a good chance to practice(practice) my Spanish. ②Healthy eating，along with regular exercise，is probably the only way to become (become) fit. ③A good housewarming gift is something to decorate (decorate) the new house with. ④我的老师总是第一个到校，最后一个离校。 My teacher is always the first to arrive at the school and the last to leave the school． 课时测评12　Section Ⅱ　Lesson 1 (时间：60分钟　满分：100分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　根据汉语及首字母提示填入单词的适当的形式(每小题1分，共10分) 1．There were so many mosquitoes(蚊子)in the bedroom that I couldn’t fall asleep. 2．True wisdom(智慧)is knowing what you don’t know and being open to learning from others. 3．He froze on stage(舞台)and forgot his lines during the performance. 4．The female(女性的)soccer team won the championship，proving once again that women can do well in sports. 5．Regular exercise and a healthy diet can help you gain(获得)strength and improve overall well-being. 6．The hotel staff(员工)provided excellent service throughout our stay. 7．Despite his fame(名声)，he managed to maintain a down-to-earth attitude. 8．“Dream of the Red Chamber” written by Cao Xueqin during the Qing Dynasty is considered one of the greatest masterpieces of Chinese literature(文学). 9．Water is a very important natural resource because we all need it to stay alive. 10．Norway awards the Rachel Carson Prize to women who have made great contributions to the field of environmental protection. 维度二　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．The university was established (establish) in the 19th century and has a long-standing reputation for excellence in education. 2．It’s an honour to be (be) able to represent my country on the international stage. 3．The artist’s talent finally gained widespread recognition (recognise) after years of hard work. 4．I’m sorry to say that I can’t finish the work within the limited (limit) time. 5．If you are to have a happy journey，you’d better book your accommodation in advance. 6．The talented boy has the potential to become (become) a world-class musician. 7．Despite being (be) a young athlete，she has already achieved great success in her sport. 8．If you keep working hard，you will eventually (eventual) achieve your goals. 9．Judging from the book I have just read，I think he is a very promising (promise) writer. 10．It is agreed that reading widely is one of the most effective (effect) ways to enlarge our vocabulary. 维度三　完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．巴黎以埃菲尔铁塔和卢浮宫博物馆等标志性建筑而闻名。 Paris is renowned for its iconic landmarks such as the Eiffel Tower and Louvre Museum. 2．除了英语，她还能流利地说另外三种语言。(apart) Apart from English， she is fluent in three other languages. 3．在公园里散步时，我碰到了一只受伤的鸟。(come) While walking in the park，I came across an injured bird. 4．我们的新邻居不仅友好，而且非常乐于助人。(not only...but also...) Our new neighbor is not only friendly but also very helpful． 5．尼尔·阿姆斯特朗是第一个在月球上行走的人。(动词不定式作定语) Neil Armstrong is the first man to walk on the moon． 维度四　教材知识迁移(每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面新情景，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tu Youyou is famous around the world.She is the first Chinese female scientist 1．to win (win) the Nobel Prize.She studied medicine at Peking University Health Science Centre.After 2．graduation (graduate)，she became a member of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. In 1969，Tu You you 3．was chosen (choose) to establish a team to find a cure 4．for malaria—a disease that killed millions of people every year.This was not 5．an easy task.They had limited resources and they did not have enough staff.She studied ancient Chinese medical literature and 6．visited (visit) experts in traditional Chinese medicine.Then she and her team began using modern research methods to study the Chinese herbs one by one.After hundreds of failed experiments，they 7．eventually (eventual) came across a promising chemical.The medicine they discovered was artemisinin，8．which has now become the world’s 9．most effective (effective) drug for fighting malaria. According to Tu Youyou，from their experience in 10．