UNIT 5 Section Ⅵ Grammar(2)-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高一英语必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅵ　Grammar(2) 后缀 语法串烧 我的发现 　　National① parks are important for preserving the beauty of our natural② world. However，some areas can become dangerous③ if not properly④ managed. Efforts are made to ensure⑤ visitors’ safety⑥. Additionally⑦， park authorities work tirelessly⑧　to beautify⑨ the surroundings by planting colorful⑩ flowers. These improvements⑪ make it easier for visitors to enjoy the park. 1．①②为-al后缀的形容词； 2．③为-ous后缀的形容词； 3．④⑦⑧为-ly后缀的副词； 4．⑤为en-前缀的动词； 5．⑥为-ty后缀的名词； 6．⑨为-fy后缀的动词； 7．⑩为-ful后缀的形容词； 8．⑪为-ment后缀的名词。 在一个单词前面或后面加上一个词缀，使之变成一个新词，这种构词的方法叫作派生法。词缀有前缀和后缀两种。一般情况下，加前缀改变词义，加后缀改变词性。我们通常可以根据后缀判断出一个词的词性。 学生用书第81页 1．形容词后缀 后缀 意义 例词 -able 常用在名词或动词后，“可……的；能……的” reason→reasonable有道理的 accept→acceptable可接受的 -al 用在名词后面，“属于……的，具有……性质的” nature→natural自然的 nation→national国家的；民族的 -an 用在名词之后，“国家(人)的” Asia→Asian亚洲(人)的 America→American美国(人)的 -en 由……制作的 wood→wooden木制的 wool→woolen羊毛的 -ern ……方向的 east→eastern 东方的 west→western 西方的 -ese 某国(人)的 China→Chinese中国(人)的 Japan→Japanese日本(人)的 -ful 用在名词或动词后，“充满……的；有……性质的；有……倾向的” beauty→beautiful 美丽的 care→careful 小心的 forget→forgetful 健忘的 -ic/ical 与……有关的 electricity→electric用电的 politics→political政治的 -ish 如……的，……似的 child→childish 孩子气的 self→selfish 自私的 -ive 倾向……的 act→active 积极的 collect→collective 集体的 -less 没有……的 care→careless 粗心的 use→useless 无用的 -ly 有……特征的；像……的 friend→friendly 友好的 year→yearly 每年的 mother→motherly 母亲般的 brother→brotherly 兄弟般的 -ous 有……特性的 famous 著名的 dangerous 危险的 -some 用在名词或动词后；构成形容词，“易于……的，有……倾向的” quarrel→quarrelsome爱争吵的 tire→tiresome令人厌倦的 -y 有……性质的，多……的 wind→windy 多风的 dirt→dirty 脏的 2．动词后缀 后缀 意义 例词 -en 用在名词或形容词之后，“使成为，使变成” length→lengthen 加长 short→shorten 缩短 wide→widen 加宽 -fy/-ify 用在名词或形容词之后，“使……化，使成为……” beauty→beautify 美化 simple→simplify 简化 -ize/-ise 用在名词或形容词之后，“使成为……，使……化” apology→apologize/apologise道歉 organ→organize/organise组织 real→realize/realise实现 学生用书第82页 3．副词后缀 后缀 意义 例词 -ly ……地 bad→badly 坏地 easy→easily 容易地 -ward(s) 用在名词或介词之后，“朝向……” for→forward(s) 向前地 west→westward 向西地 4．名词后缀 后缀 意义 例词 -an/-ian ……地方的人；精通……的人 America→American美国人 history→historian历史学家 music→musician音乐家 -dom 用在动词、形容词或名词后，表示状况、地位、职位等 bore→boredom厌烦 free→freedom自由 king→kingdom王国 -er 人 foreign→foreigner外国人 report→reporter记者 -ess 人或动物，指雌性 act→actress 女演员 lion→lioness 母狮子 -ful 充满，一……的量 hand→handful 一把 mouth→mouthful 一满口 -or 人 invent→inventor 发明家 act→actor 演员 -ism ……主义 Marx→Marxism 马克思主义 capital→capitalism 资本主义 material→materialism 唯物主义 -ist 用在名词或动词后，“从事……的人”或与以-ism结尾的名词结合，“……主义者” novel→novelist小说家 type→typist打字员 physics→physicist物理学家 communism→communist共产主义者 socialism→socialist社会主义者 -ment 用在动词后，表示行为、状态、结果等 move→movement运动 agree→agreement协议 settle→settlement解决；殖民地 -ness 用在形容词后，表示性质、状态或特点 ill→illness疾病 happy→happiness幸福 -ship 用在名词后，使名词意义抽象化，表示状态、地位、身份、职位等 friend→friendship友谊 leader→leadership领导；领导职位 member→membership成员资格 owner→ownership所有权 -tion 状态、行为 collect→collection 收集 translate→translation 翻译 -th 用在形容词或动词之后，表示性质、状态等 warm→warmth暖和 true→truth真相，真理 wide→width宽度 grow→growth成长 学生用书第83页 5．