UNIT 5 HUMANS AND NATURE 单元综合提升-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高一英语必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（北师大版2019）

单元综合提升 ◎ 1．disaster n. 灾难；灾祸 2．comment n． 评论；意见 3．crowded adj. 拥挤的；挤满人的 4．climate n． 气候 5．lecture n． 讲座，讲课；演讲 6．overuse vt. 过度使用；滥用 7．million n． 百万 8．title n． 题目，标题 9．wave n． 海浪；波涛 10．file n． 档案，卷宗 11．soul n． 灵魂 12．edge n． 边缘 13．extent n． 面积；长度；范围；程度 14．rescue n. & vt. 营救；救援 学生用书第89页 15．vehicle n． 交通工具，车辆 16．trap vt. 困住；使陷于危险中 17．attempt n．&vt. 努力，尝试，企图 18．damage n． 伤害，损伤，损害 19．measure vt. 估量，衡量；测量 20．site n． 场所，地点 21．process n． 过程，进程 22．battle n． 较量，竞争；斗争；战斗 23．duty n． 职责，义务；责任 24．captain n． 上校；队长；组长 25．prove vt. 证明；证实 26．honesty n． 坦诚；诚实，正直 27．brochure n． 小册子 28．shelter n． 避难所 29．observe vt. 观察；注意 30．metal n． 金属 31．scary adj. 可怕的，恐怖的 32．disappearance n． 消亡；消失 ◎ 选用左栏单词的正确形式填空 1．Do you have any comments to make about the cause of the disaster? 2．It is not sensible to go to crowded public places when the epidemic breaks out. 3．The flood last month in the east was a real disaster，leaving 19 people dead and 78 missing. 4．It is difficult to measure the success of the campaign at this stage. 5．Experts say this bad weather like heavy rain or continuous drought has occurred due to climate change. 6．Ms Kitty was half an hour late for the lecture，just because of heavy traffic. 7．Four boys out of a total of 12 young soccer team members have been rescued after being trapped in a cave in northern Thailand for more than two weeks. 8．The design of the multi-functional table lamp proved a success when IKEA managed to popularize it in the Asian market. 9．Speaking of honesty，I know a lot of people who don’t pay bus fares. 10．Lenin lives on the minds and hearts of millions of people. 11．You are in a peaceful mood to comfort the desperate soul of the world. 12．Via such networks，libraries share their books with each other through the use of delivery vehicles． ◎ 1．shock vt.使震惊；使难以置信→shocking adj.令人震惊的；可怕的→shocked adj.震惊的；震撼的 2．survive vi. & vt.活下来；幸存→survival n．幸存；生存→survivor n．幸存者 3．frighten vt.使惊吓；使害怕→frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的→frightening adj.令人恐惧的；令人害怕的 4．horror n．恐怖；战栗；厌恶→horrible adj.可怕的，吓人的，令人恐惧的→horribly adv.可怕地 5．curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地；奇异地→curiosity n. 好奇心；好奇；稀奇的人或物 6．observe vt.观察；注意→observation n．观察；观察结果→observer n．观察者 7．equal adj.相等的；相同的→equally adv.相等地；同样地；平等地→equality n．同等；平等 学生用书第90页 8．interrupt vi.&vt.打断讲话→interruption n．打断 9．die v．死去→death n．死，死亡→dead adj.死的 10．lose vt.失去→loss n．丧失；死亡→lost adj.迷路的；丢失的 11．operate vi.&vt.做手术；操作→operation n．行动，活动；手术；操作 12．suffer vi.&vt.遭受→suffering n．(肉体或精神上的)痛苦；折磨 13．protect vt.保护→protection n．保护；防护 14．breathe vi.&vt.呼吸→breath n．呼吸 15．dust n．灰尘；尘埃→dusty adj.布满灰尘的 16．explore vt.探究；探讨；探险→explorer n．探险者；勘察者→exploration n．探险；探索 17．prepare vt.准备；预备→preparation n．预备，准备 18．base n．基地，大本营；基础 vt.以……为基地→basic adj.基本的；基础的 19．anxious adj.渴望的；忧虑的→anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地→anxiety n．焦虑；担心；渴望 20．ambition n．抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿→ambitious adj.有雄心的；野心勃勃的→ambitiously adv.雄心勃勃地 21．cheer n．欢呼；激励；愉快 vt.鼓舞；加油；快活起来→cheerful adj.高兴的，兴高采烈的 22．distant adj.久远的；遥远的→distance n．距离；路程；远方 23．honest adj.诚实的；正直的；坦率的→honesty n．坦诚；诚实，正直→honestly adv.诚实地；老实地 24．sincere adj.真诚的；诚挚的→sincerity n．真诚，真挚，诚实→sincerely adv.真诚地；真心地 学生用书第91页 25．brave adj.勇敢的；英勇的→bravery n．勇气；勇敢的行为 26．vary vi.不同，相异→varied adj.各种各样的，形形色色的→various adj.多种多样的 27．scare vt.使害怕，使恐惧→scary adj.可怕的，恐怖的 28．harm n．&vt.伤害；损害→harmless adj.无害的→harmful adj.有害的 29．origin n．起源→originality n．独创性；创造力→original adj.原创的；有创造性的；最初的 ◎ 用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空 1．A bomb destroyed two buildings and caused many deaths (die). 2．Tired and out of breath (breathe)，we reached the top of the mountains and stopped to admire the beautiful scenery. 3．I still remember the moment when I first saw him after his operation (operate). 4．①It was a really terrifying experience.Afterwards everybody was very shocked (shock). ②It was shocking (shock) that the mayor was arrested after he took office for less than half a year. 5．Being prepared is the best way to increase your chances of survival (survive). 6．Trapped under the ruins，the victims’ sufferings (suffer) are extreme. 