discovering (discover) artemisinin，they learnt the wisdom behind both Chinese and Western medicine.And there is great potential for future advances if these two kinds of wisdom can be fully integrated. [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共40分) A (2024·商丘市名校高一上学期期中联考) Bartek Ostalowski lost both his arms in a terrible accident in 2006，but that wasn’t enough to kill his dream of one day becoming a professional race-car driver. Finding himself armless at just 20 years old and faced with the difficult task of learning to drive a car on a race circuit(赛车道)must have been quite the shock for Bartek，but he gathered the courage and the drive to push on. In three years，he became a master of driving a race-car with his feet. Today，Bartek Ostalowski is the world’s only professional sport driver who drives using his feet. In order to deal with his physical limitations，Bartek transformed(改装)his race car according to his needs，adding a new engine，and stronger transmission(变速器). The ambitious Polish driver uses his right foot to control the pedals，while moving on with his left one. The race car is controlled with the shoulder. “After my accident，I was looking for a solution. I asked myself if I wanted to race again what would I need to do？” Bartek told the reporter of Business Insider. “I heard about someone in Poland who，like me，had no arms，but he drove a car on a daily basis with no problem. After meeting him，my dream and passion for motor sports were alive and strong，and I made the decision to return to racing one day.” In 2019，Ostalowski finished in ninth place out of 50 drivers in the Polish Drift Championship，one of the most competitive championship series in all of Europe，and the year before that，he won the international Czech Drift Series，beating dozens of other professional sports drivers. “Of course，I encourage other people with disabilities to get involved in motor sports. It’s a beautiful passion and I think a great form of recovery too. So make your dreams come true，” the Polish driver said. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了双臂缺失的波兰人Bartek Ostalowski热爱赛车运动，他不向命运屈服，积极参加漂移赛事，成为世界上唯一的无臂职业赛车手。 1．What is special about Bartek Ostalowski? A．He lost his arms. B．He is a race-car driver. C．He drives the race car with feet. D．He becomes a master of driving a race car. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“Today，Bartek...drives using his feet.”可知，如今，Bartek Ostalowski是世界上唯一一个用脚开车的职业赛车手，即用脚开赛车是他与众不同的地方，故选C项。 2．Who encouraged Bartek Ostalowski most according to the text? A．A driving master. B．A disabled driver. C．A great champion. D．A newspaper reporter. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“I heard about...racing one day.”可知，这位残疾的司机给Bartek Ostalowski的鼓励最大，故选B项。 3．What does the author think of Bartek Ostalowski according to Paragraph 4? A．Admiring. B．Frightening. C．Interesting. D．Embarrassing. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“In 2019，Ostalowski...sports drivers.”可知，Bartek Ostalowski在比赛中获得了不错的成绩。由此可以推断出，作者对于Bartek Ostalowski是钦佩的，故选A项。 4．Which should be the title of the text? A．A Moving Story about a Dream Coming True B．A Great Man Rising from a Terrible Accident C．The Only Man with Courage and Drive on a Race Circuit D．The Only Armless Professional Sports Driver in the World 答案：D 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“Today，Bartek...using his feet.”可知，本文讲述的是双臂缺失的波兰人Bartek Ostalowski热爱赛车运动，他不向命运屈服，积极参加赛事，成为世界上唯一的无臂职业赛车手的故事，因此D项“世界上唯一的无臂职业赛车手”最适合作文章标题。故选D项。 B (2024·江苏省盐城市高一上学期期末) Flower-drum dancing is a traditional Chinese folk performance. It is popular across the county especially in places such as Fengyang in Anhui，Guangshan in Henan，and Haian in Jiangsu. The Haian flower-drum dance dates back to more than 400 years ago. It became popular in the areas of the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River in the Ming Dynasty (1368－1644). The art form was used to show the peaceful lives of local fisherwomen. It is still popular with local people，known for its lively movements and gentle music. In 2007，the Haian flower-drum dance was included in the list of art forms that make up Jiangsu’s provincial intangible(非物质的)cultural heritage. Yang Peijie，71，is an inheritor(传承人)of the Haian flower-drum dance. He has been performing the dance for more than 50 years. “It has become a part of my life，” he said. In the 1960s，Yang joined an art