数词后缀 后缀 意义 例词 -teen 十几 four→fourteen十四 eight→eighteen十八 -th 第几 four→fourth第四 eight→eighth第八 -ty 几十 four→forty四十 eight→eighty八十 ◎巧学活用——用所给词的适当形式填空 ①Mary was very sad at the news，so she looked sadly at her husband，her eyes full of sadness．(sad) ②He plays football very well and he was one of the best players in yesterday’s football match.(play) ③Edison is a great inventor．During his life he has many inventions．(invent) ④You are so kind to help me.Thank you for your kindness．(kind) 维度一　按括号内的要求写出下列各词的相应形式 1．origin→original (adj.) 2．experiment→experimental (adj.) 3．happy→happily (adv.) 4．thick→thickly (adv.) 5．nation→national (adj.) 6．difference→different (adj.) 7．confidence→confident (adj.) 8．culture→cultural (adj.) 9．final→finally (adv.) 10．difficulty→difficult (adj.) 11．major→majority (n.) 12．marry→marriage (n.) 13．lucky→luckily (adv.) 14．southeast→southeastern (adj.) 15．fast→fasten (v.) 16．fool→foolish (adj.) 17．trouble→troublesome (adj.) 18．down→downward (adv.) 19．fault→faulty (adj.) 20．health→healthy (adj.) 维度二　语法与写作 1．Chinese New Year is a celebration (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. 2．The beautiful (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. 学生用书第84页 3．In the 18th and 19th centuries，wealthy (wealth) people travelled and collected plants，historical objects and works of art. 4．Landing on the moon’s far side is extremely (extreme) challenging. 5．The experience enriched our life and broadened (broad) our horizons as well. 6．His eye-catching performance (perform) brings the character to life! 7．Obviously (obvious)，it is high time that we took some effective measures to solve the problem. 8．When it comes to the problem of children’s education (educate)，there are no shortage of ideas. 9．Critics’ comments have a great impact on the final decision (decide) of the government. 10．I was enjoying the beautiful scenery outside the window when an old man with a cane caught my attention suddenly (sudden). 维度三　语法与语篇 From the 1．expression (express) on Mary’s face，he knew he left a bad 2．impression (impress) on her and if she won the 3．election (elect) to become chairman of the Environment 4．Organization (organize)，he could not get her 5．permission (permit) to join it although he was willing to do his bit to rid the world of 6．pollution (pollute) and to help people enjoy a better earth.When he was wondering how to change this embarrassing situation，he got 7．inspiration (inspire) from his wife’s words.Yes，he should try his best to win the election and become chairman himself with his 8．determination (determine) to work for the organization.“My dear，you are really a 9．wonderful (wonder) helper！I’m sure I will be the winner of the election，”He said to his wife 10．excitedly (excite). 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$