UNIT 5 Section Ⅲ Grammar(1)-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年新教材高一英语必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Grammar(1) 关系副词引导的定语从句 语法串烧 我的发现 　　In April 2017，two giant pandas from China arrived at a zoo in the Netherlands. There，they were welcomed to the Chinese-style compound where① they were to live. On 30 May，after the preparations were complete，the day finally came when② the pandas met their fans for the first time. People were excited—the zoo is the only place in the country where③ it is possible to see pandas. In fact，the last time there were pandas in the Netherlands was in 1987．And of course，the main reason why④ they were so excited is that pandas are just so cute！ 1．①②③④均为引导定语从句的关系副词； 2．when在定语从句中作时间状语；why在定语从句中作原因状语；where在定语从句中作地点状语。 当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中作时间、地点、原因状语时，应使用关系副词when，where，why或“介词＋which”。此处主要讲关系副词引导的定语从句。关系副词的作用如下：①指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词；②在从句中充当句子成分——状语，即在从句中起副词的作用；③起连接作用，把主句和定语从句连接起来构成主从复合句。 一、关系副词引导的定语从句 1．when引导定语从句的用法 当先行词是表示时间的名词(如time，day，year，month，week等)，且关系词在从句中作时间状语时，定语从句用when引导。when可以换成“介词＋which”。 Winter is the time of year when(＝ in which) the day is short while the night is long. 冬天是一年中昼短夜长的时候。 She is looking forward to the day when(＝on which) her daughter will win a gold medal at the Olympics. 她盼望着她的女儿在奥运会上赢得金牌的那一天。 [温馨提示]　当先行词是表示时间的名词时，既可以用when引导定语从句，也可以用that或which引导定语从句，关键要看关系词在定语从句中作何种成分。若关系词在定语从句中充当状语，则用when引导；若关系词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。 Do you still remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm? 你还记得我们一起在农场度过的那些日子吗？(that或which作spent的宾语) Do you still remember the days when we chatted with each other all night? 你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？(when在从句中作状语) 2．where引导定语从句的用法 (1)当先行词是表示具体地点的名词(如place，room，mountain，airport等)或表示抽象地点的名词(如case，state，condition，point，situation等)，且关系词在从句中作地点状语时，定语从句用where引导。 学生用书第64页 We have reached a point where a change is needed. 我们已经到了需要做出改变的地步。 He gets into a situation where it is hard to tell what is right or wrong. 他陷入一种难以判断对错的境地。 (2)where可以换成“介词＋which”。 This is the hotel where(＝in which) they stayed. 这就是他们待过的那个旅馆。 [温馨提示]　当先行词为表示地点的名词时，如果关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则用that或which引导定语从句。 His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts. 他的父亲在一家制造收音机零件的工厂里工作。 3．why引导定语从句的用法 当先行词是表示原因的名词reason，且关系词在从句中作原因状语时，定语从句用why引导，且只能引导限制性定语从句。why可以用for which来代替。 This is the reason why(＝for which) he left in a hurry. 这就是他匆匆离去的原因。 [温馨提示]　若先行词为reason，且关系词在定语从句中不作状语，而是充当主语或宾语，则用that或which引导定语从句。 The reason that he told me yesterday is a lie. 昨天他告诉我的理由是个谎言。 二、关系副词和关系代词的选择 定语从句的引导词用关系代词还是关系副词可以用以下两种方式判断： 用法 依据 根据从句的谓语动词 是及物动词，后面若无宾语，用关系代词；是不及物动词则用关系副词 根据先行词在从句中所作的成分 把先行词放入定语从句中，若作主语或宾语用关系代词；作状语则用关系副词 This is the factory where he used to work. 这是他以前工作过的那家工厂。(work是不及物动词) This is the factory(that/which) I visited last year. 这是我去年参观过的那家工厂。(visit是及物动词) Is this the museum(that/which) you visited a few days ago? 这就是你几天前参观的那家博物馆吗？(从句缺少宾语) Is this the museum where the exhibition was held? 这就是举办展览的那家博物馆吗？(从句缺少地点状语) ◎巧学活用——单句语法填空 ①There was a time when the old must give way to the new. ②This is the room where my grandparents lived last year. ③Do you know the reason why he refused to go to Mary’s birthday party? ④I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. ⑤I will never forget the days that/which I spent with your family. ⑥I’ll never forget the last day when I met you. ⑦In 1901，Missus Gardner moved to the fourth floor of the museum where she would live for the rest of her life. ⑧There are many reasons why English is so widely used around the world in the fields of science，business，and more. ⑨However，there are a number of other reasons that/which might explain why you want to garden. ⑩Can you think out a situation where this idiom can be used? 学生用书第65页 维度一　单句语法填空 1．The UN meetings where only two languages are used may need only one interpreter. 2．A co-housing complex is a place where residents(居住者) shop，cook，and eat together. 3．I will never forget the day that/which I spent with the famous astronaut. 4．There comes a time when China will do much good to all the people in the world. 5．The reason that/which he gave just now was not believable. 6．The Amber Room once served as a reception hall where the Czar met with important visitors. 7．They were put into a position where they had no right to vote or to be elected. 8．We don’t know the reason why they didn’t keep their promise. 9．Is this the house that/which Premier Zhou Enlai once visited? 10．In the spring，a season when we are learning new rhythms of life，many of us find comfort in the natural world. 维度二　语法与写作 1．他不记得他藏钱的地方了。 He couldn’t remember the place where he hid the money． 2．她仍然记得母亲在学校门口接她的情景。 She still remembered the scene where her mother picked her up at the gate of the school． 3．那是一个很多年轻人到农村去锻炼的时代。 It was a time when many young people went to the countryside to get some training. 4．我们团聚的时刻终于到了。 The time when we get together finally arrived. 5．我们不信任他的原因是他经常撒谎。 The reason why we don’t trust him is that he often lies. 维度三　语法与语篇 用适当的引导词填空 There was a time 1．when I would get close to nature.I lived in a cottage whose roof was made of wood and bamboo.There was a small river near my home，2．where I could swim happily and caught fish with my little companions.This was the reason 3．why I loved the river.The time 4．that/which we spent together was pleasant.The best moment 5．that made a deep impression on me was when my companions and I wandered through the woods，in 6．which a great many beautiful birds were singing. 学生用书第66页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$