troupe(艺术团)and started to learn the dance from older artists. At that time，people could only learn it in this way. There were no textbooks. Worrying the art may become lost，Yang spent five years studying the history of the dance and recorded its movements in detail. He visited almost all the local artists and wrote a book about the subject in the 1980s. According to Yang，the dance movements are easy to learn and understand as they come from everyday life. “For example，there is a movement called fengbailiu，it means you twist your body like the wind blowing the willow trees.” Nowadays，Yang focuses on promoting the dance among all age groups，especially the young. He set up a team to work on this. The team members visit about eight schools each year to teach students. It has been added to break-time exercises in many local schools. “To make it easier for kids to learn，we break down difficult movements into several simple ones，”Yang said. They also go to communities and parks to teach older people. “It’s my responsibility to pass down the art. I don’t want to see it get lost in my lifetime，” Yang said. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了花鼓舞的历史以及杨培杰为推广花鼓舞所作出的努力。 5．What do we know about the Haian flower-drum dance? A．It was linked to the lives of local fishermen. B．It is famous for its light movements and music. C．It was included in the intangible cultural heritage list in 2007． D．It originated in the areas of the Yangtze River in the Ming Dynasty. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“It is still popular with local people，known for its lively movements and gentle music.”可知，海安花鼓舞以轻快的动作和音乐而闻名。故选B。 6．What did Yang do to keep the art alive? A．He put down what is relevant to it in the 1980s. B．He consulted the local government about its history. C．He wrote down the local artists’ dance move ments in detail. D．He joined an art troupe to learn the dance from older artists. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“Worrying the art may become lost...about the subject in the 1980s.”可知，由于担心这门艺术会失传，杨花了5年时间研究这门舞蹈的历史，并详细记录了它的动作。他拜访了几乎所有的当地艺术家，并在20世纪80年代写了一本关于这个主题的书。由此可知，他在20世纪80年代写下了与之相关的东西，以保持艺术的生命力。故选A。 7．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．Yang’s love for flower-drum dance. B．The ways Yang teaches flower-drum dance. C．Difficulties in promoting flower-drum dance. D．Yang’s attempts to popularize flower-drum dance. 答案：D 解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段中“Nowadays，Yang focuses on promoting the dance among all age groups，especially the young.”可知，最后一段主要介绍了杨试图推广花鼓舞。故选D。 8．Which of the following can be a suitable title of this passage? A．Promoting a fork art B．Keeping the drum beat C．Continuing to perform a dance D．Learning to twist your body 答案：B 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文并根据第一段中“Flower-drum dancing is a traditional Chinese folk performance.”和最后一段中“Nowadays，Yang focuses on promoting the dance among all age groups，especially the young.”可知，本文主要介绍了花鼓舞的历史以及杨为推广花鼓舞所作出的努力。故B项最适合作文章标题。故选B。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2分，共10分) (2024·宿州市合肥六中高一上学期期中) Earhart was an American aviator.__1__. She had several excellent flights，including becoming the first woman to fly across the Atlantic Ocean in 1928，as well as the first person to fly over both the Atlantic and Pacific. She passed away in 1939． After seeing wounded soldiers returning from World War Ⅰ， Earhart volunteered for the Red Cross. __2__. She developed a strong admiration for aviators，spending much of her free time watching the Royal Flying Corps practicing at the airfield nearby. At a Long Beach air show in 1920，Earhart took a plane ride that changed her life. When she landed，she knew she had to learn to fly. She finally earned enough money to take flying lessons. __3__. She read everything she could find on flying and spent much of her time at the airfield. In the summer of 1921，she set out to make a name for herself in aviation. In 1925，Earhart was forced to abandon her studies in Columbia University and found employment first as a teacher，then as a social worker. __4__， becoming a member of the American Aeronautical Society’s Boston chapter. She also invested a small amount of money in the Dennison Airport in Massachusetts，and acted as a sales representative for Kinner airplanes in the Boston area. __5__. In 1929，she entered the first Santa Monica-to-Cleveland Women’s Air Derby，placing third. In 1931，she set a world altitude record of 18,415 feet. Between 1930 and 1935，Earhart set seven women’s speed and distance aviation records in a variety of aircraft. Earhart’s life and career have been celebrated for the past several decades on “Amelia Earhart Day”， which is held annually on July 24—her birthday. A．