7．In conclusion，in order to make our friendship last long，we have to find the proper distance (distant) between us and our friends. 8．His ambition (ambitious) is to become a great scientist in the future. 9．Outdoor activities in our school are varied/various (vary) and attractive. 10．The design for the building shows a great deal of originality (origin). 11．Space exploration (explore) has been made possible with the development of modern science. 12．①As is widely known，playing outside helps children learn through curiosity (curious)，which in turn promotes creativity. ②Curiously (curious) enough，a year later exactly the same thing happened again. 13．The expert has a language barrier in attending such an important meeting，but he should be praised for his bravery (brave). 14．The teacher spoke in praise of the child for his honesty (honest). 15．She saw quite well that she was not treated on a footing of equality (equal). 16．I’m making a real effort to be cheerful (cheer) despite everything. 17．①I’m frightened (frighten) of walking home alone in the dark. ②To see policemen with guns in the airport for the first time was frightening (frighten). 18．The team has been training hard in preparation(prepare) for the big game. 19．There’s tension and anxiety (anxious) from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. 20．When it comes to the most horrible (horror) thing I’ve experienced，I have to mention the robbery in Cape Town. 21．April Fool’s Day is a traditional festival —when people play harmless (harm) jokes on others. ◎ 1．turn one’s back (on sb/sth) 对……置之不理，对……撒手不管 2．on the edge of 在……边缘；某事快要发生(尤指不好的事) 3．pick up 搭救，营救；(汽车；飞机)乘载；学会；捡起 4．breathe in 吸气 5．run out 用完；耗尽 6．in preparation for... 为……做准备 7．break down 停止运转，出故障 8．carry on 继续；继续移动 9．be made up of... 由……组成 10．leave...alone 不打扰，不惊动 ◎ 选用左栏短语的正确形式填空 1．He is my best friend；I just can’t turn my back on him now that he needs my help. 2．Coached by Jeff，the team which was made up of college players became the champion of the season. 3．The boy was almost scared to death by the scary story；he was on the edge of crying. 4．He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead，because the air-conditioning system broke down． 5．Everybody is working hard in preparation for their future，and I am also making preparations for my ambition. ◎ 1．The moment 引导时间状语从句 The moment I heard the word I became very frightened. 2．the＋比较级...，the＋比较级... The first，the larger the bodies were，the more rapidly they fell... 学生用书第92页 3．完全倒装 Then came the total darkness of the polar winter. 4．have＋宾语＋宾语补足语 He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis. 5．with复合结构 That leaves the wolves with nothing to eat so they start attacking the farmers’ animals. ◎ 1．每年，一坐上火车，我就会被山西方言包围。 Every year，the moment I get on the train，I am surrounded by Shanxi accents. 2．你越关注细节，你在考试中犯的错就会越少。 The more attention you pay to details，the fewer mistakes you will make in the exam. 3．听到这个好消息，这个男孩儿从椅子上跳了起来。 Hearing the good news，up jumped the boy from the chair． 4．由于天气寒冷，他让火一整天都烧着。 He had the fire burning all day because of the cold weather. 5．老师朝他温暖地笑着，他终于平静了下来。 With the teacher smiling at him warmly，he eventually calmed down. 语法填空(文中加黑词汇为本单元的重点词汇) It was a hot summer. Some junior school boys were playing near a river where they felt very curious 1．about the stones on the bottom of the river. One recommended they pick some of the stones and they could swim 2．to fight (fight) against the heat at the same time. The others agreed. Soon after they swam in the river，3．a disastrous thing happened. One boy 4．was drowned (drown) in the deep part. The other boys felt very frightened. Then they began to swim to him，5．attempting (attempt) to save him. 6．Unfortunately (unfortunate)，they failed. At that moment，a young man 7．who/that was passing by observed the boys struggling in the water，without 8．thinking (think)，the man jumped into the river. He saved the boys one by one. Though he felt very exhausted，he felt very 9．satisfied (satisfy) because no one died. When the villagers arrived，they praised the young man for his 10．bravery (brave)，but he walked away without saying who he was. A Love of Gardening “If you look the right way，you can see that the whole world is a garden.” These words come from the author of the book The Secret Garden，first published① in 1911．