In April 1928，Earhart received a phone call from Captain Hilton B．Earhart’s public image presented a somewhat shy woman C．She gradually got back into aviation in 1927 D．Earhart aimed to become a respected pilot E．She came to know many wounded pilots F．She was the 16th woman to be issued a pilot’s license G．She devoted herself to learning to fly 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位美国历史上的著名女性飞行员——埃尔哈特生前的一些事迹。 1．答案：F 解析：根据上文“Earhart was an American aviator.”以及下文“She had several excellent flights，including...the Atlantic and Pacific. She passed away in 1939．”可知，本句承接上文继续介绍她作为飞行员所取得的成就。故F选项“她是第16位获得飞行员执照的女性”符合语境。 2．答案：E 解析：根据上文“After seeing wounded soldiers returning from World War Ⅰ， Earhart volunteered for the Red Cross.”可知，本句承接上文说明她在红十字会的见闻。故E选项“她认识了许多受伤的飞行员”符合语境。 3．答案：G 解析：根据上文“At a Long Beach air show in 1920，Earhart took a plane ride that changed her life. When she landed，she knew she had to learn to fly. She finally earned enough money to take flying lessons.” 可知，埃尔哈特挣到了足够的钱去上飞行课，故本句说明她开始专心学习飞行。故G选项“她致力于学习飞行”符合语境。 4．答案：C 解析：根据上文“In 1925，Earhart was forced to...as a teacher，then as a social worker.”以及下文“becoming a member of the American Aeronautical Society’s Boston chapter”可知，空前面说埃尔哈特被迫放弃了在哥伦比亚大学的学业，先是找到了一份教师的工作，然后是一名社会工作者，下文提到了成为航空学会的成员，故本句是在说明她“逐渐重返航空业”。故C选项“1927年，她逐渐回到了航空业”符合语境。 5．答案：D 解析：根据下文“In 1929，she entered the first...aviation records in a variety of aircraft.”可知，埃尔哈特的目标是成为一名受人尊敬的飞行员。故D项“埃尔哈特立志成为一名受人尊敬的飞行员”符合语境。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) (2024·重庆市第一中学校高一上学期期中) A skywell，or “tian jing”(天井)in Mandarin，is a typical feature of a 1．________ (tradition) home in southern and eastern China. Different from a northern Chinese courtyard，generally speaking，a skywell is 2．________(small) and less exposed to the outdoor environment. Skywells are 3．________(common) seen in homes dating back to Ming and Qing dynasties，which were built to house 4．________(generation) of relatives. Skywells managed 5．________(cool) buildings in an era well before air-conditioning existed. When wind blows above a skywell house，it can enter the indoor space through the opening. Since outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air，the incoming wind travels down the walls to the lower stories 6．________creates airflows by replacing warmer indoor air， 7．________rises and leaves through the opening. Designed to serve as 8．________gathering space for families or communities as well，skywell buildings 9．________(exist) in China for hundreds of years. Although in recent times they have often been forgotten by people 10．________(prefer) modern facilities，due to a revival of our Chinese architecture，skywell buildings have been making a comeback. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“天井”这一中国传统住宅典型设计的地理分布、作用、历史和现状。 1．答案：traditional 解析：考查词性转换。本空修饰名词home，故应用形容词traditional作定语。 2．答案：smaller 解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据and后的“less exposed”可知，此处将两者进行比较，应用形容词的比较级形式。 3．答案：commonly 解析：考查词性转换。本空修饰are seen，故应用副词commonly，意为“通常，常常”。 4．答案：generations 解析：考查名词的单复数。generation意为“一代(人)”，为可数名词，空前没有限定词，故应用复数。 5．答案：to cool 解析：考查非谓语动词。manage to do sth意为“设法做成某事”，故本空应用动词不定式作宾语。 6．答案：and 解析：考查连词。本空前后是并列关系，应用and连接。 7．答案：which 解析：考查定语从句。本空引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词warmer indoor air，指物，本空在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which。 8．答案：a 解析：考查冠词。空后名词gathering space表示泛指，且gathering发音以辅音音素开头，故应用不定冠词a。 9．答案：have existed 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“for hundreds of years”可知，本空应用现在完成时。主语为复数，故填have existed。 10．答案：preferring 解析：考查非谓语动词。本空修饰名词people，动词prefer和被修饰名词之间为主动关系，故本空应用动词-ing形式作定语。 学生用书第111页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$