At that time，only the very rich in Britain had gardens. Very soon after this，homes with gardens began to be built. This is what started the British love of gardening！Today，millions of Brits like to say that they have “green fingers②”， with around half the population spending their free time gardening. 学生用书第93页 For many people in the UK，their garden is their own private world. Each spring，children plant sunflowers③ and wait to see which one is the tallest. Expert④ gardeners know just the right corner for roses，and others spend hours trying to grow perfect vegetables to enter into competitions⑤. And while many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass，some are happy just to sit under the branches⑥ of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around them. But in cities，limited space has led to people looking for new solutions. Those without outside space can rent⑦ small pieces of land on which to grow things. Today，there are over 4,000 people in London waiting for such pieces of land. One recent idea has been to turn rooftops⑧ and walls into private gardens. These gardens have helped make the cities greener and improve air quality. As well as being good for the environment，gardening is also good for the soul. What other free-time activity allows you to be at one with nature and create more beautiful living things? And if you’re in any doubt about this，take a moment to reflect on this line from The Secret Garden: “Where you tend⑨ a rose... A thistle⑩ cannot grow.” (选自外研版必修第一册　Unit 6) [词海拾贝] ①publish vt. 出版 ②green fingers 高超的种植技能 ③sunflower n． 向日葵 ④expert adj. 内行的，专家的 ⑤enter into competitions 参加比赛 ⑥branch n． 树枝 ⑦rent vt. 租用，租借 ⑧rooftop n． 屋顶 ⑨tend vt. 照料，照顾 ⑩thistle n． 蓟 [佳句赏析] Those without outside space can rent small pieces of land on which to grow things. 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。on which引导定语从句，修饰名词pieces of land。 【翻译】　住宅外部没有空间的居民可以租用小块土地种植作物。 [阅读回答] 阅读文本，回答以下问题 1．Which of the following is true about The Secret Garden? A．It is not famous. B．It teaches people how to garden. C．It was first published in 1911． D．It was published when most of the people in Britain owned gardens. 2．Which of the following activities is not mentioned in Paragraph 2? A．Planting sunflowers. B．Growing vegetables. C．Cutting the grass. D．Finding roses. 3．What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A．People are finding more space to garden in Britain. B．Private gardens are limited in Britain for air pollution. C．All rooftops and walls have been turned into private gardens in Britain. D．More than 4,000 people have rented some pieces of land in London. 4．Where can you find the passage? A．A science book. B．A magazine. C．A storybook. D．A leaflet. 答案：CDAB 学生用书第94页 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My dad，George，only had an eighth grade education. A quiet man，he didn’t understand my world of school activities. From age 14，he worked. And his dad，Albert，took the money my dad earned and used it to pay family expenses. I didn’t really understand his world either: He was a livestock trucker，and I thought that I would surpass (超过) anything he had accomplished by the time I walked across the stage at high school graduation. Summers in the mid-70s were spent at home shooting baskets，hitting a baseball，or throwing a football，preparing for my future as a quarterback on a football team. In poor weather，I read about sports or practiced my trombone (长号). The summer before my eighth grade I was one of a group of boys that a neighboring farmer hired to work in his field. He explained our basic task，the tractor fired up and we were off，riding down the field looking for weeds to spray with chemicals. After a short way，the farmer stopped and pointed at a weed which we missed. Then we began again. This happened over and over，but we soon learned to identify different grasses like cockleburs，lamb’s-quarters，foxtails，and the king of weeds，the pretty purple thistle. It was tiring work，but I looked forward to the pay，even though I wasn’t sure how much it would amount to. At home，my dad said，“A job is a big step to growing up. I’m glad you will be contributing to the household.” My dad’s words made me realize that my earnings might not be mine to do with as I wished. My labors lasted about two weeks，and the farmer said there might be more work，but I wasn’t interested. I decided it was not fair that I had to contribute my money. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 The pay arrived at last._________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I understood immediately what my parents were worried about._________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ [读后续写四步曲] 第一步　通读全文，理清脉络 1．读要素，弄懂故事大意 本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者高中毕业后，参加农场工作，辛辛苦苦挣到的钱，不情愿贡献给家庭。 2．读人物，理清人物关系 I，my dad and the farmer 3．读时态，确定主体时态 一般过去时 学生用书第95页 4．读结构，了解叙述方式 第1段：介绍作者的父亲。 第2段：确定自己会超过父亲。 第3段：暑假生活。 第4段：暑假打工挣钱。 第5段：父亲的话让我意识到自己劳动的钱可能归不了自己了。 第6段：觉得上交自己挣的钱不公平。 5．读语言，把握语言特色 原文中的语言特色： (1)心理描写 ... I thought that I would surpass (超过) anything he had accomplished by the time I walked across the stage at high school graduation. ... I looked forward to the pay，even though I wasn’t sure how much it would amount to. My dad’s words made me realize that my earnings might not be mine to do with as I wished. (2)情感描写 My labors lasted about two weeks，and the farmer said there might be more work，but I wasn’t interested. 第二步　依据首句，构思框架 1．读懂两段首句 第一段首句译文：工资终于拿到了。 第二段首句译文：我立刻明白了父母在担心什么。 第一段框架：作者的工资到手后，高兴地计划自己用这笔钱，不愿意交给父亲，然后看到父亲的辛劳。 第二段框架：作者明白了父母担心自己不懂得奉献，想通后自豪地把钱交给了父亲。 2．写好两个衔接句 第一段首句后的衔接句：Although the job was very tiring，I was very happy in my heart for I got something from my work. 第二段首句后的衔接句：They were worried that I was too selfish to give. 3．写好一个结尾句 I proudly took out my own money and handed it to Dad. 第三步　增加细节，展开续写 基于第一段的框架，我们可以补充以下细节： 终于拿到工资(非常高兴)——计划如何支配自己的劳动所得——父亲问及自己挣多少钱(不情愿说出)——看到父亲辛勤劳作想起了父亲说的那句话。 基于第二段的框架，我们可以补充以下细节： 明白了父母所担心的事情——奉献的意义——拿出自己劳动挣的钱，自豪地交给父亲。 第四步　检查优化，整洁誊写 The pay arrived at last. Although the job was very tiring，I was very happy in my heart for I got something from my work. The toil of labor was forgotten for the time being. I thought I should have my own money and planned how to spend it. “How much money have you earned？” Dad asked. I was surprised，reluctant to say my income. The next morning，my dad’s livestock truck started running. I saw my father’s hard-working figure and thought of his words “A job is a big step to growing up”． I understood immediately what my parents were worried about. They were worried that I was too selfish to give. I realized that my labor was very hard，but my growth and our whole family had been depending on the hard work of my parents! Dad never complained about unfairness! He even seemed to think that was fair. I thought，“I’ve only worked for two weeks，but how many years my father has worked！” In the evening，Dad came back. I proudly took out my own money and handed it to Dad. 学生用书第96页 非遗传承：一针一线绣出川蜀大地的绝世风华 Embroidery is an important art form in Chinese culture.In the past，people embroidered on handkerchiefs，bed covers，tablecloths and dresses.Girls would embroider on a sachet as a gift for their lovers.The most famous embroidery styles are Su embroidery from Suzhou，Shu embroidery from Sichuan，Xiang embroidery from Hunan and Yue embroidery from Guangdong. 刺绣是中国文化中的一种重要艺术形式。在过去，人们在手帕、床罩、桌布和衣服上刺绣。女孩会在香囊上刺绣，作为礼物送给她们的爱人。最著名的刺绣风格是苏州的苏绣、四川的蜀绣、湖南的湘绣和广东的粤绣。 Shu embroidery is the oldest of the four.It is known for its smooth needlework and beautiful colors.It dates back to the Han Dynasty.People sold it to other countries through the South Silk Road.It used to be a fashion item in ancient Rome，according to China Daily. 蜀绣是四种刺绣中最古老的一种。它以其流畅的针法和美丽的色彩而闻名。它可以追溯到汉代。人们通过南丝绸之路把它卖到其他国家。据《中国日报》报道，在古罗马，它曾经是一种时尚用品。 Embroidery takes time and patience.It might take as long as a whole day to finish just 10 cm of embroidery.By the 1970s，Sichuan had as many as 5,000 embroiderers.But since modern machines can make cheaper embroidery products today，fewer people buy handmade Shu embroidery products.There are also very few young embroiderers，so the skill is in danger of dying out.To protect the skill，Shu embroidery was added to China’s intangible cultural heritage list in 2006． 刺绣需要时间和耐心。完成10厘米的刺绣可能需要一整天的时间。到二十世纪七十年代，四川有多达5 000名刺绣师。但是，由于今天现代机器可以制造更便宜的刺绣产品，购买手工蜀绣产品的人越来越少。年轻的刺绣者也很少，所以这项技能面临着消亡的危险。为了保护这一技能，蜀绣在2006年被列入中国非物质文化遗产名录。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$